Publications

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mutagenic effect of a carcinogen, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, in bacteriophage t4. 19705410806
requirement for cellular interaction in the antibody response to bacteriophage t4 in mice. 19705411502
a factor preventing the major head protein of bacteriophage t4 from random aggregation. 19705413343
deficiency of double mutant recombinants in crosses of phage t4. 19705415251
phenotypic reversion by hydroxylamine. a new group of suppressible phage t4 rii mutants. 19705422475
inactivation of urea-treated phage t4 by phosphatidylglycerol. 19705422724
disappearance of 131 i-labeled thyroxine (131 i-t4) from agar pellets implanted in the hypothalamus of rats. 19705423321
cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage t4. 19705432063
sensitized photoinactivation of bacteriophage t4. 19705435554
the lysis mechanism of phage t4: mutants affecting lysis. 19705437792
natural occurrence of cross-linked vaccinia virus deoxyribonucleic acid.the molecular weight of native vaccinia deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) is 1 to 1.17 times that of native t4 dna. sedimentation of denatured vaccinia dna through alkaline sucrose gradients yields an apparent molecular weight greater than twice that of denatured t4 dna, implying that the complementary strands of vaccinia dna do not separate upon denaturation. when alkali-denatured vaccinia dna is neutralized, it has the physical chemical properties of native dna when tested by sedimentation through n ...19705438108
differences in primary cellular factors influencing the metabolism and distribution of 3,5,3'-l-triiodothyronine and l-thyroxine.administration of phenobarbital, which acts exclusively on cellular sites, results in an augmentation of the liver/plasma concentration ratio of l-thyroxine (t4) in rats but no change in the liver/plasma concentration ratio of l-triiodothyronine (t3). whereas phenobarbital stimulates the fecal clearance rate both of t3 and t4, it increases the deiodinative clearance rate of t4 only. these findings suggest basic differences in the cellular metabolism of t3 and t4. further evidence pointing to cel ...19705441537
a factor required for the translation of bacteriophage f2 rna in extracts of t4-infected cells. 19705443705
control of translation by t4 phage: altered binding of disfavoured messengers. 19705444623
control of translation of t4 phage: altered ribosome binding at r17 initiation sites. 19705444624
transcription during bacteriophage t4 development: a demonstration that distinct subclasses of the "early" rna appear at different times and that some are "turned off" at late times. 19705447821
function of t4 gene 55. i. characterization of temperature-sensitive mutations in the "maturation" gene 55. 19705447827
function of t4 gene 55. ii. rna synthesis by temperature-sensitive gene 55 mutants. 19705447828
relationship between gene 55 function, late transcription and an intermediate in the replication of bacteriophage t4 dna. 19705447829
conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in normal human subjects.the conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine, previously demonstrated in athyreotic human subjects, has been investigated in normal subjects who were given intravenous injections of purified thyroxine labeled with carbon-14 in ring a and in the alanine side chain. evidence for the conversion of t4 to t3 was provided by the finding of carbon-14 in the t3 fraction isolated from serums. it is estimated that an appreciable fraction of t4 may be transformed to t3 in normal man.19705449321
temporary arrest of maturable precursor synthesis in some temperature-sensitive mutants of phage t4. 19705450389
rates of bacteriophage t4 rna chain growth in vitro. 19705450516
form-determining function of the genes required for the assembly of the head of bacteriophage t4. 19705450520
effect of x-irradiation on gene function in bacteriophage t4. 19705451815
the effects of ultraviolet irradiation on the transcription of t4 dna. 19705453524
t4 bacteriophage gene 32: a structural protein in the replication and recombination of dna. 19705455134
replacement of all tryptophan residues in t4 bacteriophage lysozyme by tyrosine residues. 19705460304
in vitro induction of a primary response to the dinitrophenyl determinant.primary antibody response against the dinitrophenyl group has been elicited in vitro after the stimulation of normal mouse spleen explants with 2,4-dinitrophenyl (dnp)-hemocyanin or alpha-dnp-poly-l-lysine (pll). antibodies were detected in the culture medium by the inactivation of dnp-t4 phage. the specificity of the reaction was manifested by the lack of the capacity of the medium to inactivate the unmodified bacteriophage and by the inhibition of the inactivation of dnp-t4 with dnp-lysine.19705460614
the amino acid sequence of t4 phage lysozyme. i. tryptic digestion. 19705470815
the amino acid sequence of t4 phage lysozyme. ii. chymotryptic digestion. 19705470816
the amino acid sequence of t4 phage lysozyme. iv. dilute acid hydrolysis and the order of tryptic peptides. 19705470817
properties of bacteriophage t4 mutants defective in dna polymerase. 19705474826
kinetics and intermediates in the intracellular synthesis of bacteriophage t4 deoxyribonucleic acid. 19705476915
effects of 9-aminoacridine on bacteriophage t4 deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. 19705476916
adjacent effect on suppression efficiency. ii. study on ochre and amber mutants of t4 phage lysozyme. 19705480467
bacteriophage t4 mutants unable to exclude gene 56 of t2 from the progeny of crosses. 19705480478
the size of the rii region of bacteriophage t4. 19705483264
initiation of the polypeptide chain in the rii b cistron of bacteriophage t4. 19705485909
polynucleotide kinase mutant of bacteriophage t4. 19705491724
polysomal distribution of late bacteriophage t4 messenger rna. 19705492611
morphogenesis of the tail fibre of bacteriophage t4: isolation and characterization of a component (the gene 34 product). 19705492612
structural proteins of bacteriophage t4. 19705493282
frameshift mutation in the lysozyme gene of bacteriophage t4: demonstration of the insertion of five bases, and a summary of in vivo codons and lysozyme activities. 19705494033
a semiautomated method for the determination of serum thyroxine (t4) without incineration. 19705496579
morphogenesis of the tail fiber of bacteriophage t4. ii. isolation and characterization of a component (the genes 35-36-37-38 directing half fiber). 19705497289
determination of the mutagenic activity to bacteriophage t4 of carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic compounds. 19705497717
incorporation of deoxyribonucleic acid precursors by t4 deoxyribonucleic acid-protein complexes retained on glass fiber filters.bacteriophage t4 deoxyribonucleic acid (dna)-protein complexes were retained preferentially on glass fiber filters. dna polymerase activity in the complex was detected through the incorporation of (3)h-labeled dna precursors. the primer-product dna hybridized with both phage and escherichia coli dna. density labeling experiments showed that about 30% of incorporated (3)h-deoxyadenosine triphosphate was found in dna which hybridized with phage dna; this dna was found to be covalently attached to ...19705497903
on the mechnaism of radiosensitization by 5-bromouracil. the occurrence of dna strand breaks in u.v.-irradiated phage t4 as influenced by cysteamine. 19705498540
genetic alterations of the rii b cistron polypeptide of phage t4. 19705512468
[new results on the form inheritance of phage t4]. 19705513572
recombination of bacteriophage t4 stimulated by 9-aminoacridine. 19705518506
determination of gene product positions in bacteriophage t4 by specific antibody association. 19705530395
[serum thyroxine (t4) determination]. 19705534708
separation of thyroxine(t4)-binding proteins of human serum in polyacrylamide gel at ph 7.4. i. effect of ph on distrubution of tracer quantities of t4. 19704984013
resistance of escherichia coli to penicillins. 8. physiology of a class ii ampicillin-resistant mutant.class ii ampicillin-resistant mutants of escherichia coli are defined as having a twofold increase in penicillinase-mediated ampicillin resistance when determined by colony formation tests on plates. in this paper, one class ii mutant has been compared to its parent strain. in liquid medium, the mutant was less resistant than the parent strain both in the absence and in the presence of r1 and r-factor mediating penicillinase activity. the penicillinase activity was found to be almost completely ...19704985589
template properties of complementary fractions of denatured microbial deoxyribonucleic acids.dna preparations from seven bacterial species and from e. coli phage t4, and also the complementary l and h fractions into which these dna specimens, after denaturation, were separated by chromatography on methylated albumin-kieselguhr columns, were studied as templates in the rna polymerase system, and the nucleotide composition of the rna products was determined. the rna transcripts of the separated l and h fractions were found to be faithful copies of the respective dna fractions. this sugges ...19704985881
conversion of thyroxine (t4) to triiodothyronine (t3) in athyreotic human subjects.studies of the possibility that thyroxine (t4) is converted to 3.5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine (t3) in the extrathyroidal tissues in man have been conducted in 13 patients, all but two of whom were athyreotic or hypothyroid, and all of whom were receiving at least physiological replacement doses of synthetic sodium-l-thyroxine.t3 was found in the sera of all patients, in concentrations ranging between 243 and 680 ng/100 ml (normal range 170-270 ng/100 ml). these concentrations were far in excess of t ...19704986007
familial thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency.genetically determined thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency is described in two families in the united kingdom. all subjects in both pedigrees were euthyroid. transmission was by sex-linkage; males showed low serum protein bound iodine and high thyroxine (t4) resin uptake due to complete absence of serum thryroxine-binding globulin; females were less severely affected. the distinctive biochemical results disclosed the diagnosis and emphasize that serum protein bound iodine levels should be inte ...19704987801
early intracellular events in the replication of t4 bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid. vii. 32p suicide stabilization.the relationship between (32)p suicide stabilization and deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) replication during infection of escherichia coli by bacteriophage t4 was reinvestigated. replication of the parental phage dna was detected at early stages of stabilization.19704989103
observations on the maturation of thyroid function in early fetal life.serum samples were obtained from 21 normal human fetuses after therapeutic abortion for psychiatric indications. fetal crown-rump length ranged from 5.2 to 22.5 cm, corresponding to the gestational age of 65-168 days.serum thyroxine, assayed by a modification of the murphy-pattee method, was identified in the second smallest fetus examined at 78 days gestation. thereafter it increased rapidly, maintaining a significant linear correlation with crown-rump length until term (r = 0.800, p < 0.001). ...19704989616
cryptic mutants of bacteriophage t4. 19704933467
the identification of complex genotypes in bacteriophage t4. i. methods. 19704933468
recombination in bacteriophage t4. 19704936424
the selective inhibition of protein initiation by t4 phage-induced factors.the phenomenon of selective translation of t4 template rna by ribosomes from t4-infected cells, or factors derived therefrom, has been extended to studies on the initiation of protein synthesis. a high-salt extract derived from t4-infected ribosomes inhibits the formation of initiation complexes of ms2 and escherichia coli template rna with uninfected ribosomes while efficiently supporting the formation of initiation complexes with t4 template rna. t4 factors also permit t5 template rna to bind ...19704943180
the chain growth rate of t4 lysozyme in vitro.the average interval between attachment of a 30s ribosomal subunit to bacteriophage t4 lysozyme mrna and the completion of synthesis of lysozyme protein has been measured in vitro. the measured completion times yield rates of polypeptide chain propagation of 1.6 and 3.0 amino acids per second at 25 degrees c and 31 degrees c, respectively.19705263772
suppression of chemical mutagenesis in bacteriophage t4 by genetically modified dna polymerases.two antimutagenic dna polymerases of bacteriophage t4 markedly reduce transition mutagenesis by a variety of chemical mutagens. spontaneous mutation and mutagenesis by 2-aminopurine, 5-bromodeoxyuridine, and thymine deprivation are strongly suppressed. mutagenesis at g:c sites by ethyl methanesulfonate, and at a:t sites by nitrous acid, is moderately suppressed. mutagenesis at g:c sites by hydroxylamine and by nitrous acid is not suppressed. these results support the notion that the indispensabl ...19705269245
polynucleotide ligase-catalyzed joining of deoxyribo-oligonucleotides on ribopolynucleotide templates and of ribo-oligonucleotides on deoxyribopolynucleotide templates.t4 polynucleotide ligase efficiently catalyzes the head-to-tail joining of the ribo-oligoadenylates, r-(pa)(8) and r-(pa)(10), in the presence of high molecular weight deoxypolythymidylate. the enzyme also catalyzes the joining of deoxy-oligothymidylates, e.g., d-(pt)(10), in the presence of ribopolyadenylate. the enzyme failed to bring about the joining of r-(pa)(10) when poly r-u was used as the template, although a slow formation of the expected activated intermediate from r-(pa)(10) was dete ...19705272330
transcriptions of the bacteriophage t4 template in vitro: separation of "delayed early" from "immediate early" transcription.the synthesis of different early t4 transcripts by e. coli rna polymerase in vitro can be dissociated in two ways: (1) when t4 dna is mechanically degraded, it selectively loses the ability to serve as a template for the transcription of delayed early t4 rna; (2) when initiation of rna synthesis on intact t4 dna is limited to a very short time interval immediate early t4 rna is synthesized at once but delayed early polynucleotide sequences appear only after a time lag. we conclude that initiatio ...19705273895
detection of bacteriophage t4- and t5-coded transfer rnas.a hybridization procedure using mixtures of radioactive aminoacyl-trna is described for detecting new phage-induced trna species. five phage-coded trna species have been identified from t4 phage infected bacteria and 14 from t5 phage infected cells.19705274446
studies on polynucleotides, c. a novel joining reaction catalyzed by the t4-polynucleotide ligase.the polynucleotide ligase isolated from t4-infected escherichia coli was previously shown to bring about repair of breaks in the single strands of bihelical dna. the present work shows that the enzyme can also catalyze the joining of dna duplexes at their base-paired ends. this novel reaction occurs when the deoxynucleoside at a 5'-end carries a phosphate group and the complementary deoxynucleoside opposite to it carries a 3'-hydroxyl group. the consequence is the lengthening of the original dup ...19705274471
t4 endonuclease involved in repair of dna.an enzyme activity, named t4 endonuclease v, was purified from t4-infected escherichia coli. the enzyme induces single-stranded breaks in ultraviolet-irradiated dna but does not act on native or heat-denatured dna. the enzyme activity is dependent on the dose of ultraviolet irradiation, and the number of the breaks formed is approximately equal to the number of pyrimidine dimers present in the dna. denatured dna, which has been exposed to ultraviolet light, is also attacked by the enzyme althoug ...19705275382
molecular recombination in t4 bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid: iii. formation of long single strands during recombination.evidence was presented to support the hypothesis that long single strands appearing at late times (15 min after infection) are produced as a result of recombination and not as a continuous elongation during the replication process. the production of long strands does not depend on the multiplicity of infection, and the first long strands appear at the time when 20 to 50 phage equivalent units of deoxyribonucleic (dna) are synthesized, and not earlier. the addition of chloramphenicol at 5 min, wh ...197016789127
uag suppressor coded by bacteriophage t4. 197011947348
on a modification of the gene product p23 according to its use as subunit of either normal capsids of phage t4 or of polyheads. 197011947554
role of initiation factor b (f3) in the preferential translation of t4 late messenger rna in t4 infected e. coli. 197011947674
the association of host and phage dna with the membrane of escherichia coli.the attachment of dna to membrane in t4-infected cells was investigated by means of the mg2+-sarkosyl crystals technique. both parental and progeny phage dna are associated with cell membrane throughout the eclipse period and are subsequently detached during the synthesis of mature phage. the initial attachment process does not require protein synthesis. detachment appears to be due to a "late function" since it does not occur following infection with a do mutant (amn82) or after treatment with ...197018620699
infection of actinomycin-permeable mutants of escherichia coli with urea-disrupted bacteriophage.intact cells of actinomycin-permeable mutants of escherichia coli could be infected with urea-disrupted phage t4 (designated as t4pi). the parental strains and the revertants, which are impermeable to actinomycin, were not susceptible to t4pi unless they had been treated with agents which altered their permeability. the permeable mutants developed competence for pi infection during the growth cycle; cells in the early stationary phase produced 10- to 100-fold more plaques on plating with t4pi th ...19714100344
[determination of blood thyroxine by res-o-mat t4]. 19714100478
size and composition of marek's disease virus deoxyribonucleic acid.deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) extracted from purified nucleocapsids of marek's disease herpesvirus (mdv) was cosedimented with t4 and with herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna in neutral sucrose density gradients and with t4 dna in alkaline sucrose density gradients. these experiments indicated that the intact mdv dna had a sedimentation constant of 56s corresponding to a molecular weight of 1.2 x 10(8) daltons. in the alkaline gradients, the largest and most prominent band contains a dna sedimenting at ...19714101222
thyrotrophin and the t3-t4 ratio. 19714103093
isolation of bacteriophages t2 and t4 attached to the outer membrane of escherichia coli.phage t2 or t4 was adsorbed to escherichia coli, and the outer (l) membrane was then isolated with the phage still attached in their usual postinjection appearance. t2 was readily inactivated by isolated cell walls but very poorly by purified l membrane. t4 was inactivated by neither.19714104256
[critical remark on in vitro thyroid tests (t3- and t4- test)]. 19714104510
preparation and properties of thyroxine-binding alpha globulin (tbg).thyroxine-binding alpha globulin (tbg) in human serum was isolated from cohn fractions iv-5,6 and iv-4 by (1) chromatography on carboxymethyl (cm) cellulose, (2) gel filtration on sephadex g-200, (3) chromatography on diethylaminoethyl-sephadex, (4) a novel procedure of "double-gel" electrophoresis, and (5) preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the protein was homogeneous by analytical disc gel electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, and ultracentrifugal analyses (sedimentation velocit ...19714106464
[quantitative determination of serum thyroxine by res-o-mat t4]. 19714106513
inactive t4 progeny virus formation in a temperature-sensitive mutant of escherichia coli k12. 19714108181
practical procedures for the purification of bacterial viruses.the efficiencies of the various methods used for phage concentration have been compared. the two-phase concentration method (with polyethylene glycol and dextran sulfate) gave maximal recoveries of infectivity for coliphages of the t-even and t-odd series and for ribonucleic acid phages and single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid phages. precipitation of phages by acid gave high yields when applied to t2 and t4 phages but not with t3 and t7 coliphages. differential centrifugation was efficient whe ...19714108648
on the fragility of phage t4-related particles. 19714109483
effect of polymyxin on the bacteriophage receptors of the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria.treatment of gram-negative bacteria with lethal doses of polymyxin b and colistin resulted in the formation of projections of the outer layer of the cell wall. phages t3, t4, and t7, which use wall lipopolysaccharide as receptors, were specifically prevented from adsorbing to escherichia coli b cells treated with polymyxin, whereas phages t1, t2, t5, and t6 were not. in the systems of phage p22c-salmonella typhimurium lt2 and phage c21-s. typhimurium variant sl1069, the phage were prevented from ...19714109866
attachment of flagellar basal bodies to the cell envelope: specific attachment to the outer, lipopolysaccharide membrane and the cyoplasmic membrane.a procedure is described for the purification of the escherichia coli outer membrane (lipopolysaccharide or l membrane) with flagella still attached. the resulting lipopolysaccharide membrane was in the form of vesicles that had a trilaminar structure in thin section and contained about 55% lipopolysaccharide and 45% protein. t2 or t4 phage preadsorbed to e. coli were found attached to the purified lipopolysaccharide membrane. flagella were bound to the purified lipopolysaccharide membrane speci ...19714250610
switch in the synthesis of early to late proteins of t4 bacteriophage. 19714268984
size, composition, and structure of the deoxyribonucleic acid of herpes simplex virus subtypes 1 and 2.studies of the size, composition, and structure of the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) of the f and g prototypes of herpes simplex virus (hsv) subtypes 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) showed the following. (i) as previously reported by good-heart et al. hsv-1 and hsv-2 dna have a buoyant density of 1.726 and 1.728 g/cm(3), corresponding to 67 and 69 guanine +/- cytosine moles per cent, respectively. the difference in guanine plus cytosine content of the dna species was confirmed by the finding of a 1 c di ...19714329966
the influence of neighboring base pairs upon base-pair substitution mutation rates.the 2-aminopurine-induced transition, a.t --> g.c, was studied at particular sites in bacteriophage t4 as a function of the nearby base-pair composition of the dna. changing a base pair changed the transition rate at the adjacent base pair up to 23-fold, and at the next base pair by a lesser amount. destabilization was achieved by replacing an a.t base pair by a g.c base pair.19715279518
a method for the detection of specific t4 messenger rnas by hybridization competition. 19715095902
the initial step of in vitro synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid by the t4 deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. 19715096088
pre-replicative development of the bacteriophage t4: rna and protein synthesis in vivo and in vitro. 19715099296
transcription and translation of sheared bacteriophage t4 dna in vitro. 19715099297
delayed vaginal opening in the rat following pharmacologic doses of t4 administered during the neonatal period. 19715102839
initiation of ribosome-dependent breakdown of t4-specific messenger rna. 19715110312
[induction of primary response to t4 phage in a perfusion chamber using macro- and microphages (preliminary report)]. 19715113365
bisulfite mutagenesis in bacteriophage t4. 19715120657
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