Publications

ten-minute silver stain for pneumocystis carinii and fungi in tissue sections.	a ten-minute methenamine silver staining procedure for the rapid demonstration of pneumocystis carinii and fungi in tissue sections has been developed. the procedure is optimal for both urgent and routine histologic diagnosis of diffuse, progressive, and life-threatening pulmonary infiltrates, especially in the compromised host, and of fungal lesions in general. moreover, it is simple and brief, is applicable to both paraffined and frozen sections, and can easily be used by the pathology residen ...	1982	6178384
laboratory diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii infection.		1982	6180860
comparison of two methods used to prepare smears of mouse lung tissue for detection of pneumocystis carinii.	the laboratory diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in humans includes the identification of cysts in stained lung tissue impression smears. by using a mouse model, we compared the number of cysts in lung tissue impression smears with those contained in a concentrate of homogenized lung tissue. eleven c3h/hen mice developed p. carinii infection after corticosteroid injections, a low protein (8%) diet, and tetracycline administered in drinking water. impression smears were prepared with fr ...	1982	6181088
[staining of pneumocystis carinii in tissue section: a reliable silver staining method].		1982	6182316
response of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia only after high-dose cotrimoxazole.		1982	6119554
should inpatients with pneumocystis carinii be isolated?		1982	6123776
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with polyarteritis nodosa treated with prednisone and cyclophosphamide].		1982	6129360
kaposi's sarcoma in young homosexual men.	an outbreak of ks has been observed in young homosexual men. these patients are different from those with classical ks for the following reasons: 1. geographic distribution (clustering in new york and california); 2. age (younger, mean--39 years); 3. higher incidence; 4. sexual preference (homosexual); 5. distribution of skin lesions (face, upper extremities, trunk); 6. lymph node involvement; 7. visceral lesions; 8. associated opportunistic infections (pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasmosis); 9. h ...	1982	6276100
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a male homosexual.		1982	6281920
atypical pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men with unusual immunodeficiency.	pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a well known opportunistic infection whose radiographic presentation and association with cytomegalovirus (cmv) have been well described. recently nine young homosexual men with chronic flulike illnesses were seen. bronchoscopy in six cases demonstrated evidence of cmw infection with pneumocystis pneumonia. the radiographic presentation was atypical. immunologic evaluation revealed t-cell abnormalities. cmv infections altering immunologic mechanisms has been pos ...	1982	6282099
pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a previously healthy adult.	a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and cytomegalovirus infection occurring in a previously healthy adult male homosexual who was not receiving known immunosuppressive therapy is described. this 35-year-old man had been treated with metronidazole and tetracycline for an intermittent diarrheal illness of 5 months' duration. he was then admitted to the hospital where he was found to have a small infiltrate in the left lower lobe, and this process soon involved both lungs. initially, pneumocys ...	1982	6282154
opportunistic infections and immune deficiency in homosexual men.	a syndrome of opportunistic infections and acquired immune deficiency occurred among four previously healthy homosexual men. fever, leukopenia, and diminished delayed hypersensitivity were accompanied by various degrees of proctitis, perianal ulcerations, and lymphadenopathy. the infectious agents included pneumocystis carinii, cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans, herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus. the immune deficiency was characterized as a persistent and profound selective decre ...	1982	6283974
an outbreak of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men.	pneumocystis carinii pneumonia has rarely been reported in previously healthy persons over the age of 6 months. five cases of p. carinii pneumonia in adult homosexual men, confirmed by biopsy results, are reported. all five patients were seropositive when tested for antibodies to cytomegalovirus and four had evidence of active concurrent cytomegalovirus infections. kaposi's sarcoma was shown in two of the patients and one had possible pneumocystis infection of the central nervous system as well ...	1982	6283975
immunosuppression in a homosexual man with kaposi's sarcoma.	the occurrence of kaposi's sarcoma in young homosexual men is a recently reported condition. the same individuals are at risk for the development of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and other unusual infections. these associations suggest these persons are somehow immunocompromised. evidence of current or prior cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection is seen in a high percentage of these and other homosexual men. cmv infections are known to induce alterations in the immunoregulatory suppressor and helper ...	1982	6284810
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an apparently nonimmunocompromised patient.		1982	6289469
the role of transbronchial biopsy for the diagnosis of diffuse pneumonias in immunocompromised marrow transplant recipients.	we studied the use of transbronchial biopsy for the diagnosis of diffuse pneumonia in marrow transplant recipients. transbronchial biopsy results were directly compared with open-lung biopsy results by performing the procedures simultaneously in the same lobe of the lung and processing the specimens in parallel. there were 24 cases of pneumonia diagnosed in 22 patients. transbronchial biopsy correctly identified 3 of 5 cases of pneumocystis carinii and none of the 5 cases of viral pneumonia. the ...	1982	6293351
[pulmonary pneumocystosis].	sixteen autopsy cases of adults and older children who had contracted pneumocystosis of the lung were observed macro- and microscopically. electron microscopical observation was done in 5 of these 16 cases. also experimental studies on the pathogenesis of this disease were carried out on 20 rats. most of the autopsy cases in this study had hematological neoplasia such as leukemia and malignant lymphoma which had been treated with cortisone and cytostatics. we found that intraalveolar foamy subst ...	1982	6293422
diagnostic open lung biopsy for diffuse pulmonary disease in immunocompromised pediatric patients.	diagnostic open lung biopsy was performed in 40 pediatric patients with diffuse pulmonary disease and underlying malignancy or immunosuppression. specific diagnoses on which therapy could be based were made in 32 patients and there was only one false-negative result. pneumocystis carinii was diagnosed antemortem in 28 patients. complications of surgery occurred in six patients (15%), but no patients died as a result of the procedure. open lung biopsy appears to be a safe and effective diagnostic ...	1982	6301305
adult respiratory distress syndrome in a previously healthy young male.		1982	6305041
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as presenting feature of lymphoma.		1982	6802285
severe acquired immunodeficiency in european homosexual men.	four previously healthy danish homosexual men developed kaposi's sarcoma or opportunistic infections with fever of unknown origin and lymphadenopathy. one patient died of a pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. three patients had defective cell-mediated immunity with absent leucocyte interferon production and decreased proliferative response to mitogens and antigens. t lymphocyte helper subsets and natural killer cell activity were reduced. unstimulated mononuclear cells produced leucocyte migration i ...	1982	6805793
a cluster of kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among homosexual male residents of los angeles and orange counties, california.		1982	6811844
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among persons with hemophilia a.		1982	6815443
update on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids)--united states.	the centers for disease control (cdc) received reports of 593 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the us between june 1, 1981, and september 15, 1982. death occurred in 243 (41%) of these cases. the incidence of aids by date of diagnosis has roughly doubled every 6 months since late-1979, and an average of 1-2 cases are now diagnosed per day. the mortality rate for cases diagnosed over 1 year ago exceeds 60%. about 80% of aids cases are concentrated in 6 metropolitan areas, ...	1982	6815471
sweet syndrome: presenting symptom of hairy cell leukemia with fatal infection by pneumocystis carinii.		1982	6816688
[pneumocystis carinii interstitial pneumonia in malnourished children. report of 4 cases].		1982	6818664
pneumocystis carinii: the continuing enigma.		1982	6753225
[biological diagnosis of pulmonary parasitoses and mycoses].	pulmonary involvement in parasitic disease is now due above all to the visceral larva migrans syndrome, the diagnosis of which is serological, and to imported distomatosis due to paragonimus sp, confirmed by the discovery of eggs in the sputum. an immature immunological status or immunodepression is necessary for the development of pneumocystis carinii, where all of the stages of diagnosis, including that of the obtaining of sample material, are difficult. pulmonary mycoses are represented above ...	1982	6753657
diabetes mellitus following pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia in humans.	four patients, treated with pentamidine because of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis, displayed severe fasting hypoglycemia during this treatment. diabetes mellitus appeared later, requiring insulin therapy in the three of them who survived more than a few weeks. the metabolic study, performed in two cases during the hypoglycemic period, demonstrated inappropriately high insulin levels in the postabsorptive state. 28 +/- 1 microunits/ml (blood glucose 41 +/- 4 mg/dl) and 86 +/- 5 microunits/ml (b ...	1982	6759211
terminal infections in renal transplant patients in a tropical environment.	infections were a major cause of death in 84% of 38 autopsied renal allograft recipients in a south indian hospital. pyogenic bacteria and fungi were the most common etiological agents encountered, being present in 50 and 47% of cases, respectively. tuberculosis and hepatitis b virus infection were more prevalent and pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus disease rarer than in comparable series from non-tropical countries. 1 case each of amoebiasis, strongyloidiasis and filariasis were the par ...	1982	6759953
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in renal transplant recipients.		1982	6762092
[pneumocystis carinii pulmonary infection in renal transplant patients].		1982	6763266
[congenital pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].		1982	6763674
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a previously healthy adult.		1982	6977653
provocation of infection due to pneumocystis carinii by cyclosporin a.		1982	6978916
usual interstitial pneumonitis in infancy. clinical and pathologic evaluation.	interstitial lung disease is uncommon in infancy and childhood, and the long-term clinical and pathologic evolution of this entity in infants has not been published previously. we describe an infant with a steroid-sensitive chronic interstitial pneumonitis for which the clinical and histopathologic progression of the disease are presented. a family history of interstitial pneumonitis consistent with an autosomal dominant trait was present, and pneumocystis carinii were found in the lung biopsy s ...	1982	6979466
natural mode of acquisition for de novo infection with pneumocystis carinii.	axenic rats maintained in germfree isolators were found to be free of pneumocystis carinii after three months of immunosuppression with dexamethasone. this p. carinii-free rat model was used to identify the mode of acquisition of p. carinii from the natural environment. germfree were exposed in selective manner to potential sources of p.carinii, including air, water, and food. animals exposed in the isolator with filtered (sterile) air and to regular (unsterile) water and food did not acquire p. ...	1982	6979590
retinal cotton-wool spots in a patient with pneumocystis carinii infection.		1982	6979707
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in drug addict.		1982	6979726
effects of bacterial pneumonitis on development of pneumocystosis in rats.	disease caused by the protozoan parasite pneumocystis carinii complicates management of patients with a variety of defects in immune function and is most commonly observed in patients who receive long-term therapy with glucocorticoids. in the rat, disease is readily induced by chronic administration of glucocorticoids. however, rats that have had polymorphonuclear leukocytic pneumonitis induced by pseudomonas are protected from development of pneumocystosis, whereas rats that have received an in ...	1982	6979959
failure of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the therapy of recurrent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.	the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment and prophylaxis of pneumocystis cariniii is well established. treatment failure with this regimen has been ascribed to inadequate antibiotic serum concentrations. we describe an immunosuppressed patient with recurrent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who failed to respond to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy despite high antibiotic serum concentrations. subsequently, a response to pentamidine isethionate was obtained. the reason for fai ...	1982	6979960
does pneumocystis carinii occur in kenya?	an experiment was carried out exposing immunosuppressed mice to the atmosphere to determine if transmission of pneumocystis carinii occurred in kenya. mice were killed at weekly intervals for four months and the lungs examined histologically for the presence of these parasites. none of the mice contracted even light infections and this, together with the lack of clinical evidence of this disease in immunosuppressed or neonatal cases, suggests that this parasite does not occur in kenya. possible ...	1982	6980504
fractionation of pneumocystis carinii antigens used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies and in the production of antiserum for detecting pneumocystis carinii antigenemia.	cyst-rich suspensions of pneumocystis carinii were obtained by differential and gradient centrifugation from heavily infected rat lungs. after preparation of an aqueous-soluble extract of the cyst-rich material, the insoluble residue was extracted with 8 m urea. small amounts of infected human lung tissue and uninfected rat and human lung were processed similarly. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that both human and rat infected lung extracts contained a large pro ...	1982	6980894
detection of specific antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and antigenemia by counterimmunoelectrophoresis in humans infected with pneumocystis carinii.	a urea-soluble extract of cyst-rich material from rat lung heavily infected with pneumocystis carinii was evaluated in an enzyme-linked immunosorption assay for antibody in 461 human sera. the highest level of reactivity occurred in sera submitted for serodiagnosis from proved or highly suspect cases. however, the range of reactivities in these groups, many of whom were on immunosuppressive therapy, was very wide. a more restricted lower range of reactivity was observed in both hospital-family c ...	1982	6980895
acridine orange staining of pneumocystis carinii.	acridine orange was used to stain smears of mouse lung which contained cyst and trophozoite forms of pneumocystis carinii. trophozoite forms stained yellow to orange; however, cyst forms did not stain. acridine orange is a rapid and sensitive method for demonstrating trophozoites of p. carinii in mouse lung tissue.	1982	6980898
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim alone for prophylaxis of infection in granulocytopenic patients.	prophylactic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) has been shown to reduce the incidence of fever, parenteral antibiotic usage, and infections with gram-negative bacteria in hospitalized patients with neutropenia. furthermore, tmp-smz was found to be equivalent to or better than oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics in direct comparisons and to have an additive effect when given together with other oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics. adults given tmp-smz continuously had fewer readmissions for infecti ...	1982	6981175
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in children.	trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) is effective in both the treatment and the prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. after initial evaluation in an animal model, tmp-smz was shown to be as clinically effective as pentamidine isethionate for the treatment of pneumonitis in children with cancer and to have minimal adverse effects. treatment with tmp-smz (20 mg of tmp and 100 mg of smz per kg of body weight per day) was successful in three-fourths of patients tested. administered prop ...	1982	6981176
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of adults with pneumonia due to pneumocystis carinii.	the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) for the treatment of pneumonia due to pneumocystis carinii has not been as rigorously assessed in studies of adults as in pediatric studies that have included patients randomly assigned to receive either pentamidine or tmp-smz. nonetheless, it was shown that 80% of adults with histologically proved pneumocystis pneumonia who were treated with tmp-smz intravenously for at least four days or orally for at least nine days (total daily dose, 10-20 m ...	1982	6981177
association of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and scabies.		1982	6981715
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men.	the clinical records and radiographs of 12 homosexual men with symptomatic biopsy-proved pneumocystic carinii pneumonia were reviewed. at presentation, the most common radiographic finding in the chest was a diffuse, coarse, ground-glass pattern. normal findings on chest radiographs or only minimal abnormalities did not preclude p. carinii pneumonia. progression of the radiographic findings varied. rapid development of diffuse consolidation in 2--5 days occurred most commonly. thoracic lymphaden ...	1982	6981921
radiographic patterns of opportunistic lung infections and kaposi sarcoma in homosexual men.	thirty patients with lung involvement with pneumocystis carinii and other opportunistic organisms, many of whom also had kaposi sarcoma, were seen from december 1980 through march 1982. clinical manifestations consisted of a prodrome of weeks to months with weight loss, fever, and malaise. when clinical pneumonia became apparent, four distinct radiographic patterns were identified. pneumocystis carinii was uniformly present, and the most common pattern encountered was a relatively symmetric, hom ...	1982	6981922
opportunistic infection in previously healthy women. initial manifestations of a community-acquired cellular immunodeficiency.	opportunistic infections and unusual tumors have been reported in an unprecedented outbreak of community-acquired cellular immune deficiency among homosexual and drug-abusing men. we report five women with the same syndrome. the women were residents of metropolitan new york city closely associated with drug abuse either by personal use (our patients) or close sexual contact with an abuser (one patient). one patient was bisexual. all five patients developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as well ...	1982	6982014
ga-67 scan of a homosexual man with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1982	6982795
pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis and esophageal moniliasis in a previously unknown homosexual host.		1982	6982886
[three cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with hematological disorders].		1982	6982982
spontaneous improvement of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia.	until recently, pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis was the most common cause of death in patients with leukemia in remission. prior to the advent of effective antimicrobial agents, this disease was virtually 100% fatal in the cancer patient undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. the spontaneous improvement of p carinii pneumonitis in a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia suggests a higher incidence of p carinii pneumonitis in immunocompromised patients than is commonly realized.	1982	6983026
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia at north carolina memorial hospital.		1982	6983037
[kaposi's sarcoma, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and other opportunistic infections].		1982	6983039
open lung biopsy in children with diffuse pulmonary lesions.	during the period 1973-81, open lung biopsy was performed in 33 consecutive children, aged 1 month to 13 years, to exclude or diagnose pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and to differentiate other interstitial pulmonary lesions. twenty-one of the patients were undergoing immunosuppressive treatment because of their malignant disease. the clinical diagnosis was correct only in 55% of the patients, but open lung biopsy and histological examination gave the final answer in every patient. pneumocystis c ...	1982	6983812
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a male homosexual: report of a case.		1982	6984041
[transbronchial lung biopsy in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following therapy of adult leukemia].		1982	6984103
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. current state of the problem].		1982	6984205
[2 cases of congenital pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in premature infants detected by intravital diagnosis].		1982	6985079
chronic granulomatous disease and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1982	6976556
pneumocystis carinii: freeze-fracture study of stages of the organism.		1982	6976901
serum antibody responses to pneumocystis carinii among different strains of normal and athymic mice.	pneumocystis carinii infection was produced in normal mice by the administration of corticosteroids and in athymic mice by the transmission of exogenous mouse- or rat-derived organisms. serum antibodies to p. carinii, measured by an indirect fluorescent-antibody technique, were found in five of six strains of normal mice. although antibody titers varied widely among the control and steroid-treated mice, they were inversely proportional to the intensity of p. carinii infection in the lungs. in se ...	1982	6976938
mycobacterium xenopi: infection in an immunocompromised host.	mycobacterium xenopi was isolated from bronchoscopic and resected lung specimens from a patient who had diabetes mellitus and chronic myelogenous leukemia. while in remission, the patient developed spreading pulmonary infiltrates and died. at postmortem examination, acid fast bacilli were found in enormous numbers in histologic preparations of pulmonary hilar and mesenteric lymph nodes. concomitant pulmonary infection with aspergillus, pneumocystis carinii, and cytomegalovirus was also evident. ...	1982	7106749
[lesions of the lungs in children with acute leukemia].	investigation of the lungs of 65 children who died of acute leukemia, revealed pathological alterations in 39 of them. specific leukemic infiltration of the lung parenchyma was found in 29.3%, but it did not play an important role in tanathogenesis. pneumonias were diagnosed in 46.1% of the observations being the main cause of death in 23%. the inflammatory processes showed a marked tendency for spread because of low immunologic responsiveness of the patients and poor neutrophil reaction. becaus ...	1982	6962689
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: neuroradiologic findings.	central nervous system complications depicted by ct in ten patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are described. three patients had multifocal intra-axial enhancing lesions representing atypical brain abscesses (two with toxoplasmosis, one with candidiasis). a fourth patient with multifocal "ring" lesions whose biopsy was interpreted as suggestive of toxoplasmosis responded poorly to treatment. following his death three months later of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, autopsy revealed p ...	1983	6622693
biological profile and response to anti-pneumocystis agents of pneumocystis carinii in cell culture.	although the growth characteristics of pneumocystis carinii have been described in several cell culture systems, the response of this organism to the drugs of choice, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pentamidine isethionate, have not been described in vitro. the effect of various concentrations of drugs against p. carinii on the growth of this potentially hazardous opportunistic organism as well as the methodology for in vitro assay of these agents have been detailed. fluorescence profiles illu ...	1983	6607029
[pathology review. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].		1983	6335968
rapid diagnosis of legionnaires' disease by latex agglutination.	we developed a latex agglutination test to detect antigen(s) of serogroup 1 legionella pneumophila in urine and evaluated its ability to diagnose legionnaires' disease. antigen was detected in 46, or 70%, of 66 patients with serogroup 1 legionnaires' disease but in none of 51 patients with various bacteremic infections nor 60 with urinary tract infections. one of 50 patients with other pulmonary infections was antigen-positive, an immunosuppressed patient with pneumocystis carinii infection. sev ...	1983	6846937
open lung biopsy in the immunocompromised pediatric patient.	rapidly progressive pulmonary distress occurs as a secondary complication in immunocompromised pediatric patients. these patients usually develop a pattern of diffuse alveolar and/or interstitial infiltrates on chest x-ray and pursue a rapidly downhill course despite intensive respiratory support with the use of multiple and varied antimicrobial regimens. these patients are subjected to diagnostic open lung biopsies to establish a diagnosis. the diagnostic value of open lung biopsy and its curre ...	1983	6607332
[epidemiologic studies on the incidence of pneumocystis carinii infection in children with chronic respiratory tract diseases].		1983	6607486
acquired immune deficiency syndrome. the first cases in finland.	we report here on the first two patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in finland. the first patient, a 37-year-old man, had kaposi's sarcoma and the other, a 26-year-old man, had pneumonia due to pneumocystis carinii. both patients were homosexuals and showed a marked defect in cell-mediated immunity consistent with the definition of aids. both patients were found in a screening survey of homosexual men in helsinki.	1983	6607697
[etiology of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a healthy woman].		1983	6610012
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adult patients--importance of early diagnosis].		1983	6610068
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.	the antimicrobial combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is active in vitro against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. clinically, it is useful for treatment and prophylaxis of various infections of the genitourinary tract and certain infections of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole by itself or in combination with other antimicrobial agents is effective for most nocardia asteroides infections. it is the antimicrobial agent of ...	1983	6600803
[acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and opportunistic infections in a female].	case report on a 49-year-old woman who contracted acute hepatitis b during a trip to haiti in 1977. the hepatitis healed and the patient was in good health until july 1982 when she died of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia despite early treatment. this case resembles the acquired immune deficiency syndrome recently described in the united states among homosexuals and haitians.	1983	6600850
chronic granulomatous disease and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.		1983	6600853
a natural source of infection due to pneumocystis carinii.		1983	6601170
experimental pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in c3h/hej and c3heb/fej mice.	c3h mice develop heavier degrees of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia than other mouse strains tested. we have compared p. carinii pneumonia in two strains of c3h mice: c3h/hej mice, which are unresponsive to the effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps), have defects in macrophage function, and have increased antibody responses to orally administered t-dependent antigens; and c3heb/fej mice, which are immunologically normal. p. carinii pneumonia was induced by corticosteroids, and the intensit ...	1983	6601189
phospholipase activities of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in rat pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.	respiratory distress, main clinical symptom of p. carinii pneumonia, is unexplained. we wondered if it could be linked with a lung surfactant anomaly. we have shown in the bronchoalveolar fluid lavage of p. carinii-infected rats: a very significant decrease of the phospholipid content; a lowering of the phospholipid/protein ratio; and an increase in phospholipase activities, partly due to the activation of an inactive phospholipase into the active form. we conclude that, in p. carinii-infected r ...	1983	6601489
attachment of pneumocystis carinii to type i alveolar cells studied by freeze-fracture electron microscopy.	pneumocystis carinii was tightly attached to host alveolar type i cells, as judged by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. in contrast to other organisms studied by this technique, no changes in the cell membranes of p. carinii or the host cells could be demonstrated. these data suggest that p. carinii attaches in an unusual manner.	1983	6601624
[serological diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii infections].		1983	6601865
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].		1983	6601889
tracheal aspirate examination for pneumocystis carinii cysts as a guide to therapy in pneumocystis pneumonia.		1983	6602215
[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].		1983	6602234
acquired immune deficiency syndrome.	the first australian case of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), which occurred in a 27-year-old homosexual man, is reported. the patient, an american citizen now resident in sydney, presented with life-threatening pulmonary consolidation. aids is characterized by severe defects in cell-mediated immunity associated with infections and neoplasms (most commonly pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and kaposi's sarcoma). the cause of the syndrome is unknown, but it may be a new infectious agent.	1983	6602267
atypical pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: the potential hazards of empiric treatment.	pneumocystis carinii pneumonia occurred in two patients with unusual clinical findings. in one case, p carinii infection was diagnosed for the first time in a patient with crohn's disease. due to the lack of typical features in both cases an empiric trial of antimicrobial therapy could have delayed diagnosis and initiation of specific treatment for p carinii. contrariwise, without histologic confirmation, specific therapy for p carinii pneumonia might have been mistakenly discontinued in the sec ...	1983	6602384
[pneumocystis carinii? infection in newborn infants].		1983	6602421
pneumocystis carinii: a diagnostic dilemma.		1983	6602973
[pulmonary infections caused by pneumocystis carinii].	the following topics are discussed: 1. pneumocystis carnii: appearance, antigenic structure, pathogenicity...; 2. human pneumocytosis: clinical, diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic aspects; 3. pneumocystis carnii and the pneumocystoses: coexistence, theoretical and practical consequences, difficulties in interpretation of bronchiolo-alveolar lavage.	1983	6603005
immunological studies of homosexual men with immunodeficiency and kaposi's sarcoma.	acquired immunodeficiency and kaposi's sarcoma are epidemic among homosexual men in the united states. we have identified three clinically distinct disease syndromes in homosexually active men: a syndrome of severe cellular immunodeficiency including infection with pneumocystis carinii and other opportunistic pathogens, a syndrome of chronic benign lymphadenopathy without severe opportunistic infections, and kaposi's sarcoma. all 46 patients which we have studied with these three disease syndrom ...	1983	6603314
[pneumocystis carinii infection in parturients].		1983	6603390
acquired immune deficiency syndrome. a deadly new disease.	the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) represents a new epidemic of major proportions. risk factors include homosexuality, intravenous drug abuse, haitian descent, and multiple transfusion in the presence of hemophilia a. the etiology of aids remains unknown, but there is increasing evidence implicating a transmissible infectious agent and/or multiple antigenic exposures inducing a loss of immunoregulation. in a high-risk patient, the features of weight loss, generalized lymphadenopathy, ...	1983	6603612
national case-control study of kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men: part 1. epidemiologic results.	to identify risk factors for the occurrence of kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men, we conducted a case-control study in new york city, san francisco, los angeles, and atlanta. fifty patients (cases) (39 with kaposi's sarcoma, 8 with pneumocystis pneumonia, and 3 with both) and 120 matched homosexual male controls (from sexually transmitted disease clinics and private medical practices) participated in the study. the variable most strongly associated with illnes ...	1983	6603806
acquired immune deficiency syndrome in the united states: the first 1,000 cases.	between june 1981 and february 1983, the centers for disease control (atlanta) received reports of 1,000 patients living in the united states who met a surveillance definition for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). seventy-three percent of these patients were diagnosed after january 1, 1982. the 1,000 patients included 284 with kaposi's sarcoma (ks), 497 with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), 83 with ks and pcp, and 136 with opportunistic infections other than pcp. the overall m ...	1983	6604115
pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia and intact t cell immunity.		1983	6604148
[acquired immune deficiency syndrome, opportunistic infections and kaposi's sarcoma: epidemic of a new disease].	during the last two years a new syndrome has been recognized which involves a severe acquired cellular immunodeficiency. more than 1300 cases have already been identified, mainly in the united states. clinically the patients present with opportunistic infections, especially pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and/or tumors (often a kaposi sarcoma). frequently this is preceded by a prodromal phase with fever, weight loss and lymphadenopathies. the overall mortality is over 40% and may reach 100%. gro ...	1983	6604313