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integrative analyses of transcriptome sequencing identify functional mirnas in the chicken embryo fibroblasts cells infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.in this study, we found a much higher proportion of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infected chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) were in active cell division phase than that of control cells which indicated that rev can affect the fate of cef. so, we performed high-throughput sequencing and transcriptomic analysis to identify functional mirnas, in order to figure out the possible mechanism in the interaction of rev with cef. in total, 50 differentially expressed mirnas (demirnas) were identified. ...201830233638
analysis of alternative splicing in chicken embryo fibroblasts in response to reticuloendotheliosis virus infection.alternative splicing (as) plays a significant role in regulation of genomic expression at the transcriptional level and is involved in many important biological functions of cells, thus a gene can be spliced into distinct transcript variants then translated to many different kinds of protein. reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is a kind of retrovirus that can infect multiple avian species, leading to runting syndrome, immunosuppression and oncogenesis. in this present study, we analyzed as in rev ...201830101593
the molecular basis for host responses to marek's disease viruses integrated with different retro-viral long terminal repeat.integration of retro-viral long terminal repeat (ltr) into the marek's disease virus (mdv) genome can occur both in co-cultivation cell cultures and naturally in dual infected chickens. it is clear that the ltr insert is associated with the pathogenicity of mdv. the objective of this study was to compare the host responses to mdv with a different retro-viral ltr insert. gene-chip containing chicken genome was employed to investigate the gene transcription profile of chicken embryo fibroblasts ce ...201829917138
isolation and characterization of subgroup j avian leukosis virus associated with hemangioma in commercial hy-line chickens.there was an outbreak of hemangioma associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) between 2006 and 2010 in china in commercial layer chickens. recently, severe hemangiomas broke out in hy-line layer chickens on a poultry farm in 2017 where alv was eradicated earlier. six isolates of alv-j, named sdau1701-sdau1706, were characterized by virus isolation and sequence analysis of the complete proviral genomes. avian leukosis virus subgroup j was identified by an immunofluorescence assay wi ...201829788333
molecular characterization of avipoxviruses circulating in mozambique, 2016-2018.samples from 45 chickens, two turkeys, one peacock and one quail with symptoms of fowlpox were collected in mozambique between november 2016 and january 2018. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the samples contained avipoxviruses belonging to both clade a1 and clade a2. in addition, all of the clade a1 viruses were positive by pcr for the integration of reticuloendotheliosis virus, while the clade a2 avipoxvirus samples were negative. this study confirms the circulation of clade a1 avipoxviruse ...201829737408
inhibition of v-rel-induced oncogenesis through microrna targeting.several studies have shown that microrna-targeting is an effective strategy for the selective control of tissue-tropism and pathogenesis of both dna and rna viruses. however, the exploitation of microrna-targeting for the inhibition of transformation by oncogenic viruses has not been studied. the v-rel oncoprotein encoded by reticuloendotheliosis virus t strain (rev-t) is a member of the rel/nf-κb family of transcription factors capable of transforming primary chicken spleen and bone marro ...201829734737
a multiplex xtag assay for the simultaneous detection of five chicken immunosuppressive viruses.chicken anemia virus (cav), avian reovirus (arv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), marek's disease virus (mdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) all cause immunosuppressive disease in birds through vertical or horizontal transmission. mixed infections with these immunosuppressive pathogens lead to atypical clinical signs and obstruct accurate diagnoses and epidemiological investigations. therefore, it is essential to develop a high-throughput assay for the simultaneous detection of th ...201830442149
reticuloendotheliosis virus inhibits the immune response acting on lymphocytes from peripheral blood of chicken.chicken reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes the atrophy of immune organs and immuno-suppression. the pathogenic mechanisms of rev are poorly understood. the aim of this study was to use rna sequencing to analyse the effect of rev on immunity and cell proliferation in chicken lymphocytes from peripheral bloodin vitro. overall, 2977 differentially expressed genes (degs) were examined from cells between infected with rev or no; 56 degs related to cell proliferation and 130 degs related to immu ...201829410628
survey of reticuloendotheliosis virus in wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) in texas, usa.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is an immunosuppressive and sometimes oncogenic avian retrovirus that establishes lifelong infection in a wide range of avian species. rev-infected wild birds roaming near at-risk captive flocks, such as is the case for the highly endangered attwater's prairie chicken (apc; tympanuchus cupido attwateri), could act as a reservoir for viral transmission. in wild birds, prevalence rates of rev are low and appearance of associated disease is uncommon. during 2016-17 ...201930557122
detection of fowlpox virus carrying distinct genome segments of reticuloendotheliosis virus.fowlpox virus (fwpv), the type species of the genus avipoxvirus family poxviridae, is a large double-stranded dna virus that causes fowlpox in chickens and turkeys. notably, sequences of the avian retrovirus reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) are frequently found integrated into the genome of fwpv. while some fwpv strains carry remnants of the rev long terminal repeats (ltrs), other strains have been shown to contain insertions of nearly the full-length rev provirus in their genome. in the presen ...201930359622
the emergence of the infection of subgroup j avian leucosis virus escalated the tumour incidence in commercial yellow chickens in southern china in recent years.a total of 81 clinical cases of suspected tumours were submitted to our laboratory from yellow chicken farms in southern china during the years 2010 through 2017. the tumour-like tissue samples were closely examined for common oncogenic avian viruses in cell culture and further analysed using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). during 2010-2012, marek's disease virus (mdv) mono-infection was found to be the dominant cause of the tumour incidences (52.4%, 11/21) followed by co-infection of mdv+alvs ...201930248239
lymphoproliferative disease virus in wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) from manitoba and quebec, canada.this study describes the first recognized clinical case of lymphoproliferative disease virus (lpdv) in canada and extends the range of lpdv in canada through its detection in manitoba and quebec. we assessed the prevalence of lpdv in eastern wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo silvestris) with the use of whole, clotted blood from live birds in manitoba (n = 65) and tissue samples collected postmortem in quebec (n = 4). we tested for lpdv proviral dna through pcr amplification and sequencing of a p ...201931967435
multicentric round cell neoplasms and their viral associations in wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) in the southeastern united states.multiple oncogenic viruses, including lymphoproliferative disease virus (lpdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), have been detected in wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo). the prevalence of infection with these viruses appears to be more common than overt disease; thus, data on the manifestation of associated disease in wild turkeys are scarce. diagnostic records from wild turkeys submitted to the southeastern cooperative wildlife disease study from 1980 to 2017 were reviewed to identify cas ...201931345138
detection of lymphoproliferative disease virus in canada in a survey for viruses in ontario wild turkeys ( meleagris gallopavo).the successful reintroduction of wild turkeys ( meleagris gallopavo) to ontario, canada, has led to established populations in southern portions of the province and currently allows for biannual hunting seasons. these populations geographically overlap domestic turkey farms, an important sector of the provincial agri-food industry. potential pathogen transmission between wild turkeys and domestic turkeys ( meleagris gallopavo) is a concern, because they are susceptible to infection with many of ...201930124393
epidemiological investigation of the novel genotype avian hepatitis e virus and co-infected immunosuppressive viruses in farms with hepatic rupture haemorrhage syndrome, recently emerged in china.since 2016, hepatic rupture haemorrhage syndrome (hrhs) appeared in chickens of china and caused huge economic loss. to assess the infection status of the avian hepatitis e virus (hev) and co-infected viruses, including avian leukosis virus (alv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), fowl adenovirus (fadv), and chicken infectious anaemia virus (ciav), in farms with hrhs, 180 liver samples were collected from 24 farms in different provinces and detected by strict molecular virology methods. results ...201930484967
increased horizontal transmission of recombinant marek's disease virus due to reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat is the major competitive advantage of the virus being a prevalent strain.gx0101 is the first field marek's disease virus (mdv) recombinant with an rev ltr insert isolated in china. we speculated that there was a selective advantage of gx0101 becoming the more prevalent field strain from a very low percentage of recombinant virus. in the study, dual fluorescence quantitative real-time pcr (df-qpcr) that detects gx0101 and gx0101δltr simultaneously was established based on the genomic difference of gx0101 and its ltr deletion strain gx0101δltr. mdv natural transmission ...201931921027
detection and molecular characterization of a natural coinfection of marek's disease virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus in brazilian backyard chicken flock.marek's disease virus (mdv) and the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) are two of the primary oncogenic viruses that significantly affect chickens. in brazil, there have been no previous published reports on the presence of field rev alone or in coinfection. this retrospective study analyzes samples from a case of lymphoproliferative lesions from a backyard chicken flock. mdv and rev were detected by pcr and classified as mdv1 and rev3, respectively, through sequencing and phylogenetic analysis b ...201931756886
a high frequency of gallid herpesvirus-2 co-infection with reticuloendotheliosis virusis associated with high tumor rates in chinese chicken farms.the prevalence of marek's disease (md) caused by gallid herpesvirus-2 (gahv-2) has been increasing in chickens in china despite universal vaccination. among the possible reasons for this trend, of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) contamination in vaccines could lead to co-infection and reduce the vaccine efficacy. here, we report the epidemiological findings of our continuous surveillance of md, and an examination of the effects of rev and/or gahv-2 co-infection. a total of 1230 samples were co ...201931585637
proteome analysis of reticuloendotheliosis-virus-infected chicken embryo fibroblast cells through itraq-based quantitative proteomics.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is an important representative avian retrovirus. to improve our understanding of the host cellular responses to virus infection and the pathogenesis of rev infection, we applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (itraq) labeling coupled with multidimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect changes in protein levels in chicken embryo fibroblast cells (cefs) that were infected with rev or mock infected. in total, 605 c ...201931576460
histologic findings and viral antigen distribution in natural coinfection of layer hens with subgroup j avian leukosis virus, marek's disease virus, and reticuloendotheliosis virus.we investigated the histologic findings and viral antigen distribution in 3 cases of natural coinfection of layer hens with subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j), marek's disease virus (mdv), and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) in hens. at autopsy, diseased hens were found to have hepatosplenomegaly and thickened proventriculi, with white tumor nodules in the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and ovary. microscopically, most tissues had been infiltrated by neoplastic lymphocytes; the spleen, lung ...201931378167
serological and molecular identification of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) in chickens in sudan.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is a gammaretrovirus that belongs to the family of retroviridae. the infection can result in immunosuppression, runting syndrome, high mortality, acute reticular cell neoplasia or t- and/ or b-cell lymphoma, in a variety of domestic and wild birds. the disease is widespread around the world. no related data have been reported in sudan about the disease. the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of rev antibodies and dna in local and commercial ...201931347279
transcriptional analysis of host responses related to immunity in chicken spleen tissues infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus strain snv.in avian species, the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes severe immunosuppression and other symptoms, including avian dwarfing syndrome, and chronic tumors in lymphoid and other tissues. the pathogenesis of rev and its interaction with the host have yet to be fully elucidated with transcriptional studies on the changes in host gene expression after rev infection at the body level. in this study, the spleen necrosis virus (snv) was used to inoculate the one-day-old specific pathogen free (s ...201931228642
changes in apoptosis, proliferation and t lymphocyte subtype on thymic cells of spf chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), an avian retrovirus is able to infect a variety of birds and can cause immunosuppression. the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of thymic lymphocytes apoptosis, proliferation and t cell subtype with immunosuppression. in this study, a hundred and twenty one-day old spf chickens were randomly divided into control groups (group c) and a rev infection groups (group i). the chickens of group i received intraperitoneal injections of rev with 104. ...201931048099
assessment on reticuloendotheliosis virus infection in specific-pathogen-free chickens based on detection of yolk antibody.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is the most frequent exogenous virus that contaminates attenuated vaccines. therefore, it is extremely important to select rev-free specific-pathogen-free (spf) chicken embryos. generally, rev infection is assessed by detecting rev antibodies in spf chickens. this present study seeks to evaluate rev infection by replacing serum antibody detection with yolk antibody detection. a cohort of 40 nineteen-week-old spf chickens were artificially inoculated with rev, wi ...201931009463
integrated analysis of mirna and mrna expression profiles in spleen of specific pathogen-free chicken infected with avian reticuloendotheliosis virus strain snv.the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) primarily causes avian severe immunosuppression, in addition to other symptoms, which include avian dwarfing syndrome and chronic tumors in lymphoid and other tissue. to date, rev's molecular mechanisms leading to immunosuppression have not been fully elucidated. in the current study, we aimed to elucidate the role of micrornas (mirna) in regulating gene expression during rev infections. therefore, we used a high-dose spleen necrosis virus (snv) model of rev ...201930818863
genetic characterization of reticuloendotheliosis virus in chickens in thailand.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes an immunosuppressive, runting, and oncogenic disease in poultry, posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. in thailand, an unidentified disease associated with runting-stunting syndrome and neoplasia, resembling rev infection, has been continuously observed in several chicken farms. however, rev infection in thailand has never been reported. in this study, we investigated the occurrence and genetic characteristics of revs in chickens in thailan ...201930668827
emergence of spontaneously occurring neoplastic disease caused by reticuloendotheliosis virus in breeding muscovy ducks in china, 2019.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) has a wide range of avian hosts leading to reticuloendotheliosis, and its characteristic of vertical transmission makes it to be one of the most important diseases in breeder avian populations. up to date, reports on neoplastic disease caused by rev in breeding ducks are few. here, spontaneously occurring neoplastic disease caused by rev in breeding muscovy ducks was reported in guangdong province, china. the most significant gross lesions of sick ducks were tum ...202032068970
detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus in muscovy ducks, wild turkeys, and chickens in brazil.reticuloendotheliosis viruses (revs) are known to cause immunosuppressive and oncogenic disease that affects numerous avian species. reticuloendotheliosis viruses are present worldwide and recently have been reported in south america with cases of infected commercial flocks in argentina. we surveyed for the presence of rev in birds from a state in the northern region of brazil using real-time pcr. we report here the presence of rev in brazil, detected in muscovy ducks (cairina moschata), wild tu ...202031917630
changes in oxidation-antioxidation function on the thymus of chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is a retrovirus that causes severe immunosuppression in poultry. animals grow slowly under conditions of oxidative stress. in addition, long-term oxidative stress can impair immune function, as well as accelerate aging and death. this study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of rev from the perspective of changes in oxidative-antioxidative function following rev infection.202033308224
an outbreak in three-yellow chickens with clinical tumors of high mortality caused by the coinfection of reticuloendotheliosis virus and marek's disease virus: a speculated reticuloendotheliosis virus contamination plays an important role in the case.both reticuloendotheliosis and marek's disease are neoplastic diseases of chickens caused by reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and marek's disease virus (mdv), respectively. the infection of rev or mdv may lead to clinical tumors and also result in immunosuppression and easily allow secondary infection by other pathogens. here, we investigated a breeder flock of three-yellow chickens in southern china that had been vaccinated with cvi988/rispens at hatching and had experienced depression, weakne ...202033357681
two cases of marek's disease in backyard turkeys.in two independent submissions, a 3-yr-old, dead bourbon red turkey tom from a zoo and a royal palm turkey hen from a backyard flock were submitted for necropsy. both birds had been kept together with chickens. findings of the necropsy of the first turkey were an enlarged and dark liver with many pale white foci and a few small white nodules, pale and enlarged spleen, prominent thymus, mottled and pale kidneys, and pale and enlarged testes. findings of the necropsy of the second turkey were a da ...202033205183
novel cyclovirus identified in broiler chickens with transmissible viral proventriculitis in china.in october 2018, an outbreak of transmissible viral proventriculitis (tvp) occurred in 30-day-old commercial broiler chickens on a farm in weifang, china. tvp, an infectious viral disease characterized by runting and stunting, is associated with many viruses, and has a significant economic impact on the global poultry industry. tvp is diagnosed according to clinical symptoms, gross and histological lesions, and negative pcr results for pathogenic bacteria, avian leukosis virus subgroup j, marek' ...202033134354
an optimized secretory expression system and immunogenicity evaluation for glycosylated gp90 of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus.reticuloendotheliosis is an important immunosuppressive disease, associated with avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection, and causes notable economic losses worldwide. glycoprotein gp90 is an important structural protein of rev, and considered to be the most important immunogenic antigen, which can induce neutralizing antibodies against rev. in this study, an optimized suspension culture system was developed and applied to secretory express the immunogenic surface antigen gp90. to achi ...202033076991
molecular detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus 5' long terminal repeat integration in the genome of avipoxvirus field strains from different avian species in egypt.avipoxviruses (apvs) are among the most complex viruses that infect a wide range of birds' species. the infection by apvs is often associated with breathing and swallowing difficulties, reduced growth, decreased egg production, and high mortalities in domestic poultry. in the present study, 200 cutaneous nodular samples were collected from different avian species (chicken, pigeon, turkey, and canary) suspected to be infected with apvs from dakahlia governorate, egypt. pooled samples (n = 40) wer ...202032878059
genetic variability of the avian leukosis virus subgroup j gp85 gene in layer flocks in lower egypt.this study aimed to determine the prevalence of layer flock tumor disease in lower egypt during the period of 2018-2019 and to undertake molecular characterization and determine the genetic diversity of all identified viruses.202032801556
development and application of an mrt-qpcr assay for detecting coinfection of six vertically transmitted or immunosuppressive avian viruses.marek's disease virus (mdv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), avian reovirus (arv), chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), and fowl adenovirus (fadv) are important causes of disease in poultry. to investigate the infection status of the above six viruses in chickens in china, 1,187 samples from chicken flocks were collected and tested using a newly developed multiplex reverse-transcription quantitative real-time pcr (mrt-qpcr) assay in the study. a seri ...202032765453
safety and efficacy evaluation of recombinant marek's disease virus with rev-ltr.recently, chickens vaccinated with the cvi988/rispens vaccine showed increased tumor incidence. moreover, many strains of marek's disease virus (mdv) that were naturally integrated with the long terminal repeat (ltr) of the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) have been isolated, which means it is necessary to develop a new vaccine. in this study, two ltr sequences were inserted into rispens to construct a recombinant mdv (rmdv). then, the safety and efficacy of rmdv were evaluated separately ...202032698460
prevention of avian retrovirus infection in chickens using crispr-cas9 delivered by marek's disease virus.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is an avian retrovirus that causes an oncogenic, immunosuppressive, and runting-stunting syndrome in avian hosts. the co-infection of rev and marek's disease virus (mdv), an oncogenic herpesvirus in chickens, further increases disease severity and reduces mdv vaccine efficacy. the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr)-cas9 system has successfully been used against pathogens in mammalian cells. however, the large size of the crispr-ca ...202032650233
gut microbiota profiles of commercial laying hens infected with tumorigenic viruses.studies have shown that some viral infections cause structural changes in the intestinal microflora, but little is known about the effects of tumorigenic viral infection on the intestinal microflora of chickens.202032600312
an atypical clinicopathological manifestation of fowlpox virus associated with reticuloendotheliosis virus in commercial laying hen flocks in brazil.fowlpox (fp) is a common epitheliotropic disease in chickens that is usually controlled by live attenuated vaccines. however, there have been some reports of outbreaks of fp in recent years, even in vaccinated flocks, presenting as atypical lesions and feathering abnormalities in chickens. these findings can be associated with fowlpox virus (fpv) with the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) integrated into its genome. in the present study, outbreaks of atypical fp were explored in vaccinated comme ...202032519513
changes in the percentages of b- and t-lymphocytes and antibody titres in laying hens infested with dermanyssus gallinae-a preliminary study.(1) background: dermanyssus gallinae, a hematophagous ectoparasite, adversely affects the health status of laying hens, leading to reduced egg production and significant economic losses in commercial farms. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of d. gallinae on the development of post-vaccination immune responses in layer hens. (2) methods: a total of 80 blood samples were collected at four time-points (b1-b4) from 10 hy-line brown hens, randomly selected from a commercial layer far ...202032517104
avian leukosis virus subgroup j and reticuloendotheliosis virus coinfection induced trim62 regulation of the actin cytoskeleton.coinfection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is common in chickens, and the molecular mechanism of the synergistic pathogenic effects of the coinfection is not clear. exosomes have been identified as new players in the pathogenesis of retroviruses. the different functions of exosomes depend on their cargo components.202032476322
trim62 from chicken as a negative regulator of reticuloendotheliosis virus replication.emerging evidence suggests that the tripartite motif containing 62 (trim62), a member of the trim family, plays an important role in antiviral processes. the objective of the study was to explore the role of trim62 in reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection and its potential molecular mechanism. we first demonstrated that the rev infection affected the trim62 expression first upregulated and then downregulated in cef cells. next, we evaluated the effect of trim62 on viral replication. overex ...202032318585
potential role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the pathogenesis of marek's disease.marek's disease virus (mdv) can cause malignant t-cell lymphomas and immunosuppression in chickens. macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) not only plays a critical role in inhibiting t-cell responses, but also contributes to multiple aspects of tumour progression. the aim of this study was to reveal the potential role of mif in the pathogenesis of mdv infection.202032258797
isolation and pathogenicity testing of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus from layer chickens in china.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) can cause runting, immunosuppression, acute reticulum cell neoplasia, and chronic lymphoid tumors in a variety of domestic and wild birds. we diagnosed a case of reticuloendotheliosis with obvious tumors in liver and kidney. we isolated and sequenced the virus and performed pathogenicity testing of the rev strain. immunohistochemistry and pcr confirmed that the diseased layer chickens were infected with rev. the strain, named bj1503, was successfully isolated fr ...202032233842
regulatory mechanism of microrna-155 in chicken embryo fibroblasts in response to reticuloendotheliosis virus infection.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection of multiple avian species can lead to a number of diseases such as runting syndrome, immunosuppression and oncogenesis, causing major economic losses. micrornas play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation, effectively inhibiting protein synthesis, and participating in many biological processes in cells, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipometabolism, virus infection and replication, and tumorigenesis. based on our previ ...202032122614
first report on molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of reticuloendotheliosis virus in sudan.the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) group of retroviruses infects a wide range of avian species, including chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, quail, and prairie chickens. the infection can result in immunosuppression, runting syndrome, high mortality, acute reticular cell neoplasia, or t- and/or b-cell lymphoma. one pcr positive chicken spleen sample obtained in a previous study in addition to one marek's disease and three fowl pox (fp) vaccine samples were investigated in this study. a pcr assa ...202032040658
reemergence of reticuloendotheliosis virus and marek's disease virus co-infection in yellow-chickens in southern china.the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and the marek's disease virus (mdv) cause reticuloendotheliosis (re) and marek's disease (md) in poultry, respectively. according to epidemiological results obtained in our laboratory from 2010 to 2017, the positive rates of rev and mdv co-infection remained at low levels. in the present study, during the period of october 2018 to july 2020, 4 clinical cases with high morbidity (5%-20%) and mortality (2%-10%), caused by the co-infection of rev and vv+ mdv-li ...202134174570
gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 in the egyptian turkeys: molecular characterization and establishment of a universal system for phylogenetic classification.gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (gahv-2) is a highly contagious oncogenic virus that causes marek's disease in chickens and occasionally in turkeys. among 100 genes identified in gahv-2 genome, the meq gene appears to involve viral virulence, oncogenicity, and genetic diversity. despite the use of meq gene sequences in phylogenetic classification of gahv-2 strains circulating in many countries worldwide, no integrated system exists yet.202134023833
tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic analysis of chicken bursa of fabricius infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is a type c avian retrovirus that causes immunosuppression, dwarf syndrome, and lymphoma in infected hosts. in this study, we used tandem mass tag (tmt) labeling and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) to characterize protein alterations in chicken bursa of fabricius, before and after rev infection at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. our data showed that 1,127, 999, 910, and 1,138 differentially expressed proteins were significantly altered at 7, 14 ...202134113672
expression analysis of genes related to lipid metabolism in peripheral blood lymphocytes of chickens challenged with reticuloendotheliosis virus.the underlying molecular mechanism of lipid metabolism in peripheral blood lymphocytes from chicken infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) remains poorly understood. therefore, this scientific question was explored in vitro and in vivo. the results indicated that triglyceride content was significantly reduced, but the free fatty acid content and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 activity were significantly increased in blood lymphocytes after rev infection. by rna sequencing, 97 known di ...202133813326
research note: simultaneous detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus, fowlpox virus, and reticuloendotheliosis virus in chicken specimens.infectious laryngotracheitis (ilt), fowlpox (fp), and reticuloendotheliosis are important poultry diseases caused by gallid herpesvirus 1 (iltv), fowlpox virus (fwpv), and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), respectively. coinfections with iltv and fwpv occur naturally in chickens, and fp in its more virulent wet form is characterized by diphtheritic lesions and easily confused with ilt. moreover, the insertion of only partial rev-ltr or a nearly full-length rev into the fwpv genome, located betw ...202133647723
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