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chemical composition and biological activity of centaurea baseri: new species from turkey.the genus centaurea l. is one of the largest and important genera of asteraceae family. centaurea species have been widely used as herbal remedies in folk medicine for their antidandruff, antidiarrheic, antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, choleretic, diuretic, digestive, stomachic, astringent, antipyretic, cytotoxic, and antibacterial properties. centaurea baseri kose & alan is a recently described local endemic species in turkey and this is the first study on the chemical composition and bioactiv ...201627447348
the comer gene plays an important role in biofilm formation and sporulation in both bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus.bacteria adopt alternative cell fates during development. in bacillus subtilis, the transition from planktonic growth to biofilm formation and sporulation is controlled by a complex regulatory circuit, in which the most important event is activation of spo0a, a transcription factor and a master regulator for genes involved in both biofilm formation and sporulation. in b. cereus, the regulatory pathway controlling biofilm formation and cell differentiation is much less clear. in this study, we sh ...201627446060
expression of the genes encoding the cask/r two-component system and the desa desaturase during bacillus cereus cold adaptation.two-component systems (tcs) allow a cell to elaborate a variety of adaptive responses to environment changes. the recently discovered cask/r tcs plays a role in the optimal unsaturation of fatty acids necessary for cold adaptation of the foodborne-pathogen bacillus cereus here, we showed that the promoter activity of the operon encoding this tcs was repressed during growth at low temperature in the stationary phase in the parental strain when compared to the cask/r mutant, suggesting that casr n ...201627435329
evolutionary processes and environmental factors underlying the genetic diversity and lifestyles of bacillus cereus group bacteria.bacteria of the bacillus cereus group are environmental gram-positive spore-forming bacteria ubiquitously distributed. despite the high degree of genetic similarity among the different strains, they show strong phenotypic variability, from mammal or entomopathogen strains to soil-dwelling saprophytes, and from psychrophylic to thermotolerant strains. most of the phenotypes are linked to the presence of large plasmids that encode for diverse toxins. however, other processes, like mutation or reco ...201627424810
bacillus spore wet heat resistance and evidence for the role of an expanded osmoregulatory spore cortex.previous work reported that decoated bacillus cereus spores incubated in 4 mol l(-1) cacl2 are killed at lower temperatures than spores in water. this wet heat sensitization was suggested to support a role for an osmoregulatory peptidoglycan cortex in spore cores' low water content, and their wet heat resistance. current work has replicated this finding with spores of b. cereus, bacillus megaterium and bacillus subtilis. however, this work found that decoated spores apparently killed at 80°c in ...201627424522
complete genome sequences of nine bacillus cereus group phages.we report the sequences of nine novel bacillus cereus group bacteriophages: dignkc, juglone, nemo, nigalana, notthecreek, phrodo, sagefayge, vinny, and zuko. these bacteriophages are double-stranded dna-containing myoviridae isolated from soil samples using b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki as the host bacterium.201627417827
microbiome associations in pigs with the best and worst clinical outcomes following co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2).on a world-wide basis, co-infections involving porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) are common and contribute to a range of polymicrobial disease syndromes in swine. both viruses compromise host defenses, resulting in increased susceptibility to infections by primary and secondary pathogens that can affect growth performance as well as increased morbidity and mortality. an experimental population of 95 pigs was co-infected with prrsv an ...201627139023
preparation and biological activity of new collagen composites, part i: collagen/zinc titanate nanocomposites.the aim of this investigation was to develop new antimicrobial collagen/zinc titanate (zntio3) biomaterials using a sol-gel cryogenic draying technology in keeping the native collagen activity. broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity was demonstrated against firmicutes (staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus cereus, and candida lusitaniae) and gracilicutes (escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, and pseudomonas putida) microorganisms. the antimicrobial activity as well as the cytotoxicity were speci ...201627138724
structural and biochemical characterization of the bacillus cereus 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase.the 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase (hibadh) family catalyzes the nad(+)- or nadp(+)-dependent oxidation of various β-hydroxyacid substrates into their cognate semialdehydes for diverse metabolic pathways. because hibadh group members exhibit different substrate specificities, the substrate-recognition mode of each enzyme should be individually characterized. in the current study, we report the biochemical and structural analysis of a hibadh group enzyme from bacillus cereus (bchibadh). bchib ...201627120461
relapsing peritonitis with bacillus cereus in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.we present a case where bacillus cereus was determined to be the causative agent of relapsing peritonitis in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd). the patient, a 70-year-old man from the faroe islands, was admitted with relapsing peritonitis four times over a 3-month period. peritoneal cultures were positive for growth of b. cereus, a rare bacterial cause of peritonitis. the cultures demonstrated susceptibility to vancomycin, and therefore the patient was treated with in ...201627118739
culture-dependent and -independent methods to investigate the predominant microorganisms associated with wet processed coffee.the fermentation process of yunnan arabica coffee is a typical wet fermentation. its excellent quality is closely related to microbes in the process of fermentation. the purpose of this study was to isolate and identify the microorganisms in the wet method of coffee processing in yunnan province, china. microbial community structure and dominant bacterial species were evaluated by traditional cultivated separation method and pcr-dgge technology, and were further analyzed in combination with the ...201627113591
potential antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of autochthonous starter cultures and protease epg222 in dry-fermented sausages.this work studied the presence of nitrogen compounds with bioactive properties in iberian pork sausages that were manufactured using different autochthonous starter cultures (pediococcus acidilactici ms200 and staphylococcus vitulus rs34) and protease epg222. nitrogen compounds were extracted and evaluated for their antimicrobial effect against spoilage and pathogenic bacteria, such as bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, salmonella choleraesuis, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes, a ...201627112426
optimization of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis procedure for bacillus cereus.in order to develop a rapid and reliable method for b. cereus genotyping, factors influencing pfge results, including preparation of bacterial cells embedded in agarose, lysis of embedded cells, enzymatic digestion of intact genomic dna, and electrophoresis parameters allowing for reproducible and meaningful dna fragment separation, were controlled. optimal cellular growth (luria-bertani agar plates for 12-18 h) and lysis conditions (4 h incubation with 500 µg/ml lysozyme) produced sharp bands on ...201627109136
alternative biotransformation of retinal to retinoic acid or retinol by an aldehyde dehydrogenase from bacillus cereus.a novel bacterial aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldh) that converts retinal to retinoic acid was first identified in bacillus cereus the amino acid sequence of aldh from b. cereus (bcaldh) was more closely related to mammalian aldhs than to bacterial aldhs. this enzyme converted not only small aldehydes to carboxylic acids but also the large aldehyde all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinoic acid with nad(p)(+) we newly found that bcaldh and human aldh (aldh1a1) could reduce all-trans-retinal to all-tra ...201627107124
unicellular cyanobacteria synechocystis accommodate heterotrophic bacteria with varied enzymatic and metal resistance properties.the interactions between heterotrophic bacteria and primary producers have a profound impact on the functioning of marine ecosystem. we characterized the enzymatic and metal resistance properties of fourteen heterotrophic bacteria isolated from a unicellular cyanobacterium synechocystis sp. that came from a heavy metal contaminated region of cochin estuary, southwest coast of india. based on 16s rrna gene sequence similarities, the heterotrophic bacteria were grouped into three phyla: namely act ...201627106264
two distinct pathways lead bacillus thuringiensis to commit to sporulation in biofilm.the spore-forming bacterium bacillus thuringiensis is an efficient biofilm producer, responsible for persistent contamination of industrial food processing systems. b. thuringiensis biofilms are highly heterogeneous bacterial structures in which three distinct cell types controlled by quorum sensing regulators were identified: plcr-controlled virulent cells, nprr-dependent necrotrophic cells and cells committed to sporulation, a differentiation process controlled by rap phosphatases and spo0a-p. ...201627106256
genome sequence of bacillus cereus phage vb_bces-my192.italic! bacillus cereusis an opportunistic foodborne pathogen. the phage vb_bces-my192 was isolated from italic! b. cereus192 in a cooked rice sample. the temperate phage belongs to the italic! siphoviridaefamily, italic! caudoviralesorder. here we announce the phage genome sequence and its annotation, which may expand the understanding of italic! b. cereussiphophages.201627103733
chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oils from ferulago angulata.ferulago angulata boiss. (apiaceae), a perennial aromatic herb, grows wild in iran. the aerial parts of f. angulata are used as a flavouring in foods, especially dairy foods by indigenous people in western and southwestern iran.201627102982
diversity of indigenous endophytic bacteria associated with the roots of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.) cultivars and their antagonism towards pathogens.the study aimed to reveal the diversity of endophytic bacteria in the roots of chinese cabbage (cc) cultivated in two areas in korea, namely, seosang-gun (ss) and haenam-gun (hn), and also in a transgenic plant (tp) from the laboratory. a total of 653 colonies were isolated from the interior of cc roots, comprising 118, 302, and 233 isolates from ss, hn, and tp samples, respectively. based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, the isolates belonged to four major phylogenetic groups: high-g+c gram- ...201627095454
cleaning and disinfection of bacillus cereus biofilm.methodology has been evolving for the testing of disinfectants against bacterial single-species biofilms, as the difficulty of biofilm remediation continues to gain much-needed attention. bacterial single-species biofilm contamination presents a real risk to good manufacturing practice-regulated industries. however, mixed-species biofilms and biofilms containing bacterial spores remain an even greater challenge for cleaning and disinfection. among spore-forming microorganisms frequently encounte ...201627091884
microbiological and modeling approach to derive performance objectives for bacillus cereus group in ready-to-eat salads.in this article, the performance objectives (pos) for bacillus cereus group (bc) in celery, cheese, and spelt added as ingredients in a ready-to-eat mixed spelt salad, packaged under modified atmosphere, were calculated using a bayesian approach. in order to derive the pos, bc detection and enumeration were performed in nine lots of naturally contaminated ingredients and final product. moreover, the impact of specific production steps on the bc contamination was quantified. finally, a sampling p ...201627088886
different antibacterial activity of novel theophylline-based ionic liquids - growth kinetic and cytotoxicity studies.the aim of this study was to investigate novel theophylline-based ionic liquids and their cytotoxic effects towards model gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (bacillus cereus and escherichia coli, respectively). growth kinetics, respiratory rates and dehydrogenase activities were studied in the presence of ionic liquids at concentrations ranging from 10 to 1000mg/l. additionally, the influence of ionic liquids on bacterial cells associated with specific interactions based on the structure o ...201627082812
discovery and characterization of bicereucin, an unusual d-amino acid-containing mixed two-component lantibiotic.lantibiotics are a group of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (ripps) exhibiting antimicrobial activity. they are characterized by the presence of the thioether-containing bisamino acids lanthionine and methyllanthionine. here, we report a two-component lantibiotic from bacillus cereus sj1 with unusual structural features that we named bicereucin. unlike all previous two-component lantibiotics, only one of the two peptides of bicereucin contains a lanthionine. th ...201627074593
rhizosphere of avicennia marina (forsk.) vierh. as a landmark for polythene degrading bacteria.due to high durability, cheap cost, and ease of manufacture, 311 million tons of plastic-based products are manufactured around the globe per annum. the slow/least rate of plastic degradation leads to generation of million tons of plastic waste per annum, which is of great environmental concern. of the total plastic waste generated, polythene shared about 64 %. various methods are available in the literature to tackle with the plastic waste, and biodegradation is considered as the most accepted, ...201627072028
synthesis and biological evaluation of novel structural hybrids of benzofuroxan derivatives and fluoroquinolones.a series of novel hybrids based on benzofuroxan derivatives and fluoroquinolones (4a-d-6a-d) have been synthesized. unexpectedly, the reactions have resulted in salt products formation during the hydrolysis of benzofuroxans by water molecules being present in the solvent instead of usual substitution products. all the compounds have been screened for antimicrobial and toxic activities. all resulting compounds retain high activity characteristic for fluoroquinolones. many of the salts based on be ...201627061980
bacillus cereus response to a proanthocyanidin trimer, a transcriptional and functional analysis.proanthocyanidins are abundant in peanut skin, and in this study, the antibacterial effects of a peanut skin extract (pse) against food-borne bacteria were investigated to find its minimum inhibitory concentration. food-borne gram-positive bacteria, and in particular bacillus cereus, was more sensitive to pse. in particular, the inhibitory activity of epicatechin-(4β → 6)-epicatechin-(2β → o→7, 4β → 8)-catechin (eec), a proanthocyanidin trimer from peanut skin, against b. cereus was stronger tha ...201627061585
occurrence of toxigenic bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis in doenjang, a korean fermented soybean paste.this study determined the prevalence and toxin profile of bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis in doenjang, a fermented soybean food, made using both traditional and commercial methods. the 51 doenjang samples tested were broadly contaminated with b. cereus; in contrast, only one sample was positive for b. thuringiensis. all b. cereus isolates from doenjang were positive for diarrheal toxin genes. the frequencies of nheabc and hblacd in traditional samples were 22.7 and 0%, respectively, w ...201627052865
microbial dynamics during shelf-life of industrial ricotta cheese and identification of a bacillus strain as a cause of a pink discolouration.dairy products are perishable and have to be preserved from spoilage during the food chain to achieve the desired shelf-life. ricotta is a typical italian soft dairy food produced by heat coagulation of whey proteins and is considered to be a light and healthy product. the shelf-life of ricotta could be extended, as required by the international food trade market; however, heat resistant microflora causes spoilage and poses issues regarding the safety of the product. next-generation sequencing ( ...201627052696
optimization of process parameters for the rapid biosynthesis of hematite nanoparticles.hematite (α-fe2o3) nanoparticles are widely used in various applications including gas sensors, pigments owing to its low cost, environmental friendliness, non-toxicity and high resistance to corrosion. these nanoparticles were generally synthesized by different chemical methods. in the present study, nanoparticles were synthesized rapidly without heat treatment by biosynthesis approach using culture supernatant of bacillus cereus svk1. the physiochemical parameters for rapid synthesis were opti ...201627045277
development of a powder formulation based on bacillus cereus sensu lato strain b25 spores for biological control of fusarium verticillioides in maize plants.maize is an economically important crop in northern mexico. different fungi cause ear and root rot in maize, including fusarium verticillioides (sacc.) nirenberg. crop management of this pathogen with chemical fungicides has been difficult. by contrast, the recent use of novel biocontrol strategies, such as seed bacterization with bacillus cereus sensu lato strain b25, has been effective in field trials. these approaches are not without their problems, since insufficient formulation technology, ...201627038945
isolation of aluminum-tolerant bacteria capable of nitrogen removal in activated sludge.four strains of bacteria capable of withstanding 20mm concentration of aluminum were isolated from activated sludge in a bioreactor. 16s rrna identification and morphological characteristics indicated that these strains were chryseobacterium sp. b1, brevundimonas diminuta b3, hydrogenophaga sp. b4, and bacillus cereus b5. phylogenetic analysis revealed the position and interrelationships of these bacteria. b. diminuta b3 and hydrogenophaga sp. b4 could achieve nitrate nitrogen removal of 94.0% a ...201627038879
response of indigenously developed bacterial consortia in progressive degradation of polyvinyl chloride.thermoplastic-based materials are recalcitrant in nature, which extensive use affect environmental health. here, we attempt to compare the response of indigenously produced bacterial consortium-i and consortium-ii in degrading polyvinyl chloride (pvc). these consortia were developed by using different combination of bacterial strains of pseudomonas otitidis, bacillus cereus, and acanthopleurobacter pedis from waste disposal sites of northern india after their identification via 16s rdna sequenci ...201626231814
bioavailability and mobility of organic contaminants in soil: new three-step ecotoxicological evaluation.a novel approach was developed for rapid assessment of bioavailability and potential mobility of contaminants in soil. the response of the same test organism to the organic extract, water extract and solid phase of soil was recorded and compared. this approach was designed to give an initial estimate of the total organic toxicity (response to organic extractable fraction), as well as the mobile (response to water extract) and bioavailable fraction (response to solid phase) of soil samples. eight ...201626490898
inactivation of bacterial pathogens in yoba mutandabota, a dairy product fermented with the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba.mutandabota is a dairy product consumed as a major source of proteins and micronutrients in southern africa. in this study the microbial safety of traditional and a variant of mutandabota fermented with the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba (yoba mutandabota) was investigated by challenging the products with five important food pathogens: listeria monocytogenes, salmonella spp., campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli o157:h7 and bacillus cereus. pasteurized full-fat cow's milk was used for ...201626490648
diversity of bacterial communities in the midgut of bactrocera cucurbitae (diptera: tephritidae) populations and their potential use as attractants.the microbiota plays an important role in insect development and fitness. understanding the gut microbiota composition is essential for the development of pest management strategies. midgut bacteria were isolated from nine wild b. cucurbitae populations collected from different agroecological zones of india. these isolates were further studied for attractant potential of fruit fly adults, and the chemical constituents in the supernatants of gut bacteria were analysed.201626299539
antiproliferative and antibacterial activity of some glutarimide derivatives.antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of nine glutarimide derivatives (1-9) were reported. cytotoxicity of compounds was tested toward three human cancer cell lines, hela, k562 and mda-mb-453 by mtt assay. compound 7 (2-benzyl-2-azaspiro[5.11]heptadecane-1,3,7-trione), containing 12-membered ketone ring, was found to be the most potent toward all tested cell lines (ic50 = 9-27 μm). preliminary screening of antibacterial activity by a disk diffusion method showed that gram-positive bacte ...201626247353
synthesis of novel sulfonamide analogs containing sulfamerazine/sulfaguanidine and their biological activities.sulfamerazine and sulfaguanidine are clenched with p-nitrobenzoyl chloride and the products obtained are reduced to naxs in ethanol-water. novel sulfonamides (6a-g and 9a-g) were synthesized by the reaction of these reduced products (4 and 8) with various sulfonyl chlorides (5a-g). the structures of these compounds were characterized using spectroscopic analysis (ir, (1)h-nmr, (13)c-nmr and hrms) technique. antimicrobial activity of sulfonamides (3, 4, 7, 8, 6a-g and 9a-g) was evaluated by the a ...201626327456
antimicrobial susceptibility and the in vitro postantibiotic effects of vancomycin and ciprofloxacin against bacillus cereus isolates.vancomycin and ciprofloxacin were often used in the therapy of infections associated with bacillus cereus.201626358183
molecular characterisation of bacillus chitinase for bioconversion of chitin waste.in this work chitin was extracted chemically from shrimp shells. seventeen bacillus isolates were screened for chitinolytic activity. the chitinolytic strains of bt. were screened at different temperatures and phs for their hydrolytic potentials. by using a pair of specific primers, endochitinase gene was amplified from sbs bt-5 strain through pcr, and then cloned into ptz57 ta cloning vector and transferred in escherichia coli dh5α strain. the sequenced gene (genbank accession no: he995800) con ...201626373305
antibacterial effect of the red sea soft coral sarcophyton trocheliophorum.the marine soft corals sarcophyton trocheliophorum crude extracts possessed antimicrobial activity towards pathogenic bacterial strains, i.e. bacillus cereus, salmonella typhi, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. bioassay-guided fractionation indicated that the antimicrobial effect was due to the presence of terpenoid bioactive derivatives. further biological assays of the n-hexane fractions were carried out using turbidity assay, inhibition zone assay and minimum ...201626186031
cleanliness of linen and clothing items professionally laundered or dry-cleaned.we asked 14 professional cleaners (laundry services) to clean various unused (new) linen and clothing items with a microbial contamination level of <1 cfu/cm(2) and then evaluated the bacterial/fungal contamination of the laundered or dry-cleaned items. after laundering, 6 (21.4%) of the 28 samples from 4 of the 14 cleaners (28.6%) were contaminated (1-1,200 cfu/cm(2)). after dry-cleaning, 2 (7.1%) of the 28 samples from 2 (14.3%) of the 14 cleaners were contaminated (7-10 cfu/cm(2)). the main c ...201626073734
a novel antimicrobial flavonoid from the stem bark of commiphora pedunculata (kotschy & peyr.) engl.a new flavonoid, 2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-8h-pyrano[3,2]chromen-4-one, together with previously reported epicatechin was isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the methanol extract of the stem bark of commiphora pedunculata. the structures of these compounds were elucidated based on extensive analysis of their spectral data, including 1 and 2d nmr. the compounds were active against 9 out of 12 tested microorganisms including a resista ...201625978097
design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-benzoyl-1-dichlorobenzoylthiosemicarbazides as potent gram-positive antibacterial agents.twelve 4-benzoyl-1-dichlorobenzoylthiosemicarbazides have been tested as potential antibacterials. all the compounds had mics between 0.49 and 15.63 µg/ml toward micrococcus luteus, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus epidermidis indicating, in most cases, equipotent or even more effective action than cefuroxime. in order to clarify if the observed antibacterial effects are universal, further research were undertaken to test inhibitory potency of two most potent compounds 3 and ...201625897586
chemical constituents and biological activities of albizia myriophylla wood.albizia myriophylla benth (leguminosae) is a medicinal plant widely used in thailand and other asian countries as a folk medicine remedy for many ailments.201625894212
effect of uv-c light on the microbial and sensory quality of seasoned dried seafood.this study investigated the effects of different doses of uv-c light at 253.7 nm (0-18 kj/m(2)) on the reduction of escherichia coli,staphylococcus aureus and bacillus cereus in contaminated seasoned dried filefish (thamnaconus modestus) and sliced squid (todarodes pacificus) surfaces and sensory quality. the counts of all three bacteria were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by the increase of uv-c dosage.e. coli,s. aureus and b. cereus on filefish with 18 kj/m(2)of uv-c maximally reduced by 2.7 ...201625967394
investigation of an outbreak of vomiting in nurseries in south east england, may 2012.on 30 may 2012, surrey and sussex health protection unit was called by five nurseries reporting children and staff with sudden onset vomiting approximately an hour after finishing their lunch that day. over the following 24 h 50 further nurseries supplied by the same company reported cases of vomiting (182 children, 18 staff affected). epidemiological investigations were undertaken in order to identify the cause of the outbreak and prevent further cases. investigations demonstrated a nursery-lev ...201626165194
biogenic silver and gold nanoparticles synthesized using red ginseng root extract, and their applications.in the present study, we report a green methodology for the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles, using the root extract of the herbal medicinal plant korean red ginseng. the silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized within 1 h and 10 min respectively. the nanoparticles generated were not aggregated, and remained stable for a long time, which suggests the nature of nanoparticles. the phytochemicals and ginsenosides present in the root extract assist in reducing and stabilizing the syn ...201625706249
effects of climate change on the persistence and dispersal of foodborne bacterial pathogens in the outdoor environment: a review.according to the intergovernmental panel on climate change (ipcc), warming of the climate system is unequivocal. over the coming century, warming trends such as increased duration and frequency of heat waves and hot extremes are expected in some areas, as well as increased intensity of some storm systems. climate-induced trends will impact the persistence and dispersal of foodborne pathogens in myriad ways, especially for environmentally ubiquitous and/or zoonotic microorganisms. animal hosts of ...201625612827
evaluating the efficiency of humic acid to remove micro-organisms from denture base material.to evaluate the efficiency of humic acid substances on removing micro-organisms from denture base materials.201625523597
isolation, identification and characterization of paenibacillus polymyxa cr1 with potentials for biopesticide, biofertilization, biomass degradation and biofuel production.paenibacillus polymyxa is a plant-growth promoting rhizobacterium that could be exploited as an environmentally friendlier alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. various strains have been isolated that can benefit agriculture through antimicrobial activity, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, plant hormone production, or lignocellulose degradation. however, no single strain has yet been identified in which all of these advantageous traits have been confirmed.201627756215
bacillus cereus ar156 primes induced systemic resistance by suppressing mir825/825* and activating defense-related genes in arabidopsis.small rnas play an important role in plant immune responses. however, their regulatory function in induced systemic resistance (isr) is nascent. bacillus cereus ar156 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium that induces isr in arabidopsis against bacterial infection. here, by comparing small rna profiles of pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (pst) dc3000-infected arabidopsis with and without ar156 pretreatment, we identified a group of arabidopsis micrornas (mirnas) that are differentially regul ...201626526683
isolation and characterization of a bacteriophage preying an antifungal bacterium.several bacillus species were isolated from rice field soils, and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that bacillus cereus was the most abundant. a strain named bc1 showed antifungal activity against rhizoctonia solani. bacteriophages infecting strain bc1 were isolated from the same soil sample. the isolated phage pk16 had an icosahedral head of 100 ± 5 nm and tail of 200 ± 5 nm, indicating that it belonged to the family myoviridae. analysis of the complete linear dsdna genome revealed a 158, ...201627904467
evaluation of a parchment document, the 13th century incorporation charter for the city of krakow, poland, for microbial hazards.the literature of environmental microbiology broadly discusses issues associated with microbial hazards in archives, but these publications are mainly devoted to paper documents. there are few articles on historical parchment documents, which used to be very important for the development of literature and the art of writing. these studies present a broad spectrum of methods for the assessment of biodeterioration hazards of the parchment document in question. they are based on both conventional m ...201626896133
flhf is required for swarming motility and full pathogenicity of bacillus cereus.besides sporulation, bacillus cereus can undergo a differentiation process in which short swimmer cells become elongated and hyperflagellated swarmer cells that favor migration of the bacterial community on a surface. the functionally enigmatic flagellar protein flhf, which is the third paralog of the signal recognition particle (srp) gtpases ffh and ftsy, is required for swarming in many bacteria. previous data showed that flhf is involved in the control of the number and positioning of flagell ...201627807433
listeria monocytogenes dna glycosylase adlp affects flagellar motility, biofilm formation, virulence, and stress responses.the temperature-dependent alteration of flagellar motility gene expression is critical for the foodborne pathogen listeria monocytogenes to respond to a changing environment. in this study, a genetic determinant, l. monocytogenes f2365_0220 (lmof2365_0220), encoding a putative protein that is structurally similar to the bacillus cereus alkyl base dna glycosylase (alkd), was identified. this determinant was involved in the transcriptional repression of flagellar motility genes and was named adlp ...201627316964
thusin, a novel two-component lantibiotic with potent antimicrobial activity against several gram-positive pathogens.due to the rapidly increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, the need for new antimicrobial drugs to treat infections has become urgent. bacteriocins, which are antimicrobial peptides of bacterial origin, are considered potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics and have attracted widespread attention in recent years. among these bacteriocins, lantibiotics, especially two-component lantibiotics, exhibit potent antimicrobial activity against some clinically relevant ...201627486447
deciphering a survival strategy during the interspecific competition between bacillus cereus msm-s1 and pseudomonas sp. msm-m1.interspecific competition in bacteria governs colony growth dynamics and pattern formation. here, we demonstrate an interesting phenomenon of interspecific competition between bacillus cereus msm-s1 and pseudomonas sp. msm-m1, where secretion of an inhibitor by pseudomonas sp. is used as a strategy for survival. although b. cereus grows faster than pseudomonas sp., in the presence of pseudomonas sp. the population of b. cereus reduces significantly, whereas pseudomonas sp. do not show any marked ...201628018625
control of wilt and rot pathogens of tomato by antagonistic pink pigmented facultative methylotrophic delftia lacustris and bacillus spp.the studies on the biocontrol potential of pink pigmented facultative methylotrophic (ppfm) bacteria other than the genus methylobacterium are scarce. in the present study, we report three facultative methylotrophic isolates; ppo-1, ppt-1, and ppb-1, respectively, identified as delftia lacustris, bacillus subtilis, and bacillus cereus by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. hemolytic activity was tested to investigate the potential pathogenicity of isolates to plants and humans, the results indicate ...201627872630
rhizospheric bacteria of maize with potential for biocontrol of fusarium verticillioides.the stalk, ear and root rot (serr) of maize caused by fusarium verticillioides (fv) severely impacts crop production in tropical and subtropical regions. the aim of the present work was to screen bacterial isolates in order to find novel native biocontrol agents against fv. a culturable bacterial collection consisting of 11,520 isolates enriched in firmicutes and proteobacteria was created from rhizosphere samples taken from serr symptomatic or asymptomatic maize plants. the complete collection ...201627066355
use of ferrous iron by metallo-β-lactamases.metallo-β-lactamases (mbls) catalyse the hydrolysis of almost all β-lactam antibacterials including the latest generation carbapenems and are a growing worldwide clinical problem. it is proposed that mbls employ one or two zinc ion cofactors in vivo. isolated mbls are reported to use transition metal ions other than zinc, including copper, cadmium and manganese, with iron ions being a notable exception. we report kinetic and biophysical studies with the di-iron(ii)-substituted metallo-β-lactamas ...201627498591
antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose film-forming hydrosols hydrolyzed by cellulase.the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cellulase (c) on the biological activity of chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (ch/hpmc) film-forming hydrosols. the hydrolytic activity of cellulase in two concentrations (0.05% and 0.1%) was verified by determination of the progress of polysaccharide hydrolysis, based on viscosity measurement and reducing sugar-ends assay. the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) free radical scavenging effect, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (frap) ...201627608008
the pesticidal cry6aa toxin from bacillus thuringiensis is structurally similar to hlye-family alpha pore-forming toxins.the cry6 family of proteins from bacillus thuringiensis represents a group of powerful toxins with great potential for use in the control of coleopteran insects and of nematode parasites of importance to agriculture. these proteins are unrelated to other insecticidal toxins at the level of their primary sequences and the structure and function of these proteins has been poorly studied to date. this has inhibited our understanding of these toxins and their mode of action, along with our ability t ...201627576487
characterization of antimicrobial substance from lactobacillus salivarius kl-d4 and its application as biopreservative for creamy filling.lactobacillus salivarius kl-d4 isolated from duck intestine produced bacteriocin which was stable at high temperature and a wide ph range of 3-10. its cell free supernatant at ph 5.5 exhibited wide inhibitory spectrum against both g+ and g- bacteria. the highest bacteriocin production was obtained in mrs broth supplemented with 0.5 % (w/v) caco3 at 6 h by gentle shaking. pcr walking using specific primers at the conserved region of class-ii bacteriocin resulted in 4 known genes of kld1, kld2, kl ...201627462508
bacillus cereus biofilms-same, only different.bacillus cereus displays a high diversity of lifestyles and ecological niches and include beneficial as well as pathogenic strains. these strains are widespread in the environment, are found on inert as well as on living surfaces and contaminate persistently the production lines of the food industry. biofilms are suspected to play a key role in this ubiquitous distribution and in this persistency. indeed, b. cereus produces a variety of biofilms which differ in their architecture and mechanism o ...201627458448
bacillus cereus strain s2 shows high nematicidal activity against meloidogyne incognita by producing sphingosine.plant-parasitic nematodes cause serious crop losses worldwidely. this study intended to discover the antagonistic mechanism of bacillus cereus strain s2 against meloidogyne incognita. treatment with b. cereus strain s2 resulted in a mortality of 77.89% to caenorhabditis elegans (a model organism) and 90.96% to m. incognita. in pot experiment, control efficiency of b. cereus s2 culture or supernatants were 81.36% and 67.42% towards m. incognita, respectively. in field experiment, control efficien ...201627338781
increased biomass production by mesophilic food-associated bacteria through lowering the growth temperature from 30°c to 10°c.five isolates from chilled food and refrigerator inner surfaces and closely related reference strains of the species escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus xylosus, bacillus cereus, pedobacter nutrimenti, and pedobacter panaciterrae were tested for the effect of growth temperature (30°c and 10°c) on biomass formation. growth was monitored via optical density, and biomass formation was measured at the early stationary phase based on the following parameters in complex and define ...201627084015
bacillus cereus ar156 extracellular polysaccharides served as a novel micro-associated molecular pattern to induced systemic immunity to pst dc3000 in arabidopsis.non-host resistance (nhr) is a broad-spectrum plant defense. upon colonizing on the surface on the root or leaves of non-host species, pathogens initial encounter preform and induce defense response in plant, such as induced hypersensitive response, pamps triggered immunity (pti), and effector triggered immunity (eti). the ability of plants to develop an induced systemic response (isr) in reaction to the colonization by non-pathogenic rhizobacterium depends on interactions between host plants an ...201627242694
identification of cdnl, a putative transcriptional regulator involved in repair and outgrowth of heat-damaged bacillus cereus spores.spores are widely present in the environment and are common contaminants in the food chain, creating a challenge for food industry. nowadays, heat treatments conventionally applied in food processing may become milder to comply with consumer desire for products with higher sensory and nutritional values. consequently subpopulations of spores may emerge that are sublethally damaged rather than inactivated. such spores may germinate, repair damage, and eventually grow out leading to uncontrolled s ...201626849219
biocidal and sporicidal efficacy of pathoster(®) 0.35% and pathoster(®) 0.50% against bacterial agents in potential bioterrorism use.the use of products that can neutralize or significantly reduce the microbial load and that are not harmful to human health and the environment represents a milestone in the fight against the spread of infectious diseases. peracetic acid, besides being an excellent sterilizing and sporicidal agent, is harmless to humans and the environment when it is used in a common dosage. however, the high costs and loss of efficacy of the product very quickly after its reconstitution limit its use. we evalua ...201627482880
adaptation in bacillus cereus: from stress to disease.bacillus cereus is a food-borne pathogen that causes diarrheal disease in humans. after ingestion, b. cereus experiences in the human gastro-intestinal tract abiotic physical variables encountered in food, such as acidic ph in the stomach and changing oxygen conditions in the human intestine. b. cereus responds to environmental changing conditions (stress) by reversibly adjusting its physiology to maximize resource utilization while maintaining structural and genetic integrity by repairing and m ...201627757102
the bacterial dna repair protein mfd confers resistance to the host nitrogen immune response.production of reactive nitrogen species (no) is a key step in the immune response following infections. no induces lesions to bacterial dna, thus limiting bacterial growth within hosts. using two pathogenic bacteria, bacillus cereus and shigella flexneri, we show that the dna-repair protein mfd (mutation-frequency-decline) is required for bacterial resistance to the host-no-response. in both species, a mutant deficient for mfd does not survive to no, produced in vitro or by phagocytic cells. in ...201627435260
phenolic compounds and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities of three tropic fruits: persimmon, guava, and sweetsop.in our previous study, we have found that persimmon, guava, and sweetsop owned considerably high antioxidant activity and contained high total phenolic contents as well. in order to further supply information on the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of these three tropic fruits, they were extracted by 80% methanol. we then examined the extractions about their phenolic compounds and also studied the extractions and phenolic contents about their minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and mini ...201627648444
cloning, purification and characterization of the collagenase cola expressed by bacillus cereus atcc 14579.bacterial collagenases differ considerably in their structure and functions. the collagenases colh and colg from clostridium histolyticum and cola expressed by clostridium perfringens are well-characterized collagenases that cleave triple-helical collagen, which were therefore termed as ´true´ collagenases. cola from bacillus cereus (b. cereus) has been added to the collection of true collagenases. however, the molecular characteristics of b. cereus cola are less understood. in this study, we id ...201627588686
rational design, synthesis, anti-hiv-1 rt and antimicrobial activity of novel 3-(6-methoxy-3,4-dihydroquinolin-1(2h)-yl)-1-(piperazin-1-yl)propan-1-one derivatives.in the present study, fifteen novel 3-(6-methoxy-3,4-dihydroquinolin-1(2h)-yl)-1-(piperazin-1-yl)propan-1-one (6a-o) derivatives were designed as inhibitor of hiv-1 rt using ligand based drug design approach and in-silico evaluated for drug-likeness properties. designed compounds were synthesized, characterized and in-vitro evaluated for rt inhibitory activity against wild hiv-1 rt strain. among the tested compounds, four compounds (6a, 6b, 6j and 6o) exhibited significant inhibition of hiv-1 rt ...201627288643
the response of maize (zea mays l.) plant assisted with bacterial consortium and fertilizer under oily sludge.the objective of this study was to evaluate the role of pgpr consortium and fertilizer alone and in combination on the physiology of maize grown under oily sludge stress environment as well on the soil nutrient status. consortium was prepared from bacillus cereus (acc kr232400), bacillus altitudinis (acc kf859970), comamonas (delftia) belonging to family comamonadacea (acc kf859971) and stenotrophomonasmaltophilia (acc kf859973). the experiment was conducted in pots with complete randomized desi ...201626587972
the lipopeptide 6-2 produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens anti-ca has potent activity against the biofilm-forming organisms.both the whole cells and protoplasts of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 and bacillus cereus, two biofilm-forming bacteria, were disrupted by the lipopeptide 6-2 produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens anti-ca. the lipopeptide 6-2 could also effectively inhibit the formation of biofilms and disperse pre-formed biofilms. live/dead staining of the biofilms grown in the absence or presence of the lipopeptide 6-2 showed that more dead bacterial cells in the presence of the lipopeptide than those in the ab ...201627184127
inhibition of bacillus cereus growth and toxin production by bacillus amyloliquefaciens rd7-7 in fermented soybean products.bacillus cereus is a gram-positive, rod-shaped, spore-forming bacterium that has been isolated from contaminated fermented soybean food products and from the environment. b. cereus produces diarrheal and emetic toxins and has caused many outbreaks of foodborne diseases. in this study, we investigated whether b. amyloliquefaciens rd7-7, isolated from rice doenjang (korean fermented soybean paste), a traditional korean fermented soybean food, shows antimicrobial activity against b. cereus and regu ...201626528531
pereskia aculeata muller (cactaceae) leaves: chemical composition and biological activities.the aims of this work were to study the chemical composition of the essential oil from the leaves of pereskia aculeata and to evaluate some biological activities of three leaf extracts. the phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and in vitro antimicrobial and antifungal activities were determined. the methanol extract showed antioxidant activity (ec50 7.09 mg/ml) and high polyphenols content (15.04 ± 0.31 mg gallic acid equivalents (gae)/g). the petroleum ether extract exhibited potent antibact ...201627598154
biochemical characterization and antimicrobial and antifungal activity of two endemic varieties of garlic (allium sativum l.) of the campania region, southern italy.extracts of the bulbs of the two endemic varieties "rosato" and "caposele" of allium sativum of the campania region, southern italy, were analyzed. the phenolic content, ascorbic acid, allicin content, and in vitro antimicrobial and antifungal activity were determined. ultra performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector performed polyphenol profile. the polyphenolic extracts showed antioxidant activity (ec50) lower than 120 mg. the amount of ascorbic acid and allicin in the two ext ...201627259073
improving phylogeny reconstruction at the strain level using peptidome datasets.typical bacterial strain differentiation methods are often challenged by high genetic similarity between strains. to address this problem, we introduce a novel in silico peptide fingerprinting method based on conventional wet-lab protocols that enables the identification of potential strain-specific peptides. these can be further investigated using in vitro approaches, laying a foundation for the development of biomarker detection and application-specific methods. this novel method aims at reduc ...201628033346
xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in bacillus anthracis: molecular and functional analysis of a truncated arylamine n-acetyltransferase isozyme.the arylamine n-acetyltransferases (nats) are xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes that play an important role in the detoxification and/or bioactivation of arylamine drugs and xenobiotics. in bacteria, nats may contribute to the resistance against antibiotics such as isoniazid or sulfamides through their acetylation, which makes this enzyme family a possible drug target. bacillus anthracis, a bacterial species of clinical significance, expresses three nat isozymes with distinct structural and enzyma ...201627846346
temperature exerts control of bacillus cereus emetic toxin production on post-transcriptional levels.in recent years, the emetic toxin cereulide, produced by bacillus cereus, has gained high relevance in food production and food safety. cereulide is synthesized non-ribosomal by the multi-enzyme complex ces-nrps, which is encoded on a megaplasmid that shares its backbone with the bacillus anthracis px01 toxin plasmid. due to its resistance against heat, proteolysis and extreme ph conditions, the formation of this highly potent depsipeptide toxin is of serious concern in food processing procedure ...201627826288
in vitro antimicrobial activity of spices and medicinal herbs against selected microbes associated with juices.in the present investigation, comparison of antimicrobial activities of different spices, curcuma longa, zingiber officinale, and mentha arvensis, and medicinal herbs, such as withania somnifera, rauvolfia serpentina, emblica officinalis, terminalia arjuna, and centella asiatica, was evaluated. different extraction solvents (acetone, methanol, ethanol, and water) were used and extracts were examined against bacillus cereus, serratia sp., rhodotorula mucilaginosa, aspergillus flavus, and penicill ...201626880927
screening and characterization of potential bacillus starter cultures for fermenting low-salt soybean paste (doenjang).the bacterial strains were screened as potential starters for fermenting low-salt doenjang (a korean traditional fermented soybean paste) using korean doenjang based on proteolytic and antipathogenic activities under 6.5-7.5% nacl conditions. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences showed that they all belonged to the genus bacillus. proteolytic and antipathogenic activities against escherichia coli, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, and aspergillus f ...201626718466
quaternary ammonium biocides as antimicrobial agents protecting historical wood and brick.quaternary ammonium compounds (qacs) are widely used in disinfection of water, surfaces and instruments as well as in textile, leather and food industries because of their relatively low toxicity, broad antimicrobial spectrum, non-volatility and chemical stability. due to these advantages, qacs are also used in restoration and can be applied on historical material. the aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of biocides based on quaternary ammonium salts and containing various excipien ...201626629794
structural basis for latency and function of immune inhibitor a metallopeptidase, a modulator of the bacillus anthracis secretome.immune inhibitor a(inha)-type metallopeptidases are potential virulence factors secreted by members of the bacillus cereus group. two paralogs from anthrax-causing bacillus anthracis (bainha1 and bainha2) were shown to degrade host tissue proteins with broad substrate specificity. analysis of their activation mechanism and the crystal structure of a zymogenic bainha2 variant revealed a ∼750-residue four-domain structure featuring a pro-peptide, a catalytic domain, a domain reminiscent of viral e ...201626745529
detection of carboxylesterase and esterase activity in culturable gut bacterial flora isolated from diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (linnaeus), from india and its possible role in indoxacarb degradation.diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella (linnaeus), is a notorious pest of brassica crops worldwide and is resistant to all groups of insecticides. the insect system harbors diverse groups of microbiota, which in turn helps in enzymatic degradation of xenobiotic-like insecticides. the present study aimed to determine the diversity of gut microflora in dbm, quantify esterase activity and elucidate their possible role in degradation of indoxacarb. we screened 11 geographic populations of dbm i ...201626991291
medicinal attributes of major phenylpropanoids present in cinnamon.excessive production of free radicals has been implicated in many diseases including cancer. they are highly reactive and bring about oxidation of biomolecules i.e., proteins, lipids and nucleic acids which are associated with many degenerative diseases. natural products acting as antioxidants have ability to neutralize free radicals and their actions and hence they mitigate their harmful effects. the present study was designed to investigate pharmacological properties viz., antioxidant, antibac ...201627245453
antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activities of selected medicinal plants of ethiopia: implication for development of potent antimicrobial agents.traditional medicinal plants have been used as an alternative medicine in many parts of the world, including ethiopia. there are many documented scientific reports on antimicrobial activities of the same. to our knowledge, however, there is no report on the anti-quorum sensing (quorum quenching, qq) potential of traditional ethiopian medicinal plants. as many of the opportunistic pathogenic bacteria depend on quorum sensing (qs) systems to coordinate their virulence expression, interference with ...201627400878
vector potential of blattella germanica (l.) (dictyoptera: blattidae) for medically important bacteria at food handling establishments in jimma town, southwest ethiopia.cockroaches have been regarded as possible vectors of human enteropathogens. their presence and crawl particularly in food handling establishments could be risky for human health. therefore, this study was done to determine the vector potential of cockroach for medically important bacterial pathogens in restaurants and cafeterias. a cross-sectional study was conducted on cockroaches from restaurants and cafeterias in jimma town from may to september 2014. standard taxonomic keys and microbiologi ...201627294115
feces derived allergens of tyrophagus putrescentiae reared on dried dog food and evidence of the strong nutritional interaction between the mite and bacillus cereus producing protease bacillolysins and exo-chitinases.tyrophagus putrescentiae (schrank, 1781) is an emerging source of allergens in stored products and homes. feces proteases are the major allergens of astigmatid mites (acari: acaridida). in addition, the mites are carriers of microorganisms and microbial adjuvant compounds that stimulate innate signaling pathways. we sought to analyze the mite feces proteome, proteolytic activities, and mite-bacterial interaction in dry dog food (ddf). proteomic methods comprising enzymatic and zymographic analys ...201626941650
intravenous drug abuse by patients inside the hospital: a cause for sustained bacteremia.patients with history of intravenous drug abuse are noted to be at risk of several infections including hiv, endocarditis, and other opportunistic infections. we report the case of a patient with sustained bacillus cereus bacteremia despite use of multiple antibiotic regimens during his inpatient stay. our case highlights the importance of high suspicion for active drug use inside the hospital in such patients. this is important in order to minimize unnecessary diagnostic workup and provide adeq ...201627433362
microbial diversity and biochemical characteristics of borassus akeassii wine.palm wine produced traditionally and consumed by many people in the south-west of burkina faso is subject to alteration. in this study, we carried out a follow-up of two palm wines' fermentation during the 10 days in which palm wines are classically produced and consumed. we monitored biochemical characteristics of fermenting wines as well as followed the microflora kinetics using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. the analysis of the acid content and the bacterial population rev ...201627450560
phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using artemisia marschalliana sprengel aerial part extract and assessment of their antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial properties.a rapid phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) using an extract from the aerial parts of artemisia marschalliana sprengel was investigated in this study. the synthesized agnps using a. marschalliana extract was analyzed by uv-visible spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and further characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. characteristic absorption bands of a ...201627199558
survey of the antibiofilm and antimicrobial effects of zingiber officinale (in vitro study).candidiasis is one of the most prevalent and important opportunistic fungal infections of the oral cavity caused by candida yeast species like candida albicans, c. glabrata, and c. krusei. in addition, several bacteria can cause oral infections. the inhibition of microbial biofilm is the best way to prevent oral infections.201627127591
antibacterial, antifungal, phytotoxic, antioxidant and hemagglutination activities of organic fractions of arisaema tortuosum.in the current study, the antimicrobial, phytotoxic, haemagglutination and antioxidant potential of crude methanolic extract (crd. meoh ext.) and four organic fractions of arisaema tortuosum was investigated. all fractions have been screened for antimicrobial properties against eight bacterial pathogens and six fungal pathogens using agar well diffusion and tube dilution method, respectively. furthermore, the organic fractions were also screened for its phytotoxicity against lemna minor. haemagg ...201627166544
ethanolic extract of nigella sativa protects fe(ii) induced lipid peroxidation in rat's brain, kidney and liver homogenates.the study describes the effect of ethanolic extract of nigella sativa against fe(ii) induced lipid peroxidation. basal and fe(ii) induced thiobarbituric acid reactive species (tbars) production was significantly inhibited by the ethanolic extract of nigella sativa at 25-200 μg/ml. our data revealed that the extract has high dpph radical scavenging activity at highest tested concentrations. the extract significantly chelated fe(ii) and scavenged hydroxyl (oh) radical at 25-200μg/ml concentration. ...201626826815
leveraging the attributes of mucor hiemalis-derived silver nanoparticles for a synergistic broad-spectrum antimicrobial platform.driven by the need to engineer robust surface coatings for medical devices to prevent infection and sepsis, incorporation of nanoparticles has surfaced as a promising avenue to enhance non-fouling efficacy. microbial synthesis of such nanoscale metallic structures is of substantive interest as this can offer an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable route for further development. here we present a mucor hiemalis-derived fungal route for synthesis of silver nanoparticles, which display sig ...201628018316
pathogenic features of heterotrophic plate count bacteria from drinking-water boreholes.evidence suggests that heterotrophic plate count (hpc) bacteria may be hazardous to humans with weakened health. we investigated the pathogenic potential of hpc bacteria from untreated borehole water, consumed by humans, for: their haemolytic properties, the production of extracellular enzymes such as dnase, proteinase, lipase, lecithinase, hyaluronidase and chondroitinase, the effect simulated gastric fluid has on their survival, as well as the bacteria's antibiotic-susceptible profile. hutu-80 ...201627959868
molecular characteristics of lysozyme g in euryglossa orientalis; cdna cloning, phylogenic analysis, physicochemical properties and tissue gene expression.lysozymes are the key molecules of innate immune system against bacterial infections. in the present study, we identified the molecular characteristics, physicochemical properties, antibacterial activity, evolutionary relationship and tissue expression pattern of g-type lysozyme in euryglossa orientalis (euor lysg). the full-length euor lysg cdna is composed of 588 nucleotides and an open reading frame encoding a protein with 195 amino acids with more than 65 % identity to g-type lysozyme of sol ...201627393386
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