Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| hypoglycaemic role of wheatgrass and its effect on carbohydrate metabolic enzymes in type ii diabetic rats. | diabetes mellitus (dm) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. insulin resistance and insulin insufficiency is the major factor for the prognosis of type ii diabetes. consistent high glucose level leads to multiple secondary complications in diabetic patients. hence, hypoglycaemic drugs are of significance for reducing the risk of secondary complications in type ii diabetes. various hypoglycaemic drugs are already available in the market, but they are associated with several ... | 2016 | 25116122 |
| interference of allelopathic wheat with different weeds. | interference of allelopathic wheat with weeds involves a broad spectrum of species either independently or synergistically with competitive factors. this study examined the interference of allelopathic wheat with 38 weeds in relation to the production of allelochemical 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (dimboa) in wheat with and without root-root interactions. | 2016 | 25641926 |
| reactive oxygen species regulate programmed cell death progress of endosperm in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under waterlogging. | previous studies have proved that waterlogging stress accelerates the programmed cell death (pcd) progress of wheat endosperm cells. a highly waterlogging-tolerant wheat cultivar hua 8 and a waterlogging susceptible wheat cultivar hua 9 were treated with different waterlogging durations, and then, dynamic changes of reactive oxygen species (ros), gene expressions, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in endosperm cells were detected. the accumulation of ros increased considerably after 7 days o ... | 2016 | 25854793 |
| analysis of triticum aestivum seedling response to the excess of zinc. | the effects of 50 and 300 mg l(-1) zn(2+) (50 zn and 300 zn) were investigated in triticum aestivum (cv. żura) grown hydroponically for 7 days. although wheat treated with 50 zn took up relatively high amount of the metal (8,943 and 1,503 mg kg(-1) dw in roots and shoots, respectively), none of the morphological and cytological parameters were changed. after 300 zn, the metal concentration increased to 32,205 and 5,553 mg kg(-1) dw in roots and shoots, respectively. it was connected with the dep ... | 2016 | 25902894 |
| high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit-deficient mutants induced by ion beam and the effects of glu-1 loci deletion on wheat quality properties. | high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gss) play a critical role in determining the viscoelastic properties of wheat. mutations induced by ion beam radiation have been applied to improve the yield and quality of crop. in this study, hmw-gs-deficient mutant lines were selected and the effects of glu-1 loci deletion on wheat quality properties were illustrated according to the analysis of dry seeds of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) xiaoyan 81 treated with a nitrogen ion beam. | 2016 | 25886243 |
| the tadreb3 transgene transferred by conventional crossings to different genetic backgrounds of bread wheat improves drought tolerance. | drought tolerance of the wheat cultivar bobwhite was previously enhanced by transformation with a construct containing the wheat dreb3 gene driven by the stress-inducible maize rab17 promoter. progeny of a single t2 transgenic line were used as pollinators in crosses with four elite bread wheat cultivars from western australia: bonnie rock, igw-2971, magenta and wyalkatchem, with the aim of evaluating transgene performance in different genetic backgrounds. the selected pollinator line, bw8-9-10- ... | 2016 | 25940960 |
| molecular characterization and sequence diversity of genes encoding the large subunit of the adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the large subunit of adp glucose pyrophosphorylase (agpase), the rate limiting enzyme in starch biosynthesis in triticum aestivum l., is encoded by the adp glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit (agp-l) gene. this was the first report on the development of three genome-specific primer sets for isolating the complete genomic sequence of all three homoeologous agp-l genes on group 1 chromosomes. all three agp-l genes consisted of 15 introns and 15 exons. the lengths of the structural genes from s ... | 2016 | 26109252 |
| efficacies of designer biochars in improving biomass and nutrient uptake of winter wheat grown in a hard setting subsoil layer. | in the coastal plains region of the united states, the hard setting subsoil layer of norfolk soils results in low water holding capacity and nutrient retention, which often limits root development. in this region, the norfolk soils are under intensive crop production that further depletes nutrients and reduces organic carbon (c). incorporation of pyrolyzed organic residues or "biochars" can provide an alternative recalcitrant c source. however, biochar quality and effect can be inconsistent and ... | 2016 | 26112657 |
| [signal function of cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine in the reaction of triticum aestivum l. mesophyll cells to hyperthermia]. | the signaling effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (bap) on leaf mesophyll cells of triticum aestivum l. under hyperthermic conditions was studied. it was found that bap regulated photosynthetic pigment, hydrogen peroxide content and activity of antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase under high-temperature conditions. the additive effect of bap and high temperature on the activation of cell antioxidant systems was demonstrated. bap regulated reducing process ... | 2016 | 25816607 |
| comparison of redox and gene expression changes during vegetative/generative transition in the crowns and leaves of chromosome 5a substitution lines of wheat under low-temperature condition. | the aim of our experiments was to investigate the effect of chromosome 5a on the thiol-dependent redox environment and on the transcription of cold- and vernalization-related genes during the vegetative/generative transition in crowns and leaves of wheat. chinese spring, a moderately freezing-tolerant variety, and its more and less tolerant substitution lines - [cs(ch5a)] and [cs(tsp5a)], respectively - with different combinations of vernalization alleles were compared. at low temperature, the a ... | 2016 | 26100264 |
| effect of suppression of arabinoxylan synthetic genes in wheat endosperm on chain length of arabinoxylan and extract viscosity. | arabinoxylan (ax) is the dominant component within wheat (triticum aestivum l.) endosperm cell walls, accounting for 70% of the polysaccharide. the viscosity of aqueous extracts from wheat grain is a key trait influencing the processing for various end uses, and this is largely determined by the properties of endosperm ax. we have previously shown dramatic effects on endosperm ax in transgenic wheat by down-regulating either tagt43_2 or tagt47_2 genes (orthologues to irx9 and irx10 in arabidopsi ... | 2016 | 25819752 |
| antioxidative and anticarcinogenic activities of methylpheophorbide a, isolated from wheat grass (triticum aestivum linn.). | methylphophorbide a (mpa) has been isolated from the ethanol extract of the wheat grass plant. its antioxidative efficacy is evaluated by hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and reducing capacity which are significantly up regulated in comparison with aqueous extract of the plant. the compound shows iron-binding capacity where the fe(2+) binds with mpa by two types of binding patterns with dissociation constants 157.17 and 27.89. it has antioxidative and cytotoxic effects on hela and hep g2 c ... | 2016 | 25782530 |
| [morphophysiological monitoring of winter wheat at spring in connection with problem of global climate change]. | data on morphophysiological monitoring of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar mironovskaya 808 grown in hoagland and arnon solution in a greenhouse and transferred to natural conditions in march-april 2004 with the mean daily temperature of 0.6 +/- 0.7 degrees c within the exposure period of 42 days are presented. water content, dry weight of plants and their organs, frost hardiness of plants, degree of tissue damage by frost, co2 metabolism (photosynthesis and respiration), concentrati ... | 2016 | 17022477 |
| [effect of alien cytoplasm of goatgrass on biological and physiological properties of alloplasmic wheats]. | long-term studies of the cytoplasm-nucleus interactions in alloplasmic hybrids with the nucleus of triticum aestivum functioning in the alien cytoplasm of aegilops ovata are reviewed. the interaction of heterologous genome and cytoplasm affects the balanced mechanisms of developmental control of the parental forms. the changes are observed at all levels of both physiological and morphological processes. alloplasmic wheats produced by backcrossing represent a novel type of synthetic plant differe ... | 2016 | 16004259 |
| [transport of ions in mitochondria in connection with osmotic concentration of media]. | studies on mitochondria has revealed apparent violation of laws of osmosis, apparently, related to ion transport. in this context, we studied changes in the content of potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium in mitochondria from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots incubated in the buffer without the substrate with 0.3 or 0.5 m sucrose as well as potassium, and phosphate. the most pronounced changes were observed for potassium. potassium arrival to mitochondria was more active at 0.5 than 0.3 m ... | 2016 | 14735788 |
| [differences in growth and ontogenetic development of plants grown in the earth gravitational field in the natural and inverse orientation]. | wheat plants triticum aestivum l., apogee cultivar, were grown in the natural and inverse orientation of the earth gravitational field. special vegetation containers with double bottom were used for the cultivation. the upper bottom made of porous titanium served as a hydrophilic porous membrane stabilizing aquatic potential in the root-inhabited zone at a given level. normal plants yielding viable seeds were obtained for both natural and inverse orientation. in our experiments, the inverse orie ... | 2016 | 14994469 |
| [effect of vernalization and red light illumination of seedlings of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) on the temperature profile of the camp phosphodiesterase activity]. | phenotypic manifestations of vrn (vernalization) and ppd (photoperiodism) genes responsible for transition of bread wheat triticum aestivum l. to generative growth (flowering) are mutually related. since the mechanism of phytochrome-induced photoperiodism involves the enzymes of cyclic adenosine monophosphate metabolism and phosphodiesterase in particular, we tested involvement of phosphodiesterase in the process of winter wheat vernalization and formation of flowering competence in alternate wh ... | 2016 | 15354954 |
| [effect of cytokinin preparations on the pools of pigments and proteins of wheat cultivars differing in their tolerance to water stress]. | contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids, soluble leaf proteins, and the key enzyme of carbon metabolism--ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco; ec 4.1.1.39)--in young seedlings and adult leaves of the wheat triticum aestivum l. cultivars mironovskaya 808 and lyutestsens 758, contrasting in their water stress tolerances, were compared under conditions of normal available water supply, water deficiency, and subsequent rehydration. it was discovered that compounds displaying a cytokini ... | 2016 | 14593876 |
| [effect of preparations exhibiting cytokinin-like activity on the specific density of leaf in grasses]. | the effects of synthetic preparations exhibiting cytokinin-like activity (6-benzylaminopurine, thidiazuron, and kartolin-2) on the specific leaf area (sla) were studied in plants of the family gramineae (wheat, triticum aestivum l.; meadow fescue, festuca pratensis huds.; and reed fescue, f. arindinacea schreb.). at the early stages of ontogeny (until the leaf area reached 50-60% of the maximum value), treatment of plants of the three species with cytokinin-like preparations caused an increase i ... | 2016 | 12449801 |
| post-translational processing of beta-d-xylanases and changes in extractability of arabinoxylans during wheat germination. | endo-1,4-beta-d-xylanase (ec 3.2.1.8, beta-d-xylanase) activity, and arabinoxylan (ax) level and extractability were monitored for the first time simultaneously in wheat kernels (triticum aestivum cv. glasgow) up to 24 days post-imbibition (dpi), both in the absence and presence of added gibberellic acid (ga). roughly three different stages (early, intermediate and late) can be discriminated. addition of ga resulted in a faster increase of water extractable arabinoxylan (weax) level in the early ... | 2016 | 20031435 |
| proteolytic activity and cysteine protease expression in wheat leaves under severe soil drought and recovery. | the involvement of acidic proteases in soil drought response of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) at seedling stage in three cultivars differing in water stress tolerance was studied. withholding irrigation for seven days resulted in severe drought stress corresponding to 60% leaf water deficit. stressed plants were recovered by providing optimal water supply for 3 days. reversible changes in leaf pigment and protein content were registered, being least expressed in the drought-resistant culti ... | 2016 | 20004107 |
| variation at storage protein loci in winter common wheat cultivars of the central forest-steppe of ukraine. | genotypes at the gliadin loci gli-a1, gli-b1, gli-d1 and the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit loci glu-a1, glu-b1, glu-d1 were identified in 77 winter common wheat cultivars developed in the central forest steppe of ukraine in different periods of time. the highest level of variation was observed at the gli-a1 locus. predominant alleles (one or two per locus) were revealed. the comparison of allele frequencies in groups of cultivars developed in different periods of time (before 1996 and i ... | 2016 | 19663318 |
| [freezing tolerance of winter wheat plants depends on adaptation of photosynthesis and respiration in different time intervals]. | this study is devoted to co2 gas exchange (true photosynthesis at light saturation (p), dark respiration (r), and p/r ratio) in vegetating and cold-hardened winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants (cultivar mironovskaya 808) in relation to their freezing tolerance. under natural cultivation conditions, freezing tolerance of plants depended on adaptive changes in the shape of p and r curves in the temperature range from 20 to -2 degrees c. these changes, induced by cold hardening and treatment ... | 2016 | 19551968 |
| [freezing of dehydrated calluses of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in liquid nitrogen and their morphogenetic potential]. | a cryopreservation method developed earlier was modified for freezing the calluses derived from mature embryos of four spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) pure lines. the effects of individual stages of cryopreservation protocol on the water content, number of calluses resuming growth, and rate of morphogenesis were analyzed. growth resumption was observed in 90.5-100% of the calluses after dehydration and in 93.3-100% after freezing-thawing. the number of calluses displaying signs of morphogene ... | 2016 | 21077367 |
| application of capillary electrophoresis to determine the technological properties of wheat flours by a glutenin index. | capillary electrophoresis was used to characterize glutenin proteins from ancient varieties of southern italy common wheat and to determine the technological properties of wheat flours based on a glutenin index. three zones were identified in the electropherograms, indicated as a, b, and c according to electroelution order. the three zones corresponded to the low molecular weight glutenin subunits and to the y- and x-type high molecular weight subunits, respectively. the ratio b/c was correlated ... | 2016 | 19490316 |
| [changes in the activity of proteases and trypsin inhibitors in wheat leaves in the initial period of cold hardening and subsequent dehardening]. | the dynamics of amidase, cysteine protease, and trypsin inhibitor activities were studied in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings grown under controlled conditions (25 degrees c, illuminance 10 klx, 14-h photoperiod) and subjected to cold hardening (5 degrees c, 10 klx, 14-h photoperiod). changes in the activity of amidases and cysteine proteases proved to precede an increase in cold resistance during cold hardening and a decrease in cold resistance after the end of cold hardenin ... | 2016 | 18956732 |
| [a protector effect of cytokinin preparations on the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat plants under water deficiency conditions]. | the protective effects of the cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine and the compounds thidiazuron and kartolin, displaying a cytokinin activity, on the photosynthetic apparatus of young seedlings and leaves of adult plants of two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, mironovskaya 808 (more drought tolerant) and lutescens 758 (less tolerant to water stress), were compared on the background of an increasing water deficiency. at the stages of drought and subsequent rehydration, cartolin preparations were ... | 2016 | 18173117 |
| [specific features of source-sink relations in alloplasmic hybrid of winter wheat with alien cytoplasm of goatgrass with emphasis on resistance to low temperature stress]. | we studied the influence of alien cytoplasm of spring goatgrass aegilops ovata l. on some physiological parameters in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), mironovskaya 808, under normal conditions and in the case of modified source-sink relations. measurements of relative rates of plant dry matter growth and its distribution among organs, co2 exchange (photosynthesis upon light saturation and dark respiration), content of sugars (sucrose + glucose + fructose) and their ratio in leaves, frost har ... | 2016 | 17966903 |
| [effect of antioxidant-ambiol on the radiation adaptive response]. | for studying of the mechanism of adaptive response of plants the seeds of soft wheat triticum aestivum cultivar moscovskaya 39 were irradiated in doses 0.25, 50 and 0.25 + 50 gy and the frequency of cells with aberrations and the mitotic activity in the meristem of seedlings were scored. the pre- and post-treatments of seeds with antioxidant--ambiol were also used. it was found that the exposure of seeds to 0.25 gy reduce the effects of challenge dose of 50 gy: the mitotic index increases and th ... | 2016 | 17571724 |
| [effect of salt stress on respiration metabolism in higher plants]. | we studied the activity of nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, catalase, and peroxidase as well as the rate of 14co2 release after introduction of labeled substrates for glycolysis and citrate acid cycle within 24 h after salt stress (1% nacl) in 10-14 days old germinants of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and maize (zea mays l.) as well as thallus of small duckweed (wolffia arrhiza (l.) hork ex wimmer). oscillations in the enzymes activity with 4 ... | 2016 | 10868056 |
| on the hormonal regulation of ovary development in wheat triticum aestivum. | 2016 | 11977245 | |
| modeling light and temperature effects on leaf emergence in wheat and barley. | phenological development affects canopy structure, radiation interception, and dry matter production; most crop simulation models therefore incorporate leaf emergence rate as a basic parameter. a recent study examined leaf emergence rate as a function of temperature and daylength among wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) cultivars. leaf emergence rate and phyllochron were modeled as functions of temperature alone, daylength alone, and the interaction between temperature ... | 2016 | 11537630 |
| characterization and quantification of low molecular weight glutenins in durum wheats. | durum wheat proteins have been considered as a model because of the very clear-cut relationship previously evidenced between the electrophoretic type '42' or '45' of the components that are coded by the gli-b1 chromosome locus and the intrinsic quality (gluten viscoelasticity) of cultivars. the proteins from 4 cultivars were subjected to sequential extraction and separated into five groups, respectively, in: nacl, etoh (gliadins-i), etoh + mercaptoethanol (me) (gliadins-ii), acoh + me (glutenins ... | 2016 | 3120804 |
| a cytogenetic study dealing with the transfer of genes from triticum timopheevi to common wheat by backcrossing. | 2016 | 18113659 | |
| [influence of some bacteriostatic agents on the full growth cycle of triticum vulgare]. | 2016 | 13706897 | |
| degradation of n-alkanes and pahs from the heavy crude oil using salt-tolerant bacterial consortia and analysis of their catabolic genes. | in the present study, salt-tolerant strains, dietzia sp. hrj2, corynebacterium variabile hrj4, dietzia cinnamea hrj5 and bacillus tequilensis hrj6 were isolated from the dagang oil field, china. these strains degraded n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) aerobically from heavy crude oil (hco) in an experiment at 37 °c and 140 rpm. the gc/ms investigation for degradation of different chain lengths of n-alkanes (c8-c40) by individual strains showed the highest degradation of c8-c1 ... | 2017 | 28315056 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of two novel genes from hexaploid wheat that encode double pr-1 domains coupled with a receptor-like protein kinase. | hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) contains at least 23 tapr-1 genes encoding the group 1 pathogenesis-related (pr-1) proteins as identified in our previous work. here, we report the cloning and characterization of tapr-1-rk1 and tapr-1-rk2, two novel genes closely related to the wheat pr-1 family. the two tapr-1-rk genes are located on homoeologous chromosomes 3d and 3a, respectively, and each contains a large open reading frame (7385 or 6060 bp) that is interrupted by seven introns and sub ... | 2017 | 28120099 |
| simultaneous decolorization of sulfonated azo dyes and reduction of hexavalent chromium under high salt condition by a newly isolated salt-tolerant strain bacillus circulans bwl1061. | the co-existence of dyes, cr(vi) and high concentration of salt in dyeing wastewater causes serious and complex environmental problems. in this study, a salt-tolerant strain bacillus circulans bwl1061 was reported to simultaneously remove 50mg/l methyl orange and 50mg/l cr(vi) under the anaerobic condition with 60g/l nacl. during the decolorization process, the cr(vi) reduction occurred preferentially over the dye decolorization due to the dominate utilization of electron by cr(vi). the analysis ... | 2017 | 28284151 |
| a recessive pollination control system for wheat based on intein-mediated protein splicing. | a transgene-expression system for wheat that relies on the complementation of inactive precursor protein fragments through a split-intein system is described. the n- and c-terminal fragments of a barnase gene from bacillus amyloliquifaciens were fused to intein sequences from synechocystis sp. and transformed into wheat plants. upon translation, both barnase fragments are assembled by an autocatalytic intein-mediated trans-splicing reaction, thus forming a cytotoxic enzyme. this chapter focuses ... | 2017 | 27714617 |
| a mini-survey of moulds and mycotoxins in locally grown and imported wheat grains in nigeria. | a preliminary survey involving limited sample size was conducted to determine the spectrum of moulds and mycotoxins in wheat grains from flour mills and local markets in nigeria. fourteen wheat samples were analyzed for moulds using standard mycological methods and for toxic fungal metabolites using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method. fusarium (range of incidence 12.5-61.7%) dominated in the wheat grains though species of aspergillus (range of incidence 2.24-3.86%) were als ... | 2017 | 27905064 |
| immunoprophylactic potential of wheat grass extract on benzene-induced leukemia: an in vivo study on murine model. | wheat grass (triticum aestivum) is a gift of nature given to mankind. a number of scientific research on wheatgrass establishes its anticancer and antioxidant potential. current work was focused to determine antileukemic effect of wheat grass. | 2017 | 26288471 |
| triticum aestivum wrab18 functions in plastids and confers abiotic stress tolerance when overexpressed in escherichia coli and nicotiania benthamiana. | wrab18, an aba-inducible protein belongs to the third family of late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins which can be induced by different biotic or abiotic stresses. in the present study, wrab18 was cloned from the zhengyin 1 cultivar of triticum aestivum and overexpressed in escherichia coli to explore its effects on the growth of e. coli under different abiotic stresses. results suggested the enhanced exhibition of tolerance of e. coli to these stresses. meanwhile, the wrab18-transgenic tob ... | 2017 | 28207772 |
| herbal and plant therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. | the use of herbal therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is increasing worldwide. the aim of this study was to review the literature on the efficacy of herbal therapy in ibd patients. studies on herbal therapy for ibd published in medline and embase were reviewed, and response to treatment and remission rates were recorded. although the number of the relevant clinical studies is relatively small, it can be assumed that the efficacy of herbal therapies in ibd is promising. the most important ... | 2017 | 25830661 |
| a flowering locus c homolog is a vernalization-regulated repressor in brachypodium and is cold regulated in wheat. | winter cereals require prolonged cold to transition from vegetative to reproductive development. this process, referred to as vernalization, has been extensively studied in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana). in arabidopsis, a key flowering repressor called flowering locus c (flc) quantitatively controls the vernalization requirement. by contrast, in cereals, the vernalization response is mainly regulated by the vernalization genes, vrn1 and vrn2 here, we characterize oddsoc2, a recently identif ... | 2017 | 28034954 |
| effects of jasmonic acid signalling on the wheat microbiome differ between body sites. | jasmonic acid (ja) signalling helps plants to defend themselves against necrotrophic pathogens and herbivorous insects and has been shown to influence the root microbiome of arabidopsis thaliana. in this study, we determined whether ja signalling influences the diversity and functioning of the wheat (triticum aestivum) microbiome and whether these effects are specific to particular parts of the plant. activation of the ja pathway was achieved via exogenous application of methyl jasmonate and was ... | 2017 | 28134326 |
| air-borne contact dermatitis in varanasi. | forty-six patients suspected to have air borne contact dermatitis were tested with various plant antigens. thirteen patients turned out to be sensitive to one or more antigens. the plant antigens, used for testing, were parthenium hysterophorus, lantana camara, cynodon dactylon, bougainvaled spectabills, calotropis procera, argimone mexicana, acacia arabica, azadiracha indica, eucalyptus rostrata, saraka indica, triticum vulgare, triticum aestivum, dryopteris filix, nerium indicum, eclipta alba, ... | 2017 | 28150592 |
| three zinc-finger rna-binding proteins in cabbage (brassica rapa) play diverse roles in seed germination and plant growth under normal and abiotic stress conditions. | despite the increasing understanding of the stress-responsive roles of zinc-finger rna-binding proteins (rzs) in several plant species, such as arabidopsis thaliana, wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa), the functions of rzs in cabbage (brassica rapa) have not yet been elucidated. in this study, the functional roles of the three rz family members present in the cabbage genome, designated as brrz1, brrz2 and brrz3, were investigated in transgenic arabidopsis under normal and environm ... | 2017 | 27528428 |
| the effects of straw or straw-derived gasification biochar applications on soil quality and crop productivity: a farm case study. | thermal gasification of straw is a highly efficient technology that produces bioenergy and gasification biochar that can be used as a soil amendment, thereby returning non-renewable nutrients and stable carbon, and securing soil quality and crop productivity. a danish on-farm field study investigated the impact of traditional straw incorporation vs. straw removal for thermal gasification bioenergy production and the application of straw gasification biochar (gb) on soil quality and crop producti ... | 2017 | 27815006 |
| free asparagine and sugars profile of cereal species: the potential of cereals for acrylamide formation in foods. | cereals-based food is one of the major source of maillard reaction products in the diet. free amino acids and reducing sugars are considered to be the main precursors in the formation of these heat-induced compounds. in order to determine genetic resources with reduced potential for acrylamide formation, the content of sugars as well as free asparagine were analysed in a total of 30 cultivars of 10 varieties belonging to eight species (triticum aestivum var. lutescens, t. aestivum var. alba, t. ... | 2017 | 28150529 |
| residual soil nitrate content and profitability of five cropping systems in northwest iowa. | many communities in the midwestern united states obtain their drinking water from shallow alluvial wells that are vulnerable to contamination by no3-n from the surrounding agricultural landscape. the objective of this research was to assess cropping systems with the potential to produce a reasonable return for farmers while simultaneously reducing the risk of no3-n movement into these shallow aquifers. from 2009 to 2013 we conducted a field experiment in northwest iowa in which we evaluated five ... | 2017 | 28248976 |
| characterization of lr75: a partial, broad-spectrum leaf rust resistance gene in wheat. | here, we describe a strategy to improve broad-spectrum leaf rust resistance by marker-assisted combination of two partial resistance genes. one of them represents a novel partial adult plant resistance gene, named lr75. leaf rust caused by the fungal pathogen puccinia triticina is a damaging disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the combination of several, additively-acting partial disease resistance genes has been proposed as a suitable strategy to breed wheat cultivars with high levels of d ... | 2017 | 27659842 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of nb-arc resistant genes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and their expression during leaf rust infection. | nb-arc domain-containing resistance genes from the wheat genome were identified, characterized and localized on chromosome arms that displayed differential yet positive response during incompatible and compatible leaf rust interactions. wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is an important cereal crop; however, its production is affected severely by numerous diseases including rusts. an efficient, cost-effective and ecologically viable approach to control pathogens is through host resistance. in wheat, h ... | 2017 | 28401336 |
| taadf4, an actin-depolymerizing factor from wheat, is required for resistance to the stripe rust pathogen puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. | actin filament assembly in plants is a dynamic process, requiring the activity of more than 75 actin-binding proteins. central to the regulation of filament assembly and stability is the activity of a conserved family of actin-depolymerizing factors (adfs), whose primarily function is to regulate the severing and depolymerization of actin filaments. in recent years, the activity of adf proteins has been linked to a variety of cellular processes, including those associated with response to stress ... | 2017 | 27995685 |
| local dispersal of puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from isolated source lesions. | understanding how disease foci arise from single source lesions has not been well studied. here, single wheat leaves were inoculated with puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici urediniospores, and all wheat leaves within two intersecting 0.3 × 3.0 m transects were sampled in eight replicates over three years. the lesions observed on each of the top three leaves on plants within 1.5 m from the source lesion were three-dimensionally mapped. the total number of lesions within a 1.5 m radius was estima ... | 2017 | 28082751 |
| tarar1 is involved in wheat defense against stripe rust pathogen mediated by yrsu. | rar1 is a eukaryotic zinc-binding protein first identified as required for race-specific resistance to powdery mildew in barley. to study the function of tarar1 involvement in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) defense against the infection of stripe rust pathogen puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), we identified and cloned three wheat homeologous genes highly similar to the barley hvrar1, designated as tarar1-2a, tarar1-2b, and tarar1-2d. the three tarar1 proteins all contain two conserved cys ... | 2017 | 28261230 |
| wheat genotypes with combined resistance to wheat curl mite, wheat streak mosaic virus, wheat mosaic virus, and triticum mosaic virus. | the wheat curl mite, aceria tosichella keifer, (wcm) is a global pest of bread wheat that reduces yields significantly. in addition, wcm carries wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv, family potyviridae, genus tritimovirus), the most significant wheat virus in north america; high plains wheat mosaic virus (hpwmov, genus emaravirus, formerly high plains virus); and triticum mosaic virus (trimv, family potyviridae, genus poacevirus). viruses carried by wcm have reduced wheat yields throughout the u.s. g ... | 2017 | 28087646 |
| homoeologous recombination-based transfer and molecular cytogenetic mapping of a wheat streak mosaic virus and triticum mosaic virus resistance gene wsm3 from thinopyrum intermedium to wheat. | here, we report the production of a wheat- thinopyrum intermedium recombinant stock conferring resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus and triticum mosaic virus. wheat streak mosaic caused by the wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv) is an important disease of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. to date, only three genes conferring resistance to wsmv have been named and two, wsm1 and wsm3, were derived from the distantly related wild relative thinopyrum intermedium. wsm3 is only available in t ... | 2017 | 27900400 |
| wheat drought-responsive wxpl transcription factors regulate cuticle biosynthesis genes. | the cuticle forms a hydrophobic waxy layer that covers plant organs and provides protection from biotic and abiotic stresses. transcription of genes responsible for cuticle formation is regulated by several types of transcription factors (tfs). five orthologous to wax production (wxp1 and wxp2) genes from medicago truncatula were isolated from a cdna library prepared from flag leaves and spikes of drought tolerant wheat (triticum aestivum, breeding line rac875) and designated tawxp-like (tawxpl) ... | 2017 | 28161858 |
| insights into tan spot and stem rust resistance and susceptibility by studying the pre-green revolution global collection of wheat. | tan spot (ts), caused by the fungus pyrenophora tritici-repentis (died) drechs, is an important foliar disease of wheat and has become a threat to world wheat production since the 1970s. in this study a globally diverse pre-1940s collection of 247 wheat genotypes was evaluated against ptr toxa, p. tritici-repentis race 1, and stem rust to determine if; (i) acquisition of ptr toxa by the p. tritici-repentis from stagonospora nodorum led to increased pathogen virulence or (ii) incorporation of ts ... | 2017 | 28381959 |
| highly predictive snp markers for efficient selection of the wheat leaf rust resistance gene lr16. | lr16 is a widely deployed leaf rust resistance gene in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that is highly effective against the north american puccinia triticina population when pyramided with the gene lr34. lr16 is a seedling leaf rust resistance gene conditioning an incompatible interaction with a distinct necrotic ring surrounding the uredinium. lr16 was previously mapped to the telomeric region of the short arm of wheat chromosome 2b. the goals of this study were to develop numerous single nucleoti ... | 2017 | 28202046 |
| mlo-based powdery mildew resistance in hexaploid bread wheat generated by a non-transgenic tilling approach. | wheat is one of the most widely grown cereal crops in the world and is an important food grain source for humans. however, wheat yields can be reduced by many abiotic and biotic stress factors, including powdery mildew disease caused by blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (bgt). generating resistant varieties is thus a major effort in plant breeding. here, we took advantage of the non-transgenic targeting induced lesions in genomes (tilling) technology to select partial loss-of-function alleles of t ... | 2017 | 27565953 |
| proteomic analysis of the compatible interaction of wheat and powdery mildew (blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici). | proteome characteristics of wheat leaves with the powdery mildew pathogen blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (bgt) infection were investigated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and tandem maldi-tof/tof-ms. we identified 46 unique proteins which were differentially expressed at 24, 48, and 72 h post-inoculation. the functional classification of these proteins showed that most of them were involved in photosynthesis, carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, defense responses, and signal transduction. ... | 2017 | 27951493 |
| avrpm2 encodes an rnase-like avirulence effector which is conserved in the two different specialized forms of wheat and rye powdery mildew fungus. | there is a large diversity of genetically defined resistance genes in bread wheat against the powdery mildew pathogen blumeria graminis (b. g.) f. sp. tritici. many confer race-specific resistance to this pathogen, but until now only the mildew avirulence gene avrpm3(a2/f2) that is recognized by pm3a/f was known molecularly. we performed map-based cloning and genome-wide association studies to isolate a candidate for the mildew avirulence gene avrpm2. we then used transient expression assays in ... | 2017 | 27935041 |
| molecular cytogenetic identification of a wheat-thinopyrum ponticum translocation line resistant to powdery mildew. | thinopyrum ponticum (2n = 70) serves as a valuable gene pool for wheat improvement. line sn0224, derived from crosses between th. ponticum and the common wheat cultivar yannong15, was identified in the present study. cytogenetic observations showed that sn0224 contains 42 chromosomes in the root-tip cells and 21 bivalents in the pollen mother cells, thereby demonstrating its cytogenetic stability. genomic in situ hybridization, probed with the total genomic dna of th. ponticum, produced hybridiz ... | 2017 | 28360402 |
| identification of pm58 from aegilops tauschii. | a novel powdery mildew-resistance gene, designated pm58, was introgressed directly from aegilops tauschii to hexaploid wheat, mapped to chromosome 2ds, and confirmed to be effective under field conditions. selectable kasp™ markers were developed for mas. powdery mildew caused by blumeria graminis (dc.) f. sp. tritici (bgt) remains a significant threat to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) production. the rapid breakdown of race-specific resistance to bgt reinforces the need to identify novel sources o ... | 2017 | 28255671 |
| homoeologous recombination-based transfer and molecular cytogenetic mapping of powdery mildew-resistant gene pm57 from aegilops searsii into wheat. | pm57, a novel resistant gene against powdery mildew, was transferred into common wheat from ae. searsi and further mapped to 2s (s) #1l at an interval of fl0.75 to fl0.87. powdery mildew, caused by the fungus blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most severe foliar diseases of wheat causing reduction in grain yield and quality. host plant resistance is the most effective and environmentally safe approach to control this disease. tests of a set of chinese spring-ae. searsii (s(s)s(s), 2 ... | 2017 | 28116459 |
| cereal immunity against powdery mildews targets rnase-like proteins associated with haustoria (ralph) effectors evolved from a common ancestral gene. | 2017 | 28079937 | |
| multiple minor qtls are responsible for fusarium head blight resistance in chinese wheat landrace haiyanzhong. | fusarium head blight (fhb), caused by fusarium graminearum schwabe, is a devastating disease in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). use of host resistance is one of the most effective strategies to minimize the disease damage. haiyanzhong (hyz) is a chinese wheat landrace that shows a high level of resistance to fhb spread within a spike (type ii resistance). to map the quantitative trait loci (qtls) in hyz and identify markers tightly linked to the qtls for fhb resistance, a population of 172 recombi ... | 2017 | 27676181 |
| time-course expression qtl atlas of the global transcriptional response of wheat to fusarium graminearum. | fusarium head blight is a devastating disease of small grain cereals such as bread wheat (triticum aestivum). the pathogen switches from a biotrophic to a nectrotrophic lifestyle in course of disease development forcing its host to adapt its defence strategies. using a genetical genomics approach we illustrate genome-wide reconfigurations of genetic control over transcript abundances between two decisive time points after inoculation with the causative pathogen fusarium graminearum. whole transc ... | 2017 | 28332274 |
| occurrence of mycotoxins in wheat grains exposed to fungicides on fusarium head blight control in southern brazil. | mycotoxins occurrence in wheat grains impose risks to human and animal health. the southern brazil has favorable weather conditions for fusarium graminearum infections and consequently for mycotoxins accumulation on grains. the goal of this study was to evaluate the behavior of new wheat commercial genotypes to fusarium head blight (fhb), to control performance of new fungicide formulations and their relationship with mycotoxins concentration in grains. the manly mycotoxin occurrence on wheat gr ... | 2017 | 28080216 |
| the plant response induced in wheat ears by a combined attack of sitobion avenae aphids and fusarium graminearum boosts fungal infection and deoxynivalenol production. | the pathogen fusarium graminearum, producer of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol, and sitobion avenae aphids both reside on wheat ears. we explored the influence of an earlier aphid infestation on the expression profile of specific molecular markers associated with f. graminearum infection. using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, we followed the expression of wheat defence genes on s. avenae infestation and explored the effect on a subsequent f. graminearum infect ... | 2017 | 26918628 |
| assessment of environmental and health risks in former polymetallic ore mining and smelting area, slovakia: spatial distribution and accumulation of mercury in four different ecosystems. | former long-term mining and smelting of pollymetallic ores in the middle spiš area caused a serious contamination problem of the environment with heavy metals and metalloids, especially mercury (hg). several studies have reported concentration of hg in the area but this paper provides first detailed characterization of hg contamination of different environmental components in agricultural, forest, grassland and urban ecosystems. the ecosystems are in different distances from emission sources - f ... | 2017 | 28633101 |
| the wheat nb-lrr gene tarcr1 is required for host defence response to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen rhizoctonia cerealis. | the necrotrophic fungus rhizoctonia cerealis is the major pathogen causing sharp eyespot disease in wheat (triticum aestivum). nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (nb-lrr) proteins often mediate plant disease resistance to biotrophic pathogens. little is known about the role of nb-lrr genes involved in wheat response to r. cerealis. in this study, a wheat nb-lrr gene, named tarcr1, was identified in response to r. cerealis infection using artificial neural network analysis based on comparativ ... | 2017 | 27862842 |
| screening and characterization of potentially suppressive soils against gaeumannomyces graminis under extensive wheat cropping by chilean indigenous communities. | wheat production around the world is severely compromised by the occurrence of "take-all" disease, which is caused by the soil-borne pathogen gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (ggt). in this context, suppressive soils are those environments in which plants comparatively suffer less soil-borne pathogen diseases than expected, owing to native soil microorganism activities. in southern chile, where 85% of the national cereal production takes place, several studies have suggested the existence of ... | 2017 | 28861064 |
| synergistic effect of chryseobacterium gleum sp. suk with acc deaminase activity in alleviation of salt stress and plant growth promotion in triticum aestivum l. | soil salinity is major abiotic stresses affecting morphological, biochemical and physiological processes of plant growth. chryseobacterium gleum sp. suk isolated from salt-stressed soil exhibited acc (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase activity with iaa (indole acetic acid), siderophore, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide production, 2% salt tolerance and fungal cell wall degrading enzyme production (cellulase, protease). the isolate also showed a poultry feather degrading activity which is the ... | 2017 | 28560646 |
| the fusarium crown rot pathogen fusarium pseudograminearum triggers a suite of transcriptional and metabolic changes in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | fusarium crown rot caused by the fungal pathogen fusarium pseudograminearum is a disease of wheat and barley, bearing significant economic cost. efforts to develop effective resistance to this disease have been hampered by the quantitative nature of resistance and a lack of understanding of the factors associated with resistance and susceptibility. here, we aimed to dissect transcriptional responses triggered in wheat by f. pseudograminearum infection. | 2017 | 27941094 |
| arbuscular mycorrhiza augments arsenic tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by strengthening antioxidant defense system and thiol metabolism. | arbuscular mycorrhiza (am) can help plants to tolerate arsenic (as) toxicity. however, plant responses are found to vary with the host plant and the am fungal species. the present study compares the efficacy of two am fungi rhizoglomus intraradices (m1) and glomus etunicatum (m2) in amelioration of as stress in wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. hd-2967). mycorrhizal (m) and non-mycorrhizal (nm) wheat plants were subjected to four levels of as (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg as kg(-1) soil). although as ad ... | 2017 | 28642762 |
| tapimp2, a pathogen-induced myb protein in wheat, contributes to host resistance to common root rot caused by bipolaris sorokiniana. | myb transcription factors (tfs) have been implicated in various biology processes in model plants. however, functions of the great majority of myb tfs in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) have not been characterized. the soil-borne fungal pathogens bipolaris sorokiniana and rhizoctonia cerealis are the causal agents of important destructive diseases of wheat. here, the tapimp2 gene, encoding a pathogen-induced myb protein in wheat, was isolated through comparative transcriptomic analysis, and its def ... | 2017 | 28496196 |
| bioassessment of heavy metals in the surface soil layer of an opencast mine aimed for its rehabilitation. | the contemporary reclamation method in an opencast coal mine closure comprises the use of the preserved surface soil layer (ssl) before mining, and can be directly returned to the areas being rehabilitated. the present study emphasizes a risk in the use of such a ssl in mine rehabilitation due to the possible excessive amount of heavy metals which usually derives from a metal-rich sediment or fluvial character of overburden material. this indication was approved by the bioassessment of cadmium ( ... | 2017 | 27823905 |
| accurate measurement of transgene copy number in crop plants using droplet digital pcr. | genetic transformation is a powerful means for the improvement of crop plants, but requires labor- and resource-intensive methods. an efficient method for identifying single-copy transgene insertion events from a population of independent transgenic lines is desirable. currently, transgene copy number is estimated by either southern blot hybridization analyses or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) experiments. southern hybridization is a convincing and reliable method, but it also is ... | 2017 | 28231382 |
| toxicity of combined mixtures of nanoparticles to plants. | an increasing production and using of nanoproducts results in releasing and dispersing nanoparticles (nps) in the environment. being released into various environment components, nps may interact with numerous pollutants, including other nps. this research aimed at assessing toxicity of combined binary mixtures of nps. the study focused on assessing mixtures of nps believed to be toxic (nano-zno+nano-cuo) and nano-zno/nano-cuo with the ones that are insignificantly toxic or non-toxic nps (nano-t ... | 2017 | 28273569 |
| profiling diuraphis noxia (hemiptera: aphididae) transcript expression of the biotypes sa1 and sam feeding on various triticum aestivum varieties. | the intimate relationship between an aphid and its host is mediated by the composition of the secreted saliva. in the present study, aphid heads were sampled and transcript profiling conducted after aphids were fed on their preference host and transferred to a variety of preference and nonpreference hosts. it was found that the virulent diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae) biotype sam was able to selectively up-regulate more transcripts when confronted with feeding on a variety of ... | 2017 | 28334389 |
| inoculating wheat (triticum aestivum l.) with the endophytic bacterium serratia sp. pw7 to reduce pyrene contamination. | this research was conducted to find an optimal inoculation way for a pyrene-degrading endophytic serratia sp. pw7 to colonize wheat for reducing pyrene contamination. three inoculation ways, which are soaking seeds in inocula (ts), dipping roots of seedlings in inocula (tr), and spraying inocula on leaves of seedlings (tl), were used in this study. inoculated seedlings and non-inoculated seedlings (ck) were respectively cultivated in hoagland solutions supplemented with pyrene in a growth chambe ... | 2017 | 28121475 |
| the endophytic bacterium serratia sp. pw7 degrades pyrene in wheat. | this research was conducted to isolate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading (pah-degrading) endophytic bacteria and investigate their potential in protecting plants against pah contamination. pyrene-degrading endophytic bacteria were isolated from plants grown in pah-contaminated soil. among these endophytic bacteria, strain pw7 (serratia sp.) isolated from plantago asiatica was selected to investigate the suppression of pyrene accumulation in triticum aestivum l. in the in vitro tests, str ... | 2017 | 28083742 |
| detection of bacillus and stenotrophomonas species growing in an organic acid and endocrine-disrupting chemical-rich environment of distillery spent wash and its phytotoxicity. | sugarcane molasses-based distillery spent wash (dsw) is well known for its toxicity and complex mixture of various recalcitrant organic pollutants with acidic ph, but the chemical nature of these pollutants is unknown. this study revealed the presence of toxic organic acids (butanedioic acid bis(tms)ester; 2-hydroxysocaproic acid; benzenepropanoic acid, α-[(tms)oxy], tms ester; vanillylpropionic acid, bis(tms)), and other recalcitrant organic pollutants (2-furancarboxylic acid, 5-[[(tms)oxy] met ... | 2017 | 28000121 |
| uptake and metabolism of 10:2 fluorotelomer alcohol in soil-earthworm (eisenia fetida) and soil-wheat (triticum aestivum l.) systems. | the behavior of 10:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (10:2 ftoh) in the systems of soil-earthworm (eisenia fetida), soil-wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and soil-earthworm-wheat, including degradation in soil, uptake and metabolism in wheat and earthworms were investigated. several perfluorocarboxylic acids (pfcas) as degradation products of 10:2 ftoh were identified in the soil, plant and earthworms. 10:2 ftoh could be biodegraded to perfluorooctanoate (pfoa), perfluorononanate (pfna) and perfluorodecanoate ... | 2017 | 27639617 |
| uncertainty in measurements of the photorespiratory co2 compensation point and its impact on models of leaf photosynthesis. | rates of carbon dioxide assimilation through photosynthesis are readily modeled using the farquhar, von caemmerer, and berry (fvcb) model based on the biochemistry of the initial rubisco-catalyzed reaction of net c3 photosynthesis. as models of co2 assimilation rate are used more broadly for simulating photosynthesis among species and across scales, it is increasingly important that their temperature dependencies are accurately parameterized. a vital component of the fvcb model, the photorespira ... | 2017 | 28382593 |
| artificial macropores attract crop roots and enhance plant productivity on compacted soils. | the structure of compacted soils is characterised by decreased (macro-)porosity, which leads to increased mechanical impedance and decreased fluid transport rates, resulting in reduced root growth and crop productivity. particularly in soils with high mechanical impedance, macropores can be used by roots as pathways of least resistance. this study investigated how different soil physical states relate to whole plant growth and whether roots grow towards spots with favourable soil physical condit ... | 2017 | 27712865 |
| rising atmospheric co2 concentration may imply higher risk of fusarium mycotoxin contamination of wheat grains. | increasing atmospheric co2 concentration not only has a direct impact on plants but also affects plant-pathogen interactions. due to economic and health-related problems, special concern was given thus in the present work to the effect of elevated co2 (750 μmol mol(-1)) level on the fusarium culmorum infection and mycotoxin contamination of wheat. despite the fact that disease severity was found to be not or little affected by elevated co2 in most varieties, as the spread of fusarium increased o ... | 2017 | 28573418 |
| genome-wide identification and analysis of the mads-box gene family in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the mads-box genes encode transcription factors with key roles in plant growth and development. a comprehensive analysis of the mads-box gene family in bread wheat (triticum aestivum) has not yet been conducted, and our understanding of their roles in stress is rather limited. here, we report the identification and characterization of the mads-box gene family in wheat. a total of 180 mads-box genes classified as 32 mα, 5 mγ, 5 mδ, and 138 mikc types were identified. evolutionary analysis of the ... | 2017 | 28742823 |
| cytogenetic mapping of a major locus for resistance to fusarium head blight and crown rot of wheat on thinopyrum elongatum 7el and its pyramiding with valuable genes from a th. ponticum homoeologous arm onto bread wheat 7dl. | a major locus for resistance to different fusarium diseases was mapped to the most distal end of th. elongatum 7el and pyramided with th. ponticum beneficial genes onto wheat 7dl. perennial triticeae species of the thinopyrum genus are among the richest sources of valuable genes/qtl for wheat improvement. one notable and yet unexploited attribute is the exceptionally effective resistance to a major wheat disease worldwide, fusarium head blight, associated with the long arm of thinopyrum elongatu ... | 2017 | 28656363 |
| wheat vacuolar iron transporter tavit2 transports fe and mn and is effective for biofortification. | increasing the intrinsic nutritional quality of crops, known as biofortification, is viewed as a sustainable approach to alleviate micronutrient deficiencies. in particular, iron deficiency anemia is a major global health issue, but the iron content of staple crops such as wheat (triticum aestivum) is difficult to change because of genetic complexity and homeostasis mechanisms. to identify target genes for the biofortification of wheat, we functionally characterized homologs of the vacuolar iron ... | 2017 | 28684433 |
| five fatty acyl-coenzyme a reductases are involved in the biosynthesis of primary alcohols in aegilops tauschii leaves. | the diploid aegilops tauschii is the d-genome donor to hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) and represents a potential source for genetic study in common wheat. the ubiquitous wax covering the aerial parts of plants plays an important role in protecting plants against non-stomatal water loss. cuticular waxes are complex mixtures of very-long-chain fatty acids, alkanes, primary and/or secondary alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, triterpenes, sterols, and flavonoids. in the present work, primary ... | 2017 | 28659955 |
| genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of pht1 phosphate transporters in wheat. | the pht1 family of phosphate (pi) transporters mediates phosphorus (p) uptake and re-mobilization in plants. a genome-wide sequence analysis of pht1 genes in wheat (triticum aestivum) was conducted, and their expression locations and responses to p availability were further investigated. we cloned 21 tapht1 genes from the homologous alleles at tapht1.1 to 1.10 through screening a bac library and amplifying genomic sequences. the tapht1 transporters were clustered into five branches in the phylog ... | 2017 | 28443126 |
| complete genome sequencing and targeted mutagenesis reveal virulence contributions of tal2 and tal4b of xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa icmp11055 in bacterial leaf streak of wheat. | bacterial leaf streak caused by xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (xtu) is an important disease of wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare) worldwide. transcription activator-like effectors (tales) play determinative roles in many of the plant diseases caused by the different species and pathovars of xanthomonas, but their role in this disease has not been characterized. icmp11055 is a highly virulent xtu strain from iran. the aim of this study was to better understand genetic d ... | 2017 | 28848509 |
| sources of resistance and susceptibility to septoria tritici blotch of wheat. | an association genetics analysis was conducted to investigate the genetics of resistance to septoria tritici blotch, caused by the fungus zymoseptoria tritici (alternatively mycosphaerella graminicola), in cultivars and breeding lines of wheat (triticum aestivum) used in the uk between 1860 and 2000. the population was tested with diversity array technology (dart) and simple-sequence repeat (ssr or microsatellite) markers. the lines formed a single population with no evidence for subdivision, be ... | 2017 | 27558898 |
| risk element immobilization/stabilization potential of fungal-transformed dry olive residue and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi application in contaminated soils. | the use of biotransformed dry olive residue (dor) as organic soil amendment has recently been proposed due to its high contents of stabilized organic matter and nutrients. the potential of biotransformed dor to immobilize risk elements in contaminated soils might qualify dor as a potential risk element stabilization agent for in situ soil reclamation practices. in this experiment, the mobility of risk elements in response to penicillium chrysogenum-10-transformed dor, funalia floccosa-transforme ... | 2017 | 28651221 |
| biotoxic impact of heavy metals on growth, oxidative stress and morphological changes in root structure of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and stress alleviation by pseudomonas aeruginosa strain cpsb1. | rapid industrialization and uncontrolled metal discharge into environment is a global concern for crop production. metal tolerant bacterium isolated from chilli rhizosphere was identified as pseudomonas aeruginosa by 16s rdna sequence analysis. pseudomonas aeruginosa tolerated high concentrations of cu (1400 μg ml(-1)), cd (1000 μg ml(-1)) and cr (1000 μg ml(-1)). pseudomonas aeruginosa cpsb1 produced multiple plant growth promoting biomolecules in the presence and absence of metals. strain cpsb ... | 2017 | 28747006 |
| seed treatments with thiamine reduce the performance of generalist and specialist aphids on crop plants. | thiamine is a vitamin that has been shown to act as a trigger to activate plant defence and reduce pathogen and nematode infection as well as aphid settling and reproduction. we have here investigated whether thiamine treatments of seeds (i.e. seed dressing) would increase plant resistance against aphids and whether this would have different effects on a generalist than on specialist aphids. seeds of wheat, barley, oat and pea were treated with thiamine alone or in combination with the biocontro ... | 2017 | 28578733 |
| rapid phenotyping adult plant resistance to stem rust in wheat grown under controlled conditions. | stem rust (sr) or black rust caused by puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the most common diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) crops globally. among the various control measures, the most efficient and sustainable approach is the deployment of genetically resistant cultivars. traditionally, wheat breeding programs deployed genetic resistance in cultivars, but unknowingly this is often underpinned by a single seedling resistance gene, which is readily overcome by the pathogen. nowaday ... | 2017 | 28856651 |