Publications

campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus in homosexual males.	campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus was isolated from the stools of two homosexual males. one was asymptomatic at the time of isolation. the other presented with diarrhea. both isolates were initially grown at 42 degrees c. this organism should be included among the list of organisms that are found in homosexual males.	1983	6630480
demonstration of a cytotoxin from campylobacter jejuni.	a 48-hour culture filtrate of campylobacter jejuni was found to produce cytopathic effects on three human cell lines--that is, hela, mrc-5 and hep-2. the cytopathic effects observed include cell rounding, loss of adherence and cell death after 24-48 h of incubation. such morphological changes were observed with eight of the eleven strains of campylobacter jejuni isolated from the blood/stools of patients who suffered from either acute gastroenteritis or septicaemia. the toxic factor did not reta ...	1983	6630575
molecular identification of surface protein antigens of campylobacter jejuni.	the technique of immunoblotting was used to identify the surface protein antigens of campylobacter jejuni. polyclonal antisera were raised in rabbits to formalinized cells of a typical human fecal isolate, c. jejuni vc74. surface components were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. fractions analyzed included whole cell lysates, sarcosinate-extracted outer membranes, released outer membrane blebs (fragments), isolated flagella, 0.2 m glycine-hydrochloride (ph 2 ...	1983	6642648
simple adult rabbit model for campylobacter jejuni enteritis.	we tested the usefulness of the removable intestinal tie adult rabbit diarrhea model to establish campylobacter jejuni infection in rabbits. the procedure involved ligation of the cecum, placement of a slip knot at the terminal ileum, and injection of the test inoculum into the mid-small bowel. the ends of the slip knot were externalized, and the tie was released 4 h later. fifty-five rabbits received c. jejuni, and 16 received uninoculated medium as controls. daily rectal swabs were positive fo ...	1983	6642664
campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus bacteremia in a patient with liver cirrhosis.		1983	6642681
probable campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus gastroenteritis.	three strains of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus isolated from cases of gastroenteritis are reported. dna-dna hybridizations in addition to biochemical tests were used to confirm the identification of the isolates as c. fetus since all strains grew at 42 degrees c. these isolates, like other c. fetus strains, are susceptible to cephalothin and thus would not have been detected in laboratories with campylobacter isolation media containing this component.	1983	6643676
the isolation of campylobacter jejuni from flies.	living flies collected from three locations were cultured on selective medium for campylobacter spp. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from five (2.4%) of 210 flies examined. these results suggest that the potential hazard to health from the transmission of campylobacters from animals to human food by flies is small.	1983	6644008
milk-borne campylobacter enteritis in a rural area.	during november and december 1981 more than 50 residents in a village in derbyshire had an acute gastrointestinal illness. one month later a second outbreak occurred affecting another 22 people. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 12 patients; no other gastrointestinal pathogens were identified. a case-control study showed an association with the consumption of unpasteurized milk from one particular farm. no new cases were identified for 6 months following the application of a pasteurization ...	1983	6644009
[ulcerative colitis and campylobacter fetus ss. jejuni].		1983	6645707
morphological differences in flagella in campylobacter fetus subsp. intestinalis and c. fetus subsp. jejuni.	intact flagella were isolated from human pathogenic strains of campylobacter, c. fetus subsp. intestinalis and c. fetus subsp. jejuni, by the method of depamphilis and adler and examined by electron microscopy. the isolated flagella were composed of a filament, a hook, a basal body, and a large disk associated with the end of the hook region covering the basal body. the width of the hook was approximately 28 nm, somewhat greater than that of the filament (20 nm in diameter). the hook region of c ...	1983	6645983
medium for isolating campylobacter fetus.		1983	6649358
isolation and enumeration of campylobacter jejuni from poultry products by a selective enrichment method.	a direct selective enrichment procedure was developed for the isolation of campylobacter jejuni from poultry products. the selective enrichment medium (atb) consisted of (per liter) tryptose (20 g), yeast extract (2.5 g), sodium chloride (5 g), fbp supplement (ferrous sulfate [0.25 g], sodium metabisulfite [0.25 g], sodium pyruvate [0.25 g]), bicine (10 g), and agar (1 g). hematin solution (6.25 ml; prepared by dissolving 0.032 g of bovine hemin in 10 ml of 0.15 n sodium hydroxide solution and a ...	1983	6651294
investigation of a waterborne outbreak of campylobacter jejuni enteritis with a serotyping scheme based on thermostable antigens.	serotyping of 11 human and 2 water isolates of campylobacter jejuni associated with a waterborne outbreak revealed two serotypes among the human isolates. one of these (serotype 58) was a new serotype and was added to the serotyping scheme. serotypes were defined by using extracted thermostable antigens and passive hemagglutination titrations of both unabsorbed and cross-absorbed antisera. two water isolates of the same serotype as six human isolates provided evidence to link a contaminated wate ...	1983	6655043
detection of menaquinone-6 and a novel methyl-substituted menaquinone-6 in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus.	menaquinone-6 (2-methyl-3-farnesyl-farnesyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) and a methyl-substituted menaquinone-6 (2,[5 or 8]-dimethyl-3-farnesyl-farnesyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) were the major isoprenoid quinones found in membrane preparations of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus. by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and thin-layer chromatography (tlc) the faster-eluting menaquinone-6 co-chromatographed with a menaquinone-6 standard. the identity of menaquinon ...	1983	6663282
[neonatal meningitis caused by campylobacter fetus].		1983	6674590
[campylobacter infection and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome].	a 20-year-old man with an acute enteritis caused by campylobacter fetus developed a haemolytic-uraemic syndrome on the fifth day of his disease. the pathogenesis of the disseminated intravascular coagulopathie , the nephropathie and the haemolysis are discussed. with increasing rate of isolation of campylobacter, the connection of this infection with hus may be seen more frequently.	1983	6676172
[isolation of campylobacter fetus ssp. jejuni from products of animal origin].		1983	6680922
mycotic aortic aneurysm. a complication of campylobacter fetus septicemia.	the first surviving case, to our knowledge, of a campylobacter fetus mycotic aortic aneurysm is reported. bacteremia and an ileofemoral thrombophlebitis preceded the development of the infected aneurysm, reconfirming the vascular tropism of this organism. the clinical similarity with infections caused by salmonella choleraesuis is illustrated by this case. the full recovery of our patient attests to the efficacy of extralanatomic bypass combined with long-term antibiotic therapy in the treatment ...	1983	6687525
effects of disinfectants on campylobacter jejuni.	because of the increasing recognition that campylobacter jejuni is an important enteric pathogen of humans, we studied the effects of widely used disinfectants on the viability of this organism. at an inoculum size of 10(3) to 10(4) cfu/ml, 1.25 mg of hypochlorite per liter killed three strains within 1 min. at an inoculum size of 10(6) to 10(7) cfu/ml, 5 mg of hypochlorite per liter killed three strains within 15 min. killing of similar concentrations of c. jejuni and escherichia coli by hypoch ...	1983	6305266
value of stool examination in patients with diarrhoea.	findings of stool examinations in 1593 patients with diarrhoea due to a single enteric pathogen--enterotoxigenic escherichia coli rotavirus, shigella, campylobacter jejuni, vibrio cholerae 0:1, entamoeba histolytica, or giardia lamblia--were reviewed to determine how well they predicted the agent associated with the diarrhoea. specimens were examined visually for blood and mucus, tested for ph, and examined under a microscope for the presence of red and white blood cells, parasites, and stool fa ...	1983	6307460
the polymicrobial origin of intestinal infections in homosexual men.	to determine the microbial cause and the clinical and pathologic correlates of anorectal and intestinal symptoms in homosexually active men, we performed comprehensive microbiologic studies, anoscopy, sigmoid-oscopy, and rectal biopsy in men examined in a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. enteric pathogens were found in 95 of 119 consecutive homosexual men with anorectal or intestinal symptoms and in 29 of 75 randomly selected homosexual men without such symptoms (p less than 0.001). the ...	1983	6308444
application of serotyping and chromosomal restriction endonuclease digest analysis in investigating a laboratory-acquired case of campylobacter jejuni enteritis.	a frequently passaged laboratory strain of campylobacter jejuni was confirmed by serotyping on the basis of thermostable antigens and by bacterial chromosomal restriction endonuclease digests to be the causative agent of enteritis in a laboratory worker.	1983	6317712
characterization of tetracycline resistance plasmids from campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.	tetracycline resistance in strains of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli was mediated by plasmids. intra- and interspecies transfer was demonstrated within the genus campylobacter. buoyant densities of plasmid dnas ranged from 1.691 to 1.694 g/cm3 (31 to 33% guanine plus cytosine). restriction enzymes acci, bcli, bglii, and psti were found to be most useful for comparing the plasmids. the molecular weight of c. jejuni plasmid pmak175 was 44.7 kilobases (29 x 10(6), and the other plasmid ...	1983	6318666
[campylobacter fetus fetus bacteremia. review of the literature apropos of 2 cases].	the authors report two cases of bacteremia due to campylobacter fetus fetus (also called c. fetus intestinalis). one was a 22-year-old female, under treatment for active systemic lupus erythematosus, who died. the other was a fifty-year-old male, in a poor general condition, who had a self-limited acute febrile dysentery. in this patient, c. fetus fetus was found in stools after apparent recovery, raising the problem of healthy carriers. a review of the literature shows 64 other such cases.	1983	6320419
in vitro antibacterial activity of norfloxacin (mk-0366, am-715) and other agents against gastrointestinal tract pathogens.	a comparison was made of the in vitro activities of norfloxacin and of nine other orally administered antibacterial agents against 180 clinical isolates representing the bacterial species most frequently implicated in infections of the gastrointestinal tract in humans. the 90% minimal inhibitory concentrations showed norfloxacin to be 4, 15, 4, 17, 17, 17, and 33 times more active than the next best compound tested against campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni, escherichia coli, salmonella spp., shi ...	1983	6219622
bovine genital campylobacteriosis (vibriosis): vaccination of experimentally infected bulls.	the therapeutic efficacy of a campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis bacterin was determined in experimentally infected bulls. ten of twelve 5-year-old angus bulls became infected after being infused intrapreputially with c fetus subsp venerealis. of the 10 bulls, 6 were vaccinated with 5 ml of c fetus subsp venerealis vaccine on 2 occasions 4 weeks apart. preputial washings of the vaccinated bulls were culturally negative by the 8th week after primary vaccination. none of the 18 heifers exposed t ...	1983	6194723
nucleic acids in the classification of campylobacters.	the importance of campylobacters in human disease has stimulated improvements in the methods for identification of strains from hospitals and the environment. reliable and accurate identification depends on a sound classification for which nucleic acid analyses provide fundamental information about species relationships. studies on the genus campylobacter show that the genome dna of species have base compositions of 29 to 38 mol% g + c and molecular weights of 1.54 x 10(9) to 2.31 x 10(9). campy ...	1983	6194994
diarrhea associated with rotaviruses, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, campylobacter, and other agents in costa rican children, 1976-1981.	rotaviruses, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, salmonella, shigella, and parasites were investigated in outpatient diarrheic children, and in hospitalized diarrheic and non-diarrheic children, between january 1976 and june 1979. in outpatient cases studied within 4 days of onset of symptoms, rotaviruses were the most common agents (45.3%); e. coli heat-stable enterotoxin ranked second (13.4%); shigella was third (8.1%); salmonella was fourth (7.3%). in 63.2%, one or more enteric agents were dete ...	1983	6337517
avian wildlife reservoir of campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni, yersinia spp., and salmonella spp. in norway.	cloacal swabs from 540 wild-living birds were cultured for campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni, yersinia spp., and salmonella spp. the carrier rates detected were as follows: c. fetus subsp. jejuni, 28.4%; yersinia spp., 1.2%; and salmonella spp., 0.8%. all birds were apparently healthy when captured. c. fetus subsp. jejuni was isolated from 11 of the 40 bird species examined. among birds inhabiting the city of oslo, the highest isolation rate was found in crows (corvus corone cornix) (89.8%), fol ...	1983	6338824
serogroups of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter fetus defined by direct immunofluorescence.	rabbits were inoculated with whole, formalinized campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, and c. fetus cells; the c. jejuni and c. coli immunogens were identified by their dna relatedness at the species level to the type strains of c. jejuni or c. coli. the designation c. coli was not used among the other c. jejuni strains; they were classified as hippurate-positive or hippurate-negative c. jejuni. immunoglobulin g was isolated from the antisera and labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. these conjugate ...	1983	6341405
an acid extract as a common antigen in campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni strains.	an acid extract prepared from a single strain of campylobacter jejuni reacted with rabbit antisera against 21 strains of c. jejuni and campylobacter coli. the immunogen is resistant to formalin and to exposure to 100 degrees c for 30 min. the antigenic extract may have practical applications in human serology.	1983	6343426
[campylobacter infection in children].	enteritis by campylobacter jejuni/coli is by far the most frequent clinical entity of campylobacter-infection. it may be compared to salmonella-enteritis as for its epidemiologic importance. the course of the disease may be dramatic, but can be successfully treated as soon as the pathogen is known. in prematures and newborn babies infections with campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus are life-threatening and early diagnosis is of life-saving importance. five observations of campylobacter-enteritis in c ...	1983	6352463
isolation of campylobacter jejuni from an appendix.	campylobacter jejuni skirrow biotype 1, lior serotype 8 was isolated from the appendix of an 11-year-old boy who had a 6-h history of acute abdominal pain. histological diagnosis on the appendix section was early acute appendicitis. dilute carbol fuchsin stain and indirect fluorescent antibody test performed on the appendix section also revealed the presence of campylobacter sp. the patient developed a significant bactericidal antibody titer of 1,024, providing substantial clinical evidence of t ...	1983	6352736
evaluation of transport media for campylobacter jejuni in human fecal specimens.	it is not always possible to culture feces immediately, and appropriate methods for transport of human specimens, unlike those from animals, have not been fully evaluated. therefore, we took serial subcultures in two phases from six transport media inoculated with human diarrheal stools known to be positive for campylobacter jejuni. in phase 1, cary-blair medium and buffered glycerol saline did not preserve c. jejuni as well as did alkaline peptone-water (apw), modified cary-blair medium, thiogl ...	1983	6355160
detection of campylobacter fetus in artificial insemination bulls with a transport enrichment medium.	one hundred and five bulls from an artificial insemination unit were tested for the presence of campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis. the method involved the inoculation of preputial samples into a new transport enrichment medium prior to culture and immunofluorescence tests. seventeen bulls (16%) were found to be either positive or suspected carriers of c. fetus at one or more sampling times. the average age of these 17 bulls was about two years greater than the average age of all the bull ...	1983	6357410
[an infection caused by campylobacter fetus].		1983	6357724
correlation of an expanded direct fluorescent-antibody system with an established passive hemagglutination system for serogrouping strains of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.	rabbits were inoculated with whole, formalinized cells from eight passive hemagglutination reference strains of campylobacter. fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled immunoglobulin g from these antisera defined seven new direct fluorescent-antibody serogroups of c. jejuni and one new serogroup of c. coli. this expanded the campylobacter direct fluorescent antibody system to include 17 serogroups of c. jejuni, 3 serogroups of c. coli, and 2 serogroups of c. fetus. we then compared the passive hemaggl ...	1983	6358249
evaluation of filters for recovery of campylobacter jejuni from water.	campylobacter jejuni has been incriminated in several large waterborne outbreaks, but it has rarely been isolated from water itself. better methodology is needed for the isolation of c. jejuni from water. we evaluated three types of 0.45-micron microporous filters and three different pore sizes of positively charged depth filters for their ability to recover c. jejuni from seeded, sterile tap and surface water. the microporous filters tested were millipore ha, gelman gn6, and zetapor. three pore ...	1983	6360048
is enrichment culture necessary for the isolation of campylobacter jejuni from faeces?	the role of enrichment culture for the isolation of campylobacter jejuni from faeces is discussed. it is concluded that enrichment culture is only necessary for those specimens where it is anticipated that the number of organisms is likely to be low. in a trial of a blood free enrichment broth (ccd broth) and the modified preston enrichment broth the latter gave significantly superior results.	1983	6361073
enteropathogen carriage by healthy individuals living in an area with poor sanitation.	faecal carriage of bacterial enteropathogens (enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec), shigellae and salmonellae) was studied in 265 individuals: 65 infants 3-6 months of age (50 bottle-fed and 15 breast-fed), 100 school-age children 8-10 years of age and 100 adults 21-50 years of age. all were apparently healthy, did not have gastrointestinal symptoms, had not received antibiotics in the preceding fortnight and were not malnourished. enteropathogens were isolated from the faeces of 24 individu ...	1983	6363528
campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus bacteremia a patient with liver cirrhosis.		1983	27709517
campylobacter jejuni outer membrane proteins are antigenic for humans.	all campylobacter jejuni strains have a major outer membrane protein (omp) that migrates between a molecular weight of 41,000 (41k) and 45k and represents more than 50% of protein present, plus several more minor bands. using 125i-radiolabeled c. jejuni cells in a radioimmunoprecipitation procedure to assess whether the omps were antigenic, we studied serum from rabbits immunized with c. jejuni cells, from humans convalescent after c. jejuni infection, and from appropriate controls. in this assa ...	1984	6365789
analysis of campylobacter jejuni antigens with monoclonal antibodies.	to develop monoclonal reagents for antigenic analysis and serotyping of campylobacter spp., hybridoma cell lines were produced by fusion of mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells from mice immunized with formalin-treated campylobacter jejuni organisms. an enzyme immunoassay was used for preliminary screening of the cell culture supernatants and ascites. twenty-nine clones which reacted with the immunogen were obtained. seven of these clones were positive in passive hemagglutination tests with shee ...	1984	6365954
is enrichment culture necessary for the isolation of campylobacter jejuni from faeces?		1984	6368607
procedure for increased recovery of campylobacter jejuni from inoculated unpasteurized milk.	different treatments were applied to campylobacter jejuni-inoculated unpasteurized milk to identify means of enhancing the survival of the organism in refrigerated (4 degrees c) samples. the greatest survival occurred in milk supplemented with 0.01% sodium bisulfite and held under an atmosphere of 100% nitrogen (bisulfite-nitrogen), in most instances allowing isolation of c. jejuni from highly contaminated milk 15 or more days longer than from unsupplemented milk held in air (21% oxygen). althou ...	1984	6370137
[an optimal blood culture technic].	for blood cultures in septicemic patients it is advisable to use two broth culture bottles. one bottle should be incubated with air, the other without (for anaerobes). supplemented peptone broth ii (becton-dickinson) and bhi roche were superior for culturing aerobic and anaerob bacteria in comparison to other blood culture media. they are commercially available, and with these media it is not necessary to inoculate two bottles with blood from one patient. supplemented peptone broth ii is also su ...	1984	6374431
campylobacter fetus ssp fetus cholecystitis and relapsing bacteremia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	acute gangrenous cholecystitis and relapsing bacteremia caused by campylobacter fetus ssp fetus occurred in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. biliary tract colonization probably accounted in part for this unusual phenomenon. whether the patient's deficiency of cell-mediated immunity contributed to his disease is not known.	1984	6377511
detection of campylobacter by immunofluorescence in stools and rectal biopsies of patients with diarrhoea.	rabbit antiserum, elicited by the intravenous injection of a strain of campylobacter jejuni heated to 100 degrees c, cross reacted strongly with all other thermophilic campylobacters tested as well as with "c pyloridis" and could be detected by indirect fluorescence with labelled anti-rabbit serum. antisera to formalin killed cells did not do so. the correlation of positive stool culture with positive immunofluorescence of stools and rectal biopsies from patients with diarrhoea was 70-80%. some ...	1984	6381550
intestinal carriage of campylobacter jejuni and salmonella by chicken flocks at slaughter.	campylobacter jejuni were isolated in large numbers from the majority of birds sampled in colonic swabs from 28 of 60 flocks at slaughter. by contrast only small numbers of birds from 11 of the same 60 flocks yielded salmonella enteritidis serotypes. three c. jejuni isolates from each flock were serotyped on the basis of their heat-stable antigens, using antisera prepared against 16 serotypes common in campylobacter diarrhea in man. the majority (72 of 83) of the chicken isolates could be seroty ...	1984	6383579
comparison of enrichment methods and atmosphere modification procedures for isolating campylobacter jejuni from foods.	a comparison was made of enrichment broths for recovery of campylobacter jejuni from food by the methods of doyle and roman (appl. environ. microbiol. 43:1343-1353) and of park et al. (can. j. microbiol. 27:841-842). no significant differences were found between the results obtained with the two broths. recovery was greater, however, with a constant gas flow into the broths than with an evacuation-replacement method.	1984	6393876
isolation of campylobacter fetus ss jejuni in adult patients with diarrheal syndrome.		1984	6399196
spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to campylobacter jejuni.	a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis complicated by ascites developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. campylobacter jejuni--(a microaerophilic bacillus)--was isolated from ascitic fluid and blood.	1984	6463002
a study of campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni strains isolated from the stools of diarrhoeic children in sri lanka.	nine strains of campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni were isolated from the stools of diarrhoeic children in colombo (sri lanka). the morphology of most of the strains was typical but three strains produced a spreading film of growth. no discrete domed colonies were seen. all were able to grow in a candle jar, and in a medium containing 1% glycine. all produced hydrogen sulphide. all were susceptible to ampicillin, carbenicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, neomycin, erythromycin, gentamicin and ...	1984	6464104
campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni in senegal.		1984	6468362
isoprenoid quinone content and cellular fatty acid composition of campylobacter species.	a total of 36 strains of campylobacter species were examined for isoprenoid quinones and cellular fatty acids. the isoprenoid quinone content was determined by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, and the fatty acids were determined by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. all campylobacter species contained menaquinone-6 (2-methyl-3-farnesyl-farnesyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) and a methyl-substituted menaquinone-6 (2,[5 or 8]-dimethyl-3-farnesyl-farnesyl-1,4-napthoquinone) as the major i ...	1984	6470096
a new bacterial flagellar structure found in campylobacters.	a previously unrecognized bacterial flagellar structure present in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter fetus is described. the structure is located just below the insertion of the flagellar apparatus through the bacterial wall. it is disc shaped, approximately 100 nm in diameter and has eleven spokes radiating from a central hole. the function of this new structure and its possible importance in the taxonomy of campylobacters and other spiral micro-organisms are discussed.	1984	6470668
campylobacter enteritis on hopi and navajo indian reservations. clinical and epidemiologic features.	from june 22 through september 30, 1981, stool specimens from 522 hopi and navajo outpatients were cultured because of diarrheal illnesses at the keams canyon indian health service hospital, arizona. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from the specimens of 26 (5%) of the patients. this pathogen was found as frequently as shigella in patients younger than 2 years or older than 20 years, but was significantly less common in the 2 to 20-year age group (p<.000001). campylobacter enteritis was indisti ...	1984	6475040
selected enrichment broths for recovery of campylobacter jejuni from foods.	we attempted to shorten the required time for enrichment broth culture for the isolation of campylobacter jejuni. enrichment broths described by doyle and roman and park and stankiewicz and one developed during this study were compared for ability to isolate c. jejuni from raw chicken carcasses. our medium was a modification of that of doyle and roman with the addition of filter-sterilized fbp (0.2% ferrous sulfate, 0.025% sodium metabisulfite, 0.05% sodium pyruvate), 0.1% sodium lauryl sulfate, ...	1984	6476833
differential characteristics of catalase-positive campylobacters correlated with dna homology groups.	eighty-four strains of catalase-positive campylobacters could be placed into seven distinct dna homology groups (species), corresponding to campylobacter fetus, "c. hyointestinalis," c. jejuni, c. coli, "c. laridis," "c. fecalis," and aerotolerant campylobacters. the biochemical and physiological characteristics of the strains were examined for their correlation with the homology groups. the characterization tests that provided the most reliable differentiation at the species and subspecies leve ...	1984	6478314
susceptibility of campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni to paromomycin.		1984	6489324
campylobacter fetus ssp jejuni as seen in bangalore.		1984	6490113
new, extended biotyping scheme for campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and "campylobacter laridis".	a biotyping scheme using improved media and methods for the detection of hippurate hydrolysis, rapid h2s production, and dna hydrolysis was applied to 1,826 cultures of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli and "campylobacter laridis" isolates from human and nonhuman sources. four biotypes were identified among c. jejuni: 57.3% of the isolates belonged to biotype i; 36.0%, to biotype ii; 4.0%, to biotype iii; and 2.7%, to biotype iv. c. coli organisms were differentiated into biotype i (67.0% ...	1984	6490850
heat injury and repair in campylobacter jejuni.	a procedure for detecting and quantitating heat injury in campylobacter jejuni was developed. washed cells of c. jejuni a7455 were heated in potassium phosphate buffer (0.1 m, ph 7.3) at 46 degrees c. samples were plated on brucella agar supplemented with na2s2o3, feso4 x 7h2o, and sodium pyruvate and on a medium containing brilliant green, bile, na2s2o3, feso4 x 7h2o, and sodium pyruvate. colonies were counted after 5 days of incubation at 37 degrees c in an atmosphere containing 5% o2, 10% co2 ...	1984	6497368
use of an ammonia electrode to study bacterial deamination of amino acids with special reference to d-asparagine breakdown by campylobacters.	a method using an ammonia electrode is being developed for investigating the deamination of amino acids and amides by bacteria. application of this method to campylobacter jejuni and c. coli has led to the demonstration of d-asparaginase activity in some strains. this has allowed the subdivision of both species into d-asparaginase-positive and -negative biotypes. even though the method is in the developmental stage, it was found to be generally reproducible and easy to perform. areas for further ...	1984	6501873
epidemiological investigations on campylobacter jejuni in households with a primary infection.	fifty-four rotterdam patients in which a primary infection with campylobacter jejuni had been detected (index patients) were compared with 54 control subjects with regard to the consumption and preparation of foods 7 days before onset of illness and the keeping of pet animals. significantly more index patients than controls had eaten chicken meat (47 v. 29; p = 0.0002), particularly at barbecues (14 v. 2; p = 0.0015). marginally more index patients had eaten pork (47 v. 39; p = 0.048) or inadequ ...	1984	6501878
a search for the source of campylobacter jejuni in milk.	samples of milk from 1501 cows with mastitis were negative for campylobacter jejuni. the faeces of 74 healthy friesian cows were screened for c. jejuni: 13% of the samples were positive during the summer when the cows were on pasture, and 51% were positive in the winter when the cows were housed. positive samples contained on average 1 x 10(4) campylobacters per g faeces. it is concluded that faecal contamination rather than udder infection is the means by which campylobacters enter milk and the ...	1984	6501879
quantitative evaluation of a transport-enrichment medium for campylobacter fetus.	the enrichment feature of a selective serum-based transport medium for campylobacter fetus was quantitatively examined. preputial samples from artificial insemination bulls were spiked with known numbers of c fetus strains and inoculated into transport-enrichment medium (tem). the survival and multiplication of these strains in tem under different incubation periods and temperatures were assessed by plate counts. mean enrichment values of 3.72 log and 4.42 log were observed after incubation at 3 ...	1984	6506432
comparison of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.	to determine whether employing antibiograms is useful to separate campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, we determined the mics of 12 antibiotics for 104 human clinical strains and 74 swine strains. of 74 swine strains, 5 (7%) were hippurate positive, as were 93 (89%) of 104 human strains. the 12 antimicrobial agents tested were ampicillin, amoxicillin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, furazolidone, norfloxacin, nalidixic acid, rosoxacin, rosaramicin, tetracycline, and sch 32063 ...	1984	6508265
improved biotyping schemes for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.	campylobacter jejuni (20 strains) and campylobacter coli (12 strains) were assigned to four biovars for each species based on phenotypic tests that were easy to perform and interpret. the resulting biotyping schemes offer a greater degree of distinction among c. jejuni and c. coli strains than any of the other biotyping schemes previously described for these organisms.	1984	6511880
serotyping and serology studies of campylobacteriosis associated with consumption of raw milk.	a community outbreak of 15 cases of gastroenteritis was traced to consumption of unpasteurized milk produced at one commercial dairy. using two different testing schemes, we found that a campylobacter jejuni isolate from an ill patient and an isolate from a sick cow were the same serotype. bacteriological studies suggested that a single epidemic strain of campylobacter jejuni caused this outbreak.	1984	6511884
antibacterial activities of nitrothiazole against campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.	niridazole (ambilhar) and three other newly synthesized nitrothiazole derivatives were highly active against 19 microaerophilic campylobacters (minimum concentration required to inhibit 50% of strains [mic50], 0.0075 to 0.015 mg/liter). there were, however, considerable differences in the susceptibility among strains tested, and one nitrothiazole derivative was rather inactive (mic50, 2 mg/liter). nitroimidazole derivatives, such as metronidazole and tinidazole, were less active (mic50, 2 and 4 ...	1984	6517542
composition of the antigenic material removed from campylobacter jejuni by heat.	the antigenic material removed form campylobacter jejuni by the boiling of whole cells in saline was examined biochemically. analyses showed that the extracted material contained 3 micrograms of protein per ml per mg of wet cells and ca. 2.6 micrograms of carbohydrate per ml per mg of wet cells. further extraction of the material with chloroform-methanol produced about 0.5 microgram of water-insoluble residue per ml per mg of wet cells, suggesting the presence of lipid as well. additional analys ...	1984	6520219
levels of some reproductive diseases in the dairy cattle of colombia.	of 4,144 serum samples collected from cows on 113 farms from eight areas of colombia 3.3% had positive and 8.8% inconclusive titres to brucella abortus, 21.7, 6.3, 1.6, 0.6 and 0.7% of cows had positive titres to leptospira serovars hardjo, pomona, canicola, icterohaemorrhagiae and grippotyphosa respectively. questionnaires completed on 110 farms revealed that 6, 2.5 and 4.6% of cows had had metritis, aborted or retained their placentas respectively in the previous 12 months. trichomonas foetus ...	1984	6523582
[diarrhea caused by campylobacter fetus jejuni and other infective agents in children of the rural area of puriscal, costa rica].	between september 1979 and september 1981 a field study was conducted on the etiology of diarrheal disease in the area of puriscal, costa rica. the presence of enteric pathogens was investigated in the stools of 267 diarrheic children and 190 healthy controls. both groups belong to yearly cohorts recruited at birth as part of a longitudinal multidisciplinary study of mothers and children. campylobacter fetus jejuni was identified as the only pathogen in the stools of 24 diarrheic children (9%) a ...	1984	6535179
[campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni: etiological, epidemiological and preventive aspects].	the authors, after a brief introduction, examine on the basis of the most recent literature, the taxonomy and the microbiological features of campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni, giving a detailed description of the chemical composition, of the biochemical, physiological and nutritional characters, of the antigenic composition and of the cultural methods. later on, they state the problems arising from the epidemiology of the infections caused by this germ either in man or in animals, examining the ...	1984	6536547
growth and survival characteristics of campylobacter jejuni in liquid egg.	growth and survival of four campylobacter jejuni strains in yolk, in liquid whole egg and in white during aerobic storage at 37, 20 and 4 degrees c was followed. in 48 h at 37 degrees c the cell counts of c. jejuni increased by about 3 log10 units in yolk and 1.60-3.35(10) log units in liquid whole egg. the growth of c. jejuni was slightly better in yolk than in liquid whole egg. at 20 degrees c during 48 h the cell counts decreased by about 0.5-1.5 log10 units in yolk and in liquid whole egg. a ...	1984	6537959
[rotavirus and campylobacter fetus jejuni associated with an outbreak of diarrhea in calves].	rotaviruses and campylobacter fetus jejuni are ubiquitous agents of diarrheal disease in animals and humans. under natural conditions they do not seem to cross inter-species barriers; a zoonosis has not been documented for man. however, animal rotaviruses might contribute to the emergence of new reassortment strains in view of their segmented genome, and thus, produce new antigenic variants. on the contrary, campylobacter fetus jejuni produces a true zoonosis. man acquires bacilli by ingesting w ...	1984	6545623
the effect of storage in liquid nitrogen on the recovery of human dental plaque bacteria.	centrifuged deposits of various individual bacteria from type-culture collections and dental plaque samples were immersed in liquid nitrogen for periods of up to 2 years. all the organisms were recovered after storage in liquid nitrogen but fusobacterium nucleatum (atcc 10953) and campylobacter fetus (nctc 10354) consistently showed a reduction in the number of colony-forming units after freezing. the main effect on bacterial proportions in plaque samples was a reduction in aerobic gram-negative ...	1984	6596040
human antibody response to outer membrane proteins of campylobacter jejuni during infection.	two techniques were used to isolate outer membrane proteins from campylobacter jejuni, edta-lysozyme extraction and sodium-n-lauroylsarcosinate (sarkosyl) solubilization. the protein profiles of the two preparations were similar, with a few additional bands in the edta-lysozyme preparations. the major outer membrane protein was 43,000 (43k) daltons, and there were 8 to 10 minor bands ranging from 92k to 14k daltons. there was no difference in the protein profile of a strain causing an infection ...	1984	6198286
[campylobacter fetus ssp fetus thrombophlebitis].		1984	6229730
[bacteriocinogenicity of brucellae isolated in foci in the caucasus and their evaluation from taxonomic viewpoints].	the aim of the study was to elucidate the possibility of using bacteriocinogenicity of brucella as taxonomic feature, to determine their phylogenetic relation to other microorganisms by their bacteriocinogenic properties and to investigate the physicochemical properties of brucellacin and conditions for its stable detection. the brucella cultures were isolated in the caucasus. investigation of their capacity for production of bacteriocin according to the procedure described by m.a. konstantinova ...	1984	6230043
immune-mediated migration of neutrophils into the uterine lumen of guinea pigs.	metritis was elicited by intrauterine infusion of tuberculin or killed campylobacter fetus ssp. venerealis into vaccinated guinea pigs and lipopolysaccharide or immune complexes into normal animals. the local inflammatory response to intrauterine infusion of antigens, lipopolysaccharide, and immune complexes was determined by changes in differential cell counts in the uterine lavage fluid and by histopathological examination of uterine tissue. the percentage of neutrophils was significantly (p l ...	1984	6241431
investigation of a campylobacter jejuni outbreak by serotyping and chromosomal restriction endonuclease analysis.	fifty campylobacter jejuni isolates, including 29 from humans associated with an outbreak of enteritis, 20 from cattle, and 1 from a milk source, were serotyped on the basis of extractable thermostable antigens and examined by bacterial chromosomal restriction endonuclease digest analysis. serotyping showed specific differences between the human isolates and the milk isolates, but each of these generally, although not consistently, reacted with 4 of the 42 c. jejuni typing antisera. restriction ...	1984	6325487
parasitic, bacterial, and viral enteric pathogens associated with diarrhea in the central african republic.	a total of 1,197 diarrheic children less than 15 years old were investigated for parasitic, bacterial, and viral enteropathogens from march 1981 through february 1982 in the central african republic. one or more pathogens were identified from 49.4% of the patients. rotavirus was the most frequently identified pathogen among children less than 18 months old. enteropathogenic escherichia coli was the second most frequently isolated pathogen (12.1%) in children less than 2 years of age. campylobact ...	1984	6330161
infection with campylobacter fetus.	over a 4-yr period (1978-1982) about 1 000 cases of campylobacter infection were diagnosed at our laboratory in helsinki, but only 4 proved to be due to campylobacter fetus. all these 4 patients had fever, 3 had diarrhoea and 1 arthritis and thrombophlebitis. the diagnosis was made from blood cultures in all cases; in 1 case the bacterium was also isolated from stools.	1984	6695155
endemic campylobacter jejuni infection in colorado: identified risk factors.	a study of persons with laboratory-confirmed sporadic campylobacter jejuni infection and of controls matched for age and sex in colorado in the summer of 1981 yielded odds ratio estimates significantly greater than 1 for the following risk factors: drinking raw water (10.74), drinking raw milk (6.93), eating undercooked chicken (2.77), and living in a household with a cat (3.21).	1984	6696155
bacterial etiology of diarrhea in children with special reference to campylobacter fetus jejuni.		1984	6698587
campylobacter jejuni diarrhea model in infant chickens.	to study the pathogenic mechanisms of campylobacter jejuni infection, 36- to 72-h-old chickens were fed 10(3) to 10(6) live cells, using strains isolated from 40 patients with watery diarrhea and 6 with bloody mucoid diarrhea from whom no other known enteropathogen was detected. chickens of starbro strain were more likely to develop c. jejuni-induced diarrhea than were white leghorn chickens. diarrhea was defined on the basis of amounts of gut fluid in 288 chicks fed with live c. jejuni versus 1 ...	1984	6698612
serotyping and biotyping of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from sporadic cases and outbreaks in norway.	of 172 thermophilic campylobacters isolated from human cases of gastroenteritis in norway, 149 (86.6%) were classified as campylobacter jejuni, whereas 23 isolates (13.4%) belonged to campylobacter coli. c. jejuni biotype 1 comprised 66.3% and c. jejuni biotype 2 comprised 20.3% of the total number. using 50 unabsorbed antisera, we were able to serotype 109 (80.1%) of 136 campylobacters on the basis of heat-stable antigens identified by means of passive hemagglutination. the typable strains fell ...	1984	6699144
blood-free selective medium for isolation of campylobacter jejuni from feces.	a blood-free selective agar is described which contains charcoal, ferrous sulfate, sodium pyruvate, casein hydrolysates, cefazolin, and sodium deoxycholate (ccd agar). ccd agar was compared with preston medium for isolation of campylobacter jejuni from human feces, and isolation rates were similar on both media, but ccd agar was less selective. temperature studies at 37 and 42 degrees c confirmed that incubation of direct plates at 42 degrees c for 48 h was necessary for maximum isolation of c. ...	1984	6699146
improved preservation medium for campylobacter jejuni.	an egg-based medium was found to be superior to the conventional wang transport medium and the recently developed biphasic medium for the preservation of campylobacter jejuni in the laboratory. strains of c. jejuni preserved in egg-based medium maintained at 4 degrees c were viable for over 3 months. the survival of c. jejuni in egg-based medium held at room temperature (27 +/- 2 degrees c) was also relatively longer than in wang transport medium and biphasic medium.	1984	6699154
in vitro susceptibilities of 40 campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni strains to niridazole and metronidazole.	the activities of niridazole and metronidazole were compared by an agar dilution method against 40 strains of campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni of human origin. niridazole had a markedly higher activity than metronidazole.	1984	6703680
[frequency of campylobacter fetus ss. jejuni and yersinia enterocolitica in children with acute diarrhea].		1984	6704228
diagnostic studies of the fetus, placenta and maternal blood from 265 bovine abortions.	during 1981, the fetus, placenta and maternal serum were received from each of 265 bovine abortions. these specimens were examined using histopathological, histochemical, bacteriological, mycological, endocrinological, immunological, serological and virological techniques. the cause of abortion was identified in 98 (37%) cases. of these diagnosed abortions 27 (28%) were due to infection with fungi, 17 (17%) to salmonella spp, 11 (11%) to campylobacter fetus and 10 (10%) to corynebacterium pyogen ...	1984	6705541
association of campylobacter jejuni with laying hens and eggs.	laying hens were individually caged at 20 weeks of age and tested for fecal excretion of campylobacter jejuni (minimum level of detection was 100 cfu/g) during a 42-week period. peak rates of c. jejuni isolation (approximately 25% of hens positive) occurred at two different times, in october and in late april to early may. before being segregated in late september, birds were allowed to consume fecal matter, litter, and communal drinking water, all likely sources of c. jejuni. the increased excr ...	1984	6712220
hemolytic uremic syndrome after campylobacter-induced diarrhea in an adult.	campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni is a recognized pathogen of the gastrointestinal (gi) tract resulting in a spectrum of illness from mild gastroenteritis to severe colitis with bloody diarrhea. campylobacter is also being recognized as capable of producing systemic illness. furthermore, antibody response, hypocomplementemia, and bacteremia with enterotoxic organisms have been described. many of the clinical features, both local (le, in the gi tract) and systemic, parallel those of shigella. ...	1984	6712399
comparative efficacy of liquid enrichment medium for isolation of campylobacter jejuni.	isolation of campylobacter jejuni from 1,249 human fecal specimens by direct inoculation on selective columbia agar and liquid enrichment medium was compared. the use of liquid enrichment medium provided a 30% higher isolation rate of c. jejuni. the overall isolation rate achieved by using direct plating and enrichment together was 8.2%.	1984	6715514
comparative studies on competitive exclusion of three isolates of campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni in chickens by native gut microflora.	resistance of young chicks to campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni was substantially increased by early exposure to native gut microflora. protection was demonstrated against two human isolates and a chicken isolate of c. fetus subsp. jejuni. significant protection against the chicken isolate was observed throughout a 91-day test period. infection reached 100% (25/25) in the untreated group at 56 days of age and only 4% (1/25) in the group treated with native gut microflora. campylobacter fetus sub ...	1984	6721792
is enrichment culture necessary for the isolation of campylobacter jejuni from faeces?		1984	6725607
a study of the spread of campylobacter jejuni in four large kitchens.	campylobacters were sought in swabs taken from work surfaces, sinks and floors of four kitchens-i.e. hospital, university, cook-freeze and commercial, processing frozen or fresh chickens. each kitchen was visited on four occasions. in the large commercial kitchen environmental contamination was found on each visit, whereas campylobacters were isolated on six of the twelve visits to the other kitchens. the hands of operatives were contaminated with campylobacters on only two of the 45 swabs taken ...	1984	6736643