Publications

when drug therapy causes diarrhea.		1989	2602816
[intracerebroventricular administration of hypertonic saline inhibits the reabsorption of water and sodium in the proximal tubule].	in anaesthetized rats with unilateral section of the renal nerve, the effect of intracerebroventricular (icv.) administration of hypertonic saline on the reabsorption of water and sodium in the proximal tubule was investigated, using the lithium clearance method. after icv. administration of hypertonic saline, the lithium clearance (cli to glomerular filtration rate (gfr) ratio increased from 0.37 +/- 0.04 to 0.51 +/- 0.05 (p less than 0.01) in the denervated kidneys and from 0.26 +/- 0.03 to 0. ...	1989	2602950
[intracavitary high-dose-rate-afterloading-radiotherapy in the esophagus of the pig].	the tolerance of sound esophageal mucosa to intracavitary high dose rate afterloading contact therapy with unique doses of 6 gy and 12 gy, respectively, was investigated in 15 pigs. whereas no macroscopic or microscopic alterations of the mucosa are found after 6 gy, a unique application of 12 gy produces most severe side effects such as vascular occlusion due to fibrosis of the intima, formation of fistulas, and perforations of the esophagus wall. future investigations will have to aim at the e ...	1989	2603118
rapid laboratory diagnosis of cholera in the field.		1989	2603187
isolation of vibrio cholerae non-o1 from cerebrospinal fluid.		1989	2603194
bioluminescence of the insect pathogen xenorhabdus luminescens.	luminescence of batch cultures of xenorhabdus luminescens was maximal when cultures approached stationary phase; the onset of in vivo luminescence coincided with a burst of synthesis of bacterial luciferase, the enzyme responsible for luminescence. expression of luciferase was aldehyde limited at all stages of growth, although more so during the preinduction phase. luciferase was purified from cultures of x. luminescens hm to a specific activity of 4.6 x 10(13) guanta/s per mg of protein and fou ...	1989	2604399
extraction from prawn shells of substances cryoprotective for vibrio cholerae.	substances cryoprotective for vibrio cholerae were detected from prawn shells immersed in phosphate-buffered saline. this cryoprotective activity was heat resistant and sensitive to treatment with trypsin. for the exhibition of its full activity, the presence of mg ion was indispensable. the cryoprotective activity of this substance was more active than that of other known cryoprotectants, like glycerol or serum.	1989	2604409
cell envelope proteins of environmental vibrio cholerae non o1 isolates from albufera lake (valencia, spain) influence of some factors on omp expression.	the cell envelope proteins of 89 environmental vibrio cholerae non o1 strains isolated from lake and coastal waters near valencia, spain, and six vibrio cholerae strains from culture collections were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. considerable heterogeneity was found in the major proteins of the environmental non-o1 strains, but bands between 25,000 and 48,000 daltons were observed in the majority of the strains. estimated relative mobilities of the total ...	1989	2604845
an investigation of a cholera epidemic in butiama village of the mara region, tanzania.	an outbreak of cholera between 19 march and 10 april 1986 in butiama village of the mara region, tanzania, was investigated in a case-control study, to try to find out the source of infection and its mode of transmission. sixty-seven patients, including 11 deaths occurring before 29 march, were used to describe the epidemic, but 26 of the first patients were interviewed using a questionnaire, and each was compared with age and sex-matched healthy next-door neighbours. they were questioned about ...	1989	2607096
cardiopulmonary baroreflex control of brachial artery diameter in sustained essential hypertension.	an exaggerated reflex response of forearm resistance vessels following stimulation of cardiac mechanoreceptors has been observed in human hypertension. in the present study we analyze the possibility that such an increased response also involves the large brachial artery. for that purpose, the influence of leg elevation in subjects in a supine position on brachial artery diameter and blood flow velocity was studied in 12 healthy, normal males and 17 males of the same age with sustained essential ...	1989	2607141
increased prostaglandin synthesis in the unclipped kidney of one-kidney, one clip hypertensive rats.	reversal of one-kidney, one clip (1-k, 1c) hypertension by removal of the renal artery clip is accompanied by increased renal and vascular prostaglandin (pg) production. it was postulated that pg biosynthesis is stimulated in the unclipped hypertensive kidney. in order to test this hypothesis, we compared urinary excretion of pge2 and 6-keto-pgf1 alpha (a breakdown product of pgi2) in perfused kidneys isolated from 1-k, 1c hypertensive rats, 1-k, sham-clipped rats and 1-k, 1c rats which had fail ...	1989	2607143
attachment of toxigenic vibrio cholerae 01 to various freshwater plants and survival with a filamentous green alga, rhizoclonium fontanum.	in bangladesh, cholera epidemics occur twice a year. v. cholerae 01 are readily isolated from the environment only during epidemics. the interepidemic reservoirs or sites of survival and multiplication of v. cholerae are still unknown. investigations were carried out with various fresh-water plants as possible reservoirs of v. cholerae in the environment. attachment to and acute population changes of v. cholerae on various plant surfaces was used as a screening technique to screen a particular p ...	1989	2607573
isolation of medically significant vibrio species from riverine sources in south east queensland.	vibrio and vibrio-like bacteria were isolated from water, sediments, plants and faeces from eight riverine sites in south east queensland, australia, using filtrations, enrichments and selective growth on thiosulphate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (tcbs) and simidu agars. isolates (402 in toto) were classified by numerical analysis of phenotypic characteristics and comparison with fifteen reference cultures. of the isolates 41 (10.2%) were identified as vibrio cholerae, 33 (8.2%) as v. fluvialis an ...	1989	2607994
three dimensional observations of the palisade-shaped nerve endings of normal hair of rat's snout.	the nerve endings of normal hair of the rat's snout, partially digested with trypsin and hydrochloric acid, were studied by scanning electron microscopy. each lanceolate structure measured ca. 10 microns in length and was arranged around the hair follicle. these palisade-shaped nerve endings were situated almost beneath the sebaceous glands, ran upward, parallel to the axis of the hair follicle, and terminated in pointed shape. 2 kinds of cells, teloglia cell type i showing flat profile, and tel ...	1989	2610376
a somatic cell hybrid mapping panel for regional assignment of human chromosome 13 dna sequences.	we have constructed somatic cell hybrids containing different overlapping deletions involving human chromosome 13. cytogenetic characterisation of the breakpoints allowed division of the chromosome into six distinct regions. molecular characterisation of these hybrids allowed regional assignment of anonymous dna sequences, cdnas, and isoenzyme variants and these hybrids should prove valuable in the analysis and isolation of genes and disease loci on chromosome 13.	1989	2612208
a somatic cell hybrid mapping panel for regional assignment of human chromosome 13 dna sequences.	we have constructed somatic cell hybrids containing different overlapping deletions involving human chromosome 13. cytogenetic characterisation of the breakpoints allowed division of the chromosome into six distinct regions. molecular characterisation of these hybrids allowed regional assignment of anonymous dna sequences, cdnas, and isoenzyme variants and these hybrids should prove valuable in the analysis and isolation of genes and disease loci on chromosome 13.	1989	2612208
effects of postnatal dexamethasone treatment on development of alveoli in adult rats.	we compared the effects of dexamethasone given to rats from age 4 to 14 days, on alveolar development at age 99 days. judged by similar nose-to-tail length and body weight, somatic growth was not altered by dexamethasone treatment. lung volumes in both air- and saline-filled lungs and mean chord length (lm) were increased, whereas alveolar surface area (sa) and surface-to-volume ratio (s/v) were diminished in dexamethasone-treated adult rats. these changes were associated with a significant redu ...	1989	2612450
effects of postnatal dexamethasone treatment on development of alveoli in adult rats.	we compared the effects of dexamethasone given to rats from age 4 to 14 days, on alveolar development at age 99 days. judged by similar nose-to-tail length and body weight, somatic growth was not altered by dexamethasone treatment. lung volumes in both air- and saline-filled lungs and mean chord length (lm) were increased, whereas alveolar surface area (sa) and surface-to-volume ratio (s/v) were diminished in dexamethasone-treated adult rats. these changes were associated with a significant redu ...	1989	2612450
pathophysiological variations in the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity.	the effects of fasting, diabetes, cholestasis, two-third hepatectomy and adrenalectomy on the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity were studied. our results show a significant decrease of the enzyme activity during fasting (-50%), during experimental diabetes (-50%), in regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy (-70%) and after extrahepatic cholestasis (-70%). no modifications are noted when the rats are bilaterally adrenalectomized. these findings suggest that the enzyme acti ...	1989	2612451
pathophysiological variations in the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity.	the effects of fasting, diabetes, cholestasis, two-third hepatectomy and adrenalectomy on the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity were studied. our results show a significant decrease of the enzyme activity during fasting (-50%), during experimental diabetes (-50%), in regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy (-70%) and after extrahepatic cholestasis (-70%). no modifications are noted when the rats are bilaterally adrenalectomized. these findings suggest that the enzyme acti ...	1989	2612451
human lung membrane-bound neutral metallo-endopeptidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of bradykinin.	human lung membrane-bound neutral metallo-endopeptidase (nme; ec 3.4.24.11) has been purified; this enzyme occurred in two forms, nme-i and nme-ii. the total nme activity was purified 2,143-fold with the final specific activities for nme-i and nme-ii being 750 and 1,124, respectively. the two nme forms were resolved in the final purification step involving ion exchange; in all earlier steps including gel filtration and affinity chromatography (phenyl sepharose) both forms behaved similarly and e ...	1989	2612455
human lung membrane-bound neutral metallo-endopeptidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of bradykinin.	human lung membrane-bound neutral metallo-endopeptidase (nme; ec 3.4.24.11) has been purified; this enzyme occurred in two forms, nme-i and nme-ii. the total nme activity was purified 2,143-fold with the final specific activities for nme-i and nme-ii being 750 and 1,124, respectively. the two nme forms were resolved in the final purification step involving ion exchange; in all earlier steps including gel filtration and affinity chromatography (phenyl sepharose) both forms behaved similarly and e ...	1989	2612455
prp (proline-rich protein) genes linked to markers es-12 (esterase-12), ea-10 (erythrocyte alloantigen), and loci on distal mouse chromosome 6.	the closely linked proline-rich protein (prp) genes, coding for abundant salivary proteins, are located on distal mouse chromosome 6. they are part of a conserved linkage group that is represented on human chromosome 12p. two other markers, ea-10 and es-12, that were previously unassigned to a chromosome are closely linked to prp genes in the mouse.	1989	2613230
a ca2(+)-sensitive glycoprotein, gp90, associated with the cytoskeleton from brain and gizzard.	we describe here the expression during development, tissue distribution and molecular properties of gp90: a major concanavalin a (cona)-binding glycoprotein present in the neuronal membrane skeleton from chicken brain. gp90 is co-isolated with, and has a similar developmental profile to contactin (previously called gp130). in whole brain, gp90 undergoes rapid synthesis between embryonic days 10 and 12. unlike contactin, it is not restricted to nervous tissue and is quite abundant in gizzard, whe ...	1989	2613760
reduced renal prepro-epidermal growth factor mrna and decreased egf excretion in arf.	levels of prepro epidermal growth factor (egf) mrna in renal cortical tissue and urinary egf excretion have been determined during cisplatin and ischemia-induced acute renal failure in the rat. northern analysis of polyadenylated rnas of kidney cortical tissue showed diminished renal preproegf mrna in rats injected with cisplatin (5 mg/kg). the decrease in preproegf mrna occurred as early as 12 hours in the kidney and persisted for at least three days after cisplatin injection. the submandibular ...	1989	2615190
[isolation of vibrio cholerae non 01 from sewage in argentina].	the vibrio cholerae non 01 closely related to the classic choleric vibrio epidemic has acquired worldwide importance during the last decade, with outbreaks of diarrheas, septicemia and other disorders in humans and animals. contaminated food and water and also liquids from sewers offer important steps in the transmission chain. its isolation in the atlantic and pacific coast has led us to investigate its presence in our country, using sewage for the first study. we isolated for the first time in ...	1989	2616773
comparative trial of erythromycin and sulphatrimethoprim in the treatment of tetracycline-resistant vibrio cholerae o1.	the efficacy of the 2 antimicrobial compounds, erythromycin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, were compared in the treatment of the clinical symptoms of cholera and the eradication of vibrio cholerae o1 organisms from the stools of patients infected with tetracycline-resistant strains. 47 patients with a clinical diagnosis of cholera, without prior antibiotic therapy, were included in the trial and received either erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, or a placebo twice daily. the mean ...	1989	2617655
depletion of hepatic glycogen in the hypoglycaemia of fatal childhood diarrhoeal illnesses.	to determine whether depletion of liver glycogen or accumulation of liver fat (steatosis) was associated with the development of hypoglycaemia in children with fatal diarrhoeal illnesses, a case-control study was carried out comparing 17 children who had blood sugars less than or equal to 30 mg/dl with 17 age matched control children who had blood sugars greater than or equal to 59 mg/dl. the most common causes of diarrhoea in the hypoglycaemic children were shigella sp. and vibrio cholerae. the ...	1989	2617656
indomethacin blocks the anorexic action of interleukin-1.	it has been reported recently that the central nervous system actions of interleukin-1 are mediated by the prostaglandin system in the brain. the present study was therefore performed in order to examine the hypothesis that indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, might alleviate the interleukin-1-induced suppression of food intake in rats. the i.p. injection of interleukin-1 (2 micrograms/rat) resulted in a significant decrease in food intake. the pre-injection of indomethacin ...	1989	2620696
indomethacin blocks the anorexic action of interleukin-1.	it has been reported recently that the central nervous system actions of interleukin-1 are mediated by the prostaglandin system in the brain. the present study was therefore performed in order to examine the hypothesis that indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, might alleviate the interleukin-1-induced suppression of food intake in rats. the i.p. injection of interleukin-1 (2 micrograms/rat) resulted in a significant decrease in food intake. the pre-injection of indomethacin ...	1989	2620696
water quality and isolation of vibrio cholerae non-o1 from an aquatic environment.	according to reports hitherto on the isolation of vibrio cholerae non-o1 from the environment, environmental conditions at the time of detection differ depending on whether isolation is from the sea or rivers. we based this study on two rivers of differing water quality and studied the trend of a bacteria indicator to observe the conditions of existence of v. cholerae non-o1. 1) it was thought that v. cholerae non-o1 did not flow from the land or other areas of pollution but existed at those poi ...	1989	2621385
increased microvascular resistance to blood flow in the rat hindlimb after perfusion with neuraminidase.	1. the ability of blood to flow through capillaries with diameters smaller than that of erythrocytes and leucocytes has been explained hypothetically on the basis of electrostatic repulsion between vessel walls and circulating cells, but in the absence of in vivo evidence. following our discovery of extraordinarily high densities of sialic acids on endothelial surfaces, we have now devised experiments to determine to what extent microcirculatory blood flow might depend on these negative charges. ...	1989	2621627
augmentation of recombinant interleukin-2-dependent murine macrophage-mediated tumour cytotoxicity by recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha.	the activation of murine macrophages by recombinant human interleukin-2 (rh-il-2) alone or in combination with recombinant human tumour necrosis factor-alpha (rh-tnf) was studied. mouse peritoneal exudate macrophages were activated in vitro to the tumouricidal state. macrophage treatment with rh-il-2 alone slightly enhanced cytotoxic activity against b16 melanoma cells. synergism was observed when macrophages were treated with rh-il-2 and rh-tnf, either when applied sequentially or when both age ...	1989	2625358
method for rapid separation of 3,5,3'-triiodothyroacetic acid in human serum by fast protein liquid chromatography.	the 3,5,3'-triiodothyroacetic acid (triac) has been approved as a valuable agent in the management of hyperthyroidism secondary to inappropriate secretion of thyrotropin. we have developed a fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) method for separation and quantification of triac. serum samples charged with triac were extracted with methanol/ammonium acetate, the supernatants were evaporated to dryness, reconstituted in naoh and injected on a reversed phase column for chromatography. for separ ...	1989	2627761
evaluation of coagglutination test for serotyping of enteropathogenic bacteria.	results of conventional agglutination and coagglutination (coa) tests for serotyping of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec), shigella, salmonella and vibrio cholerae were compared. eighty isolates of different serotypes of epec falling in the wellcome polyvalent (ok) 2, 3 and 4 antisera, showed good (4+) agglutination with coa reagent up to 1:960 dilution. out of 50 strains of shigella species tested, 25 of sh. dysenteriae and 5 of sh. sonnei gave good reaction up to 1:1920 dilution and 15 ...	1989	2628290
chemical modification of neutral protease from bacillus subtilis var. amylosacchariticus with tetranitromethane: assignment of tyrosyl residues nitrated.	a neutral protease from bacillus subtilis var. amylosacchariticus was modified with tetranitromethane (tnm) at ph 8.0 for 1 h at 25 degrees c, by which treatment the proteolytic activity toward casein was markedly reduced, whereas activity changes toward n-blocked peptide substrates were variable depending upon the substrate used. the modified enzyme was digested with a staphylococcus aureus v8 protease at ph 7.9 and the resultant peptides were separated by hplc. two peptides which contain nitro ...	1989	2628428
isolation and fundamental properties of a phospholipase a2 inhibitor from the blood plasma of trimeresurus flavoviridis.	phospholipase a2 inhibitor was purified from the blood plasma of habu, trimeresurus flavoviridis, by sephadex g-200 gel filtration, deae-cellulose chromatography, and blue-sepharose cl-6b column chromatography. the purified inhibitor was shown to be a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of about 100k. it was found to consist of four subunits whose molecular weights were around 20-24k. in order to examine the inhibition mechanism of the inhibitor, the interaction of the inhibitor with a phosphol ...	1989	2628432
the rat 78,000 dalton glucose-regulated protein (grp78) as a precursor for the rat steroidogenesis-activator polypeptide (sap): the sap coding sequence is homologous with the terminal end of grp78.	based on the striking sequence identity between the amino acid sequence of rat steroidogenesis-activator polypeptide (sap) and the carboxyl terminus of the 78,000 dalton glucose-regulated protein (grp78), the precursor-product relationship between grp78 and sap was investigated in leydig cells. immunoblot analysis with peptide antibodies specific for grp78 and sap showed that the putative sap precursor is also immunoreactive with the anti-grp78 antibody. genomic blot hybridizations further revea ...	1989	2628731
regulation of carboxypeptidase h gene expression in magnocellular neurons: response to osmotic stimulation.	carboxypeptidase h (cph) is a peptide-processing enzyme thought to be involved in the synthesis of many neuropeptides, including vasopressin (vp) and oxytocin (ot). in this study, employing in situ hybridization histochemistry, we have shown that cph mrna is abundantly expressed in the magnocellular paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus, the primary sites of ot and vp synthesis. since this enzyme is copackaged in secretory vesicles and hence coreleased with the neurohypophysi ...	1989	2628743
isolation of inhibitors of adenylate cyclase from dan-shen, the root of salvia miltiorrhiza.	the effect of dan-shen extract, the root of salvia miltiorrhiza, on adenylate cyclase was investigated in both rat brain and rat erythrocytes. the etoac fraction of the meoh extract was proved to have significant inhibitory activity. potent inhibitory principles in the etoac fraction were isolated and identified as 4 polyphenolic acids, rosemarinic acid, lithospermic acid, and their methyl ester derivatives.	1989	2630095
an investigation on the safety of rewashed gloves.	despite recommendations from the department of health and human services, some dental professionals are using rewashed gloves. to study the effects of repeated washings, latex gloves were washed up to 50 times and tested for defects before and after washing. then, to investigate the safety of rewashed gloves, they were contaminated with either bacteriophage viruses or staphylococcus epidermidis. after application of four commonly used hand-washing solutions, the contaminated gloves were washed o ...	1989	2630616
an investigation on the safety of rewashed gloves.	despite recommendations from the department of health and human services, some dental professionals are using rewashed gloves. to study the effects of repeated washings, latex gloves were washed up to 50 times and tested for defects before and after washing. then, to investigate the safety of rewashed gloves, they were contaminated with either bacteriophage viruses or staphylococcus epidermidis. after application of four commonly used hand-washing solutions, the contaminated gloves were washed o ...	1989	2630616
[determination of egf receptors (epidermal growth factor) in the placenta and breast tumors].	receptors for epidermal growth factor (egf) have been identified in different types of tumors and they are often associated with other characteristics which are related to a bad prognosis. a technic has been established to measure membrane receptors in human placenta, which is appropriate for the study of tumors. preparations of placental membranes were incubated either with increasing amounts (0.1 to 3.0, 10(-9) m) of egf labeled with 125i (method by saturation) or with 0.2, 10(-9) m labeled eg ...	1989	2631030
[detection of streptococci from various serological groups in animals].	during the period from 1985 to 1988 we determined 228 strains of streptococci isolated from samples of various sorts of biomaterials, mainly animals. from this set of streptococci we classified 207 strains into serological groups according to the lancefield classification and about 30% strains into species by means of serological and biochemical methods. most of the strains were allocated to group c (37.28%) and group q (17.39%). 89 streptococci strains originated from pigs, 40 strains from hors ...	1989	2631378
studies on the optimal immunization schedule of the mouse as an experimental animal. the effect of antigen dose and adjuvant type.	this study was undertaken to establish the optimal immunogen dose for immunization of mice, using a viomycin-protein conjugate as a hapten immunogen. it was found that specific immunoglobulin g (igg) formation depends on both the dose of antigen and the type of adjuvant: the optimal antigen dose for an immune response is quite different depending on whether the mice are being treated with freund's complete adjuvant (fca) or freund's incomplete adjuvant (fica). the total igg amount depends mainly ...	1989	2632052
studies on the optimal immunization schedule of the mouse as an experimental animal. the effect of antigen dose and adjuvant type.	this study was undertaken to establish the optimal immunogen dose for immunization of mice, using a viomycin-protein conjugate as a hapten immunogen. it was found that specific immunoglobulin g (igg) formation depends on both the dose of antigen and the type of adjuvant: the optimal antigen dose for an immune response is quite different depending on whether the mice are being treated with freund's complete adjuvant (fca) or freund's incomplete adjuvant (fica). the total igg amount depends mainly ...	1989	2632052
increased transport of theophylline into gastrointestinal lumen and gastrointestinal dialysis by activated charcoal in rats with hepatic cirrhosis.	the characteristics of exsorption and/or excretion of theophylline into the small intestinal lumen in rats with hepatic cirrhosis (hc rats) induced by carbon tetrachloride were investigated by an in situ single-pass perfusion technique. the serum concentrations of theophylline after i.v. administration of aminophylline (10 mg/kg) in the hc rats were significantly higher than those in normal rats during the experimental period. moreover, the exsorption of theophylline from blood into the intestin ...	1989	2632064
increased transport of theophylline into gastrointestinal lumen and gastrointestinal dialysis by activated charcoal in rats with hepatic cirrhosis.	the characteristics of exsorption and/or excretion of theophylline into the small intestinal lumen in rats with hepatic cirrhosis (hc rats) induced by carbon tetrachloride were investigated by an in situ single-pass perfusion technique. the serum concentrations of theophylline after i.v. administration of aminophylline (10 mg/kg) in the hc rats were significantly higher than those in normal rats during the experimental period. moreover, the exsorption of theophylline from blood into the intestin ...	1989	2632064
studies on medicinal resources from livestock. i. anti-allergic effects of pig bile. (1).	anti-allergic activities of animal biles and commercially available bile acids were evaluated in experimental allergic disease models. pig bile exhibited marked preventive effects on the models of delayed-type hypersensitivity (type iv allergy), picryl chloride-induced contact dermatitis (pc-cd) and sheep red blood cells (srbc)-induced footpad swelling in mice. fel ursi (dried bear gallbladder) also had an inhibitory effect on pc-cd, whereas ox bile, chicken bile and bile acids had no effect on ...	1989	2632089
studies on medicinal resources from livestock. i. anti-allergic effects of pig bile. (1).	anti-allergic activities of animal biles and commercially available bile acids were evaluated in experimental allergic disease models. pig bile exhibited marked preventive effects on the models of delayed-type hypersensitivity (type iv allergy), picryl chloride-induced contact dermatitis (pc-cd) and sheep red blood cells (srbc)-induced footpad swelling in mice. fel ursi (dried bear gallbladder) also had an inhibitory effect on pc-cd, whereas ox bile, chicken bile and bile acids had no effect on ...	1989	2632089
carriage of enteric bacterial pathogens by house flies in yangon, myanmar.	the carriage of enteric bacterial pathogens by house flies, caught from different places of human habitation and at different seasons, was quantitatively determined in the town of tamwe, yangon, myanmar. a total of 186 fly-pools, each containing 10 live flies, were caught in entomological cages by random sampling regarding season, month, frequency and place of collection. a 10% suspension of each homogenised fly-pool in sterile normal saline was prepared on the day of collection and was cultured ...	1989	2632639
bacterial and viral causes of acute diarrhoea in children in kuwait.	bacterial and viral causes of acute diarrhoea were studied prospectively for one year in 343 hospitalised young children in kuwait. in 288 (84%) patients, one or more pathogens were identified compared with 12 of 86 (13.9%) children admitted with diseases other than diarrhoea (p less than 0.01). forty-four (12.9%) of the patients were infected with two or more pathogens. viral agents detected in the stools were rotaviruses (40.2%), enteric adenoviruses (1.7%), and enteroviruses (1.5%). enterobac ...	1989	2632640
partial characterization of mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium smegmatis auxotrophs by syntrophism using bacillus subtilis.	syntrophism (cross-feeding) could be demonstrated between mutants of mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium smegmatis, and previously characterized mutants of bacillus subtilis, auxotrophic for arginine, histidine, lysine or phenylalanine. based on this cross-feeding data, the possible site of blockage in the biosynthetic pathways of the mutants could be inferred.	1989	2632668
influence of naproxen on uterine pgf2 alpha and the antifertility effect of iuds in rats.	an iud was implanted into one horn of the uterus in each of our experimental rats. the animals were mated with males of proven fertility about 2 weeks later. at day 1 of gestation (positive mating smear), the animals were treated with oral naproxen at 2 mg/kg per day or 20 mg/kg per day for 10 consecutive days. control animals received saline. at day 16 the animals were sacrificed and the implantation rates and fetal survival and pregnancy rates were determined. the iud completely prevented feta ...	1989	2633796
short chain fatty acid-induced colitis in mice.	short-chain fatty acids (e.g. acetic, propionic and butyric acid) are metabolic products produced by colonic bacteria. since intra-rectal instillation of dilute acetic acid to rats and cats has been reported to produce a diffuse colitis similar to the human disease, in our study we have investigated the effect of intra-rectal butyric acid in mice. male bka mice (n = 6) received 01 ml of dilute butyric acid by intra-rectal instillation which was flushed out with saline after 10 sec. control anima ...	1989	2634625
effect of estrogen on platelet aggregation in guinea pigs.	this experiment was carried out to explore the effect of estrogen on platelet aggregation, using hartly strain guinea pigs. for the in vivo experiments, estradiol benzoate 1 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg was injected into male guinea pigs to observe the effects of this drug on platelet aggregation. in vitro studies were performed by incubating platelet-rich plasma with estradiol benzoate for 30 minutes at 37 degrees c. aggregation was induced by the addition of aggregating agents: adenosine diphosphate (adp, ...	1989	2634732
effect of estrogen on platelet aggregation in guinea pigs.	this experiment was carried out to explore the effect of estrogen on platelet aggregation, using hartly strain guinea pigs. for the in vivo experiments, estradiol benzoate 1 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg was injected into male guinea pigs to observe the effects of this drug on platelet aggregation. in vitro studies were performed by incubating platelet-rich plasma with estradiol benzoate for 30 minutes at 37 degrees c. aggregation was induced by the addition of aggregating agents: adenosine diphosphate (adp, ...	1989	2634732
experimental allograft in spinal fusion in dogs.	fifty-six dogs were used for the comparison of the allogenous and autogenous bone graft in anterior interbody and posterior spinal fusion. excluding 7 cases with wound infections, the end results of the allograft and autograft in anterior interbody and posterior spinal fusion were nearly the same, provided that the rules of technique for the spinal fusion were strictly followed, especially in the allograft group. grossly, there was a reduction tendency in the fusion mass of the allograft group t ...	1989	2634734
experimental allograft in spinal fusion in dogs.	fifty-six dogs were used for the comparison of the allogenous and autogenous bone graft in anterior interbody and posterior spinal fusion. excluding 7 cases with wound infections, the end results of the allograft and autograft in anterior interbody and posterior spinal fusion were nearly the same, provided that the rules of technique for the spinal fusion were strictly followed, especially in the allograft group. grossly, there was a reduction tendency in the fusion mass of the allograft group t ...	1989	2634734
cholera epidemic and natural disasters; where is the link.	in may 1985, a cyclone and tidal surge devastated sandwip, an island off the southern corner of bangladesh. within one week after this disaster a cholera epidemic broke out. it resulted in 12,194 registered cases and 51 deaths. the factors contributing to the occurrence of the epidemic are analyzed.	1989	2635456
dosimetric equivalence of tar deposition in rodents and man.	it has proved very difficult to produce cancer in laboratory animals following the inhalation of tar from cigarette smoke. amongst other factors, this may be due to the dose that animals get in comparison to humans. data reported here suggest that the average dose to the bronchial region of the lung, estimated using radiotracer techniques, may be a factor of 4 lower. the local dose to the carinal is also discussed; this may be lower still.	1989	2637178
non-o:1 vibrio cholerae bacteremia.		1989	2638813
distribution, oxygenation, and clonogenicity of macrophages in a murine tumor.	transplantable murine tumors, such as the squamous cell carcinoma growing in c3h mice, include a significant proportion of normal cells. the nature of these cells, their locations relative to the blood supply, their oxygenation status, and ability to incorporate 3h-thymidine were examined by sorting cells staining positive or negative with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated goat antimouse igg. of the cells that were recovered from this tumor, 39% +/- 19 (n = 25) were igg+ cells, and this perc ...	1989	2639726
an epidemic of vibrio cholerae el tor inaba resistant to several antibiotics with a conjugative group c plasmid coding for type ii dihydrofolate reductase in thailand.	between june and october 1982, vibrio cholerae el tor inaba phage type russian 13, resistant to ampicillin (ap), chloramphenicol (cm), colistin, neomycin (nm), kanamycin (km), gentamicin (gm), trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz), and tetracycline (tc), was isolated from 31 children with diarrhea at a hospital in samutsakorn, thailand. thirty of these children were less than 2 years of age and were admitted to a single pediatric ward. seventeen of the cases, infected with v. cholerae (marv) r ...	1989	2641646
an eltor cholera outbreak in an endemic community of calcutta.		1989	2641736
an outbreak of eltor cholera in rural population of barmer in rajasthan state of india, aug-sep 1987.		1989	2641752
controlled clinical trial of adjuvant immunotherapy with bcg and neuraminidase-treated autologous tumour cells in large bowel cancer.	a controlled, randomised clinical trial of immunotherapy was performed in 301 patients with stage b or c colorectal cancer. the immunotherapy treatment consisted of 18 vaccinations over a 2 year period following surgery with a combination of bcg given by scarification plus subcutaneous injection of vibrio cholera neuraminidase (vcn)-modified autologous tumour cells. five year follow-up has now been completed in all patients. the immunotherapy did not alter either the disease-free interval or the ...	1989	2642566
lack of umudc gene functions in vibrio cholerae cells.	attempts to identify an umudc analog, using interspecific complementation of escherichia coli mutants with plasmids containing a gene bank of vibrio cholerae, were not successful. the dna from none of the vibrio species examined including marine vibrios hybridized to e. coli umuc and umud gene sequences. these cells are not mutable by ultraviolet (uv) light and cannot weigle-reactivate uv-irradiated choleraphages, suggesting that vibrios are deficient in the umudc operon. this possibility is sup ...	1989	2642599
large-scale purification of human islets utilizing discontinuous albumin gradient on ibm 2991 cell separator.	a new method is described for the large-scale purification of human pancreatic islets with a discontinuous gradient of bovine serum albumin formed on an ibm 2991 cell separator. fifteen human pancreases were processed, and after density-gradient centrifugation, a mean of 2643 islets/ml pancreatic digest were recovered with a mean purity of 63% and contained in 430 microliter mean vol. viability of gradient-isolated islets was compared with that of non-density-gradient islets (handpicked) and sho ...	1989	2642839
effects of hypercortisolemia and diabetes on skeletal muscle insulin receptor function in vitro and in vivo.	activation of skeletal muscle insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in vitro and in vivo was studied in two rat models of insulin resistance: insulinopenic diabetes and hypercortisolemia. in control rats, intravenous insulin administration resulted in dose-dependent in vivo activation of the muscle insulin receptor kinase towards histone h2b. half-maximal and maximal activation were observed 5 min after injecting 0.1 and 0.5 u insulin/100 g, respectively. diabetes (7 days) induced with streptozotocin ...	1989	2643342
chemotactic properties of rat immunoglobulins and immune complexes.	the effect of rat immunoglobulins and immune complexes on the locomotor function of rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) was investigated in vitro. rat immunoglobulin g1 (igg1), igg2a, igg2b, and iga monoclonal antibodies specific for the dinitrophenyl hapten were used. both monomeric and polymeric iga showed chemotactic activity in a dose-dependent manner. igg1 and igg2b also induced a dose-dependent locomotor response of pmn, but the nature of the induced migration was chemokinetic (enhancin ...	1989	2643569
chemotactic properties of rat immunoglobulins and immune complexes.	the effect of rat immunoglobulins and immune complexes on the locomotor function of rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) was investigated in vitro. rat immunoglobulin g1 (igg1), igg2a, igg2b, and iga monoclonal antibodies specific for the dinitrophenyl hapten were used. both monomeric and polymeric iga showed chemotactic activity in a dose-dependent manner. igg1 and igg2b also induced a dose-dependent locomotor response of pmn, but the nature of the induced migration was chemokinetic (enhancin ...	1989	2643569
two hypotheses on the feedback regulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion.	we review the mechanisms underlying the feedback regulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion in response to a meal. pancreatic enzyme secretion in the rat and pig is known to be regulated by a negative feedback mechanism mediated by intestinal trypsin and chymotrypsin. such a mechanism has recently been noted in humans. the presence of these enzymes in the small intestine suppresses pancreatic enzyme secretion, whereas their removal increases it. two novel peptides have been proposed to account fo ...	1989	2644146
plasmid dna analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis on an epidemic-associated strain of trimethoprim resistant shiga's bacillus from gimira wereda (keffa administrative region, southwest ethiopia).	a combination of genetic mating experiments and plasmid dna analysis by gel electrophoresis was carried out on an epidemic-associated shiga's bacillus with resistance type acssuttp, isolated in 1983 from gimira wereda, keffa administrative region, south west ethiopia. the donor strain contained 9 plasmid species. their sizes in megadaltons (mdal) were: 120, 40, 35, 12.5, 6.0, 5.1, 4.3, 2.5 and 1.7. analysis of escherichia coli k12 transconjugants revealed that the 40, 35, and 4.3 mdal plasmids c ...	1989	2646117
dexamethasone regulation of the expression of cytokine mrnas induced by interleukin-1 in the astrocytoma cell line u373mg.	bsf-2/il-6, gm-csf and il-1 beta mrnas were induced by recombinant il-1 in human astrocytoma cell line u373mg. the induction of bsf-2/il-6 and il-1 beta mrnas did not require de novo protein synthesis while that of gm-csf mrna required a newly synthesized protein. dexamethasone inhibited the induction of these cytokine mrnas by il-1. this process seems to require continued protein synthesis. these results suggest that the production of these cytokines are positively and negatively controlled by ...	1989	2646146
identification of toxs, a regulatory gene whose product enhances toxr-mediated activation of the cholera toxin promoter.	we describe the cloning of the toxs gene from vibrio cholerae e1 tor strain e7946. this gene lies downstream from the toxr gene, which encodes the transcriptional activator for the cholera toxin (ctx) operon in v. cholerae. we show that toxs acts in conjunction with toxr to activate expression of the ctx operon in escherichia coli. the classical strain 569b, which is attenuated for virulance but which synthesizes high levels of cholera toxin in vitro, carries a deletion of 1.2 kilobase pairs of ...	1989	2646275
[has human brucellosis disappeared from switzerland?].		1989	2646675
[adsorption potency of 2 clays, smectite and kaolin on bacterial enterotoxins. in vitro study in cell culture and in the intestine of newborn mice].	the use of clays in the treatment of enterocolitis is justified by their ability to adsorb viruses, biliary acids and bacterial toxins secreted into the intestinal lumen. we have studied the in vitro inactivation of the lt toxins of vibrio cholerae and e. coli, the st toxin of etec and the verotoxin of ehec. these various toxins were incubated with two types of clays, smectite and kaolin, to investigate the influence of dose, ph variations and the duration of contact of the clays with the toxins ...	1989	2647564
use of megestrol acetate in cats.		1989	2647696
a theoretical approach to school-based hiv prevention.	to develop effective school-based programs to prevent the spread of aids, programmers must apply principles related to learning and behavior change. due to the complexity of influencing contemporary adolescent sexual behavior, a multidisciplinary approach using multiple intervention strategies is essential. health promotion efforts should include policy mandates, direct intervention, instruction, environmental support, media, role modeling, and social support. consistent, continuous messages thr ...	1989	2648068
oral and pharyngeal candidiasis. topical agents for management and prevention.	about half of the general population harbors candida species in oral flora, and oral candidal infections are common. however, in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patients, candidiasis may progress to life-threatening systemic disease. patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, hiv disease, diabetes, or leukemia are particularly prone to serious systemic infection. chemotherapy for cancer and bone marrow and organ transplantation also provide physio ...	1989	2648372
alteration of proteins reacting with antibody to toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 by endogenous proteases of staphylococcus aureus.	many cases of toxic shock syndrome (tss) have been associated with staphylococcus aureus strains that produce in vitro a 22,000-dalton protein called toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tsst-1). tsst-1 has been shown to be linked phenotypically to the production of the type ii (thiol) staphylococcal protease; however, some strains clearly associated with tss do not produce tsst-1. with the use of a variety of antibodies to tsst-1, representatives of both tsst-1-positive and tsst-1-negative tss-associa ...	1989	2648536
bacterial growth and toxin production in ileostomy effluents.	escherichia coli (2), vibrio cholerae (2) and aeromonas sobria (1) strains were examined for their ability to grow and produce toxins in samples of ileostomy fluid. three categories of response were observed: no detectable growth, growth without detectable toxin, and growth with detectable toxin. clear differences were apparent between samples of ileostomy fluid obtained from different individuals and between samples obtained from the same individual at different times. the patterns of response ...	1989	2649680
glycosylation is not required for the fusion activity of the g protein of vesicular stomatitis virus in insect cells.	the gene encoding the complete glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv, indiana serotype g protein) with potential asparagine-linked glycans at amino acid residues 179 and 338 was inserted into a baculovirus transfer vector pacym1, derived from the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of autographa californica (acnpv). the gene was placed under the control of the acnpv polyhedrin promotor and expressed by the derived recombinant viruses to high levels in spodoptera frugiperda cell lines. the princ ...	1989	2650461
relevance of hepatitis b viral dna in assessment of potential liver allograft recipients.		1989	2652828
amino acid sequence of a 15 kilodalton actin-binding fragment of turkey gizzard caldesmon: similarity with dystrophin, tropomyosin and the tropomyosin-binding region of troponin t.	we have determined the amino acid sequence of a 15 kda actin-binding fragment of turkey gizzard caldesmon. the 96-residue fragment contains 29 acidic and 29 basic residues, and is predicted to have an extended helical conformation stabilized by numerous internal salt bridges. cad15 bears some resemblance to dystrophin, tropomyosin and several other proteins, but is most strikingly similar to the tropomyosin-binding segment of troponin t.	1989	2653315
campylobacter jejuni chromosomal sequences that hybridize to vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli lt enterotoxin genes.	campylobacter jejuni is one of the main etiologic agents of gastrointestinal illness in developing and developed areas throughout the world. isolation of enterotoxin-producing c. jejuni has been associated with clinical symptoms of a watery-secretory type of diarrhea. although physiological and immunological relatedness has been demonstrated between the c. jejuni enterotoxin (cjt), the vibrio cholerae enterotoxin (ct), and the heat-labile cholera-like escherichia coli enterotoxin (lt), nucleotid ...	1989	2653963
chromosomal transfer and in vivo cloning of genes in vibrio cholerae using rp4::mini-mu.	the rp4::mini-mu replicon has been used to transfer chromosomal genes by conjugation and to clone in vivo metabolic, toxin and flagellar genes of vibrio cholerae. rp4::mini-mu was introduced into several strains of v. cholerae and these strains were mated with v. cholerae or escherichia coli k-12 recipients. r'-episomes carrying the respective genes were maintained in reca recipients and were detected by complementation of auxotrophic, nontoxinogenic and aflagellate mutations in v. cholerae.	1989	2653964
heterogeneity of the exocrine pancreas.	the exocrine pancreas is generally considered to be a homogeneous organ at the morphological and functional levels. recent work, reviewed here, has provided multiple reasons to question this. morphologically, differences have been found in cell size and digestive enzyme content in "peri-" vs. "teleinsular" acini by methods including acinar separation, enzyme assay, and both light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. detection of several blood group antigens in human acinar tissue showed ...	1989	2655473
in situ survival of vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli in a tropical rain forest watershed.	for 12 months, vibrio cholerae and fecal coliform densities were monitored along with nine other water quality parameters at 12 sites in a rain forest watershed in puerto rico. densities of v. cholerae and fecal coliforms were not significantly correlated, even though the highest densities of both bacteria were found at a sewage outfall. high densities of v. cholerae were also found at pristine sites at the highest point in the watershed. the density of escherichia coli and v. cholerae in membra ...	1989	2655536
control of diarrheal diseases.	the tremendous advances made in the control of diarrheal diseases in the past few years indicate what more can be achieved. even though the lives of an estimated three quarters of a million children are being saved each year, over three million children are still dying from readily preventable diarrheal disease. the challenge is to build on the successes thus far, to learn from experience, to promote changes in health habits that will prevent diarrhea, and to make all of these activities sustain ...	1989	2655632
1h-nmr studies of synthetic polypeptide models of plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein tandemly repeated sequence.	the major immunodominant region of the coating protein of plasmodium falciparum sporozoites contains multiple tandem copies of the sequence asn-ala-asn-pro (nanp). current efforts for the development of an antisporozoite vaccine are focused on the synthesis of polypeptides reproducing part of the circumsporozoite protein repeat sequence and, in an attempt to relate conformational properties and biological response, 1h-nmr one- and two-dimensional studies of the synthetic models (nanp)2na and (na ...	1989	2655733
effects of peptidases on non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic inhibitory responses of tracheal smooth muscle: a comparison with effects on vip- and phi-induced relaxation.	1. the effects of peptidase enzymes on non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (nanc) inhibitory responses of guinea-pig trachea to electrical field stimulation (efs), and on relaxations induced by vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) and peptide histidine isoleucine (phi) have been examined. 2. alpha-chymotrypsin reduced both the magnitude and, particularly, the duration of the inhibitory response to efs, whereas papain reduced only the magnitude. aprotinin, a peptidase inhibitor prevented the effects o ...	1989	2655804
detection of antigens from gram-negative bacilli in urine of children with urinary tract infections. i. common antigen of enterobacteriaceae.	enterobacterial common antigen (eca) has attracted considerable interest since the original publication by kunin in 1962. in the present study we demonstrated this antigen directly in the urine from patients with urinary tract infections (uti) elicited by enterobacteria. sheep erythrocytes were incubated with uti urine; this resulted in their coating with eca, which was studied by means of hemagglutination by anti-eca serum. test tube hemagglutination and the more simple slide hemagglutination w ...	1989	2656534
asymmetric dna bending induced by the yeast multifunctional factor tuf.	tuf is a yeast regulatory factor that binds to conserved dna sequence elements involved in gene activation or silencing as well as in telomere function. using gel electrophoresis analyses, we show here that tuf induces dna bending at a site located upstream of the recognition sequence (rpg box). several point mutations in the rpg box reduced tuf binding strength without affecting the extent of bending. selective proteolysis of tuf.dna complexes further suggested the existence of two separate pro ...	1989	2656680
[survey on overseas traveller's diarrhea at narita airport quarantine station--the species of bacteria isolated and the suspected countries for infection].		1989	2657132
[clinical features of overseas travellers' infectious enteritis admitted in the hospitals for infectious diseases].		1989	2657133
hormonal regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression is mediated through modulation of an already disrupted chromatin structure.	we used indirect end labeling to identify a series of five hypersensitive (hs) sites in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) gene in h4iie rat hepatoma cells. these sites were found at -4800 base pairs (bp) (site a), at -1300 bp (site b), over a broad domain between -400 and -30 bp (site c), at +4650 bp (site d), and at +6200 bp (site e). sites a to d were detected only in cells capable of expressing the pepck gene, whereas site e was present in all of the cells examined thus far. the h ...	1989	2657389
pro-sequence of subtilisin can guide the refolding of denatured subtilisin in an intermolecular process.	subtilisin e, an alkaline serine protease consisting of a single polypeptide chain of 275 amino acids is produced from a pre-pro-protein. the pre-sequence functions as the signal peptide for protein secretion across the membrane. deletion of the pro-sequence yields mature but inactive subtilisin: the 77-amino acid pro-sequence must precede the mature subtilisin to guide the latter into an active conformation. pro-subtilisin denatured in 6 m guanidine-hcl can be self-processed to the active enzym ...	1989	2657436
a role for hemispheric asymmetry in human behavioral variability.	a model is presented in which functional lateral specialization and selective hemisphere priming combine to provide a mechanism for behavioral variability. the model is tested and supported by two experiments in which lateral attentional priming produces significant reductions in between-subject and within-subject variability. these findings help us to understand the source of behavioral variability, broaden our knowledge of the gross structures and functions of the brain, provide information ab ...	1989	2657608