Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| structural and serological analysis of citrobacter-036-specific polysaccharide, the homopolymer of (beta 1 leads to 2)-linked 4-deoxy-d-arabinohexopyranosyl units. | 1981 | 6173213 | |
| polysaccharides and their common proteinic carrier in the vi antigens of citrobacter ballerup and salmonella typhi ty2. | immunochemical analysis of citrobacter ballerup and salmonella typhi ty2 showed that the strains share native and heat-resistant proteins that are, apparently, the carriers of a common polysaccharidic determinant present in their respective somatic antigens. after the classic acetic acid hydrolysis, the somatic antigen of c. ballerup reacted, in agar gel, against the homologous antiserum by two precipitation lines, one of which also precipitated against the anti s, typhi ty2 serum; the hydrolysi ... | 1981 | 6176838 |
| characterization of conjugative r plasmids belonging to the new incompatibility group incu. | five conjugative plasmids governing different antibiotic resistance patterns were identified in wild strains of enteric bacteria isolated in czechoslovakia and the g.d.r. between 1976 and 1979. they have been characterized as members of the new incompatibility group incu (reference plasmid ra3 from japan). the molecular sizes of the incu plasmids ranged between 18 and 37 megadaltons; their restriction fragment patterns indicated them to be distinct types. | 1981 | 6279765 |
| [antibacterial activities of cefotiam against various pathogens isolated from clinical materials (author's transl)]. | bacteriological evaluation was made on cefotiam (ctm), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic, and the following results wer obtained. 1) ctm has shown very potent antibacterial activities against staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, edwardsiella tarda, citrobacter intermedius, salmonella, klebsiella, proteus mirabilis, proteus rettgeri, proteus inconstans, yersinia enterocolitica, aeromonas hydrophila, plesiomonas shigelloides and pseudomonas putrefaciens. 2) streptococcus faecalis, ... | 1982 | 6285018 |
| synergistic activity of mecillinam in combination with the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid and sulbactam. | the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid and sulbactam were combined with mecillinam. beta-lactamase-containing escherichia coli resistant to mecillinam was synergistically inhibited by both clavulanic acid and sulbactam. beta-lactamase-containing enterobacter was synergistically inhibited, but strains lacking beta-lactamases were not synergistically inhibited. synergistic inhibition was noted for beta-lactamase-containing, mecillinam-resistant klebsiella, citrobacter, serratia, and salmone ... | 1982 | 6291454 |
| a new restriction endonuclease from citrobacter freundii. | cfri, a new restriction endonuclease of unique substrate specificity, has been isolated from a citrobacterfreundii strain. the enzyme recognizes a degenerated sequence pyggccpu in double-strand dna and cleaves it between py and g residues to yield 5' -protruding tetranucleotide ends ggcc. | 1982 | 6294607 |
| cefotaxime: a review of in vitro antimicrobial properties and spectrum of activity. | cefotaxime has remarkable potency against all enterobacteriaceae, including enterobacter species, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, and morganella morganii, proteus vulgaris, and providencia species--all of which are resistant to earlier cephalosporins. cefotaxime generally inhibits greater than 90% of enteric bacilli at concentrations of less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml; in one study it inhibited greater than 98% of isolates at less than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml. for staphyloc ... | 1982 | 6294779 |
| comparative activity of cefotaxime and selected beta-lactam antibiotics against haemophilus influenzae and aerobic gram-negative bacilli. | the activity of cefotaxime was compared with that of ampicillin, moxalactam, and cefoperozone against 50 isolates of haemophilus influenzae and with that of ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, cefamandole, cefazolin, and several other established and investigational beta-lactam antibiotics against several hundred isolates of gram-negative aerobic enteric bacilli. minimal inhibitory concentrations of the drugs were determined by the agar plate dilution technique for h. influenzae a ... | 1982 | 6294790 |
| treatment of urinary tract infections with cefotaxime: noncomparative and prospective comparative trials. | three studies evaluated the efficacy of cefotaxime for the treatment of urinary tract infections. an open, multicenter, noncomparative trial included 477 patients who received a usual dose of 2 g of intravenous or intramuscular cefotaxime daily for five to 10 days. the maximal daily dosage in severe cases was 12 g. pathogens included escherichia coli and species of citrobacter, pseudomonas, klebsiella, enterobacter, serratia, morganella, providencia, and proteus. of all the causative organisms, ... | 1982 | 6294793 |
| localization of the structural gene of colicin a on the restriction map of the plasmid pcol a-ca 31 through hybridization with its messenger rna. | 1982 | 6177555 | |
| successful moxalactam therapy for gram-negative bacillary meningitis in neonates. | three neonates with gram-negative bacillary meningitis were treated with moxalactam after therapy with ampicillin plus aminoglycoside, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or chloramphenicol failed to sterilize the csf. clinical improvement and csf sterility occurred after therapy with moxalactam was initiated. moxalactam concentrations in csf exceeded mics of each organism. all three patients were cured of their infection. moxalactam appears to be an effective antibiotic for the treatment of neonatal ... | 1982 | 6210970 |
| in vitro activity of norfloxacin, a quinolinecarboxylic acid, compared with that of beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim. | norfloxacin is a quinolinecarboxylic acid compound. we examined the in vitro activity of this compound against gram-positive and -negative species, including anaerobic species. it inhibited 90% (mic90) of strains of escherichia coli at 0.05 microgram/ml, klebsiella sp. at 0.4 microgram/ml, salmonella and shigella spp. at 0.1 microgram/ml, citrobacter sp. at 0.4 microgram/ml, enterobacter cloacae at 0.2 microgram/ml, enterobacter aerogenes at 0.4 microgram/ml, and enterobacter agglomerans at 0.2 ... | 1982 | 6214995 |
| comparative synergistic activity of netilmicin-piperacillin versus gentamicin-piperacillin. | the synergistic action of the combination netilmicin-piperacillin in comparison to gentamicin-piperacillin was studied in 206 clinical isolates of staphylococci, enterococci, enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa by means of the checkerboard technique. overall, netilmicin-piperacillin acted synergistically against 31% and gentamicin-piperacillin against 14% of the 206 strains. in particular, synergism was more frequently observed with netilmicin-piperacillin against escherichia coli, cit ... | 1982 | 6217066 |
| complementary activity of mezlocillin and the combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid on enterobacteriaceae. | the mics of amoxicillin, mezlocillin and brl 25,000, a combination of two parts amoxicillin and one part clavulanic acid (2am + 1ca), were measured for 331 enterobacteriaceae strains which produced beta-lactamases as demonstrated by nitrocefin. the mic values for mezlocillin and the combination 2am + 1ca were very similar for the total number of the strains investigated. when investigated separately according to the bacterial species, three different sensitivity groups were established for the a ... | 1982 | 6218121 |
| antibacterial activity of n-formimidoyl thienamycin in comparison with cefotaxime, lamoxactam, cefoperazone, piperacillin gentamicin. | the in vitro activity of n-formimidoyl thienamycin (mk 0787), a new stable derivative of thienamycin was compared with that of lamoxactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, piperacillin and gentamicin against 410 clinical isolates of common bacteria. in comparison with the other agents, mk 0787 was more or equally active against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, citrobacter spp., klebsiella spp., and serratia spp. it inhibited all isolates at a concentration of 0.5 mg/l, b ... | 1982 | 6279523 |
| enteropathogenicity: recent developments. | recent studies have added important new information to our understanding of the pathogenesis and ethiology of diarrheal disease. vibrio cholerae produces a heat-labile enterotoxin, affecting cyclic amp. a very similar heat-labile enterotoxin is produced also by certain strains of escherichia coli, as well as by citrobacter, klebsiella, and aeromonas. e. coli may also produce a heat-stable enterotoxin, stimulating guanylate cyclase activity. in order to produce the pathologic effects, e. coli fir ... | 1982 | 6126611 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of e-0702, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin. | e-0702 is an antipseudomonal cephalosporin derivative which has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. its in vitro antibacterial activities were less than those of cefoperazone and cefotaxime against staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis, but were significantly high against gram-negative bacteria including the pseudomonas group. it was most characteristic that e-0702 showed high antibacterial activity agai ... | 1982 | 6100421 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of cefmenoxime. | the activity of cefmenoxime, an aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, was studied against 650 bacteria. it was slightly less active than cefotaxime and more active than moxalactam against staphylococci. it had activity similar to that of cefotaxime and ceftizoxime against group a and b streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae. it did not inhibit streptococcus faecalis or listeria spp. cefmenoxime had activity similar to that of cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, ceftazidime, and moxalactam against escherichia co ... | 1982 | 6100427 |
| [comparative in vitro activity of 5 semi-synthetic penicillins against aerobic gram-negative bacilli and enterococci (author's transl)]. | the mics and mbcs of mezlocillin, ticarcillin and piperacillin were determined by microdilution in liquid medium against 700 strains of gram-negative bacilli and enterococci isolated from pathological materials and classified according to their sensitivity of ampicillin and carbenicillin. strains sensitive to ampicillin and carbenicillin were usually sensitive to the other penicillins with weight for weight differences in activity. the mic pf mezlocillin against 40% of ampicillin - and carbenici ... | 1982 | 6460967 |
| [effect of oxygen and substrates for growth on the superoxide dismutase and catalase activity of microorganisms]. | the activity of superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase in azotobacter vinelandii, citrobacter freundii, rhodopseudomonas capsulata, thiocapsa roseopersicina and spirulina platensis is far higher when the cultures are grown under the aerobic conditions. the activities of sod and catalase are higher in r. capsulata cells cultivated in a medium with glucose in the dark under the aerobic conditions than in cells grown under the same conditions but in the light. r. capsulata grown in a medium with g ... | 1982 | 6803110 |
| antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of ceftazidime, an aminothiazolyl cephalosporin potentially active against pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of ceftazidime were evaluated against 700 gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. ceftazidime was less active than penicillins or older cephalosporins against staphylococcus spp. and streptococcus spp., and it did not inhibit streptococcus faecalis, listeria, or anaerobic species. ceftazidime was as active as ceftizoxime and moxalactam and more active than cefoperazone against escherichia coli. klebsiella, and proteus mirabilis with minimal in ... | 1982 | 6805421 |
| neonatal meningitis caused by citrobacter diversus: case report. | 1982 | 6810211 | |
| [rapid determination of the synergy of clavulanic acid and beta lactams by measuring the intracellular atp by bioluminescence]. | twenty clinical isolates of ampicillin- and carbenicillin-resistant or susceptible (two strains) gram-negative rods, producing at least one beta-lactamase, were examined for susceptibility to a combination of ampicillin or carbenicillin with clavulanic acid (enzymatic inhibitor). synergy was evaluated by the reduction of the beta-lactam agar dilution mic and by the measurement of intracellular ayp using firefly bioluminescence. the potentiation effect of clavulanic acid was variable, depending o ... | 1982 | 6819796 |
| evolutionary divergence of the citrobacter freundii tryptophan operon regulatory region: comparison with other enteric bacteria. | the regulatory region of the trp operon of citrobacter freundii was sequenced and compared with the corresponding regions of other enteric bacteria. significant differences were noted in the promoter region. these differences are presumably responsible for the weak expression of the cloned trp operon in escherichia coli. the presumed operator region, although nonfunctional in e. coli, has dyad symmetry, but the sequence of the symmetrical region differs appreciably from those of operators that c ... | 1982 | 6749821 |
| reliability of early identifications obtained with enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical cards in the automicrobic system. | the automicrobic system (ams) is capable of identifying most enterobacteriaceae within 8 h and many glucose-nonfermenting, gram-negative bacilli after 13 h of incubation. early preliminary results can be readily obtained from the computer as the tests incubate. data with 1,023 bacterial isolates were reviewed to determine the relative accuracy of 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, and 13-h identifications. all automicrobic system identifications with probability (p) values of less than 0.80 were considered equivo ... | 1982 | 6749890 |
| characterization of eight beta-lactamases of gram-negative bacteria. | eight kinds of beta-lactamases produced by gram-negative bacteria were characterized by the following properties: molecular weight, isoelectric point, ph optimum, molecular activity, immunochemical reactivity, and kinetic parameters with respect to twelve kinds of common beta-lactam antibiotics. these beta-lactamases included two types of penicillinases mediated by r plasmids and six kinds of species-specific cephalosporinases. to determine a reliable value of the kinetic parameter, km, we intro ... | 1982 | 6752115 |
| direct comparison of two mechanized systems for identification of gram-negative bacilli. autobac id system versus the auto microbic system (with ebc plus). | the auto microbic system (ams) is an almost completely automated system, capable of identifying enterobacteriaceae after 8 hours, and some glucose nonfermenters after 13 hours of incubation. the autobac id system is a mechanized, computer-assisted system capable of identifying enterobacteriaceae and many nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli within 3-6 hours. the present report combines the results of two independent studies, both of which evaluated the ams and the autobac id system compared wit ... | 1982 | 6753560 |
| characterization of indicator bacteria in municipal raw water, drinking water, and new main water samples. | municipal water samples were analyzed by membrane filter (mf) and presence-absence (p-a) tests for pollution indicator bacteria. in four years, 11 514 bacterial cultures were isolated from either raw water, drinking water, or new main water samples submitted to three environmental laboratories. the bacterial species occurring most often in all types of water samples were escherichia coli (11.6-39.7%), enterobacter aerogenes (18.1-26.3%), aeromonas hydrophila (8.8-17.0%), klebsiella pneumoniae (7 ... | 1982 | 6754044 |
| occurrence of bacterial pollution indicators in boulti (tilapia nilotica linn.) fish. | a study was made for the occurrence of coliform and streptococcal groups on the skin surface (32 samples), gills (32 samples), intestinal tract (4 samples) and raw fish flesh (4 samples) and raw fish flesh (4 samples) of boulti fish (tilapia nilotica linn.), a fresh water fish caught from nasser's lake in aswan. streptococcus group was detected in 13 samples taken from fish surface, 12 samples out of 32 swabs from gills. all intestine samples and raw fish flesh were positive for the streptococcu ... | 1982 | 6755931 |
| thin layer iso-electro focusing of intracellular bacterial protein in classification of some representatives of the families enterobacteriaceae and vibrionaceae. | intracellular bacterial protein from some representatives of the families enterobacteriaceae and vibrionaceae has been investigated using thin layer iso-electric focusing in polyacrylamide gel. a marked difference between the protein patterns was observed between species within the same family. carrying out the iso-electric focusing at ph range 3.5-9 gave a large number of protein bands. increased resolution of the protein bands was obtained using iso-electric focusing at the ph range 4-6.5. car ... | 1982 | 6756032 |
| comparison of three methods for identification of enterobacteriaceae. | this study compares the ability of three commercial overnight methods, api 20e, minitek and enteric-tek, to accurately and completely identify 368 clinically isolated enterobacteriaceae without supplemental tests. organisms included escherichia coli (54 strains), shigella spp. (7), edwardsiella tarda (1), salmonella enteritidis (10), citrobacter spp. (30), klebsiella spp. (55), enterobacter spp. (68), hafnia alvei (2), serratia spp. (33), proteus spp. (64), morganella morganii (24), providencia ... | 1982 | 6756905 |
| ceforanide: antibacterial activity, pharmacology, and clinical efficacy. | ceforanide is a new cephalosporin with a longer elimination half-life than any currently available cephalosporin. its activity is very similar to that of cefamandole, a second-generation cephalosporin, except that ceforanide is less active against most gram-positive organisms. many coliforms, including escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, and proteus, are susceptible to ceforanide, as are most strains of salmonella, shigella, hemophilus, citrobacter and arizona species. however, most stra ... | 1982 | 6762529 |
| activity of n-formimidoyl thienamycin and cephalosporins against isolates from nosocomially acquired bacteremia. | the in vitro activity of n-formimidoyl thienamycin was compared with that of seven beta-lactam agents against bacteremic clinical isolates, including gentamicin-resistant, gram-negative bacilli, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococci, and enterococci. n-formimidoyl thienamycin was the most active antibiotic against all of the gram-positive cocci studied, with the exception of staphylococcus epidermidis, and the only agent active against the enterococci. n-formimidoyl thi ... | 1982 | 6954876 |
| clinicopathological conference. neonate with jaundice and leukopenia. | 1982 | 6955946 | |
| rhodanese activity: a simple and reliable taxonomic tool for gram-negative bacteria. | the thiosulphate: cyanide sulphurtransferase (rhodanese) test of vandenbergh, bawdon and berk (1979) has been simplified and 2469 strains from a wide variety of sources representing different biochemical, serological or phage-pattern entities were tested. the percentages of rhondanese-producing strains were: escherichia coli 98%, shigella flexneri serovars 1-5%, x and y 0%, other shigellae 73-100%, yersinia spp. 0%, salmonella subgenera i-iv 0%, citrobacter freundi 16%, klebsiella 37%, enterobac ... | 1982 | 6958873 |
| antimicrobial and beta-lactamase inhibitory activities of carpetimycins a and b, new carbapenem antibiotics. | carpetimycins a and b showed widely broad spectra and potent activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including various species of anaerobic bacteria. the antimicrobial activity of carpetimycin a was 8 to 64 times greater than that of carpetimycin b and 4 to 128 times greater than that of cefoxitin. the inhibitory concentration of carpetimycin a required to inhibit more than 90% of clinical isolates was 0.39 micrograms/ml for escherichia coli and klebsiella and 1.56 microgram/m ... | 1982 | 6979308 |
| in vitro activity of apalcillin compared with that of other new penicillins and anti-pseudomonas cephalosporins. | apalcillin, a naphthydridine derivative of ampicillin, was compared with ticarcillin, azlocillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone against gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial isolates and with cefsulodin and tobramycin against pseudomonas aeruginosa. the minimal concentrations of apalcillin at which 50 and 90% of hospital isolates of escherichia coli were inhibited were similar to those of mezlocillin and piperacillin (1.6 and 100 micrograms/ml, respectively). apalci ... | 1982 | 6981375 |
| antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of temocillin. | temocillin, a 6-alpha-methoxy penicillin, inhibited 90% of strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter, proteus, providencia, salmonella, and shigella at a concentration of less than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml. haemophilus influenzae and neisseria gonorrhoea were inhibited by less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. changing the medium or ph of the cultures did not alter the minimal inhibitory concentrations, which were similar in broth and human serum, as were the minimal bac ... | 1982 | 6982681 |
| beta-lactamase inhibitory activities and synergistic effects of 5,6-cis-carbapenem antibiotics. | twelve 5,6-cis-carbapenem antibiotics were examined for their beta-lactamase inhibitory activities, their types of inhibitions, and their synergistic activities with other beta-lactam antibiotics. all the carbapenems inhibited eight types of beta-lactamases including cephalosporinases which were insensitive to clavulanic acid and sulbactam. the sulfonyloxy ethyl carbapenems were the most active inhibitors; they inhibited all beta-lactamases in a progressive fashion, whereas some of the hydroxyl ... | 1982 | 6982889 |
| influence of diluents, media, and membrane filters on detection fo injured waterborne coliform bacteria. | pure cultures of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter aerogenes, and citrobacter freundii were injured ( greater than 90%) in water from a dead-end section of the bozeman, montana, distribution system. the effects of the following laboratory variables on the enumeration efficiency of injured and undamaged control cells were examined: (i) diluent composition, temperature, and time of exposure; (ii) media, using various formulations employed in enumerating gram-negative bacteria; ... | 1982 | 7034648 |
| pulmonary toxicity of endotoxins: comparison of lipopolysaccharides from various bacterial species. | lipopolysaccharides from three gram-negative bacteria isolated from bale cotton and piggery air were analyzed for their chemical composition, and their pulmonary toxicity for guinea pigs, lethal toxicity for mice, and pyrogenicity for rabbits were measured. lipopolysaccharides from enterobacter agglomerans and citrobacter freundii had closely related chemical compositions; both were pyrogenic for rabbits and caused a dose-dependent influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the airways of guine ... | 1982 | 7056574 |
| recovery of heat-injured citrobacter freundii cells. | 1982 | 7068522 | |
| comparative epidemiology of gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria: persistence of carriage and infection. | during a two-year period from january 1979, 260 patients have been involved in an outbreak of carriage and infection due to gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria. we have examined the duration of carriage of such enterobacteria and have compared the carriage of klebsiella with that of other resistant enterobacteria. carriage of gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria occurred most frequently and was least sporadic in the intestinal tract. vaginal carriage was observed in 49 out of 68 patients tested a ... | 1982 | 7076872 |
| citrobacter diversus urinary tract infection. | 1982 | 7081167 | |
| [properties and etiological role of citrobacter 019 in acute intestinal diseases]. | 1982 | 7090655 | |
| comparison of three automated systems for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of gram-negative bacilli. | several instruments for automated or semiautomated susceptibility testing are currently available. three of these instruments, autobac (general diagnostics, warner-lambert co., morris plains, n.j.), ms-2 (abbott laboratories, dallas, tex.), and automicrobic system (ams) (vitek, inc., hazelwood, mo.) were compared for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of gram-negative bacilli. a total of 207 isolates representing 29 species of gram-negative bacilli were tested simultaneously by each instrument ... | 1982 | 7096560 |
| hand carriage of aerobic gram-negative rods by health care personnel. | a quantitative culture technique (hand washed in a glove containing broth for 30 s) was used to determine the frequency of hand carriage of aerobic gram-negative rods by various groups of health care workers and 104 control subjects. overall, 31% of health care workers carried aerobic gram-negative rods on their hands compared to 59% of control subjects (p < 0.001). enterobacter agglomerans accounted for 40% of the isolates, and other enterobacter spp. 7%. other organisms included acinetobacter ... | 1982 | 7097001 |
| in vitro potentiation of cephalosporins by alafosfalin against urinary tract bacteria. | potentiating activity of alafosfalin was examined in detail with 8 cephalosporins and mecillinam against 164 urinary bacteria representing 8 genera. alafosfalin was generally comparable in activity to cefamandole and mecillinam but superior to other cephalosporins tested. when the minimal fractional inhibitory concentration indices were compared, synergism was observed with all of the beta-lactams tested for all species except streptococcus faecalis. marked synergism was observed with escherichi ... | 1982 | 7103452 |
| innate human serum bactericidal activity against salmonella, shigella, citrobacter and providencia sp. | 1982 | 7121140 | |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of opportunistic bacteria isolated from patients]. | sensitivity of 147 enterobacteria strains isolated from feces of various patients was determined with the method of serial dilutions on solid nutrient media. 8 antibiotics were tested. by genera (species) the microorganisms were arranged in the following order: e. coli (65 strains), citrobacter (33 strains), e. cloacae (15 strains), serratia liquefaciens (9 strains), hafnia (6 strains), klebsiella (4 strains), pectobacterium (3 strains), non-identified organisms (13 strains). the majority of the ... | 1982 | 7137975 |
| cell and atp yields of citrobacter freundii growing with fumarate and h2 or formate in continuous culture. | out of 19 strains belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae only escherichia coli and citrobacter strains fermented fumarate exclusively to succinate. this fermentation was dependent on the presence of molecular hydrogen or formate. the inability of these micro-organisms to convert fumarate to succinate, acetate and co2 correlated with their lack, or low activity, of oxaloacetate decarboxylase. continuous culture experiments were performed with citrobacter freundii in minimal or complex medium ... | 1982 | 7142962 |
| underestimation of total-coliform counts by the membrane filter verification procedure. | coliforms, primarily citrobacter freundii, gave negative verification results in the total-coliform membrane filtration test. the organisms produced gas from lactose in brilliant green bile broth but not in lauryl tryptose broth. the discrepancy was related to the peptone sources used in the media. | 1982 | 7149709 |
| comparative in vitro antibacterial activity of seven semi-synthetic penicillins against aerobic gram-negative bacteria and enterococci. | the mics and mbcs of mecillinam, ticarcillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin and piperacillin were determined by the microdilution method in liquid medium using 700 strains of gram-negative bacilli and enterococci isolated from pathological sources and classified as a function of their sensitivity to ampicillin and carbenicillin. the ampicillin and carbenicillin-sensitive strains were generally sensitive to the other penicillins, although there were differences in activity. the ampicillin and carbenici ... | 1982 | 7152690 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical isolates to aminoglycoside antibiotics. susceptibility of clinical isolates from patients with complex and refractory infections]. | four hundred strains (13 species, 8 genera) were obtained from patients with complicated and intractable infections. the antibiotic sensitivities of these isolates were determined in relation to aminoglycoside (ags) (gm, dkb, amk, hbk), beta-lactam (sbpc, pipc, cmz), and fom. 1. the frequency of clinical isolates that were resistant to gm and dkb in this study was high level in the case of s. aureus, enterobacter spp., s. marcescens, proteus spp. (indole positive) and p. aeruginosa. and some of ... | 1982 | 7154245 |
| [comparative in vitro activity of dibekacin, gentamicin and tobramycin on 617 bacterial strains]. | minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of 3 aminoglycosides (dibekacin, gentamicin, tobramycin) have been recorded with 617 hospital strains. 4 mg/l of tobramycin inhibited 82 to 84% of enterobacteria, pseudomonas, acinetobacter and s. aureus; the less sensitive species are serratia (51%) and citrobacter (68%). 4 mg/l concentration of gentamicin or dibekacin inhibited 80-83% of pseudomonas and s. aureus, 78-79% of acinetobacter and 74% of enterobacteria. dibekacin shows an in vitro a ... | 1982 | 7155846 |
| [antibiograms in ambulatory medical practice. results with a group of gram-negative bacilli strains isolated by uroculture]. | during the april 1979--june 1978 period, 1161 tests were carried out on the sensitivity to antibiotics and chemotherapeutical agents of gram-negative bacillus strains isolated from 7632 urocultures. resistance was tested under qualitative control against 13 antimicrobial agents by the kirby-bauer diffusimetric method. the resistance sensitivity and the presence of intermediary strains is shown for e. coli citrobacter, enterobacter, klebsiella, proteus, morganella, providencia, and pseudomonas. a ... | 1982 | 7156696 |
| enzymic oxidation of manganese by cell-free extracts of bacteria from manganese concretions from soil. | 1982 | 7173744 | |
| studies on the oa-6129 group of antibiotics, new carbapenem compounds. ii. in vitro evaluation. | the oa-6129 group of antibiotics, new carbapenem compounds, had relatively potent antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. synergism of compound oa-6129a in combination with conventional beta-lactam antibiotics was observed in antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase producers such as proteus vulgaris gn 76 and citrobacter freundii gn 346. the new carbapenem compounds were slightly superior to ps-5 in stability to kidney homogenates of various animal specie ... | 1982 | 7174514 |
| in vitro activity of temocillin (brl 17421), a novel beta-lactam antibiotic. | the minimal inhibitory concentration of temocillin (brl 17421) against 476 clinical isolates was determined by an agar dilution method. temocillin was active against most of the enterobacteriaceae, haemophilus, and neisseria strains tested. the compound showed low activity or was inactive against bacteroides, campylobacter, acinetobacter, pseudomonas, and staphylococcus aureus strains. within each species, individual strains showed a high degree of uniformity in their susceptibility to temocilli ... | 1982 | 7181470 |
| [brief report on food poisoning due to citrobacter]. | 1982 | 7185460 | |
| rapid differentiation of bacterial meningitides by direct gas-liquid chromatography. | rapid identification of haemophilus influenzae and other bacillary meningitides was attempted by gas-liquid chromatography (glc) of the metabolic by-products in broth cultures and in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples obtained from experimental meningitis produced in new zealand white male rabbits. these results were correlated with the glc of csf of meningitis patients. a major peak with retention time of succinic acid was found in the broth cultures of all bacilli tested including h. influenzae ... | 1982 | 7042759 |
| enzyme immunoassay for detection of salmonellae in foods. | an enzyme immunoassay was developed to detect salmonella in foods. indirect test protocols were developed for use with microtitration plates or gilford microcuvettes. samples from enrichment cultures were mixed with h-specific immunoglobulin g and allowed to react; unbound antibody was removed by three 5-min centrifugation washes; goat anti-rabbit antibody conjugated to alkaline phosphatase was added and allowed to react; and unbound conjugate was removed by centrifugation washing as before. sal ... | 1982 | 7044311 |
| [review [new antibiotics series i]: cefuroxime (author's transl)]. | cefuroxime (cxm) is a new injectable cephalosporin stable against beta-lactamases. the results of preclinical and clinical studies so far carried out in japan on cefuroxime are summarized in this paper. 1. cxm is stable to various kinds of beta-lactamases except the one produced by p. vulgaris gn 76 (richmond type ic). reflecting this action, cxm has been shown to have antibacterial activity, not only against organisms which respond to conventional cephalosporins, but also against citrobacter, e ... | 1982 | 7045446 |
| [cytochrome composition and content of citrobacter freundii]. | citrobacter freundii, strain 62, produces considerable amounts of cytochromes c and b when it grows in media with different carbon compounds under both aerobic anc anaerobic conditions. the content of cytochromes c increases under anaerobic conditions, particularly in the presence of formate or dmso, and under aerobic conditions if formate is added. in contrast, the amount of cytochromes b decreased when the culture is grown in media with formate under anaerobic conditions. cytochrome o is princ ... | 1982 | 7045598 |
| in vitro evaluation of centa, a new beta-lactamase-susceptible chromogenic cephalosporin reagent. | centa is a newly synthesized, beta-lactamase-labile, chromogenic cephalosporin reagent which changes color from light yellow (lambda maximum ca. 340 nm) to chrome yellow (lambda maximum ca. 405 nm) concomitant with hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring. this compound offers promise as a diagnostic reagent comparable to other chromogens (padac and nitrocefin) for the early detection of beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates, while retaining some antimicrobial effect against escherichia coli, kle ... | 1982 | 7047560 |
| [compared studies of antimicrobial agents against e. coli, klebsiella, citrobacter and proteus isolated from urinary tract infections]. | in vitro activities of antibacterial agents against e. coli, klebsiella, citrobacter and proteus which were isolated from patients urinary tract infections at 8 hospitals in japan, were investigated by agar dilution method from july to october in 1979. the summarized results are as follows. 1. among oral antibacterial agents, mpc and ppa have showed potent antibacterial activities against e. coli and klebsiella. among parenteral antibiotics, ctm was the most active against e. coli and klebsiella ... | 1982 | 7047795 |
| genetic and molecular studies of the regulation of atypical citrate utilization and variable vi antigen expression in enteric bacteria. | 1. the atypical citrate-utilizing ability to two strains of e. coli has been shown to be plasmid-encoded. strain v414 carries a 130 mdal conjugative cit+ plasmid that also specifies tcr and cmr. strain v517 carries 9 different plasmid species but only the 36 mdal species is correlated with cit+ ability. these plasmids are different from previously reported cit+ plasmids of e. coli and salmonella, which express thermosensitive conjugal transfer systems. 2. a 9 kb pstl fragment, carrying the cit+ ... | 1982 | 7039598 |
| sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of the automicrobic system (with the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card) for identifying clinical isolates of gram- negative bacilli. | two independent laboratories tested 1,743 clinical isolates by using the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card in the automicrobic system (ams) and identical standard reference methods. included were 55 isolates representing 11 species that cannot be identified by the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card computer program; 3 or these isolates were incorrectly identified as pseudomonas cepacia. with the other 1,688 isolates, 5% of the ams identifications were considered to be equivocal (pro ... | 1982 | 7040457 |
| [heart involvement in combined acute dysentery and coli infection]. | 1982 | 7040798 | |
| physical map of pcola-ca31, an amplifiable plasmid, and location of colicin a structural gene. | evidence showing that the plasmic cola, derived from strain ca31[pcola] can be amplified in the presence of chloramphenicol is presented. this plasmid has been purified and its mr-value has been found to be 4.6 x 10(6) or 7 kb. twelve cleavage sites have been mapped in pcola by using single and double restriction endonuclease digestions. these sites were ordered in relation to the single hindiii site. the other restriction endonucleases used were, respectively, smai, avai, psti and hincii. estab ... | 1982 | 7049840 |
| [perinatal infections caused by rare pathogens. 5. citrobacter]. | 1982 | 7050839 | |
| comparison of two methods for same-day identification of enterobacteriaceae. | two commercial methods, api 20e (as modified for same-day enterobacterial identification) and micro-id, were evaluated for ability to provide useful same-day information of 368 clinically isolated enterobacteriaceae. organisms included escherichia coli (54), shigella (7), edwardsiella tarda (1), salmonella enteritidis (10), citrobacter (30), klebsiella (55), enterobacter (68), hafnia alvei (2), serratia (33), proteus (64), morganella morganii (24), providencia (18), and yersinia enterocolitica ( ... | 1982 | 7051807 |
| dissimilatory reduction of no(2) to nh(4) and n(2)o by a soil citrobacter sp. | dissimilatory reduction of no(2) to n(2)o and nh(4) by a soil citrobacter sp. was studied in an attempt to elucidate the physiological and ecological significance of n(2)o production by this mechanism. in batch cultures with defined media, no(2) reduction to nh(4) was favored by high glucose and low no(3) concentrations. nitrous oxide production was greatest at high glucose and intermediate no(3) concentrations. with succinate as the energy source, little or no no(2) was reduced to nh(4) but n(2 ... | 1982 | 16345994 |
| agitation effects on hydrogen gas production by citrobacter intermedius. | 1982 | 18546440 | |
| citrobacter koseri (syn. c. diversus): biotype, serogroup and drug resistance patterns of 517 strains. | the names citrobacter koseri and c. diversus are synonyms for a species of enterobacterium with a particular ability to cause neonatal meningitis. 517 strains belonging to this species were examined using biotyping and serotyping techniques. 40% of the strains belonged to serogroups o2 and o1 and 72% belonged to biotypes d and a. strains isolated from cerebrospinal fluid belonged to several different serogroups and biotypes but serogroups o2 and o3 and biotypes d and a were the most common. all ... | 1983 | 6550615 |
| in vitro activity of new cephalosporins against multi-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | the in vitro sensitivities of 47 multi-resistant gram-negative bacilli against six third generation cephalosporins were investigated. overall, moxalactam was the most active compound and cefoperazone the least active. ceftizoxime and ceftazidime were very active against enterobacteriaceae. ceftriaxone and ceftizoxime were active against escherichia coli and klebsiella spp., but were inactive against pseudomonas spp.; achromobacter sp. was resistant to all drugs, while citrobacter freundii was se ... | 1983 | 6832840 |
| the in-vitro activity of o-demethylfortimicin. | the activity of o-demethylfortimicin against ampicillin, cefazolin and carbenicillin resistant bacteria was determined. o-demethylfortimicin showed excellent in-vitro activity against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, ent. agglomerans, ent. aerogenes, citrobacter freundii, proteus vulgaris, morganella, and providencia inhibiting these organisms at less than or equal to 3.1 mg/l. it was particularly effective against ent. cloacae and serratia marcescens that were resi ... | 1983 | 6833173 |
| studies on well water and possible health risks in katsina, nigeria. | well water was sampled from all four major wards in katsina town. all 20 samples taken showed high coliform counts. sixty-five per cent contained greater than or equal to 2400 coliforms per 100 ml while the remainder had counts ranging from 79 to 920. faecal coliforms and non-cholera vibrios were detected in all samples. there was no significant relationship between the coliform counts and the distances of latrines to wells, water table to ground level, slope relationship between wells and latri ... | 1983 | 6833745 |
| [use of antibiotic-resistant bifidobacterium in treating ulcerative-necrotic enterocolitis in young children]. | ulceronecrotic colitis in premature children is accompanied by the development of pronounced intestinal dysbacteriosis characterized by a sharp increase in the number of escherichia, enterococci, staphylococci and the appearance of opportunistic enterobacteria (klebsiella, serratia, citrobacter, proteus) in large amounts. clinical convalescence was observed in 2 weeks in children receiving antibiotic-resistant bifidobacteria with antibiotics and in 3-4 weeks in children receiving commercial bifi ... | 1983 | 6837195 |
| [characteristics of proteus, klebsiella, enterobacter and citrobacter strains isolated in urological infections]. | the comparative study of more than 300 proteus, klebsiella, enterobacter and citrobacter strains isolated from patients with urological infections and parenteral infections of other localization, as well as from the feces of healthy persons has been carried out. the strains causing inflammatory processes in the urinary tract have been shown to possess no strict specificity. the ability of opportunistic enterobacteria to cause urinary tract lesions is their polydeterminant property ensured by the ... | 1983 | 6837201 |
| septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint due to citrobacter diversus. | 1983 | 6842477 | |
| bacteriological studies of the enteric flora of patients treated with bicozamycin (cgp 3543/e) for acute nonparasitic diarrhea. | during a therapeutic trial of bicozamycin (bi) for traveler's diarrhea, aerobically grown, gram-negative bacteria, predominantly escherichia coli, were decreased by 2 to 3 logs per g of stool; the number of bi-resistant gram-negative bacteria did not increase. resistant species were most often citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae, and morganella morganii, and few bi-resistant e. coli strains were isolated. cross-resistance between bi and other antimicrobial agents was not found. resistanc ... | 1983 | 6859842 |
| serum immune response to carriage of toxigenic fecal bacteria with and without diarrhea. | the relationship between asymptomatic fecal carriage of enterotoxigenic bacteria (etb), diarrhea and serum immune response in children has not been systematically explored. we studied 40 babies between birth and two years with weekly health histories, weekly fecal samples and serum samples every six months and with diarrhea. toxigenic bacteria and fecal toxin were identified by elisa (cholera toxin) and y-1 cell assay. serum antitoxin was identified by elisa (igg and igm) and toxin neutralizatio ... | 1983 | 6873467 |
| head-space gas-liquid chromatography for the rapid laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infections caused by enterobacteria. | urine specimens were analysed in parallel in a hospital laboratory by routine methods which were regarded as the standard of correct diagnosis and by the rapid test already developed in a research laboratory. technical modifications made to the rapid test ensured that its results agreed with those from routine methods and increased its rapidity so that a result was possible 4 h after receipt of the specimen. when 382 urine specimens were analysed by the modified test which is described in detail ... | 1983 | 6874827 |
| [enterococci and coliforms in yellow sheep cheese]. | the developmental dynamic of enterococci and coliforms was followed up in the entire technologic process and the storage of kashkaval (yellow cheese of ewe milk) under the conditions of modern industrial production. it was found that during the whole industrial cycle up to the steam cooking of curd the amount of enterococci grew and reached its peak value in the cheddarized cheese curd (2.4--30 million per gram), increasing from 10 to 34 times as against its level in the initial milk used. the c ... | 1983 | 6880021 |
| identification of strains isolated as total and fecal coliforms and comparison of both groups as indicators of fecal pollution in tropical climates. | this study was undertaken to better characterize the groups of total coliforms (tc) and fecal coliforms (fc) and to evaluate both groups as indicators of fecal contamination of drinking well water in a tropical climate (the ivory coast, west africa). isolated colonies obtained as tc or fc on membrane filters were identified using the api-20e system. from the well water samples, 58 golden-green colonies with a metallic sheen isolated on endo medium (tc) were identified as escherichia coli (55%), ... | 1983 | 6883225 |
| [thrombophlebitis of the cavernous sinus. report of 3 cases]. | 1983 | 6884685 | |
| isolations of aerobic bacteria from wild desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis nelsoni and o. c. mexicana) in arizona. | nasal, pharyngeal, cervical and vaginal swab specimens were obtained from 74 desert bighorn sheep for the purpose of investigating the normal aerobic bacterial flora of wild sheep. a total of 281 isolates was obtained and identified by standard microbiologic tests. one hundred seven of these isolates were gram positive and included bacillus sp. (36%), staphylococcus epidermidis (8%), s. aureus (4%), corynebacterium sp. (diphtheroids, 4%), and streptococcus sp. (48%). gram negative isolates total ... | 1983 | 6887449 |
| cefotetan: profile of in-vitro activity. | cefotetan, a novel 7 alpha-methoxy cephalosporin, was shown to be comparable to other third-generation cephalosporins when tested in vitro against 1063 gram-negative clinical isolates of 11 species. ninety per cent of all isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, proteus rettgeri, providencia stuartii, serratia marcescens and citrobacter freundii were inhibited by concentrations of cefotetan between 0.07 and 3.2 mg/l. activity against gram-positive cocci was ... | 1983 | 6601656 |
| citrobacter ventriculitis in a neonate responsive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. | there are increasing reports of citrobacter central nervous system infections in neonates. these organisms cause brain abcesses in a high percentage of patients. they may be resistant to commonly used antibiotics. we report a term male infant with underlying meningo-myelocoele and hydrocephalus in whom citrobacter diversus meningitis and ventriculitis developed. initial antibiotic therapy including intraventricular amikacin failed to sterilize the ventricles or alter a deteriorating clinical cou ... | 1983 | 6602026 |
| [effects of lysozyme treatment on immune reactions in viral hepatitis. preliminary report]. | the effect of orally administered lysozyme (2 g per diem for 6-15 days) on serum immunoglobulins, c3 complement component, its c3a properdine activator and intestinal flora was studied in 45 subjects with acute viral hepatitis. comparison of the data before and after treatment revealed a significant decrease in iga, igm and c3a and an equally significant increase in c3. coproculture tests revealed important changes in many case in which one or more pathogenetic species (enterobacter, proteus, ci ... | 1983 | 6602307 |
| [intraocular penetration of netilmicin]. | the penetration of netilmicin, a semisynthetic aminoglycosid into the primary human aqueous humor was determined. the antibacterial spectrum of netilmicin is adequate to gentamicin. the efficacy also covers gentamicin resistant strains. after intramuscular injection of 5 mg/kg body weight aqueous levels higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter and proteus morganii were obtained. in the therapy of bact ... | 1983 | 6603716 |
| the origin and properties of beta-lactamase satellite bands seen in isoelectric focusing. | citrobacter diversus 2046e and branhamella catarrhalis 2001e each produce a constitutive, chromosomally mediated broad-spectrum beta-lactamase. isoelectric focusing of both enzymes revealed patterns of multiple 'satellite' bands. the principal satellite bands of each enzyme were isolated and characterized. individual bands of each enzyme gave similar substrate profiles, molecular weights and responses to inhibitors to one another. the results support the theory that satellite bands are due to th ... | 1983 | 6604722 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of e-0702, a new cephalosporin. | the in vitro activity of e-0702 was compared with the in vitro activity of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, moxalactam, and aztreonam against 600 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic isolates. e-0702 had a minimal inhibitory concentration for 50% of isolates (mic50) of 25 micrograms for staphylococcus aureus, 50 micrograms for staphylococcus epidermidis, and 1.6 to 3.1 micrograms for streptococci, with streptococcus faecalis resistant. e-0702 had mic50s against escherichia coli, klebsie ... | 1983 | 6605718 |
| cefotetan: comparative study in vitro against 226 gram-negative clinical isolates. | the activity in vitro of the new cephamycin, cefotetan, was compared with that of cephalothin, cefoxitin, cefuroxime and cefotaxime against 226 recently isolated gram-negative pathogens (207 enterobacteriaceae and 19 acinetobacter). cefotetan was consistently more potent than cephalothin, cefoxitin and cefuroxime. cefotaxime and cefotetan were essentially similar in activity against the enterobacteriaceae with the singular exception of enterobacter spp. which were markedly more susceptible to th ... | 1983 | 6573323 |
| in-vitro activity of cefotetan, other beta-lactams and netilmicin. | in-vitro activity of cefotetan was compared to that of other cephalosporins netilmicin. cefotetan at very low concentrations inhibited escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis and serratia marcescens. poor activity was seen for all beta-lactams against enterobacter and citrobacter spp. activity of cefotetan against staphylococcus aureus was comparable to that of ceftazidime and moxalactam. netilmicin was the only agent equally active against all gram-negative bacilli and staph. ... | 1983 | 6573326 |
| susceptibilities of gentamicin-resistant gram-negative aerobic bacilli to cefotetan and other beta-lactams. | the activity of the 7 alpha-methoxycephalosporin, cefotetan was determined against 365 infecting isolates of gentamicin- and multiply-resistant gram-negative aerobic bacilli, and compared with those of cefuroxime, cefoxitin, cephradine, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime. all proteus (4), providencia (6) salmonella (3) and serratia (2) were susceptible to 8 mg/l of cefotetan, as were respectively 90 and 81% of 42 escherichia coli and 16 citrobacter isolates. the intrinsic activity of cefote ... | 1983 | 6573329 |
| direct dilution sampling, quantitation, and microbial assessment of open-system ventilation circuits in intensive care units. | in a systematic approach, 37 duplicate samples of open system circuits (bennett ma-1 ventilators) of patients in medical and surgical intensive care units were processed by direct and serial (apha guidelines) dilutions. the paired difference test on 15 of the in-use circuitry solution samples indicated no difference between the direct and serial dilution methods (p less than 0.001). seventy-seven additional respiratory therapy circuitry samples from similar intensive care patients were analyzed ... | 1983 | 6575015 |
| a new site-specific endodeoxyribonuclease from citrobacter freundii. | cfr10 i, a site-specific endonuclease from citrobacter freundii strain rfl10, was isolated. it recognizes and cleaves the family of related sequences: 5'pu decreases ccggpy to generate dna fragments with 5' tetranucleotide extensions. cfr10 i may be useful in molecular cloning experiments, especially in conjunction with other enzymes which generate the same terminal extensions. | 1983 | 6617873 |
| in vitro evaluation of augmentin by broth microdilution and disk diffusion susceptibility testing: regression analysis, tentative interpretive criteria, and quality control limits. | augmentin (beecham laboratories, bristol, tenn.), a combination drug consisting of two parts amoxicillin to one part clavulanic acid and a potent beta-lactamase inhibitor, was evaluated in vitro in comparison with ampicillin or amoxicillin or both for its inhibitory and bactericidal activities against selected clinical isolates. regression analysis was performed and tentative disk diffusion susceptibility breakpoints were determined. a multicenter performance study of the disk diffusion test was ... | 1983 | 6625554 |