Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| lyme disease. | we now have more than 30 years of solid, scientific research about lyme disease, a relatively common, vector-borne illness in parts of the united states and of europe. although there is still widespread misunderstanding of and misinformation about the disease among the lay public, its clinical manifestations as well as how to diagnose and to treat it are now well understood. in the vast majority of cases simple treatment with a relatively short course of orally administered antimicrobials result ... | 2008 | 18193666 |
| both decorin-binding proteins a and b are critical for the overall virulence of borrelia burgdorferi. | both decorin-binding proteins (dbpa and dbpb) of the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi bind decorin and glycosaminoglycans, two important building blocks of proteoglycans that are abundantly found in the extracellular matrix (ecm) and connective tissues as well as on cell surfaces of mammals. as an extracellular pathogen, b. burgdorferi resides primarily in the ecm and connective tissues and between host cells during mammalian infection. the interactions of b. burgdorferi with these h ... | 2008 | 18195034 |
| borrelia burgdorferi vlse antigen for the serological diagnosis of lyme borreliosis. | in this study, raising and development of antibody response to borrelia burgdorferi infection in 66 italian patients suffering from culture-confirmed lyme borreliosis erythema migrans (em) was investigated. sixty-two of 66 cultures obtained from biopsies were identified as b. afzelii by pcr. a total of 175 serially collected serum samples were tested by using two different sets of commercial assays: enzygnost lyme link vlse/igg and enzygnost borreliosis igm (dade behring, marburg, germany) and l ... | 2008 | 18197445 |
| effect of electronic laboratory reporting on the burden of lyme disease surveillance--new jersey, 2001-2006. | lyme disease (ld) is a vector-borne illness caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted in the united states by blacklegged ticks (ixodes spp.). ld is most commonly found in the northeastern, mid-atlantic, and north-central regions of the united states. in 2005, new jersey reported 38.6 ld cases per 100,000 population, the third-highest incidence in the united states after delaware and connecticut. since 1980, new jersey has mandated that health-care providers and clinical labo ... | 2008 | 18199968 |
| multiple erythema migrans--manifestation of systemic cutaneous borreliosis. | erythema migrans is the clinical hallmark lesion of a stage i infection with borrelia burgdorferi. multifocal lesions are rarely observed in europe and thus may be missed, in particular when the typical clinical appearance of the pronounced advancing margin is missing. we present three patients with such a clinical appearance which caused differential diagnostic problems. multiple erythema migrans represent an early stage of systemic infection. thus early diagnosis and rapid initiation of therap ... | 2008 | 18201222 |
| canalicular magnetic stimulation lacks specificity to differentiate idiopathic facial palsy from borreliosis in children. | to investigate the role of transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) to differentiate between idiopathic facial nerve palsy (ifnp) and facial nerve palsy due to borreliosis (bfnp). | 2008 | 18206409 |
| borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane proteins a and b participate in the genesis of lyme arthritis. | lyme arthritis results from colonization of joints by borrelia burgdorferi and the ensuing host response. using gene array-based differential analysis of b. burgdorferi gene expression and quantitative reverse trancription-polymerase chain reaction, we identified two paralogous spirochete genes, bmpa and bmpb, that are preferentially up-regulated in mouse joints compared with other organs. transfer of affinity-purified antibodies against either bmpa or bmpb into b. burgdorferi-infected mice sele ... | 2008 | 18166585 |
| rickettsia amblyommii infecting amblyomma americanum larvae. | polymerase chain reaction analysis of amblyomma americanum adults, nymphs, and larvae from aberdeen proving ground, md (apg), revealed a very high prevalence of a spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsia. restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and sequence analysis identified "rickettsia amblyommii." this organism is not yet described or well studied, and its pathogenicity is unknown; however, investigations of the organism are warranted because of its high prevalence in a. americanum. this ... | 2008 | 18171102 |
| the pathogenesis of lyme neuroborreliosis: from infection to inflammation. | this review describes the current knowledge of the pathogenesis of acute lyme neuroborreliosis (lnb), from invasion to inflammation of the central nervous system. borrelia burgdorferi (b.b.) enters the host through a tick bite on the skin and may disseminate from there to secondary organs, including the central nervous system. to achieve this, b.b. first has to evade the hostile immune system. in a second step, the borrelia have to reach the central nervous system and cross the blood-brain barri ... | 2008 | 18097481 |
| blackbirds and song thrushes constitute a key reservoir of borrelia garinii, the causative agent of borreliosis in central europe. | blackbirds (turdus merula) and song thrushes (turdus philomelos) were found to carry 95% of all spirochete-infected tick larvae among 40 bird species captured in central europe. more than 90% of the infections were typed as borrelia garinii and borrelia valaisiana. we conclude that thrushes are key players in the maintenance of these spirochete species in this region of central europe. | 2008 | 18156328 |
| borrelia burgdorferi complement regulator-acquiring surface protein 2 (cspz) as a serological marker of human lyme disease. | serological diagnosis of lyme disease may be complicated by antigenic differences between infecting organisms and those used as test references. accordingly, it would be helpful to include antigens whose sequences are well conserved by a broad range of lyme disease spirochetes. in the present study, line blot analyses were performed using recombinant complement regulator-acquiring surface protein 2 (bbcrasp-2) from borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strain b31 and serum samples from human lyme d ... | 2008 | 18160620 |
| borrelia burgdorferi complement regulator-acquiring surface proteins (bbcrasps): expression patterns during the mammal-tick infection cycle. | host complement is widely distributed throughout mammalian body fluids and can be activated immediately as part of the first line of defense against invading pathogens. the agent of lyme disease, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), is naturally resistant to that innate immune defense system of its hosts. one resistance mechanism appears to involve binding fluid-phase regulators of complement to distinct borrelial outer surface molecules known as crasps (complement regulator acquiring surface ... | 2008 | 18165150 |
| t cell infiltration is associated with increased lyme arthritis in tlr2-/- mice. | c57bl/6 mice deficient in tlr2 develop more severe arthritis following infection with borrelia burgdorferi than do wild-type c57bl/6 mice, and this increase is suppressed by the simultaneous presence of the scid mutation. this suggested a requirement for lymphocytes in the development of subacute lyme arthritis in tlr2(-/-) mice, a feature not commonly associated with this arthritis. the increased pathology of b. burgdorferi-infected tlr2(-/-) mice was also accompanied by an increase in mononucl ... | 2008 | 18081848 |
| residual brain infection in murine relapsing fever borreliosis can be successfully treated with ceftriaxone. | like several other spirochetes, relapsing fever borrelia can cause persistent infection of the central nervous system (cns). by treating mice harboring residual borrelia duttonii brain infection with the bacteriocidal, cell wall inhibiting antibiotic ceftriaxone, bacteria were cleared from the brain. this shows that the residual infection is not latent but actively growing. | 2008 | 18083325 |
| viable borrelia burgdorferi enhances interleukin-10 production and suppresses activation of murine macrophages. | although it is capable of eliciting strong innate and adaptive immune responses, borrelia burgdorferi often evades immune clearance through largely unknown mechanisms. our previous studies determined that infected interlukin-10-/- (il-10-/-) mice show significantly lower b. burgdorferi levels than wild-type (b6) mice and that il-10 inhibits innate immune responses critical for controlling b. burgdorferi infection. to determine whether virulent b. burgdorferi preferentially enhances il-10 product ... | 2008 | 18086805 |
| the important and diverse roles of antibodies in the host response to borrelia infections. | antibodies are of critical importance in the host response to tick-borne borrelia species that cause relapsing fever and lyme disease. recent studies on the role of various b cell subsets in the host response to borrelia, complement-independent, bactericidal antibodies, and diagnostics led to this review that focuses on the array of functions that antibodies to borrelia can perform. | 2008 | 18080415 |
| an insight into the sialome of the soft tick, ornithodorus parkeri. | while hard ticks (ixodidae) take several days to feed on their hosts, soft ticks (argasidae) feed faster, usually taking less than 1h per meal. saliva assists in the feeding process by providing a cocktail of anti-hemostatic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodullatory compounds. saliva of hard ticks has been shown to contain several families of genes each having multiple members, while those of soft ticks are relatively unexplored. analysis of the salivary transcriptome of the soft tick ornithodoru ... | 2008 | 18070662 |
| conspicuous impacts of inconspicuous hosts on the lyme disease epidemic. | emerging zoonotic pathogens are a constant threat to human health throughout the world. control strategies to protect public health regularly fail, due in part to the tendency to focus on a single host species assumed to be the primary reservoir for a pathogen. here, we present evidence that a diverse set of species can play an important role in determining disease risk to humans using lyme disease as a model. host-targeted public health strategies to control the lyme disease epidemic in north a ... | 2008 | 18029304 |
| [inflammatory cardiac diseases by primary extracardial diseases]. | as systemic immunological disorders, internal diseases in gastroenterology, rheumatology and infectiology can, in addition to the bowels, potentially involve the musculo-skeletal system, the immunological system and heart structures. all structures and functions of the heart can be affected. pericarditis in lupus erythematosus and chronic inflammatory bowel disease, myocarditis in hiv infection and lyme disease are examples of cardiac manifestations of internal diseases. the pathogenetic causes ... | 2008 | 17992497 |
| lyme arthritis: current concepts and a change in paradigm. | 2008 | 18003815 | |
| quantitative measurement of c6 antibody following antibiotic treatment of borrelia burgdorferi antibody-positive nonclinical dogs. | the detection of antibody to the borrelia burgdorferi c6 peptide by use of enzyme-linked immunoassays is a widely accepted method for the diagnosis of lyme disease spirochete infection in dogs and in humans. antibody to the c6 peptide is highly specific for b. burgdorferi and declines following treatment of dogs and humans exposed to b. burgdorferi. a quantitative assay for determining c6 antibody levels was developed and used to measure changes in antibody levels following antibiotic treatment ... | 2008 | 18003819 |
| borrelia burgdorferi inhibits human neutrophil functions. | outer surface proteins ospa and ospb are among the most prominent borrelia burgdorferi surface molecules. we constructed ospab and ospa complementation mutants of b. burgdorferi osp-less strain b313 and investigated the role of these surface proteins in the interactions of b. burgdorferi, human neutrophils and the complement system. we found that (1) ospb inhibits the phagocytosis and oxidative burst of human neutrophils at low serum concentrations, whereas ospa induces the oxidative burst in ne ... | 2008 | 18068388 |
| borrelia burgdorferi--a potentially aetiological factor in tmj disorders? preliminary report. | the available literature does not report on infectious factors potentially triggering intra-articular pathology or dysfunction manifest as temporomandibular (tmj) disorders. | 2008 | 18023198 |
| the association between tick-borne infections, lyme borreliosis and autism spectrum disorders. | chronic infectious diseases, including tick-borne infections such as borrelia burgdorferi may have direct effects, promote other infections and create a weakened, sensitized and immunologically vulnerable state during fetal development and infancy leading to increased vulnerability for developing autism spectrum disorders. a dysfunctional synergism with other predisposing and contributing factors may contribute to autism spectrum disorders by provoking innate and adaptive immune reactions to cau ... | 2008 | 17980971 |
| fitness variation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strains in mice. | lyme borreliosis in north america is caused by the tick-borne spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, a zoonotic bacterium that is able to persistently infect a wide range of vertebrate species. given the pronounced strain structure of b. burgdorferi in the northeastern united states, we asked whether the fitness of the different genotypes varies among susceptible vertebrate hosts. the transmission dynamics of two genetically divergent human isolates of b. burgdorferi, bl206 and b348, were analyzed exp ... | 2008 | 17981941 |
| role of the bba64 locus of borrelia burgdorferi in early stages of infectivity in a murine model of lyme disease. | borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme disease, undergoes rapid adaptive gene expression in response to environmental signals encountered during different stages of its life cycle in the arthropod vector or the mammalian host. among all the plasmid-encoded genes of b. burgdorferi, several linear plasmid 54 (lp54)-encoded open reading frames (orfs) exhibit the greatest differential expression in response to mammalian host-specific temperature, ph, and other uncharacterized signals. the ... | 2008 | 17984202 |
| global transcriptome analysis of borrelia burgdorferi during association with human neuroglial cells. | as adherence and entry of a pathogen into a host cell are key components to an infection, identifying the molecular mechanisms responsible for cellular association will provide a better understanding of a microbe's pathogenesis. we previously established an in vitro model for borrelia burgdorferi infection of human neuroglial cells. to expand on our earlier study, we performed b. burgdorferi whole-genome expression analysis following a 20-hour infection of human neuroglial cells to identify borr ... | 2008 | 17984208 |
| release of latent clya cytolysin from escherichia coli mediated by a bacteriophage-associated putative holin (blya) from borrelia burgdorferi. | introduction of the borrelia burgdorferi blyab locus into escherichia coli has recently been reported to cause a hemolytic phenotype that is dependent on the e. coli clya (hlye, shea) gene (a cytolysin gene present in many e. coli strains, including e. coli k-12, which is repressed under standard in vitro growth conditions). the blya gene product has been suggested to be a prophage-encoded holin, but the processes triggered in e. coli by the expression of blya and/or blyb, which lead to the hemo ... | 2008 | 17897882 |
| infectious disease associations in advanced stage, indolent lymphoma (follicular and nonfollicular): developing a lymphoma prevention strategy. | eradication of helicobacter pylori in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tumor can result in lymphoma remission. we prospectively identified/treated infections in nonbulky, advanced stage indolent lymphoma (follicular; nonfollicular lymphoma) eligible for observation. materials and methods: stool h. pylori, hepatitis c and borrelia serologies, borrelia and chlamydia fixed tissue pcr, chlamydia peripheral blood mononuclear cell pcr and hydrogen breath test for small bowel bacterial overgrowth (sb ... | 2008 | 17965114 |
| comparison of different borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains for detection of immune response in patients with erythema migrans. | the aim of the present study was to establish which combination of serological method and borrelia strain used as an antigen would provide the most appropriate demonstration of borrelial infection in patients with eythema migrans residing in slovenia. four different strains were chosen as antigens: two strains of b. afzelii and two strains of b. garinii which differed in their expression of the outer proteins ospa, ospb and ospc. each individual strain was used as antigen in immunofluorescence t ... | 2008 | 17892971 |
| assessment of decorin-binding protein a to the infectivity of borrelia burgdorferi in the murine models of needle and tick infection. | decorin-binding proteins (dbps) a and b of borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of lyme disease, are surface-exposed lipoproteins that presumably bind to the extracellular matrix proteoglycan, decorin. b. burgdorferi infects various tissues including the bladder, heart, joints, skin and the central nervous system, and the ability of b. burgdorferi to bind decorin has been hypothesized to be important for this disseminatory pathogenic strategy. | 2008 | 18507835 |
| cardiac implications of lyme disease, diagnosis and therapeutic approach. | lyme is a tick-borne disease. the genetic diversity of borreliae its distribution worldwide and its epidemiology have been related to different clinical manifestations. carditis is a rare manifestation of lyme disease. the commonest abnormality is atrioventricular block of various degrees, though other rhythm abnormalities have been reported. pericarditis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy and degenerative valvular disease have been associated with b. burgdorferi. temporary pacing might be required in ... | 2008 | 18508142 |
| overview: ticks as vectors of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. | ticks (acari: ixodidae) transmit a wide variety of pathogens to vertebrates including viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminthes. tick-borne pathogens are believed to be responsible for more than 100,000 cases of illness in humans throughout the world. ticks are considered to be second worldwide to mosquitoes as vectors of human diseases, but they are the most important vectors of disease-causing pathogens in domestic and wild animals. infection and development of pathogens in both tick and vert ... | 2008 | 18508706 |
| targeting the tick-pathogen interface for novel control strategies. | ticks are ectoparasites of wild and domestic animals and humans that most notably impact global health by transmitting disease-causing pathogens. while information on the molecular interactions between ticks and pathogens that facilitate pathogen infection, development and transmission is limited, a comprehensive understanding of the tick-pathogen interface would be fundamental toward development of new and novel measures for control of both tick infestations and tick-borne pathogens. recently, ... | 2008 | 18508707 |
| tick-borne lymphadenopathy: a new infectious disease in children. | to describe the epidemiologic and clinical aspects of patients with tick-borne lymphadenopathy (tibola). | 2008 | 18520970 |
| [mesangioproliferative iga-nephritis in a patient with lyme borreliosis]. | 2008 | 18522356 | |
| role of il-17, transforming growth factor-beta, and il-6 in the development of arthritis and production of anti-outer surface protein a borreliacidal antibodies in borrelia-vaccinated and -challenged mice. | we showed recently that the adaptive immune events leading to the development of arthritis in borrelia burgdorferi isolate 297-vaccinated and borrelia bissettii-challenged mice involve il-17. here, we show in borrelia-vaccinated and -challenged mice that two cytokines known to induce the production of il-17, il-6 and transforming growth factor (tgf)-beta, are also involved in the development of arthritis. vaccinated and challenged mice administered either anti-tgf-beta or anti-il-6 antibodies de ... | 2008 | 18522647 |
| neurogenic exacerbation of microglial and astrocyte responses to neisseria meningitidis and borrelia burgdorferi. | although glial cells are recognized for their roles in maintaining neuronal function, there is growing appreciation of the ability of resident cns cells to initiate and/or augment inflammation following trauma or infection. the tachykinin, substance p (sp), is well known to augment inflammatory responses at peripheral sites and its presence throughout the cns raises the possibility that this neuropeptide might serve a similar function within the brain. in support of this hypothesis, we have rece ... | 2008 | 18523290 |
| pattern of proinflammatory cytokine induction in raw264.7 mouse macrophages is identical for virulent and attenuated borrelia burgdorferi. | lyme disease pathogenesis results from a complex interaction between borrelia burgdorferi and the host immune system. the intensity and nature of the inflammatory response of host immune cells to b. burgdorferi may be a determining factor in disease progression. gene array analysis was used to examine the expression of genes encoding cytokines, chemokines, and related factors in the joint tissue of infected c3h/hej mice and in a murine macrophage-like cell line in response to a disseminating or ... | 2008 | 18523297 |
| prospective study of serologic tests for lyme disease. | tests to determine serum antibody levels-the 2-tier sonicate immunoglobulin m (igm) and immunoglobulin g (igg) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot method or the igg of the variable major protein-like sequence-expressed (vlse) sixth invariant region (c6) peptide elisa method-are the major tests available for support of the diagnosis of lyme disease. however, these tests have not been assessed prospectively. | 2008 | 18532885 |
| editorial commentary: laboratory testing for lyme disease: time for a change? | 2008 | 18532894 | |
| temporal variations in the usefulness of normalized difference vegetation index as a predictor for ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) in a borrelia lusitaniae focus in tuscany, central italy. | host-seeking ticks were collected during monthly dragging sessions from november 2004 through october 2006 in tuscany, central italy. normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi), which was calculated from landsat etm+ 7 remote sensing data recorded in august 2001, was significantly correlated with numbers of host-seeking immature ixodes ricinus l. (acari: ixodidae) during periods of relatively low rainfall such as summer 2005 (spearman's p = 0.78, p < 0.001 for nymphs in july) and to a lower e ... | 2008 | 18533451 |
| [activity of the caspase-3 in the culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with borrelia burgdorferi antigens]. | to investigate whether the decreased rate of apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells occurs in patients with chronic lyme arthritis (la), which could contribute to persistent inflammation in those patients. | 2008 | 18536229 |
| [diagnostics and treatment of lyme borreliosis. recommendations of polish society of epidemiology and infectious diseases]. | 2008 | 18536243 | |
| improved laboratory diagnostics of lyme neuroborreliosis in children by detection of antibodies to new antigens in cerebrospinal fluid. | laboratory diagnostics in lyme neuroborreliosis need improvement. we hereby investigate 4 new recombinant or peptide borrelia antigens in cerebrospinal fluid in children with neuroborreliosis to evaluate their performance as diagnostic antigens. | 2008 | 18536620 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto is clonal in patients with early lyme borreliosis. | lyme borreliosis, the most commonly reported vector-borne disease in north america, is caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. given the extensive genetic polymorphism of b. burgdorferi, elucidation of the population genetic structure of the bacterium in clinical samples may be relevant for understanding disease pathogenesis and may have applicability for the development of diagnostic tests and vaccine preparations. in this investigation, the genetic polymorphism of the 16s-23s rrna (rrs- ... | 2008 | 18539816 |
| pseudoclonality in cutaneous pseudolymphomas: a pitfall in interpretation of rearrangement studies. | pseudoclonality is a well-known problem in the interpretation of rearrangement studies of lymph node biopsies. recently, pseudoclonality has been demonstrated in skin lesions of borreliosis. studies on pseudoclonality in cutaneous pseudolymphomas are lacking but pseudoclones may pose a risk for overinterpretation of such lesions as cutaneous lymphoma. | 2008 | 18547309 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, francisella tularensis and their co-infections in host-seeking ixodes ricinus ticks collected in serbia. | to evaluate the prevalence rate of tick-borne bacterial pathogens, unfed adult ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from vegetation in 2001, 2003, and 2004 at 18 localities throughout serbia. a total of 287 ticks were examined by pcr technique for the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, and francisella tularensis. the highest prevalence rate was that for b. burgdorferi sensu lato (42.5%), followed by a. phagocytophilum (13.9%) and f. tularensis (3.8%). the pres ... | 2008 | 18551370 |
| [occurrence of borrelia spp. in culture of embryonic cells of the tick boophilus microplus (acari: ixodidae) in the state of the mato grosso do sul, brazil]. | the aim of the present work was to report the occurrence of borrelia spp. in embryonic cell cultures from naturally infected boophilus microplus. seven days after the beginning of a primary culture of embryonic cells of b. microplus at 31 degrees c was noted that the cells start suffering degeneration. under examination at phase contrast microscope, the presence of prolongated microorganisms with great mobility was detected. microscopic slides of the culture supernatant, hemolymph and egg mass, ... | 2008 | 18554442 |
| comparison of pcr methods and culture for the detection of borrelia spp. in patients with erythema migrans. | the sensitivities of two pcr assays and culture were compared for the detection of borrelia spp. in skin specimens of 150 patients with typical erythema migrans. in addition, the accuracy of the methods for the identification of borrelia spp. was compared by analysing culture isolates and material obtained directly from skin biopsy specimens. borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was isolated from 73 (49%) of 150 skin biopsy specimens. using a nested pcr targeting the rrf-rrl region and a pcr targetin ... | 2008 | 18558937 |
| [a tick? grab it!]. | 2008 | 18561707 | |
| search for borrelia burgdorferi in kidneys of dogs with suspected "lyme nephritis". | "lyme nephritis" is a poorly characterized condition associated with proteinuria and often fatal renal failure in dogs with serological evidence of infection with borrelia burgdorferi. | 2008 | 18564223 |
| syphilis and borreliosis during pregnancy. | syphilis and lyme borreliosis have similar etiologic, clinical, and epidemiologic characteristics. both are multisystem infectious disorders spread worldwide. their clinical course can be divided into three stages and as to spirochetal origin, antibiotic therapy is similar too. taxonomical relationship of treponema and borrelia could explain also congenital manifestations well-known in syphilis, and suggested in borreliosis. therapy of pregnant women with syphilis and lyme borreliosis should fol ... | 2008 | 18564251 |
| real-time high resolution 3d imaging of the lyme disease spirochete adhering to and escaping from the vasculature of a living host. | pathogenic spirochetes are bacteria that cause a number of emerging and re-emerging diseases worldwide, including syphilis, leptospirosis, relapsing fever, and lyme borreliosis. they navigate efficiently through dense extracellular matrix and cross the blood-brain barrier by unknown mechanisms. due to their slender morphology, spirochetes are difficult to visualize by standard light microscopy, impeding studies of their behavior in situ. we engineered a fluorescent infectious strain of borrelia ... | 2008 | 18566656 |
| oral doxycycline versus intravenous ceftriaxone for european lyme neuroborreliosis: a multicentre, non-inferiority, double-blind, randomised trial. | use of intravenous penicillin and ceftriaxone to treat lyme neuroborreliosis is well documented, although oral doxycycline could be a cost-effective alternative. we aimed to compare the efficacy of oral doxycycline with intravenous ceftriaxone for the treatment of lyme neuroborreliosis. | 2008 | 18567539 |
| bacterial triggers and autoimmune rheumatic diseases. | autoimmune rheumatic diseases are generally considered as a multifactorial aetiology, mainly genetic susceptibility combined with environmental triggers of which bacteria are considered one of the most prominent. among the rheumatic diseases where bacterial agents are more clearly involved as triggers are: reactive arthritis (rea), rheumatic fever (rf) and lyme disease. the role of bacterial infections in inducing other seronegative spondyloarthritis and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome has be ... | 2008 | 18570749 |
| systematic analysis highlights the key role of tlr2/nf-kappab/map kinase signaling for il-8 induction by macrophage-like thp-1 cells under influence of borrelia burgdorferi lysates. | lyme borreliosis is a spirochetal infection caused by the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex that can proceed towards an inflammatory joint manifestation known as lyme arthritis. production of chemokines orchestrating neutrophil infiltration is supposed to be key to early arthritic pathogenesis. using pma-differentiated macrophage-like thp-1 (mthp-1) cells we identified by antibody array methodology or mrna analysis il-8, gro-alpha, nap-2, and sdf-1alpha as being among those chemokines that ... | 2008 | 18571457 |
| skim milk enhances the preservation of thawed -80 degrees c bacterial stocks. | the results from bacterial strain recovery efforts following hurricanes katrina and rita are reported. over 90% of strains frozen in 10% skim milk were recovered whereas various recovery rates were observed for glycerol-stored stocks (56% and 94% of escherichia coli, depending upon the laboratory). these observations led to a viability comparison of streptococcus pyogenes, campylobacter jejuni, borrelia burgdorferi, salmonella enterica subsp. typhimurium, pseudomonas aeruginosa and e. coli strai ... | 2008 | 18573555 |
| essential role of the response regulator rrp2 in the infectious cycle of borrelia burgdorferi. | alteration of surface lipoprotein profiles is a key strategy that the lyme disease pathogen, borrelia burgdorferi, has evolved to be maintained within its enzootic cycle between arthropods and mammals. accumulated evidence indicates that the central regulatory pathway controlling differential gene expression by b. burgdorferi is the rpon-rpos pathway (the sigma(54)-sigma(s) sigma factor cascade). it was previously shown that activation of the rpon-rpos pathway is controlled by rrp2, a two-compon ... | 2008 | 18573895 |
| mlst of housekeeping genes captures geographic population structure and suggests a european origin of borrelia burgdorferi. | lyme borreliosis, caused by the tick-borne bacterium borrelia burgdorferi, has become the most common vector-borne disease in north america over the last three decades. to understand the dynamics of the epizootic spread and to predict the evolutionary trajectories of b. burgdorferi, accurate information on the population structure and the evolutionary relationships of the pathogen is crucial. we, therefore, developed a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme for b. burgdorferi based on eight ch ... | 2008 | 18574151 |
| seronegative disease after inadequate therapy in lyme arthritis: comment on the article by kannian et al. | 2008 | 18576350 | |
| comparison of the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi s. l. isolated from the tick ixodes scapularis in southeastern and northeastern united states. | thirty-five strains of the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (b. burgdorferi s. l.) were isolated from the blacklegged tick vector ixodes scapularis in south carolina, georgia, florida, and rhode island. they were characterized by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of rrf (5s)-rrl (23s) intergenic spacer amplicons. pcr-rflp analysis indicated that the strains represented at least 3 genospecies (including a possible novel genospecies) and 4 differen ... | 2008 | 18576863 |
| results of a 10-year survey of louse-borne relapsing fever in southern ethiopia: a decline in endemicity. | 2008 | 18577339 | |
| variable exposure and immunological response to lyme disease borrelia among north atlantic seabird species. | colonial seabirds often breed in large aggregations. these individuals can be exposed to parasitism by the tick ixodes uriae, but little is known about the circulation of pathogens carried by this ectoparasite, including lyme disease borrelia. here we investigated the prevalence of antibodies (ab) against borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in seabird species sampled at eight locations across the north atlantic. using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests, we found that the prevalence of anti-borr ... | 2008 | 18577503 |
| interleukin-23 is required for development of arthritis in mice vaccinated and challenged with borrelia species. | we recently hypothesized that t helper 17 (th17) cells and their associated cytokines are involved in the development of arthritis following infection with borrelia burgdorferi. here, we show that interleukin-23 (il-23), a survival factor for th17 cells, is required for the induction of arthritis in mice vaccinated with b. burgdorferi strain 297 and challenged with "borrelia bissettii." when borrelia-vaccinated and -challenged mice were given antibodies to the p19 subunit of il-23, they failed t ... | 2008 | 18579699 |
| southern tick-associated rash illness: erythema migrans is not always lyme disease. | southern tick-associated rash illness (stari) is a rash occurring after a tick bite. it is a form of erythema migrans, an annular rash with central clearing that is almost identical with the erythema migrans seen in lyme disease. the etiologic agent is not known but may be a borrelia species. the tick vector is different in the two diseases. serious systemic complications are not currently recognized with stari but treatment with doxycycline is prudent. differentiating stari from lyme disease is ... | 2008 | 18580719 |
| an eight-year-old girl with probable lyme disease in hong kong. | an eight-year-old girl presented with acute cerebellar syndrome and meningitis. lumbar puncture showed elevated pressure. examination of the cerebrospinal fluid showed lymphocytosis, raised protein and decreased glucose. she was initially treated with acyclovir and antituberculosis drugs with partial response. subsequently, the antibody assay for borrelia burgdorferi was positive and the antimicrobial regime was changed to ceftriaxone. she made a full recovery with no neurological deficit. a pro ... | 2008 | 18581005 |
| serological evidence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in horses and cattle from poland and diagnostic problems of lyme borreliosis. | in the course of epizootological research on lyme borreliosis in animals, the serological evidence of this zoonosis in horses and cattle from different voivodships of poland was screened. we also discussed some diagnostic problems of lyme borreliosis resulting from, in addition to other factors, genetic and geographical heterogeneity isolates b. burgdorferi s.l. used as antigens. using elisa from 395 sera of horses the total mean seroprevalence for anti-borrelia igg antibodies 25.6% was observed ... | 2008 | 18581977 |
| seroprevalence of anti-borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in dogs and horses in turkey. | the aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in a population of turkish dogs and horses, as well as to compare the sensitivity of novel flow-cytometry-based borreliacidal antibody test (bat) with elisa assay. serum samples collected from 400 dogs and 300 horses were tested with enzyme-linked protein a/g assay (elpaga), using borrelia whole cell antigens. elpaga test showed 93 dogs (23.2%) and 18 horses (6%) serologically positive for anti-borre ... | 2008 | 18581984 |
| genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in patients with erythema migrans. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex, the etiological factor of lyme disease, includes over a dozen species of bacteria and 3 pathogenic within it. according to many authors, the clinical symptoms of borreliosis depend on the species that cause the disease. the most frequent symptom of early localized borreliosis is erythema migrans (em). the aim of the research was to determine species of b. burgdorferi s.l. in 32 patients from the western pomerania region in whom em has been recogniz ... | 2008 | 18581997 |
| characterization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis after mlui restriction of genomic dna. | at least three borrelia species (borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto) cause disease in humans, but borrelia spielmanii, borrelia valaisiana, borrelia lusitaniae and borrelia bissettii have also been reported to be rare or potential causes of human disease in europe. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis after mlui restriction of the genomic dna (mlui large restriction fragment patterns, lrfps) represents one of several approaches that have been used to assess bor ... | 2008 | 18586084 |
| pseudotumor cerebri: early manifestation of adult lyme disease. | 2008 | 18589043 | |
| lyme disease in oregon. | the incidence of lyme disease in oregon is calculated from cases reported to the oregon state health division. we reviewed the exposure history of reported cases of lyme disease and performed field surveys for infected ixodes pacificus ticks. the incidence of lyme disease correlated with the distribution of infected i. pacificus ticks. | 2008 | 18448697 |
| c6-peptide serology as diagnostic tool in neuroborreliosis. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of borrelia serology (quick elisa c6 borrelia assay kit) as a diagnostic tool in cases of suspected neuroborreliosis. a retrospective patient material consisting of 124 paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples with a positive anti-borrelia antibody index (ai) using the ideia lyme neuroborreliosis test was compared with 124 ai-negative matched control subjects. the patients were divided into four groups based on presence of pleocytosis and ... | 2008 | 18452429 |
| essential protective role attributed to the surface lipoproteins of borrelia burgdorferi against innate defences. | to initiate infection, a microbial pathogen must be able to evade innate immunity. here we show that the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi depends on its surface lipoproteins for protection against innate defences. the deficiency for ospc, an abundantly expressed surface lipoprotein during early infection, led to quick clearance of b. burgdorferi after inoculation into the skin of scid mice. increasing expression of any of the four randomly chosen surface lipoproteins, ospa, ospe, vls ... | 2008 | 18452586 |
| diagnosis and treatment of lyme disease. | lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease in the united states. this review details the risk factors, clinical presentation, treatment, and prophylaxis for the disease. information was obtained from a search of the pubmed and medline databases (keyword: lyme disease) for articles published from august 31, 1997, through september 1, 2007. approximately 20,000 cases of lyme disease are reported annually. residents of the coastal northeast, northwest california, and the great lakes region ... | 2008 | 18452688 |
| biology of infection with borrelia burgdorferi. | the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi is a tick-borne obligate parasite whose normal reservoir is a variety of small mammals. although infection of these natural hosts does not lead to disease, infection of humans can result in lyme disease as a consequence of the human immunopathologic response to b burgdorferi. consistent with the pathogenesis of lyme disease, bacterial products that allow b burgdorferi to replicate and survive seem to be primarily what is required for the bacterium to cause dis ... | 2008 | 18452798 |
| erythema migrans. | erythema migrans (em) is the most common objective manifestation of lyme disease, accounting for about 90% of cases. establishing the diagnosis of em is important because appropriate treatment with oral antibiotics at an early stage of infection with borrelia burgdorferi results in excellent outcomes. this article includes a discussion of the epidemiology of em and its clinical, differential, and laboratory diagnosis. the treatment of em and the prevention of lyme disease are also discussed. | 2008 | 18452799 |
| lyme arthritis: pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management. | arthritis is one of the most prominent features of lyme disease, the tick-borne illness caused by borrelia burgdorferi. although the pathogenesis of lyme arthritis is complex and still under study, the clinical presentation and natural history have been established by long-term observation of untreated and treated patients. this review addresses the clinical presentation of lyme arthritis as a mono- or oligoarticular relapsing/remitting arthritis primarily affecting the large joints and describe ... | 2008 | 18452802 |
| lyme disease: laboratory issues. | this article describes the laboratory modalities available to confirm the diagnosis of lyme borreliosis. use and limitations of these methods are discussed. current guidelines for the use of recommended serologic methods and discussion of newer methods also are provided. | 2008 | 18452803 |
| lyme disease in children. | this article reviews pediatric lyme disease in the united states. the agent of lyme disease includes three pathogenic species (borrelia burgdorferi, b afzelii, and b garinii), but only b. burgdorferi strains are found in the united states. the article's discussion is limited to the single species b burgdorferi. | 2008 | 18452804 |
| chronic lyme disease: a review. | studies have shown that most patients diagnosed with chronic lyme disease either have no objective evidence of previous or current infection with borrelia burgdorferi or are patients who should be classified as having post-lyme disease syndrome, which is defined as continuing or relapsing nonspecific symptoms (such as fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and cognitive complaints) in a patient previously treated for lyme disease. despite extensive study, there is currently no clear evidence that post-l ... | 2008 | 18452806 |
| stari, or masters disease: lone star tick-vectored lyme-like illness. | lyme-like illness (also known as southern tick-associated rash illness [stari] or masters disease) is vectored by the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum). lyme-like illness lesions, which are similar to the erythema migrans rash of lyme disease, tend to have lymphocytic dermal infiltrates. with the exception of borrelia lonestari, the possible causative agent or agents of lyme-like illness have not been cultured. more research is needed to fully understand this newly recognized zoonosis. clini ... | 2008 | 18452807 |
| absence of transovarial transmission of borrelia duttonii, a tick-borne relapsing fever agent, by the vector tick ornithodoros moubata. | we examined the vector competence of the tick, ornithodoros moubata, using laboratory-reared gerbils as hosts. transmission of the relapsing fever agent borrelia duttonii occurred efficiently from infected ticks to uninfected gerbils and from infected gerbils to uninfected ticks. spirochetes were maintained stably in the ticks for at least 3 months, but they disappeared from the bloodstream of infected gerbils after three episodes of spirochetemia. we also examined transovarial transmission of b ... | 2008 | 18454593 |
| borrelia bissettii isolates induce pathology in a murine model of disease. | the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi is a tick-borne pathogen that causes lyme disease. although b. burgdorferi sensu lato is a diverse group of bacteria, only three genospecies, b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii, and borrelia garinii, are known to be pathogenic and commonly recognized to cause human disease. to assess the potential of another common genospecies, borrelia bissettii, to induce disease, a mouse model was employed. two colorado isolates of b. bissettii (co-bb) induced l ... | 2008 | 18454594 |
| molecular and serological evidence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in wild rodents in the czech republic. | the aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and spatial distribution of the borrelia species in wild rodents in the czech republic. in total, 293 muscle tissue samples and 106 sera from 293 wild rodents captured in north bohemia and north-east and south moravia were examined for the presence of borrelia spp. and antibodies. muscle samples were investigated with real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with a reca primer set, with dna quantification and melting curve analysis, an ... | 2008 | 18454596 |
| detection of borrelia lusitaniae, rickettsia sp. irs3, rickettsia monacensis, and anaplasma phagocytophilum in ixodes ricinus collected in madeira island, portugal. | a total of 300 ixodes ricinus ticks were tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the presence of borrelia spp., rickettsia spp., and anaplasma phagocytophilum. sequence analysis demonstrated 8 (2.7%) ticks infected with b. lusitaniae, 60 (20%) with rickettsia spp., and 1 (0.3%) with a. phagocytophilum. seven (2.3%) ticks were coinfected with b. lusitaniae and rickettsia spp., 2 (0.6%) with r. monacensis, and 5 (1.7%) with rickettsia sp. irs3. the results of this study suggest simultaneous ... | 2008 | 18454598 |
| a doxycycline hyclate rodent bait formulation for prophylaxis and treatment of tick-transmitted borrelia burgdorferi. | the prophylactic and curative potential of doxycycline hyclate formulated in a rodent bait at concentrations of 250 and 500 mg/kg was evaluated in a murine model of lyme borreliosis. both bait formulations prevented tick-transmitted borrelia burgdorferi infection in 100% of c3h/hej mice (n = 16), as well as cured acute, established infection in mice (n = 8) exposed to bait for 14 days. spirochete infection was cleared in 88.9% to 100% of infected nymphs feeding on mice fed 250 and 500 mg/kg anti ... | 2008 | 18458316 |
| the propensity of different borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto genotypes to cause disseminated infections in humans. | lineages of borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes lyme disease, can be characterized by distinct alleles at the outer surface protein c (ospc) locus. the lineages marked by ospc genotypes have been shown to be differentially invasive in different species of mammals, including humans; genotypes a, b, i, and k effectively disseminate to human blood and cerebrospinal fluid. in this report, we extend the sample of genotypes isolated from human blood to include genotypes n, h, c, m, and d, ... | 2008 | 18458317 |
| validation of an in-clinic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for diagnosis of borrelia burgdorferi infection in horses. | confirmation of borrelia burgdorferi infection in horses has required enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) or western blot tests performed by reference laboratories. an in-clinic c6 elisa snap kit has been marketed for dogs. this canine kit was evaluated for horses using serum from experimentally infected ponies. serum samples originated from 2 previous studies. in the first study, 7 ponies were exposed to b. burgdorferi-infected ticks; 4 ponies served as uninfected controls. serum samples ... | 2008 | 18460618 |
| the basic reproduction number for complex disease systems: defining r(0) for tick-borne infections. | characterizing the basic reproduction number, r(0), for many wildlife disease systems can seem a complex problem because several species are involved, because there are different epidemiological reactions to the infectious agent at different life-history stages, or because there are multiple transmission routes. tick-borne diseases are an important example where all these complexities are brought together as a result of the peculiarities of the tick life cycle and the multiple transmission route ... | 2008 | 18462128 |
| detection of spirochaetal microorganisms by focus floating microscopy in necrobiosis lipoidica in patients from central europe. | necrobiosis lipoidica (nl) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with unknown aetiology. the aim was to determine the presence of spirochaetal microorganisms in nl. | 2008 | 18462358 |
| gene expression profiling provides insights into the pathways involved in inflammatory arthritis development: murine model of lyme disease. | the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme disease, causes severe subacute arthritis in susceptible inbred mouse strains, such as c3h/hen, but only mild arthritis in resistant strains such as c57bl/6. the degree of lyme arthritis severity is controlled in part by host genetics and several quantitative trait loci have been identified which contribute to this regulation. in addition, the anti-inflammatory cytokine il-10 assumes an important role in the control of arthritis in ... | 2008 | 18462718 |
| borreliosis: recent research, diagnosis, and management. | lyme borreliosis (lb) is a tick-borne infection caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. the disease covers a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations affecting the skin, nervous and musculoskeletal systems, the heart, and the eyes. the diagnosis must be based on clinical suspicion and on symptoms and signs observed during a thorough interview and examination of the patient. laboratory results either support or oppose the conclusions that are drawn from history and clinical exam ... | 2008 | 18465449 |
| [lyme carditis presenting as acute coronary syndrome: a case report]. | a case of a 26-year-old man with lyme carditis (lc) mimicking acute coronary syndrome is presented. considering clinical presentation, electrocardiographic findings and markedly elevated levels of cardiac biomarkers, emergency coronary angiography was performed and revealed normal coronaries. ventricular arrhythmias of lown grade ivb during catheterization were recorded. echocardiography showed mild global left ventricular dysfunction with ejection fraction of 50%. the diagnosis of lc was confir ... | 2008 | 18473271 |
| a genome-wide proteome array reveals a limited set of immunogens in natural infections of humans and white-footed mice with borrelia burgdorferi. | humans and other animals with lyme borreliosis produce antibodies to a number of components of the agent borrelia burgdorferi, but a full accounting of the immunogens during natural infections has not been achieved. employing a protein array produced in vitro from 1,292 dna fragments representing approximately 80% of the genome, we compared the antibody reactivities of sera from patients with early or later lyme borreliosis to the antibody reactivities of sera from controls. overall, approximate ... | 2008 | 18474646 |
| verification and dissection of the ospc operator by using flab promoter as a reporter in borrelia burgdorferi. | the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi must repress expression of outer surface protein c (ospc) to effectively evade specific humoral immunity and to establish persistent infection. this ability largely relies upon a regulatory element, the only operator that has been reported in spirochetal bacteria. immediately upstream of the ospc promoter, two sets of inverted repeats (irs) constitute small and large palindromes, in which the right ir of the large palindrome contains the left ir o ... | 2008 | 18479884 |
| [lyme borreliosis in adults]. | lyme borreliosis is a multisystem: tick-borne infection caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. we present a survey of clinical stages, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lyme borreliosis in adults. | 2008 | 18480867 |
| multiple cranial nerve involvement in bannwarth's syndrome. | bannwarth's syndrome is a tick-transmitted neurological disease caused by spirochetes of the borrelia burgdorferi group. neurological manifestations of the disease occur after skin erythema and include: neuritic pain, lymphocytic pleocytosis without headache and sometimes cranial neuritis. we present the case of a man who complained of a neurological syndrome without evidence of tick bite and concurrent manifestation of the infection, for whom serological analysis only revealed the infection aft ... | 2008 | 18483708 |
| possible role of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection in lichen sclerosus. | to assess the evidence for borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection in patients with lichen sclerosus by focus-floating microscopy. | 2008 | 18490585 |