Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| response to leopoldo palma. comments on ekino et al. cloning and characterization of a unique cytotoxic protein parasporin-5 produced by bacillus thuringiensis a1100 strain. toxins 2014, 6, 1882-1895. | 2015 | 26633499 | |
| comments on ekino et al. cloning and characterization of a unique cytotoxic protein parasporin-5 produced by bacillus thuringiensis a1100 strain. toxins 2014, 6, 1882-1895. | 2015 | 26633498 | |
| effects of 90-day feeding of transgenic maize bt799 on the reproductive system in male wistar rats. | bt799 is a genetically modified (gm) maize plant that expresses the cry1ac gene from bacillus thuringiensis (bt). the cry1ac gene was introduced into maize line zhen58 to encode the bt crystal protein and thus produce insect-resistant maize bt799. expression of bt protein in planta confers resistance to lepidopteran pests and corn rootworms. the present study was designed to investigate any potential effects of bt799 on the reproductive system of male rats and evaluate the nutritional value of d ... | 2015 | 26633453 |
| transformation and evaluation of cry1ac+cry2a and gtgene in gossypium hirsutum l. | more than 50 countries around the globe cultivate cotton on a large scale. it is a major cash crop of pakistan and is considered "white gold" because it is highly important to the economy of pakistan. in addition to its importance, cotton cultivation faces several problems, such as insect pests, weeds, and viruses. in the past, insects have been controlled by insecticides, but this method caused a severe loss to the economy. however, conventional breeding methods have provided considerable break ... | 2015 | 26617613 |
| improvement and efficient display of bacillus thuringiensis toxins on m13 phages and ribosomes. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) produces insecticidal proteins that have been used worldwide in the control of insect-pests in crops and vectors of human diseases. however, different insect species are poorly controlled by the available bt toxins or have evolved resistance to these toxins. evolution of bt toxicity could provide novel toxins to control insect pests. to this aim, efficient display systems to select toxins with increased binding to insect membranes or midgut proteins involved in toxici ... | 2015 | 26606918 |
| bt crops benefit natural enemies to control non-target pests. | crops producing insecticidal crystal (cry) proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) control important lepidopteran pests. however, pests such as aphids not susceptible to cry proteins may require other integrated pest management (ipm) tactics, including biological control. we fed aphids on bt and non-bt plants and analyzed the bt protein residue in aphids and compared the effects of bt plants and a pyrethroid, lambda-cyhalothrin, on the performance of three natural enemies (predators: coleomegi ... | 2015 | 26559133 |
| tribolium castaneum defensins are primarily active against gram-positive bacteria. | the red flour beetle tribolium castaneum is a destructive insect pest of stored food and feed products, and a model organism for development, evolutionary biology and immunity. the insect innate immune system includes antimicrobial peptides (amps) with a wide spectrum of targets including viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. defensins are an evolutionarily-conserved class of amps and a potential new source of antimicrobial agents. in this context, we report the antimicrobial activity, phyloge ... | 2015 | 26522790 |
| food safety knowledge on the bt mutant protein cry8ka5 employed in the development of coleopteran-resistant transgenic cotton plants. | insecticidal cry proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) have been exploited in the development of genetically modified (gm) crops for pest control. however, several pests are still difficult to control such as the coleopteran boll weevil anthonomus grandis. by applying in vitro molecular evolution to the cry8ka1 gene sequence, variants were generated with improved activity against a. grandis. among them, cry8ka5 mutant protein showed coleoptericidal activity 3-fold higher (lc50 2.83 μg/ml) th ... | 2015 | 26513483 |
| interim analysis of the contribution of high-level evidence for dengue vector control. | this interim analysis reviews the available systematic literature for dengue vector control on three levels: 1) single and combined vector control methods, with existing work on peridomestic space spraying and on bacillus thuringiensis israelensis; further work is available soon on the use of temephos, copepods and larvivorous fish; 2) or for a specific purpose, like outbreak control, and 3) on a strategic level, as for example decentralization vs centralization, with a systematic review on vect ... | 2015 | 26506739 |
| toxicological and biochemical analyses demonstrate no toxic effect of cry1c and cry2a to folsomia candida. | collembolans are common soil arthropods that may be exposed to insecticidal proteins produced in genetically engineered (ge) plants by ingestion of crop residues or root exudates. in the present study, a dietary exposure assay was validated and used to assess the lethal and sublethal effects of two bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal proteins, cry1c and cry2a, on folsomia candida. using the insecticidal compounds potassium arsenate (pa), protease inhibitor (e-64), and galanthus nivalis aggl ... | 2015 | 26494315 |
| correction: multi-method approach for characterizing the interaction between fusarium verticillioides and bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. | 2015 | 26488478 | |
| identification of differentially expressed micrornas between bacillus thuringiensis cry1ab-resistant and -susceptible strains of ostrinia furnacalis. | the asian corn borer (acb), ostrinia furnacalis (guenée), can develop strong resistance to cry1ab, the most widely commercialized cry toxin for bt maize worldwide. it is essential to understand the mechanism of resistance for management of this species, but information on the post-transcriptional regulation of bt resistance in this target insect is limited. in the present study, rna was extracted from the acb in various larval stages (1-5 instar) from cry1ab-sensitive (acb-bts) and -resistant (a ... | 2015 | 26486179 |
| mating success, longevity, and fertility of diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte (chrysomelidae: coleoptera) in relation to body size and cry3bb1-resistant and cry3bb1-susceptible genotypes. | insect resistance to population control methodologies is a widespread problem. the development of effective resistance management programs is often dependent on detailed knowledge regarding the biology of individual species and changes in that biology associated with resistance evolution. this study examined the reproductive behavior and biology of western corn rootworm beetles of known body size from lines resistant and susceptible to the cry3bb1 protein toxin expressed in transgenic bacillus t ... | 2015 | 26569315 |
| cross-resistance between cry1 proteins in fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) may affect the durability of current pyramided bt maize hybrids in brazil. | genetically modified plants expressing insecticidal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) offer valuable options for managing insect pests with considerable environmental and economic benefits. despite the benefits provided by bt crops, the continuous expression of these insecticidal proteins imposes strong selection for resistance in target pest populations. bt maize (zea mays) hybrids have been successful in controlling fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda), the main maize pest in brazil s ... | 2015 | 26473961 |
| a novel formulation of bacillus thuringiensis for the control of brassica leaf beetle, phaedon brassicae (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | cabbage is a major vegetable crop over the world. various insect pests can affect cabbage production. excessive spray of chemical insecticides can lead to the development of insecticide resistance with various adverse effects on the environment and humans. brassica leaf beetle, phaedon brassicae baly, is a coleopteran pest. both larvae and adults cause damages to cabbage. the objective of this study was to develop an effective microbial insecticide against p. brassicae by adding an immunosuppres ... | 2015 | 26470390 |
| balancing bt toxin avoidance and nutrient intake by helicoverpa zea (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae. | to evaluate how the cry1ac bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxin and the ratio of dietary protein to carbohydrate (p:c) independently and jointly affect helicoverpa zea (boddie) larval feeding performance and behavior, we conducted no-choice and binary choice experiments using chemically defined diets. we tested two related strains of this polyphagous pest: a strain selected for resistance to cry1ac in the laboratory (ga-r), and its field-derived parent strain (ga). in no-choice tests, feeding perfo ... | 2015 | 26470372 |
| monitoring cotton bollworm resistance to cry1ac in two counties of northern china during 2009-2013. | transgenic cotton that expresses a gene derived from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) has been deployed for combating cotton bollworm in china since 1997. as a follow-up on research started in 2002, the quantitative shifts in larval cry1ac resistance of field helicoverpa armigera populations were monitored from 2009-2013 using bioassays of isofemale lines. | 2015 | 24753356 |
| [complexes of cobalt (ii, iii) with derivatives of dithiocarbamic acid--effectors of peptidases of bacillus thuringiensis and alpha-l-rhamnozidase of eupenicillium erubescens and cryptococcus albidus]. | the influence of cobalt (ii, iii) coordinative compounds with derivatives of dithiocarbamic acid on bacillus thuringiensis imv b-7324 peptidases with elastase and fibrinolytic activity and eupenicillium erubescens and cryptococcus albidus alpha-l-rhamnosidases have been studied. tested coordinative compounds of cobalt (ii, iii) on the basis of their composition and structure are presented by 6 groups: 1) tetrachlorocobaltates (ii) of 3,6-di(r,r')-iminio-1,2,4,5-tetratiane--(rr')2ditt[cocl4]; 2) ... | 2015 | 25033554 |
| construction and characterisation of near-isogenic plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) strains resistant to cry1ac toxin. | resistance to insecticidal bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins has arisen in multiple populations of the worldwide brassica pest plutella xylostella (l.). to help elucidate the mechanism of resistance to bt cry1ac toxin in a population from florida, two pairs of near-isogenic lines (nils) were developed. | 2015 | 24687616 |
| evaluation of the time-concentration-mortality responses of plutella xylostella larvae to the interaction of isaria fumosorosea with the insecticides beta-cypermethrin and bacillus thuringiensis. | entomopathogenic fungi are potential candidates for controlling plutella xylostella, a cosmopolitan pest of crucifers. in this study, bioassays were conducted to evaluate the interaction between isaria fumosorosea and sublethal doses of two insecticides, beta-cypermethrin and bacillus thuringiensis, against p. xylostella. | 2015 | 24668916 |
| transgenic cry1c or cry2a rice has no adverse impacts on the life-table parameters and population dynamics of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | transgenic rice producing the insecticidal protein from bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt) is protected from damage by lepidopteran insect pests. however, one of the main concerns about bt rice is the potential impact on non-target herbivores. in the present study, the ecological impacts of two bt rice lines, t1c-19 expressing cry1c protein and t2a-1 expressing cry2a protein, on the non-target herbivore brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), were evaluated under laboratory and fie ... | 2015 | 25067834 |
| nitric oxide participates in the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis cry1ab toxin to kill manduca sexta larvae. | nitric oxide (no) produced by the nitric oxide synthase (nos) enzyme is a reactive oxygen molecule widely considered as important participant in the immune system of different organisms to confront microbial infections. in insects the no molecule has also been implicated in immune response against microbial pathogens. bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is an insect-pathogenic bacterium that produces insecticidal proteins such as cry toxins. these proteins kill insects because they form pores in the lar ... | 2015 | 25063056 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel native bacillus thuringiensis strain brc-hzm2 capable of degrading chlorpyrifos. | studies were carried out to isolate chlorpyrifos degrading bacillus thuringiensis (bt) strains from chlorpyrifos-contaminated samples. six bt strains (isolation rate 2.7%) were isolated by modified sodium acetate antibiotic heat treatment, and one novel strain (brc-hzm2) was selected for further analysis. phenotype and phylogeny analysis of this strain was conducted on the basis of biochemical reactions, antibiotic sensitivity, 16s rrna genes, plasmid profile, insecticidal crystal protein profil ... | 2015 | 24243520 |
| pxo16 from bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis: almost 350 kb of terra incognita. | bacillus thuringiensis strains usually harbor large sets of plasmids, some of which carrying the entomopathogenic δ-endotoxins. b. thuringiensis serovar israelensis, active on dipteran larvae, carries the very large conjugative plasmid pxo16 (350 kb). pxo16 displays a macroscopic aggregation phenotype when liquid cultures of conjugative partners are mixed. its conjugative apparatus is able of transferring itself and other non-conjugative and non-mobilizable plasmids in a fast and very efficient ... | 2015 | 25770691 |
| chitosan/dsirna nanoparticle targeting identifies agcad1 cadherin in anopheles gambiae larvae as an in vivo receptor of cry11ba toxin of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. jegathesan. | the cry11ba protein of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. jegathesan crystals has uniquely high toxicity against a spectrum of mosquito species. the high potency of cry11ba against anopheles gambiae is caused by recognition of multiple midgut proteins including glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored alkaline phosphatase agalp1, aminopeptidase agapn2, α-amylase agamy1 and α-glucosidase agm3 that bind cry11ba with high affinity and function as putative receptors. the cadherin agcad2 in an. gambiae larv ... | 2015 | 25758367 |
| cadherin is involved in the action of bacillus thuringiensis toxins cry1ac and cry2aa in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal crystal (cry) proteins are effective against some insect pests in sprays and transgenic crops, although the evolution of resistance could threaten the long-term efficacy of such bt use. one strategy to delay resistance to bt crops is to "pyramid" two or more bt proteins that bind to distinct receptor proteins within the insect midgut. the most common bt pyramid in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) employs cry1ac with cry2ab to target several key lepidopteran ... | 2015 | 25754522 |
| pathway and kinetics of cyhalothrin biodegradation by bacillus thuringiensis strain zs-19. | cyhalothrin is a common environmental pollutant which poses increased risks to non-target organisms including human beings. this study reported for the first time a newly isolated strain, bacillus thuringiensis zs-19 completely degraded cyhalothrin in minimal medium within 72 h. the bacterium transformed cyhalothrin by cleavage of both the ester linkage and diaryl bond to yield six intermediate products. moreover, a novel degradation pathway of cyhalothrin in strain zs-19 was proposed on the bas ... | 2015 | 25740758 |
| new cyt-like δ-endotoxins from dickeya dadantii: structure and aphicidal activity. | in the track of new biopesticides, four genes namely cyta, cytb, cytc and cytd encoding proteins homologous to bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cyt toxins have been identified in the plant pathogenic bacteria dickeya dadantii genome. here we show that three cyt-like δ-endotoxins from d. dadantii (cyta, cytb and cytc) are toxic to the pathogen of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum in terms of both mortality and growth rate. the phylogenetic analysis of the comprehensive set of cyt toxins available in g ... | 2015 | 25740111 |
| binding analysis of bacillus thuringiensis cry1 proteins in the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera: crambidae). | sugarcane borer (diatraea saccharalis, f.) is an important corn pest in south america and united states. the aim of the present study was to analyze the susceptibility and binding interactions of three cry1a proteins and cry1fa in a brazilian d. saccharalis population. the results showed that cry1ab was the most active, followed by cry1ac, cry1fa and cry1aa. all cry1-biotinylated proteins tested bound specifically to the d. saccharalis brush border membrane vesicles (bbmv). heterologous competit ... | 2015 | 25736726 |
| effects of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis and spinosad on adult emergence of the non-biting midges polypedilum nubifer (skuse) and tanytarsus curticornis kieffer (diptera: chironomidae) in coastal wetlands. | to optimize their efficacy, some insecticides used for mosquito control are introduced into aquatic ecosystems where mosquito larvae develop (marshes, ponds, sanitation devices) and cannot escape from the treated water. however, this raises the question of possible effects of mosquito larvicides on non-target aquatic species. bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti), which is well-known for its selectivity for nematocera dipterans, is widely used for mosquito control all over the world. spi ... | 2015 | 25728359 |
| 4-hydroxyisoleucine production of recombinant corynebacterium glutamicum ssp. lactofermentum under optimal corn steep liquor limitation. | 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-hil) is a nonproteinogenic amino acid that exhibits insulinotropic biological activity. here, l-isoleucine dioxygenase gene (ido) derived from bacillus thuringiensis ybt-1520 was cloned and expressed in an l-isoleucine-producing strain, corynebacterium glutamicum ssp. lactofermentum sn01, in order to directly convert its endogenous l-isoleucine (ile) into 4-hil through single-step fermentation. the effects of corn steep liquor limitation as well as ido and truncated idoδ6 ... | 2015 | 25725632 |
| bioconversion of crude glycerol to polyhydroxyalkanoate by bacillus thuringiensis under non-limiting nitrogen conditions. | glycerol has emerged as a cheap waste material due to blooming biodiesel manufacturing units worldwide. the need is to exploit the crude glycerol (cg) to produce useful products such as polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha). bacillus thuringiensis egu45 was found to produce 1.5-3.5 gp ha l(-1) from feed containing 1-10% cg (vv(-1)) and nutrient broth (nb, 125 ml) without any acclimatization. b. thuringiensis egu45 could produce pha at the rate of 1.54-1.83 g l(-1), from 1% cg (vv(-1)) on media having high ... | 2015 | 25840150 |
| fulminant phlegmonitis of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum due to bacillus thuringiensis. | we report a case of phlegmonitis of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum in patient in an immunocompromised state. culture of gastric juice and blood yielded bacillus thuringiensis. this case showed that even low-virulence bacilli can cause lethal gastrointestinal phlegmonous gastritis in conditions of immunodeficiency. | 2015 | 25834344 |
| the impact of secondary pests on bacillus thuringiensis (bt) crops. | the intensification of agriculture and the development of synthetic insecticides enabled worldwide grain production to more than double in the last third of the 20th century. however, the heavy dependence and, in some cases, overuse of insecticides has been responsible for negative environmental and ecological impacts across the globe, such as a reduction in biodiversity, insect resistance to insecticides, negative effects on nontarget species (e.g. natural enemies) and the development of second ... | 2015 | 25832330 |
| the fate and transport of the cry1ab protein in an agricultural field and laboratory aquatic microcosms. | genetically engineered crops expressing insecticidal crystalline proteins derived from bacillus thuringiensis (bt), were commercialized almost two decades ago as a means to manage agricultural pests. the bt proteins are highly specific and only lethal upon ingestion, limiting the scope of toxicity to target insects. however, concern of exposure to non-target organisms and negative public perceptions regarding bt crops has caused controversy surrounding their use. the objective of this research w ... | 2015 | 25828252 |
| spatial soil heterogeneity has a greater effect on symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities and plant growth than genetic modification with bacillus thuringiensis toxin genes. | maize, genetically modified with the insect toxin genes of bacillus thuringiensis (bt), is widely cultivated, yet its impacts on soil organisms are poorly understood. arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) form symbiotic associations with plant roots and may be uniquely sensitive to genetic changes within a plant host. in this field study, the effects of nine different lines of bt maize and their corresponding non-bt parental isolines were evaluated on amf colonization and community diversity in pla ... | 2015 | 25827202 |
| reconstitution of a prokaryotic minus end-tracking system using tubrc centromeric complexes and tubulin-like protein tubz filaments. | segregation of dna is a fundamental process during cell division. the mechanism of prokaryotic dna segregation is largely unknown, but several low-copy-number plasmids encode cytomotive filament systems of the actin type and tubulin type important for plasmid inheritance. of these cytomotive filaments, only actin-like systems are mechanistically well characterized. in contrast, the mechanism by which filaments of tubulin-like tubz protein mediate dna motility is unknown. to understand polymer-dr ... | 2015 | 25825718 |
| are nematodes a missing link in the confounded ecology of the entomopathogen bacillus thuringiensis? | bacillus thuringiensis, which is well known as an entomopathogen, has been accepted by the public as a safe bioinsecticide. the natural ecology of this bacterium has never been particularly clear, with views ranging from it being an obligate pathogen to an opportunist pathogen that can otherwise exist as a soil saprophyte or a plant endophyte. this confusion has recently led to it being considered as an environmental pathogen that has evolved to occupy a diverse set of environmental niches in wh ... | 2015 | 25818004 |
| molecular detection and sensitivity to antibiotics and bacteriocins of pathogens isolated from bovine mastitis in family dairy herds of central mexico. | thirty-two farms (n = 535 cows) located in the state of guanajuato, mexico, were sampled. pathogens from bovine subclinical mastitis (scm) and clinical mastitis (clm) were identified by 16s rdna and the sensitivity to both antibiotics and bacteriocins of bacillus thuringiensis was tested. forty-six milk samples were selected for their positive california mastitis test (cmt) (≥3) and any abnormality in the udder or milk. the frequency of scm and clm was 39.1% and 9.3%, respectively. averages for ... | 2015 | 25815326 |
| autochthonous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bacillus thuringiensis from a degraded mediterranean area can be used to improve physiological traits and performance of a plant of agronomic interest under drought conditions. | studies have shown that some microorganisms autochthonous from stressful environments are beneficial when used with autochthonous plants, but these microorganisms rarely have been tested with allochthonous plants of agronomic interest. this study investigates the effectiveness of drought-adapted autochthonous microorganisms [bacillus thuringiensis (bt) and a consortium of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi] from a degraded mediterranean area to improve plant growth and physiology in zea mays unde ... | 2015 | 25813343 |
| crystal structure of cry51aa1: a potential novel insecticidal aerolysin-type β-pore-forming toxin from bacillus thuringiensis. | the structures of several bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal crystal proteins have been determined by crystallographic methods and a close relationship has been explicated between specific toxicities and conserved three-dimensional architectures. in this study, as a representative of the coleopteran- and hemipteran-specific cry51a group, the complete structure of cry51aa1 protoxin has been determined by x-ray crystallography at 1.65 å resolution. this is the first report of a coleopteran-a ... | 2015 | 25957471 |
| a seed mixture increases dominance of resistance to bt cotton in helicoverpa zea. | widely grown transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) can benefit agriculture, but adaptation by pests threatens their continued success. refuges of host plants that do not make bt toxins can promote survival of susceptible insects and delay evolution of resistance, particularly if resistance is inherited as a recessive trait. however, data have been lacking to compare the dominance of resistance when bt and non-bt seeds are planted in random mixtures ver ... | 2015 | 25950459 |
| comparative proteomics of bt-transgenic and non-transgenic cotton leaves. | as the rapid growth of the commercialized acreage in genetically modified (gm) crops, the unintended effects of gm crops' biosafety assessment have been given much attention. to investigate whether transgenic events cause unintended effects, comparative proteomics of cotton leaves between the commercial transgenic bt + cpti cotton sgk321 (bt) clone and its non-transgenic parental counterpart sy321 wild type (wt) was performed. | 2015 | 25949214 |
| lead-resistant strain kqbt-3 inoculants of tricholoma lobayensis heim that enhance remediation of lead-contaminated soil. | to enhance lead-detoxifying efficiency of tricholoma lobayensis heim, one lead-resistant strain kqbt-3 (bacillus thuringiensis) was applied owing to its excellent ability to tolerate pb. kqbt-3 domesticated in liquid medium with increasing lead concentrations could tolerate pb(no3)2 up to a concentration of 800 mg l(-1). pot experiments showed that the kqbt-3 not only could promote the growth of t. lobayensis, but also could enhance its pb accumulation ability under heavy metal stress. biomass a ... | 2015 | 25939805 |
| evaluation of larvicidal activity and effects on post embrionary development of laboratory reared lucilia cuprina (wiedemann, 1830) (diptera: calliphoridae), treated with brevibacillus laterosporus. | the blowfly lucilia cuprina is an economically important livestock pest that is also associated with human myiasis. to date, methods including the application of chemical pesticides, plant extracts, insect growth regulators and a range of bacillus thuringiensis strains have been used, with varying degrees of success, to control this pest. the present study evaluated the larvicidal activity and the induction of sub lethal effects upon post embrionary development following ingestion of 12 strains ... | 2015 | 25937186 |
| expression and characterization of a lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase from bacillus thuringiensis. | lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (lpmos) are recently discovered oxidative enzymes that are capable of oxidative cleavage of recalcitrant polysaccharides such as chitin or cellulose. despite the importance of lpmos in biomass conversion and the large number of lpmo genes in microorganisms, only a few lpmos have been well studied, and further characterization of these proteins is thus of interest. in this study, a chitin-active aa10 family lpmo from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, btlp ... | 2015 | 25936286 |
| effects of the p20 protein from bacillus thuringiensis israelensis on insecticidal crystal protein cry4ba. | the accessory protein p20 from bacillus thuringiensis israelensis has been defined as an important molecular chaperone for forming crystal cyt1aa, and enhancing cry11aa and cry4aa expression. to investigate its putative role in cry4ba delta-endotoxin production and toxicity, a p20 gene was cloned and introduced into b. thuringiensis recombinant strain expressing cry4ba type gene (cry4blb). the delta-endotoxin synthesis was enhanced by 262%. the generated inclusions were assayed against third ins ... | 2015 | 25931398 |
| cell differentiation in a bacillus thuringiensis population during planktonic growth, biofilm formation, and host infection. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is armed to complete a full cycle in its insect host. during infection, virulence factors are expressed under the control of the quorum sensor plcr to kill the host. after the host's death, the quorum sensor nprr controls a necrotrophic lifestyle, allowing the vegetative cells to use the insect cadaver as a bioincubator and to survive. only a part of the bt population sporulates in the insect cadaver, and the precise composition of the whole population and its evoluti ... | 2015 | 25922389 |
| a deletion mutant ndv200 of the bacillus thuringiensis vip3br insecticidal toxin gene is a prospective candidate for the next generation of genetically modified crop plants resistant to lepidopteran insect damage. | ectopic expression of a deletion mutant ( ndv200 ) of bacillus thuringiensis vip3br gene in tobacco plant provided almost complete protection against major crop pests cotton boll worm ( helicoverpa armigera ), black cut worm ( agrotis ipsilon ) and cotton leaf worm ( spodoptera littoralis ). whereas vip3br transgenic tobacco plant failed to protect themselves from these insects and showed resistance towards cotton leaf worm only. an analogous form of the bacillus thuringiensis vip3aa insecticida ... | 2015 | 25912191 |
| use of bacillus thuringiensis supernatant from a fermentation process to improve bioremediation of chlorpyrifos in contaminated soils. | the aim of this research was to investigate the potential of a nutrient-rich organic waste, namely the cell-free supernatant of bacillus thuringiensis (bts) gathered from fermentation, as a biostimulating agent to improve and sustain microbial populations and their enzymatic activities, thereby assisting in the bioremediation of chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil at a high dose (70 mg kg(-1)). experiments were performed for up to 80 d. chlorpyrifos degradation and its major metabolic product, 3,5,6- ... | 2015 | 25910975 |
| bacterial cooperation causes systematic errors in pathogen risk assessment due to the failure of the independent action hypothesis. | the independent action hypothesis (iah) states that pathogenic individuals (cells, spores, virus particles etc.) behave independently of each other, so that each has an independent probability of causing systemic infection or death. the iah is not just of basic scientific interest; it forms the basis of our current estimates of infectious disease risk in humans. despite the important role of the iah in managing disease interventions for food and water-borne pathogens, experimental support for th ... | 2015 | 25909384 |
| intraperitoneal immunization with cry1ac protoxin from bacillus thuringiensis provokes upregulation of fc-gamma-ii/and fc-gamma-iii receptors associated with igg in the intestinal epithelium of mice. | in humans, intestinal epithelial fcrn is expressed throughout life and mediates the bidirectional transport of igg, but in mice, it is markedly expressed in neonatal intestine. in adults, its expression is only faintly upregulated after intestinal igg induction such as that elicited by i.p. immunization with cry1ac protoxin (pcry1ac) bacillus thuringiensis. this led us to suggest that additional fcγ receptors (fcγ-r) may be participating in epithelial igg uptake. so, first we determined whether ... | 2015 | 25904149 |
| chemical composition of rosmarinus and lavandula essential oils and their insecticidal effects on orgyia trigotephras (lepidoptera, lymantriidae). | to evaluate toxic activities of essential oils obtained from rosmarinus officinalis and lavandula stoechas against the fourth larval instars of orgyia trigotephras. | 2015 | 25902022 |
| [bt transgenic crops for insect-resistance and modification of bt protein and utilization of stacking strategy]. | insecticidal protein genes from bacillus thuringiensis are currently the most widely used insect-resistant genes. they have been transferred to many crops for breeding and production. among them, cotton, maize, potato and other insect-resistant crops are commercialized, creating considerable economic benefit. in this review, we summarized advances in identifying functional genes and transgenic crops for insect resistance, compared different strategies for enhancing vigor of insecticidal protein ... | 2015 | 26021079 |
| food safety assessment of cry8ka5 mutant protein using cry1ac as a control bt protein. | cry8ka5 is a mutant protein from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) that has been proposed for developing transgenic plants due to promising activity against coleopterans, like anthonomus grandis (the major pest of brazilian cotton culture). thus, an early food safety assessment of cry8ka5 protein could provide valuable information to support its use as a harmless biotechnological tool. this study aimed to evaluate the food safety of cry8ka5 protein following the two-tiered approach, based on weights o ... | 2015 | 25890087 |
| two specific membrane-bound aminopeptidase n isoforms from aedes aegypti larvae serve as functional receptors for the bacillus thuringiensis cry4ba toxin implicating counterpart specificity. | the interaction between bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins and their receptors on midgut cells of susceptible insect larvae is the critical determinant in toxin specificity. besides gpi-linked alkaline phosphatase in aedes aegypti mosquito-larval midguts, membrane-bound aminopeptidase n (aaeapn) is widely thought to serve as a cry4ba receptor. here, two full-length aaeapn isoforms, aaeapn2778 and aaeapn2783, predicted to be gpi-linked were cloned and successfully expressed in spodoptera frugiperd ... | 2015 | 25871797 |
| reactance and resistance: main properties to follow the cell differentiation process in bacillus thuringiensis by dielectric spectroscopy in real time. | during growth, bacillus thuringiensis presents three phases: exponential phase (ep), transition state (ts), and sporulation phase (sp). in order to form a dormant spore and to synthesize delta-endotoxins during sp, bacteria must undergo a cellular differentiation process initiated during the ts. dielectric spectroscopy is a technique that can be utilized for continuous and in situ monitoring of the cellular state. in order to study on-line cell behavior in b. thuringiensis cultures, we conducted ... | 2015 | 25862207 |
| a temperature shock can lead to trans-generational immune priming in the red flour beetle, tribolium castaneum. | trans-generational immune priming (tgip) describes the transfer of immune stimulation to the next generation. as stress and immunity are closely connected, we here address the question whether trans-generational effects on immunity and resistance can also be elicited by a nonpathogen stress treatment of parents. general stressors have been shown to induce immunity to pathogens within individuals. however, to our knowledge, it is as of yet unknown whether stress can also induce trans-generational ... | 2015 | 25859336 |
| complete genome sequence of bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis 4aa1, a typical strain with toxicity to coleopteran insects. | bacillus thuringiensis serovar morrisoni biovar tenebrionis has been developed as an bioinsecticide to control coleopteran insects in agriculture and forestry for a few decades. its major crystal protein cry3aa was also applied to transgenic crops. here we report the complete genome sequence of strain tenebrionis 4aa1, which has one chromosome of 5,652,292bp and six plasmids. two crystal protein genes, cry3aa and cry15aa, locate on one single plasmid named pbmb51. this strain also possesses plen ... | 2015 | 25858156 |
| overproduction of the bacillus thuringiensis vip3aa16 toxin and study of its insecticidal activity against the carob moth ectomyelois ceratoniae. | the vip3aa16 gene of bacillus thuringiensis strain bupm95 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. optimization of vip3a16 protein expression was conducted using plackett-burman design and response surface methodology. accordingly, the optimum vip3a16 toxin production was 170μg/ml at 18h post-induction time and 39°c post-induction temperature. this corresponds to an improvement of 21times compared to the starting conditions. the insecticidal activity, evaluated against ectomyelois ceratonia ... | 2015 | 25843935 |
| do sesamia nonagrioides (lepidoptera; noctuidae) gravid females discriminate between bt or multivitamin corn varieties? role of olfactory and visual cues. | the mediterranean corn borer, sesamia nonagrioides lefèbvre, is a key pest of corn and a main target of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) corn in northeast spain. trends for future biotechnology crops indicate that bt, non-bt, and stacked corn varieties with metabolic pathways for vitamin-increased traits could coexist in same region. knowledge of the oviposition response of gravid females of s. nonagrioides to these different varieties could be extremely important for managing strategies aimed for de ... | 2015 | 25843586 |
| influences of cry1ac broccoli on larval survival and oviposition of diamondback moth. | larval survival and oviposition behavior of three genotypes of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: plutellidae), (homozygous cry1ac-susceptibile, cry1ac-resistant, and their f1 hybrids), on transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) broccoli expressing different levels of cry1ac protein were evaluated in laboratory. these bt broccoli lines were designated as relative low, medium, and high, respectively, according to the cry1ac content. untransformed brocccoli plants were used as c ... | 2015 | 25843583 |
| mortality patterns of simulium vittatum larvae (diptera: simuliidae) following exposure to insecticidal proteins produced by bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis. | products containing insecticidal crystalline proteins (icps) produced by bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti icps) are used to suppress vector and nuisance populations of black flies. the efficacy of an application of these products is often determined by a posttreatment evaluation of larval mortality. larvae are typically removed from the substrate at some point in time after application of the product and mortality is determined. the time necessary for the effects of bti icps to cause ... | 2015 | 25843175 |
| complete genome sequence of bacillus thuringiensis yc-10, a novel active strain against plant-parasitic nematodes. | bacillus thuringiensis is an important microbial biopesticide for controlling agricultural pests by the production of toxic parasporal crystals proteins.here,we report the finished annotated genome sequence of b. thuringiensis yc-10,which is highly toxic to nematodes.the complete genome sequence consists of a circular chromosome and nine circular plasmids,which the biggest plasmid harbors six parasporal crystals proteins genes consisting of cry1aa, cry1ac, cry1ia, cry2aa, cry2ab and cryb1. the c ... | 2015 | 26100235 |
| linkage of an abcc transporter to a single qtl that controls ostrinia nubilalis larval resistance to the bacillus thuringiensis cry1fa toxin. | field evolved resistance of insect populations to bacillus thuringiensis (bt) crystalline (cry) toxins expressed by crop plants has resulted in reduced control of insect feeding damage to field crops, and threatens the sustainability of bt transgenic technologies. a single quantitative trait locus (qtl) that determines resistance in ostrinia nubilalis larvae capable of surviving on reproductive stage transgenic corn that express the bt cry1fa toxin was previously mapped to linkage group 12 (lg12 ... | 2015 | 26093031 |
| fluorinated aromatic amino acids distinguish cation-π interactions from membrane insertion. | cation-π interactions, where protein aromatic residues supply π systems while a positive-charged portion of phospholipid head groups are the cations, have been suggested as important binding modes for peripheral membrane proteins. however, aromatic amino acids can also insert into membranes and hydrophobically interact with lipid tails. heretofore there has been no facile way to differentiate these two types of interactions. we show that specific incorporation of fluorinated amino acids into pro ... | 2015 | 26092728 |
| the effect of aeration conditions, characterized by the volumetric mass transfer coefficient k(l)a, on the fermentation kinetics of bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki. | the aeration is a key factor for bacillus thuringiensis growth, sporulation and δ-endotoxins production. the objective of our work was to study the effect of aeration on the fermentation kinetics of bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (btk), cultivated in a cereal milling byproduct (cmb) mono-component medium, in order to improve the δ-endotoxins productivity. aeration conditions were systematically characterized by the volumetric mass transfer coefficient kla. in the 6% cmb culture medium, differen ... | 2015 | 26091772 |
| toxicological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses demonstrating that cry1c and cry2a are not toxic to larvae of the honeybee, apis mellifera. | the honey bee, apis mellifera, is commonly used as a test species for the regulatory risk assessment of insect-resistant genetically engineered (irge) plants. in the current study, a dietary exposure assay was developed, validated, and used to assess the potential toxicity of cry1c and cry2a proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) to a. mellifera larvae; cry1c and cry2a are produced by different irge crops. the assay, which uses the soybean trypsin inhibitor (sbti) as a positive control and bo ... | 2015 | 26084400 |
| risk assessment of genetically engineered maize resistant to diabrotica spp.: influence on above-ground arthropods in the czech republic. | transgenic maize mon88017, expressing the cry3bb1 toxin from bacillus thuringiensis (bt maize), confers resistance to corn rootworms (diabrotica spp.) and provides tolerance to the herbicide glyphosate. however, prior to commercialization, substantial assessment of potential effects on non-target organisms within agroecosystems is required. the mon88017 event was therefore evaluated under field conditions in southern bohemia in 2009-2011, to detect possible impacts on the above-ground arthropod ... | 2015 | 26083254 |
| [screening and identification of indoleacetic acid producing endophytic bacterium in panax ginseng]. | endophytic bacteria which was producing indoleacetic acid was screened from panax ginseng by using the salkowski method. the active strain was also tested for its ability of nitrogen fixation by using the ashby agar plates, the pkv plates and quantitative analysis of mo-sb-ascrobiology acid colorimetry was used to measure its ability of phosphate solubilization, for its ability of potassium solubilization the silicate medium and flame spectrophotometry was used, for its ability of producing side ... | 2015 | 26080547 |
| evidence of two mechanisms involved in bacillus thuringiensis israelensis decreased toxicity against mosquito larvae: genome dynamic and toxins stability. | biopesticides based on bacillus thuringiensis israelensis are the most used and most successful around the world. this bacterium is characterized by a dynamic genome able to win or lose genetic materials which leads to a decrease in its effectiveness. the detection of such phenomena is of great importance to monitor the stability of b. thuringiensis strains in industrial production processes of biopesticides. new local b. thuringiensis israelensis isolates were investigated. they present variabl ... | 2015 | 26070692 |
| cry proteins from bacillus thuringiensis active against diamondback moth and fall armyworm. | biopesticides based on bacillus thuringiensis and genetically modified plants with genes from this bacterium have been used to control plutella xylostella (l.) and spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith). however, the selection pressure imposed by these technologies may undermine the efficiency of this important alternative to synthetic insecticides. toxins with different modes of action allow a satisfactory control of these insects. the purpose of this study was to characterize the protein and gene ... | 2015 | 26070631 |
| generation of a transcriptome in a model lepidopteran pest, heliothis virescens, using multiple sequencing strategies for profiling midgut gene expression. | heliothine pests such as the tobacco budworm, heliothis virescens (f.), pose a significant threat to production of a variety of crops and ornamental plants and are models for developmental and physiological studies. the efforts to develop new control measures for h. virescens, as well as its use as a relevant biological model, are hampered by a lack of molecular resources. the present work demonstrates the utility of next-generation sequencing technologies for rapid molecular resource generation ... | 2015 | 26047101 |
| control methods against invasive aedes mosquitoes in europe: a review. | five species of invasive aedes mosquitoes have recently become established in europe: ae. albopictus, ae. aegypti, ae. japonicus japonicus, ae. koreicus and ae. atropalpus. these mosquitoes are a serious nuisance for people and are also competent vectors for several exotic pathogens such as dengue and chikungunya viruses. as they are a growing public health concern, methods to control these mosquitoes need to be implemented to reduce their biting and their potential for disease transmission. the ... | 2015 | 26037532 |
| relevance of bt toxin interaction studies for environmental risk assessment of genetically modified crops. | in recent years, different bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxin-encoding genes have been combined or 'stacked' in genetically modified (gm) crops. synergism between bt proteins may occur and thereby increase the impact of the stacked gm event on nontarget invertebrates compared to plants expressing a single bt gene. on the basis of bioassay data available for bt toxins alone or in combination, we argue that the current knowledge of bt protein interactions is of limited relevance in environmental ri ... | 2015 | 26032006 |
| cry protein crystals: a novel platform for protein delivery. | protein delivery platforms are important tools in the development of novel protein therapeutics and biotechnologies. we have developed a new class of protein delivery agent based on sub-micrometer-sized cry3aa protein crystals that naturally form within the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis. we demonstrate that fusion of the cry3aa gene to that of various reporter proteins allows for the facile production of cry3aa fusion protein crystals for use in subsequent applications. these cry3aa fusion pr ... | 2015 | 26030844 |
| the mechanism of uranium transformation from u(vi) into nano-uramphite by two indigenous bacillus thuringiensis strains. | the mechanism of uranium transformation from u(vi) into nano-uramphite by two indigenous bacillus thuringiensis strains was investigated in the present work. our data showed that the bacteria isolated from uranium mine possessed highly accumulation ability to u(vi), and the maximum accumulation capacity was around 400 mg u/g biomass (dry weight). x-ray powder diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem), transmission electron microscopy (tem) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ... | 2015 | 26026850 |
| the pqqd homologous domain of the radical sam enzyme thnb is required for thioether bond formation during thurincin h maturation. | thurincin h is a 31-residue, ribosomally synthesized bacteriocin originating from the thn operon of bacillus thuringiensis sf361. it is the only known sactipeptide carrying four thioether bridges between four cysteines and the α-carbons of a serine, an asparagine and two threonine residues. by analysis of the thn operon and use of in vitro studies we now reveal that thnb is a radical s-adenosylmethionine (sam) enzyme containing two [4fe-4s] clusters. furthermore, we confirm the involvement of th ... | 2015 | 26026269 |
| resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry2ab in trichoplusia ni is conferred by a novel genetic mechanism. | the resistance to the bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxin cry2ab in a greenhouse-originated trichoplusia ni strain resistant to both bt toxins cry1ac and cry2ab was characterized. biological assays determined that the cry2ab resistance in the t. ni strain was a monogenic recessive trait independent of cry1ac resistance, and there existed no significant cross-resistance between cry1ac and cry2ab in t. ni. from the dual-toxin-resistant t. ni strain, a strain resistant to cry2ab only was isolated, an ... | 2015 | 26025894 |
| two-component system yvqec-dependent bacterial resistance against vancomycin in bacillus thuringiensis. | yvqec is one of the two-component signal transduction systems that may respond to cell envelope stress and enable cells to adjust multiple cellular functions. it consists of a histidine kinase yvqe and a response regulator yvqc. in this study, we separately constructed a single gene mutant δyvqe and a double gene mutant δyvqec in bacillus thuringiensis bmb171 through a homing endonucleases i-scei mediated markerless gene deletion method. we found that the deletion of either yvqe or yvqec weakene ... | 2015 | 26025304 |
| rap-pcr fingerprinting reveals time-dependent expression of development-related genes following differentiation process of bacillus thuringiensis. | gene expression profiles are important data to reveal the functions of genes putatively involved in crucial biological processes. rna arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (rap-pcr) and specifically primed reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) were combined to screen differentially expressed genes following development of a commercial bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain 8010 (serotype 3a3b). six differentially expressed transcripts (rap1 to rap6) were obtained ... | 2015 | 26191639 |
| operational evaluation of vectomax® wsp (bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis+bacillus sphaericus) against larval culex pipiens in septic tanks (1). | the residual effectiveness of vectomax® wsp (a water-soluble pouch formulation containing a combination of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strain am65-52 and b. sphaericus strain abts 1743) when applied to septic tanks against 3rd- and 4th-stage larvae of culex pipiens l. was evaluated in this study. this formulation was evaluated at operational application rates of 1 pouch (10 g) and 2 pouches (20 g) per septic tank. both application rates resulted in >96% control of larvae for 24 day ... | 2015 | 26181699 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of gloverin from the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. and its interaction with bacterial membrane. | gloverin restricted to lepidoptera is known to be a glycine-rich and heat stable antimicrobial protein. the current research reports a 650 bp full-length cdna encoding gloverin from plutella xylostella (pxglo) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and rapid amplification of cdna ends. pxglo transcript was detected in both developmental stages and several tissues of 4th instar naïve larvae of p. xylostella with higher levels in the fat bodies. the mrna levels of pxglo increased appre ... | 2015 | 26178746 |
| complete genome sequence of bacillus thuringiensis serovar tolworthi strain pasteur institute standard. | the genome sequence of bacillus thuringiensis serovar tolworthi strain pasteur institute standard was determined. the genome consists of a 5.9-mb chromosome and eight plasmids, one of which is linear. the second largest plasmid (293 kb) carries the genes encoding insecticidal proteins. | 2015 | 26139717 |
| assembling of holotrichia parallela (dark black chafer) midgut tissue transcriptome and identification of midgut proteins that bind to cry8ea toxin from bacillus thuringiensis. | holotrichia parallela is one of the most severe crop pests in china, affecting peanut, soybean, and sweet potato crops. previous work showed that cry8ea toxin is highly effective against this insect. in order to identify cry8ea-binding proteins in the midgut cells of h. parallela larvae, we assembled a midgut tissue transcriptome by high-throughput sequencing and used this assembled transcriptome to identify cry8ea-binding proteins by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). fi ... | 2015 | 26135984 |
| novel toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis strains against the melon fruit fly, bactrocera cucurbitae (diptera: tephritidae). | bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fruit fly) is one of the most detrimental vegetable-damaging pests in bangladesh. the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) has been reported against a few genera of bactrocera in addition to numerous other insect species. bt strains, harbouring cry1a-type genes were, therefore, assayed in vivo against the 3(rd) instar larvae of b. cucurbitae in this study. the biotype-based prevalence of cry1 and cry1a genes was calculated to be 30.8% and 11.16%, respectively, of ... | 2015 | 26133509 |
| making pathogens sociable: the [corrected] emergence of high relatedness through limited host invasibility. | cooperation depends upon high relatedness, the high genetic similarity of interacting partners relative to the wider population. for pathogenic bacteria, which show diverse cooperative traits, the population processes that determine relatedness are poorly understood. here, we explore whether within-host dynamics can produce high relatedness in the insect pathogen bacillus thuringiensis. we study the effects of host/pathogen interactions on relatedness via a model of host invasion and fit paramet ... | 2015 | 26125685 |
| toxicity of chlortetracycline and its metal complexes to model microorganisms in wastewater sludge. | complexation of antibiotics with metals is a well-known phenomenon. wastewater treatment plants contain metals and antibiotics, thus it is essential to know the effect of these complexes on toxicity towards microorganisms, typically present in secondary treatment processes. in this study, stability constants and toxicity of chlortetracycline (ctc) and metal (ca, mg, cu and cr) complexes were investigated. the calculated stability constants of ctc-metal complexes followed the order: mg-ctc>ca-ctc ... | 2015 | 26119381 |
| combined remediation of cd-phenanthrene co-contaminated soil by pleurotus cornucopiae and bacillus thuringiensis fq1 and the antioxidant responses in pleurotus cornucopiae. | remediation of soil co-contaminated with heavy metals and pahs by mushroom and bacteria is a novel technique. in this study, the combined remediation effect of mushroom (pleurotus cornucopiae) and bacteria (fq1, bacillus thuringiensis) on cd and phenanthrene co-contaminated soil was investigated. the effect of bacteria (b. thuringiensis) on mushroom growth, cd accumulation, phenanthrene degradation by p. cornucopiae and antioxidative responses of p. cornucopiae were studied. p. cornucopiae could ... | 2015 | 26117363 |
| multilevel assessment of cry1ab bt-maize straw return affecting the earthworm eisenia fetida. | non-target effects of two varieties of bacillus thuringiensis (bt)-maize straw (5422bt1 [event bt11] and 5422cbcl [mon810]) return on the eisenia fetida were investigated by using multilevel assessments, compared to near-isogenic non-bt-maize (5422). 5422bt1 straw return had no deleterious effects on adult earthworms and had significantly positive effects on juveniles over three generations. negative, no, and positive effects on adults treated with 5422cbcl straw were observed in the 1st, 2nd an ... | 2015 | 26011413 |
| acaricidal effect and histological damage induced by bacillus thuringiensis protein extracts on the mite psoroptes cuniculi. | the mite psoroptes cuniculi is a common worldwide ectoparasite and the most frequently found in rabbit farms. it causes significant economic losses on commercial rabbit breeding associated with poor leather quality, reduced conception rates, weight loss, poor growth and death. several strategies have been proposed for the treatment of mange caused by this mite, ranging from the use of acaricides, entomopathogenic fungi, essential oils and vaccines. however, therapy and control of both human scab ... | 2015 | 26003809 |
| dissimilar regulation of antimicrobial proteins in the midgut of spodoptera exigua larvae challenged with bacillus thuringiensis toxins or baculovirus. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) and lysozymes are the main effectors of the insect immune system, and they are involved in both local and systemic responses. among local responses, midgut immune reaction plays an important role in fighting pathogens that reach the insect body through the oral route, as do many microorganisms used in pest control. under this point of view, understanding how insects defend themselves locally during the first phases of infections caused by food-borne pathogens is imp ... | 2015 | 25993013 |
| rna interference: applications and advances in insect toxicology and insect pest management. | since its discovery, rna interference (rnai) has revolutionized functional genomic studies due to its sequence-specific nature of post-transcriptional gene silencing. in this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent literature and summarize the current knowledge and advances in the applications of rnai technologies in the field of insect toxicology and insect pest management. many recent studies have focused on identification and validation of the genes encoding insecticide target ... | 2015 | 25987228 |
| gm trees with increased resistance to herbivores: trait efficiency and their potential to promote tree growth. | climate change, as well as a more intensive forestry, is expected to increase the risk of damage by pests and pathogens on trees, which can already be a severe problem in tree plantations. recent development of biotechnology theoretically allows for resistance enhancement that could help reduce these risks but we still lack a comprehensive understanding of benefits and tradeoffs with pest resistant gm (genetically modified) trees. we synthesized the current knowledge on the effectiveness of gm f ... | 2015 | 25983736 |
| homologs to cry toxin receptor genes in a de novo transcriptome and their altered expression in resistant spodoptera litura larvae. | insect resistance threatens sustainability of insecticides based on cry proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt). since high levels of resistance to cry proteins involve alterations in cry-binding midgut receptors, their identification is needed to develop resistance management strategies. through illumina sequencing we generated a transcriptome containing 16,161 annotated unigenes for the oriental leafworm (spodoptera litura). transcriptome mining identified 6 contigs with identi ... | 2015 | 25981133 |
| genome sequence of bacillus thuringiensis strain btm27, an egyptian isolate highly toxic to cotton leafworm. | bacillus thuringiensis is a potent microbial control agent against insect pests. here, we present the draft genome of the egyptian strain btm27 that shows high toxicity toward the cotton leafworm. the genome contains three insecticidal genes cry1ac9, cry2ab1, and vip3v that have been implicated in conferring toxicity toward lepidoptera. | 2015 | 25977430 |
| the food and environmental safety of bt crops. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) microbial pesticides have a 50-year history of safety in agriculture. cry proteins are among the active insecticidal ingredients in these pesticides, and genes coding for cry proteins have been introduced into agricultural crops using modern biotechnology. the cry gene sequences are often modified to enable effective expression in planta and several cry proteins have been modified to increase biological activity against the target pest(s). additionally, the domains of ... | 2015 | 25972882 |
| fate of the insecticidal cry1ab protein of gm crops in two agricultural soils as revealed by ¹⁴c-tracer studies. | insecticidal delta-endotoxins of bacillus thuringiensis are among the most abundant recombinant proteins released by genetically modified (gm) crops into agricultural soils worldwide. however, there is still controversy about their degradation and accumulation in soils. in this study, (14)c-labelled cry1ab protein was applied to soil microcosms at two concentrations (14 and 50 μg g(-1) soil) to quantify the mineralization of cry1ab, its incorporation into the soil microbial biomass, and its pers ... | 2015 | 25967657 |
| susceptibility profile of aedes aegypti from santiago island, cabo verde, to insecticides. | in 2009, cabo verde diagnosed the first dengue cases, with 21,137 cases reported and aedes aegypti was identified as the vector. since the outbreak, chemical insecticides and source reduction were used to control the mosquito population. this study aimed to assess the susceptibility of a. aegypti populations from santiago, cabo verde to insecticides and identify the mechanisms of resistance. samples of a. aegypti eggs were obtained at two different time periods (2012 and 2014), using ovitraps in ... | 2015 | 26307496 |
| development of photoperiod- and thermo-sensitive male sterility rice expressing transgene bacillus thuringiensis. | stem borers and leaffolders are the main pests that cause severe damage in rice (oryza sativa l.) production worldwide. we developed the first photoperiod- and thermo-sensitive male sterility (ptsms) rice 208s with the cry1ab/1ac bacillus thuringiensis (bt) gene, through sexual crossing with huahui 1 (elite line with the cry1ab/1ac gene). the novel 208s and its hybrids presented high and stable resistance to stem borers and leaffolders, and the content of cry1ab/1ac protein in chlorophyllous tis ... | 2015 | 26366116 |