Publications

cloning, sequencing, and expression of the fadd gene of escherichia coli encoding acyl coenzyme a synthetase.	in the enteric bacterium, escherichia coli, acyl coenzyme a synthetase (fatty acid:coa ligase (amp-forming) ec 6.2.1.3) activates exogenous long-chain fatty acids concomitant with their transport across the inner membrane into metabolically active coa thioesters. these compounds serve as substrates for acyl-coa dehydrogenase in the first step in the process of beta-oxidation. the acyl-coa synthetase structural gene, fadd, has been identified on clone 6d1 of the kohara e. coli gene library and by ...	1992	1460045
effect of nitrite ingestion on the bioavailability of folate in the rat.	the effect of nitrite ingestion on the intestinal deconjugation and absorption of folic acid (pga) and brewers yeast folate was investigated using a rat bioassay and liver folate uptake as the response parameter. male weanling sprague dawley rats were depleted on a low folate ain-76a formulated basal diet for 21 days. during a 14 day repletion period, folic acid (pga) and brewers yeast were added to provide 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg of folate per kg of diet. potassium nitrite was administered as part ...	1992	1473906
evidence for a conserved 95-120 kda subunit associated with and essential for activity of v-atpases.	vacuoles purified from saccharomyces cerevisiae bearing the vph1-1 mutation had no detectable bafilomycin-sensitive atpase activity or atp-dependent proton pumping. furthermore, the vacuolar h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) nucleotide binding subunits were no longer associated with vacuolar membranes yet were present at wild-type levels in yeast whole-cell extracts. the vph1 gene was cloned by screening a lambda gt11 expression library with antibodies directed against a 95 kda vacuolar integral membrane p ...	1992	1491220
regulatory consequences of organization of citric acid cycle enzymes.		1992	1499336
determination of free n-acetylamino acids in biological samples and n-terminal acetylamino acids of proteins.	n-acetylamino acids were derivatized with 9-anthryldiazomethane to the corresponding esters. the anthryl esters were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and detected fluorimetrically (excitation at 365 nm; fluorescence emission measured at 412 nm). n-acetyl derivatives of asn, gln, ser, thr, gly, ala, tyr, pro, met, val, ile and leu as well as n-formyl-met could be separated and identified in the same chromatographic run. the detection limit was from 0.10 pmol for acgln to 5.5 pm ...	1992	1500458
2,3-epoxy-10-aza-10,11-dihydrosqualene, a high-energy intermediate analogue inhibitor of 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase.	2,3-epoxy-10-aza-10,11-dihydrosqualene, a high-energy intermediate analogue inhibitor of 2,3-oxidosqualene (so) cyclase was obtained by total synthesis. this involved the preparation of three main building blocks: (1) c17 squalenoid n-methylamine, (2) 3-(diphenylphosphinoyl)propanal, and (3) 5,6-epoxy-6-methylheptan-2-one. the final stages of the reconstruction of the 6e double bond were obtained by a wittig-horner reaction which was modified for poorly reactive systems. this compound was design ...	1992	1501233
distinct and specific gap activities in rat pancreas act on the yeast gtp-binding proteins ypt1 and sec4.	previous studies have demonstrated that sec4, a 23.5 kda guanine nucleotide-binding protein of the ras superfamily is required for exocytosis in the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. ypt1, another ras-like 23 kda guanine nucleotide-binding protein in yeast has been found to be involved in er-golgi transport. a mammalian homologue of ypt1 called rab1 has also been identified. recent studies using purified sec4 protein have identified a component of yeast lystate that specifically stimulates ...	1992	1511744
[adaptation of rats to unusual protein products during transition to definitive nutrition].	the authors studied the adaptation of initial and final links of the proteolytic chain, and intermediate nitrogen metabolism, to unusual products--protein concentrate from yeast-saccharomyces and anchovy. a number of enzymes in the organs-producers were found to be activated due to intensification of a limited proteolytic reaction. it was established that the changes in the functioning of the proteolytic stage of the digestive-transport conveyor led to shifts in the amino-acid pool in the blood ...	1992	1514254
investigation of structure function relationships in cathepsin b.	previous suggestions from sequence alignment studies and examination of the recently determined x-ray crystal structures of cathepsin b point to roles for several specific residues in substrate binding and catalysis. the role of these groups is being examined by studying cathepsin b mutants produced using a yeast expression system. the substitutions gly198asp, arg202ala, his111gln and glu245gln provide a mechanistic basis for the exopeptidase activity of cathepsin b and the ability of this cyste ...	1992	1515068
antibodies to rat procathepsin b recognize the active mature enzyme.	use of mature cathepsin b for immunization invariably yields antisera that react with the denatured protein but not with the native enzyme. this is thought to be due to spontaneous denaturation of the immunizing antigen on introduction into the animal. recombinant rat procathepsin b has been expressed in yeast as a secreted product. a procathepsin b mutant (cys29ser), where autoprocessing is prevented, has been purified and used to raise a rabbit polyclonal antiserum. both immunodiffusion analys ...	1992	1515070
oscillations in glycolysis: multifactorial quantitative analysis in muscle extract.	a multifactorial quantitative analysis of oscillations in glycolysis was conducted in the postmicrosomal supernatant of rat muscle homogenates incubated in the presence of yeast hexokinase. oscillations in adenine nucleotides, d-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, triose phosphates, l-glycerol 3-phosphate, 3hoh generation from d-[5-3h]glucose, nadh and l-lactate production were documented. the occurrence of such oscillations were found to depend mainly on the balance between the consumption of atp associ ...	1992	1518503
[the yeast test: an alternative method for determination of acute toxicity of drugs and environmental chemicals].	starting point for this study was the urgent need for replacement of the contemporary mode of acute toxicity testing of chemicals in vertebrates (ld50-test) by an experimental model with equal power that can be performed on non-pain sensitive matter. for this purpose, a testing procedure ought to be developed using a non-pathogenic microorganism as testing object that is available at any time, easy to cultivate, and in its indicative power equivalent to the ld50 test in mice, rats, and other lab ...	1992	1518900
affinity labeling of vertebrate oxidosqualene cyclases with a tritiated suicide substrate.	pig and rat liver oxidosqualene cyclase (osc) enzymes were purified to homogeneity and showed single bands on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with molecular masses of 75 kda (pig) and 78 kda (rat). pig liver osc was purified for the first time (441-fold with a yield of 39%). chemical affinity labeling of pure or crude preparations of the liver cyclases using the mechanism-based irreversible inhibitor of osc, [3h]29-methylidene-2,3-oxidosqualene ([3h]29-mos), showed a single radioactive ba ...	1992	1520315
functional consequences of mutation of highly conserved serine residues, found at equivalent positions in the n- and c-terminal domains of mammalian hexokinases.	despite the extensive sequence similarity between the n- and c-terminal halves of the 100-kda molecular weight mammalian hexokinases (atp:d-hexose 6-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.1), reflecting their evolutionary origin by duplication and fusion of a gene coding for a smaller ancestral hexokinase, there is evidence for a functional division, with the c-terminal domain retaining a catalytic role while the n-terminal domain serves a regulatory function [binding of the product inhibitor, glucose 6-p ...	1992	1524437
17 beta-estradiol hydroxylation catalyzed by human cytochrome p450 1a1: a comparison of the activities induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mcf-7 cells with those from heterologous expression of the cdna.	exposure of mcf-7 breast cancer cells to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) causes an elevated cytochrome p450 content and a marked increase in the microsomal hydroxylation of 17 beta-estradiol (e2) at the c-2, c-4, c-15 alpha, and c-6 alpha positions. in this study we investigated the involvement of cytochromes p450 of the 1a gene subfamily in this metabolism of e2. hydroxylation at each of these four positions of e2 was inhibited by p450 1a-subfamily inhibitors, alpha-naphthoflavone, b ...	1992	1536570
identification of ras and ras-related low-molecular-mass gtp-binding proteins associated with rat lung lamellar bodies.	recent evidence from genetic experiments in yeast and from studies using guanosine triphosphate (gtp) analogues in mammalian cells suggests a key role for low-molecular-mass gtp-binding proteins (lmm-gbps) (mr 19 to 28 kd) in processes of intracellular vesicular sorting and secretion. assembly and exocytosis of the lamellar body (lb), the secretory organelle of the pulmonary alveolar type 2 pneumocyte, may be regulated by lmm-gbps. we used [alpha-32p]gtp binding to western blotted proteins, ultr ...	1992	1540390
a ribosomal protein is specifically recognized by saporin, a plant toxin which inhibits protein synthesis.	many plants express enzymes which specifically remove an adenine residue from the skeleton of the 28 s rna in the major subunit of the eukaryotic ribosome (ribosome inactivating proteins, rips). the site of action of rips (a4324 in the rrna from rat liver) is in a loop structure whose nucleotide sequence all around the target adenine is also conserved in those species which are completely or partially insensitive to rips. in this paper we identify a covalent complex between saporin (the rip extr ...	1992	1544437
amino-terminal octapeptides function as recognition signals for the mitochondrial intermediate peptidase.	we have shown previously that cleavage of a number of precursors by the mitochondrial processing peptidase (mpp) requires an intermediate octapeptide (fxxsxxxx) between the mpp cleavage site and the mature protein amino terminus. we show now that these octapeptides, present at the amino termini of the intermediates, direct recognition of these substrates by the mitochondrial intermediate peptidase (mip), leading to formation of mature proteins. synthetic peptides, corresponding to the intermedia ...	1992	1560019
inhibition kinetics of hepatic microsomal long chain fatty acid-coa ligase by 2-arylpropionic acid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	microsomal long chain fatty acid coa ligase (ec 6.2.1.3) has been implicated in the formation of coa thioesters of xenobiotics containing a carboxylic acid moiety. in this study we have demonstrated that the microsomal enzyme from rat liver exhibits biphasic kinetics for the formation of palmitoyl-coa, i.e. there are high affinity low capacity kmhigh, 1.6 microm, vmaxhigh, 12.9 nmol/mg/min) and low affinity high capacity (kmlow, 506 microm, vmaxlow, 58.3 nmol/mg/min) components. inhibition of th ...	1992	1567471
conserved residues flanking the thiol/disulfide centers of protein disulfide isomerase are not essential for catalysis of thiol/disulfide exchange.	protein disulfide isomerase (pdi) catalyzes the oxidative folding of proteins containing disulfide bonds by increasing the rate of disulfide bond rearrangements which normally occur during the folding process. the amino acid sequences of the n- and c-terminal redox active sites (pwcghck) in pdi are completely conserved from yeast to man and display considerable identity with the redox-active center of thioredoxin (ewcgpck). available data indicate that the two thiol/disulfide centers of pdi can ...	1992	1567868
opposite responses of nuclear spermidine n8-acetyltransferase and histone acetyltransferase activities to regenerative stimuli in rat liver.	experiments performed in different models of hepatic regeneration at the time of maximal dna synthesis, determined by thymidine kinase activity assay, demonstrated that spermidine n8-acetyltransferase activity increased 48 hr after ccl4 administration (2-fold), 72 hr after ccl4 plus phenobarbital (3-fold) and 24 hr after partial hepatectomy (4.5-fold). on the contrary, at these times histone acetyltransferase activity diminished (approximately twofold) and was unchanged compared with control val ...	1992	1568734
mechanism of assembly of the rna polymerase ii preinitiation complex. evidence for a functional interaction between the carboxyl-terminal domain of the largest subunit of rna polymerase ii and a high molecular mass form of the tata factor.	genetic evidence argues that the highly conserved carboxyl-terminal domain (ctd) of the largest subunit of rna polymerase ii functions directly in the regulation of transcription of many eukaryotic genes. the observation that partial deletion of the ctd of yeast rna polymerase ii reduces the ability of the enzyme to respond to signals from a variety of upstream activating sequences led to the proposal that the ctd plays a role in the dialogue between regulatory factors that bind upstream activat ...	1992	1569096
uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase in saccharomyces cerevisiae. hem12 gene sequence and evidence for two conserved glycines essential for enzymatic activity.	the hem12 gene from saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase which catalyzes the sequential decarboxylation of the four acetyl side chains of uroporphyrinogen to yield coproporphyrinogen, an intermediate in protoheme biosynthesis. the gene was isolated by functional complementation of a hem12 mutant. sequencing revealed that the hem12 gene encodes a protein of 362 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 41,348 da. the amino acid sequence shares 50% identity with hu ...	1992	1576986
specific in vitro o-glycosylation of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating-factor-derived peptides by o-glycosyltransferases of yeast and rat liver cells.	human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hgm-csf) is o-glycosylated at residues ser9 and thr10 during secretion by yeast and cos-1 cells [ernst, j.f., mermod, j.-j. and richman, l.i. (1992) eur. j. biochem. 203, 663-667]. two types of octapeptides encompassing residues 4-11 (peptide 4-11) and variants thereof, or residues 8-15 (peptide 8-15) of hgm-csf were tested as substrates for in vitro o-glycosylation using dolichyl-phosphate- d-mannose: protein o-d-mannosyltransferase (man-t ...	1992	1576999
metabolism of trans,trans-muconaldehyde by aldehyde and alcohol dehydrogenases: identification of a novel metabolite.	the metabolism of trans,trans-muconaldehyde (ma), a highly reactive alpha,beta-unsaturated dialdehyde, was examined in vitro using purified yeast alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases (adh and aldh, respectively). in the presence of nad(+)-fortified aldh, the mono-oxidation product (acid/aldehyde) was the primary metabolite formed with trace amounts of the dioxidation product (trans,trans-muconic acid). in nadh-fortified reactions with adh, both the mono- and direduction products (hydroxy/aldehyde ...	1992	1585367
elevated expression of the ribosomal protein s2 gene in human tumors.	differential screening of a cdna library was used to isolate genes differentially expressed in a nontumorigenic clone and a ras-transformed variant of the human teratocarcinoma cell line pa-1. the rna transcript for one of the cdna clones that we identified was expressed at a 25-fold higher level in the ras-transformed pa-1 cells than in the nontumorigenic pa-1 cells. dna sequence analysis of this clone showed that it had 86% nucleic acid homology to the mouse llrep3 gene and only differed at a ...	1992	1586449
alanine and hyperosmolarity are responsible for the stimulation of cardiomyocyte glucose transport by samples containing a glucose tolerance factor.	low-molecular-weight, cationic samples, that were previously reported to contain a glucose tolerance factor, were obtained by partial purification from yeast extract. these samples increased the rate of glucose transport in isolated cardiomyocytes 2.0- to 2.5-fold. a further purification by gel filtration led to the separation of two active components that were identified as (i) l-alanine and (ii) an elevated osmolarity. moreover, the effect of partially purified fractions (before gel filtration ...	1992	1593925
[a comparative study of the effect of pyrazole on the activity of enzymes in the alcohol/polyol dehydrogenase family].	a comparative study of the effect of pyrazol, an inhibitor of the coenzyme-binding site of alcohol dehydrogenases, on the activity of enzymes of the alcohol/polyol dehydrogenase group has been carried out. commercial preparations of alcohol dehydrogenases from the cytoplasm of horse liver cells and yeast cells, as well as the enzyme from the cytoplasm of trichosporon pullulans cells was completely inhibited by 1 mm pyrazol, while alcohol dehydrogenases from candida utilis and saccharomyces carls ...	1992	1594544
rat cystathionine beta-synthase. gene organization and alternative splicing.	we elucidated the structure and alternative splicing patterns of the rat cystathionine beta-synthase gene. the gene is 20-25 kilobase pairs long, and its coding region is divided into 17 exons. these are alternatively spliced, forming four distinct mrnas (types i through iv). the predicted open reading frames encode proteins of 61.5, 39, 60, and 52.5 kda, respectively. exons 13 and 16 are used alternatively and mutually exclusively. exon 13 includes a stop codon and encodes the unique carboxyl-t ...	1992	1597473
phospholipid dependence of rat liver microsomal acyl:coa synthetase and acyl-coa:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine o-acyltransferase.	investigations were performed on the influence of the phospholipid composition and physicochemical properties of the rat liver microsomal membranes on acyl-coa synthetase and acyl-coa:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine o-acyltransferase activities. the phospholipid composition of the membranes was modified by incubation with different phospholipids in the presence of lipid transfer proteins or by partial delipidation with exogenous phospholipase c and subsequent enrichment with phospholipids. th ...	1992	1625322
serine and threonine catabolism in saccharomyces cerevisiae: the cha1 polypeptide is homologous with other serine and threonine dehydratases.	the catabolic l-serine (l-threonine) dehydratase of saccharomyces cerevisiae allows the yeast to grow on media with l-serine or l-threonine as sole nitrogen source. previously we have cloned the cha1 gene by complementation of a mutant, cha1, lacking the dehydratase activity. here we present the dna sequence of a 1,766-bp fragment of the cha1 region encompassing an open reading frame of 1080 bp. comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence of the cha1 polypeptide with that of other serine/thr ...	1992	1628804
molecular mimicry: uveitis induced in macaca fascicularis by microbial protein having sequence homology with retinal s-antigen.	s-antigen (s-ag), a well characterized 45-kda protein in the photoreceptor cells, induces predominantly t-cell-mediated autoimmune uveitis when injected into experimental animals. recently, we have shown that native histone h3 protein derived from yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae), or a synthetic peptide that is homologous with s-ag peptide m in having six consecutive amino acids, induces experimental autoimmune uveitis (eau) similar to that induced by native s-ag in the lewis rat. in this study, ...	1992	1635290
rat procathepsin b. proteolytic processing to the mature form in vitro.	expression of rat procathepsin b in yeast led to the secretion of both the latent and mature forms of the enzyme. culture in the presence of a cysteine proteinase inhibitor prevented this processing. we have expressed and purified a mutant form of rat procathepsin b whose active-site cysteine residue has been changed to a serine, and which also lacks the glycosylation site in the mature region of the protein. this non-active mutant protein was secreted essentially in an unprocessed form. the pur ...	1992	1639824
primary structure of the thermoplasma proteasome and its implications for the structure, function, and evolution of the multicatalytic proteinase.	the proteasome or multicatalytic proteinase is a high molecular mass multisubunit complex ubiquitous in eukaryotes but also found in the archaebacterial proteasome is made of two different subunits only, and yet the complexes are almost identical in size and shape. cloning and sequencing the gene encoding the small (beta) subunit of the t. acidophilum complex completes the primary structure of the archaebacterial proteasome. the similarity of the derived amino acid sequences of 233 (alpha) and 2 ...	1992	1734972
engineering mammalian aspartyl-trna synthetase to probe structural features mediating its association with the multisynthetase complex.	aspartyl-trna synthetase from higher eukaryotes is a component of a multienzyme complex comprising nine aminoacyl-trna synthetases. the cdna encoding cytoplasmic rat liver aspartyl-trna synthetase was previously cloned and sequenced. this work reports the identification of structural features responsible for its association within the multisynthetase complex. mutant and chimeric proteins have been expressed in mammalian cells and their structural behavior analyzed. a wild-type rat liver aspartyl ...	1992	1735430
increased sterigmatocystin-induced mutation frequency in saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing cytochrome p450 cyp2b1.		1992	1739423
use of a yeast expression system for the isolation and analysis of drug-resistant mutants of a mammalian phosphodiesterase.	saccharomyces cerevisiae strain pp5 has a phosphodiesterase (pde) deficiency that results in heat-shock sensitivity due to the intracellular accumulation of camp. this strain also carries the cam mutation, which confers permeability to camp and, as shown here, to other compounds. expression of rat type iv pde in these cells caused them to revert to heat-shock resistance. treatment of the transformed pp5 cells with rolipram, an antidepressant in humans and a potent inhibitor of type iv pdes, rein ...	1993	7505450
antipyretic and platelet antiaggregating effects of nimesulide.	nimesulide strongly inhibited ex vivo platelet aggregation in guinea-pigs after both single and repeated (once daily for 5 days) oral dosing, irrespective of the aggregating agent used (adenosine diphosphate, arachidonic acid or collagen). its potency was consistently greater than that shown by either ticlopidine or acetylsalicylic acid. in both oral and rectal administration, nimesulide proved to be more active and longer lasting than paracetamol in inhibiting fever induced in rats injected sub ...	1993	7506194
the complete amino acid sequence of subunit d of rat liver mitochondrial h(+)-atp synthase.	subunit d of h(+)-atp synthase from rat liver mitochondria was isolated from the purified enzyme by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. the partial amino acid sequence of the subunit was determined by automated edman degradation of the peptide fragments. the nucleotide sequence of subunit d of rat liver h(+)-atp synthase was determined from a recombinant cdna clone isolated by screening a rat hepatoma cell line h4tg cdna library with a probe dna. the sequence was composed of 58 ...	1993	7509337
secondary structure of rnase mrp rna as predicted by phylogenetic comparison.	rnase mrp is a ribonucleoprotein endoribonuclease that has been shown to cleave mitochondrial primer rna sequences from a variety of sources. the bulk of rnase mrp activity is found in the nucleus where its function remains unknown. two different approaches have resulted in predictions of distinct secondary structures for rnase mrp rna. in order to analyze more definitively the higher-order structure of rnase mrp rna, we have conducted a phylogenetic comparison of the available rnase mrp rna seq ...	1993	7678563
cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of tert.-butyl-p-quinone (tbq) in an in vitro assay system with chinese hamster v79 cells and in strain d7 of saccharomyces cerevisiae.	tert.-butyl-p-quinone (tbq), a major metabolite of the phenolic antioxidant tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (bha), was examined for cytotoxic and genotoxic properties in an in vitro assay system with chinese hamster v79 cells and in diploid strain d7 of saccharomyces cerevisiae. tbq was prepared from bha by oxidative demethylation with sodium nitrite at low ph. spectroscopic analyses identified the crystalline reaction product as tbq with a purity close to 100%. cytotoxicity of tbq was determined b ...	1993	7679195
sap90, a rat presynaptic protein related to the product of the drosophila tumor suppressor gene dlg-a.	a novel synapse-associated protein, sap90, accumulates around the axon hillock of purkinje cells in rat cerebellum. by immuno-electron microscopy, sap90 has been localized to the presynaptic termini of basket cells forming inhibitory, gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba)ergic synapses onto purkinje cell axon hillocks. the amino acid sequence for sap90 has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of a series of overlapping cdna clones. sap90 is related to the gene product encoded by the drosophila tum ...	1993	7680343
analysis of conserved binding proteins for nuclear localization sequences.	correct targeting of nuclear proteins is mediated by nuclear localization sequences (nls) which permit specific binding to the nucleus and subsequent translocation across the nuclear envelope via the nuclear pore complex. it is proposed that nuclear import is facilitated by nls-receptors which reside in the cytoplasm and at the nuclear pore. these nls-receptors could facilitate an early step of nuclear protein import, i.e. targeting and binding of nuclear proteins at the nuclear pore. we have ge ...	1993	7680661
expression and localization of two low molecular weight gtp-binding proteins, rab8 and rab10, by epitope tag.	small gtp-binding proteins of the ypt/sec4/rab family have been shown to play an essential role in intracellular membrane trafficking. in mammals, rab8 and rab10 are the two small gtp-binding proteins identified so far that are closest to sec4, an essential gene product involved in post-golgi constitutive secretion in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. to study the localization of rab proteins, we have expressed the cdnas with an influenza virus hemagglutinin (ha) epitope tag at the n terminus. ...	1993	7688123
mineral status in selenium-deficient rats compared to selenium-sufficient rats fed vitamin-free casein-based or torula yeast-based diet.	to clarify the mineral status in selenium (se)-deficient rats fed a vitamin-free casein (vfc)-based or torula yeast (ty)-based diet, 24 weanling male wistar rats were divided into 4 groups fed diets using vfc or ty as the protein source and containing se at sufficient (0.5 microgram/g, +se) or deficient (0.019 microgram/g for vfc-based and < 0.005 microgram/g for ty-based diets, -se) level for 8 wk. ty supplied a larger amount of extra minerals (na, k, ca, mg, fe, mn, zn, and cu) except se than ...	1993	7688535
developmental and hormonal regulation of the xenopus liver-type arginase gene.	liver-type l-arginase is a major urea-cycle enzyme which is strongly induced during amphibian metamorphosis, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this induction. as a first step towards elucidating the possible mechanisms, we have isolated a cdna clone for l-arginase from an adult xenopus laevis liver cdna library. sequence comparison of xenopus liver-type l-arginase cdna shows a strong conservation at the amino acid level with those of human, rat and yeast. using a xeno ...	1993	7916684
characterization of cathepsin b specificity by site-directed mutagenesis. importance of glu245 in the s2-p2 specificity for arginine and its role in transition state stabilization.	the ph dependence of cathepsin b-catalyzed hydrolyzes is very complex. at least seven dissociable groups are involved in the binding and hydrolysis of 7-amido-4-methyl coumarin and p-nitroaniline (pna)-based substrates containing a p1 arg and either a phe or arg at the p2 position. by site-directed mutagenesis we show that a previous suggestion, that arg202 is one of the groups which influences the ph dependence of cathepsin b-catalyzed hydrolysis of the z-arg-arg-pna substrate, is not valid. ho ...	1993	8093241
the cytochrome p450 1a2 active site: topology and perturbations caused by glutamic acid-318 and threonine-319 mutations.	phenyldiazene reacts with rat liver cyp1a2 expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae to give a phenyl-iron complex that rearranges to a mixture (nb:na:nc:nd = 12:54:14:20, subscript indicates pyrrole ring) of n-phenyl-ppix (ppix = protoporphyrin) regioisomers. the same isomer pattern is obtained in each instance when the purified or microsomal enzyme reacts with phenyldiazene, indicating that the active site topology is not altered by removal of the protein from the membrane. reaction of the enzyme ...	1993	8095402
isolation and characterization of aap1. a gene encoding an alanine/arginine aminopeptidase in yeast.	the yeast aap1 gene, encoding a putative amino-peptidase, was isolated based on its ability to suppress the temperature-sensitive growth on nonfermentable carbon sources of spr5, a stationary phase regulatory mutant. aap1 was physically mapped to chromosome viii between put2 and cup1. sequence analysis of the aap1 gene showed a 1581-nucleotide open reading frame capable of encoding a 59-kilodalton protein. the protein encoded by this open reading frame exhibits approximately 40% sequence identit ...	1993	8100228
cloning and characterization of the gene that encodes acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase in the alga cyclotella cryptica.	the gene that encodes acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase (accase; ec 6.4.1.2) in the eukaryotic alga cyclotella cryptica has been isolated and cloned, representing the first time that a full-length gene for this enzyme has been isolated from a photosynthetic organism. the gene contains a 447-base pair intron that is located near the putative translation initiation codon and a 73-base pair intron that is located slightly upstream from the region that encodes the biotin binding site of the enzyme. the ...	1993	8103514
the acquisition of lysophosphatidylcholine by african trypanosomes.	bloodstream forms of the african trypanosome, trypanosoma brucei, can acquire substantial amounts of exogenous lysophospholipid. lysophosphatidylcholine uptake is through a pathway consisting of three enzymes, phospholipase a1, acyl-coa ligase, and lysophosphatidylcholine:acyl-coa acyltransferase. the pathway enables the organism to acquire fatty acids and phospholipid head groups such as choline. radiolabeling and 13c nmr studies show that two molecules of lysophosphatidylcholine are used to ge ...	1993	8314756
pre-golgi degradation of yeast prepro-alpha-factor expressed in a mammalian cell. influence of cell type-specific oligosaccharide processing on intracellular fate.	we demonstrate that expression of yeast prepro-alpha-factor in gh3 rat pituitary cells results in its degradation in an endoplasmic reticulum (er) or early golgi compartment, suggesting that this wild-type prohormone is recognized as abnormal or misfolded in the context of a mammalian er. in gh3 cells, as in yeast, the nascent polypeptide is efficiently targeted to the er, where it undergoes cleavage of its amino-terminal signal peptide and core glycosylation to form glycosylated pro-alpha-facto ...	1993	8314793
enzymic characterization of murine and human prohormone convertase-1 (mpc1 and hpc1) expressed in mammalian gh4c1 cells.	prohormone convertase-1 (pc1), an endopeptidase that is structurally related to the yeast subtilisin-like kex2 gene product, has been proposed to be involved in mammalian tissue-specific prohormone processing at pairs of basic residues. to better study this enzyme, a rat somatomammotroph cell line, gh4c1, was infected with vaccinia virus recombinants of murine pc1 (mpc1) and human pc1 (hpc1). an enzymically active form of each protein was secreted into the cell medium and partially purified by a ...	1993	8318017
a cell cycle and mutational analysis of anchorage-independent growth: cell adhesion and tgf-beta 1 control g1/s transit specifically.	we have examined cell cycle control of anchorage-independent growth in nontransformed fibroblasts. in previous studies using g0-synchronized nrk and nih-3t3 cells, we showed that anchorage-independent growth is regulated by an attachment-dependent transition at g1/s that resembles the start control point in the cell cycle of saccharomyces cerevisiae. in the studies reported here, we have synchronized nrk and nih-3t3 fibroblasts immediately after this attachment-dependent transition to determine ...	1993	8320267
gastric colonization with candida albicans.	we adapted a rat model of gastrointestinal candidiasis for studies of in vivo gastric colonization with candida albicans. whereas normal rats cleared a single intragastric inoculum of 5 x 10(6) c. albicans from the stomach within 4 hours, rats pretreated with chloramphenicol and gentamicin achieved stable gastric colonization for at least 5 days after administration of this inoculum. we next used this model to study host modifications hypothesized to alter gastric colonization. a first group rec ...	1993	8326993
hybrid enzymes for structure-function analysis of cytochrome p-450 2b11.	previous work has shown that p-450 2b11 is responsible for the unique ability of dogs to metabolize and eliminate certain highly-chlorinated biphenyls such as 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (245-hcb), whereas the related p-450 2b forms in rat and rabbit are unable to metabolize the compound to any significant degree. to determine the structural basis for this functional diversity, hybrid enzymes were generated. success with this approach required a careful choice of second enzyme and common s ...	1993	8329443
identification of the gene encoding the mitochondrial elongation factor g in mammals.	protein synthesis in cytosolic and rough endoplasmic reticulum associated ribosomes is directed by factors, many of which have been well characterized. although these factors have been the subject of intense study, most of the corresponding factors regulating protein synthesis in the mitochondrial ribosomes remain unknown. in this report we present the cloning and initial characterization of the gene encoding the rat mitochondrial elongation factor-g (ref-gmt). the rat gene encoding ef-gmt (rmef ...	1993	8332461
tnf-alpha and cyclooxygenase metabolites do not modulate c. albicans septic shock with disseminated candidiasis.	we analyzed differences in host regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) production and pathophysiological responses in conscious rats after infection with two strains of pathogenic candida albicans spp. (ca-1 and ca-2) compared with escherichia coli serotype 055:b5 (ec). the hypothesis was tested that, in contrast to ec, hypotension, organ injury, and mortality after candidemia are not obligatorily dependent on tnf-alpha or tnf-alpha-induced cyclooxygenase pathway metabolites. dose ...	1993	8335578
cyclin g: a new mammalian cyclin with homology to fission yeast cig1.	a new gene encoding a cyclin-like protein has been isolated from a rat fibroblast cdna library by cross-hybridization with a mixture of c-src family proto-oncogene kinase domains as a probe. this putative cyclin, called cyclin g, contains a typical cyclin box at the n-terminus but no apparent 'destruction box' or 'pest' sequence. interestingly, in its c-terminus region, it has a sequence homologous with a tyrosine phosphorylation site of the epidermal growth factor receptor. although this cyclin ...	1993	8336937
targeting of histone tails by poly(adp-ribose).	after zn2+ finger-mediated binding to a dna break, poly(adp-ribose) polymerase becomes automodified with long polymers of adp-ribose. these nucleic acid-like polymers may facilitate dna repair by noncovalently interacting with neighboring proteins. using a novel screening technique, we have identified histones as the predominant poly(adp-ribose)-binding species in human keratinocytes, rat hepatocytes, frog eggs, and yeast. polymer binding is confined specifically to the histone domains responsib ...	1993	8349647
the role of the carboxyl-terminal tail in human o6-methylguanine dna methyltransferase substrate specificity and temperature sensitivity.	the human o6-methylguanine dna methyltransferase (mgmt) repairs o6-methylguanine (o6-mg) in dna at a much lower rate than the escherichia coli ada protein, and only mgmt repairs the altered base, o6-benzylguanine (o6-bg). the diversity in dna repair properties between mgmt and ada may be a result of divergent amino acid sequences outside their common proline-cysteine-histidine-arginine-valine (pchrv) acceptor site. one notable sequence difference is an mgmt 28-amino acid carboxyl-terminal tail w ...	1993	8366118
an essential role for phosphatidylinositol transfer protein in phospholipase c-mediated inositol lipid signaling.	transmembrane signaling by the phospholipase c-beta (plc-beta) pathway is known to require at least three components: the receptor, the g protein, and the plc. recent studies have indicated that if the cytosol is allowed to leak out of hl60 cells, then g protein-stimulated plc activity is greatly diminished, indicating an essential role for a cytosolic component(s). we now report the complete purification of one component based on its ability to reconstitute gtp gamma s-mediated plc activity and ...	1993	8374957
mitochondrial cardiolipin in diverse eukaryotes. comparison of biosynthetic reactions and molecular acyl species.	cardiolipin, a unique dimeric phospholipid of bacteria and mitochondria, can be synthesized by two alternative pathways discovered in rat and escherichia coli, respectively. in mitochondrial preparations from fungi (saccharomyces cerevisiae, neurospora crassa), higher plants (phaseolus aureus), molluscs (mytilus edulis) and mammals (rat liver, bovine adrenal gland), cardiolipin was synthesized from cdp-diacylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol, suggesting a common eukaryotic mechanism of cardiolip ...	1993	8385010
metabolic activation of the nitroaromatic antiandrogen flutamide by rat and human cytochromes p-450, including forms belonging to the 3a and 1a subfamilies.	the in vitro metabolic activation of flutamide, a nitroaromatic antiandrogen which produces hepatitis in a few recipients, was first studied with male rat liver microsomes. there was no electron spin resonance evidence for the reduction of flutamide by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph)-cytochrome p-450 reductase into a nitro anion free radical. in contrast, flutamide was oxidatively transformed by cytochrome p-450 into reactive metabolite(s) that covalently bound to mic ...	1993	8386241
a large inverted duplicated dna region associated with an amplified oncogene is stably maintained in a yac.	in the polyoma virus (py) transformed 3b rat cell line the py oncogene and adjacent cellular dna are amplified in arrays of very large inverted duplications. a region of the 3b amplified dna was cloned as a 550 kb insert in a yeast artificial chromosome (yac) vector, designated y3b01. analysis of the y3b01 cloned insert revealed it contained a large inverted duplicated dna region which was approximately 400 kb in size (two palindromic arms of about 200 kb). at least 420 kb of the 550 kb yac inse ...	1993	8388763
myristoyl-coa:protein n-myristoyltransferase activity in cancer cells. purification and characterization of a cytosolic isoform from the murine leukemia cell line l1210.	myristoylation is a co-translational maturation process of proteins. it is extremely specific for the cosubstrate (myristoyl-coa) and for the substrate protein that should bear a glycine at the n-terminus of the protein to be myristoylated. this acylation is catalyzed by the myristoyl-coa:protein n-myristoyltransferase. most of the molecular biochemistry and biology concerning this enzyme has been done on saccharomyces cerevisiae. because of the major importance of this pathway in several types ...	1993	8391437
genetic and biochemical characterization of a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (pip2) by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) generates two second messengers, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and 1,2-diacylglycerol. the polymerase chain reaction was used to isolate a saccharomyces cerevisiae gene (plc1) that encodes a protein of 869 amino acids (designated plc1p) that bears greatest resemblance to the delta isoforms of mammalian pi-plc in terms of overall sequence similarity and domain arrangement. plc1p con ...	1993	8395015
phosphorylation of mg(2+)-dependent protein phosphatase alpha (type 2c alpha) by casein kinase ii.	in this study we show that rat mg(2+)-dependent protein phosphatase alpha (mpp alpha) expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae cells was phosphorylated on serine residues in vivo. the recombinant rat mpp alpha purified from escherichia coli cells harboring an expression vector was phosphorylated in vitro by casein kinase ii, but not by casein kinase i, to 1.5 mol phosphate per mol enzyme protein. analysis by phosphopeptide mapping and amino acid analysis suggested that the sites of both in vivo and ...	1993	8395836
substrate and hormone regulation of palmitoyl-coa synthetase in 7800 c1 morris hepatoma cells and cultured rat hepatocytes.	the effects of tetradecylthioacetic acid (tta), insulin and dexamethasone on palmitoyl-coa synthetase activity and its mrna both in 7800 c1 hepatoma cells and cultured rat hepatocytes were studied. (1) when the hepatoma cells were cultivated in the presence of fatty acids or alkyl thioacetic acids (3-thia fatty acids) palmitoyl-coa synthetase activity was increased several fold. the stronger effect was obtained with tta, which also increased long-chain acyl-coa synthetase mrna significantly. tta ...	1993	8399334
cdna cloning of rat proteasome subunit rc7-i, a homologue of yeast pre1 essential for chymotrypsin-like activity.	the nucleotide sequence of a cdna that encodes a new subunit, named rc7-i, of the 20 s proteasome of rat hepatoma cells has been determined. the polypeptide predicted from the open reading frame consists of 201 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 22,912 and isoelectric point of 7.25. approximately 80% of the partial amino acid sequences of several fragments of rc7-i, determined by protein chemical analyses, were found to be in excellent accordance with those deduced from th ...	1993	8405448
structural requirements for high affinity binding of complex ligands by the macrophage mannose receptor.	the mannose receptor of macrophage and hepatic endothelial cells discriminates between endogenous and exogenous sugar-bearing structures. previous competition studies have indicated that the receptor binds the monosaccharides mannose, fucose, and n-acetylglucosamine but displays much higher affinity for multivalent oligosaccharides, such as those found on the surface of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. the hydrodynamic properties of the receptor have been examined, revealing that the recep ...	1993	8416946
yeast single copy gene urp1 is a homolog of rat ribosomal protein gene l21.	this communication reports on a single-copy gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae which is homologous to the rat ribosomal protein gene l21. the yeast and the rat genes show 59% identity in dna sequences and in the predicted protein sequences. this yeast gene is, therefore, assumed to code for an as yet unassigned ribosomal protein (urp1). the urp1 open reading frame is 480 nucleotides long and can encode a protein of about m(r) 18,200. like most of the other known ribosomal protein genes, urp1 is in ...	1993	8428379
cloning, sequencing and expression of a cdna encoding mammalian valyl-trna synthetase.	a fragment of the cdna encoding a rat valyl-trna synthetase (trsval)-like protein was cloned from a rat cdna library in lambda gt11 using an oligodeoxyribonucleotide (oligo) probe. three independent plaque clones containing the human trsval cdna were then isolated from a lambda gt10 human erythroleukemia cdna library using the rat cdna fragment as the hybridization probe. sequence analyses of the cdna fragments provided a 3.2-kb sequence with an open reading frame that contained the 'high' synth ...	1993	8428657
a pair of putative protein kinase genes (ypk1 and ypk2) is required for cell growth in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	probes derived from cdnas encoding isozymes of rat protein kinase c (pkc) were used to screen the genome of the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. we reported previously the isolation of the yeast pkc1 gene, a homolog of the alpha, beta, and gamma subspecies of mammalian pkc. here we report the isolation and genetic characterization of a pair of previously described genes (ypk1 and ypk2) which are predicted to encode protein kinases that share 90% amino acid identity with each other and 44- ...	1993	8437590
purification and characterization of the trefoil peptide human spasmolytic polypeptide (hsp) produced in yeast.	recombinant human spasmolytic polypeptide (r-hsp) has been produced in relatively large amounts in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the two intronless trefoil domains of the hsp-dna were cloned separately by pcr from human genomic dna, and the remaining parts of the gene synthesized. recombinant plasmids were constructed to encode a fusion protein consisting of a hybrid leader sequence and the hsp sequence. the leader sequence serves to direct the fusion protein into the secretory pathway of the cell a ...	1993	8440393
comparative steady-state fluorescence studies of cytosolic rat liver (gtp), saccharomyces cerevisiae (atp) and escherichia coli (atp) phospho enol pyruvate carboxykinases.	two members of the atp-dependent class of phospho enol pyruvate (pep) carboxykinases (saccharomyces cerevisiae and escherichia coli pep carboxykinase), and one member of the gtp-dependent class (the cytosolic rat liver enzyme) have been comparatively analyzed by taking advantage of their intrinsic fluorescence. the s. cerevisiae and the rat liver enzymes show intrinsic fluorescence with a maximum emission characteristic of moderately buried tryptophan residues, while the e. coli carboxykinase sh ...	1993	8448184
filamentous growth and elevated vaginopathic potential of a nongerminative variant of candida albicans expressing low virulence in systemic infection.	the vaginopathic potential and the intravaginal morphology of a nongerminative variant of candida albicans, strain ca-2, were studied in a rat vaginitis model. although it expressed low virulence in systemic infections, strain ca-2 was capable of causing a vaginal infection of the same duration and extent as that obtained in rats challenged with the germ-tube-forming strain c. albicans 3153 from the stock collection or with a fresh clinical isolate of c. albicans from a case of human vaginitis. ...	1993	8454356
cloning and expression of the uga4 gene coding for the inducible gaba-specific transport protein of saccharomyces cerevisiae.	transport of 4-aminobutyric acid (gaba) in saccharomyces cerevisiae is mediated by three transport systems: the general amino acid permease (gap1 gene), the proline permease (put4 gene), and a specific gaba permease (uga4 gene) which is induced in the presence of gaba. the uga4 gene encoding the inducible gaba-specific transporter was cloned and sequenced and its expression analyzed. the predicted amino acid sequence shows that uga4 encodes a 62 kda protein having 9-12 putative membrane-spanning ...	1993	8455553
molecular cloning of rat amidophosphoribosyltransferase.	the cdna of rat amidophosphoribosyltransferase (ec 2.4.2.14, atase), which is the supposed regulatory allosteric enzyme of de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis, has been cloned by polymerase chain reaction. the predicted open reading frame encodes a protein of 517 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 57,436 including a supposed 11-amino acid propeptide. the 16 amino acid residues next to the propeptide were identical to the n-terminal amino acid microsequence of a purified rat liver ...	1993	8463258
clustered organization of homologous krab zinc-finger genes with enhanced expression in human t lymphoid cells.	krab zinc-finger proteins (krab-zfps) constitute a large subfamily of zfps of the krüppel c2h2 type. krab (krüppel-associated box) is an evolutionarily conserved protein domain found n-terminally with respect to the finger repeats. we report here the characterization of a particular subgroup of highly related human krab-zfps. znf91 is one representative of this subgroup and contains 35 contiguous finger repeats at its c-terminus. three mrna isoforms with sequence identity to znf91 were isolated ...	1993	8467795
human hepatic cyp1a1 and cyp1a2 content, determined with specific anti-peptide antibodies, correlates with the mutagenic activation of phip.	mono-specific antibodies targeted to human cyp1a1 and cyp1a2 have been produced by immunizing rabbits with protein conjugates of short synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 290-297 and 284-296 respectively, of these enzymes. the antibody targeted to cyp1a1 bound in immunoblotting to the recombinant protein expressed in yeast but did not bind to any human hepatic microsomal protein, whereas the antibody targeted to cyp1a2 bound only to this enzyme in immunoblotting of human hepatic microso ...	1993	8472319
treatment and serological studies of an italian case of penicilliosis marneffei contracted in thailand by a drug addict infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.	a case of disseminated penicilliosis marneffei, the first to be diagnosed in italy, is described in a male hiv-positive drug addict. the patient had visited thailand several times in the two years prior to his hospitalization. the presenting signs were fever, productive cough, facial skin papules and pustules, nodules on both thumbs and oropharyngeal candidiasis. penicillium marneffei was isolated from a series of blood specimens with the lysis centrifugation procedure. septate, yeast-like cells ...	1993	8472804
proto-oncogene fosb: the amino terminus encodes a regulatory function required for transformation.	overexpression of some members of the fos gene family, including fosb, leads to transformation of established rodent fibroblasts. we have previously shown that transformation by fosb requires the presence of a c-terminal transcriptional activation domain. we now report that transformation by fosb also requires an intact dna-binding domain composed of the functionally bipartite basic region and leucine zipper as well as sequences present in the n terminus that serve a regulatory function. deletio ...	1993	8474434
studies on the mode of antifungal action of pradimicin antibiotics. iii. spectrophotometric sequence analysis of the ternary complex formation of bmy-28864 with d-mannopyranoside and calcium.	sequence of reactions in the process of ternary complex formation of bmy-28864 with d-mannopyranoside and calcium was spectrophotometrically determined under more strict analytical conditions using metal-free preparations of sugars and the pradimicin derivative at a bandpass slit width of 1 nm. in the first phase of ternary complex formation, bmy-28864 stereospecifically recognized and bound to d-mannopyranoside in the absence of calcium, which was revealed by a visible absorption maximum shift ...	1993	8478264
the primary structure of rat ribosomal protein l36.	the amino acid sequence of the rat 60s ribosomal subunit protein l36 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cdna. ribosomal protein l36 has 104 amino acids, the nh2-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mrna and has a molecular weight of 12,128. hybridization of the cdna to digests of nuclear dna suggests that there are 8 to 11 copies of the l36 gene. the mrna for the protein is about 500 nucleotides in length. rat l36 is related to yeast ribosomal protei ...	1993	8484789
is epimorphin involved in vesicular transport?		1993	8490959
isolation of the dld gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding the mitochondrial enzyme d-lactate ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase.	in saccharomyces cerevisiae the utilization of lactate occurs via specific oxidation of l- and d-lactate to pyruvate catalysed by l-lactate ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase (l-lcr) (ec 1.1.2.3) encoded by the cyb2 gene, and d-lactate ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase (d-lcr) (ec 1.1.2.4), respectively. we selected several lactate- pyruvate+ mutants in a cyb2 genetic background. two of them were devoid of d-lcr activity (dld mutants, belonging to the same complementation group). the mutation mappe ...	1993	8492799
epimorphin is related to a new class of neuronal and yeast vesicle targeting proteins.		1993	8493722
methyl-alpha-d-mannopyranoside, mannooligosaccharides and yeast mannans inhibit development of rat adjuvant arthritis.	methyl-alpha-d-mannopyranoside, mannooligosaccharides obtained by acetolysis of yeast mannan, and pure mannans isolated from the cell walls of pathogenic (candida albicans) and nonpathogenic (saccharomyces cerevisiae) yeasts were used for treatment of rat adjuvant arthritis. the arthritis was induced by the application of freund's complete adjuvant into the tail region of rats. the mannose substances were injected into the arthritic rats intraperitonealy at different time intervals. levels of se ...	1993	8496863
coordinate induction of acyl-coa binding protein, fatty acid binding protein and peroxisomal beta-oxidation by peroxisome proliferators.	acyl-coa binding protein (acbp) and fatty acid binding protein (fabp) are important intracellular lipid binding proteins. the purpose of the present experiments was to test the hypothesis that peroxisome proliferators induce acbp in rat hepatocytes as has been shown previously for fabp. the effects of two structurally dissimilar peroxisome proliferators perfluorodecanoic acid (pfda) and clofibric acid (cpib) were examined in primary rat hepatocyte cultures in a chemically defined media. both com ...	1993	8499488
effect of mutations of ionic amino acids of cytochrome p450 1a2 on catalytic activities toward 7-ethoxycoumarin and methanol.	catalytic efficiencies, percentages of rates of product formation per nadph oxidized, and rates of product formation per o2 consumed of ionic mutants of cytochrome p450 1a2 (p450 1a2) were studied. efficiencies of lys99glu, lys453glu, and arg455glu mutants for the hydroxylation reaction toward 7-ethoxycoumarin in the reconstituted system were much lower than that of the wild type (less than 17%), which corresponds to lower turnover numbers for these mutants. in contrast, the catalytic efficienci ...	1993	8504082
rat liver flavin-containing monooxygenase (fmo): cdna cloning and expression in yeast.	a rat liver cdna clone, rfmo1, coding for a flavin-containing monooxygenase (fmo) was isolated. this cdna clone encoded a protein of 532 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence was 84, 82 and 82% identical to those of the pig, human (form 1) and rabbit (form 1) liver fmos, while it was only 52, 50, 54, 56 and 54% identical to the human (form ii), human (form 2) and rabbit liver fmos (form 2) and rabbit and guinea pig lung fmos. rna blot analysis showed that rat liver fmo was also expressed ...	1993	8504165
selenium requirements of rats for normal hepatic and thyroidal 5'-deiodinase (type i) activities.	the nutritional requirement of selenium for type i 5'-deiodinase activity in thyroid compared with liver was assessed in rats. male weanling sprague-dawley rats were fed a torula yeast-based diet for 20 wk. one group of rats was fed the se-deficient basal diet (0.01 mg se/kg). the other three groups were fed the basal diet plus sodium selenite at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg se/kg diet. liver 5'-deiodinase and glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) activities were depressed in the group fed the se-deficient (b ...	1993	8505673
rabbit liver microsomal endopeptidase with substrate specificity for processing proproteins is structurally related to rat testes metalloendopeptidase 24.15.	the detergent extract of rabbit liver microsomes contains an endopeptidase (mep) with substrate specificity for peptides containing arg residues at the p1 and p4 positions in the cleavage site (kawabata, s., and davie, e. w. (1992) j. biol. chem. 267, 10331-10336). these sequences occur in many proproteins such as the vitamin k-dependent proproteins and prohormones. a cdna coding for mep has been obtained from three overlapping clones isolated from two rabbit liver lambda gt10 cdna libraries. th ...	1993	8509389
residues crucial for ras interaction with gdp-gtp exchangers.	cdc25 is essential for ras-mediated activation of adenylyl cyclase in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. this protein acts by catalyzing gdp-gtp exchange on yeast ras. harvey (ha) ras expressed in s. cerevisiae is also recognized by both cdc25 and sdc25, a yeast homolog of cdc25. thus it is feasible to examine molecular aspects of mammalian ras modulation by cdc25 using the ras/camp pathway in yeast as a model system. here, we describe mutational analysis of ha-ras for the identification of res ...	1993	8516302
unusual charge configurations in transcription factors of the basic rna polymerase ii initiation complex.	a systematic analysis of the primary sequences of the polymerase ii initiation complex has revealed unusual charge features in the tfii family proteins. in particular, the proteins tfiia alpha, tfiie alpha, and tfiif carry multiple charge clusters and hyper charge runs, sequence features occurring in < 4% of all (available) eukaryotic proteins. possible implications for these charge structures are discussed in relation to the assembly and function of the polymerase ii transcriptional complex.	1993	8516305
antioxidant defenses of baker's yeast against free radicals and lipid peroxides in rat brain.	we examined through the electron spin resonance spectrometry/spin trapping technique the antioxidant activity of baker's yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae which is known to have both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. the components in baker's yeast were separated by differential filtration/centrifugation using centrifuge-type filter tubes, yielding four nonenzymatic thermostable fractions of varied molecular weights which scavenged 85-95% of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl in organic solution, ...	1993	8215398
cloning and functional expression of a schistosoma japonicum cdna homologous to the enolase gene family.	a cdna encoding the complete open reading frame of schistosoma japonicum enolase has been cloned. the 1494bp cdna (c30) was isolated from a s. japonicum cdna expression library immunoscreened with hyperimmune rabbit sera raised against soluble adult s. japonicum proteins. the orf encodes a protein of 434 amino acids exhibiting 72% identity to human, murine, and rat enolases, and 62% identity to saccharomyces cerevisiae enolase. the inferred molecular mass of the protein is 47,251 daltons, simila ...	1993	8216251
the primary structure of two proteins from the large ribosomal subunit of rice.	we isolated two rice cdnas which encode an open reading frame of 389 amino acids. their deduced amino acid sequence corresponded to the ribosomal protein (r-protein). a comparison of amino acid sequence shows that the deduced amino acid sequence of one cdna is homologous to arabidopsis, yeast and the rat r-protein l3. another encoded products with a high degree of homology to the rat r-protein l7a and yeast r-protein l4.	1993	8218398
dcp gene of escherichia coli: cloning, sequencing, transcript mapping, and characterization of the gene product.	dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase is a c-terminal exopeptidase of escherichia coli. we have isolated the respective gene, dcp, from a low-copy-number plasmid library by its ability to complement a dcp mutation preventing the utilization of the unique substrate n-benzoyl-l-glycyl-l-histidyl-l-leucine. sequence analysis of a 2.9-kb dna fragment revealed an open reading frame of 2,043 nucleotides which was assigned to the dcp gene by n-terminal amino acid sequencing and electrophoretic molecular mass det ...	1993	8226676