Publications

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[summary glycogen in carp after glucagon or insulin injection (author's transl) (proceedings)]. 20161026186
[influence of biogenic amines on the opercular mechanism of the teleost, the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.)]. 20165586932
[formation and strenghthening of food conditioned reflexes from scent analyzer in fish (carp) in ontogeny]. 20165759871
[regeneration of the spermatogenesis of the hypophysectomized cyprid carassius auratus. l. by a highly purified carp gonadotropic factor]. 20164994201
[effect of different methods of heat processing on the amino acid makeup of the proteins of the mirror carp]. 20164780619
[comparative ultrastructure of the brush border of the enterocyte, depending upon the nutritional state in 3 cyprinides: the tench (tinca tinca l.), the carp(cyprinus carpio l.) and the goldfish(carassius auratus l.)]. 20164791998
histone 3. iv. amino acid sequence of histone 3 of the testes of the carp, letiobus bubalus. 20164700460
isolation of deoxycholic acid from bile of carp (cyprinus carpio). 20165028948
predictive factors of radiological progression after 2 years of remission-steered treatment in early arthritis patients: a post hoc analysis of the improved study.to identify predictive factors of radiological progression in early arthritis patients treated by remission-steered treatment.201626925251
transcriptome signatures in common carp spleen in response to aeromonas hydrophila infection.the common carp is an important aquaculture species that is worldwide distributed. nowadays, intensive rearing in aquaculture increases the susceptibility of fish to various pathogens such as aeromonas hydrophila, which has caused severe damage to carp production. however, systematic analysis on the host response of common carp against a. hydrophila is less studied. in order to better understand the common carp immune response process against bacteria at the global gene expression level, we exam ...201627521591
molecular cloning of igz heavy chain isotype in catla catla and comparative expression profile of igz and igm following pathogenic infection.immunoglobulins serve as a crucial arm of the adaptive immune system against detrimental pathogenic threats in teleosts. however, whether the novel ig isotype igz is present in the indian major carp, catla catla, has not yet been elucidated. the present study reports the presence of igz ortholog in c. catla (ccigz) and further demonstrates its comparative tissue specific expression with igm (ccigm) in response to bacterial and parasitic stimulation. the putative 139 amino acid sequence of igz he ...201627301776
lactobacillus acidophilus attenuates aeromonas hydrophila induced cytotoxicity in catla thymus macrophages by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation.the pathogenesis of aeromonas hydrophila, a potent fish pathogen, is attributed to its ability to cause motile aeromonad septicaemia leading to apoptosis in a myriad of fish species, including freshwater carp catla catla. however, the underlying mechanism of antagonistic activity of probiotics against a. hydrophila induced apoptosis is not elucidated due to lack of appropriate in-vitro models. this study reported that the exposure of catla thymus macrophages (ctm) to a. hydrophila markedly induc ...201627262084
detection of goldfish haematopoietic necrosis herpes virus (cyprinid herpesvirus-2) with multi-drug resistant aeromonas hydrophila infection in goldfish: first evidence of any viral disease outbreak in ornamental freshwater aquaculture farms in india.this outbreak report details of a mortality event where cyprinid herpes virus-2 (cyhv-2) was detected in association with multidrug-resistant aeromonas hydrophila infection in goldfish, carassius auratus, from commercial farms. the goldfish exhibited large scale haemorrhages on the body, fins and gills, lepidorthosis, necrosed gills, protruded anus and shrunken eyes. white nodular necrotic foci in spleen and kidneys were noticed, along with necrosis and fusion of gill lamellae. transmission elec ...201627172876
immune effects of the vaccine of live attenuated aeromonas hydrophila screened by rifampicin on common carp (cyprinus carpio l).aeromonas hydrophila, as a strong gram-negative bacterium, can infect a wide range of freshwater fish, including common carp cyprinus carpio, and cause the huge economic loss. to create the effective vaccine is the best way to control the outbreak of the disease caused by a. hydrophila. in this study, a live attenuated a. hydrophila strain, xx1la, was screened from the pathogenic a. hydrophila strain xx1 cultured on medium containing the antibiotic rifampicin, which was used as a live attenuated ...201627155500
antibacterial activity of litsea cubeba (lauraceae, may chang) and its effects on the biological response of common carp cyprinus carpio challenged with aeromonas hydrophila.the aims of this study were to characterize the antibacterial activity and the chemotype of litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (eo) harvested in north vietnam and to investigate the biological effects induced by the leaf powder on growth, nonspecific immunity and survival of common carp (cyprinus carpio) challenged with aeromonas hydrophila.201627124660
characterization and immune response expression of the rig-i-like receptor mda5 in common carp cyprinus carpio.in this study, the full-length complementary (c)dna of common carp cyprinus carpio melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (mda5) was cloned. the complete open reading frame of c. carpio mda5 contained 2982 bp and encodes 993 amino acids. the deduced amino acids contained six functional domains: two caspase activation and recruitment domains (card), a conserved restriction domain of bacterial type iii restriction enzyme (resiii), a dexd/h box-containing domain (dexdc), a helicase super family ...201627108774
effects of dietary supplementations with the fibrous root of rhizoma coptidis and its main alkaloids on non-specific immunity and disease resistance of common carp.the effects of fibrous root of rhizoma coptidis (frc) and its main alkaloids on non-specific immunity and disease resistance of common carp were investigated. the fish were randomly assigned to seven groups: normal control group (nc), groups treated with 12.5 g/kg frc (frc-l), 25 g/kg frc (frc-m), 50 g/kg frc (frc-h), 0.78 g/kg total alkaloids (ta), 0.78 g/kg berberine (bbr), and 0.78 g/kg coptisine (cop), respectively. results showed that the activities of myeloperoxidase, lysozyme and respirat ...201627090624
genome wide identification of scavenger receptors class a in common carp (cyprinus carpio) and their expression following aeromonas hydrophila infection.scavenger receptors class a (scaras) is a subgroup of diverse families of pattern recognition receptors that bind a range of ligands, and play important roles in innate immune processes through pathogens detection, adhesion, endocytosis, and phagocytosis. however, most studies of scaras have focused on mammals, and much less is known of scaras in fish species. in this study, we identified 7 scaras across the common carp genome, which were classified into four subclasses according to comparative ...201627041666
effects of ala-gln feeding strategies on growth, metabolism, and crowding stress resistance of juvenile cyprinus carpio var. jian.the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different l-alanyl-l-glutamine (ala-gln) feeding strategies on the growth performance, metabolism and crowding stress resistance related parameters in juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian) under crowded condition (80 g/l). juvenile jian carp (initial weight 26.1 ± 0.6 g) were distributed into five groups which fed with graded concentrations (0% or 1.0%) of ala-gln for eight weeks. control group (i, 0/0) fed with control diet (0% ...201626945938
cloning and characterization of two duplicated interleukin-17a/f2 genes in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.): transcripts expression and bioactivity of recombinant il-17a/f2.interleukin-17 (il-17) plays an important role in inflammation and host defense in mammals. in this study, we identified two duplicated il-17a/f2 genes in the common carp (cyprinus carpio) (ccil-17a/f2a and ccil-17a/f2b), putative encoded proteins contain 140 amino acids (aa) with conserved il-17 family motifs. expression analysis revealed high constitutive expression of ccil-17a/f2s in mucosal tissues, including gill, skin and intestine, their expression could be induced by aeromonas hydrophila ...201626921542
complete genome sequence of fish pathogen aeromonas hydrophila jbn2301.aeromonas hydrophila is one of the most important fish pathogens in china. here, we report complete genome sequence of a virulent strain, a. hydrophila jbn2301, which was isolated from diseased crucian carp.201626823580
antibacterial efficacy and pharmacokinetic evaluation of sanguinarine in common carp (cyprinus carpio) following a single intraperitoneal administration.sanguinarine (sa), with antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities against fish pathogens, exhibits great potential commercial use in aquaculture. however, little information on pharmacokinetics of sa restricts further application in aquaculture. in this study, pharmacokinetics of sa in common carp (cyprinus carpio) following a single intraperitoneal administration [10 mg kg(-1) bw (body weight)] was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the peak concentration (cmax ) of sa ...201626763075
roles of phagocytosis activating protein (pap) in aeromonas hydrophila infected cyprinus carpio.cyprinus carpio (koi) is one of the most popular ornamental fish. a major problem for c. carpio farming is bacterial infections especially by aeromonas hydrophila. previously studies had shown that the phagocytosis activating protein (pap) gene was involved in the innate immune response of animals. therefore, we attempted to identify a role for the pap gene in the immunology of c. carpio. the expression of the pap was found in c. carpio whole blood and increased when the fish were stimulated by ...201626748248
dietary myo-inositol modulates immunity through antioxidant activity and the nrf2 and e2f4/cyclin signalling factors in the head kidney and spleen following infection of juvenile fish with aeromonas hydrophila.this study was conducted to investigate the effects of the dietary vitamin myo-inositol (mi), on the immunity and structural integrity of the head kidney and spleen following infection of fish with the major freshwater pathogen bacterial aeromonas hydrophila. the results demonstrated for the first time that mi deficiency depressed the lysozyme and acid phosphatase (acp) activities and the complement 3 (c3) and c4 contents in the head kidney and spleen compared with the optimal mi levels, indicat ...201626702562
gut melatonin response to microbial infection in carp catla catla.the purpose of present study was to demonstrate the response of gut melatoninergic system to aeromonas hydrophila infection for 3 or 6 days and search for its correlation with the activity of different antioxidative and digestive enzymes to focus their interplay under pathophysiological conditions in carp (catla catla). microscopic study of gut in infected fish revealed degenerative changes in the tunica mucosa and lamina propria layers with sloughed off epithelial cells in the lumen. the activi ...201626563281
preliminary study on the relationship between dexamethasone and pathogen susceptibility on crucian carp (carassius auratus).dexamethasone, a known immunosuppressant, can inhibit the immune response and increase the amount of pathogen in body, but the role of dexamethasone affecting susceptibility of crucian carp (carassius auratus) to pathogen is unclear. the effects of dexamethasone on susceptibility of crucian carp to aeromonas hydrophila were investigated in this study. the fish were divided into four groups randomly and injected intraperitoneally by dexamethasone for 0 day (group d), 3 days (group c), 6 days (gro ...201627744057
plant polysaccharides used as immunostimulants enhance innate immune response and disease resistance against aeromonas hydrophila infection in fish.plant polysaccharides (pps) are an important medicinal plant product, and play a major role in preventing and controlling infectious microbes in aquaculture. the present study investigated the effect of three pps; ficus carica polysaccharides (fcps), radix isatidis polysaccharides (rips), and schisandra chinensis polysaccharides (scps), used as feed additives, on innate immune responses and disease resistance against aeromonas hydrophila in crucian carp. results show that crucian carp fed with t ...201627794459
polysaccharides from marine macroalga, padina gymnospora improve the nonspecific and specific immune responses of cyprinus carpio and protect it from different pathogens.immunostimulation by plant-derived compounds presents a fascinating alternative to vaccines and antibiotics in aquaculture. fish farmers are longing for immunostimulants that activate both specific and nonspecific immune responses of fish and protect fishes from all possible infections. in this study, we observed that polysaccharide fraction from marine macroalga, padina gymnospora stimulated the immune response of common carp cyprinus carpio (filed for patent, indian patent no. 201641027311 dat ...201627633680
in silico assessment of primers for edna studies using primertree and application to characterize the biodiversity surrounding the cuyahoga river.analysis of environmental dna (edna) enables the detection of species of interest from water and soil samples, typically using species-specific pcr. here, we describe a method to characterize the biodiversity of a given environment by amplifying edna using primer pairs targeting a wide range of taxa and high-throughput sequencing for species identification. we tested this approach on 91 water samples of 40 ml collected along the cuyahoga river (ohio, usa). we amplified edna using 12 primer pairs ...201626965911
identification of deleterious mutations in myostatin gene of rohu carp (labeo rohita) using modeling and molecular dynamic simulation approaches.the myostatin (mstn) is a known negative growth regulator of skeletal muscle. the mutated myostatin showed a double-muscular phenotype having a positive significance for the farmed animals. consequently, adequate information is not available in the teleosts, including farmed rohu carp, labeo rohita. in the absence of experimental evidence, computational algorithms were utilized in predicting the impact of point mutation of rohu myostatin, especially its structural and functional relationships. t ...201627019850
toxicity profile of choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents for fungi and cyprinus carpio fish.an investigation on the toxicological assessment of 10 choline chloride (chcl)-based deep eutectic solvents (dess) towards four fungi strains and cyprinus carpio fish was conducted. chcl was combined with materials from different chemical groups such as alcohols, sugars, acids and others to form dess. the study was carried out on the individual des components, their aqueous mixture before des formation and their formed dess. the agar disc diffusion method was followed to investigate their toxici ...201626743645
potential probiotics from indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. characterization, pathogen inhibitory activity, partial characterization of bacteriocin and production of exoenzymes.the study explored antagonistic activity of the cellular components of potential probiotic bacteria from mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala) against fish pathogens with a basic insight of the chemical nature of the antagonistic compound. totally 208 autochthonous gut bacteria were isolated, of which 22 strains revealed antagonism towards ≥2 of the six common fish pathogens. zones of inhibition (halo diameter) were presented as score and the four most promising strains were selected as putative probiotics ...201627663374
antibiotic resistance and repetitive-element pcr fingerprinting in aeromonas veronii isolates.this study evaluated antibiotic resistance and the related genes in total 47 aeromonas veronii isolates from pet fish, eel (anguilla japonica) and koi (cyprinus carpio) in korea. in comparison with the antibiotic susceptibilities of isolates from eel and koi, those of pet fish were more resistant to ceftiofur, aminoglycosides, tetracycline and nitrofurantoin. and isolates from pet fish showed high prevalences of class 1 integron, quinolones and tetracycline resistance determinants than those fro ...201627690177
occurrence of glucocorticoids discharged from a sewage treatment plant in japan and the effects of clobetasol propionate exposure on the immune responses of common carp (cyprinus carpio) to bacterial infection.the present study evaluated the environmental risks to common carp (cyprinus carpio) posed by glucocorticoids present in sewage treatment plant (stp) effluent. to gather information on the seasonal variations in glucocorticoid concentration, the authors sampled the effluent of a japanese stp every other week for 12 mo. six of 9 selected glucocorticoids were detected in the effluent, with clobetasol propionate and betamethasone 17-valerate detected at the highest concentrations and frequencies. t ...201626126539
detection and characterization of potentially pathogenic aeromonas sobria isolated from fish hypophthalmichthys molitrix (cypriniformes: cyprinidae).the current study focuses on the detection and characterization of potentially pathogenic aeromonas sobria from fish silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix). assessment of clinical, microbiological, pathological and biochemical characteristics of a. sobria were taken into account in order to understand the epidemiology, frequency and occurrence of this infection. clinically the infected fish (h. molitrix) was observed for various types of symptoms. a total of 33 colonies of a. sobria strain we ...201626518124
interspecific differences in hypoxia-induced gill remodeling in carp.the gills of many fish, but in particular those of crucian carp (carassius carassius) and goldfish (carassius auratus), are capable of extensive remodeling in response to changes in oxygen (o2), temperature, and exercise. in this study, we investigated the interspecific variation in hypoxia-induced gill modeling and hypoxia tolerance in 10 closely related groups of cyprinids (nine species, with two strains of cyprinus carpio). there was significant variation in hypoxia tolerance, measured as the ...201624241069
who is who: an anomalous predator-prey role exchange between cyprinids and perch.piscivory in cyprinids (cyprinidae) is extremely rare. specifically, common bream (abramis brama) and common carp (cyprinus carpio) are zooplanktivorous fish in deep lentic waters. nevertheless, we observed predation by these two cyprinids under natural conditions in the vír reservoir, czech republic. we conducted diet analysis for cyprinids caught by trawling and gillnets and the large amount of young-of-the-year (yoy) perch (perca fluviatilis), with sizes of 37-52 mm standard length, were foun ...201627276078
design and application of a solar mobile pond aquaculture water quality-regulation machine based in bream pond aquaculture.bream pond aquaculture plays a very important role in china's aquaculture industry and is the main source of aquatic products. to regulate and control pond water quality and sediment, a movable solar pond aquaculture water quality regulation machine (smwm) was designed and used. this machine is solar-powered and moves on water, and its primary components are a solar power supply device, a sediment lifting device, a mechanism for walking on the water's surface and a control system. the solar powe ...201626789004
the pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 two-component regulator carsr regulates calcium homeostasis and calcium-induced virulence factor production through its regulatory targets caro and carp.pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes severe, life-threatening infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), endocarditis, wounds, or artificial implants. during cf pulmonary infections, p. aeruginosa often encounters environments where the levels of calcium (ca(2+)) are elevated. previously, we showed that p. aeruginosa responds to externally added ca(2+) through enhanced biofilm formation, increased production of several secreted virulence factors, and by de ...201626755627
gonadotropins in the russian sturgeon: their role in steroid secretion and the effect of hormonal treatment on their secretion.in the reproduction process of male and female fish, pituitary derived gonadotropins (gths) play a key role. to be able to specifically investigate certain functions of luteinizing (lh) and follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) in russian sturgeon (acipenser gueldenstaedtii; st), we produced recombinant variants of the hormones using the yeast pichia pastoris as a protein production system. we accomplished to create in vitro biologically active heterodimeric glycoproteins consisting of two associat ...201627622546
no evidence of exposure to environmental estrogens in two feral fish species sampled from the yarra river, australia: a comparison with northern hemisphere studies.environmental estrogens originate from a variety of sources including sewage treatment plant (stp) effluents and adverse physiological effects (endocrine disruption) have been observed in several fish species sampled downstream of stp discharges. in this study we examined common carp (cyprinus carpio) and roach (rutilis rutilis) for signs of exposure to environmental estrogens in the iconic yarra river, melbourne, australia. the yarra river flows through the city of melbourne and more than 2 mil ...201627228034
srv2/cap is required for polarized actin cable assembly and patch internalization during clathrin-mediated endocytosis.the dynamic assembly and disassembly of actin filaments is essential for the formation and transport of vesicles during endocytosis. in yeast, two types of actin structures, namely cortical patches and cytoplasmic cables, play a direct role in endocytosis, but how their interaction is regulated remains unclear. here, we show that srv2/cap, an evolutionarily conserved actin regulator, is required for efficient endocytosis owing to its role in the formation of the actin patches that aid initial ve ...201626604224
development of vaccines against nocardiosis in fishes.nocardiosis, one of the most systemic and devastating diseases, is currently emerging as an important disease of cultured marine and freshwater fishes. the causative agent of this disease is nocardia seriolae, a gram-positive acid-fast bacterium. an effective vaccine/vaccination strategy against this pathogen is necessary to control the significant loss in aquaculture practices. in this chapter, we present the vaccination/immunization protocol in fish against both live (sublethal) and inactivate ...201627076299
a comparison of endogenous and microbial proteolytic activities during fast fermentation of silver carp inoculated with lactobacillus plantarum.the study was aimed to investigate different roles of endogenous and lactobacillus plantarum proteases during fast fermentation of silver carp. the results show that endogenous proteases could degrade both sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins. in contrast, l. plantarum had low proteinase activities and could only hydrolyze sarcoplasmic peptides. this indicates that gel properties could be mainly affected by endogenous proteolysis while microbial proteolysis contributed to the production of sma ...201627080883
zebrafish foxo3b negatively regulates antiviral response through suppressing the transactivity of irf3 and irf7.forkhead box o (foxo)3, a member of the foxo family of transcription factors, plays key roles in various cellular processes, including development, longevity, reproduction, and metabolism. recently, foxo3 has also been shown to be involved in modulating the immune response. however, how foxo3 regulates immunity and the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. in this study, we show that zebrafish (danio rerio) foxo3b, an ortholog of mammalian foxo3, is induced by polyinosinic-polycytidyl ...201627815423
molecular characterization, tissue distribution and expression, and potential antiviral effects of trim32 in the common carp (cyprinus carpio).tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (trim32) belongs to the tripartite motif (trim) family, which consists of a large number of proteins containing a ring (really interesting new gene) domain, one or two b-box domains, and coiled coil motif followed by different c-terminal domains. the trim family is known to be implicated in multiple cellular functions, including antiviral activity. however, it is presently unknown whether trim32 of common carp (cyprinus carpio) has the antiviral effect. in ...201627735853
the p protein of spring viremia of carp virus negatively regulates the fish interferon response by inhibiting the kinase activity of tank-binding kinase 1.spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) is an efficient pathogen causing high mortality in the common carp. fish interferon (ifn) is a powerful cytokine enabling host cells to establish an antiviral response; therefore, the strategies that svcv uses to avoid the cellular ifn response were investigated. here, we report that the svcv p protein is phosphorylated by cellular tank-binding kinase 1 (tbk1), which decreases ifn regulatory factor 3 (irf3) phosphorylation and suppresses ifn production. first, ...201627654289
detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in imported amphibians reveals an unanticipated foreign animal disease threat.global translocation of plants and animals is a well-recognized mechanism for introduction of pathogens into new regions. to mitigate this risk, various tools such as preshipment health certificates, quarantines, screening for specific disease agents and outright bans have been implemented. however, such measures only target known infectious agents and their hosts and may fail to prevent translocation of even well-recognized pathogens if they are carried by novel host species. in a recent exampl ...201627599472
zebrafish irf1, irf3, and irf7 differentially regulate ifnφ1 and ifnφ3 expression through assembly of homo- or heteroprotein complexes.in mammals, ifn regulatory factor (irf)1, irf3, and irf7 are three critical transcription factors that are pivotal for cooperative regulation of the type i ifn response. in this study, we explored the relative contribution of zebrafish (danio rerio) irf1 (drirf1), irf3 (drirf3), and irf7 (drirf7) (drirf1/3/7) to zebrafish ifnφ1 (drifnφ1) and ifnφ3 (drifnφ3) (drifnφ1/3) activation. following spring viremia of carp virus infection, drifnφ1/3 and drirf1/3/7 transcripts are significantly induced in ...201627496972
toll-like receptors and interferon associated immune factors responses to spring viraemia of carp virus infection in common carp (cyprinus carpio).pattern recognition receptor (prr) toll-like receptors (tlrs), antiviral agent interferon (ifn) and the effector ifn stimulated genes (isgs) play a fundamental role in the innate immune response against viruses among all vertebrate classes. common carp is a host for spring viraemia of carp virus (rhabdovirus carpio, svcv), which belong to rhabdoviridae family. the present in-vivo experiment was conducted to investigate the expression of these innate immune factors in early phase as well as durin ...201627263115
restrictions on the importation of zebrafish into canada associated with spring viremia of carp virus.the zebrafish model system is helping researchers improve the health and welfare of people and animals and has become indispensable for advancing biomedical research. as genetic engineering is both resource intensive and time-consuming, sharing successfully developed genetically modified zebrafish lines throughout the international community is critical to research efficiency and to maximizing the millions of dollars in research funding. new restrictions on importation of zebrafish into canada b ...201627248438
spring viremia of carp virus n protein suppresses fish ifnφ1 production by targeting the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein.for a virus to replicate efficiently, it must try and inhibit host ifn expression because ifn is an important host defense at early stages after viral infection. for aquatic viruses, the mechanisms used to escape the hosts ifn system are still unclear. in this study, we show that the n protein of spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) inhibits zebrafish ifnφ1 production by degrading the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (mavs). first, the upregulation of ifnφ1 promoter activity stimulated b ...201626994222
spring viraemia of carp virus: recent advances.spring viraemia of carp is an environmentally and economically important disease affecting cyprinids, primarily common carp (cyprinus carpio). the causative agent of this disease is spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv) - a member of the genus vesiculovirus of the family rhabdoviridae. the disease is presently endemic in europe, america and several asian countries, where it causes significant morbidity and mortality in affected fish. svcv infection is generally associated with exophthalmia; abdom ...201626905065
genetic diversity of spring viraemia of carp virus isolates based on the glycoprotein gene. 201626791607
an n-targeting real-time pcr strategy for the accurate detection of spring viremia of carp virus.spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) is a highly pathogenic agent of several economically important cyprinidae fish species. currently, there are no effective vaccines or drugs for this virus, and prevention of the disease mostly relies on prompt diagnosis. previously, nested rt-pcr and rt-qpcr detection methods based on the glycoprotein gene g have been developed. however, the high genetic diversity of the g gene seriously limits the reliability of those methods. compared with the g gene, phylog ...201626717888
pathogenesis of spring viremia of carp virus in emerald shiner notropis atherinoides rafinesque, fathead minnow pimephales promelas rafinesque and white sucker catostomus commersonii (lacepede).spring viremia of carp (svc) is a reportable disease to the world organization of animal health (oie) as it is known to cause significant international economic impact. in canada, the first and only isolation of svc virus (svcv) was in 2006, from common carp cyprinus carpio l., at hamilton harbour, lake ontario. the susceptibility of fathead minnow pimephales promelas rafinesque, emerald shiner notropis atherinoides rafinesque and white sucker catostomus commersonii (lacepede) to intraperitoneal ...201626411333
development of an improved rt-pcr for specific detection of spring viraemia of carp virus.spring viraemia of carp (svc) is a rhabdovirus infection, which has a significant economic impact in pond cultures of carp in europe and western independent states of the former soviet union. the causative agent of svc, spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv), has been divided into four subgroups, ia, ib, ic and id, on the basis of glycoprotein (g) protein gene sequences. in this study, a new primer set was designed from a g gene sequence of svcv to identify the four subtypes of svcv by reverse tra ...201625832786
in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity assessment of selected pharmaceuticals in relation to escherichia coli and cyprinus carpio.genotoxicity studies (using sos chromotest and comet assay) of escherichia coli and carp (cyprinus carpio) were performed for three pharmaceutically active compounds, ciprofloxacin, 17α-ethinylestradiol and 5-fluorouracil, used in the treatment of humans. the values of genotoxicity induction coefficient (i) in the sos chromotest clearly showed genotoxicity for ciprofloxacin, both in the presence and in the absence of s9 fraction; 17α-ethinylestradiol demonstrated slight genotoxicity at the highe ...201627410723
differential responses to environmental challenge by common carp cyprinus carpio highlight the importance of coping style in integrative physiology.common carp cyprinus carpio displaying proactive or reactive stress coping styles were acclimated to two environmental regimes (low oxygen and low temperature), and selected groups were tested for response to an inflammatory challenge (escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, lps). plasma glucose and lactate levels were measured, as were selected c. carpio-specific messenger (m)rna transcript abundance, including cortisol receptor (cr), enolase (eno), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) ...201626762295
major acid endopeptidases of the blood-feeding monogenean eudiplozoon nipponicum (heteronchoinea: diplozoidae).in parasitic flatworms, acid endopeptidases are involved in crucial processes, including digestion, invasion, interactions with the host immune system, etc. in haematophagous monogeneans, however, no solid information has been available about the occurrence of these enzymes. here we aimed to identify major cysteine and aspartic endopeptidase activities in eudiplozoon nipponicum, an invasive haematophagous parasite of common carp. employing biochemical, proteomic and molecular tools, we found tha ...201626888494
disseminated infection due to exophiala pisciphila in cardinal tetra, paracheirodon axelrodi.cardinal tetra, paracheirodon axelrodi (schultz, 1956), kept in an ornamental tank, was found to be affected by severe invasive mycosis. externally, the disease manifested as abdominal swelling, and internally, the anterior part of the intestine was extremely bloated with abundant dematiaceous septate hyphae and an accumulation of fluid. histopathologically, a granulomatous inflammatory response was observed in the intestine wall, kidney and spleen. we assume that the mycotic agent was primarily ...201627982440
profilings of micrornas in the liver of common carp (cyprinus carpio) infected with flavobacterium columnare.micrornas (mirnas) play important roles in regulation of many biological processes in eukaryotes, including pathogen infection and host interactions. flavobacterium columnare (fc) infection can cause great economic loss of common carp (cyprinus carpio) which is one of the most important cultured fish in the world. however, mirnas in response to fc infection in common carp has not been characterized. to identify specific mirnas involved in common carp infected with fc, we performed microrna seque ...201627092486
detection of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus from the leeches hemiclepsis marginata and hirudo medicinalis.leeches have been reported to harbor several important fish pathogens, including spring viremia of carp virus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv), and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv), and also may contain blood protozoa. in the present study, leeches were collected from water bodies located in kurdistan province, iran. the specimens were tested for ihnv, vhsv, and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) using the pcr method. the results showed that two different species ...201627687675
susceptibility of common carp and sunfish to a strain of francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis in a challenge experiment.francisellosis, an emerging disease in many fish species, can cause high mortality in affected populations. here we investigated the susceptibility of common carp cyprinus carpio and sunfish lepomis gibbosus to francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis (fno), and possible transmission of the bacteria between the 2 fish species. in a challenge experiment, 3 groups of each species were injected intraperitoneally (ip) with 3 different doses of an fno strain no. 9449 of the norwegian veterinary inst ...201627667813
dynamics and effects of ligula intestinalis (l.) infection in the native fish barbus callensis valenciennes, 1842 in algeria.the dynamics of the emergence, duration, and decline phases in epizootic cycles are well known for humans and some crops, but they are poorly understood for host-parasite systems in the wild. parasites may be particularly insidious as they are often introduced unintentionally, simultaneously with their hosts, and later transferred to species in the new location. here we investigate the epizootic dynamics of the tapeworm ligula intestinalis in the hamiz reservoir, algeria, and explore its effects ...201627078654
edwardsiella tarda ompa encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles shows superior protection over inactivated whole cell vaccine in orally vaccinated fringed-lipped peninsula carp (labeo fimbriatus).the use of oral vaccination in finfish has lagged behind injectable vaccines for a long time as oral vaccines fall short of injection vaccines in conferring protective immunity. biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (nps) have shown potential to serve as antigen delivery systems for oral vaccines. in this study the recombinant outer membrane protein a (rompa) of edwardsiella tarda was encapsulated in chitosan nps (np-rompa) and used for oral vaccination of labeo fimbriatus. the rompa purity was ...201627827990
[composition of leucocytes of the head kidney of the crucian carp carassius auratus gibelio (cypriniformes: cyprinidae) as affected by invasion of cestode digramma interrupta (cestoda; pseudophyllidea)].the composition of leucocytes of the head kidney is studied in the crucian carps (carassius auratus) either contaminated or uncontaminated with digramma interrupta. the composition of leucocytes in the pronephros of the crucian carp from lake baikal basin has a lymphoid character. compared to the crucian carp from the european part of russia, in the fish from baikal the granulocytopoetic processes are more pronounced. this is proved by the high content of young forms of granulocytes. in the fish ...201622292296
proteomic analysis of cytoskeleton proteins in fish.in this chapter, we describe laboratory protocols for rearing fish and a simple and efficient method of extracting and identifying pathogen and host proteins that may be involved in entry and replication of commercially important fish viruses. we have used the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and goldfish (cyprinus auratus) as a model system for studies of proteins involved in viral entry and replication. the chapter describes detailed protocols for maintenance of carp, cell culture, antibody pu ...201626498797
molecular characterisation of a disseminated cryptosporidium infection in a koi carp (cyprinus carpio).cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite that infects a wide range of hosts, yet relatively little is known about the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in fish. here we report a disseminated cryptosporidium infection in a male koi carp (cyprinus carpio), with parasite stages identified deep within the epithelium of the intestine, kidneys, spleen, liver and gills causing severe granulomatous inflammatory lesions. molecular characterization at two loci; 18s ribosomal rna (rrna) and actin, revealed ...201627514884
the pacific white shrimp β-actin promoter: functional properties and the potential application for transduction system using recombinant baculovirus.a newly isolated pacific white shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) beta-actin promoter sbap and its derivative compact construct sbap (enx) have recently been demonstrated to promote ectopic gene expression in vitro and in vivo. to further explore the potential transduction application, this newly isolated shrimp promoter sbap was comparatively tested with cytomegalovirus (cmv), simian virus 40 (sv40), polyhedrin (polh), and white spot syndrome virus immediate early gene 1 (wssv ie1) four constitutive ...201627177910
detection of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in peripheral blood cells of silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio (bloch), suggests its potential in viral diagnosis.epidemics caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (cyhv-2) in domestic cyprinid species have been reported in both european and asian countries. although the mechanisms remain unknown, acute cyhv-2 infections generally result in high mortality, and the surviving carps become chronic carriers displaying no external clinical signs. in this study, in situ hybridization analysis showed that cyhv-2 tended to infect peripheral blood cells during either acute or chronic infections in silver crucian carp, cara ...201625630360
new detection of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in mass mortality event of carassius carassius (l.), in italy. 201627307189
cyprinid herpesvirus 3 as a potential biological control agent for carp (cyprinus carpio) in australia: susceptibility of non-target species.carp (cyprinus carpio l.) is a pest species in australian waterways, and cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is being considered as a potential biological control (biocontrol) agent. an important consideration for any such agent is its target specificity. in this study, the susceptibility to cyhv-3 of a range of non-target species (nts) was tested. the nts were as follows: 13 native australian, and one introduced, fish species; a lamprey species; a crustacean; two native amphibian species (tadpole a ...201628026008
cyprinid herpesvirus 3 and its evolutionary future as a biological control agent for carp in australia.biological invasions are a major threat to global biodiversity. australia has experienced many invasive species, with the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) a prominent example. cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) has been proposed as a biological control (biocontrol) agent for invasive carp in australia. safety and efficacy are critical factors in assessing the suitability of biocontrol agents, and extensive host-specificity testing suggests that cyhv-3 is safe. efficacy depends on the relationship b ...201627931224
emergence of carp edema virus in cultured ornamental koi carp, cyprinus carpio koi, in india.a disease outbreak was reported in adult koi, cyprinus carpio koi, from a fish farm in kerala, india, during june 2015. the clinical signs were observed only in recently introduced adult koi, and an existing population of fish did not show any clinical signs or mortality. microscopic examination of wet mounts from the gills of affected koi revealed minor infestation of dactylogyrus sp. in a few koi. in bacteriological studies, only opportunistic bacteria were isolated from the gills of affected ...201627902384
can water disinfection prevent the transmission of infectious koi herpesvirus to naïve carp? - a case report.hygienic measures such as disinfection are important tools for the maintenance of fish health in aquaculture. while little information is available on the disinfection of water intended for fish containment, huwa-san(®) , a disinfectant used in food and water industries, was used for daily treatment at concentrations of approximately 60 ppm over a total period of 3 months (experiment 1) with a 3-week treatment-free interval after 2 months (experiment 2). during this period, koi herpesvirus (khv) ...201627862001
validation of a serum neutralization test for detection of antibodies specific to cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in infected common and koi carp (cyprinus carpio).cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is the aetiological agent of a serious infective, notifiable disease affecting common carp and varieties. in survivors, infection is generally characterized by a subclinical latency phase with restricted viral replication. the cyhv-3 genome is difficult to detect in such carrier fish that represent a potential source of dissemination if viral reactivation occurs. in this study, the analytical and diagnostic performance of an alternative serum neutralization (sn) m ...201627716953
targeted genomic enrichment and sequencing of cyhv-3 from carp tissues confirms low nucleotide diversity and mixed genotype infections.koi herpesvirus disease (khvd) is an emerging disease that causes mass mortality in koi and common carp, cyprinus carpio l. its causative agent is cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), also known as koi herpesvirus (khv). although data on the pathogenesis of this deadly virus is relatively abundant in the literature, still little is known about its genomic diversity and about the molecular mechanisms that lead to such a high virulence. in this context, we developed a new strategy for sequencing full- ...201627703859
draining and liming of ponds as an effective measure for containment of cyhv-3 in carp farms.infections of common carp cyprinus carpio and koi, its coloured morphotypes, with the cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) can induce severe clinical signs and increased mortality in affected stocks. this may significantly challenge the economic basis of carp farming in central europe. to limit virus spread in carp farms, effective disinfection measures for ponds stocked with infected populations are required. in the traditional european pond aquaculture of carp, draining and liming of ponds with qui ...201627503923
rapid detection of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in latently infected koi by recombinase polymerase amplification.since the emergence of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), outbreaks have been devastating to common carp cyprinus carpio and koi (a variant of common carp), leading to high economic losses. current diagnostics for detecting cyhv-3 are limited in sensitivity and are further complicated by latency. here we describe the detection of cyhv-3 by recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa). the rpa assay can detect as low as 10 copies of the cyhv-3 genome by an isothermal reaction and yields results in ap ...201627485254
identification and expression analysis of cellular and viral micrornas in cyhv3-infected kcf-1 cells.micrornas (mirnas) are small non-coding rnas with approximately 22 nucleotides (nt) that are encoded by a diverse range of metazoan eukaryotes, plants and viruses. cyhv-3 (cyprinid herpesvirus-3) is a member of the alloherpesviridae virus family and has caused severe economic losses for the common carp and koi carp fishery industries. in this study, a total of 15,987,652 clean reads were generated from a cdna library of cyhv-3-infected kcf-1 (koi caudal fin) cells using high-throughput sequencin ...201627476971
the amino-terminal domain of orf149 of koi herpesvirus is preferentially targeted by igm from carp populations surviving infection.recombinantly expressed fragments of the protein encoded by orf149 (porf149), a structural protein from the common- and koi-carp-infecting cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (cyhv-3) that was previously shown to be antigenic, were used to obtain evidence that its amino-terminal part contains immunodominant epitopes in fish populations that survived the infection. to obtain such evidence, nonspecific binding of carp serum tetrameric igm had to be overcome by a novel elisa protocol (rec2-elisa). rec2-elisa in ...201627383208
[research advances in cyprinid herpesvirus 3].cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is the causative agent of an extremely contagious and aggressive disease afflicting common corp cyprinus carpio l. termed koi herpesvirus disease (khvd). since it was first reported in 1997, the virus has spread worldwide rapidly, leading to enormous financial losses in industries based on common carp and koi carp. this review summarizes recent advances in cyhv-3 research on the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and control of khvd.201627295892
concentration of carp edema virus (cev) dna in koi tissues affected by koi sleepy disease (ksd).carp edema virus (cev), the causative agent of 'koi sleepy disease' (ksd), appears to be spreading worldwide and to be responsible for losses in koi, ornamental varieties of the common carp cyprinus carpio. clinical signs of ksd include lethargic behaviour, swollen gills, sunken eyes and skin alterations and can easily be mistaken for other diseases, such as infection with cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3). to improve the future diagnosis of cev infection and to provide a tool to better explore th ...201627225208
identification and expression analysis of the sting gene, a sensor of viral dna, in common carp cyprinus carpio.stimulator of interferon gene (sting) was identified and characterized from common carp cyprinus carpio. the sting messenger (m)rna encoded a polypeptide of 402 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 46·184 kda and an isoelectronic point of 6·08. the deduced protein of sting contained a signal peptide, three transmembrane motifs in the n-terminal region and four putative motifs (rxr) found in resident endoplasmic reticulum proteins. mrna expression of sting was present in twelve investi ...201627001661
first detection of koi herpesvirus from koi, cyprinus carpio l. experiencing mass mortalities in iran: clinical, histopathological and molecular study.koi herpesvirus (khv) is the aetiological agent of an emerging disease (khvd) associated with mass mortalities in koi and common carp and reported from at least 30 countries. we report the first detection of khv from koi in iran using clinical, histopathological and molecular studies. khv-infected fish showed reduced swimming activity, sunken eyes and increased mucus production on skin and fins. on post-mortem examination, gill necrosis was observed in the majority of fish. histopathologically, ...201626813421
expression of immunogenic structural proteins of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in vitro assessed using immunofluorescence.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), also called koi herpesvirus (khv), is the aetiological agent of a fatal disease in carp and koi (cyprinus carpio l.), referred to as koi herpesvirus disease. the virus contains at least 40 structural proteins, of which few have been characterised with respect to their immunogenicity. indirect immunofluorescence assays (ifas) using two epitope-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were used to examine the expression kinetics of two potentially immunogenic and diag ...201626742989
transcriptomic analysis of koi (cyprinus carpio) spleen tissue upon cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv3) infection using next generation sequencing.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) can infect and specifically cause a huge economic loss in both common carp (cyprinus carpio) and its ornamental koi variety. the molecular mechanisms underlying cyhv-3 infection are not well understood. in this study, koi spleen tissues of both mock and cyhv-3 infection groups were collected, and high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes (degs) at the transcriptome level. a total of 105,356,188 clean reads from tw ...201626690666
kinetics of deposition, acute toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper in some freshwater organisms.experiments with environmentally relevant concentrations of cu in glass aquaria revealed that cu was quickly removed from water. cubic regression of cu concentration against time showed that maximum rate of removal was around 69.34-72.11 h irrespective of treatment. the 96 h lc50 value of cu was respectively 0.18, 0.19 and 0.35 mg/l for fish cyprinus carpio, crustacean diaptomus forbesi and worm branchiura sowerbyi. normalizing the lethal values and plotting them against time it was observed tha ...201627778046
the life cycle of thelohanellus kitauei (myxozoa: myxosporea) infecting common carp (cyprinus carpio) involves aurantiactinomyxon in branchiura sowerbyi.thelohanellus kitauei is a freshwater myxosporean parasite causing intestinal giant cystic disease of common carp. to clarify the life cycle of t. kitauei, we investigated the oligochaete populations in china and hungary. this study confirms two distinct aurantiactinomyxon morphotypes (aurantiactinomyxon type 1 and aurantiactinomyxon type 2) from branchiura sowerbyi as developmental stages of the life cycle of t. kitauei. the morphological characteristics and dna sequences of these two types are ...201627492197
occurrence of parasites of the genus eustrongylides spp. (nematoda: dioctophymatidae) in fish caught in trasimeno lake, italy.eustrongylides spp. is considered a freshwater fish zoonotic nematode. in the present study, the prevalence of eustrongylides spp. in six edible fish (european perch - perca fluviatilis, goldfish - carassius auratus, largemouth black bass - micropterus salmoides, tench- tinca tinca, carp - cyprinus carpio and sand smelt - atherina boyeri) of trasimeno lake was surveyed. the investigations were conducted from october 2014 to september 2015 and 384 specimens per species for each season were caught ...201628058245
complete genome sequence and architecture of crucian carp carassius auratus herpesvirus (cahv).crucian carp carassius auratus herpesvirus (cahv) was isolated from diseased crucian carp with acute gill hemorrhages and high mortality. the cahv genome was sequenced and analyzed. the data showed that it consists of 275,348 bp and contains 150 predicted orfs. the architecture of the cahv genome differs from those of four cyprinid herpesviruses (cyhv1, cyhv2, sy-c1, cyhv3), with insertions, deletions and the absence of a terminal direct repeat. phylogenetic analysis of the dna polymerase sequen ...201627591780
acute ammonia toxicity in crucian carp carassius auratus and effects of taurine on hyperammonemia.the four experimental groups were carried out to test the response of crucian carp carassius auratus to ammonia toxicity and taurine: group 1 was injected with nacl, group 2 was injected with ammonium acetate, group 3 was injected with ammonium acetate and taurine, and group 4 was injected with taurine. fish in group 2 had the highest ammonia and glutamine contents, and the lowest glutamate content in liver and brain. serum superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione (gsh) activities, red cell count ...201627510860
effects of inducers of cytochrome p450s on enrofloxacin n-deethylation in crucian carp carassius auratus gibelio.in this study with crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio), the effect on enrofloxacin (ef) and its metabolite ciprofloxacin (cf) and on the activity of cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) and cytochrome p450 3a (cyp3a) was estimated following the oral administration of rifampicin (rif) (12mg/kg) and β-naphthoflavone (bnf) (12mg/kg), respectively. first, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc) was used to detect the pharmacokinetics of ef with continual blood sampling. in rif-tre ...201627490210
homoeologue expression insights into the basis of growth heterosis at the intersection of ploidy and hybridity in cyprinidae.hybridization and polyploidization are considered important driving forces that form new epigenetic regulations. to study the changing patterns of expression accompanying hybridization and polyploidization, we used rna-seq and qrt-pcr to investigate global expression and homoeologue expression in diploid and tetraploid hybrids of carassius auratus red var. (♀) (r) and cyprinus carpio (♂) (c). by comparing the relative expression levels between the hybrids and their parents, we defined the expres ...201627265401
enzyme activity and morphological change in the spleens of crucian carp in the yongcheng coal mine subsidence area, china.the goal of the current study was to investigate the effects of pollution on aquatic organisms in the yongcheng coal mine subsidence area. crucian carp (carassius auratus) were collected from yongcheng natural fishpond (experimental group) and tianmu lake (control group), and the spleens were isolated for analysis. subsequently, histological changes, dna damage, and antioxidant enzyme activity were assessed. the result showed that there were more vacuoles, widened blood sinus cavities, increased ...201627173263
effects of ifnγ administration on allograft rejection in ginbuna crucian carp.in vertebrates, the rejection of allografts is primarily accomplished by cell-mediated immunity. we recently identified four ifnγ isoforms with antiviral activity in ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. however, involvement of the ifnγ isoforms in cell-mediated immunity, especially in t cell function remains unknown. here we investigate expression of the ifnγ isoforms and effects of administration of recombinant ifnγ (rgifnγ) isoforms in ginbuna scale allograft rejection. all fou ...201627156851
autotriploid origin of carassius auratus as revealed by chromosomal locus analysis.in the dongting water system, the carassius auratus (crucian carp) complex is characterized by the coexistence of diploid forms (2n=100, 2ncc) and polyploid forms. chromosomal and karyotypic analyses have suggested that the polyploid c. auratus has a triploid (3n=150, 3ncc) and a tetraploid origin (4n=200), respectively. however, there is a lack of direct genetic evidence to support this conclusion. in this paper, analysis of the 5s rdna chromosomal locus revealed that the 3ncc is of triploid or ...201627084707
species complexes and phylogenetic lineages of hoferellus (myxozoa, cnidaria) including revision of the genus: a problematic case for taxonomy.myxozoans are metazoan parasites whose traditional spore morphology-based taxonomy conflicts dna based phylogenies. freshwater species of the genus hoferellus are parasites of the excretory system, with several members infecting food and ornamental fish species, as well as amphibians. this study aims to increase our understanding of their molecular diversity and development, aspects about which little is known, and to generate a molecular diagnostic tool to discriminate between different pathoge ...201626754529
effects of temperature on in vitro short-term storage of sterlet sturgeon (acipenser ruthenus) ova.artificial propagation of sturgeons is becoming increasingly important for recovery efforts as well as for commercial production. sterlet acipenser ruthenus is a common eurasian sturgeon with a small body size and one of the fastest reproductive cycles among the sturgeons. the practical question being addressed in this study was how long fertilization of ovulated eggs can be delayed without substantially reducing the hatching rate, and an ancillary question is under what' temperature conditions ...201626708725
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