Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| isotopic investigation of niche partitioning among native carnivores and the non-native coyote (canis latrans). | we employed stable carbon (δ(13)c) and nitrogen (δ(15)n) isotopes within a hypothetico-deductive framework to explore potential resource partitioning among terrestrial mammalian carnivores. isotope values were acquired using guard hair samples from bobcat (lynx rufus), coyote (canis latrans), gray fox (urocyon cinereoargenteus), and red fox (vulpes vulpes) in the adirondack park, ny, usa. enrichment along the δ(13)c axis was expected to reflect the use of human sources of food (reflecting a corn ... | 2014 | 24666214 |
| production of hybrids between western gray wolves and western coyotes. | using artificial insemination we attempted to produce hybrids between captive, male, western, gray wolves (canis lupus) and female, western coyotes (canis latrans) to determine whether their gametes would be compatible and the coyotes could produce and nurture offspring. the results contribute new information to an ongoing controversy over whether the eastern wolf (canis lycaon) is a valid unique species that could be subject to the u. s. endangered species act. attempts with transcervically dep ... | 2014 | 24586418 |
| a rapid field test for sylvatic plague exposure in wild animals. | plague surveillance is routinely conducted to predict future epizootics in wildlife and exposure risk for humans. the most common surveillance method for sylvatic plague is detection of antibodies to yersinia pestis f1 capsular antigen in sentinel animals, such as coyotes (canis latrans). current serologic tests for y. pestis, hemagglutination (ha) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), are expensive and labor intensive. to address this need, we developed a complete lateral flow dev ... | 2014 | 24484483 |
| serologic survey of antibodies to trypanosoma cruzi in coyotes and red foxes from pennsylvania and tennessee. | trypanosoma cruzi is a zoonotic parasite of humans and other mammalian hosts with distribution throughout the americas. domestic and wild canine species are reservoirs for human t. cruzi infections. the present study examined the prevalence of antibodies to t. cruzi in wild canids from the united states. sera from 13 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 263 coyotes (canis latrans), originating in pennsylvania and tennessee, were assayed for antibodies to t. cruzi with immunochromatographic tests. antib ... | 2014 | 25632700 |
| isolation of viable neospora caninum from brains of wild gray wolves (canis lupus). | neospora caninum is a common cause of abortion in cattle worldwide. canids, including the dog and the dingo (canis familiaris), the coyote (canis latrans), and the gray wolf (canis lupus) are its definitive hosts that can excrete environmentally resistant oocysts in the environment, but also can act as intermediate hosts, harboring tissue stages of the parasite. in an attempt to isolate viable n. caninum from tissues of naturally infected wolves, brain and heart tissue from 109 wolves from minne ... | 2014 | 24522164 |
| experimental infection of dogs with various bartonella species or subspecies isolated from their natural reservoir. | dogs can be infected by a wide variety of bartonella species. however, limited data is available on experimental infection of dogs with bartonella strains isolated from domestic animals or wildlife. we report the inoculation of six dogs with bartonella henselae (feline strain 94022, 16s rrna type ii) in three sets of two dogs, each receiving a different inoculum dose), four dogs inoculated with b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii type i (atcc strain, one mongrel dog) or type ii (coyote strain, two bea ... | 2014 | 24315039 |
| serologic survey for cross-species pathogens in urban coyotes (canis latrans), colorado, usa. | abstract as coyotes (canis latrans) adapt to living in urban environments, the opportunity for cross-species transmission of pathogens may increase. we investigated the prevalence of antibodies to pathogens that are either zoonotic or affect multiple animal species in urban coyotes in the denver metropolitan area, colorado, usa, in 2012. we assayed for antibodies to canine parvovirus-2, canine distemper virus, rabies virus, toxoplasma gondii, yersinia pestis, and serotypes of leptospira interrog ... | 2014 | 25121408 |
| parasitology, virology, and serology of free-ranging coyotes (canis latrans) from central georgia, usa. | we examined 31 free-ranging coyotes (canis latrans) from central georgia, usa, for select parasites and viral agents. sixteen coyotes had adult heartworms (dirofilaria immitis). serum samples from 27 animals revealed antibodies against canine parvovirus (100%), canine distemper virus (48%), canine adenovirus (37%), and trypanosoma cruzi (7%); none were detected against leishmania spp. twenty-two of 24 (92%) coyotes were positive for toxoplasma gondii. real-time pcr of feces revealed 32% of coyot ... | 2014 | 25098300 |
| data on the parasitological status of golden jackal (canis aureus l., 1758) in hungary. | in hungary, twenty canis aureus individuals were submitted to parasitological examinations in 2010-2012. two coccidia: cystoisospora canis (15%) and toxoplasma-type oocysts (5%), one trematoda: alaria alata (10%), six cestoda: mesocestoides lineatus (20%), echinococcus granulosus (10%), dipylidium caninums (5%), taenia hydatigena (15%), taenia pisiformis (20%), taenia crassiceps (40%), and nine nematoda: angiostrongylus vasorum (10%), crenosoma vulpis (30%), capillaria aerophila (5%), toxocara c ... | 2014 | 24334089 |
| factors influencing u.s. canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) prevalence. | this paper examines the individual factors that influence prevalence rates of canine heartworm in the contiguous united states. a data set provided by the companion animal parasite council, which contains county-by-county results of over nine million heartworm tests conducted during 2011 and 2012, is analyzed for predictive structure. the goal is to identify the factors that are important in predicting high canine heartworm prevalence rates. | 2014 | 24906567 |
| detection of leptospira spp. in wildlife reservoir hosts in ontario through comparison of immunohistochemical and polymerase chain reaction genotyping methods. | a total of 460 kidney samples from wildlife (beavers, coyotes, deer, foxes, opossums, otters, raccoons, skunks) were obtained from road-kill and hunter/trapper donations in ontario between january 2010 and november 2012. the objectives of the study were to detect leptospira spp. by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (pcr), to map presence of leptospires in wildlife relative to livestock and human populations, and to characterize positive samples by sequencing and comparison to le ... | 2014 | 24587507 |
| unexpected diversity of the cestode echinococcus multilocularis in wildlife in canada. | echinococcus multilocularis is a zoonotic cestode with a distribution encompassing the northern hemisphere that causes alveolar hydatid disease in people and other aberrant hosts. e. multilocularis is not genetically uniform across its distribution, which may have implications for zoonotic transmission and pathogenicity. recent findings of a european-type haplotype of e. multilocularis in wildlife in one location in western canada motivated a broader survey of the diversity of this parasite in w ... | 2014 | 25161905 |
| egg intensity and freeze-thawing of fecal samples affect sensitivity of echinococcus multilocularis detection by pcr. | echinococcus multilocularis is one of the most relevant zoonotic parasites with about 18,000 human cases per year. its detection in wild host is crucial for disease prevention. the present study aimed to determine factors affecting the sensitivity of e. multilocularis detection by pcr using dna extracted from fecal samples of coyotes (canis latrans). fecal samples were screened for the presence of taeniidae eggs through centrifugation and sedimentation. dna was extracted from fecal samples with ... | 2014 | 25082017 |
| spatial heterogeneity and temporal variations in echinococcus multilocularis infections in wild hosts in a north american urban setting. | echinococcus multilocularis, the causative agent of human alveolar echinococcosis, has the potential to circulate in urban areas where wild host populations and humans coexist. the spatial and temporal distribution of infection in wild hosts locally affects the risk of transmission to humans. we investigated the spatial and temporal patterns of e. multilocularis infection in coyotes and rodent intermediate hosts within the city of calgary, canada, and the association between spatial variations i ... | 2014 | 24747533 |
| prevalence and characterization of escherichia coli and salmonella strains isolated from stray dog and coyote feces in a major leafy greens production region at the united states-mexico border. | in 2010, romaine lettuce grown in southern arizona was implicated in a multi-state outbreak of escherichia coli o145:h28 infections. this was the first known shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec) outbreak traced to the southwest desert leafy green vegetable production region along the united states-mexico border. limited information exists on sources of stec and other enteric zoonotic pathogens in domestic and wild animals in this region. according to local vegetable growers, unleashed or stray d ... | 2014 | 25412333 |
| taenia ovis infection and its control: a canadian perspective. | distributed worldwide, taenia ovis infection is responsible for the condemnation of sheep carcasses in many countries. this review highlights the programme used in new zealand to successfully control t. ovis in sheep, and discusses how similar approaches may be modified for use in canada, given what is currently known about the epidemiology of t. ovis. the lifecycle of the parasite is well known, involving dogs as the definitive host and sheep or goats as the intermediate host. an effective vacc ... | 2014 | 24053136 |
| using molecular epidemiology to track toxoplasma gondii from terrestrial carnivores to marine hosts: implications for public health and conservation. | environmental transmission of the zoonotic parasite toxoplasma gondii, which is shed only by felids, poses risks to human and animal health in temperate and tropical ecosystems. atypical t. gondii genotypes have been linked to severe disease in people and the threatened population of california sea otters. to investigate land-to-sea parasite transmission, we screened 373 carnivores (feral domestic cats, mountain lions, bobcats, foxes, and coyotes) for t. gondii infection and examined the distrib ... | 2014 | 24874796 |
| genotyping toxoplasma gondii from wildlife in pennsylvania and identification of natural recombinants virulent to mice. | recent studies indicated the predominance of toxoplasma gondii haplogroup 12 in wildlife in the usa. however, still little is known of the genetic diversity of this parasite circulating in wildlife. in the present study, we tested coyotes (canis latrans), red foxes (vulpes vulpes), white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), and geese (branta canadensis) from the state of pennsylvania for t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 160 of 367 animals, including 92 (34.5%) of 266 c ... | 2014 | 24332401 |
| impact of high predation risk on genome-wide hippocampal gene expression in snowshoe hares. | the population dynamics of snowshoe hares (lepus americanus) are fundamental to the ecosystem dynamics of canada's boreal forest. during the 8- to 11-year population cycle, hare densities can fluctuate up to 40-fold. predators in this system (lynx, coyotes, great-horned owls) affect population numbers not only through direct mortality but also through sublethal effects. the chronic stress hypothesis posits that high predation risk during the decline severely stresses hares, leading to greater st ... | 2014 | 25234370 |
| recommended survey designs for occupancy modelling using motion-activated cameras: insights from empirical wildlife data. | motion-activated cameras are a versatile tool that wildlife biologists can use for sampling wild animal populations to estimate species occurrence. occupancy modelling provides a flexible framework for the analysis of these data; explicitly recognizing that given a species occupies an area the probability of detecting it is often less than one. despite the number of studies using camera data in an occupancy framework, there is only limited guidance from the scientific literature about survey des ... | 2014 | 25210658 |
| coyotes, deer, and wildflowers: diverse evidence points to a trophic cascade. | spatial gradients in human activity, coyote activity, deer activity, and deer herbivory provide an unusual type of evidence for a trophic cascade. activity of coyotes, which eat young mule deer (fawns), decreased with proximity to a remote biological field station, indicating that these predators avoided an area of high human activity. in contrast, activity of adult female deer (does) and intensity of herbivory on palatable plant species both increased with proximity to the station and were posi ... | 2014 | 24728614 |
| zwicknia gen. n., a new genus for the capnia bifrons species group, with descriptions of three new species based on morphology, drumming signals and molecular genetics, and a synopsis of the west palaearctic and nearctic genera of capniidae (plecoptera). | zwicknia murányi, gen. n. is erected for the capnia bifrons species group sensu zhiltzova, 2001 with the description of three new species based on morphology, mating call, and the mitochondrial dna marker cytochrome c oxidase i: z. acuta murányi & orci, sp. n., z. kovacsi murányi & gamboa, sp. n. and z. rupprechti murányi, orci & gamboa, sp. n.. zwicknia bifrons (newman, 1838) comb. n. is selected as the type species and redescribed. the other three species placed into zwicknia, gen. n., z. seva ... | 2014 | 24943267 |
| enhanced understanding of predator-prey relationships using molecular methods to identify predator species, individual and sex. | predator species identification is an important step in understanding predator-prey interactions, but predator identifications using kill site observations are often unreliable. we used molecular tools to analyse predator saliva, scat and hair from caribou calf kills in newfoundland, canada to identify the predator species, individual and sex. we sampled dna from 32 carcasses using cotton swabs to collect predator saliva. we used fragment length analysis and sequencing of mitochondrial dna to di ... | 2014 | 23957886 |
| zoonotic bartonella species in cardiac valves of healthy coyotes, california, usa. | we investigated whether bartonella spp. could cause endocarditis in coyotes or localize to cardiac valves before lesions develop. bartonella dna was amplified more often from coyote cardiac valves than spleen. bartonella infection apparently leads to cardiac valve tropism, which could cause endocarditis, an often lethal complication in mammals, including humans. | 2014 | 25418213 |
| discovery of new populations and dna barcoding of the arapahoe snowfly arsapnia arapahoe (plecoptera: capniidae). | the arapahoe snowfly, arsapnia arapahoe (nelson & kondratieff)was recently discovered in six different first-order streams outside of the cache la poudre river basin where it was previously considered endemic. specimens of a. arapahoe were always collected in much lower relative abundance, 1.09% (±2.3sd), than other sympatric adult capniids. the first mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) barcodes for a. arapahoe and a. coyote (nelson & baumann) are presented and compared with those of a. de ... | 2014 | 25283651 |
| impact of non-native terrestrial mammals on the structure of the terrestrial mammal food web of newfoundland, canada. | the island of newfoundland is unique because it has as many non-native terrestrial mammals as native ones. the impacts of non-native species on native flora and fauna can be profound and invasive species have been identified as one of the primary drivers of species extinction. few studies, however, have investigated the effects of a non-native species assemblage on community and ecosystem properties. we reviewed the literature to build the first terrestrial mammal food web for the island of newf ... | 2014 | 25170923 |
| perceived damage and areas of needed research for wildlife pests of california agriculture. | many wildlife species cause extensive damage to a variety of agricultural commodities in california, with estimates of damage in the hundreds of millions annually. given the limited availability of resources to solve all human-wildlife conflicts, we should focus management efforts on issues that provide the greatest benefit to agricultural commodities in california. this survey provides quantitative data on research needs to better guide future efforts in developing more effective, practical and ... | 2014 | 24952967 |
| a body, a dog, and a fistful of scats. | dogs and coyotes are the most frequently reported canids responsible for scavenging human remains. we present the case of a 90-year-old woman whose mummified body was found in her home showing partial destruction of the thorax and extremities and absence of the cranium. the victim lived with a beagle dog whose dead body was also found, along with abundant scats throughout the house. scavenging by the decedent's pet was the proposed hypothesis for the partial dismemberment and consumption of her ... | 2014 | 24852762 |
| a protected area influences genotype-specific survival and the structure of a canis hybrid zone. | it is widely recognized that protected areas can strongly influence ecological systems and that hybridization is an important conservation issue. however, previous studies have not explicitly considered the influence of protected areas on hybridization dynamics. eastern wolves are a species of special concern and their distribution is largely restricted to a protected population in algonquin provincial park (app), ontario, canada, where they are the numerically dominant canid. we studied intrins ... | 2014 | 24669720 |
| impacts from control operations on a recreationally hunted feral swine population at a large military installation in florida. | feral swine were targeted for control at avon park air force range in south-central florida to avert damage to sensitive wetland habitats on the 40,000-ha base. we conducted a 5-year study to assess impacts from control to this population that had been recreationally hunted for many years. control was initiated in early 2009. the feral swine population was monitored from 2008 to 2012 using a passive tracking index (pti) during the dry and wet seasons and using recreational hunter take rates from ... | 2014 | 24622991 |
| postfeeding larval dispersal behavior of late season blow flies (calliphoridae) in southern ontario, canada. | postfeeding dispersal involves migration of larvae away from their food source in order to pupate. puparia are difficult to find, yet are important for estimating pmi, and missing puparia during collection can result in inaccurate estimations. this study investigates the late season maggot dispersal patterns for blow flies at coyote carcasses in two habitats with an aim to improving puparia collection procedures. puparia samples collected from various dispersal distances and directions tested th ... | 2014 | 24602116 |
| natural history-driven, plant-mediated rnai-based study reveals cyp6b46's role in a nicotine-mediated antipredator herbivore defense. | manduca sexta (ms) larvae are known to efficiently excrete ingested nicotine when feeding on their nicotine-producing native hostplant, nicotiana attenuata. here we describe how ingested nicotine is co-opted for larval defense by a unique mechanism. plant-mediated rnai was used to silence a midgut-expressed, nicotine-induced cytochrome p450 6b46 (cyp6b46) in larvae consuming transgenic n. attenuata plants producing mscyp6b46 dsrna. these and transgenic nicotine-deficient plants were planted into ... | 2014 | 24379363 |
| assessment of coyote-wolf-dog admixture using ancestry-informative diagnostic snps. | the evolutionary importance of hybridization as a source of new adaptive genetic variation is rapidly gaining recognition. hybridization between coyotes and wolves may have introduced adaptive alleles into the coyote gene pool that facilitated an expansion in their geographic range and dietary niche. furthermore, hybridization between coyotes and domestic dogs may facilitate adaptation to human-dominated environments. we genotyped 63 ancestry-informative single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 427 ca ... | 2014 | 24148003 |
| analysis of structural diversity in wolf-like canids reveals post-domestication variants. | although a variety of genetic changes have been implicated in causing phenotypic differences among dogs, the role of copy number variants (cnvs) and their impact on phenotypic variation is still poorly understood. further, very limited knowledge exists on structural variation in the gray wolf, the ancestor of the dog, or other closely related wild canids. documenting cnvs variation in wild canids is essential to identify ancestral states and variation that may have appeared after domestication. | 2014 | 24923435 |
| a missense mutation in slc45a2 is associated with albinism in several small long haired dog breeds. | homozygosity for a large deletion in the solute carrier family 45, member 2 (slc45a2) gene causes oculocutaneous albinism (oca) in the doberman pinscher breed. an albino lhasa apso did not have this g.27141_31223del (canfam2) deletion in her slc45a2 sequence. therefore, slc45a2 was investigated in this female lhasa apso to search for other possible variants that caused her albinism. the albino lhasa apso was homozygous for a nonsynonymous substitution in the seventh exon, a c.1478g>a base change ... | 2015 | 25790827 |
| rad sequencing and genomic simulations resolve hybrid origins within north american canis. | top predators are disappearing worldwide, significantly changing ecosystems that depend on top-down regulation. conflict with humans remains the primary roadblock for large carnivore conservation, but for the eastern wolf (canis lycaon), disagreement over its evolutionary origins presents a significant barrier to conservation in canada and has impeded protection for grey wolves (canis lupus) in the usa. here, we use 127,235 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) identified from restriction-site ... | 2015 | 26156129 |
| single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) variation of wolves (canis lupus) in southeast alaska and comparison with wolves, dogs, and coyotes in north america. | there is considerable interest in the genetics of wolves (canis lupus) because of their close relationship to domestic dogs (c. familiaris) and the need for informed conservation and management. this includes wolf populations in southeast alaska for which we determined genotypes of 305 wolves at 173662 single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) loci. after removal of invariant and linked snp, 123801 snp were used to quantify genetic differentiation of wolves in southeast alaska and wolves, coyotes (c. ... | 2015 | 25429025 |
| hdac i inhibition in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus differentially modulates predator-odor fear learning and generalization. | although predator odors are ethologically relevant stimuli for rodents, the molecular pathways and contribution of some brain regions involved in predator odor conditioning remain elusive. inhibition of histone deacetylases (hdacs) in the dorsal hippocampus has been shown to enhance shock-induced contextual fear learning, but it is unknown if hdacs have differential effects along the dorso-ventral hippocampal axis during predator odor fear learning. we injected ms-275, a class i hdac inhibitor, ... | 2015 | 26441495 |
| seeing cooperation or competition: ecological interactions in cultural perspectives. | do cultural models facilitate particular ways of perceiving interactions in nature? we explore variability in folkecological principles of reasoning about interspecies interactions (specifically, competitive or cooperative). in two studies, indigenous panamanian ngöbe and u.s. participants interpreted an illustrated, wordless nonfiction book about the hunting relationship between a coyote and badger. across both studies, the majority of ngöbe interpreted the hunting relationship as cooperative a ... | 2015 | 26431824 |
| navigating natural variation in herbivory-induced secondary metabolism in coyote tobacco populations using ms/ms structural analysis. | natural variation can be extremely useful in unraveling the determinants of phenotypic trait evolution but has rarely been analyzed with unbiased metabolic profiling to understand how its effects are organized at the level of biochemical pathways. native populations of nicotiana attenuata, a wild tobacco species, have been shown to be highly genetically diverse for traits important for their interactions with insects. to resolve the chemodiversity existing in these populations, we developed a me ... | 2015 | 26170304 |
| do biological and bedsite characteristics influence survival of neonatal white-tailed deer? | coyotes recently expanded into the eastern u.s. and potentially have caused localized white-tailed deer population declines. research has focused on quantifying coyote predation on neonates, but little research has addressed the potential influence of bedsite characteristics on survival. in 2011 and 2012, we radiocollared 65 neonates, monitored them intensively for 16 weeks, and assigned mortality causes. we used program mark to estimate survival to 16 weeks and included biological covariates (i ... | 2015 | 25734333 |
| coyote and alders: alex colville. | 2015 | 25647189 | |
| pathology in practice. a coyote with sarcoptic mange. | 2015 | 25517327 | |
| assessing host-specificity of escherichia coli using a supervised learning logic-regression-based analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in intergenic regions. | host specificity in e. coli is widely debated. herein, we used supervised learning logic-regression-based analysis of intergenic dna sequence variability in e. coli in an attempt to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) biomarkers of e. coli that are associated with natural selection and evolution toward host specificity. seven-hundred and eighty strains of e. coli were isolated from 15 different animal hosts. we utilized logic regression for analyzing dna sequence data of three intergen ... | 2015 | 26115845 |
| cwd prions remain infectious after passage through the digestive system of coyotes (canis latrans). | chronic wasting disease (cwd) is a geographically expanding prion disease of wild and captive cervids in north america. disease can be transmitted directly, animal to animal, or indirectly via the environment. cwd contamination can occur residually in the environment via soil, water, and forage following deposition of bodily fluids such as urine, saliva, and feces, or by the decomposition of carcasses. recent work has indicated that plants may even take up prions into the stems and leaves. when ... | 2015 | 26636258 |
| infection of a goeldi's monkey (callimico goeldii) with a european strain of echinococcus multilocularis in a canadian institution. | a 12-yr-old female goeldi's monkey (callimico goeldii) in british columbia, canada was diagnosed with alveolar echinococcosis (ae) on postmortem examination. echinococcus multilocularis has been identified in several species of nonhuman primates, most frequently old world primates, in zoos and research facilities in europe and asia. the strain affecting this monkey was identified as a european haplotype, indistinguishable from e. multilocularis recently identified in several canids in british co ... | 2015 | 26056899 |
| introduced and native haplotypes of echinococcus multilocularis in wildlife in saskatchewan, canada. | recent detection of a european-type haplotype of the cestode echinococcus multilocularis in a newly enzootic region in british columbia prompted efforts to determine if this haplotype was present elsewhere in wildlife in western canada. in coyote (canis latrans) definitive hosts in an urban region in central saskatchewan (sk), we found a single haplotype of e. multilocularis that was most similar to a haplotype currently established in the core of this parasite's distribution in europe and to th ... | 2015 | 26020284 |
| feeding ecology informs parasite epidemiology: prey selection modulates encounter rate with echinococcus multilocularis in urban coyotes. | we investigated the role of urban coyote feeding ecology in the transmission of echinococcus multilocularis, the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis in humans. as coyotes can play a main role in the maintenance of this zoonotic parasite within north american urban settings, such study can ultimately aid disease risk management. between june 2012 and june 2013, we collected 251 coyote feces and conducted trapping of small mammals (n = 971) in five parks in the city of calgary, alberta, can ... | 2015 | 25768437 |
| parasitology and serology of free-ranging coyotes (canis latrans) in north carolina, usa. | coyotes (canis latrans) have expanded recently into the eastern us and can serve as a source of pathogens to domestic dogs (canis lupus familiaris), livestock, and humans. we examined free-ranging coyotes from central north carolina, us, for selected parasites and prevalence of antibodies against viral and bacterial agents. we detected ticks on most (81%) coyotes, with amblyomma americanum detected on 83% of those with ticks. fifteen (47%) coyotes were positive for heartworms (dirofilaria immiti ... | 2015 | 25984773 |
| seasonal effects of habitat on sources and rates of snowshoe hare predation in alaskan boreal forests. | survival and predation of snowshoe hares (lepus americanus) has been widely studied, yet there has been little quantification of the changes in vulnerability of hares to specific predators that may result from seasonal changes in vegetation and cover. we investigated survival and causes of mortalities of snowshoe hares during the late increase, peak, and decline of a population in interior alaska. from june 2008 to may 2012, we radio-tagged 288 adult and older juvenile hares in early successiona ... | 2015 | 26717577 |
| influence of habitat and intrinsic characteristics on survival of neonatal pronghorn. | increased understanding of the influence of habitat (e.g., composition, patch size) and intrinsic (e.g., age, birth mass) factors on survival of neonatal pronghorn (antilocapra americana) is a prerequisite to successful management programs, particularly as they relate to population dynamics and the role of population models in adaptive species management. nevertheless, few studies have presented empirical data quantifying the influence of habitat variables on survival of neonatal pronghorn. duri ... | 2015 | 26630484 |
| weather and prey predict mammals' visitation to water. | throughout many arid lands of africa, australia and the united states, wildlife agencies provide water year-round for increasing game populations and enhancing biodiversity, despite concerns that water provisioning may favor species more dependent on water, increase predation, and reduce biodiversity. in part, understanding the effects of water provisioning requires identifying why and when animals visit water. employing this information, by matching water provisioning with use by target species ... | 2015 | 26560518 |
| how scent and nectar influence floral antagonists and mutualists. | many plants attract and reward pollinators with floral scents and nectar, respectively, but these traits can also incur fitness costs as they also attract herbivores. this dilemma, common to most flowering plants, could be solved by not producing nectar and/or scent, thereby cheating pollinators. both nectar and scent are highly variable in native populations of coyote tobacco, nicotiana attenuata, with some producing no nectar at all, uncorrelated with the tobacco's main floral attractant, benz ... | 2015 | 26132861 |
| competition on the range: science vs. perception in a bison-cattle conflict in the western usa. | 1. competition between livestock and wild ungulates is commonly perceived to occur on shared rangelands. in the henry mountains (hm) of utah, a free-ranging population of bison bison bison has raised concerns among ranchers holding grazing permits on these public lands. bison are the most conspicuous potential competitors with cattle, but lagomorphs (mainly jackrabbits lepus californicus) are also abundant in this area. the local ranching community is applying political pressure on state and fed ... | 2015 | 25960573 |
| evaluating noninvasive genetic sampling techniques to estimate large carnivore abundance. | monitoring large carnivores is difficult because of intrinsically low densities and can be dangerous if physical capture is required. noninvasive genetic sampling (ngs) is a safe and cost-effective alternative to physical capture. we evaluated the utility of two ngs methods (scat detection dogs and hair sampling) to obtain genetic samples for abundance estimation of coyotes, black bears and canada lynx in three areas of newfoundland, canada. we calculated abundance estimates using program capwir ... | 2015 | 25693632 |
| individual variation in anthropogenic resource use in an urban carnivore. | with increasing urbanization, some animals are adapting to human-dominated systems, offering unique opportunities to study individual adaptation to novel environments. one hypothesis for why some wildlife succeed in urban areas is that they are subsidized with anthropogenic food. here, we combine individual-level movement patterns with diet composition based on stable isotope analysis to assess the degree to which a rapidly growing population of coyotes (canis latrans) in chicago consumes anthro ... | 2015 | 25669449 |
| a continental scale trophic cascade from wolves through coyotes to foxes. | top-down processes, via the direct and indirect effects of interspecific competitive killing (no consumption of the kill) or intraguild predation (consumption of the kill), can potentially influence the spatial distribution of terrestrial predators, but few studies have demonstrated the phenomenon at a continental scale. for example, in north america, grey wolves canis lupus are known to kill coyotes canis latrans, and coyotes, in turn, may kill foxes vulpes spp., but the spatial effects of thes ... | 2015 | 24930631 |
| balancing sample accumulation and dna degradation rates to optimize noninvasive genetic sampling of sympatric carnivores. | noninvasive genetic sampling, or noninvasive dna sampling (nds), can be an effective monitoring approach for elusive, wide-ranging species at low densities. however, few studies have attempted to maximize sampling efficiency. we present a model for combining sample accumulation and dna degradation to identify the most efficient (i.e. minimal cost per successful sample) nds temporal design for capture-recapture analyses. we use scat accumulation and faecal dna degradation rates for two sympatric ... | 2015 | 25454561 |
| revisiting the concept of behavior patterns in animal behavior with an example from food-caching sequences in wolves (canis lupus), coyotes (canis latrans), and red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | we discuss the history, conceptualization, and relevance of behavior patterns in modern ethology by explaining the evolution of the concepts of fixed action patterns and modal action patterns. we present the movement toward a more flexible concept of natural action sequences with significant degrees of (production and expressive) freedom. an example is presented with the food caching behavior of three canidae species: red fox (vulpes vulpes), coyote (canis latrans) and gray wolf (canis lupus). e ... | 2015 | 25446624 |
| anticoagulant rodenticide exposure and toxicosis in coyotes (canis latrans) in the denver metropolitan area. | anticoagulant rodenticides are widely used in urban areas to control rodent pests and are responsible for secondary poisoning in many nontarget wildlife species. we tested the livers of five coyotes (canis latrans) in the denver metropolitan area, colorado, us, for anticoagulant rodenticides. all five livers were positive for brodifacoum, with values ranging from 95 ppb to 320 ppb, and one liver was positive for bromadiolone, with a value of 885 ppb. both of these rodenticides are second-generat ... | 2015 | 25380355 |
| understanding human--coyote encounters in urban ecosystems using citizen science data: what do socioeconomics tell us? | the coyote (canis latrans) has dramatically expanded its range to include the cities and suburbs of the western us and those of the eastern seaboard. highly adaptable, this newcomer's success causes conflicts with residents, necessitating research to understand the distribution of coyotes in urban landscapes. citizen science can be a powerful approach toward this aim. however, to date, the few studies that have used publicly reported coyote sighting data have lacked an in-depth consideration of ... | 2015 | 25234049 |
| impacts of mesopredator control on conservation of mesopredators and their prey. | declining large carnivore populations, increased habitat fragmentation, declining interests in fur trapping, and other anthropogenic factors can all lead to increased mesopredator populations and these may negatively impact biodiversity. lethal mesopredator control potentially mitigates some of these effects but can be controversial, largely because impacts on mesopredator populations have not been evaluated. estimating these impacts may reduce controversies while increasing our understanding of ... | 2015 | 26361211 |
| space use and habitat selection by resident and transient coyotes (canis latrans). | little information exists on coyote (canis latrans) space use and habitat selection in the southeastern united states and most studies conducted in the southeast have been carried out within small study areas (e.g., ≤1,000 km2). therefore, studying the placement, size, and habitat composition of coyote home ranges over broad geographic areas could provide relevant insights regarding how coyote populations adjust to regionally varying ecological conditions. despite an increasing number of studies ... | 2015 | 26148130 |
| urbanization, grassland, and diet influence coyote (canis latrans) parasitism structure. | land use change can alter the ecological mechanisms that influence infectious disease exposure in animal populations. however, few studies have empirically integrated the environmental, spatial, and dietary patterns of wildlife epidemiology. we investigate how urbanization, habitat type, and dietary behavior are associated with coyote (canis latrans) parasitism structure along a gradient of rural to urban land cover using multivariate redundancy analyses. coyote fecal samples were collected in e ... | 2015 | 26122205 |
| evaluation of trapper-collected nobuto filter-paper blood samples for distemper and parvovirus antibody detection in coyotes (canis latrans) and raccoons (procyon lotor). | blood samples are often collected from free-ranging wildlife for antibody detection. however, filter-paper (fp) strips are more cost efficient and easy to collect and store. we evaluated trapper-collected fp strips and body-cavity blood for canine distemper (cdv) and parvovirus (cpv-2) antibody detection in raccoons (procyon lotor) and coyotes (canis latrans). from 2008 to 2010, licensed trappers near madison and milwaukee, wisconsin, us collected paired samples from harvested animals. canine di ... | 2015 | 25973631 |
| infectious disease and red wolf conservation: assessment of disease occurrence and associated risks. | infectious diseases pose a significant threat to global biodiversity and may contribute to extinction. as such, establishing baseline disease prevalence in vulnerable species where disease could affect persistence is important to conservation. we assessed potential disease threats to endangered red wolves (canis rufus) by evaluating regional (southeastern united states) disease occurrences in mammals and parasite prevalence in red wolves and sympatric coyotes (canis latrans) in north carolina. c ... | 2015 | 32287383 |
| suspected hypertrophic osteopathy in an ancient canid: differential diagnosis of possible etiologies. | hypertrophic osteopathy (ho) has been reported in numerous mammalian species, but no reports address the range of conditions that can lead to ho, or the implications of those conditions, for archaeological diagnosis. we describe suspected ho from skeletal remains of an ancient large domestic dog recovered in iowa, usa, at the cherokee sewer site. canid remains from this site date 7430-7020calbp. the site is believed to have been a temporary, low-intensity campsite where bison were procured. over ... | 2015 | 29539440 |
| do coyotes canis latrans influence occupancy of prey in suburban forest fragments? | with the extirpation of apex predators from many north american systems, coyotes canis latrans have become the de facto top predator and are ubiquitous members of most ecosystems. keystone predators aid in maintaining ecosystem function by regulating the mammal community through direct predation and instilling the landscape of fear, yet the value of coyotes regulating systems to this capacity is understudied and likely variable across environments. since coyotes are common in the midwestern unit ... | 2016 | 29491884 |
| whole-genome sequence analysis shows that two endemic species of north american wolf are admixtures of the coyote and gray wolf. | protection of populations comprising admixed genomes is a challenge under the endangered species act (esa), which is regarded as the most powerful species protection legislation ever passed in the united states but lacks specific provisions for hybrids. the eastern wolf is a newly recognized wolf-like species that is highly admixed and inhabits the great lakes and eastern united states, a region previously thought to be included in the geographic range of only the gray wolf. the u.s. fish and wi ... | 2016 | 29713682 |
| data from camera surveys identifying co-occurrence and occupancy linkages between fishers (pekania pennanti), rodent prey, mesocarnivores, and larger predators in mixed-conifer forests. | these data provide additional information relevant to the frequency of fisher detections by camera traps, and single-season occupancy and local persistence of fishers in small patches of forest habitats detailed elsewhere, "landscape fuel reduction, forest fire, and biophysical linkages to local habitat use and local persistence of fishers (pekania pennanti) in sierra nevada mixed-conifer forests" [10]. the data provides insight on camera trap detections of 3 fisher predators (bobcat [lynx rufus ... | 2016 | 26937448 |
| space use and habitat selection by resident and transient red wolves (canis rufus). | recovery of large carnivores remains a challenge because complex spatial dynamics that facilitate population persistence are poorly understood. in particular, recovery of the critically endangered red wolf (canis rufus) has been challenging because of its vulnerability to extinction via human-caused mortality and hybridization with coyotes (canis latrans). therefore, understanding red wolf space use and habitat selection is important to assist recovery because key aspects of wolf ecology such as ... | 2016 | 28002495 |
| the origin of the lower fourth molar in canids, inferred by individual variation. | an increase in tooth number is an exception during mammalian evolution. the acquisition of the lower fourth molar in the bat-eared fox (otocyon megalotis, canidae, carnivora, mammalia) is one example; however, its developmental origin is not clear. in some canids (canidae), individual variation exist as supernumerary molar m4. this study focuses on the acquisition of the lower fourth molar in canids and proposes that the inhibitory cascade model can explain its origin. | 2016 | 27843722 |
| bait development for oral delivery of pharmaceuticals to raccoons (procyon lotor) and striped skunks (mephitis mephitis). | oral vaccination is one tool used to control wildlife diseases. a challenge to oral vaccination is identifying baits specific to target species. the us has been conducting oral vaccination against rabies since the 1990s. improvements in bait development will hasten disease elimination. in colorado, we examined a novel bait for oral vaccination and offered two different flavors, sweet and fish, to captive raccoons ( procyon lotor ) and striped skunks ( mephitis mephitis ) to assess consumption an ... | 2016 | 27505038 |
| the effect of terrain and female density on survival of neonatal white-tailed deer and mule deer fawns. | juvenile survival is a highly variable life-history trait that is critical to population growth. antipredator tactics, including an animal's use of its physical and social environment, are critical to juvenile survival. here, we tested the hypothesis that habitat and social characteristics influence coyote (canis latrans) predation on white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (o. hemionus) fawns in similar ways during the neonatal period. this would contrast to winter when the hab ... | 2016 | 27386083 |
| olfactory attractants and parity affect prenatal androgens and territoriality of coyote breeding pairs. | hormones are fundamental mediators of personality traits intimately linked with reproductive success. hence, alterations to endocrine factors may dramatically affect individual behavior that has subsequent fitness consequences. yet it is unclear how hormonal or behavioral traits change with environmental stressors or over multiple reproductive opportunities, particularly for biparental fauna. to simulate an environmental stressor, we exposed captive coyote (canis latrans) pairs to novel coyote o ... | 2016 | 27378509 |
| variable duration of reproductive suppression in male coyotes (canis latrans) treated with a high dose of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist deslorelin. | effective and humane management strategies for coyotes (canis latrans) remain elusive. we hypothesised that exposure to a high dose of a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) agonist would cause prolonged suppression of the reproductive axis. two groups of male coyotes were administered 47 mg deslorelin in the form of either five 9.4-mg controlled-release suprelorin (peptech animal health, macquarie park nsw, australia) implants (n = 3) or 10 4.7-mg implants (n = 5). in the first group, deslore ... | 2016 | 27161891 |
| urban compost attracts coyotes, contains toxins, and may promote disease in urban-adapted wildlife. | anthropogenic food is often concentrated in cities where it can attract wildlife, promote conflict with people, and potentially spread disease. although these associations are well-documented for conventional garbage, they are unexplored for many seemingly innocuous and even environmentally friendly attractants such as piles of compost. in this study, we tested the hypothesis that municipal piles of compost are underappreciated and potentially important contributors to a recent rise in encounter ... | 2016 | 27106524 |
| a two-species occupancy model accommodating simultaneous spatial and interspecific dependence. | occupancy models are popular for estimating the probability a site is occupied by a species of interest when detection is imperfect. occupancy models have been extended to account for interacting species and spatial dependence but cannot presently allow both factors to act simultaneously. we propose a two-species occupancy model that accommodates both interspecific and spatial dependence. we use a point-referenced multivariate hierarchical spatial model to account for both spatial and interspeci ... | 2016 | 27008774 |
| disentangling canid howls across multiple species and subspecies: structure in a complex communication channel. | wolves, coyotes, and other canids are members of a diverse genus of top predators of considerable conservation and management interest. canid howls are long-range communication signals, used both for territorial defence and group cohesion. previous studies have shown that howls can encode individual and group identity. however, no comprehensive study has investigated the nature of variation in canid howls across the wide range of species. we analysed a database of over 2000 howls recorded from 1 ... | 2016 | 26809021 |
| mitochondrial dna variation in southeastern pre-columbian canids. | the taxonomic status of the red wolf (canis rufus) is heavily debated, but could be clarified by examining historic specimens from the southeastern united states. we analyzed mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from 3 ancient (350-1900 year olds) putative wolf samples excavated from middens and sinkholes within the historic red wolf range. we detected 3 unique mtdna haplotypes, which grouped with the coyote mtdna clade, suggesting that the canids inhabiting southeastern north america prior to human coloni ... | 2016 | 26774058 |
| nutritional effects on reproductive performance of captive adult female coyotes (canis latrans). | interactions between animals and their environment are fundamental to ecological research. field studies of coyote (canis latrans) reproductive performance suggest mean litter size changes in response to prey abundance. however, this relationship has been assessed primarily by using carcasses collected from trappers. the objective of this study was to assess whether nutritional manipulation prior to mating affected reproduction in adult female coyotes. we examined the effects of caloric restrict ... | 2016 | 26763531 |
| phase-dependent climate-predator interactions explain three decades of variation in neonatal caribou survival. | climate can have direct and indirect effects on population dynamics via changes in resource competition or predation risk, but this influence may be modulated by density- or phase-dependent processes. we hypothesized that for ungulates, climatic conditions close to parturition have a greater influence on the predation risk of neonates during population declines, when females are already under nutritional stress triggered by food limitation. we examined the presence of phase-dependent climate-pre ... | 2016 | 26529139 |
| effect of storage time and storage conditions on antibody detection in blood samples collected on filter paper. | using filter paper to collect blood from wildlife for antibody analysis can be a powerful technique to simplify the collection, transport, and storage of blood samples. despite these advantages, there are limited data that detail how long these samples can be stored and how storage conditions affect antibody longevity. we used blood samples collected on filter paper from coyotes experimentally infected with yersinia pestis to determine optimum sample storage conditions over time. blood samples c ... | 2016 | 27187032 |
| canine distemper virus in wild felids of costa rica. | several highly infectious diseases can be transmitted through feces and cause elevated mortality among carnivore species. one such infectious agent, canine distemper virus (cdv; paramyxoviridae: morbillivirus), has been reported to affect wild carnivores, among them several felid species. we screened free-ranging and captive wild carnivores in costa rica for cdv. between 2006 and 2012, we collected 306 fecal samples from 70 jaguars (panther onca), 71 ocelots ( leopardus pardalis ), five jaguarun ... | 2016 | 26967127 |
| a duplex real-time pcr assay based on taqman technology for simultaneous detection and differentiation of canine adenovirus types 1 and 2. | canine adenoviruses are a major cause of disease in dogs, coyotes, red foxes and wolves, as well as in other carnivores and marine mammals. canine adenovirus type 1 (cadv-1) and canine adenovirus type 2 (cadv-2) cause infectious canine hepatitis (ich) and infectious tracheobronchitis (itb), respectively. in this study, a duplex real-time pcr assay for simultaneous detection and characterisation of cadv-1 and cadv-2 was developed by using a single primer pair and virus-specific probes. the assay ... | 2016 | 27040113 |
| bartonella rochalimae and b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in wild carnivores from colorado, usa. | spleen samples from 292 wild carnivores from colorado, us were screened for bartonella infection. bartonella dna was detected in coyotes ( canis latrans ) (28%), striped skunks ( mephitis mephitis ) (23%), red foxes ( vulpes vulpes ) (27%), and raccoons ( procyon lotor ) (8%) but not in black bears ( ursus americanus ), gray foxes ( urocyon cinereoargenteus ), and mountain lions ( puma concolor ). two bartonella species, b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and b. rochalimae, were identified. all 10 in ... | 2016 | 27529290 |
| gastrointestinal helminths of coyotes (canis latrans) from southeast nebraska and shenandoah area of iowa. | this survey was carried out on the carcasses of 29 coyotes from southeastern nebraska and shenandoah area of iowa to document the helminths present in the intestinal track of these carnivorous animals. | 2016 | 27733798 |
| detecting methemoglobinemia in animals with a drop of blood. | a major concern during pesticide development and use is the impact on non-target species, such as raptors or domestic cats and dogs. sodium nitrite and para-aminopropiophenone (papp) are two toxicants currently being studied for the control of invasive species, such as starlings and feral swine. when given to an animal these compounds oxidize hemoglobin, which renders it unable to carry oxygen resulting in methemoglobinemia. this study developed a method to estimate methemoglobin levels in mamma ... | 2016 | 27930713 |
| molecular forensics in avian conservation: a dna-based approach for identifying mammalian predators of ground-nesting birds and eggs. | the greater sage-grouse (centrocercus urophasianus) is a ground-nesting bird from the northern rocky mountains and a species at risk of extinction in in multiple u.s. states and canada. herein we report results from a proof of concept that mitochondrial and nuclear dnas from mammalian predator saliva could be non-invasively collected from depredated greater sage-grouse eggshells and carcasses and used for predator species identification. molecular forensic approaches have been applied to identif ... | 2016 | 26738484 |
| describing a developing hybrid zone between red wolves and coyotes in eastern north carolina, usa. | when hybridizing species come into contact, understanding the processes that regulate their interactions can help predict the future outcome of the system. this is especially relevant in conservation situations where human activities can influence hybridization dynamics. we investigated a developing hybrid zone between red wolves and coyotes in north carolina, usa to elucidate patterns of hybridization in a system heavily managed for preservation of the red wolf genome. using noninvasive genetic ... | 2016 | 27330555 |
| first pediatric case of tularemia after a coyote bite. | bite-transmitted tularemia is a rare event in humans and most of the cases have been associated with cat bites. we report the first pediatric case of tularemia caused by a coyote (canis latrans) bite. coyotes can be healthy carriers of francisella tularensis and transmit this infectious agent through a bite. pediatricians should be aware of this risk after a carnivore bite and implement appropriate antibiotic therapy, as amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (augmentin) may have prolonged the typica ... | 2016 | 26885419 |
| evaluation by latent class analysis of a magnetic capture based dna extraction followed by real-time qpcr as a new diagnostic method for detection of echinococcus multilocularis in definitive hosts. | a new method, based on a magnetic capture based dna extraction followed by qpcr, was developed for the detection of the zoonotic parasite echinococcus multilocularis in definitive hosts. latent class analysis was used to compare this new method with the currently used phenol-chloroform dna extraction followed by single tube nested pcr. in total, 60 red foxes and coyotes from three different locations were tested with both molecular methods and the sedimentation and counting technique (sct) or in ... | 2016 | 27884437 |
| prevalence, genetic analyses, and risk factors associated with heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) in wild coyotes (canis latrans) from florida, usa. | we detected heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) in 37.2% of 212 coyotes ( canis latrans ) collected from 28 counties in florida, us, between february 2010 and april 2014. adult coyotes had a higher prevalence (45.6% of 103) than juveniles (29% of 80), and there was no significant difference in prevalence between adult male and female coyotes. adults demonstrated a higher prevalence of heartworm in northern counties (56% of 91) than in southern counties (23.1% of 121) and a higher prevalence in urban ... | 2016 | 27458831 |
| eco-epizootiologic study of francisella tularensis, the agent of tularemia, in québec wildlife. | in canada, francisella tularensis , the zoonotic bacterial agent of tularemia, affects mostly snowshoe hares ( lepus americanus ), muskrats ( ondatra zibethicus ), and beavers ( castor canadensis ). despite numerous studies, the ecologic cycle and natural reservoirs of f. tularensis are not clearly defined. we conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence of f. tularensis in snowshoe hares, muskrats, and coyotes ( canis latrans ) in four regions of québec, canada, and to describe ... | 2016 | 26967133 |
| one health interactions of chagas disease vectors, canid hosts, and human residents along the texas-mexico border. | chagas disease (trypanosoma cruzi infection) is the leading cause of non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy in latin america. texas, particularly the southern region, has compounding factors that could contribute to t. cruzi transmission; however, epidemiologic studies are lacking. the aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of t. cruzi in three different mammalian species (coyotes, stray domestic dogs, and humans) and vectors (triatoma species) to understand the burden of chagas disease ... | 2016 | 27832063 |
| high trypanosoma cruzi infection prevalence associated with minimal cardiac pathology among wild carnivores in central texas. | infection with the zoonotic vector-borne protozoal parasite trypanosoma cruzi causes chagas disease in humans and dogs throughout the americas. despite the recognized importance of various wildlife species for perpetuating trypanosoma cruzi in nature, relatively little is known about the development of cardiac disease in infected wildlife. using a cross-sectional study design, we collected cardiac tissue and blood from hunter-donated wildlife carcasses- including raccoon (procyon lotor), coyote ... | 2016 | 27330982 |
| antibody detection and molecular characterization of toxoplasma gondii from bobcats (lynx rufus), domestic cats (felis catus), and wildlife from minnesota, usa. | little is known of the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in minnesota. here, we evaluated toxoplasma gondii infection in 50 wild bobcats (lynx rufus) and 75 other animals on/near 10 cattle farms. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed in serum samples or tissue fluids by the modified agglutination test (mat, cut-off 1:25). twenty nine of 50 bobcats and 15 of 41 wildlife trapped on the vicinity of 10 farms and nine of 16 adult domestic cats (felis catus) and six of 14 domestic dogs resident on farms we ... | 2016 | 26824935 |
| [subcutaneous taenia crassiceps-cysticercosis in a dog with cushing's syndrome]. | a male, 12-year-old cairn terrier suffering from cushing's syndrome with two therapy-resistant inflammatory subcutaneous lesions was examined pathomorphologically and parasitologically. within the subcutaneous tissue, there was a suppurative to necrotizing and histiocytic inflammation present with the formation of caverns. intralesional whitish-grey cysts with a diameter of 1-4 mm were detected. molecular investigations of the cysts confirmed the preliminary morphological identification as cysti ... | 2016 | 26763526 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum in feral swine (sus scrofa) in the united states. | the protozoon neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle worldwide. canids (canis familiaris, canis latrans, canis lupus) are definitive hosts whereas many other animal species, including pigs, are intermediate hosts for the parasite. between 2012 and 2014, serum samples from 1059 feral swine (sus scrofa) from 29 states of the usa were tested for n. caninum antibodies, using the n. caninum agglutination test (nat). of these, 159 (15.0%) feral pigs from 21 states tested positive, wit ... | 2016 | 27514880 |
| transcriptome profiling reveals differential gene expression of detoxification enzymes in a hemimetabolous tobacco pest after feeding on jasmonate-silenced nicotiana attenuata plants. | the evolutionary arms race between plants and insects has driven the co-evolution of sophisticated defense mechanisms used by plants to deter herbivores and equally sophisticated strategies that enable phytophagous insects to rapidly detoxify the plant's defense metabolites. in this study, we identify the genetic determinants that enable the mirid, tupiocoris notatus, to feed on its well-defended host plant, nicotiana attenuata, an outstanding model for plant-insect interaction studies. | 2016 | 27931186 |