Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| cross-subtype protection in humans during sequential, overlapping, and/or concurrent epidemics caused by h3n2 and h1n1 influenza viruses. | a total of 663 pupils at four schools were studied serologically and clinically during a period of large sequential and/or mixed epidemics of infection with two subtypes of influenza a virus, h3n2 and h1n1. of 91 middle-school pupils infected with h3n2 virus shortly before and 82 pupils not previously infected with this subtype, 59% and 91% became infected with h1n1 virus, respectively; this difference was significant. similar results were obtained at the two primary schools studied. at a high s ... | 1985 | 3965596 |
| naturally acquired immunity to influenza type a. lessons from two coexisting subtypes. | when the h1n1 subtype of influenza reappeared in the northern hemisphere during 1977, after a 20-year absence, it behaved very differently from the h3n2 subtype still in circulation. in sydney, we studied the incidence of both subtypes of laboratory-proven influenza type a in 287 unvaccinated volunteers whose serum antibody titres were measured before and after each winter, to facilitate the detection of subclinical as well as clinical infection. during a 1977 epidemic, the a/victoria/3/75 strai ... | 1985 | 3965918 |
| prophylactic amantadine dose and plasma concentration-effect relationships in healthy adults. | amantadine dose, plasma concentration, prophylactic and adverse effect relationships for prevention of influenza a virus infection in healthy young adult subjects were investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. seventy-four subjects with hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers less than or equal to 16 against an attenuated influenza a virus af9/montreal/3/72 (h3n2) were randomly allocated to groups taking 0 (placebo), 25, 100, or 150 mg amantadine syrup prophylactically twice ... | 1985 | 3967455 |
| subclass distribution and molecular form of immunoglobulin a hemagglutinin antibodies in sera and nasal secretions after experimental secondary infection with influenza a virus in humans. | serum and nasal wash specimens from 13 human volunteers undergoing experimental secondary infection with influenza a/peking/2/79 (h3n2) wild-type virus were examined for the molecular form and subclass distribution of immunoglobulin a (iga) antibodies to the viral hemagglutinin (ha). nasal iga antibodies were polymeric and did not bind radiolabeled secretory component, indicating that they were secretory iga antibodies. both iga1 and iga2 antibodies were detected; however, iga1 accounted for mos ... | 1985 | 4031039 |
| [heterogeneity of carbohydrate fragments in heavy and light chains of influenza virus a/leningrad/385/80 (h3n2) hemagglutinin]. | comparative analysis of carbohydrate chains variations in influenza virus a/leningrad/385/80 (h3n2) hemagglutinin (ha) and its heavy (ha1) and light (ha2) chains has been carried out. the carbohydrate chains of these three glycoproteins were eliminated by reductive cleavage of n-glucosaminidic linkages under libh4 - tert-buoh treatment. fractionation of the oligosaccharides thus obtained by means of gel chromatography and hplc resulted in isolation of 21 individual oligosaccharides from each gly ... | 1985 | 4038352 |
| [influenza vaccine stimulation of antibodies to different variants of influenza a virus]. | the capacity of live influenza type a (h3n2) vaccines to produce antihemagglutinins and antineuraminidase antibody to drift variants of a given serosubtype emerging later than the vaccine strain was studied. for this purpose, a wider set of antigens was used to examine retrospectively by the hi and virus elution from erythrocyte inhibition tests the paired sera from the subjects immunized in 1975 and 1976 with live vaccine virus strains similar to a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2) and a/victoria/3/75. ... | 1985 | 4049840 |
| [comparative evaluation of the therapeutic effectiveness of virazole and remantadine in patients with influenza caused by a(h3n2) and b viruses]. | therapeutic effectiveness of virazole in treatment of patients with influenza caused by a (h3n2) and b viruses (1980-1984) was demonstrated in 432 patients with the laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of influenza. provided the treatment started on the 1st day of the disease, the experimental group showed normalization of fever and regression of toxicity symptoms within shorter periods than the controls. however in treatment of patients with influenza caused by a (h3n2) virus virazole showed a less m ... | 1985 | 4049841 |
| [circulation of the influenza virus on poultry-raising farms]. | the results of examinations for immunity to influenza in chickens and the personnel handling them at the permanently observed farm are presented. antibodies mainly to the same antigenic variants of human influenza viruses were found in chicken and human blood sera. alongside with antihemagglutinins to influenza a (h3n2) virus strains, chicken in 1983-1984 were found to have antibodies to influenza b virus epidemically important in those years. thus, in poultry farms human influenza viruses are i ... | 1985 | 4049842 |
| antigenic variation of influenza a (h3n2) virus in relation to influenza epidemics in shanghai (1968-1977). | 1985 | 3922694 | |
| ganglioside gm1b as an influenza virus receptor. | receptor activity toward influenza virus a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2) of a pair of gangliosides, gm1b (neuac alpha 2-3 ga1 beta 1-3 galnac beta 1-4 gal beta 1-4 glc beta 1-1'-ceramide) and gm1a (gal beta 1-3 galnac beta 1-4 (neuac alpha 2-3) ga1 beta 1-4 glc beta 1-1'-ceramide) is described. receptor activity was monitored by an assay system including incorporation of gangliosides into chicken asialoerythrocytes which had lost the biological response for the virus, and subsequent estimation of recovery o ... | 1985 | 4060848 |
| epizootics of respiratory tract disease in swine in belgium due to h3n2 influenza virus and experimental reproduction of disease. | in belgium, influenza virus was isolated from swine in 22 epizootics of respiratory tract disease in swine during 1984. in 8 of the epizootics, h3n2 influenza virus, related to the a/port chalmers/1/73 strain, was isolated. intratracheal inoculation of the isolates induced clinical signs. it was concluded that the a/port chalmers/1/73 strain was established in the belgian swine population and was responsible for the epizootics of respiratory tract disease in swine. | 1985 | 2413789 |
| the nucleoprotein as a possible major factor in determining host specificity of influenza h3n2 viruses. | in an attempt to assess the importance of the nucleoprotein (np) in the determination of host specificity, a series of experiments was performed on influenza a viruses of the h3n2 subtype. we have examined rescue of mutants of a/fpv/rostock/34 with temperature-sensitive (ts) lesions in the nucleoprotein (np) gene by double infection of chick embryo cells with h3n2 strains isolated from different species. the ts mutants could be rescued by all avian h3n2 strains but not by any of the human h3n2 i ... | 1985 | 2416114 |
| arrest of daudi cell growth by inactive influenza virus in-vitro. | we investigated the destructive capability of three influenza a strains, victoria, pr8, and their recombinant x47, against the human lymphoma cell line daudi. both victoria and x47 strains share the same envelope glycoproteins (h3n2), while pr8, the second parental strain of x47, differs in its envelope glycoproteins (hon1). the h3n2 strains and particularly the x47 recombinant were cytotoxic to daudi cells while the hon1 strain was not. to reduce the virulence of the oncolytic viruses, we inact ... | 1985 | 2419962 |
| [isolation of the influenza virus from the tree sparrow and a study of the infectivity of this virus in wild birds of the central dnieper river area]. | an influenza virus belonging to the serovariant a/h3n2 and registered as a/sparrow/ukraine/83 was isolated from a member of synanthropic birds, a tree sparrow, near kanev. this virus showed low pathogenicity and immunologic activity in experimental infection of sparrows and other birds. sera from a number of avian and mammal species had antibodies to this virus which indicates that synanthropic and semi-synanthropic birds may be a connecting link in spread of influenza virus. | 1985 | 2420068 |
| peptide maps of t mutant of influenza virus. | peptide maps were prepared by high-voltage electrophoresis and chromatography for t 30 degrees c mutant and the original strain a port chalmers 1/73 h3n2 of influenza virus. clear differences in the distribution and number of spots between the mutant and the original strain were found. the differences are due presumably to changes in the amino-acid sequences. | 1985 | 2421538 |
| monoclonal antibodies for the rapid diagnosis of influenza a and b virus infections by immunofluorescence. | mouse monoclonal antibodies, directed against antigenic sites on influenza a and b viruses and found to be type-specific in an immunoassay, were assessed for use as diagnostic reagents in an indirect immunofluorescence assay on nasopharyngeal secretions. the influenza a antibodies were directed against nucleoprotein or matrix protein antigens and the influenza b antibodies against nucleoprotein and haemagglutinin antigens. the influenza a anti-matrix monoclonal antibody was found to give a stron ... | 1985 | 2865418 |
| location of influenza virus m, np and ns1 proteins in microinjected cells. | when microinjected as cloned dna, the nucleoprotein (np) of influenza virus a/nt/60/68 (h3n2) accumulated in the nuclei of xenopus laevis oocytes, and cultured cells of rodent and primate origin. this accumulation appeared to be specific and a property of the np itself (or conceivably np in association with unknown cellular constituents) since no other influenza virus components were present in dna-injected cells. in the oocyte nucleus, clonally derived np achieved an eightfold concentration ove ... | 1985 | 2932535 |
| morphology and antigenicity studies on reassortant influenza (h3n2) viruses for use in inactivated vaccines. | three influenza a (h3n2) reassortant whole virus vaccine strains with differing antibody-inducing capacities in hamsters were investigated morphologically and antigenically. although initial measurements of virion circumference, from electron micrographs of vaccine preparations, suggested a relationship of small virion size with low immunogenicity, subsequent immunization with, and morphological investigation of, vaccine virions separated on sucrose gradients, failed to obtain populations whose ... | 1985 | 2580887 |
| studies on the stability of t mutant of influenza virus. | the t 30 degrees c mutant of a port chalmers 1/73 (h3n2) influenza virus passaged in cotton rats was reisolated. the original mutant and the reisolated virus were compared, the following parameters being tested: na activity, ha titer, sensitivity of na and ha to proteolytic enzymes, detergents and temperature, and michaelis constant of na. no differences were found in the parameters tested, thus suggesting that features of the mutant remained stable after passage in the susceptible animal organi ... | 1985 | 2579526 |
| prevalence of hong kong (h3n2) influenza virus-antibody in swine. | 1985 | 2995716 | |
| detection of type a and b influenza viruses in clinical materials by immunoelectronmicroscopy. | direct immunoelectronmicroscopy (iem) was used for detecting influenza subtype a(h1n1), a(h3n2) and type b viruses in nasopharyngeal washings or swabs collected during three consecutive periods of enhanced influenza incidence. virus identification was performed with immune rat sera and in the case of the a(h3n2) subtype also with convalescent human sera. in all the materials examined influenza virus was demonstrated by isolation in chick embryos or by immunofluorescence in infected tissue cultur ... | 1985 | 2859758 |
| antibodies to new variants of subtype a(h3 n2) influenza virus in pigs. | following an explosive epidemic of a(h3n2) influenza among the human population of czechoslovakia in 1983, haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies (titre range 10-640) against strains a/texas/77, a/bangkok/79 and a/philipines 2/83 were detected in 93% of sera collected from 135 pigs on three farms. only 6.6% of sera were negative. anti-neuraminidase antibodies were detected at rates of 81% and 23% in two and one of the herds, respectively. antibodies against a/rnp were demonstrated by the immuno ... | 1985 | 2860799 |
| subunit influenza virus vaccine grippovac se-azh (vaccination of adults). | grippovac se-azh a polytype, subunit influenza virus vaccine containing h1n1 and h3n2 influenza a virus strains and one influenza b virus strain has been tested in 80 volunteers. the trials demonstrated the harmlessness, the absence of adverse reactions, and except of the b type, the high antigenicity of vaccine preparation when administered in two injections. the optimal dose of each viral strain haemagglutinin (ha) was 15 micrograms in 0.5 ml. | 1985 | 2864825 |
| the variability of genes of influenza a (h3n2) virus strains isolated in the g.d.r. during the 1970-1978 epidemic seasons. | gene variability of all influenza a virus strains (h3n2) isolated in the g.d.r. during the epidemic seasons of 1970-1978 was investigated by crna:vrna hybridization. from 1970 through 1975 a gradual smooth variability of the majority of genes and moderate heterogeneity in gene homology of the isolates were observed. from 1975 through 1977 the genome variability was more profound and the isolates differed from one another in gene homology. in 1978 the variability became less pronounced again. qua ... | 1985 | 2869657 |
| [virological and pathomorphological study of an influenzal infection in children 1982-1983]. | in the interepidemic period of 1982-1983, acute respiratory viral infections and pneumonias in infants in alma-ata were in 40.2% of cases etiologically associated with influenza infection. in the studied period in alma-ata and during an epidemic outbreak of influenza in kzyl-orda (march, 1983), two influenza a virus subtypes, h1n1 and h3n2, were in circulation. in a number of cases these subtypes were isolated from the same infants. | 1985 | 2932855 |
| murine th response to influenza virus: recognition of hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, matrix, and nucleoproteins. | balb/c mice were primed with type a influenza virus by footpad injection or by aerosol infection with pr8 [a/pr/8/34-(h1n1)]. isolated t cells from draining lymph nodes were then tested for their proliferation in the presence of purified viral proteins hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, matrix, and nucleoprotein. significant responses [( 3h]thymidine incorporation) were seen against each of the four proteins after either priming scheme. when helper t (th) cell clones were isolated by hybridoma format ... | 1985 | 3155776 |
| antigenic and biochemical analysis of influenza "a" h3n2 viruses isolated from pigs. | four influenza a-h3n2 viruses isolated in pigs from different herds in central italy in the period 1981/82 have been antigenically and biochemically analysed. three of them a/sw/italy/2/81, a/sw/italy/7/81, a/sw/italy/8/82 were found to be serologically related to a/bangkok/1/79 (h3n2). these three viruses were shown to have an identical electrophoretic pattern, as regards virus induced polypeptides and were clearly distinguishable from the virus a/sw/italy/6/81 which was antigenically related t ... | 1985 | 3155941 |
| detection of viral and chlamydial antigens in open-lung biopsy specimens. | the recovery of viruses and chlamydia trachomatis from cell cultures and the detection of their antigens in impression smears prepared from open-lung biopsy (olb) specimens from immunocompromised adults were compared. touch impression smears were prepared on three slides, each containing eight wells. olb tissue was homogenized (stomacher) and inoculated into mrc-5, primary monkey kidney, and mccoy cell cultures. the direct and indirect immunofluorescence (if) tests were used to detect antigens t ... | 1985 | 2983526 |
| clinical-histopathological correlations in experimental otitis media: implications for silent otitis media in humans. | clinical-histopathological correlations were sought in an experimental animal model of otitis media. among 20 chinchillas inoculated intranasally with wildtype influenza a/alaska virus (h3n2) and type 7f streptococcus pneumoniae, 15 animals (18 ears) developed otoscopic and tympanometric signs of otitis media with middle ear effusion. middle ear inflammation was most intense 10 days after virus inoculation. twenty-two days after virus inoculation, eight ears showed diffuse middle ear histopathol ... | 1985 | 2987783 |
| epidemiological features of influenza in a large town of romania during 1983. | data supplied by the active influenza surveillance - including clinical, epidemiological and laboratory investigations - allowed the characterization of the particularities of an influenza outbreak caused by a(h3n2) virus in a large town of romania in march 1983. the epidemiological impact of influenza in 1983 is discussed in the light of the complex relationships between the antigenic structure of circulating influenza strains and the profile of antiinfluenza immunity of the population. | 1985 | 2988190 |
| fusion of influenza virus membranes with liposomes at ph 7.5. | influenza virus x-31 (h3n2) membranes fuse with liposomes containing ganglioside gd1a at ph 7.5. fusion was demonstrated by electron microscopy and also can be measured by counting the labeled virus proteins incorporated into liposomes after bound virus has been removed. liposomes composed of lipids that have no net charge behave as reported by other investigators and do not fuse with influenza x-31 membranes at neutral ph, but they do fuse at low ph. therefore, the liposomal composition is a fa ... | 1985 | 3860813 |
| simultaneous administration of live, attenuated influenza a vaccines representing different serotypes. | two live, attenuated cold-adapted influenza a vaccines representing current h1n1 and h3n2 serotypes were simultaneously administered intranasally to doubly seronegative children. no clinical illness resulted. characterization of virus shedding demonstrated shedding of both original vaccine strains and of reassortant virus with the h3n1 and h1n2 phenotype. a serum immune response to both serotypes was demonstrated. the successful simultaneous administration of two influenza a vaccine strains enha ... | 1985 | 3904259 |
| n-acetylneuraminyllactosylceramide, gm3-neuac, a new influenza a virus receptor which mediates the adsorption-fusion process of viral infection. binding specificity of influenza virus a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2) to membrane-associated gm3 with different molecular species of sialic acid. | agglutinates of native chicken erythrocytes caused by influenza virus a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2) at 4 degrees c were potently fused and lysed at low ph (optimum ph 5.3) at 37 degrees c. exogenous gangliosides gm3 (sia alpha 2-3gal beta 1-4glc beta 1-ceramide) and gm2 (galnac beta 1-4(sia alpha 2-3)-gal beta 1-4glc beta 1-ceramide) were integrated into the membranes of chicken asialoerythrocytes within 5-min incubation at 37 degrees c. we found that the incorporation of ganglioside gm3 containing n-acet ... | 1985 | 3838173 |
| [isolation of the internal proteins of the influenza virus by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for obtaining monospecific antisera]. | the principal possibility of isolation of internal proteins (m and np) of influenza type a (h1n1 and h3n2) and b viruses by sds-pag preparative electrophoresis and preparation of monospecific antisera to these proteins was demonstrated. the resulting preparations may be used for testing the biological objects by enzymeimmunoassay. | 1985 | 3913133 |
| amino acid sequences of haemagglutinins of influenza viruses of the h3 subtype isolated from horses. | the amino acid sequence of the haemagglutinin of a/equine/miami/63 (h3n8), the prototype influenza virus of the h3 subtype from horses, is deduced from the nucleotide sequence of virus rna and compared with the sequences of haemagglutinins of viruses of this subtype isolated from humans [x-31 (h3n2)] and from birds [a/duck/ukraine/63 (h3n8)] and with the sequence of the haemagglutinin of a/equine/fontainebleau/79 (h3n8) a virus isolated from a recent outbreak of equine influenza. the amino acid ... | 1985 | 3973560 |
| development of subtype-specific and heterosubtypic antibodies to the influenza a virus hemagglutinin after primary infection in children. | children undergoing primary infection with an h1n1 or h3n2 influenza a virus developed subtype-specific hemagglutination inhibition antibodies and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibodies to purified hemagglutinin (ha) of the infecting virus subtype. they also developed lower titered elisa antibodies to the noninfecting h1 or h3 ha and to h8 (an avian strain) ha. thus, after primary infection with an influenza a virus, children develop enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, but not hemagglutinat ... | 1985 | 3839001 |
| sensitization of mice with wild-type and cold-adapted influenza virus variants: immune response to two h1n1 and h3n2 viruses. | two a strain influenza viruses, a/hong kong/123/77 (a/hk/123/77) (h1n1) and a/queensland/6/72 (a/qld/6/72) (h3n2), and the two cold-adapted reassortants which possess the surface antigens of these strains (cr35 and cr6, respectively) were tested for their ability both to induce primary cytotoxic t-cell (tc cell) responses in mice and to sensitize mice for a second tc cell response when challenged with a distantly related a strain virus, a/shearwater/72 (h6n5). after intranasal inoculation, a/qld ... | 1985 | 3871484 |
| current status of amantadine and rimantadine as anti-influenza-a agents: memorandum from a who meeting. | amantadine (1-adamantanamine hydrochloride), an anti-influenza drug, effectively inhibits the replication of all human subtypes of influenza a virus (h1n1, h2n2 and h3n2) both in laboratory studies and in a variety of clinical situations in young and old persons. so far, it has been used on a relatively limited scale by community and hospital clinicians, partly because of concern over mild side-effects in approximately 6% of persons. the related compound, rimantadine (alpha-methyl-1-adamantane-m ... | 1985 | 3872736 |
| human peripheral blood mononuclear cells produce iga anti-influenza virus antibody in a secondary in vitro antibody response. | the function and immunoregulation of human iga memory b cells producing anti-influenza virus antibody was analyzed in vitro in antigen-stimulated cultures. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from seven of eight normal adult volunteers naturally immunized to influenza virus produced iga anti-influenza virus antibody when stimulated in vitro with inactivated a/aichi/68 [h3n2] influenza virus. this iga antibody response was approximately one-eighth the igg antibody response. pbmc from each o ... | 1985 | 3874224 |
| [use of a method of molecular nucleic acid hybridization for the rapid diagnosis of influenza]. | a highly sensitive method of pinpoint hybridization of nucleic acids on nitrocellulose filters using 32p-labeled pha plasmid carrying a dna copy of hemagglutinin gene of influenza a/udorn/307/72 (h3n2) was developed which permitted specific detection of minimal amounts of rna (units of pikograms) of influenza a virus with h3 serotype hemagglutinin. the method of pinpoint hybridization was used for the detection of rna of influenza a (h3 serotype) in nasopharyngeal washings of patients with acute ... | 1985 | 3907140 |
| [hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to influenza viruses]. | six hybrid clones producing monoclonal antibodies (mca) to influenza a/fmi/47 virus and 9 hybrid clones producing mca to influenza a/ussr/090/77 virus have been developed. the resulting mca have been shown to be highly specific for influenza viruses of h1n1 serotype and differentiating h1n1 viruses from h0n1 and h3n2. in 3 out of 11 hybrid clones under study, unique marker chromosomes not occurring in cells of the myeloma parents have been found. | 1985 | 3887755 |
| visualization of the fate of inactive influenza viruses in daudi cells by electron microscopy. | the replication of active and inactivated influenza viruses in daudi lymphoma cells was studied by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. in a previous study, we demonstrated that active and heat-inactivated x47 (h3n2) virus arrested daudi cell growth by inhibiting cellular dna synthesis while formalin-treated x47 virus did not. transmission electron microscopic studies revealed that both the active and the heat-inactivated x47 virus penetrated into the cells. only the active x47 (xa) virus ... | 1985 | 3912969 |
| [analysis of the influenza situation in the ussr and the gdr in nonepidemic (1978-1979) and epidemic (1979-1980) seasons]. | analysis of comparative surveillance on influenza carried out in the ussr and the gdr is presented. it was shown that both in the nonepidemic and epidemic seasons the incidence of influenza in the ussr increased considerably earlier than in the gdr. in the nonepidemic season of 1978-1979, strains of different antigenic structure were in circulation in the ussr and the gdr, whereas the epidemic of 1979-1980 was induced by new drift variants of a(h3n2) virus, a/bangkok/1/79 and a/bangkok/2/79. the ... | 1985 | 4002688 |
| dose response of influenza a/washington/897/80 (h3n2) avian-human reassortant virus in adult volunteers. | 1985 | 4008988 | |
| [cloning of the hemagglutinin gene of influenza virus of subtype h3 in e. coli]. | dsdna of the influenza virus subtype a/leningrad/385/80/r (h3n2)-recombinant a/leningrad/385/80 (h3n2) and rr/8/34 (h1n1) has been synthesized using polyadenylated viral rna as a template. this dsdna has been cloned on plasmid puc19. a clone has been selected harbouring the plasmid with included proximal fragment of hemagglutinin gene that contains the main antigenic determinants. the hybrid plasmid is hybridizable with rna of the hemagglutinin gene and with oligonucleotide catgcaaaaccttccc that ... | 1985 | 3916214 |
| t-enriched spleen cells in delayed-type hypersensitivity to influenza virus in mice. | restimulation in vitro of t-enriched spleen cells from cba mice with influenza virus a/bangkok 1/79/h3n2 or its hemagglutinin (ha) leads to enhancement of delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) to virus and ha in recipients of transfer. the enhancement of dth measured by tail swelling is accompanied by 20-fold increase of binding affinity of transferring cells to ha measured by saturation analysis. dth induced by ha in vivo is weaker than induced by virus in this system. however, when ha is used in ... | 1985 | 3878696 |
| infection of cultured human muscle cells by influenza virus. | in a search for myotropic viruses with a potential to initiate muscle autoimmunity, we found that two strains of influenza a virus, a/england/863/78 (h3n2) and the reassortant virus x-47 (h3n2), could infect human syncytial myotubes lytically. the x-47 strain could, in addition, infect unicellular precursor myoblasts. intracellular viral protein synthesis was demonstrated by pulse-labelling studies in both cell types with both virus strains. by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy, v ... | 1985 | 3903046 |
| efficacy of influenza vaccine in nursing homes. reduction in illness and complications during an influenza a (h3n2) epidemic. | from december 10, 1982, to march 4, 1983, when influenza a (h3n2) viruses circulated in michigan, outbreaks of influenza-like illness were identified in seven nursing homes in genesee county; 272 (27%) of 1,018 residents were affected. unvaccinated residents were more likely than vaccinated residents to become ill (risk ratio [rr], 2.6; 95% confidence interval [cl], 1.8-3.6) and were subsequently more likely to be hospitalized (rr, 2.4; 95% cl, 1.2-4.8), develop roentgenographically proven pneum ... | 1985 | 3968844 |
| the demonstration of the influenza virus by the method of the immune electron microscopy. | the direct and indirect method of the immune electron microscopy (iem) was used for the identification of two influenza viruses of the type a--[strain a/chabarovsk/77 (h1n1) and a/texas/77 (h3n2)]--by means of reference specific rat- and human- convalescent sera. in the cross-testing different dilutions of the virus in the allantoic fluid and of the sera were examined for the determination of the appropriate rates for the formation of the immunocomplexes. in the demonstration of the immunocomple ... | 1985 | 3926876 |
| use of influenza a virus vaccines in seronegative children: live cold-adapted versus inactivated whole virus. | we report the safety and antigenicity of influenza a vaccines in seronegative children one to seven years of age. a natural h1n1 challenge that occurred shortly after completion of the vaccination program permitted an evaluation of efficacy. twenty-eight subjects were inoculated with live cold-adapted (ca) influenza a/washington/897/80 (h3n2), 29 with ca influenza a/california/10/78 (h1n1), 24 with inactivated whole-virus influenza a/bangkok/79 (h3n2), and 30 with a placebo. the ca vaccines were ... | 1985 | 3905983 |
| biochemical and antigenic analysis using monoclonal antibodies of a series of of influenza a (h3n2) and (h1n1) virus reassortants. | reassortant influenza a viruses with high growth capacity in eggs and suitable as candidate vaccine strains or as standard reagents for influenza ha quantification were prepared using the high yielding a/pr/8/34 (h1n1) as one parent and a number of 'wild' strains of influenza a (h1n1) or (h3n2) viruses as the other parent. the genetic and antigenic composition of the reassortants was determined. the parental derivation of genes in the reassortants was established by electrophoretic analysis of v ... | 1986 | 3962452 |
| reinfection with influenza a (h2n2, h3n2, and h1n1) viruses in soldiers and students in japan. | reinfection with influenza a virus was studied by measuring hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody responses to infection in paired sera taken from groups of soldiers and students. among 62 soldiers severely infected during the first wave of the a/asian/57 (h2n2) pandemic in 1957, 17 were asymptomatically reinfected with the same virus within six months. in the 1962 epidemic the rate increased to 41%. among reinfected soldiers studied, 68% had an asymptomatic infection; only 10% were severely symp ... | 1986 | 3941288 |
| studies of influenza haemagglutinin-mediated membrane fusion. | a resonance energy transfer assay of membrane fusion developed by p. s. uster and d. w. deamer (biochemistry 24, 1-8 (1985)) was used in a study of influenza haemagglutinin-mediated fusion. the characteristics of fusion and haemolysis by x-31 (h3n2) virus, a number of mutants of x-31 which fuse membranes at higher ph, and purified haemagglutinins released from virus particles either by detergent dissociation or by bromelain digestion were compared with particular regard to ph and temperature dep ... | 1986 | 3946080 |
| [pathologico-anatomic findings in sudden, unexpected death in children and adults with influenza a infection]. | thé following observations resulted from studies on forensic autopsy cases: in 76% of the adults and 55% of the infants the cases of unexpected sudden death without morphologically verifiable causes of death showed virologic evidence of recent influenza-a (h3n2)-infection. the pathologic findings corresponded with the findings in lethal infections with influenza-a viruses. investigation of cases of sudden and unexpected death should always include virologic serum tests. the demonstration of igm ... | 1986 | 3825314 |
| a reassortant between influenza a viruses (h7n2) synthesizing an enzymatically inactive neuraminidase at 40 degrees which is not incorporated into infectious particles. | cells infected with a reassortant (113/ho, h7n2) between a/fowl plague/rostock/34 (fpv, h7n1) and a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) carrying rna segments 1 and 6 of the hong kong virus and the residual genes of fpv, synthesized at 40 degrees a neuraminidase (na) which is enzymatically not active and which is not incorporated into infectious particles. at 40 degrees na accumulates in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. it contains mainly carbohydrate side chains of the mannose type, and fucose is only scarcel ... | 1986 | 3952990 |
| [structure of major complex carbohydrate chains of influenza virus a/leningrad/385/80 (h3n2) hemagglutinin]. | the structure of four oligosaccharides which are the main carbohydrate chains of hemagglutinin of influenza virus a/leningrad/385/80 (h3n2) has been elucidated. it was shown by means of enzymatic and mild acid hydrolysis, smith degradation and acetolysis that the oligosaccharides have very similar structures (noncomplete triantennary) and differ from each other only in the number (0, 1 or 2) and position of fucose residues. the peculiarities of glycosylation of h3 hemagglutinin from different st ... | 1986 | 3778535 |
| development and persistence of local and systemic antibody responses in adults given live attenuated or inactivated influenza a virus vaccine. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure nasal-wash and serum isotype-specific hemagglutinin antibody responses in 109 seronegative (hemagglutination-inhibiting titer less than or equal to 1:8) adults vaccinated intranasally with live attenuated a/washington/897/80 (h3n2) or a/california/10/78 (h1n1) cold-adapted (ca) virus or with licensed subvirion vaccine subcutaneously. live and inactivated virus elicited serum immunoglobulin a (iga) responses in 83 and 96% of vaccinees, resp ... | 1986 | 3700610 |
| immunoglobulin g, a and m response to influenza vaccination in different age groups: effects of priming and boosting. | fifty volunteers, treated with an inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine containing a/bangkok/1/79 (h3n2), a/brazil/11/78 (h1n1) and b/singapore/222/79 virus, were subdivided according to the estimated first exposure to influenza in their lifetime (priming) and the presence of antibodies against the vaccine components in the pre-vaccination sera. the isotypic antibody response (igg, iga, igm) was determined by means of an antibody capture haemadsorption immunosorbent technique. for all three va ... | 1986 | 3734434 |
| [reproductive activity of the influenza a virus in the splenocytes of experimental animals with mono- and mixed infections]. | virus-induced processes in organs and tissues of syrian hamsters in relation to the influenza a virus strain used (hon1 or h3n2), age of the animals, and in the presence of mixed infection were compared. the infection of young hamsters with a/pr8/34 and a/bangkok/1/79 viruses was shown to induce the synthesis of viral proteins np and m in spleen cells lasting for up to 15 days (the observation period). in mixed influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection the possibility of influenza viru ... | 1986 | 3765566 |
| molecular studies of the differential replication at pyrexial temperatures of two influenza viruses differing in virulence for ferrets. | replication of a virulent clone (7a) of the reassortant influenza virus a/puerto rico/8/34-a/england/939/69 (h3n2) in ferret nasal turbinate tissue is less affected than that of an attenuated clone (64d) by temperatures which occur during pyrexia in ferrets. this is a factor which contributes to the difference in virulence of the two clones. the differential replication of the two clones at pyrexial temperatures has been reproduced in allantois-on-shell (egg-bit) cultures, and the synthesis of v ... | 1986 | 3765825 |
| resistance of adults to challenge with influenza a wild-type virus after receiving live or inactivated virus vaccine. | the efficacy of live attenuated cold-adapted (ca) reassortant influenza a h3n2 and h1n1 virus vaccines against experimental challenge with homologous wild-type virus 7 months after vaccination was compared with that of licensed inactivated virus vaccine in 106 seronegative (hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titer less than or equal to 1:8) college students. the live attenuated virus vaccines induced as much resistance against illness as did the inactivated vaccine. vaccine efficacy, measured ... | 1986 | 3700611 |
| evaluation of avian-human reassortant influenza a/washington/897/80 x a/pintail/119/79 virus in monkeys and adult volunteers. | a reassortant influenza a virus was produced by mating an avian influenza a/pintail/alberta/119/79 (h4n6) virus with wild-type human influenza a/washington/897/80 (h3n2) virus. the avian-human influenza a reassortant virus contained the genes coding for the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase surface antigens of the human influenza wild-type virus and the six other rna segments (internal genes) of the avian influenza a virus donor. in the lower respiratory tract of squirrel monkeys, this avian-human ... | 1986 | 3722365 |
| an antigenic analysis using monoclonal antibodies of influenza a (h3n2) viruses isolated from an epidemic in a semi-closed community. | seventy-eight influenza a (h3n2) viruses isolated from a single epidemic in a semi-closed community involving 203 clinical cases were characterized using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to virus haemagglutinin (ha). thirty groups of antigenically distinguishable viruses were detected but the majority (41%) of the viruses belonged to two serological groupings, designated 11 and 17. viruses in serological group 11 were present throughout the outbreak. the greatest diversity of antigenic variants ... | 1986 | 3944586 |
| influenza in the united kingdom 1982-85. | influenza surveillance in the uk between the years 1982 and 1985 has demonstrated the regular winter appearance of influenza a virus of both h1n1 and h3n2 subtypes and influenza b. their antigenic diversity is described and correlated with the national statistics for morbidity and mortality for influenza. one unexpected finding has been that despite the wide circulation of influenza viruses there has been a continuation of winters without significant increases in influenza deaths or morbidity. a ... | 1986 | 3782786 |
| comparative studies of h3n2 influenza virus strains isolated in may-june, 1982, and in the subsequent epidemic in february, 1983: antigenic and genome analysis. | comparative studies have been undertaken on the h3n2 influenza virus strains isolated in leningrad in may-june, 1982 and those isolated in the subsequent winter epidemic in february, 1983. analysis of the isolates with ferret antisera against standard influenza viruses of the h3n2 subtype and with monoclonal antibodies against a/bangkok/1/79 virus revealed a considerable but similar degree of heterogeneity in the ha antigenic specificity of the strains isolated in the spring-summer, 1982, as in ... | 1986 | 3947238 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene of an avian and a human influenza virus strain identifies two classes of nucleoproteins. | the nucleotide sequences of rna segment 5 of an avian influenza a virus, a/mallard/ny/6750/78 (h2n2), and a human influenza a virus, a/udorn/307/72 (h3n2), were determined and the deduced amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein (np) of these viruses were compared to two other avian and two other human influenza a np sequences. the results indicated that there are separate classes of avian and human influenza a np genes that can be distinguished on the basis of sites containing amino acids spec ... | 1986 | 3788059 |
| laboratory studies of the 1984 influenza epidemic on the witwatersrand. | a particularly severe outbreak of influenza occurred on the witwatersrand from may to august 1984, caused sequentially by influenza a (h3n2), b/influenza and influenza a (h1n1) viruses. although the precise extent of the infection was impossible to determine, valuable anecdotal information was provided by a network of sentinel sampling stations in private practices, clinics and hospitals, representing a cross-section of population groups on the witwatersrand. this active surveillance programme w ... | 1986 | 3798269 |
| ultrastructure and some biological properties of influenza a virus. i. alterations in the activity of surface antigens of influenza a virus by enzymes and infectious activity of such changed viruses. | strain of a/zsrr/053/74 (h3n2) virus was subjected to the action of enzymes. treatment of the virus with soluble trypsin and trypsin bound to a carrier for different periods of time resulted in decreased neuraminidase activity and infectivity, however, hemagglutinin activity was preserved. after treatment pickled with soluble bromelain, virions of decreased hemagglutinin amount but preserved neuraminidase activity, were obtained. this was accompanied by a slight fall in the infectivity. bromelin ... | 1986 | 3778115 |
| evaluation of the efficacy of split-product trivalent a(h1n1), a(h3n2), and b influenza vaccines: reactogenicity, immunogenicity and persistence of antibodies following two doses of vaccines. | the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of tween-ether split trivalent a(h1n1), a(h3n2), and b influenza vaccine in primary school children aged seven to 12 years, and the persistence of antibodies following two doses of vaccine were studied during 1980-1984. adverse reactions were infrequent, and, even when reported, were chiefly local ones, mild in nature and of short duration. most of the reactions were less frequent after the second dose than after the first dose. most of the systemic reaction ... | 1986 | 3807793 |
| [quantitative characteristics of the process of solubilizing hemagglutinin isolated from influenza viruses h1n1 and h3n2]. | quantitative characteristics of the process of solubilization of influenza h1n1 and h3n2 virus hemagglutinin treated with bromeline enzyme were studied. after a long-time contact of viruses with the enzyme the hemagglutinin was found to be destroyed significantly. certain conditions should be observed in order to increase the amount of hemagglutinin separated by the enzyme and its final yield. first, the quality of the original virus concentrate should be evaluated by electron microscopy. second ... | 1986 | 3798905 |
| risk factors for outbreaks of influenza in nursing homes. a case-control study. | to determine risk factors for outbreaks of influenza virus infections in chronic-care facilities for the elderly, the authors compared the characteristics of two groups of nursing homes in genesee county, michigan, in 1982-1983, following a community-wide epidemic caused by a/bangkok/1/79-like (h3n2) viruses: seven homes in which an outbreak occurred (case homes) and six homes with sporadic illnesses only (control homes). the two groups were similar in many respects, including the physical chara ... | 1986 | 3717133 |
| evaluation of live avian-human reassortant influenza a h3n2 and h1n1 virus vaccines in seronegative adult volunteers. | an avian-human reassortant influenza a virus deriving its genes coding for the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase from the human influenza a/washington/897/80 (h3n2) virus and its six "internal" genes from the avian influenza a/mallard/ny/6750/78 (h2n2) virus (i.e., a six-gene reassortant) was previously shown to be safe, infectious, nontransmissible, and immunogenic as a live virus vaccine in adult humans. two additional six-gene avian-human reassortant influenza viruses derived from the mating of ... | 1986 | 3711273 |
| primary structure of influenza virus genome regions coding for polypeptides from the major antigenic sites of h3 hemagglutinin. | nucleotide sequences for some regions of the hemagglutinin (ha) gene of influenza virus a/leningrad/385/80 (h3n2) were analyzed. a double-stranded complementary dna was synthesized on the influenza genome rna in the presence of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides a gcaaaagcagg and a gtagaaacaag and inserted into the pst i-site of the pbr322 plasmid through g-c-tailing. nucleotide sequences were determined by a solid phase modification of the maxam and gilbert procedure. a comparison of our data ... | 1986 | 3727394 |
| comparison by studies in squirrel monkeys, chimpanzees, and adult humans of avian-human influenza a virus reassortants derived from different avian influenza virus donors. | we evaluated the abilities of three different avian influenza a viruses to attenuate the wild-type human influenza a/korea/1/82 (h3n2) virus in squirrel monkeys, chimpanzees, and adult seronegative human volunteers. two of these, avian influenza a/mallard/ny/78 and a/mallard/alberta/76 viruses, appeared to be satisfactory donors of attenuating genes for the production of live influenza a reassortant virus vaccines for human use because the reassortants exhibited an acceptable balance between att ... | 1986 | 3760140 |
| immunity to influenza a virus infection in young children: a comparison of natural infection, live cold-adapted vaccine, and inactivated vaccine. | live attenuated, cold-adapted (ca) influenza a vaccines administered intranasally have been well characterized as safe and immunogenic, but comparative data on protective efficacy are required for further development. in this study, 59 young children were divided into the following four groups based on prior exposure to influenza a (h3n2) virus: natural infection, live ca vaccine given intranasally, inactivated vaccine given im, and no previous exposure. virus challenge with homologous live ca v ... | 1986 | 3711685 |
| immunogenicity of a single dose of trivalent influenza vaccine including a/philippines (h3n2): results of a field trial. | during 1982, a new a(h3n2) influenza virus subtype, a/philippines/2/82, was identified, and this strain was combined with previous a(h1n1) and b influenza virus strains in the trivalent inactivated vaccine recommended for the 1983-1984 influenza season. prior to the widescale use of this vaccine in israel, a group of 106 young male soldiers was vaccinated under controlled conditions. before vaccination, antibody titers greater than or equal to 1:40 were found in 14.1% against a/philippines (h3n2 ... | 1986 | 3723117 |
| amantadine resistance in clinical influenza a (h3n2) and (h1n1) virus isolates. | thirty-nine influenza a (h1n1) and (h3n2) virus isolates were examined for their susceptibility to amantadine in allantois-on-shell (aos) cultures. a range of susceptibilities was found when isolates were titrated in the presence of 2.5 mg/l amantadine. further titration of resistant isolates at 25 mg/l revealed one isolate which remained totally resistant at this higher concentration. a series of cloned viruses was derived from this resistant isolate, and one other partially resistant isolate, ... | 1986 | 3793655 |
| [evolution of the hemagglutinin gene of human influenza a virus h3 subtype]. | an evolutional tree of human influenza viruses of the h3n2-subtype is suggested on the basis of combined published primary structures of the hemagglutinin ha1-subunit. possible differences between natural and sequenced structures are discussed. a tendency to reversions in the course of antigenic draft within the subtype has been revealed to support the hypothesis of limited antigenic evolution within a single subtype. | 1986 | 3821759 |
| newcastle disease virus and two influenza viruses: differing effects of acid and temperature on the uptake of infectious virus into bovine and canine kidney cell lines. | the entry of 2 influenza viruses was compared to the entry of the ulster strain of newcastle disease virus (ndv) by measuring the escape rate of preadsorbed virus from neutralization using a microwell assay. the 2-minute entry of ulster into madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cells increased exponentially over the temperature range for fusion of 30-37 degrees c and was prevented by ph 4.6 which corresponded to the ph within endosomes. the 2-hour entry of both influenza viruses into mdbk cells incr ... | 1986 | 3707356 |
| human adenoid organ culture: a model to study the interaction of influenza a with human nasopharyngeal mucosa. | previous studies of infections with influenza a in animal models have stressed the tropism of this virus for the upper respiratory tract. to assess the interaction of influenza a virus with human respiratory tissue, we maintained adenoids, consisting of ciliated epithelium with underlying lymphoid follicles, in organ culture. when the organ cultures were inoculated with wild-type influenza a/alaska (h3n2), epithelial damage and migration of inflammatory cells from the follicles into the lamina p ... | 1986 | 3510261 |
| serum and nasal wash antibodies associated with resistance to experimental challenge with influenza a wild-type virus. | to identify immunological predictors of resistance to influenza a infection and illness, the immunological status of live and inactivated virus vaccines subsequently challenged with h1n1 or h3n2 wild-type virus was examined. we refer to prechallenge antibodies of vaccinees receiving live attenuated virus as infection induced and those receiving inactivated virus as inactivated vaccine induced. inactivated vaccine-induced protection against wild-type virus infection or illness correlated with the ... | 1986 | 3722363 |
| [characteristics of different recombinants of the philippine variety of influenza virus h3n2]. | the paper presents the results of generating influenza virus recombinants by hybridization of the laboratory a/pr8/34 strain with epidemic a/philippines 2/82 virus and studies of a number of their biological properties. a highly temperature-sensitive recombinant with mutational damages in the hemagglutinin gene was detected. | 1986 | 3798904 |
| time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay with monoclonal antibodies for rapid diagnosis of influenza infections. | monoclonal antibodies that are broadly reactive with either influenza a or influenza b viruses were used to develop a 2- to 3-h antigen capture time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (tr fia) for detecting influenza viral antigens in both original nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens and in tissue cultures inoculated with nose or throat swab specimens. the lower limit of sensitivity of the assay was about 10 pg of protein as determined with purified influenza a nucleoprotein expressed by recombinant dna. ... | 1986 | 3537001 |
| influenza activity in czechoslovakia and the ussr, 1980-1985. | between 1980 and 1985, czechoslovakia had experienced 4 and the ussr 3 major influenza outbreaks. of the 3 epidemic outbreaks in the ussr, 2 were associated with influenza b virus (in the 1980/81 and 1983/84 seasons) and 1 with influenza a virus of the h3n2 subtype. in the ussr, influenza a (h1n1) virus never predominated as a cause of epidemic during the 5 years period. in czechoslovakia, 2 epidemics (in the 1980/81 and 1983/84 seasons) were due to influenza a (h1n1) virus. the epidemic in the ... | 1986 | 3805712 |
| intraepidemic heterogeneity of influenza a (h3n2) viruses in 1985: antigenic analysis and sensitivity to non-specific inhibitors. | during the influenza outbreak of 1984-85 22 strains of h3n2 viruses were isolated in finland. an intra-epidemic heterogeneity was demonstrated in an antigenic analysis by haemagglutination inhibition test with antisera produced in rats. the strains could be classified into three groups which corresponded to the following reference strains: group i: a/hong kong/1/84, a/hong kong/3/84; group ii: a/philippines/2/82; group iii: a/caen/1/84. seven of the isolates were entirely insensitive to gamma-in ... | 1986 | 3807442 |
| characterization and evaluation of monoclonal antibodies developed for typing influenza a and influenza b viruses. | monoclonal antibodies that are broadly reactive with influenza a or influenza b viruses were produced as stable reagents for typing influenza viruses. monoclonal antibodies to influenza a were specific for either matrix protein or nucleoprotein. the antibodies to influenza b were specific for nucleoprotein or hemagglutinin protein. in an enzyme immunoassay procedure, influenza a antibodies detected h1n1, h2n2, and h3n2 influenza a virus strains collected between 1934 and 1984. each of the influe ... | 1986 | 3517049 |
| oral rimantadine hydrochloride therapy of influenza a virus h3n2 subtype infection in adults. | in a randomized, double-blind trial involving patients with uncomplicated influenza a h3n2 subtype virus infection, rimantadine treatment (200 mg/day for 5 days) was associated with significant reductions in nasal secretion viral titers (days 2 through 4), maximal temperature (days 2 and 3), time until defervescence (mean, 37 h shorter), and systemic symptoms compared with placebo treatment. | 1986 | 3521480 |
| [adsorbed subunit influenza vaccine: its isolation and characteristics]. | experimental batches of adsorbed subunit influenza vaccine were prepared from the envelope of glycoprotein antigens separated from the influenza virion by treatment with a cationic detergent (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide). purified and concentrated influenza virus strains a(h1n1) and a(h3n2) were obtained by gradient centrifugation; additional purification, with a view to removing ovalbumin and structural components of the chorioallantoic membrane, was achieved by gelfiltration. the compositio ... | 1986 | 3727396 |
| value of serological tests in the diagnosis of viral acute respiratory infections in adults. | the dynamics of the antibody response to influenza viruses a (h1n1), a (h3n2) and b, to parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3, to adenoviruses and respiratory syncytial virus was studied in paired serum samples collected from 110 patients hospitalized with acute respiratory infections (ari) and in 40 patients suffering from other diseases. rises in serum antibody titers to 1--5 of the above mentioned antigens were detected in many of the patients of both groups. the fact is most likely due to the presen ... | 1986 | 3727398 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies for rapid detection of influenza a virus in nasopharyngeal secretions. | two monoclonal antibodies against influenza a virus were assessed for use as diagnostic reagents in an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) of nasopharyngeal secretions. monoclonal antibody ia-52, directed at an internal antigen, reacted with all influenza a tested. the high stability of this epitope permitted its use in a rapid ifa test, which gave results comparable to those obtained with polyclonal antibodies and viral isolation. the second monoclonal antibody, ia-279 was directed at a sur ... | 1986 | 3527703 |
| prevention and treatment of experimental influenza a virus infection in volunteers with a new antiviral ici 130,685. | the initial prophylactic and therapeutic trials of ici 130,685 against influenza a virus infection are reported. prophylaxis with either 200 mg/day (38 volunteers received drug and 40 received placebo) or 100 mg/day (28 volunteers received drug and 28 received placebo) for seven days significantly reduced illness, mean clinical score and nasal secretion weight when volunteers were challenged with 10(4.1) eid50 of influenza virus a/eng/40/83 (h3n2). overall, prophylaxis with 200 mg/day and 100 mg ... | 1986 | 3531141 |
| safety of and serum antibody response to cold-recombinant influenza a and inactivated trivalent influenza virus vaccines in older adults with chronic diseases. | forty older adults with chronic diseases were vaccinated intranasally with either influenza a/california/10/78 (h1n1) (cr37) or influenza a/washington/897/80 (h3n2) (cr48) virus. no clinically significant morbidity or decrement in pulmonary function occurred postvaccination. two (15%) recipients of cr37 virus and twelve (44%) recipients of cr48 virus became infected with vaccine virus, as indicated by a fourfold rise in serum hemagglutination inhibition antibody titer; a fourfold rise in serum i ... | 1986 | 3531226 |
| characterization of influenza virus neuraminidase with hemagglutinin activity and its comparison with that of viral neuraminidase. | the neuraminidase associated with the bifunctional protein, hemagglutinin-neuraminidase, of influenza virus has been characterized. the enzyme has a ph optimum of 4.5, does not require ca2+ and is inactivated (98%) by incubation at 50 degrees c. the enzyme has a km of 2.00 x 10(-3) m and 0.06 x 10(-3) m with the substrates 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-n-acetylneuraminic acid and fetuin, respectively. the ki is 400 x 10(-6) with the inhibitor 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-n-acetylneuraminic acid. the incorporation ... | 1986 | 3533157 |
| a nonneutralizing human igm monoclonal antibody inhibiting hemagglutination of h3n2 influenza a strains. | a mouse-human hybridoma has been produced by fusing human splenocytes from a cooley's anemia patient with the murine myeloma p3-ns1/1-ag 4-1. the hybridoma is stable after 18 months and secretes human igm. the antibody reacts with some h3n2 influenza a strains and detects an epitope that is part of the hemagglutinin antigen, but does not affect virus infectivity. | 1986 | 3542806 |
| suicide selection of murine t helper clones specific for variable regions of the influenza hemagglutinin molecule. | a negative selection procedure has been developed to obtain murine t helper clones specific for variable regions of the influenza a hemagglutinin. t cell lines, established from mice primed by intranasal infection with x31 (h3n2) virus, were cross-stimulated with natural variant viruses of known primary sequence (either a/texas/1/77 or a/eng878/69) and proliferating cells eliminated by treatment with the cell cycle-specific drug 5-bromodeoxyuridine. after two suicide cycles, t cell lines were su ... | 1986 | 2941307 |
| characterization of influenza a-1983 epidemic strains by polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and detection of two co-circulating antigenic variants. | influenza virus strains isolated during 1985 epidemic in czechoslovakia proved to be antigenically closely related to a/bangkok/79, a/philippines/2/83 and a/texas/77 (all h3n2) viruses, if examined in haemagglutination inhibition (hi) tests with standard polyclonal antisera. if examined in hi tests with monoclonal antibody (mab) iib4, the virus isolates could be separated into two groups: those reacting to high titres (about two thirds of the isolates) and those negative with iib4 (titre of less ... | 1986 | 2874726 |
| [influenza morbidity in the kazakh ssr 1977-1984]. | in 1977-1984, 6 epidemic outbreaks of influenza were recorded in the republic of which 2 were due to influenza a (h1n1), 2 to a (h3n2) and 2 to influenza b virus. the epidemics of influenza h1n1 (1977-1978, 1981) and h3n3 (1979-1980, 1983) were characterized by gradual decrease of their intensity as manifested by lowering of the morbidity rate and frequency of virus isolation. on the contrary, epidemics of influenza b showed a certain trend to increase. an important feature of the epidemics etio ... | 1986 | 2945325 |
| [effect of influenza virus infection on arachidonic acid cascade in mouse thrombocytes]. | prostaglandins (pgs) are essential for many physiological and pathological processes. as they are not stored in tissue, their presence and actions therefore result from de novo synthesis and release. although platelets themselves appear to have the ability to synthesize txa2, pgd2, arachidonic acid may also be metabolized in the lipoxygenase pathway in platelets, producing 12-hydroperoxy/12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-hpete/12-hete). cflp mice were infected intranasally with a/h3 ... | 1986 | 3094271 |
| [sensitivity to influenza infection of x-ray-irradiated animals and the protective effect of a thymus extract]. | the a 2/romania 1/73 (h3n2) strain of influenza virus at the 15th passage on chick embryos was compared to the mouse adapted a0/pr8/34 (h0n1) strain, as regards pathogenicity for x-ray irradiated mice. irradiated mice showed a greater sensitivity to influenza infection than nonirradiated controls, irrespective of the strain used: hemagglutinating (ha) titers were constantly higher in the first group of animals. administration of a polypeptidic thymus extract to irradiated mice inoculated with th ... | 1986 | 3548032 |
| a simple and rapid characterization of influenza virus isolates by monoclonal antibodies in radioimmunoassay. | radioimmunoassay (ria) with infectious allantoic fluid directly bound to solid phase, suitable for detection and further characterization of influenza virus isolates, is described. this simple and rapid method was applied for description of isolates obtained from different regions of czechoslovakia during influenza epidemic in 1983. the results confirmed that all 13 examined isolates represent influenza a viruses possessing h3 subtype haemagglutinin very similar to haemagglutinin of influenza vi ... | 1986 | 2874733 |