Publications

preexisting inflammation due to mycobacterium bovis bcg infection differentially modulates t-cell priming against a replicating or nonreplicating immunogen.	induction of t-cell memory by vaccination ensures long-term protection against pathogens. we determined whether on-going inflammatory responses during vaccination influenced t-cell priming. a preexposure of mice to mycobacterium bovis bcg impaired their subsequent ability to prime t cells against listeria monocytogenes. this was characterized by a decrease in l. monocytogenes-specific gamma interferon (ifn-gamma)-secreting cd4(+) and cd8(+) t cells. the intensity of t-cell priming towards l. mon ...	2002	11895959
involvement of phop-phos homologs in enterococcus faecalis virulence.	eleven phop-phos homolog pairs were identified by searching the enterococcus faecalis v583 genome sequence database at the institute for genomic research with the bacillus subtilis phop-phos sequences. each pair appears to be a potential two-component system composed of a response regulator and a sensor kinase. seven of the homologs were disrupted in e. faecalis strain og1rf. tx10293, a mutant disrupted in one of these genes (etar, the first gene of the gene pair designated etars), showed delaye ...	2002	11895963
distinct protein patterns associated with listeria monocytogenes inla- or inlb-phagosomes.	internalization of listeria monocytogenes into non-phagocytic cells is mediated by the interactions between the two bacterial invasion proteins inla (internalin) and inlb and their cellular surface receptors e-cadherin and c-met. to get an insight into all the cellular components necessary for uptake and early intracellular life, we undertook a global proteomic characterization of the early listerial phagosome in the human epithelial cell line lovo. first, we proceeded to an immunocytochemical c ...	2002	11896766
early intracellular events during internalization of listeria monocytogenes by j774 cells.	the gram-positive bacillus listeria monocytogenes gains entry into host cells through a phagosome membrane that forms around entering bacteria. during the early stages of internalization the invading bacteria appear to modify the protein composition of the forming phagosome membrane in j774 cells. mhc class ii molecules on the cell surface and exposed surface molecules available for biotinylation are excluded from the bacteria-host cell membrane interface and from the forming phagosome. this exc ...	2002	11897803
survival and growth of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 in ready-to-eat iceberg lettuce washed in warm chlorinated water.	cut iceberg lettuce inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes before and after washing for 3 min in cold (4 degrees c) and warm (47 degrees c) water containing 100 mg/liter total chlorine was stored at i and 10 degrees c in oxygen-permeable film packages (6,000 to 8,000 cc/m2/24 h). cold chlorinated water was detrimental to the survival of e. coli o157: h7 and l. monocytogenes at both storage temperatures. in contrast, washing in warm chlorinated water favored the growt ...	2002	11899043
control of natural microbial flora and listeria monocytogenes in vacuum-packaged trout at 4 and 10 degrees c using irradiation.	the effect of gamma irradiation on the natural microflora of whole salted vacuum-packaged trout at 4 and 10 degrees c was studied. in addition, the effectiveness of gamma irradiation in controlling listeria monocytogenes inoculated into trout was investigated. irradiation at doses of 0.5 and 2 kgy affected populations of bacteria, namely, pseudomonas spp., brochothrix thermosfacta, lactic acid bacteria, h2s-producing bacteria typical of shewanella putrefaciens, and enterobacteriaceae, at both 4 ...	2002	11899050
laboratory-scale preparation of soft cheese artificially contaminated with low levels of escherichia coli o157, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium, enteritidis, and dublin.	the production of cheese with incurred low levels of pathogenic microorganisms stressed by the production process was the aim of the study. a standard protocol for the preparation of artificially contaminated soft cheese on a laboratory scale was developed. milk for cheese preparation was artificially contaminated with pathogenic target microorganisms at low levels, between 1 and 10 cfu/ml. two strains of escherichia coli oi157:h7, two strains of listeria monocytogenes, and three salmonella spp. ...	2002	11899950
recovery of listeria monocytogenes from vacuum-sealed packages of frankfurters: comparison of the u.s. department of agriculture (usda) food safety and inspection service product composite enrichment method, the usda agricultural research service (ars) product composite rinse method, and the usda-ars package rinse method.	this study compared three methods for the recovery of listeria monocytogenes from commercially prepared and vacuum-packaged frankfurters that were inoculated with a five-strain mixture of this pathogen at averages of 22 and 20,133 cfu per package over three trials. the presence and levels of the pathogen were determined by (i) the u.s. department of agriculture (usda) food safety and inspection service (fsis) product composite enrichment method, involving the selective enrichment of a 25-g compo ...	2002	11899951
listeriolysin o: a genuine cytolysin optimized for an intracellular parasite.	cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs)* are produced by a large number of pathogenic gram-positive bacteria. a member of this family, listeriolysin o (llo), is produced by the intracellular pathogen listeria monocytogenes. a unique feature of llo is its low optimal ph activity (approximately 6) which permits escape of the bacterium from the phagosome into the host cell cytosol without damaging the plasma membrane of the infected cell. in a recent study (glomski et al., 2002, this issue), portno ...	2002	11901162
the listeria monocytogenes hemolysin has an acidic ph optimum to compartmentalize activity and prevent damage to infected host cells.	listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that escapes from a phagosome and grows in the host cell cytosol. the pore-forming cholesterol-dependent cytolysin, listeriolysin o (llo), mediates bacterial escape from vesicles and is approximately 10-fold more active at an acidic than neutral ph. by swapping dissimilar residues from a ph-insensitive orthologue, perfringolysin o (pfo), we identified leucine 461 as unique to pathogenic listeria and responsible for the acid ...	2002	11901168
[persistent vegetative state after meningitis due to listeria monocytogenes].		2002	11904086
wild-type intracellular bacteria deliver dna into mammalian cells.	gene transfer in vitro from intracellular bacteria to mammalian phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells and in vivo in mice has been reported. the bacteria used as dna delivery vectors were engineered to lyze upon entry in the cell due to impaired cell wall synthesis for shigella flexneri and invasive escherichia coli, or production of a phage lysin for listeria mono- cytogenes. in vivo gene transfer was obtained with attenuated salmonella typhimurium and resulted in stimulation of mucosal immunity. ...	2002	11906454
oxidised mannan-listeriolysin o conjugates induce th1/th2 cytokine responses after intranasal immunisation.	clearance of infectious organisms does not always require polarised th1 or th2 responses and it may be advantageous for both th1 and th2 responses to be elicited for effective protection against an invading pathogen. it was the aim of this study to investigate oxidised mannan as a possible th1/th2 adjuvant. oxidised mannan was conjugated to two candidate antigens and delivered intranasally to mice. immunisation with the oxidised conjugate resulted in significant antigen specific proliferative re ...	2002	11906778
the ifn-inducible golgi- and endoplasmic reticulum- associated 47-kda gtpase iigp is transiently expressed during listeriosis.	members of the 47-kda gtpase family are implicated in an ifn-gamma-induced, as yet unclear, mechanism that confers innate resistance against infection with intracellular pathogens. overt immunological parameters are apparently uncompromised in mice deficient for individual members and the prototype of this family, igtp, localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum. this suggests that these gtpases are involved in intracellular defense. we analyzed the expression of the 47-kda gtpase cognate, iigp, in ...	2002	11907101
correlation of long-range membrane order with temperature-dependent growth characteristics of parent and a cold-sensitive, branched-chain-fatty-acid-deficient mutant of listeria monocytogenes.	listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne, pathogenic, psychrotolerant bacterium that grows at refrigeration temperatures. long-range membrane order of the parent (10403s) and of a cold-sensitive mutant ( cld-1) deficient in odd-numbered, branched-chain fatty acids was measured using the width of the central line of spectra of an electron paramagnetic resonance probe, 4,4-dimethyl-2-heptyl-2-hexyloxazolidine- n-oxyl (7n14), that locates deep in the hydrocarbon region of the membranes. the line widt ...	2002	11907677
listeria monocytogenes rela and hpt mutants are impaired in surface-attached growth and virulence.	we describe here the identification and characterization of two listeria monocytogenes (tn917-ltv3) rela and hpt transposon insertion mutants that were impaired in growth after attachment to a model surface. both mutants were unable to accumulate (p)ppgpp in response to amino acid starvation, whereas the wild-type strain accumulated (p)ppgpp within 30 min of stress induction. the induction of transcription of the rela gene after adhesion was demonstrated, suggesting that the ability to mount a s ...	2002	11790730
overexpression of il-15 in vivo increases antigen-driven memory cd8+ t cells following a microbe exposure.	to elucidate potential roles of il-15 in the maintenance of memory cd8+ t cells, we followed the fate of ag-specific cd8+ t cells directly visualized with mhc class i tetramers coupled with listeriolysin o (llo)(91-99) in il-15 transgenic (tg) mice after listeria monocytogenes infection. the numbers of llo(91-99)-positive memory cd8+ t cells were significantly higher at 3 and 6 wk after infection than those in non-tg mice. the llo(91-99)-positive cd8+ t cells produced ifn-gamma in response to ll ...	2002	11801655
oxidised mannan as a novel adjuvant inducing mucosal iga production.	mannan, oxidatively coupled to recombinant protein antigens, has here been tested as a possible adjuvant for the production of antibody on the mucosa. given intranasally, but not intraperitoneally, mannan markedly enhanced the production of iga, igg1 and igg2a in the serum, and iga locally in the lung and at remote mucosal sites, including tears, vaginal and salivary secretions. oxidative coupling was critical to its action, since neither mannan simply mixed with protein nor mannan-protein conju ...	2002	11803067
bactericidal properties of human and murine groups i, ii, v, x, and xii secreted phospholipases a(2).	group iia secreted phospholipase a(2) (spla2) is known to display potent gram-positive bactericidal activity in vitro and in vivo. we have analyzed the bactericidal activity of the full set of recombinant murine and human groups i, ii, v, x, and xii spla2s on listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, and escherichia coli. the rank order potency among human spla2s against gram-positive bacteria is group iia > x > v > xii > iie > ib, iif (for murine spla2s: iia > iid > v > iie > iic, x > ib, ...	2002	11694541
chemical sympathectomy alters numbers of splenic and peritoneal leukocytes.	sympathectomy of balb/c mice that were injected with either listeria monocytogenes or saline did not affect the total number of splenic leukocytes measured 1-3 days after injection, but sympathectomy did increase the percentages of neutrophils in the spleens of both infected and uninfected mice. by contrast, sympathectomy was associated with increased numbers of peritoneal exudate cells (pec) and peritoneal macrophages in both groups of mice. sympathectomy did not affect tumor necrosis factor-al ...	2002	11846441
hiv-1 infection of primary effusion lymphoma cell line triggers kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) reactivation.	kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a gammaherpesvirus etiologically linked to primary effusion lymphoma (pel), to a subset of multicentric castleman's disease and to kaposi's sarcoma (ks), the most common neoplasm associated with aids. among kshv-infected individuals, the risk of ks is much higher in those with human immunodeficiency-1 (hiv-1) infection than among those with other types of immunosuppression, suggesting a direct action of hiv-1 on kshv replication. we show in our r ...	2002	11857356
viability of a five-strain mixture of listeria monocytogenes in vacuum-sealed packages of frankfurters, commercially prepared with and without 2.0 or 3.0% added potassium lactate, during extended storage at 4 and 100 degrees c.	the viability of listeria monocytogenes was monitored on frankfurters containing added potassium lactate that were obtained directly from a commercial manufacturer. eight links (ca. 56 g each) were transferred aseptically from the original vacuum-sealed bulk packages into nylon-polyethylene bags. each bag then received a 4-ml portion of a five-strain mixture of the pathogen. frankfurters containing 2.0 or 3.0% potassium lactate were evaluated using 20 cfu per package, and frankfurters containing ...	2002	11858193
serpin 2a is induced in activated macrophages and conjugates to a ubiquitin homolog.	after i.p. infection of mice with the intracellular bacterium mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin, macrophages recovered from the peritoneal cavity display classical signs of immune activation. we have identified a member of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family which is highly induced in macrophages during bacillus calmette-guérin infection. serpin 2a (spi2a) expression is also induced in macrophages in vivo during infection with salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogene ...	2002	11859133
opportunistic infections after renal transplantation.	opportunistic infection is a serious clinical complication in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy after kidney transplantation. this article deals with some of the possible infectious agents that were recently encountered at our transplantation centre in düsseldorf, germany. opportunistic organsims such as human herpesviruses 6-8, polyomavirus, parvovirus b19, varicella zoster virus, nocardia and listeria monocytogenes are rare but severe complications that are presented in this overvie ...	2002	11859257
initial characterization of the streptococcus gordonii htpx gene.	examination of the streptococcus gordonii chromosomal region, which lies immediately upstream of the glucosyltransferase positive regulatory determinant rgg, revealed two open reading frames. based on nucleotide sequences, these genes were similar to the listeria monocytogenes lema gene, which is involved in antigen presentation, and the escherichia coli htpx heat shock gene, which has an unknown function. northern hybridization analysis indicated that s. gordonii lema and htpx genes were associ ...	2002	11860552
listeria monocytogenes: clinical and experimental update.	listeria monocytogenes, a small gram-positive bacillus, causes sepsis and meningitis in immunocompromised patients and a devastating maternal/fetal infection in pregnant women. recent outbreaks demonstrated that l. monocytogenes can cause gastroenteritis in otherwise healthy individuals and more severe invasive disease in immunocompromised patients. centralized processing in the food industry may be the cause of these large-scale listeriosis outbreaks. the mouse model of listeriosis, which was d ...	2002	11865436
[study of antibiotic influence on adherence capacity of gram positive and gram negative bacteria to the cellular substrate].	bacterial adherence to the cellular substrate (skin and mucosa) represents a precondition of infectious pathology. it was demonstrated that bacteria which adhere and form biofilms on catheters and other inert materials used in medicine are resistant to the therapeutic antibiotic concentrations being protected by the biofilm mathrix and generating severe and hard to treat infections. there are only few studies on the influence of antibiotics on the bacterial adhesins synthesis and bacterial adher ...	2002	15085601
listeria monocytogenes--host interaction.	both innate and adaptive immunity against listeria monocytogenes are essential in circumventing or fighting the disease, although there is no clear delineation of the precise role of either in listeriosis. a consistent amount of in vivo experiments have generated a complex picture over the impact of listerial infection on the hosts, and they are shortly reviewed in this paper.	2002	15055261
[neural listeriosis presenting as leptomeningitis: a case report].	the listeria monocytogenes infection is rare and difficult to diagnosis. however, it is associated with a high mortality in adults. a case is presented of a 78-year-old woman with an immunological deficit following viral infection (herpes zoster).	2002	12715698
[evaluation of the activity of probiotic cultures over listeria monocytogenes during the production and storage of yogurt].	the effect of probiotic cultures over listeria monocytogenes during the production and storage of yogurt was evaluated. a yogurt mixture (10.6% non-fat solid liquids, 3% fat and 0.3% gelatin) was prepared, homogenized and pasteurized. yogurt was inoculated with 0, 10(2), 10(4) and 10(6) cfu/ml of l. monocytogenes and 0.02% of traditional lactic culture yc 180 (streptococcus thermophilus and lactobacillus bulgaricus) and probiotic culture aby-1 (bifidobacterium longum, b. bifidum, b, infantis, la ...	2002	12868278
[analysis of specific nucleotide sequences. dna biosensors].	information about common molecular-biological approaches for the determination of the specific nucleotide sequences in genetic materials was given in the review. main attention was paid to consideration of the ways for dna biosensor creation. the information about the types of such biosensors was presented in detail and characteristics of the developed devices were cited. separately the question about the use of the instrumental analytical approaches for the identification of genetic materials o ...	2002	12924012
immunostimulatory activity of aminoalkyl glucosaminide 4-phosphates (agps): induction of protective innate immune responses by rc-524 and rc-529.	earlier we showed that the structural requirements for adjuvanticity among the aminoalkyl glucosaminide 4-phosphate (agp) class of synthetic immunostimulants may be less strict than those for other endotoxic activities, including the induction of nitric oxide synthase in murine macrophages and cytokine production in human whole blood. the known role of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the activation of host defenses against infection prompted us to examine the ability of certain ag ...	2002	12697089
ribdb: an srs based infrastructure for realis.	the realis project is an eu-funded consortium for the post genomic analysis of the food pathogen listeria monocytogenes. the data generated by the consortium members is stored under the ribdb database, a system built using srs which integrates consortium data, public databases, and applications for analysis. ribdb is available to all consortium members through a web server, with the option of installing a local mirror of the main server for local analysis.	2002	18628878
realis: postgenomic analysis of listeria monocytogenes.	listeria monocytogenes is a remarkably successful food-borne pathogen. it is capable a) of surviving and proliferating under conditions that exist within the food chain, such as at low temperatures, high salt and low ph and b) of colonizing animal host tissues after ingestion of contaminated food, causing opportunistic infections mainly, but not exclusively, in immunocompromised hosts. the ultimate goals of realis are two fold: firstly, it aims to completely decipher all genes required for survi ...	2002	18628879
bacteriological safety issues in red meat and ready-to-eat meat products, as well as control measures.	the importance of eschericha coli o157, listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium dt104 as meat-borne pathogens is well established. pathogenic bacteria such as aeromonas spp., arcobacter spp., psychrotrophic bacillus cereus, campylobacter spp., clostridium botulinum and non-invasive listeria monocytogenes can be regarded as rookies, but not yet firmly associated with today's production of red meat and meat products. the development of pcr and other dna-based techniques will shed new lig ...	2002	22061614
inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by a bacteriocinogenic lactobacillus sake strain in modified atmosphere-packaged brazilian sausage.	lactobacillus sake 2a is a bacteriocinogenic strain isolated from "lingüiça frescal", a brazilian sausage. the combined effect of modified-atmosphere (ma) packaging (100% co(2) and 50% co(2)/50% n(2)) and addition of l. sake 2a on inhibition of growth of listeria monocytogenes was evaluated in "lingüiça" stored at 6 °c. by the end of the first week, the inhibition of l. monocytogenes due to ma was significant (p?0.05) while the presence of l. sake 2a did not influence significantly the growth of ...	2002	22061076
new mild technologies in meat processing: high pressure as a model technology.	as a consequence of market globalization, the production and manufacture of meat products is at a stage of innovative dynamics. consumers demand high quality and convenient meat products, with natural flavour and taste, and very much appreciate the fresh appearance of minimally processed food. to harmonize or to blend all these demands without compromising safety, it is necessary to implement new preservation technologies in the meat industry and in the food industry in general. high hydrostatic ...	2002	22061612
clinical presentation of acute bacterial meningitis in qatar.	to study the changes in the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in the era of the hemophilus influenzae (h. influenzae) type b vaccine and pneumoccous resistance.	2002	23978859
cerebellar abscess due to listeria monocytogenes.	brain abscess due to listeria monocytogenes mainly involves the cerebral hemispheres. cerebellar abscess is an infrequent event, which could lead to rapid neurological deterioration if unrecognized. we present a case of multiple brain stem and cerebellar abscesses in a previously healthy individual exposed to unpasteurized milk. this is the 2nd case of cerebellar abscess due to listeria monocytogenes reported in the english literature. the diagnosis of listeria monocytogenes was made in the surg ...	2002	23978925
cd2+ and the n-terminal metal-binding domain protect the putative membranous cpc motif of the cd2+-atpase of listeria monocytogenes.	cada, the cd(2+)-atpase of listeria monocytogenes, contains four cysteine residues: two in the ctnc (cys-thr-asn-cys) sequence in the cytoplasmic metal-binding domain (mbd), and two in the cpc (cys-pro-cys) sequence in the membrane domain. taking advantage of deltambd, a truncated version of cada that lacks the mbd but which still acts as a functional cd(2+)-atpase [bal, mintz, guillain and catty (2001) febs lett. 506, 249-252], we analysed the role of the membrane cysteine residues (studied usi ...	2003	12383056
estimation of low bacterial concentration: listeria monocytogenes in raw milk.	a time-series bacteriological analysis has been carried out on milk collected on farms from 1997 to 2001 by a plant producing raw milk soft cheese, with the purpose of assessing the time course of the presence/absence of listeria monocytogenes. a standard data collection procedure was used, in which farms were tested on a monthly or biweekly basis and 2-3 days after the detection of milk tanker contamination. this procedure yielded low figures for contamination frequencies. the average value and ...	2003	12430767
effects of cis-nonachlor, trans-nonachlor and chlordane on the immune system of sprague-dawley rats following a 28-day oral (gavage) treatment.	the immunotoxicity of cis- and trans-nonachlor and chlordane were investigated in adult male and female sprague-dawley rats following a 28-day oral (gavage) treatment. rats were randomly assigned to six experimental groups: cis-nonachlor, females; trans-nonachlor, females; technical chlordane females; cis-nonachlor, males; trans-nonachlor, males; technical chlordane, males. the immunologic endpoints included: quantification of the total serum immunoglobulin (ig) levels and subclasses and flow cy ...	2003	12453735
detection of pathogenic listeria spp. in zoo animal faeces: use of immunomagnetic separation and a chromogenic isolation medium.	faecal samples, collected from 200 healthy animals in antwerp zoo, were examined for the presence of pathogenic listeria spp. a two-stage standard isolation (iso) method was combined with immunomagnetic separation (ims). aloa agar, a chromogenic isolation medium, differentiating listeria spp. on the basis of beta-glucosidase and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (piplc) activity, was compared with palcam agar. confirmation of the isolates was based on conventional biochemical tests a ...	2003	12458161
estimation of uncertainty and variability in bacterial growth using bayesian inference. application to listeria monocytogenes.	the usefulness of risk assessment is limited by its ability or inability to model and evaluate risk uncertainty and variability separately. a key factor of variability and uncertainty in microbial risk assessment could be growth variability between strains and growth model parameter uncertainty. in this paper, we propose a bayesian procedure for growth parameter estimation which makes it possible to separate these two components by means of hyperparameters. this model incorporates in a single st ...	2003	12457583
the development of an efficient and rapid enzyme linked fluorescent assay method for the detection of listeria spp. from foods.	conventional isolation methods, including the health products and food branch (hpfb), health canada method used for the isolation and identification of listeria species and listeria monocytogenes from foods and environmental samples, can take a week or more to complete and are usually labor-intensive. this has led to the development of various rapid methods which attempt to generate results comparable to standard methods but in a reduced time-frame with less hands-on operation. our previous work ...	2003	12457586
isolation of nisin-producing lactococcus lactis wnc 20 strain from nham, a traditional thai fermented sausage.	a total of 14,020 lactic acid bacteria (lab) were isolated from nham and screened for bacteriocin production. one lactococcus lactis strain wnc 20 produced a bacteriocin that not only inhibited closely related lab, but also some food-borne pathogens including listeria monocytogenes, clostridium perfringens, bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus. biochemical studies revealed that the bacteriocin was heat-stable even at autoclaving temperature (121 degrees c for 15 min) and was active over a w ...	2003	12457588
antibacterial activity of extracts from some edible plants commonly consumed in asia.	extracts of edible plants (26 species) from china, japan, thailand and yemen were screened for their antibacterial activity against bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli and salmonella infantis. buffered methanol (80% methanol and 20% pbs) and acetone extracted inhibitory substances against tested bacteria from 16 plants, as revealed by the disc assay. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of extracts determined by the agar dilution method ranged ...	2003	12423924
interactive inhibition of meat spoilage and pathogenic bacteria by lysozyme, nisin and edta in the presence of nitrite and sodium chloride at 24 degrees c.	to develop a nisin- and lysozyme-based antimicrobial treatment for use with processed ham and bologna, in vitro experiments were conducted to determine whether inhibition enhancing interactions occur between the antimicrobials lysozyme, chrisin (a commercial nisin preparation), edta, nacl and nano(2). inhibitory interactions were observed between a number of agents when used against specific pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. the observed interactions included lysozyme with edta (enterococcus fae ...	2003	12423927
multiple regions of internalin b contribute to its ability to turn on the ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.	internalin b (inlb) is a protein present on the surface of listeria monocytogenes that mediates bacterial entry into mammalian cells. it is thought that inlb acts by binding directly to the hepatocyte growth factor (hgf) receptor, present on the surface of host cells. binding of inlb to the hgf receptor results in mitogen-activated protein (map) kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation, followed by changes in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. here we have compared signaling by h ...	2003	12488439
cold and carbon dioxide used as multi-hurdle preservation do not induce appearance of viable but non-culturable listeria monocytogenes.	to study whether the exposure to cold (4 degrees c) and carbon dioxide which results in the elongation of listeria cells, induces a viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state.	2003	12492922
occurrence of listeria spp. in critical control points and the environment of minas frescal cheese processing.	critical control points (ccps) associated with minas frescal cheese (a brazilian soft white cheese, eaten fresh) processing in two dairy factories were determined using flow diagrams and microbiological tests for detection of listeria monocytogenes and other species of listeria. a total of 218 samples were collected along the production line and environment. the ccps identified were reception of raw milk, pasteurization, coagulation and storage. thirteen samples were positive for listeria; 9 sam ...	2003	12485750
antimicrobial activity of essential oils isolated from portuguese endemic species of thymus.	thymus species are wild species mostly found in the arid lands of portugal. possible antimicrobial properties of thymus essential oils have been investigated. the chemical composition of the essential oils and the antimicrobial activity of thymus mastichina (l) l. subsp. mastichina, t. camphoratus and t. lotocephalus from different regions of portugal were analysed.	2003	12485339
invasion of mammalian cells by listeria monocytogenes: functional mimicry to subvert cellular functions.	the bacterium listeria monocytogenes has the unusual capacity to enter and to multiply in nonphagocytic cells. bacterially induced phagocytosis is triggered mainly by the two surface proteins internalin (also called inla) and inlb, which interact with host cell receptors and either mimic or act in place of the normal cellular ligands. internalin interacts specifically with human e-cadherin, whereas inlb activates the tyrosine kinase receptor met and also interacts with the ubiquitous receptor gc ...	2003	12480337
antibodies present in normal human serum inhibit invasion of human brain microvascular endothelial cells by listeria monocytogenes.	listeria monocytogenes causes meningitis and encephalitis in humans and crosses the blood-brain barrier by yet unknown mechanisms. the interaction of the bacteria with different types of endothelial cells was recently analyzed, and it was shown that invasion into, but not adhesion to, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hbmec) depends on the product of the inlb gene, the surface molecule inlb, which is a member of the internalin multigene family. in the present study we analyzed the rol ...	2003	12496153
effective induction of acquired resistance to listeria monocytogenes by immunizing mice with in vivo-infected dendritic cells.	splenic dendritic cells (dcs) obtained from mice at 48 h after listeria monocytogenes infection exhibited up-regulation of cd80 and produced higher titers of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) and interleukin-12 (il-12) than did dcs obtained from uninfected mice. mice immunized with dcs obtained from mice that had been infected with l. monocytogenes 48 h before acquired host resistance to lethal infection with l. monocytogenes at 4 and 8 weeks. immunization with dcs from heat-killed l. monocytogenes f ...	2003	12496156
seeligeriolysin o, a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin of listeria seeligeri, induces gamma interferon from spleen cells of mice.	seeligeriolysin o (lso), one of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysins produced by listeria seeligeri, shows 80% homology to listeriolysin o (llo) produced by listeria monocytogenes at the amino acid sequence level. in addition to cytolytic activity, llo has been shown to exhibit cytokine-inducing activity. in order to determine whether lso is also capable of exhibiting these two different activities, we constructed a recombinant full-length lso (rlso530) and a noncytolytic truncated derivative wi ...	2003	12496171
identification of lpea, a psaa-like membrane protein that promotes cell entry by listeria monocytogenes.	the intracellular life of listeria monocytogenes starts by a complex process of entry involving several bacterial ligands and eukaryotic receptors. in this work, we identified in silico from the sequence of the genome of l. monocytogenes a previously unknown gene designated lpea (for lipoprotein promoting entry) encoding a 35-kda protein homologous to psaa, a lipoprotein belonging to the lrai family and implicated in the cell adherence of streptococcus pneumoniae and related species. by construc ...	2003	12496198
listeria monocytogenes meningitis in a patient with chronic hepatitis c infection, treated by interferon alfa and ribavirin.	we present a patient with chronic hepatitis c infection without cirrhosis, treated by interferon alfa and ribavirin, who developed listeria monocytogenes meningitis. the possible pathophysiological association is discussed, along with therapeutic implications.	2003	12504615
a simple method for the differentiation of listeria monocytogenes based on induction of lecithinase activity by charcoal.	the plcb phospholipase c, or lecithinase, is an important listerial virulence factor of potential use as a pathogenicity marker for listeria spp. food isolates. however, wild-type strains of listeria monocytogenes express virulence factors very poorly in vitro and their lecithinase activity is normally difficult to detect on agar plates. we recently reported that the production of listerial virulence factors is strongly induced if l. monocytogenes is grown in the presence of activated charcoal. ...	2003	12505463
detection of listeria monocytogenes using a pcr/dna probe assay.		2003	12512364
a postgenomic appraisal of osmotolerance in listeria monocytogenes.		2003	12513970
role of ctc from listeria monocytogenes in osmotolerance.	listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen with the ability to grow under conditions of high osmolarity. in a previous study, we reported the identification of 12 proteins showing high induction after salt stress. one of these proteins is highly similar to the general stress protein ctc of bacillus subtilis. in this study, induction of ctc after salt stress was confirmed at the transcriptional level by using rna slot blot experiments. to explore the role of the ctc gene product in resistanc ...	2003	12513990
attachment of listeria monocytogenes to radish tissue is dependent upon temperature and flagellar motility.	outbreaks of listeriosis and febrile gastroenteritis have been linked to produce contamination by listeria monocytogenes. in order to begin to understand the physiology of the organism in a produce habitat, the ability of l. monocytogenes to attach to freshly cut radish tissue was examined. all strains tested had the capacity to attach sufficiently well such that they could not be removed during washing of the radish slices. a screen was developed to identify tn917-ltv3 mutants that were defecti ...	2003	12514003
composite surface for blocking bacterial adsorption on protein biochips.	the design and fabrication of protein biochips requires characterization of blocking agents that minimize nonspecific binding of proteins or organisms. nonspecific adsorption of escherichia coli, listeria innocua, and listeria monocytogenes is prevented by bovine serum albumin (bsa) or biotinylated bsa adsorbed on sio(2) surfaces of a biochip that had been modified with a c(18) coating. biotinylated bsa forms a protein-based surface that in turn binds streptavidin. because streptavidin has multi ...	2003	12514811
critical role of the carboxyl terminus of proline-rich tyrosine kinase (pyk2) in the activation of human neutrophils by tumor necrosis factor: separation of signals for the respiratory burst and degranulation.	transduction of tat-tagged fusion proteins confirmed a hypothesis based on pharmacologic inhibitors (fuortes, m., m. melchior, h. han, g.j. lyon, and c. nathan. 1999. j. clin. invest. 104:327-335) that proline-rich tyrosine kinase (pyk2) plays a critical role in the activation of adherent human neutrophils, and allowed an analysis of individual pyk2 domains not possible with chemical inhibitors. acting as a dominant negative, the cooh terminus of pyk2 fused to a tat peptide (tat-ct), but not oth ...	2003	12515814
inhibitory activity of spices and essential oils on psychrotrophic bacteria.	this study was designed to evaluate "in vitro" the inhibitory effects of spices and essential oils on the growth of psycrotrophic food-borne bacteria: aeromonas hydrophila, listeria monocytogenes and yersinia enterocolitica. the sensitivity to nine spices and their oils (chilli, cinnamon, cloves, ginger, nutmeg, oregano, rosemary, sage, thyme) was studied. antibacterial activity was evaluated on liquid and solid medium. spices: 1% concentration of each spice was added separately to triptic soy b ...	2003	12578319
the effect of electrolyzed oxidative water applied using electrostatic spraying on pathogenic and indicator bacteria on the surface of eggs.	research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of electrolyzed oxidative (eo) water applied using an electrostatic spraying system (ess) for killing populations of bacteria that are of concern to the poultry industry. populations of pathogenic bacteria (salmonella typhimurium, staphylococcus aureus, and listeria monocytogenes), and the indicator bacterium escherichia coli were applied to eggs and allowed to attach for 1 h. eo water completely eliminated all salmonella typhimurium on 3, 7, 1 ...	2003	12580260
in vitro study of listeria monocytogenes infection to murine primary and human transformed b cells.	immunity to listeria monocytogenes is largely mediated by t lymphocytes. recently, b lymphocytes or their secreted products are implicated to provide immunity against l. monocytogenes infection. to understand whether l. monocytogenes can infect and kill b cells as a possible strategy to initiate an infection, we examined the effects of l. monocytogenes on a human b lymphoma (ramos ra-1) and mouse primary b cells in vitro. l. monocytogenes infection resulted in significantly (p<or=0.05) high cyto ...	2003	12581746
incidence of fecal carriage of listeria monocytogenes in three healthy volunteers: a one-year prospective stool survey.	the aim of this study was to establish the incidence of fecal carriage of listeria monocytogenes in healthy adults. a total of 868 stool specimens from three healthy volunteers (1 male and 2 females; ages 44, 39, and 60 years) were collected between 1 october 2000 and 30 september 2001. culture was performed using fraser broth and palcam selective agar plates. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was performed using probelia listeria monocytogenes (biorad, france). overall, listeria monocytogenes was ...	2003	12582739
identification and disruption of btla, a locus involved in bile tolerance and general stress resistance in listeria monocytogenes.	a transposon tn917 mutant of listeria monocytogenes l028 was isolated on the basis of reduced growth on agar adjusted to ph 5.5. the disrupted gene, designated btla (bile tolerance locus), encodes a putative secondary transporter of the major facilitator superfamily, which has significant homology to yxio in bacillus subtilis (lmo1417 in l. monocytogenes egde). the mutant demonstrated decreased growth rates relative to the wild-type when grown in sub-lethal levels of various stressors (acid, sal ...	2003	12583894
different cellular fatty acid pattern behaviours of two strains of listeria monocytogenes scott a and cnl 895807 under different temperature and salinity conditions.	cells of two strains of listeria monocytogenes cnl 895807 and scott a were grown to late exponential phase at different growth temperatures (37, 20 and 4 degrees c) with or without nacl (7%), and their fatty acid compositions were analysed. the results showed that low thermal adaptation response of l. monocytogenes cnl was different than that of the scott a strain, and it was based on both an increase of anteiso-branched-chain fatty acids and a significant decrease of straight-chain fatty acids. ...	2003	12583912
listeriosis in a free-ranging colobus monkey (colobus guereza caudatus) in kenya.		2003	12585602
partial characterization of bacteriocins produced by environmental strain enterococcus faecium ek13.	the partial characterization of bacteriocins produced by an environmental strain enterococcus faecium ek13, isolated from cattle dung water.	2003	12588562
identification and characterisation of regions in the cellular protein laxp180 and the listeria monocytogenes surface protein acta necessary for the interaction of the two proteins.	the listeria monocytogenes surface protein acta is an important virulence factor that plays an essential role in intracellular movement of listeria cells by inducing actin polymerisation. the acta protein is known to interact with several mammalian proteins including the phosphoprotein vasp, actin and the arp2/3 complex. in a search for additional acta-binding proteins we recently employed the yeast two-hybrid system to search for proteins that interact with acta, and identified, among others, t ...	2003	12589435
[listeria rhombencephalitis. neuroradiological findings].	rhombencephalitis due to listeria monocytogenes is an uncommon and serious form of brainstem infection. the disease has a characteristic biphasic course: a nonspecific prodrome of headache, nausea or vomiting, and fever lasting for a several days is followed by progressive asymmetrical cranial-nerve palsies. we report two cases of listeria monocytogenes rhombencephalitis. the first case is a previously healthy 20 year-old-man who developed fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, followed by numbne ...	2003	12590380
the force-velocity relationship for the actin-based motility of listeria monocytogenes.	the intracellular movement of the bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes has helped identify key molecular constituents of actin-based motility (recent reviews ). however, biophysical as well as biochemical data are required to understand how these molecules generate the forces that extrude eukaryotic membranes. for molecular motors and for muscle, force-velocity curves have provided key biophysical data to distinguish between mechanistic theories. here we manipulate and measure the viscoelas ...	2003	12593799
microbial quality of shrimp products of export trade produced from aquacultured shrimp.	bacteriological quality of individually quick frozen (iqf) shrimp products produced from aquacultured tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) has been analysed in terms of aerobic plate count (apc), coliforms, escherichia coli, coagulase-positive staphylococci, salmonella, and listeria monocytogenes. eight hundred forty-six samples of raw, peeled, and deveined tail-on (rpto), 928 samples of cooked, peeled, and deveined tail-on (cpto), 295 samples of headless, undeveined shell-on (hlso), and 141 samples o ...	2003	12593924
adaptive and cross-adaptive responses of persistent and non-persistent listeria monocytogenes strains to disinfectants.	persistent and non-persistent listeria monocytogenes strains were tested for initial resistance and adaptive and cross-adaptive responses towards two quaternary ammonium compounds, alkyl-benzyl-dimethyl ammonium chloride and n-alkyldimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, one tertiary alkylamine, 1,3-propanediamine-n-(3-aminopropyl)n-dodecyl, sodium hypochlorite and potassium persulphate. the initial resistance of two persistent and two non-persistent l. monocytogenes strains was observed to diff ...	2003	12593929
severe impairment in early host defense against listeria monocytogenes in mice deficient in acid sphingomyelinase.	the phagolysosomal compartment is crucial for the defense against infection with intracellular pathogens. within this compartment, the tnf- and ifn-gamma-responsive acid sphingomyelinase (asmase) generates the signaling molecule ceramide, resulting in the activation of proteases like cathepsin d. to investigate the possible role of asmase as a mediator of the antibacterial effects of tnf and ifn-gamma, asmase(-/-) mice were infected with listeria monocytogenes. asmase(-/-) mice showed a dramatic ...	2003	12594290
enteral immunization with attenuated recombinant listeria monocytogenes as a live vaccine vector: organ-dependent dynamics of cd4 t lymphocytes reactive to a leishmania major tracer epitope.	listeria monocytogenes is considered as a potential live bacterial vector, particularly for the induction of cd8 t cells. the cd4 t-cell immune response triggered after enteral immunization of mice has not yet been thoroughly characterized. the dynamics of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma)- and interleukin-4 (il-4)-secreting cd4 t cells were analyzed after priming through intragastric delivery of an attenuated delta acta recombinant l. monocytogenes strain expressing the leishmania major lack protein ...	2003	12595418
enteric salmonella infection inhibits paneth cell antimicrobial peptide expression.	paneth cells, highly secretory epithelial cells found at the bases of small intestinal crypts, release a variety of microbicidal molecules, including alpha-defensins and lysozyme. the secretion of antimicrobials by paneth cells is thought to be important in mucosal host defense against invasion by enteric pathogens. we explored whether enteric pathogens can interfere with this arm of defense. we found that oral inoculation of mice with wild-type salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium decreases ...	2003	12595421
expression of truncated internalin a is involved in impaired internalization of some listeria monocytogenes isolates carried asymptomatically by humans.	fourteen human carriage listeria monocytogenes isolates were compared to sporadic and epidemic-associated human strains in order to ascertain the pathogenic behavior of these unrecognized asymptomatic strains. experimental infection of 14-day-old chick embryos revealed that the majority of the carriage strains were attenuated for virulence. of the 10 attenuated carriage strains, 5 were affected in their invasion capacities in vitro. western blot analysis with antibody directed against inla, the ...	2003	12595435
effects of ectopically expressed neuronal wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein domains on rickettsia rickettsii actin-based motility.	neuronal wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein (n-wasp) and the actin-related protein 2/3 (arp2/3) complex have emerged as critical host proteins that regulate pathogen actin-based motility. actin tail formation and motility in listeria monocytogenes require the arp2/3 complex but bypasses n-wasp signaling. motility of shigella flexneri and vaccinia virus requires both n-wasp and the arp2/3 complex. functional roles for these cytoskeletal regulatory proteins in actin-based motility of rickettsia rick ...	2003	12595475
nonhuman primate model for listeria monocytogenes-induced stillbirths.	listeria monocytogenes, isolated from outbreaks in either human or nonhuman primate populations, was administered orally at doses ranging from 10(6) to 10(10) cfu. four of 10 treated animals delivered stillborn infants. l. monocytogenes was isolated from fetal tissue, and the pathology was consistent with l. monocytogenes infection as the cause of pregnancy loss. for all pregnancies resulting in stillbirths, l. monocytogenes was isolated from maternal feces, indicating that l. monocytogenes had ...	2003	12595480
n-terminal e-cadherin peptides act as decoy receptors for listeria monocytogenes.	the observation that e-cadherin is the principal epithelial receptor for the bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes led us to investigate whether n-terminal fragments of e-cadherin containing the l. monocytogenes binding domain could inhibit entry of the bacteria into cultured epithelial cells. here we demonstrate that a conditioned medium from a gastric cancer cell line (kato iii) that carries a truncating cdh-1 mutation 3' of the l. monocytogenes binding domain can inhibit the uptake of the ...	2003	12595481
survey of retail alfalfa sprouts and mushrooms for the presence of escherichia coil o157:h7, salmonella, and listeria with bax, and evaluation of this polymerase chain reaction-based system with experimentally contaminated samples.	bax, a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based pathogen detection system, was used to survey retail sprouts and mushrooms for contamination with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, listeria spp., and listeria monocytogenes. no salmonella or e. coli o157:h7 was detected in the 202 mushroom and 206 alfalfa sprout samples screened. l. monocytogenes was detected in one sprout sample, and seven additional sprout samples tested positive for the genus listeria. bax also detected listeria species in 17 ...	2003	12597474
polymerase chain reaction detection of listeria monocytogenes on frankfurters using oligonucleotide primers targeting the genes encoding internalin ab.	a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay targeting the genes encoding internalin ab (inlab) was developed for detecting listeria monocytogenes in pure cell cultures and on artificially contaminated frankfurters. four sets of oligonucleotide primers were evaluated. the set targeting a 902-bp region of the inlab gene was the most specific. this pcr product was detected in 51 l. monocytogenes strains belonging to four different serogroups (1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, and 4b). in contrast, the pcr product was ...	2003	12597483
typing of listeria monocytogenes isolates originating from the food processing industry with automated ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.	a total of 486 listeria monocytogenes isolates originating from 17 finnish food processing plants (representing meat, poultry, fish, and dairy production) were collected and typed by automated ribotyping using ecori as the restriction enzyme. the isolates were divided into 16 different ribotypes (rts). some of these isolates (121), representing all ecori types and 16 food plants, were subjected to ribotyping with the pvuii enzyme, to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) typing with asci and s ...	2003	12597485
assessment of control measures to achieve a food safety objective of less than 100 cfu of listeria monocytogenes per gram at the point of consumption for fresh precut iceberg lettuce.	the important new concept of the food safety objective (fso) offers a strategy to translate public health risk into a definable goal such as a specified maximum frequency or concentration of a hazardous agent in a food at the time of consumption that is deemed to provide an appropriate level of health protection. for the foodborne pathogen listeria monocytogenes, there is a proposed fso of < 100 cfu/g in ready-to-eat (rte) products at the time of consumption. fresh precut iceberg lettuce is one ...	2003	12597486
impact of preheating on the behavior of listeria monocytogenes in a broth that mimics camembert cheese composition.	the effect of preheating on the survival of l. monocytogenes in richard's broth, which mimics the composition of camembert cheese composition, was examined. experiments were carried out to reproduce contamination of cheese with environmental heat-stressed cells of l. monocytogenes surviving hot-cleaning procedures. cells in mid-log phase were heated for 30 min at 56 degrees c before being inoculated into richard's broth. the phs and temperatures of richard's broth were chosen to recreate the con ...	2003	12597487
bacteriology and storage life of moisture-enhanced pork.	this study was undertaken to determine the impact of the moisture enhancement process on the bacterial contamination and storage life of vacuum-packaged pork loins. bone-in and boneless pork loins injected with brine (sodium chloride, sodium phosphate, lemon juice) were obtained from a commercial processing facility and stored for 5 weeks in vacuum packaging at 2 and 5 degrees c. at weekly intervals, samples were excised to determine numbers of spoilage bacteria and pathogens. the loins were sub ...	2003	12597491
prevalence of listeria spp. in feces and carcasses at a lamb packing plant in brazil.	the objective of this work was to study the occurrence of listeria species in feces and on dressed and cooled carcasses of lambs at a packing plant in brazil. listeria spp. were recovered on oxford and palcam agars. the 35 fecal samples yielded listeria welshimeri (20%) and listeria innocua (8.6%). the 69 carcass samples yielded l. innocua (34.8%), listeria monocytogenes (4.3%), and listeria ivanovii (1.5%). more listeria spp. were recovered with two selective agars than with either agar alone.	2003	12597497
in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity of two root canal sealers on macrophage activity.	although some studies have been concerned with the cytotoxicity of endodontic sealers and their components, few have approached the effects of endodontic sealers on macrophage viability and activity. in this study the effect of two zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealers, freshly prepared or after setting for 24 h, was determined on macrophage activity in vitro. sealers were placed inside a glass capillary tube and added to mouse-elicited macrophage cultures. sealers did not affect macrophage viability ...	2003	12597705
safety and steroid-sparing experience using infliximab for crohn's disease at a pediatric inflammatory bowel disease center.	the published experience using infliximab (remicade, centocor, malvern, pa) for the treatment of pediatric crohn's disease is limited but suggests utility in the treatment of refractory disease. experience using infliximab at a large pediatric center is reviewed.	2003	12526944
linked regulation of motility and integrin function in activated migrating neutrophils revealed by interference in remodelling of the cytoskeleton.	neutrophils migrate rapidly by co-ordinating regulation of their beta2-integrin adhesion with turnover of filamentous f-actin. the seven-protein arp2/3 complex regulates actin polymerisation upon activation by proteins of the wasp-family. to investigate links between actin polymerisation, adhesion, and migration, we used a novel osmotic-shock method to load neutrophils with peptides: (1). wasp-wa and scar-wa (which incorporate the actin- and arp2/3-binding regions of wasp and scar1), to compete ...	2003	12529859
protection against murine listeriosis by oral vaccination with recombinant salmonella expressing protective listerial epitopes within a surface-exposed loop of the tolc-protein.	based on the topology of the outer membrane protein tolc of escherichia coli, a new plasmid-encoded system was created which allows the expression of antigenic peptides within permissive, surface-exposed domains of tolc. to assess the capacity of this novel antigen display system, a protective cd4 t-cell epitope of the p60 protein of listeria monocytogenes was inserted within an extracellular loop of the tolc-protein and expressed in surface-exposed form by attenuated salmonella enteritidis. mic ...	2003	12531354
antimicrobial activities against 84 listeria monocytogenes isolates from patients with systemic listeriosis at a comprehensive cancer center (1955-1997).	listeriosis is a serious complication in patients undergoing treatment for cancer. we present antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 84 clinical listeria monocytogenes isolates. during 1955 to 1997, in vitro susceptibility for penicillin (97.6%), ampicillin (90.7%), erythromycin (98.8%), tetracycline (96.9%), and gentamicin (98.0%) remained unchanged. all isolates were susceptible to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, rifampin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx), and vancomycin. high prev ...	2003	12517901
indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase is regulated by ifn-gamma in the mouse placenta during listeria monocytogenes infection.	the tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) is expressed in macrophages that have been differentiated in the presence of csf-1 and is important in the containment of intracellular pathogens. ido also appears to play a role in suppression of t cell responses in a variety of contexts. in the placenta, its enzymatic activity is believed to establish a chemical barrier that protects the fetal allograft from t cell-mediated immune aggression. we have studied the regulation of ...	2003	12517946
enhanced immunological memory responses to listeria monocytogenes in rodents, as measured by delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth), adoptive transfer of dth, and protective immunity, following lactobacillus casei shirota ingestion.	we have investigated the effect of orally administered lactobacillus casei shirota (l. casei) on immunological memory, as measured by delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) and acquired cellular resistance (acr). the studies were performed in animal models in which the animals were rendered immune by a primary listeria monocytogenes infection. it was shown that orally administered viable l. casei, and not heat-killed l. casei, enhanced significantly the antigen-specific dth at 24 and 48 h in wistar ...	2003	12522040
enhanced cytosolic delivery of plasmid dna by a sulfhydryl-activatable listeriolysin o/protamine conjugate utilizing cellular reducing potential.	listeriolysin o (llo), a sulfhydryl-activated pore-forming protein from listeria monocytogenes, was tested and utilized for promoting plasmid dna (pdna) delivery into the cytosol of cells in culture. to render pdna-complexing capability to llo, the unique cysteine 484 of llo was conjugated to polycationic peptide protamine (pn) at a 1:1 molar ratio through a reversible, endosome-labile disulfide bond. the sulfhydryl-oxidized llo construct, llo-s-s-pn, completely lacked its pore-forming activity, ...	2003	12525839