Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| network analysis of the hominin origin of herpes simplex virus 2 from fossil data. | herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv2) is a human herpesvirus found worldwide that causes genital lesions and more rarely causes encephalitis. this pathogen is most common in africa, and particularly in central and east africa, an area of particular significance for the evolution of modern humans. unlike hsv1, hsv2 has not simply co-speciated with humans from their last common ancestor with primates. hsv2 jumped the species barrier between 1.4 and 3 mya, most likely through intermediate but unknown homin ... | 2017 | 28979799 |
| differences in health-related quality of life between hiv-positive and hiv-negative people in zambia and south africa: a cross-sectional baseline survey of the hptn 071 (popart) trial. | the life expectancy of hiv-positive individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (art) is approaching that of hiv-negative people. however, little is known about how these populations compare in terms of health-related quality of life (hrqol). we aimed to compare hrqol between hiv-positive and hiv-negative people in zambia and south africa. | 2017 | 28964756 |
| biologic interactions between hsv-2 and hiv-1 and possible implications for hsv vaccine development. | development of a safe and effective vaccine against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) has the potential to limit the global burden of hsv-2 infection and disease, including genital ulcer disease and neonatal herpes, and is a global sexual and reproductive health priority. another important potential benefit of an hsv-2 vaccine would be to decrease hiv infections, as hsv-2 increases the risk of hiv-1 acquisition several-fold. acute and chronic hsv-2 infection creates ulcerations and draws dendr ... | 2017 | 28958807 |
| novel role for interleukin-17 in enhancing type 1 helper t cell immunity in the female genital tract following mucosal herpes simplex virus 2 vaccination. | it is well established that interferon gamma (ifn-γ) production by cd4+ t cells is critical for antiviral immunity against herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) genital infection. however, the role of interleukin-17a (il-17a) production by cd4+ t cells in hsv-2 antiviral immunity is yet to be elucidated. here we demonstrate that il-17a plays an important role in enhancing antiviral t helper type 1 (th1) responses in the female genital tract (fgt) and is essential for effective protection conferred by h ... | 2017 | 28956763 |
| prevalent herpes simplex virus-2 increases the risk of incident bacterial vaginosis in women from south africa. | studies have shown that women diagnosed with herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) have a higher risk for bacterial vaginosis (bv) infection. we investigated the presence of hsv-2 infections as a risk factor for incident bv infections in high risk, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) uninfected women enrolled in a hiv prevention trial in durban, south africa. the vaginal and oral interventions to control the epidemic trial was a multicentre, double blinded, randomized controlled trial which was designed ... | 2017 | 28956191 |
| low cd4 cells and viral co-infection increase the risk of vain: use of scca1 and ki67 as diagno-prognostic biomarkers. | this study evaluated the correlation of scca1, ki67 and cd4 cell expressions and classified vaginal smears in individuals co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv2), epstein barr virus (ebv) and human papilloma virus (hpv). this crossectional study included 173 participants within the age range of 20-70 years. vaginal smears were stained by papanicolaou technique and classified into high-grade squamous cell intraepithelial lesion (hsil), low-grade squamous ... | 2017 | 29269193 |
| real time pcr to evaluate hsv-2 shedding from anal and genital samples among men who have sex with men, living with hiv. | this study shows the relative quantification of hsv-2 by qpcr, using the miqe guidelines. the reaction efficiency was evaluated, and the relative quantification used the r = 2-δcq method. the relative quantification of hsv-2 was conducted with anal and genital samples from men who have sex with men (msm), living with hiv. the presence of a single amplification product was validated with a dissociation curves profile and the determination of the melting temperature. the limit of detection for β-g ... | 2017 | 29236293 |
| modeling hiv disease progression and transmission at population-level: the potential impact of modifying disease progression in hiv treatment programs. | mathematical models that incorporate hiv disease progression dynamics can estimate the potential impact of strategies that delay hiv disease progression and reduce infectiousness for persons not on antiretroviral therapy (art). suppressive treatment of hiv-positive persons co-infected with herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) with valacyclovir, an hsv-2 antiviral, can lower hiv viral load, but the impact of partially-suppressive valacyclovir relative to fully-suppressive art on population hiv transmis ... | 2017 | 29223580 |
| anti hsv-2 activity of peganum harmala (l.) and isolation of the active compound. | genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). nucleoside analogues such as acyclovir (acv) are the usual therapy for treating hsv infection. however, the overuse of this drug has led to the emergence of resistant strains. therefore, the search for new alternative or complementary molecules to overcome this obstacle is needed. in this objective, peganum harmala was investigated for its hsv-2 activity. the organic extracts of the different plant or ... | 2017 | 29223449 |
| education, early screening and treatment of stis could reduce infertility among women in kenya. | in kenya, sexually transmitted infections (stis) such as chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoea, hiv, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), syphilis and trichomoniasis tend to be prevalent, especially in women. further, the research shows that women who test positive for stis (other than hiv), have little knowledge of these infections. of particular concern, is that there has been little attention on the part of government to educate the general public about stis, yet these diseases can have ... | 2017 | 29209488 |
| hiv and herpes simplex virus type 2 epidemiological synergy: misguided observational evidence? a modelling study. | to investigate whether observational studies of hiv and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections have the capacity to assess the hiv/hsv-2 epidemiological synergy. | 2017 | 29203577 |
| atypical presentation of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection refractory to treatment with acyclovir in 2 hematologic patients. | herpesvirus infections are not uncommon in hematologic patients. our first patient, diagnosed with chronic lymphatic leukemia, presented extensive genital herpes infection refractory to treatment with acyclovir and with a partial response to foscarnet, which had to be withdrawn due to systemic adverse effects. the second patient, diagnosed with follicular hodgkin lymphoma, presented hypertrophic herpes infection refractory to treatment with acyclovir but that responded to intralesional cidofovir ... | 2017 | 29203034 |
| us6 gene deletion in herpes simplex virus type 2 enhances dendritic cell function and t cell activation. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) produce lifelong infections that are associated with frequent asymptomatic or clinically apparent reactivation. importantly, hsv express multiple virulence factors that negatively modulate innate and adaptive immune components. notably, hsv interfere with dendritic cell (dc) viability and function, likely hindering the capacity of the host to mount effective immunity against these viruses. recently, an hsv-2 virus that was deleted in g ... | 2017 | 29176979 |
| prospective cohort study showing persistent hsv-2 shedding in women with genital herpes 2 years after acquisition. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is a prevalent infection with great variability in clinical and virological manifestations among individuals. this prospective cohort study aims to evaluate the natural history of hsv-2 reactivation in the genital area in the same group of women over time. | 2017 | 29175899 |
| pharmacological induction of heme oxygenase-1 impairs nuclear accumulation of herpes simplex virus capsids upon infection. | heme oxygenase-1 (ho-1) is an inducible enzyme that is expressed in response to physical and chemical stresses, such as ultraviolet radiation, hyperthermia, hypoxia, reactive oxygen species (ros), as well as cytokines, among others. its activity can be positively modulated by cobalt protoporphyrin (copp) and negatively by tin protoporphirin (snpp). once induced, ho-1 degrades iron-containing heme into ferrous iron (fe2+), carbon monoxide (co) and biliverdin. importantly, numerous products of ho- ... | 2017 | 29163402 |
| invasive obstetric procedures and cesarean sections in women with known herpes simplex virus status during pregnancy. | neonatal herpes is a potentially devastating infection that results from acquisition of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 or 2 from the maternal genital tract at the time of vaginal delivery. current guidelines recommend (1) cesarean delivery if maternal genital hsv lesions are present at the time of labor and (2) antiviral suppressive therapy for women with known genital herpes to decrease hsv shedding from the genital tract at the time of vaginal delivery. however, most neonatal infections occ ... | 2017 | 29308404 |
| associations between friendship characteristics and hiv and hsv-2 status amongst young south african women in hptn-068. | prevalence of hiv among young women in south africa remains extremely high. adolescent peer groups have been found to be an important influence on a range of health behaviours. the characteristics of young women's friendships might influence their sexual health and hiv risk via connections to sexual partners, norms around sexual initiation and condom use, or provision of social support. we investigated associations between young women's friendships and their herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) a ... | 2017 | 29285883 |
| dual-strain genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection in the us, peru, and 8 countries in sub-saharan africa: a nested cross-sectional viral genotyping study. | quantitative estimation of the extent to which the immune system's protective effect against one herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection protects against infection with additional hsv-2 strains is important for understanding the potential for hsv-2 vaccine development. using viral genotyping, we estimated the prevalence of hsv-2 dual-strain infection and identified risk factors. | 2017 | 29281620 |
| hiv prevalence and associated risk factors among men who have sex with men in dar es salaam, tanzania. | limited studies and differential risk behaviours among men who have sex with men(msm) in africa calls for population specific studies. we present results from the largest integrated bio-behavioural survey among msm in africa to inform programming. | 2017 | 29140871 |
| seropositivity to herpes simplex virus type 2, but not type 1 is associated with cervical cancer: nhanes (1999-2014). | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv1 and hsv2) are infectious agents, and their association with cancer occurrence in human is a controversial topic for decades. we addressed this subject using all available continuous national health and nutrition examination survey (nhanes) cross-sectional data from 1999 to 2014. | 2017 | 29115946 |
| occurrence of viral dna in paired samples of corneal rim and cornea preservation fluid. | corneal transplants have one of the highest success rates among all transplantological procedures. corneas intended for transplantation are stored in a preservation fluid, which is then tested for bacterial and fungal infections. among all analyses of infectious complications following corneal transplants, infections caused by bacteria or fungi are the most prominent. surprisingly, however, apart from a few publications, there is a lack of data regarding the occurrence of viruses in donor cornea ... | 2017 | 27588373 |
| neurotrophic factors ngf, gdnf and ntn selectively modulate hsv1 and hsv2 lytic infection and reactivation in primary adult sensory and autonomic neurons. | herpes simplex viruses (hsv1 and hsv2) establish latency in peripheral ganglia after ocular or genital infection, and can reactivate to produce different patterns and frequencies of recurrent disease. previous studies showed that nerve growth factor (ngf) maintains hsv1 latency in embryonic sympathetic and sensory neurons. however, adult sensory neurons are no longer dependent on ngf for survival, some populations cease expression of ngf receptors postnatally, and the viruses preferentially esta ... | 2017 | 28178213 |
| first estimates of the global and regional incidence of neonatal herpes infection. | neonatal herpes is a rare but potentially devastating condition with an estimated 60% fatality rate without treatment. transmission usually occurs during delivery from mothers with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2) genital infection. however, the global burden has never been quantified to our knowledge. we developed a novel methodology for burden estimation and present first who global and regional estimates of the annual number of neonatal herpes cases during 2010-15. | 2017 | 28153513 |
| bizarre cell dysplasia of the cervix. | the aim of this study was the characterization of a new subtype of high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (hsil) with enlarged cells containing bizarre nuclei: so-called bizarre cell dysplasia (bcd). | 2017 | 28150409 |
| bx-795 inhibits hsv-1 and hsv-2 replication by blocking the jnk/p38 pathways without interfering with pdk1 activity in host cells. | bx-795 is an inhibitor of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (pdk1), but also a potent inhibitor of the ikk-related kinase, tankbinding kinase 1 (tbk1) and ikkɛ. in this study we attempted to elucidate the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the inhibition of bx-795 on herpes simplex virus (hsv) replication. hec-1-a or vero cells were treated with bx-795 and infected with hsv-1 or hsv-2 for different periods. bx-795 (3.125-25 μmol/l) dose-dependently suppressed hsv-2 replication, and displayed ... | 2017 | 28112176 |
| association between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 with cardiac myxoma. | most cases of atrial myxoma are sporadic, and the exact etiology is unknown. we examined if herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1 and hsv-2 antigens and/or dna could be detected in a cohort of iranian patients with cardiac myxomas. from july 2004 to june 2014, among a total of 36,703 patients undergoing open heart surgeries, consecutive patients with cardiac myxoma who were treated by surgical excision at our center included in this study. of 73 patients studied, 56% were female with a mean age of 54 yea ... | 2017 | 28081512 |
| clinical characteristics of herpes simplex virus urethritis compared with chlamydial urethritis among men. | the aim of this study was to ascertain the clinical characteristics associated with herpes simplex virus (hsv) urethritis in men and to compare those with chlamydial urethritis. | 2017 | 28079748 |
| role of type-specific herpes simplex virus-1 and 2 serology as a diagnostic modality in patients with clinically suspected genital herpes: a comparative study in indian population from a tertiary care hospital. | type-specific serology (tss) test for herpes simplex virus (hsv) have been used as a research tool in seroepidemiological studies for some years. however, tss as a diagnostic modality for diagnosis of current episode of genital herpes is not well documented. | 2017 | 27510668 |
| prevalence of herpesviruses in gingivitis and chronic periodontitis: relationship to clinical parameters and effect of treatment. | assess the prevalence of herpesviruses in healthy subjects, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis patients, to assess the relationship between the prevalence of herpesviruses and periodontal clinical parameters, and to evaluate the effect of phase-i therapy on the level of viral detection. | 2017 | 27563201 |
| human herpesviruses as copathogens of hiv infection, their role in hiv transmission, and disease progression. | of eight human herpesviruses (hhvs), often, only herpes simplex virus types 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) find mention in medical literature as both of these viruses are commonly associated with genital lesions and oral ulcers, commonly known as cold sores. however, role of human herpesviruses as copathogens and in aggravation and in the transmission of other human diseases, especially the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (hiv/aids) has only very recently been recognized. therefore, screening and tr ... | 2017 | 27013807 |
| absent anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor nr1a antibodies in herpes simplex virus encephalitis and varicella zoster virus infections. | a 2012 report and subsequent case series described anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (nmdar) antibodies in patients during the acute phase and relapse of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv1) encephalitis (hsv1e). however, the prevalence of this phenomenon is unknown and systematic studies on other viral infections of the nervous system are missing. | 2017 | 26887329 |
| atypical herpetic whitlow: a diagnosis to consider. | herpetic whitlow is caused by herpes virus (type1 or 2) during primary infection or as result of autoinoculation. commonly, it is caused by hsv-2 in adults with positive history for genital infection. we report a rare case of herpetic whitlow that should be kept in mind by physicians in recurrent cases of fingers infection. advanced diagnostic techniques as pcr are required to help clinicians to achieve a definite diagnosis and to choose the right treatment. | 2017 | 28376707 |
| leflunomide in the treatment of a pseudotumoral genital herpes simplex virus infection in an hiv patient. | the patient is a 52-year-old african american man with a past medical history of hiv infection (on antiretroviral therapy, cd4 count 399 cells/µl, and undetectable hiv viral load) and recurrent genital herpes. while on valacyclovir, the patient presented with four tumorous lesions on the perineum and scrotum. a biopsy specimen stained positively with hsv-1 and hsv-2 immunostains and displayed a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. the patient received foscarnet and imiquimod for two weeks with minimal ... | 2017 | 28373917 |
| ancient recombination events between human herpes simplex viruses. | herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) are seen as close relatives but also unambiguously considered as evolutionary independent units. here, we sequenced the genomes of 18 hsv-2 isolates characterized by divergent ul30 gene sequences to further elucidate the evolutionary history of this virus. surprisingly, genome-wide recombination analyses showed that all hsv-2 genomes sequenced to date contain hsv-1 fragments. using phylogenomic analyses, we could also show that two main hsv-2 line ... | 2017 | 28369565 |
| prevalence of neurotropic viruses in malignant glioma and their onco-modulatory potential. | the association between infectious agents and tumour aetiology is relevant in about 20% of cases. | 2017 | 28358704 |
| comparison of commercial methods of immunoblot, elisa, and chemiluminescent immunoassay for detecting type-specific herpes simplex viruses-1 and -2 igg. | serology for type-specific herpes simplex virus (hsv) is based on the use of the respective glycoprotein g (gg). | 2017 | 28332725 |
| peptides derived from glycoproteins h and b of herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 are capable of blocking herpetic infection in vitro. | the aim of this study was to design peptides derived from glycoproteins h (gh) and b (gb) of herpes simplex viruses type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) with the potential to block herpetic infection and to evaluate their ability to inhibit hsv-1 and hsv-2 infection in vitro. | 2017 | 28329739 |
| antiviral activity of pha767491 against human herpes simplex virus in vitro and in vivo. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) is a common human pathogen that causes a variety of diseases, including oral-labial, genital lesions and life-threatening encephalitis. the antiviral nucleoside analogues such as acyclovir are currently used in anti-hsv therapies; however, clinical overuse of these drugs has led to the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains. hence, there is an urgent need to develop new anti-hsv agents. | 2017 | 28320320 |
| worldwide circulation of hsv-2 × hsv-1 recombinant strains. | homo sapiens harbor two distinct, medically significant species of simplexviruses, herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1 and hsv-2, with estimated divergence 6-8 million years ago (mya). unexpectedly, we found that circulating hsv-2 strains can contain hsv-1 dna segments in three distinct genes. using over 150 genital swabs from north and south america and africa, we detected recombinants worldwide. common, widely distributed gene ul39 genotypes are parsimoniously explained by an initial >457 basepair (b ... | 2017 | 28287142 |
| the product of the herpes simplex virus type 2 ul16 gene is critical for the egress of capsids from the nuclei of infected cells. | the herpes simplex virus (hsv) ul16 gene is conserved throughout the herpesviridae and encodes a poorly understood tegument protein. the hsv-1 ul16 protein forms complexes with several viral proteins including ul11, ge, vp22 and ul21. we previously demonstrated that hsv-2 ul21 was essential for virus propagation due to the failure of dna-containing capsids to exit the nucleus. we hypothesized that if a ul16/ul21 complex were required for nuclear egress then hsv-2 lacking ul16 would have a simila ... | 2017 | 28275195 |
| linear multiepitope (glyco)peptides for type-specific serology of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections. | detection of type-specific antibodies is an important and essential part of accurate diagnosis, even in silent carriers of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1 (oral) and hsv-2 (genital) infections. serologic assays that identify hsv-1 and hsv-2 type-specific antibodies have been commercially available for more than a decade but often face problems related to cross-reactivity and similar issues. attempts to identify type-specific peptide epitopes for use in serology for both hsv-1 and hsv-2 have been li ... | 2017 | 28238255 |
| automated processing, extraction and detection of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2: a comparative evaluation of three commercial platforms using clinical specimens. | recently, automated platforms have been developed that can perform processing, extraction and testing for herpes simplex virus (hsv) nucleic acid on a single instrument. | 2017 | 28226272 |
| acute hiv-1 infection presenting with fulminant encephalopathy. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1 directly affects the nervous system, causes distinct neurological symptoms, and indirectly results in opportunistic infections, which include herpes virus simplex (hsv)-1, hsv-2, varicella zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus encephalitis caused by immunodeficiency. early hiv-1 invasion of the central nervous system is also possible, and acute encephalopathy is a potentially lethal complication. we encountered a case of fulminant encephalopathy as a primary pres ... | 2017 | 28201953 |
| hiv and sti s among men who have sex with men in dodoma municipality, tanzania: a cross-sectional study. | to determine the seroprevalence of hiv, sti and related risks among men who have sex with men (msm) in dodoma municipality, tanzania. | 2017 | 28202736 |
| effects of cumulative herpesviridae and toxoplasma gondii infections on cognitive function in healthy, bipolar, and schizophrenia subjects. | schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are associated with cognitive impairment leading to social disruption. while previous studies have focused on the effect of individual infectious exposure, namely, herpesviridae viruses or toxoplasma gondii (t gondii), on cognitive functioning, the objective of the present study was to examine the effect of multiple infections on cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and in healthy controls. | 2017 | 27929612 |
| infection and inflammation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. | the present study investigated the relationship between exposure to infectious agents and inflammation markers in individuals with schizophrenia (sz), bipolar disorder (bp), and controls without a psychiatric disorder. we measured plasma levels of antibodies and innate immune markers and correlated them with clinical symptoms and cognitive function. in both sz and bp, we found an increase in soluble cd14, and in bp an increase in c-reactive protein, igm class antibodies against cytomegalovirus ( ... | 2017 | 27856235 |
| temporal cognitive decline associated with exposure to infectious agents in a population-based, aging cohort. | numerous cross-sectional studies have related exposure to neurotropic infectious agents with cognitive dysfunction in older adults, however, the temporal sequence is uncertain. | 2017 | 26710257 |
| virus reactivations after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation detected by multiplex pcr assay. | several studies have indicated that viral reactivations following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-hsct) are frequent, but viral reactivations after autologous hsct (auto-hsct) have not been investigated in detail. we performed multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to examine multiple viral reactivations simultaneously in 24 patients undergoing auto-hsct between september 2010 and december 2012. weekly whole blood samples were collected from pre- to 42 days post ... | 2017 | 27364410 |
| the infectious etiology of alzheimer's disease. | inflammation is a part of the first line of defense of the body against invasive pathogens, and plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration and repair. a proper inflammatory response ensures the suitable resolution of inflammation and elimination of harmful stimuli, but when the inflammatory reactions are inappropriate it can lead to damage of the surrounding normal cells. the relationship between infections and alzheimer's disease (ad) etiology, especially late-onset ad (load) has been continuo ... | 2017 | 28294067 |
| investigation on the association between thyroid tumorigeneses and herpesviruses. | herpesviruses have been associated with various human malignancies and with thyroid autoimmunity. aiming to investigate the presence of these viruses in thyroid nodules, we analyzed serum and thyroid tissue from 183 patients (83 benign and 100 malignant thyroid nodules). we also obtained 104 normal thyroid tissues extracted from the contralateral lobe of these patients. we used elisa to screen the serology of all patients and a real-time quantitative pcr to analyze thyroid tissue viral load in a ... | 2017 | 28276007 |
| effect of mycoplasma hominis and cytomegalovirus infection on pregnancy outcome: a prospective study of 200 mongolian women and their newborns. | in mongolia, diagnostic tests for the detection of the sexually transmitted mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, herpes simplex virus (hsv), and cytomegalovirus (cmv) are currently not routinely used in clinical settings and the frequency of these stis are enigmatic. the prevalence of these sti pathogens were prospectively evaluated among 200 mongolian pregnant women and their newborns and correlated with pregnancy outcome. taqman pcrs were used to detect bacterial and viral sti pathogens in pre-birth vagi ... | 2017 | 28257513 |
| maternal immunoreactivity to herpes simplex virus 2 and risk of autism spectrum disorder in male offspring. | maternal infections during pregnancy are associated with risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (asds). proposed pathogenetic mechanisms include fetal infection, placental inflammation, and maternal cytokines or antibodies that cross the placenta. the autism birth cohort comprises mothers, fathers, and offspring recruited in norway in 1999 to 2008. through questionnaire screening, referrals, and linkages to a national patient registry, 442 mothers of children w ... | 2017 | 28251181 |
| future prospects for new vaccines against sexually transmitted infections. | this review provides an update on the need, development status, and important next steps for advancing development of vaccines against sexually transmitted infections (stis), including herpes simplex virus (hsv), neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrhea), chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia), and treponema pallidum (syphilis). | 2017 | 27922851 |
| diclofenac-based hydrazones and spirothiazolidinones: synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties. | we report here the synthesis, structural characterization, and biological evaluation of novel diclofenac-based hydrazone (4a-f) and spirothiazolidinone (5a-f, 6a-f) derivatives designed as potential antimicrobial agents. the compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antiviral activity against a wide spectrum of dna and rna viruses. they were further screened in vitro against different strains of bacteria and fungi. the hydrazone derivatives, 4a and 4c-f, were found to be active against herpesv ... | 2017 | 28370198 |
| establishment of multiplex solid-phase strip pcr test for detection of 24 ocular infectious disease pathogens. | to establish and evaluate a new multiplex solid-phase strip polymerase chain reaction (strip pcr) for concurrent detection of common ocular infectious disease pathogens. | 2017 | 28282487 |
| sexually transmitted infection risk among women is not fully explained by partner numbers. | increased sexual partner numbers may contribute to sexually transmitted infection (sti) risk for some but not all women. this study compared women reporting having four or more partners during the preceding year (multiple partnership group) with those reporting having one partner (single partnership group) with regard to sexually risky behaviors and other modifiable predictors of sti risk. we also compared the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, her ... | 2017 | 28257539 |
| costing of national sti program implementation for the global sti control strategy for the health sector, 2016-2021. | in 2016 the world health assembly adopted the global strategy on sexually transmitted infections (sti) 2016-2021 aiming to reduce curable stis by 90% by 2030. we costed scaling-up priority interventions to coverage targets. | 2017 | 28129372 |
| generation of “lymph node derived antibody libraries” (lyndal) for selecting fully human antibody fragments with therapeutic potential. | the development of efficient strategies for generating fully human monoclonal antibodies with unique functional properties that are exploitable for tailored therapeutic interventions remains a major challenge in the antibody technology field. here, we present a methodology for recovering such antibodies from antigen-encountered human b cell repertoires. as the source for variable antibody genes, we cloned immunoglobulin g (igg)-derived b cell repertoires from lymph nodes of 20 individuals underg ... | 2017 | 24256717 |
| high seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 and herpes simplex virus 2 infections in men who have sex with men in shanghai, china. | men who have sex with men (msm) are an important risk group for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and at high-risk of herpesvirus infection. however, limited information on epidemiologic patterns of hhv8 and hsv2 among msm is available in mainland china. a cross-sectional study of 486 participants was performed in shanghai, china from january 2013 to december 2014 to explore epidemiologic features of hhv8 and hsv2 among msm. serum samples were collected and tested for hhv8 by immunofluoresence ... | 2017 | 27769110 |
| combining different types of multifunctional liposomes loaded with ammonium bicarbonate to fabricate microneedle arrays as a vaginal mucosal vaccine adjuvant-dual delivery system (vadds). | to develop effective mucosal vaccines, two types of multifunctional liposomes, the mannosylated lipid a-liposomes (mlls) with a size of 200nm and the stealth lipid a-liposomes (slls) of 50nm, both loaded with a model antigen and nh4hco3, were fabricated together into microneedles, forming the prosll/mll-constituted microneedle array (prosmma), which upon rehydration dissolved rapidly recovering the initial mlls and slls. mice vaccinated with prosmmas by vaginal mucosa patching other than convent ... | 2017 | 27986552 |
| prevalence and predictors of human immunodeficiency virus and selected sexually transmitted infections among people who inject drugs in dar es salaam, tanzania: a new focus to get to zero. | previous studies in tanzania indicated that human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) prevalence among people who inject drugs (pwids) could be as high as 40%. we aim to provide data on the prevalence of hiv and sexually transmitted infection among pwids to inform national plans to get to zero. | 2017 | 27984553 |
| nk cells require antigen-specific memory cd4(+) t cells to mediate superior effector functions during hsv-2 recall responses in vitro. | natural killer (nk) cells have an important role in mounting protective innate responses against genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections. however their role as effectors in adaptive immune responses against hsv-2 is unclear. here, we demonstrate that nk cells from c57bl/6 mice in an ex vivo splenocyte culture produce significantly more interferon γ (ifn-γ) upon re-exposure to hsv-2 antigens in a mouse model of genital hsv-2 immunization. we find that naïve nk cells do not require ... | 2017 | 27974365 |
| therapeutic vaccine for genital herpes simplex virus-2 infection: findings from a randomized trial. | genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection causes recurrent lesions and frequent viral shedding. gen-003 is a candidate therapeutic vaccine containing hsv-2 gd2δtmr and icp4.2, and matrix-m2 adjuvant. | 2017 | 28329211 |
| inflammatory monocytes require type i interferon receptor signaling to activate nk cells via il-18 during a mucosal viral infection. | the requirement of type i interferon (ifn) for natural killer (nk) cell activation in response to viral infection is known, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. here, we demonstrate that type i ifn signaling in inflammatory monocytes, but not in dendritic cells (dcs) or nk cells, is essential for nk cell function in response to a mucosal herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection. mice deficient in type i ifn signaling, ifnar(-/-) and irf9(-/-) mice, had significantly lower levels of ... | 2017 | 28264883 |
| recalcitrant hypertrophic herpes genitalis in hiv-infected patient successfully treated with topical imiquimod. | herpes simplex virus type 2 is the primary cause of genital ulceration worldwide. the presence of atypical features like deep ulcerations, hypertrophic, or pseudotumoural lesions or unusual location can be a marker for co-infection with hiv. these immunocompromised patients are usually resistant to the conventional antiviral treatment. we present a case of an hiv-infected patient with hypertrophic herpes genitalis, refractory to conventional oral antiviral therapy, who was successfully treated w ... | 2017 | 28261899 |
| lambda-interferons inhibit herpes simplex virus type 2 replication in human cervical epithelial cells through activation of jak/stat pathway. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is associated with a variety of diseases, resulting in world-wide health problems. our early study showed that lambda-interferons (ifn-λs) induced by activation of the toll-like receptors 3/ retinoic acid-inducible protein i (tlr3/rig-i) signaling pathways contribute to inhibition of hsv-2 replication in the human cervical epithelial cells. however, anti-hsv-2 mechanisms and specific differences in signaling transduction by different ifn-λs in human cervical e ... | 2017 | 28250263 |
| prophylactic herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) vaccines adjuvanted with stable emulsion and toll-like receptor 9 agonist induce a robust hsv-2-specific cell-mediated immune response, protect against symptomatic disease, and reduce the latent viral reservoir. | several prophylactic vaccines targeting hsv-2 have failed in the clinic to demonstrate a sustained depression in viral shedding or protection from recurrences. although these vaccines have generated high titers of neutralizing antibodies, their induction of robust cd8 t cells has largely been unreported, even though evidence for the importance of hsv-2 antigen-specific cd8 t cells is mounting in animal models and in translational studies involving subjects with active hsv-2-specific immune respo ... | 2017 | 28228587 |
| antitumor effects of oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 2 against colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. | the incidence of colorectal cancer (crc) is on the rise. furthermore, late-stage diagnoses and limited efficacious treatment options make crc a complex clinical challenge. therefore, a new therapeutic regimen with a completely novel therapeutic mechanism is necessary for crc. in the present study, the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 2 (ohsv2) in crc was assessed in vitro and in vivo. ohsv2 is an oncolytic agent derived from herpes simplex virus type 2 that encodes gra ... | 2017 | 28223815 |
| in vitro anti-herpes simplex virus-2 activity of salvia desoleana atzei & v. picci essential oil. | salvia desoleana atzei & v. picci is an indigenous species in sardinia island used in folk medicine to treat menstrual, digestive and central nervous system diseases. nowadays, it is widely cultivated for the pleasant smell of its essential oil (eo), whose antimicrobial and antifungal activities have already been screened. this study evaluated the in vitro anti-herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) activity of s. desoleana eo, fractions and main components: linalyl acetate, alpha terpinyl acetate, and ... | 2017 | 28207861 |
| anti-hsv-2 activity of terminalia chebula retz extract and its constituents, chebulagic and chebulinic acids. | development of new and effective therapeutics for sexually transmitted herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) infection is important from public health perspective. with an aim to identify natural products from medicinal plants, in the present study, the potential of terminalia chebula retz was investigated for its activity against hsv-2. | 2017 | 28196487 |
| delayed temporal lobe hemorrhage after initiation of acyclovir in an immunocompetent patient with herpes simplex virus-2 encephalitis: a case report. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) is the most common cause of non-epidemic, sporadic, acute focal encephalitis in the united states. inflammation of the vasculature makes them friable and susceptible to hemorrhage. massive hemorrhage, though rare, can present in a delayed fashion after initiation of acyclovir and often requires surgical intervention. we report a unique case of delayed temporal lobe hemorrhage after initiation of acyclovir in an immunocompetent patient, specifically for its presentation ... | 2017 | 28191384 |
| ex vivo 2d and 3d hsv-2 infection model using human normal vaginal epithelial cells. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infects human genital mucosa and establishes life-long latent infection. it is unmet need to establish a human cell-based microphysiological system for virus biology and anti-viral drug discovery. one of barriers is lacking of culture system of normal epithelial cells in vitro over decades. in this study, we established human normal vaginal epithelial cell (hnvec) culture using co-culture system. hnvec cells were then propagated rapidly and stably in a defined ... | 2017 | 28146426 |
| an hsv-2 trivalent vaccine is immunogenic in rhesus macaques and highly efficacious in guinea pigs. | a genital herpes vaccine is urgently needed to prevent pain and suffering, reduce the incidence of neonatal herpes, and decrease the risk of hiv acquisition and transmission that accompanies genital infection. we evaluated a trivalent hsv-2 subunit antigen vaccine administered with cpg and alum in rhesus macaques and guinea pigs. the vaccine contains glycoproteins c, d and e (gc2, gd2, ge2) to block virus entry by gd2 and immune evasion by gc2 and ge2. in rhesus macaques, the trivalent vaccine i ... | 2017 | 28103319 |
| treatment-seeking behaviour and barriers to service access for sexually transmitted diseases among men who have sex with men in china: a multicentre cross-sectional survey. | delayed or inappropriate treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (stds) increases the risk of hiv acquisition and may cause other harmful outcomes. however, studies on std treatment-seeking behaviour and correlated factors in men who have sex with men (msm) are scarce. this information is crucial for the promotion of std treatment-seeking behaviour and reduction of hiv transmission among chinese msm. | 2017 | 28095879 |
| a direct quantitative pcr-based measurement of herpes simplex virus susceptibility to antiviral drugs and neutralizing antibodies. | herpes simplex viruses (hsv) are common human pathogens that can cause painful but benign manifestations and recurrent complaints, but can also cause significant morbidity and mortality on infection of the eye or brain and with disseminated infection of an immunosuppressed patient or a neonate. hsv growth inhibition measurement by plaque or yield reduction is a key task in the development of novel antiviral compounds but the manual methods are very labour intensive. the sensitive and specific pc ... | 2017 | 28093274 |
| an interleukin 12 adjuvanted herpes simplex virus 2 dna vaccine is more protective than a glycoprotein d subunit vaccine in a high-dose murine challenge model. | vaccination is a proven intervention against human viral diseases; however, success against herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) remains elusive. most hsv-2 vaccines tested in humans to date contained just one or two immunogens, such as the virion attachment receptor glycoprotein d (gd) and/or the envelope fusion protein, glycoprotein b (gb). at least three factors may have contributed to the failures of subunit-based hsv-2 vaccines. first, immune responses directed against one or two viral antigens m ... | 2017 | 28085634 |
| evaluation of herpes simplex virus type 2 serological tests for use with dried blood spots in kenya. | we evaluated 2 assays to detect antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 in dried blood spots prepared from blood specimens submitted to a reference laboratory in kenya. dried blood spots did not perform well with the kalon herpes simplex virus type 2 assay. focus herpeselect 2 was 98.8% sensitive and 98.9% specific with dried blood spots. | 2017 | 28081046 |
| reciprocal physical intimate partner violence is associated with prevalent sti/hiv among male tanzanian migrant workers: a cross-sectional study. | physical intimate partner violence (ipv) and stis, including hiv, are highly prevalent in east africa. while we have some evidence about women's experience with physical ipv, little is known about men's experience with physical ipv, particularly in sub-saharan africa. our objective was to examine, in tanzanian male migrant plantation residents, the prevalence of, and associations among, experience and enactment of physical ipv and prevalent sti/hiv. | 2017 | 28052976 |
| enrichment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) reactive mucosal t cells in the human female genital tract. | local mucosal cellular immunity is critical in providing protection from hsv-2. to characterize and quantify hsv-2-reactive mucosal t cells, lymphocytes were isolated from endocervical cytobrush and biopsy specimens from 17 hsv-2-infected women and examined ex vivo for the expression of markers associated with maturation and tissue residency and for functional t-cell responses to hsv-2. compared with their circulating counterparts, cervix-derived cd4+ and cd8+ t cells were predominantly effector ... | 2017 | 28051084 |
| evaluation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and poly(dl-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) electrospun fibers for the treatment of hsv-2 infection. | more diverse multipurpose prevention technologies are urgently needed to provide localized, topical pre-exposure prophylaxis against sexually transmitted infections (stis). in this work, we established the foundation for a multipurpose platform, in the form of polymeric electrospun fibers (efs), to physicochemically treat herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) infection. to initiate this study, we fabricated different formulations of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (plga) and poly(dl-lactide-co-ε-caprolac ... | 2017 | 28024582 |
| evaluation of recombinant adenovirus vaccines based on glycoprotein d and truncated ul25 against herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. | the high prevalence of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) infections in humans necessitates the development of a safe and effective vaccine that will need to induce vigorous t-cell responses to control the viral infection and transmission. we designed rad-gd2rad-gd2▵ul25rad-▵ul25 to investigate whether recombinant replication-defective adenoviruses vaccine could induce specific t cell responses and protect mice against intravaginal hsv-2 challenge compared with fi-hsv-2. the recombinant adenovirus-b ... | 2017 | 28378925 |
| self-collected genital swabs compared with cervicovaginal lavage for measuring hiv-1 and hsv-2 and the effect of acyclovir on viral shedding. | hiv-1 and hsv-2 are frequent genital co-infections in women. to determine how self-collected genital swabs compare to provider-collected cervicovaginal lavage, paired self-collected genital swabs and cervicovaginal lavage from women co-infected with hiv-1 and hsv-2 were evaluated. women were in an acyclovir clinical trial and their samples were tested for hiv-1 rna (361 samples) and hsv-2 dna (378 samples). virus shedding, quantity and acyclovir effect were compared. hiv-1 and hsv-2 were more fr ... | 2017 | 27179350 |
| mzc gel inhibits shiv-rt and hsv-2 in macaque vaginal mucosa and shiv-rt in rectal mucosa. | the population council's microbicide gel mzc (also known as pc-1005) containing miv-150 and zinc acetate dihydrate (za) in carrageenan (cg) has shown promise as a broad-spectrum microbicide against hiv, herpes simplex virus (hsv), and human papillomavirus. previous data show antiviral activity against these viruses in cell-based assays, prevention of vaginal and rectal simian-human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase (shiv-rt) infection, and reduction of vaginal hsv shedding in rhesus m ... | 2017 | 27552154 |
| hsv2 reactivation and myelitis following influenza vaccination. | we report the case of a 57 year-old woman who developed transverse myelitis and acute hsv-2 reactivation following influenza vaccination. over the next 5 years, she experienced a fluctuating course of improvement and regression for both myelitis and herpes. | 2017 | 27668461 |
| genital hsv shedding among kenyan women initiating antiretroviral therapy. | genital ulcer disease (gud) prevalence increases in the first month of antiretroviral treatment (art), followed by a return to baseline prevalence by month 3. since most gud is caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), we hypothesized that genital hsv detection would follow a similar pattern after treatment initiation. | 2017 | 27683204 |
| zika virus, hsv-2 and placenta. | 2017 | 27868270 | |
| efficient production of recombinant glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus type 2 in pichia pastoris and its protective efficacy against viral challenge in mice. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease and a significant public health concern. however, there are no approved vaccines available to prevent hsv-2 infection. the glycoprotein d (gd) of hsv-2 is the most important candidate antigen for vaccine development. in this study, a truncated form of gd (codons 1-340, gd1-340) was produced as a secretory protein in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. the recombinant gd1-340 with a his6 tag was puri ... | 2017 | 27868164 |
| decline in herpes simplex virus type 2 among non-injecting heroin and cocaine users in new york city, 2005 to 2014: prospects for avoiding a resurgence of human immunodeficiency virus. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection increases both susceptibility to and transmissibility of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and hsv-2 and hiv are often strongly associated in hiv epidemics. we assessed trends in hsv-2 prevalence among non-injecting drug users (nidus) when hiv prevalence declined from 16% to 8% among nidus in new york city. | 2017 | 27898577 |
| mechanistic studies of viral entry: an overview of dendrimer-based microbicides as entry inhibitors against both hiv and hsv-2 overlapped infections. | this review provides an overview of the development of different dendrimers, mainly polyanionic, against human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and genital herpes (hsv-2) as topical microbicides targeting the viral entry process. vaginal topical microbicides to prevent sexually transmitted infections such as hiv and hsv-2 are urgently needed. to inhibit hiv/hsv-2 entry processes, new preventive targets have been established to maximize the current therapies against wild-type and drug-resistant virus ... | 2017 | 27518199 |
| school support as structural hiv prevention for adolescent orphans in western kenya. | using a clustered randomized controlled trial design, we evaluated whether support to keep kenyan orphaned adolescents in school reduces the risk of hiv infection. | 2018 | 29107569 |
| expression and characterization of the soluble form of recombinant mature hsv-2 glycoprotein g for use in anti-hsv-2 igg serodiagnostic immunoassay. | herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) specific glycoprotein g (gg-2) is widely used as the antigen of choice for serodiagnosis of hsv-2. in order to develop an elisa for serodetection of hsv-2 igg in patient sera, the soluble form of the mature gg-2 antigen (mgg-2), gg283-649, was expressed using a baculovirus expression system. gg283-649 contains the complete extracellular domain of mgg-2 including the c-terminal region, which despite homology to gg-1, does not cross-react with hsv-1 antibodies p ... | 2018 | 29104048 |
| the ticking clock of hsv-2 pathology. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is the causative agent of genital herpes. matsuzawa et al have demonstrated that, in a mouse model, hsv-2 pathology is influenced by the time infection occurs. increased expression of the hsv-2 receptor nectin-1 under the control of clock coincided with an increase in viral titer suggesting that hsv-2 infection is regulated by the host circadian clock. | 2018 | 29273146 |
| a concise synthesis of rhamnan oligosaccharides with alternating α-(1→2)/(1→3)-linkages and repeating α-(1→3)-linkages by iterative α-glycosylation using disaccharide building blocks. | a concise synthetic route to rhamnan oligosaccharides with alternating α-(1→2)/(1→3)-linkages and repeating α-(1→3)-linkages is reported. this synthesis was achieved by iterative α-glycosylation using disaccharide building blocks and through orthogonal coupling between thioglycosides of l-rhamnose. to investigate the detailed structure-activity relationship of rhamnan sulfate from monostroma nitidum against herpes simplex virus type 2, the synthesized oligosaccharides, bearing different orthogon ... | 2018 | 29156420 |
| co-infection of human herpesvirus type 2 (hhv-2) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among pregnant women in rio de janeiro, brazil. | pregnant women who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are particularly vulnerable to severe and recurrent infections with human herpesvirus 2 (hhv-2). neonatal transmission of hhv-2 has been associated with malformations and neurological sequelae in infants, which makes it very important to perform antenatal monitoring for genital herpes. in the study, 134 pregnant women infected with hiv were tested for hhv-2 igm and igg using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) a ... | 2018 | 28914079 |
| transcriptional analysis of the guinea pig mucosal immune response to intravaginal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2. | genital herpes infection in guinea pigs closely models human infection but tools for immune characterization are limited. immunity to hsv infection at the vaginal epithelial surface was characterized in guinea pigs using pcr-based array analysis of vaginal swab samples. ifnγ was one of the most significantly upregulated genes throughout the infection and over 40% of genes with significantly altered expression were linked to ifnγ based on interferome analysis. ifnγ transcripts and biologically ac ... | 2018 | 29604476 |
| heterogeneity of herpes simplex virus type 2 seroprevalence from a national probability survey in mexico, 2012. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) seroprevalence and associated infection risk factors show differences by regions and countries. the aims of the study were to determine the hsv-2 seroprevalence and to evaluate the risk factors for hsv-2 in a national representative survey among adolescents and adults in mexico. | 2018 | 28876288 |
| intramuscular delivery of replication-defective herpes simplex virus gives antigen expression in muscle syncytia and improved protection against pathogenic hsv-2 strains. | herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) is the leading cause of genital herpes and increases the risk of hiv infection, but there is no effective vaccine. a replication-defective hsv-2 mutant virus, dl5-29, is effective in animal models and has been in a phase i trial. previous studies have shown that dl5-29 gives higher antibody responses and better protection when inoculated intramuscularly (im) as compared with subcutaneously (sc). however, the basis for this effect has not been defined. we confirmed ... | 2018 | 29069622 |
| the potential of currently unavailable herpes virus vaccines. | despite overwhelming experimental work, there are no licensed vaccines against the most frequent alphaherpesviruses, namely herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (hsv1 and 2) nor against the epstein-barr virus (ebv), a member of the subfamily gammaherpesvirus. areas covered: since the dnas of both hsvs reside in the regional sensory ganglia in a latent state (i.e. as circularized episomal molecules), a corresponding vaccine might be useful for immunotherapy rather than prevention of primary infection. he ... | 2018 | 29313728 |
| griffithsin carrageenan fast dissolving inserts prevent shiv hsv-2 and hpv infections in vivo. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) pre-exposure prophylaxis (prep) strategies with proven in vivo efficacy rely on antiretroviral drugs, creating the potential for drug resistance and complicated treatment options in individuals who become infected. moreover, on-demand products are currently missing from the prep development portfolio. griffithsin (grft) is a non-antiretroviral hiv entry inhibitor derived from red algae with an excellent safety profile and potent activity in vitro. when combined ... | 2018 | 30250170 |
| herpes simplex virus 2 latency-associated transcript (lat) region mutations do not identify a role for lat-associated micrornas in viral reactivation in guinea pig genital models. | despite the long-standing observation that herpes simplex virus (hsv) latency-associated transcript (lat) promoter deletion viruses show impaired recurrence phenotypes in relevant animal models, the mechanism by which these sequences exert this phenotypic effect is unknown. we constructed and evaluated four mutant hsv-2 isolates with targeted mutations in the lat promoter and lat-associated micrornas (mirnas) affecting (i) the lat tata box; (ii) the lat icp4-binding site; (iii) mirna i (mir-i) a ... | 2018 | 29720520 |