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immunoproteomic assay of membrane-associated proteins of streptococcus suis type 2 china vaccine strain ha9801.immunoproteomic approaches were undertaken to study the immunogenicity of the membrane-associated proteins of the streptococcus suis type 2 (ss2) china vaccine strain ha9801. the membrane-associated proteins were enriched using the triton x-114 extraction protocol and were analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) and subsequent immunoblotting using the hyperimmune serum of ss2-ha9801-immunized specific pathogen free (spf) minipigs. a total of 11 proteins were recognized, and the co ...200717803514
[research advancement of human streptococcus suis epidemiology]. 200717850719
existence and characterization of allelic variants of sao, a newly identified surface protein from streptococcus suis.surface antigen one (sao) is a newly identified protein from the major zoonotic pathogen, streptococcus suis. in search of functional proteins related to the pathogenesis of chinese s. suis 2 (ss2), unexpectedly, a variant of sao protein was obtained. to test its prevalence in s. suis, pcr assay was adopted to address the coding genes systematically. it was found that there are three allelic variants of sao gene, namely sao-s, sao-m, and sao-l based on the different lengths of the genes (approxi ...200717854470
the streptococcus pyogenes serotype m49 nra-ralp3 transcriptional regulatory network and its control of virulence factor expression from the novel eno ralp3 epf saga pathogenicity region.many streptococcus pyogenes (group a streptococcus [gas]) virulence factor- and transcriptional regulator-encoding genes cluster together in discrete genomic regions. nra is a central regulator of the fct region. previous studies exclusively described nra as a transcriptional repressor of adhesin and toxin genes. here transcriptome and proteome analysis of a serotype m49 gas strain and an isogenic nra mutant of this strain revealed the complete nra regulon profile. nra is active in all growth ph ...200717893125
studies probe microbes in raw milk, swine. 200717895451
[study on the molecular epidemiology of streptococcus suis type 2 from healthy pigs in guangxi].in order to investigate the positive rate of streptococcus suis type 2 and the genes of their suilysin (sly), extracellular protein (epf) and muramidasa-released protein ( mrp) and to understand the antibiotic susceptibility of s. suis type 2.200717939392
[development and characterization of monoclonal antibody against m-like protein of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus from pig].streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus belongs to lancefield group c streptococcus, which can cause disease both in animals and humans. it has been associated with a wide variety of serious infections, including meningitis, pneumonia, septic arthritis and mastitis. the m like proteins on the surface of s. equi subsp. zooepidemicus have an antiphagocytic role analogous to that of group a streptococcal m proteins that are essential in establishing infection. in the present study, the m-like gene ...200717944378
[clinical features and outcome of infection of type 2 streptococcus suis in human].to analysis the clinical features and efficacy of treatment for patients with type 2 streptococcus suis (s. suis 2) infection, and to inform better diagnosis and treatment of s. suis 2.200717953382
disruption of srta gene in streptococcus suis results in decreased interactions with endothelial cells and extracellular matrix proteins.streptococcus suis, a major pathogen of swine, is an emerging zoonotic agent which causes meningitis and septic shock. in this study, we investigated the ability of s. suis mutant strain (srtdeltaa) lacking the sortase a gene (srta) to interact with host cells and extracellular matrix (ecm) proteins, as well as its virulence in a mouse infection model. we demonstrated that mutant srtdeltaa had reduced capacity to adhere to and invade porcine brain microvascular endothelial cells compared to the ...200817954016
detection of respiratory pathogens in porcine lung tissue and lavage fluid.the objective of this study was to compare the detection rate of bacterial agents in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf), taken without visual control, to that in affected lung tissue obtained from the same pig at necropsy. balf and affected lung tissue were examined for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae using pcr, and standard cultural methods were used for actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, bordetella bronchiseptica, haemophilus parasuis, pasteurella multocida and streptococcus suis. all pigs with a hist ...200817339121
16s ribosomal rna-based methods to monitor changes in the hindgut bacterial community of piglets after oral administration of lactobacillus sobrius s1.16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene based pcr/denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and real-time pcr were used to monitor the changes in the composition of microbiota in the hindgut of piglets after oral administration of lactobacillus sobrius s1. six litters of neonatal piglets were divided randomly into control group and treatment group. at 7, 9, and 11 days of age, piglets in the treatment group orally received a preparation of l. sobrius s1. at 7, 14, 21(weaning), 24, and 35 days of age, ...200818272412
[identification and characterization of a novel infection-related factor (cell wall hydrolase/autolysin) of streptococcus suis serotype 2].streptococcus suis serotype 2 (ss2) is an economically important, zoonotic agent causing death and disease in both human and swine. according to published ss2 european strain p1/7 complete genomic sequence, primers for detection and amplification autolysin were designed. autolysin gene was detected by pcr with genomic dna of ha9801 (jiangsu isolate), zy05719 (sichuan isolate), atcc43765 (reference strain), other ss2 isolates from different regions, and strains of other different serotypes (such ...200818338579
[streptococcus suis meningitis after oral contamination?]. 200818339498
functional definition and global regulation of zur, a zinc uptake regulator in a streptococcus suis serotype 2 strain causing streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.zinc is an essential trace element for all living organisms and plays pivotal roles in various cellular processes. however, an excess of zinc is extremely deleterious to cells. bacteria have evolved complex machineries (such as efflux/influx systems) to control the concentration at levels appropriate for the maintenance of zinc homeostasis in cells and adaptation to the environment. the zur (zinc uptake regulator) protein is one of these functional members involved in the precise control of zinc ...200818723622
meningitis in a butcher.streptococcus suis is a common pathogen in swine and infection in humans is rarely reported. when it does occur, it is considered an occupational risk associated with the handling of carcasses. meningitis is one of the most life-threatening manifestations of s suis infection. this case of meningitis in a butcher is reported to create awareness of this zoonotic disease. the report highlights the importance of an occupational history and a meticulous general physical examination looking for cuts a ...200818723720
[mlst typing of streptococcus suis isolated from clinical patients in guangdong province in 2005].objective: intensive surveillance of human s.suis infection was carried out in july and august of 2005 in guangdong province, which coincided with the sichuan outbreak. five isolated cases of human infections were identified during this period, from which 5 s. suis serotype 2 isolates were recovered. mlst analysis showed that these 5 isolates shared identical sequences of 6 mlst housekeeping genes except for one point mutation found within the thra gene fragment, a neutral mutation (tta to ttg) ...200818753081
isolation and characterization of alpha-enolase, a novel fibronectin-binding protein from streptococcus suis.streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen that causes meningitis, endocarditis, arthritis and septicaemia. as a zoonotic agent, s. suis also causes similar diseases in humans. binding of pathogenic bacteria to extracellular matrix components enhances their adhesion to and invasion of host cells. in the present study we isolated and identified a novel fibronectin-binding protein from s. suis. the native protein (designated sseno) possessed not only high homology with other bacterial enola ...200818757800
development and use of a multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for detection and differentiation of porcine circovirus-2 genotypes 2a and 2b in an epidemiological survey.by the end of 2004, the canadian swine population had experienced a severe increase in the incidence of porcine circovirus-associated disease (pcvad), a problem that was associated with the emergence of a new porcine circovirus-2 genotype (pcv-2b), previously unrecovered in north america. thus, it became important to develop a diagnostic tool that could differentiate between the old and new circulating genotypes (pcv-2a and pcv-2b, respectively). consequently, a multiplex real-time quantitative ...200818776085
[construction of revs gene knock-out mutant of streptococcus suis serotype 2].to construct a gene knock-out mutant of response regulator named revs in streptococcus suis serotype 2 virulent strain 05zyh33, and to investigate the effects of its deletion on the biological characters of this pathogen and the pathogenesis to mice and piglets.200818785481
[immunoproteomic assay of secretive proteins from streptococcus suis type 2 strain sc84].to identify antigenic proteins secreted by streptococcus suis (s. suis) type 2 strain sc84.200818788527
[rapid detection of the antibody against streptococcus suis serotype 2 by up-converting phosphor technology]. 200818788540
streptococcus suis stimulates icam-1 shedding from microvascular endothelial cells.in this study, we hypothesized that streptococcus suis induces the shedding of adhesion molecules from the surface of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hbmec), which may contribute to the ongoing pathophysiological processes of meningitis. when hbmec were stimulated with whole cells of s. suis s735, significantly larger amounts of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sicam-1) were shed into conditioned medium while basal levels of soluble e-cadherin and p-selectin were unaffecte ...200818801041
mitogenic effect contributes to increased virulence of streptococcus suis sequence type 7 to cause streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome.streptococcus suis serotype 2 sequence type 7 strains emerged in 1996 and caused a streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome in 1998 and 2005 in china. evidence indicated that the virulence of s. suis sequence type 7 had increased, but the mechanism was unknown. the sequence type 7 strain sc84, isolated from a patient with streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome during the sichuan outbreak, and the sequence type 1 strain 31533, a typical highly pathogenic strain isolated from a diseased pig, were ...200818803762
streptococcus suis in retail markets: how prevalent is it in raw pork?streptococcus suis present in raw pork meats sold in local retail markets was enumerated by most probable number (mpn)-pcr method. this method combined the conventional mpn technique with a specifically designed pcr assay based on the amplification of a 294-bp s. suis species-specific 16s rrna gene sequence. a total of 78 raw pork lean meat samples purchased at two different supermarkets (site a and b) and a wet market (site c) were tested. results indicated that s. suis could be detected from t ...200818804885
streptococcus suis infection and risk factors for mortality.streptococcus suis infection is a re-emerging zoonotic disease reported worldwide. this study is aimed to describe the clinical features and determine the risk factors for mortality of this life-threatening disease.200818835496
two cases of streptococcus suis endocarditis in australian piggery workers. 200818837692
streptococcus suis meningitis: the newest serious infectious disease.the authors report 41 patients with meningitis caused by streptococcus suis. the clinical feature of the meningitis is characteristic with severe sensorineural hearing loss, developing early during the course of meningitis. these patients were cured with high doses of penicillin or third generation cephalosporins but the deafness remained permanent. the mechanism of the cochlear and vestibular damage is uncertain; presumably, it is caused by some oto-toxins from bacteria. the disease may become ...200818672627
isolation and identification of a bacteriophage capable of infecting streptococcus suis type 2 strains.streptococcus suis (s. suis) type 2 infection is considered to be a major problem worldwide in the swine industry. studying phages of s. suis type 2 would be crucial for understanding the ecology and evolution of the gram-positive bacteria. however, at the present, very little is known about them. an s. suis type 2 bacteriophage, named smp, was isolated from nasal swabs of healthy bama minipigs and was characterized at the microbiological and molecular levels. phage smp had an isometric head of ...200818676101
crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of recombinant immunoglobulin g-binding protein from streptococcus suis.streptococcus suis, an important zoonotic pathogen, expresses immunoglobulin g-binding protein, which is thought to be helpful to the organism in eluding the host defence system. recombinant igg-binding protein expressed in escherichia coli has been crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. the crystals belonged to space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 38.98, b = 43.94, c = 78.17 a and one molecule in the asymmetric unit. diffraction data were collected to 2 ...200818678951
differentiation of highly virulent strains of streptococcus suis serotype 2 according to glutamate dehydrogenase electrophoretic and sequence type.the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) enzymes of 19 streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains, consisting of 18 swine isolates and 1 human clinical isolate from a geographically varied collection, were analyzed by activity staining on a nondenaturing gel. all seven (100%) of the highly virulent strains tested produced an electrophoretic type (et) distinct from those of moderately virulent and nonvirulent strains. by pcr and nucleotide sequence determination, the gdh genes of the 19 strains and of 2 high ...200818685014
identification of immunogenic cell wall-associated proteins of streptococcus suis serotype 2.streptococcus suis serotype 2 (ss2) is a porcine and human pathogen with adhesive and invasive properties. the absence of suitable vaccine or virulent marker can be the bottleneck to control ss2 infection. an immunoproteome-based approach was developed to identify candidate antigens of ss2 for vaccine development. hyperimmune sera, convalescent sera, and control sera were analyzed for reactivity by western blot against ss2 cell wall-associated proteins (waps) separated by 2-de. a total of 34 pro ...200818686301
[study on molecular epidemiology of major pathogenic streptococcus suis serotypes in middle part of jiangsu province].to determine the prevalence of streptococcus suis and major pathogenic serotypes in middle part of jiangsu province.200818686855
[study on the epidemiologic characteristics of human streptococcus suis infection in hechi city, guangxi]. 200818686873
allelic variation and prevalence of serum opacity factor among the streptococcus suis population.serum opacity factor of streptococcus suis (ofs) has recently been identified as a virulence determinant of an s. suis strain. in this study, we investigated the prevalence and variations of the ofs gene among 108 s. suis isolates from diseased and healthy pigs, and human patients. pcr screening and sequencing analysis showed that besides the ofs gene reported already (designated type 1), there were three allelic variants of ofs (designated types 2 to 4). type-1 and type-2 ofs genes were expecte ...200818349370
streptococcus suis: meningitis, spondylodiscitis and bacteraemia with a serotype 14 strain.meningitis and spondylodiscitis caused by streptococcus suis is a rare disease which is contracted by occupational exposure to pigs. we report a 54-y-old pig-farm worker with s. suis meningitis and septicaemia complicated with thoracal and lumbar spine spondylodiscitis. the s. suis strain involved in this case report was identified as serotype 14, which has only been described in 2 previous cases. it is important to report infection with s. suis as a work accident for compensation if the patient ...200818365920
immunoproteomic assay of surface proteins of streptococcus suis serotype 9.streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen responsible for a diverse group of diseases. studies on vaccines have focused on s. suis serotype 2 strains, which are the most invasive isolates worldwide. however, in china s. suis serotype 9 (ss9) is also a prevalent serotype, which is frequently isolated from diseased pigs. little is known about immunogenic proteins for ss9. therefore, an immunoproteomic-based approach was developed to identify immunogenic proteins of ss9. cell wall proteins ...200818371070
[acute streptococcus suis meningitis in a woman working in a meat market]. 200818381047
synthesis of multivalent streptococcus suis adhesion inhibitors by enzymatic cleavage of polygalacturonic acid and 'click' conjugation.a galabiose disaccharide building block was synthesized by an efficient pectinase cleavage of polygalacturonic acid and subsequent chemical functional group transformations. besides the disaccharide, the corresponding trisaccharide was also obtained and modified. the compounds were subsequently conjugated to dendrimers with up to eight end groups using 'click' chemistry. the compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of adhesion of the pathogen streptococcus suis in a hemagglutination assay and stro ...200818385849
cloning, expression and characterization of a cell wall surface protein, 6-phosphogluconate-dehydrogenase, of streptococcus suis serotype 2.streptococcus suis type 2 is a pathogen responsible for diverse diseases in both pigs and humans. in order to understand the pathogenesis of the s. suis type 2 infection, the gene encoding a cell surface protein, 6-phosphogluconate-dehydrogenase (6pgd) of s. suis type 2 was cloned and sequenced, and recombinant 6pgd protein (r6pgd) was produced in a prokaryotic expression system. sequence analysis of the cloned 6 pdg gene showed 82% similarity with streptococcus pneumoniae 6 pdg at the nucleic a ...200818403138
bacterial infections in pigs experimentally infected with nipah virus.nipah virus (niv; paramyxoviridae) caused fatal encephalitis in humans during an outbreak in malaysia in 1998/1999 after transmission from infected pigs. our previous study demonstrated that the respiratory, lymphatic and central nervous systems are targets for virus replication in experimentally infected pigs. to continue the studies on pathogenesis of niv in swine, six piglets were inoculated oronasally with 2.5 x 10(5) pfu per animal. four pigs developed mild clinical signs, one exudative epi ...200818405339
additions of killed whole cell bacteria preparations to freund complete adjuvant alter laying hen antibody response to soluble protein antigen.passive transfer of antibodies from hen to egg has value to both the producer of commercial polyclonal egg antibody and the producer of hatching eggs. water-in-oil emulsions are commonly amended with immune stimulants such as mycobacteria (e.g., freund complete adjuvant; fca) to increase antibody production to soluble protein antigens (spa). recent discoveries of the mechanisms by which microbial products act as adjuvants led us to hypothesize that additions of killed whole cell bacteria (bacter ...200818420981
streptococcus suis meningitis: first case report from portugal. 200818433873
spread of streptococcus suis sequence type 7, china.streptococcus suis sequence type (st) 7 has been spreading throughout china. to determine events associated with its emergence, we tested 114 isolates. in all 106 st7 strains responsible for human outbreaks and sporadic infections, the tetracycline-resistance gene, tetm, was detected on the conjugative transposon tn916. horizontal transmission of tetm is suspected.200818439362
an australian case of streptococcus suis toxic shock syndrome associated with occupational exposure to animal carcasses.streptococcus suis is known to cause sporadic infections in people who have occupational exposure to pigs and pig meat. a large outbreak occurred in china in 2005, where there was 62% mortality among those who developed toxic shock syndrome. despite s. suis being common in pigs, this is the first published report of a human case of s. suis toxic shock syndrome in australia.200818459929
predominant bacteria recovered from a periodontitis site in a hamster model raised by silk-ligature with porphyromonas gingivalis infection.we isolated oral bacteria that coexisted with porphyromonas gingivalis in a hamster periodontitis model. as predominant bacteria in the periodontitis site, collinsella-reltaed strains, eubacterium-reltaed strains, streptococcus suis-related strains, and veillonella parvula-reltaed strains were detected. in addition, actinomyces, bacteroides, and p. gingivalis were also isolated predominantly. the results suggest that the bacterial composition of the periodontitis site in hamsters is complex, as ...200818460794
salk/salr, a two-component signal transduction system, is essential for full virulence of highly invasive streptococcus suis serotype 2.streptococcus suis serotype 2 (s. suis 2, ss2) has evolved into a highly infectious entity, which caused the two recent large-scale outbreaks of human ss2 epidemic in china, and is characterized by a toxic shock-like syndrome. however, the molecular pathogenesis of this new emerging pathogen is still poorly understood.200818461172
d-alanylation of lipoteichoic acid contributes to the virulence of streptococcus suis.we generated by allelic replacement a deltadlta mutant of a virulent streptococcus suis serotype 2 field strain and evaluated the contribution of lipoteichoic acid (lta) d-alanylation to the virulence traits of this swine pathogen and zoonotic agent. the absence of lta d-alanylation resulted in increased susceptibility to the action of cationic antimicrobial peptides. in addition, and in contrast to the wild-type strain, the deltadlta mutant was efficiently killed by porcine neutrophils and show ...200818474639
in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of streptococcus suis strains isolated from clinically healthy sows in china.streptococcus suis is an important pathogen in the swine industry. because transmission is generally thought to occur between healthy carrier sows and their offspring, it is important to understand which antimicrobial agents are likely to be effective against the strains isolated. this study is the first to report on the antimicrobial susceptibility of s. suis isolated from clinical healthy sows. from 2005 to 2007 a total of 421 s. suis isolates were recovered from sows in china and subjected to ...200818499362
prevalence of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, actinobacillus suis, haemophilus parasuis, pasteurella multocida, and streptococcus suis in representative ontario swine herds.tonsillar and nasal swabs were collected from weanling pigs in 50 representative ontario swine herds and tested for the presence of 5 important bacterial upper respiratory tract pathogens. all but 1 herd (2%) tested positive for streptococcus suis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr); 48% of herds were s. suis serovar 2, 1/2 positive. in all but 2 herds there was evidence of haemophilus parasuis infection. in contrast, toxigenic strains of pasteurella multocida were detected by a p. multocida--enz ...200818505187
distribution of streptococcus suis capsular types from 2001 to 2007. 200818512456
streptococcus suis meningitis in the netherlands.we present four patients with streptococcus suis meningitis identified during a 3.5-year prospective surveillance study in the netherlands. all cases were associated with exposure to pigs. patients presented with classic symptoms and signs of bacterial meningitis. outcome was characterized by severe hearing loss. physicians should be aware of occupational exposure with s. suis and risk of meningitis associated with this pathogen.200818538852
fibrinogen induces biofilm formation by streptococcus suis and enhances its antibiotic resistance.in this study, we showed that supplementing the culture medium with fibrinogen induced biofilm formation by streptococcus suis in a dose-dependent manner. biofilm-grown s. suis cells were much more resistant to penicillin g than planktonic cells. s. suis bound fibrinogen to its surface, a property that likely contributes to biofilm formation.200818539785
structural basis of the zinc- and terbium-mediated inhibition of ferroxidase activity in dps ferritin-like proteins.streptococcus suis dpr is an iron-binding protein involved in oxidative stress resistance. it belongs to the bacterial dps protein family whose members form dodecameric assemblies. previous studies have shown that zinc and terbium inhibit iron incorporation in listeria innocua dps protein. in order to gain structural insights into the inhibitory effect of zinc and terbium, the crystal structures of streptococcus suis dpr complexes with these ions were determined at 1.8 a and 2.1 a, respectively. ...200818552126
changes in abundance of lactobacillus spp. and streptococcus suis in the stomach, jejunum and ileum of piglets after weaning.this present study investigated the changes in bacterial community composition, with an emphasis on lactobacillus spp. and streptococcus suis populations as potentially beneficial and harmful groups, in the stomach, jejunum and ileum of piglets after weaning (21 days postpartum) by 16s rrna gene-based methods. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed that, after weaning, predominant bands related to lactobacillus spp. disappeared and were replaced by potential pathogenic species, ...200818554303
occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens and indicator bacteria in pigs in different european countries from year 2002 - 2004: the arbao-ii study.the project "antibiotic resistance in bacteria of animal origin - ii" (arbao-ii) was funded by the european union (fair5-qlk2-2002-01146) for the period 2003-05. the aim of this project was to establish a program for the continuous monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic and indicator bacteria from food animals using validated and harmonised methodologies. in this report the first data on the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria causing infections in pigs are re ...200818554407
comparative proteome analysis of secreted proteins of streptococcus suis serotype 9 isolates from diseased and healthy pigs.streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen responsible for a variety of human diseases. investigations of virulence factors have focused on s. suis serotype 2 strains (ss2), which are the most invasive isolates worldwide. however, s. suis serotype 9 (ss9) is also a prevalent serotype. unlike ss2, little is known about virulence factors for ss9. the two strains, gz0565 and sh040917, were isolated from a diseased pig and a healthy pig, respectively. the virulence of these two ss9 strains wa ...200818554861
streptococcus suis type 2 culture supernatant enhances the infection ability of the swine influenza virus h3 subtype in mdck cells.swine influenza virus and streptococcus suis type 2 often occur as a clinical coinfection in pigs, the syndrome of which is more serious than the virus or bacterium sole infection. streptococcus suis type 2 can produce extracellular proteases, which may cleave hemagglutinin to enhance the infection ability of swine influenza virus. the current study investigated whether extracellular proteolytic culture supernatant of streptococcus suis type 2, isolated from jiangsu, enhanced the infection abili ...200818557523
polysaccharide capsule and suilysin contribute to extracellular survival of streptococcus suis co-cultivated with primary porcine phagocytes.streptococcus suis is a major cause of meningitis, sepsis and arthritis in piglets and a zoonotic agent. survival in the blood circulation system represents a major step in pathogenesis of s. suis infections. to get further insights into the mechanisms of s. suis survival in the host, we compared a highly virulent s. suis serotype 2 strain with its non-encapsulated and suilysin-deficient mutants in their abilities to resist phagocytosis and killing by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) and mon ...200818565698
comparison of the susceptibilities of c57bl/6 and a/j mouse strains to streptococcus suis serotype 2 infection.streptococcus suis is an important swine and human pathogen. assessment of susceptibility to s. suis using animal models has been limited to monitoring mortality rates. we recently developed a hematogenous model of s. suis infection in adult cd1 outbred mice to study the in vivo development of an early septic shock-like syndrome that leads to death and a late phase that clearly induces central nervous system damage, including meningitis. in the present study, we compared the severities of septic ...200818573893
[isolation and identification of the temperate bacteriophage from isolated strains of streptococcus suis serotype 2].a pcr assay was developed to study the distributional characteristics of phage integrase gene in streptococcus suis serotype 2 (ss2). a 323bp distinct dna target can be amplified in 25 strains of virulent ss2, while can not be amplified in avirulent strain t15, 5 strains of other serotypes (ss1, ss7, ss9) and strains of group c streptococcus strains from pigs, which suggested that the phage integrase gene may be related to the pathogenicity of ss2 and can be consider as a detection factor of the ...200818590238
identification and characterization of novel immunogenic proteins of streptococcus suis serotype 2.streptococcus suis, a zoonotic pathogen, caused serious outbreaks in humans with high mortality rates in the past decade. to develop safer and more effective vaccines, particularly for human protection, cell wall and extracellular proteins of s. suis serotype 2 were analyzed by an immunoproteomic approach in this study. thirty-two proteins with high immunogenicity were identified and 22 of them were newly identified. further analyses of 9 selected proteins revealed that (1) these 9 proteins were ...200818630869
dexamethasone prevents alteration of tight junction-associated proteins and barrier function in porcine choroid plexus epithelial cells after infection with streptococcus suis in vitro.apart from antibiotic treatment in bacterial meningitis supportive therapy including dexamethasone is widely used. in investigations on the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis we previously demonstrated that streptococcus suis (s. suis), a relevant cause of bacterial meningitis in pigs and humans, affects porcine choroid plexus epithelial cell (pcpec) barrier function. the choroid plexus epithelium constitutes the structural basis of the blood-csf barrier. now, we investigated the role of tight ...200818644352
proteome analysis of streptococcus suis serotype 2.outbreaks in humans, caused by streptococcus suis serotype 2 (ss2), were reported in 1998 and 2005 in china. however, the mechanism of ss2-associated infection remains unclear. for the first time, a 2-d gel approach combined with ms was used to establish a comprehensive 2-d reference map for aiding our understanding of the pathogenicity of ss2. the identification of 694 out of 834 processed spots revealed 373 proteins. most of the identified proteins were located in the cytoplasm and were involv ...200818081191
streptococcus henryi sp. nov. and streptococcus caballi sp. nov., isolated from the hindgut of horses with oligofructose-induced laminitis.four gram-positive, catalase-negative, coccoid-shaped isolates were obtained from the caecum and rectum of horses with oligofructose-induced equine laminitis. phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on these isolates. initial biochemical profiling assigned two of the isolates to streptococcus bovis. the other two isolates, however, could not be assigned conclusively on the basis of their biochemical profiles. gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the four new isolates were related ...200818175719
comparative analysis of whole genome structure of streptococcus suis using whole genome pcr scanning.an outbreak associated with streptococcus suis infection in humans emerged in sichuan province, china in 2005. the outbreak is atypical for the apparent large number of human cases, high fatality rate and geographical spread. to determine whether the bacterium has changed, we compared both human and animal isolates from the sichuan outbreak with those collected previously within china and in other countries using whole genome pcr scanning (wgpscaning) comparative sequencing of several known viru ...200818176787
analysis of the protective capacity of three streptococcus suis proteins induced under divalent-cation-limited conditions.streptococcus suis is a gram-positive pathogen that causes serious diseases in pigs and, in some cases, humans. three genes of the virulent s. suis 89/1591 strain, encoding putative divalent-cation-binding lipoproteins, were isolated based on information obtained from the draft annotation files of this organism's genome. the products of these genes, which are inducible by divalent-cation deprivation, were subsequently purified, and their immunogenic and protective abilities were analyzed. all th ...200818212084
enhancement of immunity and resistance in mice by pig il-6 gene and cpg motifs encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticle.this study was conducted to explore the synergetic effect of a novel plasmid containing a porcine il-6 gene and cpg motifs on immunity of mice in order to develop an effective adjuvant to boost resistance against infection. the synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing 11 cpg motifs was inserted into the reconstructed vr1020 plasmid containing the pig il-6 gene (vrpil6), designated vril6c, and then encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (cnp) prepared by ionic cross linkage, designated vril6c-cn ...200818213660
expression and characterization of recombinant gallinacin-9 and gallinacin-8 in escherichia coli.gallinacins (gal) are antimicrobial peptides that play significant roles in innate immunity in chickens. two gal genes--gal-8 and gal-9--were cloned and sequenced from chicken liver and tongue, respectively, by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). in addition, the mrna expression of these genes has been demonstrated across a panel of chicken tissues. it was demonstrated that gal-9 mrna was highly expressed in the tongue and small intestine and moderately expressed in the chi ...200818226919
transmission of pathogenic respiratory bacteria to specific pathogen free pigs at slaughter.the purpose of this study was to evaluate the transmission of pathogenic respiratory bacteria to thirteen 5-month-old specific pathogen free (spf) pigs, during the slaughtering process in a commercial slaughterhouse. before transportation, the spf pigs and the lorry were checked to confirm the absence of pathogenic respiratory bacteria. nine spf pigs (group 1) were in contact in a conventional slaughterhouse with finishing pigs, during 4h before slaughtering. four spf pigs (group 2) were slaught ...200818242013
streptococcus suis infection in hong kong: an emerging infectious disease?we conducted a 31-month retrospective review of all laboratory-confirmed streptococcus suis infections admitted to public hospitals in hong kong. strain identification, serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted on s. suis isolates. twenty-one sporadic cases were identified, comprising 18 (86%) males and 3 (14%) females. about half were patients aged 65 years. more cases occurred during summer. occupational exposure was documented in five (24%) cases. the estimated annual inci ...200818252026
human case of streptococcus suis serotype 16 infection.streptococcus suis infection is an emerging zoonosis in southeast asia. we report a fatal case of s. suis serotype 16 infection in a vietnamese man in 2001.200818258097
streptococcus suis in humans, thailand. 200818258106
streptococcus suis meningitis, united states. 200818258107
comparative evaluation of virulence and pathology of streptococcus suis serotypes 2 and 9 in experimentally infected growers.streptococcus (s.) suis is an invasive porcine pathogen causing meningitis, septicemia, arthritis and other diseases. studies on pathogenesis as well as vaccine trials have focused on serotype 2 strains, which are worldwide the most prevalent among invasive isolates. however, in europe serotype 9 strains also contribute substantially to s. suis-associated invasive diseases of piglets. the objective of this study was to determine the virulence of an mrp* sly+ serotype 9 s. suis strain in comparis ...200818068316
the key virulence-associated genes of streptococcus suis type 2 are upregulated and differentially expressed in vivo.streptococcus suis causes disease in both pigs and humans. many virulence genes, including mrp, ef, sly, gapdh, fbps, and hyl, are shown to contribute to s. suis pathogenesis. in this study, the differential expression of the key s. suis serotype 2 virulence-associated genes was monitored 24 and 48 h after infection of hela cells. gene expression was further investigated in bacteria harvested from the blood, lungs, brains, and synovia of swine 24, 48, and 72 h postintravenous infection with s. s ...200818005162
researchers scan horizon for emerging infectious disease threats. 200819020179
[streptococcus suis meningitis in an immunocompetent patient].a case of streptococcus suis meningitis is described in an immunocompetent patient presenting asthenia, general weakness, fever, vomiting, sensory deterioration and temporospatial disorder. the cerebrospinal fluid and two blood cultures (2/2 bottles) were positive. the isolate was preliminary identified by conventional biochemical tests, and the identification was completed at the special bacteriology service of inei-anlis "dr. carlos g. malbrán". ampicillin and ceftriaxone treatment was initiat ...200819024502
hemoglobin and streptococcus suis cell wall act in synergy to potentiate the inflammatory response of monocyte-derived macrophages.streptococcus suis, a major swine pathogen world-wide, can trigger macrophages to secrete large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines, which increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. in this study, we hypothesized that hemoglobin may potentiate the inflammatory response of human macrophages stimulated with a s. suis cell-wall preparation. monocyte-derived macrophages were stimulated with the s. suis cell-wall preparation in the presence or absence of human hemoglobin, and the secretio ...200819039059
streptococcus suis meningitis in adults in vietnam.streptococcus suis infection is an emerging zoonosis in asia. we determined the detailed epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological characteristics of s. suis meningitis in adults.200819413493
[development of a protocol on pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis for streptococcus suis].to develop a pfge protocol for streptococcus suis.200818956681
[putative lipoproteins of streptococcus suis type 2 identified by bioinformatic genome analysis].to identify putative lipoproteins of streptococcus suis serotype 2 (ss2).200818956763
significant contribution of the pgda gene to the virulence of streptococcus suis.streptococcus suis is a major swine pathogen and emerging zoonotic agent. in this study we have determined the muropeptide composition of s. suis peptidoglycan (pg) and found, among other modifications, n-deacetylated compounds. comparison with an isogenic mutant showed that the product of the pgda gene is responsible for this specific modification which occurred in very low amounts. low level of pg n-deacetylation correlated with absence of significant lysozyme resistance when wild-type s. suis ...200818990186
cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate (kdpg) aldolase from streptococcus suis serotype 2.2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate (kdpg) adolase from pathogenic streptococcus suis serotype 2 was crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 291 k. x-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.8 a resolution. the crystal belonged to space group r32, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 126.4, c = 415.9 a, alpha = beta = 90, gamma = 120 degrees . assuming the presence of six molecules in the asymmetric unit gave a v(m) value of 2.32 a(3) da(-1) and a solvent content of 47.12%.200818997324
exposure to streptococcus suis among us swine workers.despite numerous cases of human infection with streptococcus suis worldwide, human disease is rarely diagnosed in north america. we studied 73 swine-exposed and 67 non-swine-exposed us adults for antibodies to s. suis serotype 2. serologic data suggest that human infection with s. suis occurs more frequently than currently documented.200819046523
streptococcus suis meningitis without history of animal contact, italy. 200819046529
overcoming function annotation errors in the gram-positive pathogen streptococcus suis by a proteomics-driven approach.annotation of protein-coding genes is a key step in sequencing projects. protein functions are mainly assigned on the basis of the amino acid sequence alone by searching of homologous proteins. however, fully automated annotation processes often lead to wrong prediction of protein functions, and therefore time-intensive manual curation is often essential. here we describe a fast and reliable way to correct function annotation in sequencing projects, focusing on surface proteomes. we use a proteo ...200819061494
[the emergence of candidate pathogenicity island 89k dna sequence of streptococcus suis isolated from sporadic patients in zhejiang province].to identify the presence of candidate pathogenicity island 89k dna sequence of streptococcus suis serotype 2 (ss2) strains isolated from patient in zhejiang province.200819173936
[progress on the molecular typing of streptococcus suis]. 200819173979
[identification and detection of trag: a new infection-related gene expressed in vivo from isolates of streptococcus suis].the trag (transfer gene g) was one of the novel infection-related factors identified by in vivo-induced antigen technology (iviat) from streptococcus suis type 2 expression libraries with swine convalesecent sera in our former research. we detected the distribution of trag in different streptococcus suis isolates and identify the differential expression of the new infection-related factor between in vivo and in vitro condition.200819271540
hearing and vestibular loss in streptococcus suis infection from swine and traditional raw pork exposure in northern thailand.to describe a series of 40 culture-proven, streptococcus suis infected patients, focusing on route of entry and on hearing and vestibular dysfunction.200919275779
genetic organization and preferential distribution of putative pilus gene clusters in streptococcus suis.recent analyses of streptococcus suis isolates using multilocus sequence typing (mlst) suggested the importance of sequence type (st) 1 and st27 complexes for animal hygiene and public health. in this study, to investigate whether pilus-associated genes in s. suis can be used as novel genetic markers for important clonal groups, we examined the correlation between sts and putative pilus-associated gene profiles in s. suis. genomic searches using sequenced genomes and sequence data determined in ...200919303725
[streptococcus suis meningitis in spain]. 200919306723
association of streptococcus pluranimalium with valvular endocarditis and septicaemia in adult broiler parents.the genus streptococcus consists of more than 60 species, but only streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus, streptococcus gallolyticus ssp. gallolyticus, streptococcus gallinaceus, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus mutans and streptococcus suis have been isolated from poultry. during investigations of the aetiology of increased mortality in broiler parent stock at the end of production, pure cultures of streptococcal-like organisms that could not be classified among these six species ...200919322715
protective capacities of cell surface-associated proteins of streptococcus suis mutants deficient in divalent cation-uptake regulators.many cell surface-associated, divalent cation-regulated proteins are immunogenic, and some of them confer protection against the bacterial species from which they are derived. in this work, two streptococcus suis divalent cation uptake regulator genes controlling zinc/manganese and iron uptake (adcr and fur, respectively) were inactivated in order to study the protective capacities of their cell surface-associated proteins. the results obtained showed overexpression of a set of immunogenic prote ...200919372168
resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin and clindamycin in streptococcus suis serotype 2 in hong kong. 200919380213
expression levels of immune markers in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infected pigs and their relation to breed and clinical symptoms.in pigs little is known about the role of innate immune defence in bacterial infections of the respiratory tract, despite their major role in pig production. in the present study we characterized and compared in vitro and in vivo activation of immune markers of different pig breeds 7 days before, and 4 and 21 days after an experimental aerosol infection with actinobacillus (a.) pleuropneumoniae.200919383119
[acute meningitis and spondylodiscitis due to streptococcus suis in a patient who had no contact with pigs or porcine products]. 200919403208
pathologic analysis of the brain from streptococcus suis type 2 experimentally infected pigs.streptococcus suis type 2 (s. suis 2) is known as a major porcine pathogen worldwide and causes meningitis, septicemia, endocarditis, arthritis, and septic shock in pigs. suilysin, a secreted protein of s. suis 2, is considered to be an important s. suis 2 virulence-associated factor. in this paper, the cerebellar lesions following experimental infection of pigs with s. suis 2 were studied. an immunohistochemical technique was applied to compare the distribution of bacteria and secreted suilysin ...200919176490
structural insight into the catalytic mechanism of gluconate 5-dehydrogenase from streptococcus suis: crystal structures of the substrate-free and quaternary complex enzymes.gluconate 5-dehydrogenase (ga5dh) is an nadp(h)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes a reversible oxidoreduction reaction between d-gluconate and 5-keto-d-gluconate, thereby regulating the flux of this important carbon and energy source in bacteria. despite the considerable amount of physiological and biochemical knowledge of ga5dh, there is little physical or structural information available for this enzyme. to this end, we herein report the crystal structures of ga5dh from pathogenic streptococcus ...200919177572
the orphan response regulator covr: a globally negative modulator of virulence in streptococcus suis serotype 2.streptococcus suis serotype 2 is an emerging zoonotic pathogen responsible for a wide range of life-threatening diseases in pigs and humans. however, the pathogenesis of s. suis serotype 2 infection is not well understood. in this study, we report that an orphan response regulator, covr, globally regulates gene expression and negatively controls the virulence of s. suis 05zyh33, a streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (stss)-causing strain. a covr-defective (deltacovr) mutant of 05zyh33 displayed d ...200919181815
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