Publications

[listeria monocytogenes meningitis in the adult in spain. report of 10 cases and review of the literature].	ten new cases of listeria monocytogenes meningitis (lmm) in the adult are here reported. also, a review is made of reported cases by spanish authors in the last 30 years, with an analysis of the predisposing conditions and mortality rate from this type of bacterial meningitis (bm) throughout the study period.	2002	12459091
environmental factors influencing the inactivation of listeria monocytogenes by pulsed electric fields.	to investigate the influence of the growth phase, growth temperature, storage time, ph and aw of the treatment medium on the resistance of listeria monocytogenes to pulsed electric fields (pef).	2002	12460430
detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms within the listeria genus using an 'asymmetric' fluorogenic probe set and fluorescence resonance energy transfer based-pcr.	we describe a novel and inexpensive fluorescence energy transfer (fret)-based pcr protocol to distinguish single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) within the genus listeria.	2002	12460435
influence of interactions between temperature, ferric ammonium citrate and glycine betaine on the growth of listeria monocytogenes in a defined medium.	to investigate interactions, if any, between temperature, ferric ammonium citrate and glycine betaine on the growth of listeria monocytogenes in modified pine's medium (pine et al. 1989).	2002	12460440
adjuvanticity of an il-12 fusion protein expressed by recombinant deltag-vesicular stomatitis virus.	the remarkable immunomodulatory and adjuvant properties of ril-12 have been well described. many early studies documenting the adjuvanticity of il-12 were performed using the murine model of listeria monocytogenes infection. in this report, we describe the construction of an attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv-deltag) that encodes a single-chain il-12 fusion protein (il-12f), and the use of this virus as an expression vector to produce large quantities of il-12f. vsv-expressed ...	2002	12470614
cationic polypeptides are required for antibacterial activity of human airway fluid.	in a search for direct evidence leading to the biological relevance of airway secretions in innate host defense, we characterized the antibacterial function of cationic polypeptides within minimally manipulated nasal fluid. in this study, we show that cationic antimicrobial polypeptides are responsible for most of the bactericidal activity of whole nasal fluid. the removal of cationic polypeptides using a cation-exchange resin ablated the activity of nasal fluid against escherichia coli, listeri ...	2002	12471133
proteomic analysis of response to acid in listeria monocytogenes.		2002	12474392
[effects of mercury on the course of listeria monocytogenes infection in mice].	effects of mercury ions on the colonization of mice organs by listeria monocytogenes were investigated. it was found that single injection of 0.05 ld50 mercury ions has little effect on listeria spreading in mice internal organs. dissemination of bacteria in the liver of mice, which received 0.5 ld50, was similar to that one in control animals, which received physiologic solution, while higher numbers of bacteria were found in spleen of experimental animals at later stages of infection (after 24 ...	2002	12474674
[effects of aluminum ions on the resistance of mice to experimental listeria monocytogenes infection].	this study presents evaluation of effects of aluminium ions on the development of experimental infection induced by the injection of listeria monocytogenes bacteria into growing mice. we show that single exposure of mice to 0.05 ld50 or 0.5 ld50 of aluminium ions does not affect the accumulation of bacteria in liver and spleen of experimental animals. long-term exposure of mice to aluminium ions (injection of 0.05 ld50 al3+ every 3 days for totally 6 weeks) did not slow down the increase in weig ...	2002	12474775
listeriosis in iceland, 1978-2000: a description of cases and molecular epidemiology.	the purpose of our study was to review all cases of listeriosis in iceland during the period 1978-2000 and to analyse the genetic relatedness of their isolates. case records of all patients in iceland with listeriosis during the period were reviewed and the isolates compared using serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) using smai, asei and apai restriction enzymes. forty cases of listeriosis were diagnosed during the period, resulting in a mean annual incidence of 6.9 cases per m ...	2002	12477323
cns listeriosis confused with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in a patient with a malignant insulinoma.	we describe a case of presumed listeria monocytogenes rhomboencephalitis, which was initially confused with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in a patient with a malignant carcinoid tumor. long-term corticosteroid treatment and immunosuppression caused by malignancy predisposed the patient to developing listeriosis. the clinical and radiologic features of this illustrative case are described. listeriosis is an important treatable differential diagnosis in patients with malignancy presenting with neu ...	2002	12478002
chemical sympathectomy increases numbers of inflammatory cells in the peritoneum early in murine listeriosis.	here, we investigated the effects of sympathectomy on systemic bacterial loads following infection with listeria monocytogenes, and on innate and specific immune responses in the peritoneum. sympathectomy decreased systemic bacterial loads, and increased the number of peritoneal leukocytes and the percentage of peritoneal macrophages three days postinfection. this suggests that sympathectomy-induced decreases systemic bacterial loads are associated with increased recruitment of inflammatory cell ...	2002	12480496
biocide use in the food industry and the disinfectant resistance of persistent strains of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli.	the aims of the project were threefold: to survey the use of disinfectants in the uk food industry; to assess the product and environmental microflora of selected food factories for the persistence of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli; and to determine the disinfectant resistance of any persistent strains.	2002	12481836
optimization of a culture technique for the isolation of listeria monocytogenes from faecal samples.	a culture technique employing cold enrichment at 4 degrees c followed by selective enrichment and plating at higher temperatures (30 degrees c) was used to isolate listeria monocytogenes from faecal samples. the samples were held at 4 degrees c for 15 weeks and cultured weekly to assess the sensitivity of the culture after cold storage for different lengths of time. no media, listeria selective enrichment broth (lseb), nutrient broth (nb) and saline were used as cold storage medium. cold storage ...	2002	12485361
regulatory cd4+cd25+ t cells restrict memory cd8+ t cell responses.	cd4+ t cell help is important for the generation of cd8+ t cell responses. we used depleting anti-cd4 mab to analyze the role of cd4+ t cells for memory cd8+ t cell responses after secondary infection of mice with the intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes, or after boost immunization by specific peptide or dna vaccination. surprisingly, anti-cd4 mab treatment during secondary cd8+ t cell responses markedly enlarged the population size of antigen-specific cd8+ t cells. after boost immuni ...	2002	12486101
listeria monocytogenes phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c: activation and allostery.	the animal and human pathogen listeria monocytogenes secretes several virulence factors, including a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc). sufficient quantities of l. monocytogenes pi-plc for biophysical studies were obtained by overexpression of the enzyme in escherichia coli. the purified pi-plc was examined in enzyme kinetics experiments using a new fluorogenic substrate, methyl-flip. methyl-flip is a water-soluble monomeric substrate cleaved in a manner similar to the natur ...	2002	12488013
tissue-level regulation of th1 and th2 primary and memory cd4 t cells in response to listeria infection.	ag-specific th1 and th2 cytokine-producing cd4 t cells were quantitated in secondary lymphoid and tertiary tissues following oral listeria monocytogenes infection. although the response to listeria was previously believed to be predominantly th1 like, cd4 t cells producing il-4 or il-5 comprised a substantial proportion of the overall primary and memory response. the frequency of ifn-gamma-, il-4-, or il-5-producing primary effector or memory cd4 t cells was significantly higher in lung, liver, ...	2002	11970995
mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2-deficient mice show increased susceptibility to listeria monocytogenes infection.	mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (mk2) is one of several kinases activated through direct phosphorylation by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. mk2 regulates lps-induced tnf mrna translation, and targeted mutation of the mk2 gene renders mice more resistant to d-galactosamine plus lps-induced liver damage. in the present study, we investigated the role of mk2 in immune defense against listeria monocytogenes infection. mk2-deficient mice displayed diminished resistan ...	2002	11971016
mip-1alpha, mip-1beta, rantes, and atac/lymphotactin function together with ifn-gamma as type 1 cytokines.	we analyzed for the first time the expression of chemokines in subpopulations of the murine immune system at the single-cell level. we demonstrate in vitro and in a model of murine listeriosis that macrophage inflammatory protein (mip)-1alpha, mip-1beta, regulated on activation normal t cell expressed and secreted (rantes), and activation-induced, t cell-derived, and chemokine-related cytokine (atac)/lymphotactin are cosecreted to a high degree with ifn-gamma by activated individual natural kill ...	2002	11972057
t-cell activation, proliferation and apoptosis in primary listeria monocytogenes infection.	listeria monocytogenes infection of mice leads to a rapid expansion of activated t cells, followed by a decline in specific cells once the bacteria are eliminated. in order to define the relationship between t-cell proliferation and activation, and to investigate the role of apoptosis in limiting the expansion, the expression of activation markers, uptake of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (brdu) in vivo and the incidence of apoptosis was investigated. increased numbers of t cells expressing the activat ...	2002	11972636
autolytic phenotype of lactococcus lactis strains isolated from traditional tunisian dairy products.	to evaluate the autolytic properties of lactococcus lactis strains isolated from artisan tunisian dairy products, their peptidoglycan hydrolase content and their activity spectrum.	2002	11972683
c-terminal domains of listeria monocytogenes bacteriophage murein hydrolases determine specific recognition and high-affinity binding to bacterial cell wall carbohydrates.	listeria monocytogenes phage endolysins ply118 and ply500 share a unique enzymatic activity and specifically hydrolyse listeria cells at the completion of virus multiplication in order to release progeny phage. with the aim of determining the molecular basis for the lytic specificity of these enzymes, we have elucidated their domain structure and examined the function of their unrelated and unique c-terminal cell wall binding domains (cbds). analysis of deletion mutants showed that both domains ...	2002	11972774
surface proteins and the pathogenic potential of listeria monocytogenes.	on the basis of the recently determined genome sequence of listeria monocytogenes, we performed a global analysis of the surface-protein-encoding genes. only proteins displaying a signal peptide were taken into account. forty-one genes encoding lpxtg proteins, including the previously known internalin gene family, were detected. several genes encoding proteins that, like inlb and ami, possess gw modules that attach them to lipoteichoic acids were also identified. additionally, the completed geno ...	2002	11973158
identification of a salt-induced primary transporter for glycine betaine in the methanogen methanosarcina mazei gö1.	the salt adaptation of the methanogenic archaeon methanosarcina mazei gö1 was studied at the physiological and molecular levels. the freshwater organism m. mazei gö1 was able to adapt to salt concentrations up to 1 m, and the addition of the compatible solute glycine betaine to the growth medium facilitated adaptation to higher salt concentrations. transport studies with cell suspensions revealed a salt-induced glycine betaine uptake activity in m. mazei gö1, and inhibitor studies argue for a pr ...	2002	11976081
role of acetate in production of an autoinducible class iia bacteriocin in carnobacterium piscicola a9b.	carnobacterium piscicola strain a9b isolated from cold smoked salmon inhibits growth of the food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes partly due to the production of a proteinaceous compound (l. nilsson, l. gram, and h. h. huss. j. food prot. 62:336-342, 1999). the purpose of the present study was to purify the compound and describe factors affecting its production, with particular emphasis on food-relevant factors. amino acid sequencing showed that the compound is a class iia bacteriocin with ...	2002	11976095
bets is a major glycine betaine/proline betaine transporter required for early osmotic adjustment in sinorhizobium meliloti.	hybridization to a pcr product derived from conserved betaine choline carnitine transporter (bcct) sequences led to the identification of a 3.4-kb sinorhizobium meliloti dna segment encoding a protein (bets) that displays significant sequence identities to the choline transporter bett of escherichia coli (34%) and to the glycine betaine transporter opud of bacillus subtilis (30%). although the bets protein shows a common structure with bcct systems, it possesses an unusually long hydrophilic c-t ...	2002	11976294
engineered listeria monocytogenes as an aids vaccine.	listeria monocytogenes (lm) is an attractive vector to elicit t cell immunity because it infects antigen-presenting cells and because infection originates at the mucosa. lm expressing hiv gag elicits sustained high levels of gag-specific ctl in mice. since lm causes disease in immunocompromised hosts, a highly attenuated strain of lm that requires d-ala for viability was produced. attenuated bacteria expressing hiv-1 gag (lmdd-gag) are as efficient as wild-type recombinants at stimulating gag-sp ...	2002	11983264
monoassociation of scid mice with helicobacter muridarum, but not four other enterics, provokes ibd upon receipt of t cells.	recently, a number of animal models for different aspects of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) have been developed. the aim of this study was to use one of these to determine whether particular, ostensibly innocuous, intestinal bacteria could provoke or exacerbate ibd.	2002	11984521
lung dendritic cells are primed by inhaled particulate antigens, and retain mhc class ii/antigenic peptide complexes in hilar lymph nodes for a prolonged period of time.	intratracheal (it) administration of heat-killed listeria monocytogenes (hkl) results in an influx of macrophage and dendritic cell (dc) precursors into the lung interstitium. low-density, fcr+, interstitial lung cells isolated from rats instilled 24 hr before with hkl or vehicle alone, were > 90% mar1+. after culturing with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) for 3 days, up to 24% of the loosely adherent cells were dc that stimulated allogeneic t-cell proliferation in an m ...	2002	11985669
targeted gene transfer to liver using protein-dna complexes.		2002	11987775
evaluation of two commercial methods for the detection of listeria sp. and listeria monocytogenes in a chicken nugget processing plant.	this study measures the detection performances of two rapid test systems (listeria rapid test clearview and bax system) for the screening of listeria sp. and listeria monocytogenes, respectively. a total of 413 samples from different sources (product from (i) different stages of processing, (ii) different environments, and (iii) different food handlers), collected from a chicken nugget processing plant, were analysed by both rapid methods and a cultural method consisting of pre-enrichment, enric ...	2002	11989773
method extension study to validate applicability of aoac official method 996.14 assurance polyclonal enzyme immunoassay for detection of listeria monocytogenes and related listeria spp. from environmental surfaces: collaborative study.	test portions from 3 environmental surface types, representative of typical surfaces found in a food production facility, were analyzed by the assurance listeria polyclonal enzyme immunoassay (eia) and the u.s. department of agriculture/food safety and inspection service (usda/fsis) culture method for listeria monocytogenes and related listeria species. in all cases, naturally contaminated environmental test samples were collected from an actual food production facility by sponge or swab. test s ...	2002	11990033
method extension study to validate applicability of aoac official method 997.03 visual immunoprecipitate assay (vip) for listeria monocytogenes and related listeria spp. from environmental surfaces: collaborative study.	test portions from 3 environmental surface types, representative of typical surfaces found in a food production facility, were analyzed by the visual immunoprecipitate assay (vip) and the u.s. department of agriculture/food safety and inspection service (usda/fsis) culture method for listeria monocytogenes and related listeria species. in all cases, naturally contaminated environmental test samples were collected from an actual food production facility by sponge or swab. test samples from concre ...	2002	11990034
detection and isolation of listeria monocytogenes from food samples: implications of sublethal injury.	detection of l. monocytogenes is often limited by the performance of the enrichment media used to support bacterial growth to detectable levels. because listeria may exist at extremely low levels in foods, sample enrichment protocols must amplify these low initial populations to detectable limits. listeria may also exist in an injured state in food products as a result of processing treatments such as heating, freezing, exposure to acids, or exposure to sanitizing compounds. selective agents in ...	2002	11990037
optimized, one-step, recovery-enrichment broth for enhanced detection of listeria monocytogenes in pasteurized milk and hot dogs.	a one-step, recovery-enrichment broth, optimized penn state university (opsu) broth, was developed to consistently detect low levels of injured and uninjured listeria monocytogenes cells in ready-to-eat foods. the opsu broth contains special selective agents that inhibit growth of background flora without inhibiting recovery of injured listeria cells. after recovery in the anaerobic section of opsu broth, listeria cells migrated to the surface, forming a black zone. this migration separated viab ...	2002	11990038
polymerase chain reaction-based methods for detection of listeria monocytogenes: toward real-time screening for food and environmental samples.	a review is presented of nucleic acid amplification-based methodology, specifically polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assays, for the detection of listeria monocytogenes in food and environmental samples. until recently, developmental challenges including poor sensitivity, due in part to reaction inhibition by components of the sample matrix, and the potential for false-positive reactions have limited routine application of pcr-based screening assays. commercial assays address these challeng ...	2002	11990039
virulence testing of listeria monocytogenes.	a major problem in understanding foodborne listeriosis from both the basic science and regulatory perspectives revolves around the role played by virulence factors of listeria monocytogenes and how these interact with host susceptibility to result in the observed incidence of disease. from a mechanistic perspective, this problem has been well investigated, and many virulence components of l. monocytogenes have been discovered. deletion of these genes results in large reductions in virulence func ...	2002	11990040
molecular subtyping methods for listeria monocytogenes.	conventional, phenotypic, and dna-based subtyping methods allow differentiation of listeria monocytogenes beyond the species and subspecies level. bacterial subtyping methods not only improve our ability to detect and track human listeriosis outbreaks, but also provide tools to track sources of l. monocytogenes contamination throughout the food system. the use of subtyping methods also provides an opportunity to better understand the population genetics, epidemiology, and ecology of l. monocytog ...	2002	11990041
identification and characterization of genes encoding sex pheromone cam373 activity in enterococcus faecalis and staphylococcus aureus.	the sex pheromone cam373 of enterococcus faecalis and the related staph-cam373 of staphylococcus aureus were found to correspond to heptapeptides located within the c-termini of the signal sequences of putative prelipoproteins. the deduced mature forms of the lipoproteins share no detectable homology and presumably serve unrelated functions in the cells. the chromosomally encoded genetic determinants for production of the pheromones have been identified and designated came (encoding cam373) and ...	2002	11994160
a hypermutator phenotype attenuates the virulence of listeria monocytogenes in a mouse model.	the integrity of the genetic material of bacteria is guaranteed by a set of distinct repair mechanisms. the participation of these repair systems in bacterial pathogenicity has been addressed only recently. here, we study for the first time the participation in virulence of the mutsl mismatch repair system of listeria monocytogenes. the muts and mutl genes, which are contiguous in the l. monocytogenes chromosome, were identified after in silico analysis. the deduced muts shares 62% identity with ...	2002	11994166
[listeria monocytogenes and ulcerative colitis].		2002	11996775
elevated carnitine accumulation by listeria monocytogenes impaired in glycine betaine transport is insufficient to restore wild-type cryotolerance in milk whey.	listeria monocytogenes accumulates low molecular weight compounds (osmolytes, or compatible solutes) in response to chill stress. this response has been shown to be responsible, in part, for the chill tolerance of the species. among the osmolytes tested to date, glycine betaine, gamma-butyrobetaine and carnitine display the strongest cryoprotective effect. these osmolytes are not synthesized in the cell and must be transported from the medium. in this study, the compatible solute accumulation pr ...	2002	11999105
microbiological analysis of seed sprouts in norway.	as part of larger survey of microbial contamination of fruits and vegetables in norway, four different sprouted seed products were analysed for bacterial and parasitic contaminants (n = 300 for bacterial analyses and n = from 17 to 171 for parasite analyses, depending on parasite). escherichia coli o157, salmonella, listeria monocytogenes, cyclospora oocysts, ascaris eggs and other helminth parasites were not detected in any of the sprout samples. thermotolerant coliform bacteria (tcb) were isol ...	2002	11999108
responses of listeria monocytogenes to acid stress and glucose availability monitored by measurements of intracellular ph and viable counts.	physiological aspects of the response of listeria monocytogenes to acidic conditions and effect of glucose availability were studied by fluorescence ratio-imaging microscopy (frim) as compared with traditional viable counts. three types of experiments were conducted: (i) static with measurements of intracellular ph (phi) at extracellular ph (pho) values ranging from ph 3.0 to 6.0 at 0.5 ph unit intervals; (ii) kinetic with monitoring of bacterial responses to changes in the pho from the value of ...	2002	11999120
biocide use in the food industry and the disinfectant resistance of persistent strains of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli.	the aims of the project were threefold: to survey the use of disinfectants in the uk food industry; to assess the product and environmental microflora of selected food factories for the persistence of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli; and to determine the disinfectant resistance of any persistent strains.	2002	12000620
factors affecting the adsorption of buchnericin lb, a bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus [correction of lactocobacillus] buchneri.	buchnericin-lb adsorbs to gram-positive but not to gram-negative bacteria. the tested gram-positive bacteria were species of lactobacillus, pediococcus, leuconostoc, enterococcus, lactococcus, listeria, bacillus, staphylococcus; gram-negative bacteria belonged to the genera salmonella, escherichia, yersinia and pseudomonas. buchnericin-lb adsorption depended on ph but not on time and temperature. also some anions of salts and lipoteichoic acid reduced or inhibited its adsorption. treatment of ce ...	2002	12002398
experimental mixed infection of rabbits with yersinia enterocolitica and listeria monocytogenes.	experimental mixed infection was reproduced in rabbits after per os infection with yersinia enterocolitica serotype 0:3 cells. four days later some of animals were re-infected orally with listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b cells. a third group of healthy rabbits was also infected per os with listeria monocytogenes. the infectious process was followed dynamically from days 1-28. the experimental animals were examined for clinical, paraclinical and morphological findings. augmentation of body temp ...	2002	12002426
listeriolysin o-liposome-mediated cytosolic delivery of macromolecule antigen in vivo: enhancement of antigen-specific cytotoxic t lymphocyte frequency, activity, and tumor protection.	cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) are primed by peptide antigens that are endogenously processed in the cytosol and presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex i (mhc i) molecules of antigen-presenting cells (apcs). exogenous soluble protein antigens do not gain efficient entry into the cytosol of apcs, and therefore requires a special cytosolic delivery method. we have developed such a delivery strategy adopting the well-elucidated cytosol-invading listerial endosomal escape mecha ...	2002	12007619
inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in listeric encephalitis: a cross-species study in ruminants.	listeria monocytogenes (lm) is a gram-positive facultative intracellular bacterium that causes fatal meningoencephalitis in humans and ruminants. a current paradigm predicts that intracellular bacteria are controlled by nitric oxide (no) whose synthesis is catalyzed by inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos). the ability of macrophages (mphi) to express inos shows extreme interspecies variability. here the expression of inos and synthesis of no was studied in listeric encephalitis of cattle, shee ...	2002	12009057
listeria monocytogenes: a model system to study invasion and spread of bacteria in the central nervous system.		2002	12014191
the dynamics of actin-based motility depend on surface parameters.	in cells, actin polymerization at the plasma membrane is induced by the recruitment of proteins such as the arp2/3 complex, and the zyxin/vasp complex. the physical mechanism of force generation by actin polymerization has been described theoretically using various approaches, but lacks support from experimental data. by the use of reconstituted motility medium, we find that the wiskott aldrich syndrome protein (wasp) subdomain, known as vca, is sufficient to induce actin polymerization and move ...	2002	12015607
[dealing with microbes].		2002	12018150
swift and definite serotyping for isolated listeria monocytogenes strains.	the serotype is most important for molecular epidemiological analysis of listeria monocytogenes (l.m.) contaminating marketed meats. an improvement on the traditional method was thus attempted in the present study because of the requirement of swift and definite serotyping. in the determination of o-antigen, definite judgement was allowed by an immediate cooling at 80 degrees c after autoclaving the bacteria. in the determination of h-antigen, use of a culture plate without craigie's tube yielde ...	2002	12019722
effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, and interleukin-4 on bacteria-enterocyte interactions.	little is known about the mechanisms involved in bacterial translocation from the intestinal lumen to extraintestinal sites. because the cytokine cascade associated with sepsis, inflammation, and trauma has been shown to affect intestinal epithelial permeability, experiments were designed to clarify the effects of selected cytokines on bacterial adherence to and internalization by cultured ht-29 and caco-2 enterocytes.	2002	12020125
comparison of protein patterns of listeria monocytogenes grown in biofilm or in planktonic mode by proteomic analysis.	the proteome of a listeria monocytogenes strain isolated from a food plant was investigated to study the differential protein pattern expressed by biofilms and planktonic bacteria. the approach used in this study was a combination of two-dimensional electrophoresis, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight and database searches for the protein identification. thirty-one proteins varied significantly between the two growth conditions. twenty-two and nine proteins were up- and do ...	2002	12023073
multiple mechanisms compensate to enhance tumor-protective cd8(+) t cell response in the long-term despite poor cd8(+) t cell priming initially: comparison between an acute versus a chronic intracellular bacterium expressing a model antigen.	we evaluated cd8(+) t cell responses against the dominant ctl epitope, ova(257-264), expressed by an acute (listeria monocytogenes (lm) ova) vs a chronic pathogen (mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) ova) to reveal the influence on cd8(+) t cell memory and consequent protection against a challenge with ova-expressing tumor cells. infection with lower doses of both pathogens resulted in stronger bacterial growth but weaker t cell memory indicating that memory correlates with pathog ...	2002	12023374
listeriolysin o secreted by listeria monocytogenes induces nf-kappab signalling by activating the ikappab kinase complex.	listeriolysin o (llo) is a pore-forming cytolysin secreted by the pathogen listeria monocytogenes and is required for its intracellular survival. we recently demonstrated that in endothelial cells, llo activates the nf-kappab signalling pathway. in this work, we studied the llo-induced molecular cascade of nf-kappab activation with a cellular model extensively used to analyse the signalling pathway of nf-kappab activation, i.e. the human embryonic kidney hek-293 cell line and its derivatives (tr ...	2002	12028384
application of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the simultaneous confirmation of listeria monocytogenes and other listeria species in turkey sample surveillance.	a multiplex polymerase chain reaction was developed to simultaneously identify listeria monocytogenes and species of the genus listeria. two sets of primers were used, with the first amplifying a 938-bp region of the 16s rrna gene that is highly conserved in all listeria species and the second amplifying a 174-bp region of the listeriolysin (hlya) gene of l. monocytogenes. thus, isolates of listeria spp. yield a single 938-bp product, whereas l. monocytogenes isolates yield both the 938-bp produ ...	2002	12030288
comparison of the cell surface properties and growth characteristics of listeria monocytogenes and listeria innocua.	growth kinetics and physicochemical surface properties were compared for three listeria strains with differing degrees of virulence: l. monocytogenes lo28; its isogenic, nonhemolytic mutant l. monocytogenes bof415; and a nonvirulent species, l. innocua (strain lin9). the influences of growth stage (mid-exponential phase, early stationary phase, and mid-stationary phase) and culture temperature (20 and 37 degrees c) were assessed by determining the electrical properties and the hydrophobic-hydrop ...	2002	12030289
effect of selected generally recognized as safe preservative sprays on growth of listeria monocytogenes on chicken luncheon meat.	the ability of selected generally recognized as safe (gras) chemical preservatives to reduce populations or inhibit growth of listeria monocytogenes on chicken luncheon meat was evaluated. slices of luncheon meat were treated by evenly spraying onto their surfaces 0.2 ml of a solution of one of four preservatives (sodium benzoate, sodium propionate, potassium sorbate, and sodium diacetate) at one of three different concentrations (15, 20, or 25% [wt/vol]). each slice was then surface inoculated ...	2002	12030290
behavior of listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus in yogurt fermented with a bacteriocin-producing thermophilic starter.	streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus b producing a bacteriocin active against listeria monocytogenes atcc 7644 and staphylococcus aureus sad 30 was isolated from bakery yeast. the bacteriocin was partially purified by an adsorption/desorption technique, and its spectrum of action was compared to that of a neutralized cell-free supernatant (cfs). although the cfs inhibited a number of gram-positive and -negative bacteria of health and spoilage significance, the spectrum of action of the p ...	2002	12030291
influence of poultry carcass skin sample site on the effectiveness of trisodium phosphate against listeria monocytogenes.	the aim of this study was to determine the influence of skin sample site on the efficacy of trisodium phosphate (tsp) solutions in reducing listeria monocytogenes populations on chicken carcasses during refrigerated storage. chicken skin samples from the legs, the breasts, and the dorsal area inoculated with l. monocytogenes (10(8) cfu/ml) were dipped for 15 min in sterile tap water (control) or in 8, 10, or 12% tsp. l. monocytogenes counts and surface ph values were determined after 0, 1, 3, an ...	2002	12030300
the icest1 element of streptococcus thermophilus belongs to a large family of integrative and conjugative elements that exchange modules and change their specificity of integration.	the 34,734-bp element icest1 from streptococcus thermophilus cnrz368 is site-specifically integrated into the 3(') end of the gene fda. icest1 encodes integrative functions and putative transfer functions. six proteins of the putative conjugative system of icest1 are related to those encoded by the conjugative transposon tn916 from enterococcus faecalis. a comparison of these proteins with those encoded by the complete or partial genome sequences of various low g+c bacteria including bacillus su ...	2002	12383726
nod/scid/gamma(c)(null) mouse: an excellent recipient mouse model for engraftment of human cells.	to establish a more appropriate animal recipient for xenotransplantation, nod/scid/gamma(c)(null) mice double homozygous for the severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mutation and interleukin-2rgamma (il-2rgamma) allelic mutation (gamma(c)(null)) were generated by 8 backcross matings of c57bl/6j-gamma(c)(null) mice and nod/shi-scid mice. when human cd34+ cells from umbilical cord blood were transplanted into this strain, the engraftment rate in the peripheral circulation, spleen, and bone marr ...	2002	12384415
residual oil fly ash increases the susceptibility to infection and severely damages the lungs after pulmonary challenge with a bacterial pathogen.	inhalation of residual oil fly ash (rofa), a component of ambient particulate matter, has been shown to increase pulmonary morbidity and impair lung defense mechanisms in exposed workers. our objective was to evaluate the effect of rofa preexposure on lung defense and injury after pulmonary challenge with a bacterial pathogen. male sprague-dawley rats were dosed intratracheally at day 0 with saline (control) or rofa (0.2 or 1 mg/100 g body weight). three days later, a low (5 x 10(3)) or high (5 ...	2002	12388840
listeria infection during pregnancy: a 10 year experience.	although listeria monocytogenes is widely distributed in nature, it rarely causes clinical infection in previously healthy people. this microorganism, however, may cause severe invasive disease in pregnant women and newborns.	2002	12389339
series of incidents of listeria monocytogenes non-invasive febrile gastroenteritis involving ready-to-eat meats.	a series of cases and outbreaks of febrile noninvasive gastrointestinal disease involving 31 identified cases was investigated in terms of the numbers and types of listeria monocytogenes present in the suspect foods (ready-to-eat meats) and clinical samples from cases.	2002	12390491
inactivation of the f4/80 glycoprotein in the mouse germ line.	macrophages play a crucial role in the defense against pathogens. distinct macrophage populations can be defined by the expression of restricted cell surface proteins. resident tissue macrophages, encompassing kupffer cells of the liver and red pulp macrophages of the spleen, characteristically express the f4/80 molecule, a cell surface glycoprotein related to the seven transmembrane-spanning family of hormone receptors. in this study, gene targeting was used to simultaneously inactivate the f4/ ...	2002	12391169
quantitation of cd8+ t cell expansion, memory, and protective immunity after immunization with peptide-coated dendritic cells.	dendritic cells (dcs) are potent apcs for naive cd8(+) t cells and are being investigated as vaccine delivery vehicles. in this study, we examine the cd8(+) t cell response to defined peptides from listeria monocytogenes (lm), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and murine cmv coated singly and in combination onto mature bone marrow-derived dcs (bmdcs). we show that immunization of mice with 2 x 10(5) mature bmdcs coated with multiple mhc class i peptides generates a significant ag-specific cd8( ...	2002	12391206
perforin-mediated ctl cytolysis counteracts direct cell-cell spread of listeria monocytogenes.	the immune system has evolved various effector cells and functions to combat diverse infectious agents equipped with different virulence strategies. cd8 t cells play a critical role in protective immunity to listeria monocytogenes (lm), a bacterium that grows within the host cell cytosol and spreads directly into neighboring cells. the importance of cd8 t cells during lm infection is currently attributed to the cytosolic niche of this organism, which allows it to evade many aspects of immune sur ...	2002	12391238
antibacterial activity of pepsin-digested lactoferrin on foodborne pathogens in buffered broth systems and ultra-high temperature milk with edta.	to evaluate the antimicrobial activity in peptone yeast extract glucose (pyg) broth and ultra-high temperature (uht) milk of bovine lactoferrin hydrolysate (lfh) with pepsin against the foodborne pathogens salmonella stanley, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus.	2002	12392532
interaction of human hematopoietic stem cells with bacterial pathogens.	primitive hematopoietic stem cells (hscs) in the bone marrow are rare pluripotent cells with the capacity to give rise to all lineages of blood cells. during commitment, progenitor cells are composed mainly of cells with the potential for differentiation into 1 or 2 lineages. this commitment involves the acquisition of specific growth factor receptors and the loss of others. viral and bacterial infections may lead to profound disturbance of hematopoiesis, which is possibly due to different susce ...	2002	12393678
a proteomic analysis of the salt stress response of listeria monocytogenes.	protein variations in listeria monocytogenes were analyzed by 2-d electrophoresis. bacteria were grown either in a rich medium or in a chemically defined medium. three proteins, which are more expressed in the chemically defined medium than in the rich medium, were identified by mass spectrometry. they are closely related to appa, ctc and yvyd. after an osmotic shock, according to the medium and the nacl concentration, the synthesis rate (p<0.05) of 59 proteins is altered by salinity. half of th ...	2002	12399033
effects of pregnancy-associated listeria monocytogenes infection: necrotizing hepatitis due to impaired maternal immune response and significantly increased abortion rate.	the impact of l. monocytogenes infection on maternal immune responses as well as on the outcome of pregnancy was studied in a murine model of pregnancy-associated listeriosis. mice infected i.v. with l. monocytogenes at day 15 of pregnancy showed a significantly impaired bacterial elimination, which resulted in a severe necrotizing hemorrhagic hepatitis. the aggravated course of the infection could be attributed to a suppressed transcription and production of anti-listerial, pro-inflammatory cyt ...	2002	12404062
critical role of the n-terminal residues of listeriolysin o in phagosomal escape and virulence of listeria monocytogenes.	a putative pest sequence was recently identified close to the n-terminus of listeriolysin o (llo), a major virulence factor secreted by the pathogenic listeria monocytogenes. the deletion of this motif did not affect the secretion and haemolytic activity of llo, but abolished bacterial virulence. here, we first tested whether the replacement of the pest motif of llo by two different sequences, with either a very high or no pest score, would affect phagosomal escape, protein stability and, ultima ...	2002	12406215
membranes of class iia bacteriocin-resistant listeria monocytogenes cells contain increased levels of desaturated and short-acyl-chain phosphatidylglycerols.	a major concern in the use of class iia bacteriocins as food preservatives is the well-documented resistance development in target listeria strains. we studied the relationship between leucocin a, a class iia bacteriocin, and the composition of the major phospholipid, phosphatidylglycerol (pg), in membranes of both sensitive and resistant l. monocytogenes strains. two wild-type strains, l. monocytogenes b73 and 412, two spontaneous mutants of l. monocytogenes b73 with intermediate resistance to ...	2002	12406708
postadaptational resistance to benzalkonium chloride and subsequent physicochemical modifications of listeria monocytogenes.	many studies have demonstrated that bacteria, including listeria monocytogenes, are capable of adapting to disinfectants used in industrial settings after prolonged exposure to sublethal concentrations. however, the consequent alterations of the cell surface due to sanitizer adaptation of this pathogen are not fully understood. two resistant and four sensitive l. monocytogenes strains from different sources were progressively subcultured with increasing sublethal concentrations of a surfactant, ...	2002	12406712
gbu glycine betaine porter and carnitine uptake in osmotically stressed listeria monocytogenes cells.	the food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes grows actively under high-salt conditions by accumulating compatible solutes such as glycine betaine and carnitine from the medium. we report here that the dominant transport system for glycine betaine uptake, the gbu porter, may act as a secondary uptake system for carnitine, with a k(m) of 4 mm for carnitine uptake and measurable uptake at carnitine concentrations as low as 10 microm. this porter has a k(m) for glycine betaine uptake of about 6 mi ...	2002	12406761
in vitro and in vivo invasiveness of different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types of listeria monocytogenes.	the virulence of different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) types of listeria monocytogenes was examined by monitoring their ability to invade caco-2 cells. strains belonging to seven different pfge types originating from both foods and humans were included. no significant differences in invasiveness were detected between strains isolated from humans and those isolated from food. strains belonging to pfge type 1 expressed a significantly lower ability to invade cells compared to strains b ...	2002	12406767
a regulatory role for suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 in t(h) polarization in vivo.	suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs)-1 is an inhibitory molecule for jak, and its deficiency in mice leads to lymphocyte-dependent multi-organ disease and perinatal death. crossing of socs-1(-/-) mice on an ifn-gamma(-/-), stat1(-/-) and stat6(-/-) background revealed that the fatal disease of socs-1(-/-) mice is also dependent on ifn-gamma/stat1 and il-4/stat6 signaling pathways. since ifn-gamma and il-4 are representative t(h)1 and t(h)2 cytokines respectively, here we investigated the role ...	2002	12407025
multimethod assessment of commercial nisin preparations.	nisin is a gras preservative effective against several gram-positive organisms including listeria monocytogenes. commercial preparations are usually fermentation products containing 2.5% pure nisin along with insoluble material which, in this study, was found to influence the quantification and activity of nisin under different conditions. commercially available samples of nisin were tested for efficacy using various methods, such as well diffusion, time to turbidity, and gus (where a reporter c ...	2002	12407455
measuring the immeasurable.	many bacterial pathogens turn on virulence genes at host body temperature. in the september 6, 2002, issue of cell, johansson et al. show that the listeria monocytogenes thermosensor is an rna structure in the 5' untranslated region of the mrna for the virulence-activating transcription factor prfa. the stem-loop structure blocks translation initiation at 30 degrees c but melts away at 37 degrees c.	2002	12408812
gw domains of the listeria monocytogenes invasion protein inlb are sh3-like and mediate binding to host ligands.	inlb, a surface-localized protein of listeria monocytogenes, induces phagocytosis in non-phagocytic mammalian cells by activating met, a receptor tyrosine kinase. inlb also binds glycosaminoglycans and the protein gc1q-r, two additional host ligands implicated in invasion. we present the structure of inlb, revealing a highly elongated molecule with leucine-rich repeats that bind met at one end, and gw domains that dissociably bind the bacterial surface at the other. surprisingly, the gw domains ...	2002	12411480
immune response overview.	a short synopsis of the history of identification of the protective cellular immune response to brucella is given along with indication of the current major research focuses in this area. finally, critical areas of research for the future are suggested.	2002	12414156
compromised peripheral immunity of mice injected intrastriatally with six-hydroxydopamine.	intracisternal or intracerebroventricular administration of six-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda), which results in decreased norepinephrine (ne) and dopamine (da) levels throughout the brain, causes impaired peripheral immunity. however, in vivo immunocompetence following selective striatal depletion of da by 6-ohda has not been investigated. thus, we sought to determine whether striatal da depletion compromises host resistance to listeria monocytogenes (lm) and impairs the immune response to keyhole li ...	2002	12417443
alteration of pulmonary immunity to listeria monocytogenes by diesel exhaust particles (deps). i. effects of deps on early pulmonary responses.	it has been hypothesized that diesel exhaust particles (deps) aggravate pulmonary bacterial infection by both innate and cell-mediated immune mechanisms. to test this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of dep exposure on the functions of alveolar macrophages (ams) and lymphocytes from lung-draining lymph nodes using a rat listeria monocytogenes infection model. in the present study, we focused on the effects of dep exposure on am functions, including phagocytic activity and secretion of pro ...	2002	12417481
bacterial growth in the cytosol: lessons from listeria.		2002	12419611
amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis of listeria monocytogenes.	an agarose gel based single enzyme aflp method using ecor1 digestion of listeria monocytogenes dna was developed for epidemiological typing. the method was evaluated with 84 l. monocytogenes cultures, and results were compared with those obtained with serotyping, phage-typing and cadmium and arsenic resistance typing. the aflp method was reproducible and 14 different banding patterns comprising between five and eight dna fragments were produced. all except two of the aflp patterns were serorype ...	2002	12421084
genetically-modified-animal models for human infections: the listeria paradigm.	several human pathogens exhibit a restricted host-tropism, relying on the species-specific interaction of microbial ligand(s) with host receptor(s). this specificity accounts for some of the difficulties in modeling human infections in animals. the discovery of l. monocytogenes host-specificity and elucidation of the underlying mechanism has led to the generation of transgenic mice expressing one of its human receptors, e-cadherin. this model is presented here as a paradigm of a genetically-modi ...	2002	12421688
nonsecreted bacterial proteins induce recall cd8 t cell responses but do not serve as protective antigens.	secreted or nonsecreted ag expressed by recombinant listeria monocytogenes can prime cd8 t cells. however, ag-specific memory cd8 t cells confer protection against bacteria secreting ag, but not against bacteria expressing the nonsecreted form of the same ag. this dichotomy may be explained by a long-standing hypothesis that nonsecreted ags are less effective than secreted ags at inducing a protective immune response at the onset of infection. we tested this hypothesis by examining whether these ...	2002	12421961
inducible costimulator protein controls the protective t cell response against listeria monocytogenes.	the inducible costimulator protein (icos) was recently identified as a costimulatory molecule for t cells. here we analyze the role of icos for the acquired immune response of mice against the intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes. during oral l. monocytogenes infection, low levels of icos expression were detected by extracellular and intracellular ab staining of listeria-specific cd4(+) and cd8(+) t cells. blocking of icos signaling with a soluble icos-ig fusion protein markedly impair ...	2002	12421962
endosomal/lysosomal targeting of a single helper t-cell epitope of an intracellular bacterium by dna immunisation induces a specific t-cell subset and partial protective immunity in vivo.	we evaluated here the effect of the intracellular targeting of a helper t-cell (th) epitope, literiolysin o 215-226 derived from listeria monocytogenes, on induction of a specific th by gene gun immunisation. immunisation of c3h/he mice with pe215lamp plasmid encoding the th epitope fused with the endosomal/lysosomal targeting signal of lysosome-associated membrane protein (lamp)-1 gave the epitope-specific proliferative responses of cd4(+) t lymphocytes. in addition, specific interferon-gamma p ...	2002	12423758
quality improvement of kosher chilled poultry.	pathogens like listeria monocytogenes are of great concern in the poultry industry. poultry, which are subjected to the kosher slaughtering and koshering process, may introduce even higher risks than conventially slaughtered poultry due to the potential for microbial cross-contamination at several critical points in the koshering line, particularly in the chillers. the effect of microgard (mic) and nisin (nis) on reducing total microbial counts, inhibiting l. monocytogenes, and prolonging shelf ...	2002	12455605
bactericidal effect of gentamicin-induced membrane vesicles derived from pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 on gram-positive bacteria.	previous studies have shown that gentamicin-induced membrane vesicles (g-mvs) from pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 possess both the antibiotic (gentamicin) and a potent peptidoglycan hydrolase (pgase; autolysin) that is effective in killing gram-negative pathogens. this present study evaluated the therapeutic potential of g-mvs against four gram-positive bacteria. bactericidal assays and electron microscopy of thin sections revealed that bacillus subtilis 168 and staphylococcus aureus d2c were susce ...	2002	12455613
antimicrobial activity of a novel des-fluoro (6) quinolone, garenoxacin (bms-284756), compared to other quinolones, against clinical isolates from cancer patients.	the in vitro spectrum of a novel des-fluoro (6) quinolone, garenoxacin (bms-284756), was compared with that of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and trovafloxacin against 736 clinical isolates from cancer patients. garenoxacin was the most active agent overall against gram-positive organisms, with potent activity against aerococcus spp., micrococcus spp., rhodococcus equi, stomatococcus mucilaginous, bacillus spp., enterococcus faecalis, listeria monocytogenes, methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus ...	2002	12458127
diagnostic usefulness of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in listerial rhombencephalitis.		2002	12453092
automated measurements of antilisterial activities of lactate and diacetate in ready-to-eat meat.	standard procedures to enumerate listeria organisms rely on plating food samples on selective agar media. the procedures are labor-intensive, and because of the limited sensitivity, pre-enrichment step is required for the detection of low numbers of the pathogen. in the present study, an automated rapid optic procedure and the standard procedure were used to determine the behavior of the pathogen in ready-to-eat (rte) meat and to test the effect of antilisterial agents. listeria monocytogenes st ...	2002	11869796
[genome analysis and primer sets determination for listeria species detection and gene typing].	computer analysis of listeria genome isolates of sequences from embl, genbank, ddbj data bases has been made. variable and highly conservative (homology degree is 90-100% for all known isolates) genes loci iap and listeriolysin (cytolysin) gene locuses have been determined. primer sets for detection and differentiation of listeria species by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) were designed by computer and following thermodynamic analysis. primer sets can provide detection of listeria monocytogenes, ...	2002	12436870
outbreak of listeriosis--northeastern united states, 2002.	a multistate outbreak of listeria monocytogenes infections with 46 culture-confirmed cases, seven deaths, and three stillbirths or miscarriages in eight states has been linked to eating sliceable turkey deli meat. cases have been reported from pennsylvania (14 cases), new york (11 in new york city and seven in other locations), new jersey (five), delaware (four), maryland (two), connecticut (one), massachusetts (one), and michigan (one). culture dates ranged from july 18 to september 30, 2002; c ...	2002	12437035
typing of food-borne listeria monocytogenes by the optimized repetitive extragenic palindrome-based polymerase chain reaction.	the repetitive extragenic palindrome-based polymerase chain reaction was optimized for typing listeria monocytogenes by 1) using the qlaamp method to increase the reproducibility of dna isolation, 2) running pcr with three different dna concentrations in parallel, 3) using antibody-protected therrnostable dna polymerase to reduce non-specific priming, and 4) using an improved temperature programme to increase the amplification yield. when applied to 42 l. monocytogenes strains isolated from food ...	2002	12437224