Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| the kinetics of mucosal herpes simplex virus-2 infection in humans: evidence for rapid viral-host interactions. | (see the editorial commentary by quinn, on pages 495-8.) background. herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) reactivations in the genital tract are responsible for mucocutaneous lesions and transmission and manifest as discrete shedding episodes. methods. we analyzed duration, peak copy number, and expansion and decay rates of 1020 shedding episodes in 531 immunocompetent hsv-2-seropositive persons from whom daily swabs of genital secretions were collected. results. viral quantity varied by as much ... | 2011 | 21791657 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 ul14 tegument protein regulates intracellular compartmentalization of major tegument protein vp16. | abstract: background: herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has a complicated life-cycle, and its genome encodes many components that can modify the cellular environment to facilitate efficient viral replication. the protein ul14 is likely involved in viral maturation and egress (cunningham c. et al), and it facilitates the nuclear translocation of viral capsids and the tegument protein vp16 during the immediate-early phase of infection (yamauchi y. et al, 2008). ul14 of herpes simplex virus type ... | 2011 | 21791071 |
| antiherpetic activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from agaricus brasiliensis mycelia. | sulfated polysaccharides are good candidates for drug discovery in the treatment of herpetic infections. agaricus brasiliensis (syn a. subrufescens, a. blazei) is a basidiomycete fungus native to the atlantic forest region of southeastern brazil. herein we report the chemical modification of a polysaccharide extracted from a. brasiliensis mycelia to obtain its sulfated derivative (mi-s), which presented a promising inhibitory activity against hsv-1 [kos and 29r (acyclovir-resistant) strains] and ... | 2011 | 21787804 |
| the association between infection burden in iranian patients with acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina. | aim: to evaluate the association of ischemic heart disease (ihd) with the number of pathogens (infection burden) among individuals with infection. methods: a total of 120 patients with ihd as the acute myocardial infarction (ami; n=60) or unstable angina (ua; n=60) group and 60 healthy subjects with sex- and age-matched as control group were enrolled in this study. serum samples of all participants were tested for the presence of antibodies to helicobacter pylori (h. pylori), cytomegalovirus (cm ... | 2011 | 21785173 |
| benzylidene-bis-(4-hydroxycoumarin) and benzopyrano-coumarin derivatives: synthesis, 1h/13c-nmr conformational and x-ray crystal structure studies and in vitro antiviral activity evaluations. | we report on the synthesis of 4-hydroxycoumarin dimers 1-15 bearing an aryl substituent on the central linker and fused benzopyranocoumarin derivatives 16-20 and on their in vitro broad anti-dna and rna virus activity evaluations. the chemical identities and structure of compounds 1-20 were deduced from their homo- and heteronuclear nmr measurements whereas the conformational properties of 5, 14 and 20 were assessed by the use of 1d difference noe enhancements. unequivocal proof of the stereostr ... | 2011 | 21772234 |
| a heat shock protein based polyvalent vaccine targeting hsv-2: cd4(+) and cd8(+) cellular immunity and protective efficacy. | efforts to develop a subunit vaccine against genital herpes have been hampered by lack of knowledge of the protective antigens of hsv-2, the causative agent of the disease. vaccines based either on selected antigens or attenuated live virus approaches have not demonstrated meaningful clinical activity. we present here results of a therapeutic vaccine candidate, herpv (formerly called ag-707), consisting of 32 hsv-2 peptides derived from 22 hsv-2 proteins, complexed non-covalently to the hsp70 ch ... | 2011 | 21767588 |
| [antiviral activity of 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride-modified ovalbumin against herpes simplex virus 2 in vitro]. | to investigate the antiviral activity of 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride-modified ovalbumin (hp-ova) against herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) in vitro. | 2011 | 21764688 |
| antiherpes activity of glucoevatromonoside, a cardenolide isolated from a brazilian cultivar of digitalis lanata. | cardiac glycosides, known ligands of the sodium pump, are widely used in the treatment of heart failure, such as digoxin and digitoxin. besides this important activity, other biological activities, such as the antiviral activity, have been described for this group. hsv are responsible for many infections of oral, ocular and genital regions. treatment with nucleoside analogs such as acyclovir is effective in most cases; however drug-resistance may arise due to prolonged treatment mainly in immuno ... | 2011 | 21763352 |
| pathologic and virologic characterization of neuroinvasion by hsv-2 in a mouse encephalitis model. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), a ubiquitous human pathogenassociated with genital infections, is neurotropic. it establishes latent infections in local dorsal root ganglia from which it reactivates causing recurrent lesions and frequent episodes of viral shedding. herpes simplex virus type 2 can also be transmitted from mother to child during birth, causing major neonatal complications including encephalitis. animal models of hsv-2 genital infection are well described and used for testing ... | 2011 | 21760533 |
| cmv and hsv-2 myeloradiculitis in an hiv infected patient. | while cmv myeloradiculitis is a known complication in aids patients with severe immunosuppression, hsv-2 necrotizing myeloradiculitis is rare and often associated with disabling a fatal outcome. we hereby describe a 46 year-old hiv infected patient with profound and sustained immunosuppression who presented with an acute ascending paraparesis and urinary retention. lumbar spine mri showed contrast enhancement at the conus medullaris and cauda equine, and both cmv and hsv-2 csf pcr were positive. ... | 2011 | 21755241 |
| acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity. | series of novel acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (anps) with various nucleobases and 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl (pee) chain bearing various substituents in ß-position to the phosphonate moiety were prepared. the influence of structural alternations on antiviral activity was studied. several derivatives exhibit antiviral activity against hiv and vaccinia virus (middle micromolar range), hsv-1 and hsv-2 (lower micromolar range) and vzv and cmv (nanomolar range), although the parent unbranched pee-a ... | 2011 | 21745746 |
| human herpesvirus 8 seropositivity among sexually active adults in uganda. | sexual transmission of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) has been implicated among homosexual men, but the evidence for sexual transmission among heterosexual individuals is controversial. we investigated the role of sexual transmission of hhv8 in a nationally representative sample in uganda, where hhv8 infection is endemic and transmitted mostly during childhood. | 2011 | 21712983 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among female sex workers in shanghai, china. | a study with two cross-sectional surveys in two consecutive years was conducted in shanghai, china to examine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), syphilis and hiv among female sex workers (fsw). a total of 793 fsw participated in the survey, 382 in 2008 only, 382 in 2009 only, and 29 in both 2008 and 2009. the majority of them were less than 30 years and two-thirds were married. all were migrants and a half was from rural areas. some of them have stayed in shanghai and eng ... | 2011 | 21660749 |
| mollaret's meningitis and herpes simplex virus type 2 infections. | benign recurrent aseptic meningitis is a rare disorder described by mollaret in 1944. when initially described, this form of aseptic meningitis had no identifiable infecting agent. new sophisticated diagnostic tools have now identified herpes simplex type 2 virus as the most commonly isolated agent. antiviral treatment has been used successfully for prophylaxis and treatment. | 2011 | 21680663 |
| the risk factor profile of women with secondary infertility: an unmatched case-control study in kigali, rwanda. | secondary infertility is a common, preventable but neglected reproductive health problem in resource-poor countries. this study examines the association of past sexually transmitted infections (stis) including hiv, bacterial vaginosis (bv) and factors in the obstetric history with secondary infertility and their relative contributions to secondary infertility. | 2011 | 21702916 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 seroprevalence and incidence in acute and chronic hiv-1 infection. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) hiv co-infection is common and associated with increased risk of hiv transmission. hsv-2 seroprevalence was assessed on stored samples from baseline and one year follow-up from 81 patients identified with acute hiv infection and 81 age-matched chronically infected men. hsv-2 seroprevalence at baseline was lower for those with acute rather than chronic hiv-infection, 51.9 versus 71.6% (p = 0.01); relative risk 0.72 (95% confidence interval [ci] 0.57-0.92). sinc ... | 2011 | 21742810 |
| clinician and patient recognition of anogenital herpes disease in hiv positive men who have sex with men. | anogenital ulcers caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) are associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission. when compared with clinician examination, hiv/hsv-2 coinfected men who have sex with men are frequently unaware of anogenital ulcers. these data highlight the importance of condom use and the need for new hsv-2 prevention strategies. | 2011 | 21844739 |
| hsv-2 infection of dendritic cells amplifies a highly susceptible hiv-1 cell target. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) increases the risk of hiv-1 infection and, although several reports describe the interaction between these two viruses, the exact mechanism for this increased susceptibility remains unclear. dendritic cells (dcs) at the site of entry of hsv-2 and hiv-1 contribute to viral spread in the mucosa. specialized dcs present in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues produce retinoic acid (ra), an important immunomodulator, able to influence hiv-1 replication and a key me ... | 2011 | 21738472 |
| effect of variable transmission rate on the dynamics of hiv in sub-saharan africa. | abstract: background: the cause of the high hiv prevalence in sub-saharan africa is incompletely understood, with heterosexual penile-vaginal transmission proposed as the main mechanism. heterosexual hiv transmission has been estimated to have a very low probability; but effects of cofactors that vary in space and time may substantially alter this pattern. methods: to test the effect of individual variation in the hiv infectiousness generated by co-infection, we developed and analyzed a mathemat ... | 2011 | 21834977 |
| population-based surveillance for neonatal herpes in new york city, april 2006-september 2010. | : population-based data for neonatal herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection are needed to describe disease burden and to develop and evaluate prevention strategies. | 2011 | 21844721 |
| herpes simplex virus infection in the croatian population. | abstract background: herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections are caused by 2 types of virus, hsv-1 and hsv-2. both viruses are endemic worldwide. there are marked variations in the seroprevalences of hsv-1 and hsv-2 in europe. the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of hsv infections in croatia. methods: during a 3-y period (2008-2010), a total of 1672 patients were tested for the presence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. results: the over ... | 2011 | 21696254 |
| the ribonucleotide reductase r1 subunits of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 protect cells against poly(i {middle dot} c)-induced apoptosis. | we recently provided evidence that the ribonucleotide reductase r1 subunits of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2) protect cells against tumor necrosis factor alpha- and fas ligand-induced apoptosis by interacting with caspase 8. double-stranded rna (dsrna) is a viral intermediate known to initiate innate antiviral responses. poly(i -à c), a synthetic analogue of viral dsrna, rapidly triggers caspase 8 activation and apoptosis in hela cells. here, we report that hela cells after hs ... | 2011 | 21697465 |
| low acceptance of hsv-2 testing among high-risk women. | we evaluated the acceptability of a community-based herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) screening programme for at-risk women and assessed factors related to uptake of point of care hsv-2 testing. one hundred recently arrested women (median age 34 years) were recruited from a community court handling lower-level misdemeanour cases in indianapolis, indiana. individuals completed a survey assessing factors related to hsv-2 screening intentions and were offered point of care hsv-2 testing. rates of ... | 2011 | 21680668 |
| nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of the hsv-2 serine/threonine kinase us3. | the alphaherpesvirus serine/threonine kinase us3 plays diverse roles in virus multiplication and modifies both nuclear and cytoplasmic substrates. we recently reported that treatment of hsv-2 us3-transfected and hsv-2-infected cells with leptomycin b, an inhibitor of nuclear export mediated by interaction of chromosomal regional maintenance protein (crm1) with leucine rich nuclear export signals (ness), resulted in nuclear trapping of us3. here, we utilized fluorescence loss in photobleaching to ... | 2011 | 21741667 |
| hiv-related risk behaviors among a sample of men who have sex with men in puerto rico: an overview of substance use and sexual practices. | despite the growing impact of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic in puerto rico (pr), limited epidemiological research on men who have sex with men (msm) has been conducted. the aim of this study was to describe hiv-related risk behaviors in a sample of msm in pr. | 2011 | 21682148 |
| getting research into policy - herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) treatment and hiv infection: international guidelines formulation and the case of ghana. | observational epidemiological and biological data indicate clear synergies between herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and hiv, whereby hsv-2 enhances the potential for hiv acquisition or transmission. in 2001, the world health organization (who) launched a call for research into the possibilities of disrupting this cofactor effect through the use of antiherpetic therapy. a who expert meeting was convened in 2008 to review the research results. the results of the trials were mostly inconclusive ... | 2011 | 21679386 |
| seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus 2 among hispanics in the usa: national health and nutrition examination survey, 2007-2008. | to examine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) among hispanics in the usa, we used the cross-sectional, nationally representative national health and nutrition examination survey to compare the seroprevalence of hsv-2 between hispanic persons of mexican heritage and non-mexican heritage aged 14-44 years, from survey years 2007-2008. the overall hsv-2 seroprevalence among hispanics aged 14-44 years was 17.5% (95% confidence interval [ci], 15.2, 20.1) in the usa. hsv-2 seropr ... | 2011 | 21729957 |
| investing in the future: lessons learnt from communicating the results of hsv/ hiv intervention trials in south africa. | communicating the results of randomised controlled trials may present challenges for researchers who have to work with communities and policy-makers to anticipate positive outcomes, while being aware that results may show no effect or harm. | 2011 | 21679389 |
| identity of zinc finger nucleases with specificity to herpes simplex virus type ii genomic dna: novel hsv-2 vaccine/therapy precursors. | herpes simplex type ii (hsv-2) is a member of the family herpesviridae. human infection with this double stranded linear dna virus causes genital ulcerative disease and existing treatment options only serve to resolve the symptomatology (ulcers) associated with active hsv-2 infection but do not eliminate latent virus. as a result, infection with hsv-2 follows a life-long relapsing (active versus latent) course. on the basis of a primitive bacterium anti-phage dna defense, the restriction modific ... | 2011 | 21702927 |
| human immunodeficiency virus, sexually transmitted infections, and risk behaviors among clients of sex workers in guatemala: are they a bridge in human immunodeficiency virus transmission? | objectives:: clients of female sex workers (fsws) are an important target group for human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted infection (hiv/sti) prevention. this study aimed to estimate their hiv and other sti prevalence, examine their risk behaviors, and evaluate their role as a bridge population in the spread of hiv/stis. methods:: a cross-sectional study was performed among 553 clients recruited in commercial sex sites in the province of escuintla, guatemala. they were interviewed an ... | 2011 | 21844725 |
| psychosocial impact of a positive hsv-2 diagnosis on adults with unrecognized hsv-2 infection. | to evaluate the current research on the psychosocial impact of a positive herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) diagnosis on asymptomatic adults. | 2011 | 21736611 |
| health care seeking among men with genital ulcer disease in south africa: correlates and relationship to human immunodeficiency virus-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 detection and shedding. | episodic acyclovir therapy has been added to genital ulcer disease (gud) syndromic management guidelines in several sub-saharan african countries with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemics. we examined the correlates of health care seeking in men with gud and its relationship to hiv-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 outcomes. | 2011 | 21844743 |
| Seroepidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in pregnant women in Switzerland: an obstetric clinic based study. | OBJECTIVE: To assess the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) IgG antibodies and the seroincidence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections in pregnant women attending the maternity clinic of the University Hospital Lausanne. STUDY DESIGN: Blood samples from 1030 women were taken at the usual pregnancy visit in the first trimester to assess the prevalence rate of IgG antibodies against HSV-1 and HSV-2 using a type-specific assay. A second blood sample was taken 6-8 weeks ... | 2011 | 21982938 |
| [influence of physiological state of escherichia coli cells on the expression of soluble protein--recombinant analog of glycoprotein g of herpes simplex virus of type 2]. | it is shown that the recombinant protein gst-hsv2gg, containing the immunodominant regions of glycoprotein g of hsv-2 is accumulated in the form of inclusion bodies or in soluble form in the escherichia coli bl21 (de3) cells. the ratio between protein fractions varied depending on the physiological state of cells before biosynthesis. the kinetic parameters of bacterial populations were determined by mathematical modeling of growth curves based on the verhulst logistic function. it was establishe ... | 2011 | 22164698 |
| persistent cutaneous neonatal herpes caused by herpes simplex virus-2. | 2011 | 21955135 | |
| HTLV-1 bZIP factor impairs cell-mediated immunity by suppressing production of Th1 cytokines. | Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients and human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) infected individuals succumb to opportunistic infections. Cell mediated immunity is impaired, yet the mechanism of this impairment has remained elusive. The HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ) gene is encoded in the minus strand of the viral DNA and is constitutively expressed in infected cells and ATL cells. To test the hypothesis that HBZ contributes to HTLV-1 associated immunodeficiency, we challenged transge ... | 2011 | 22123848 |
| Chronic Acyclovir-Resistant HSV-2 Ulcer in an Immunosuppressed Patient Treated With Topical Cidofovir. | 2011 | 22184781 | |
| Sensing herpes: more than toll. | To launch an effective antiviral immune response, cells must recognize the virus, activate a cytokine response, and initiate inflammatory processes. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 are nuclear-replicating viruses composed of a double-stranded DNA genome plus glycoproteins that are incorporated into a lipid bilayer envelope that surrounds an icosahedral capsid. Several novel receptors that mediate innate recognition of HSV and that activate the innate immune response have been identified ... | 2011 | 22020814 |
| Epidemiology of syphilis in Kenya: results from a nationally representative serological survey. | The authors used data from the Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey (KAIS) 2007 to determine the prevalence of syphilis and associated risk factors among adults aged 15-64 years. | 2011 | 21917697 |
| seroprevalence of 13 common pathogens in a rapidly growing u.s. minority population: mexican americans from san antonio, tx. | abstract: | 2011 | 22018212 |
| seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in thuringia, germany, 1999 to 2006. | the prevalence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type-specific igg was determined in sera taken in 1999 to 2006 from 1,100 children aged 0–18 years, 800 blood donors and 200 pregnant women in thuringia, germany, using tests based on the hsv glycoproteins (g) gg. by the age of 10–12 years, hsv-1 igg prevalence reached 57.3%, rising to 69.3% by the age of 16–18 years and to 78.0% by the age of 28–30 years. between 2.7% and 4.7% of the children aged up to 15 years had hsv-2 antibodies, increasing to 7. ... | 2011 | 22085620 |
| topical tenofovir, a microbicide effective against hiv, inhibits herpes simplex virus-2 replication. | the hiv reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, tenofovir, was recently formulated into a vaginal gel for use as a microbicide. in human trials, a 1% tenofovir gel inhibited hiv sexual transmission by 39% and, surprisingly, herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) transmission by 51%. we demonstrate that the concentration achieved intravaginally with a 1% tenofovir topical gel has direct antiherpetic activity. tenofovir inhibits the replication of hsv clinical isolates in human embryonic fibroblasts, keratinocyt ... | 2011 | 22018238 |
| performance of the euroline western blot assay in the detection of herpes simplex virus type 2 antibody in uganda, china and the usa. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (stis) worldwide. while glycoprotein g-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays are commonly used for the serological detection of hsv-2 antibodies, they have low specificity in developing countries. the euroline western blot (wb) is a commercially available assay that is easy to perform; however, little is known about its performance characteristics. this study evaluated euroline wb for the detec ... | 2011 | 21680672 |
| herpes simplex virus-induced epithelial damage and susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in human cervical organ culture. | normal human premenopausal cervical tissue has been used to derive primary cell populations and to establish ex vivo organ culture systems to study infections with herpes simplex virus (hsv-1 or hsv-2) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). infection with either hsv-1 or hsv-2 rapidly induced multinuclear giant cell formation and widespread damage in mucosal epithelial cells. subsequent exposure of the damaged mucosal surfaces to hiv-1 revealed frequent co-localization of hsv and hiv-1 ... | 2011 | 21818356 |
| prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes and associated cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions in hiv-infected women in botswana. | human papillomaviruses (hpv) constitute one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections and are the etiological agents for invasive cervical cancer, the predominant cancer among women in botswana. however, the prevalence of hpv genotypes in botswana has yet to be reported. one hundred thirty-nine endocervical swabs were taken at baseline from hiv-1 infected, hsv-2 seropositive women enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study designed to assess the influence of herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv- ... | 2011 | 21837784 |
| factors associated with herpes simplex virus type 2 incidence in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seronegative kenyan men and women reporting high-risk sexual behavior. | : herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is an important cause of genital ulcers and can increase the risk for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) transmission. our objective was to determine the incidence and correlates of hsv-2 infection in hiv-1-seronegative kenyan men reporting high-risk sexual behavior, compared with high-risk hiv-1-seronegative women in the same community. | 2011 | 21844740 |
| of mice and not humans: how reliable are animal models for evaluation of herpes cd8(+)-t cell-epitopes-based immunotherapeutic vaccine candidates? | herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2)-specific cd8(+) t cells that reside in sensory ganglia, appear to control recurrent herpetic disease by aborting or reducing spontaneous and sporadic reactivations of latent virus. a reliable animal model is the ultimate key factor to test the efficacy of therapeutic vaccines that boost the level and the quality of sensory ganglia-resident cd8(+) t cells against spontaneous herpes reactivation from sensory neurons, yet its relevance has be ... | 2011 | 21718746 |
| male circumcision for prevention of homosexual acquisition of hiv in men. | previous systematic reviews found inconsistent effects of male circumcision on hiv acquisition in men who have sex with men (msm). however, a number of new studies have become available in the three years since the last systematic review. | 2011 | 21678366 |
| multipurpose prevention technologies: biomedical tools to prevent hiv-1, hsv-2, and unintended pregnancies. | statistics clearly show an unmet need for highly effective contraception, especially in less developed countries. many of these countries are at the core of the hiv/aids epidemic and show very high prevalence rates for other sexually transmitted infections (stis) such as that caused by hsv-2. a woman at risk of unintended pregnancy due to unprotected intercourse is also at risk for hiv/sti. owing to their causative interrelationship, combining protection against these conditions will result in e ... | 2011 | 21836811 |
| the effects of daily distress and personality on genital hsv shedding and lesions in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of acyclovir in hsv-2 seropositive women. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections are ubiquitous in humans, but the determinants of clinical and virologic severity are not completely understood. prior research has suggested that psychological distress can be a co-factor in reactivation of latent hsv infection. personality traits such as extraversion and neuroticism influence stress attributions and may inform the relationship between psychological distress and health outcomes. earlier studies in this area have primarily focused on subject ... | 2011 | 21693182 |
| using centralized laboratory data to monitor trends in herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 infection in british columbia and the changing etiology of genital herpes. | understanding the regional epidemiology of genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections is important for clinical and public health practice, due to the increasing availability of type-specific serologic testing in canada and the contribution of genital hsv-2 infection to ongoing hiv transmission. we used centralized laboratory data to describe trends in viral identifications of genital hsv in bc and assess the utility of these data for ongoing population surveillance. | 2011 | 21714324 |
| [herpes simplex virus infections, an update for the practitioner]. | the herpesviruses hsv-1 and -2 classically infect the oral and genital area respectively. they descend from a common ancestor but have evolved separately since several million years, getting each adapted to these areas. thus, while both can infect either site, hsv-1 reactivates often orally, while hsv-2 does so in the genital area. the followings facts are stressed, because we think they are new, or worth attention regarding hsv epidemiology (plateauing of the hsv-2 epidemic in the us, growing s ... | 2011 | 21674891 |
| are hiv epidemics among men who have sex with men emerging in the middle east and north africa?: a systematic review and data synthesis. | men who have sex with men (msm) bear a disproportionately higher burden of hiv infection than the general population. msm in the middle east and north africa (mena) are a largely hidden population because of a prevailing stigma towards this type of sexual behavior, thereby limiting the ability to assess infection transmission patterns among them. it is widely perceived that data are virtually nonexistent on msm and hiv in this region. the objective of this review was to delineate, for the first ... | 2011 | 21829329 |
| prevalence of specific herpes simplex virus-2 antibodies and associated factors in women of a rural town of colombia. | there is lack of age-specific seroprevalence surveys and identification of factors associated with herpes simplex virus type-2 seropositivity (hsv-2) in rural populations in colombia. a random sample of 869 women was interviewed about socio-demographic aspects, sexual and reproductive history. antibodies to hsv-2 were determined by a specific type immunoenzymatic technique (elisa). participants had a mean age of 38±16.1 years, 67% were married, 60% monogamous and 47% reported use of condoms. hsv ... | 2011 | 21353272 |
| serological evidence of exposure to herpes simplex virus type 1 is associated with cognitive deficits in the catie schizophrenia sample. | cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia. previous studies have indicated that exposure to neurotropic infectious agents such as herpes simplex virus type 1 may contribute to cognitive deficits and neuroanatomical abnormalities in individuals with schizophrenia. we examined the association between exposure to neurotropic infectious agents and cognitive function in 1308 participants in the clinical antipsychotic trials of intervention effectiveness (catie) trial. this sample includ ... | 2011 | 21353483 |
| isatin-ß-thiosemicarbazones as potent herpes simplex virus inhibitors. | a series of isatin-ß-thiosemicarbazones have been designed and evaluated for antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) in a plaque reduction assay. their cytotoxicity was examined using human rhabdomyosarcoma cells (rd cells). several derivatives of isatin-ß-thiosemicarbazone exhibited significant and selective antiviral activity with low cytotoxicity. it was found that the thiourea group at thiosemicarbazone and the nh functionality at isatin were essenti ... | 2011 | 21356589 |
| genital lesions and acute urinary retention. | 2011 | 21364157 | |
| transfer of igg in the female genital tract by mhc class i-related neonatal fc receptor (fcrn) confers protective immunity to vaginal infection. | igg is a major ig subclass in mucosal secretions of the human female genital tract, where it predominates over the iga isotype. despite the abundance of igg, surprisingly little is known about where and how igg enters the lumen of the genital tract and the exact role local igg plays in preventing sexually transmitted diseases. we demonstrate here that the neonatal fc receptor, fcrn, is expressed in female genital tract epithelial cells of humans and mice and binds igg in a ph-dependent manner. i ... | 2011 | 21368166 |
| development of a glycoprotein d-expressing dominant-negative and replication-defective herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) recombinant viral vaccine against hsv-2 infection in mice. | using the t-rex (invitrogen, california) gene switch technology and a dominant-negative mutant polypeptide of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1)-origin binding protein ul9, we previously constructed a glycoprotein d-expressing replication-defective and dominant-negative hsv-1 recombinant viral vaccine, cj9-gd, for protection against hsv infection and disease. it was demonstrated that cj9-gd is avirulent following intracerebral inoculation in mice, cannot establish detectable latent infection followi ... | 2011 | 21389121 |
| correlates of hiv-1 genital shedding in tanzanian women. | understanding the correlates of hiv shedding is important to inform strategies to reduce hiv infectiousness. we examined correlates of genital hiv-1 rna in women who were seropositive for both herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 and hiv-1 and who were enrolled in a randomised controlled trial of hsv suppressive therapy (aciclovir 400 mg b.i.d vs. placebo) in tanzania. | 2011 | 21390251 |
| Recalcitrance of bacterial vaginosis among herpes-simplex-virus-type-2-seropositive women. | Aim: The multifactorial etiology of bacterial vaginosis (BV) impedes development of effective treatment and prevention strategies. Herein, we evaluated the effects of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), a suspected BV risk factor, on vaginal flora composition. Materials and Methods: Correlations between HSV-2 infection and BV were prospectively explored among 12 HSV-2-seropositive women with asymptomatic BV who were asked to collect daily vaginal swab specimens for Gram stain analysis of vagi ... | 2011 | 22136755 |
| Digallate dimers of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate inactivate herpes simplex virus. | Topical microbicides are potentially an alternative method to vaccines for reducing the spread of herpes simplex virus (HSV). We have previously shown (S. Liu et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1723:270-281, 2005) that the catechin (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inactivates HSV at neutral pH; however, to function in the female genital tract EGCG must also be effective at acidic pH. EGCG inactivated HSV-1 and HSV-2 at pH 8.0 by 3 log(10) to 4 log(10) but was ineffective at pH 5.7. The EGCG digal ... | 2011 | 21947401 |
| lack of association of herpes simplex virus type 2 seropositivity with the progression of hiv infection in the hers cohort. | many studies have chronicled the "epidemiologic synergy" between human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). hiv adversely affects the natural history of hsv-2 and results in more frequent and severe hsv-2 reactivation. few longitudinal studies, however, have examined whether hsv-2 is associated with increased hiv plasma viral loads or decreased cd4 counts. the authors estimated the effect of hsv-2 seropositivity on hiv rna viral load and on cd4 count over time am ... | 2011 | 21372062 |
| incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 in young reproductive age women in mysore, india. | there are sparse data on herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection in india. hsv-2 is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and the primary cause of genital ulcer disease worldwide. | 2011 | 21393886 |
| recent pattern of co-infection amongst hiv seropositive individuals in tertiary care hospital, kolkata. | opportunistic infections (ois) and co-infections are the major cause of deaths amongst hiv infected individuals and this mostly depends upon the risk factors, type of exposure and geographic region. the commonest types of infections reported are tuberculosis, chronic diarrhoea, oral candidiasis, herpes simplex virus-2, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis b virus and hepatitis c virus. due to the scarcity of ois data available from this region, we had designed a study to determine the frequency of differe ... | 2011 | 21396133 |
| identification of b- and t-cell epitopes from glycoprotein b of herpes simplex virus 2 and evaluation of their immunogenicity and protection efficacy. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection is a major health concern worldwide. evidence obtained from animals and humans indicates that b- and t-cell responses contribute to protective immunity against herpes virus infection. glycoprotein b is a transmembrane envelope component of hsv-1 and hsv-2, which plays an important role in virion morphogenesis and penetration into host cells, and can induce neutralizing antibodies and protective t-cell response when it is used to immunize humans and animals. h ... | 2011 | 22008818 |
| structure-function analysis of varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein h identifies domain-specific roles for fusion and skin tropism. | enveloped viruses require membrane fusion for cell entry and replication. for herpesviruses, this event is governed by the multiprotein core complex of conserved glycoproteins (g)b and gh/gl. the recent crystal structures of gh/gl from herpes simplex virus 2, pseudorabies virus, and epstein-barr virus revealed distinct domains that, surprisingly, do not resemble known viral fusogens. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) causes chicken pox and shingles. vzv is an α-herpesvirus closely related to herpes s ... | 2011 | 22025718 |
| Herpes simplex virus type-2 and human immunodeficiency virus infections in a rural population in Kilimanjaro Tanzania. | To estimate the seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Type 2 (HSV-2) and its association with Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections in rural Kilimanjaro Tanzania. | 2011 | 22066279 |
| cutaneous infections caused by herpesviridae: a review. | the herpes family of viruses accounts for a significant proportion of human cutaneous disease. although most episodes of viral infection can be diagnosed clinically, a small subset of these outbreaks will require biopsy for histologic interpretation and diagnosis. most herpesviruses cause characteristic architectural and cytologic changes in the context of active infection, whereas the effects of some will not manifest until the future as malignant disease. other infections may go unnoticed seco ... | 2011 | 21970493 |
| effect of asp2151, a herpesvirus helicase-primase inhibitor, in a guinea pig model of genital herpes. | asp2151 is a herpesvirus helicase-primase inhibitor with antiviral activity against varicella zoster virus and herpes simplex virus types 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2). here, we examined the potency and efficacy of asp2151 against hsv in vitro and in vivo. we found that asp2151 was more potent in inhibiting the replication of hsv-1 and hsv-2 in vero cells in the plaque reduction assay and had greater anti-hsv activity in a guinea pig model of genital herpes than did acyclovir and valacyclovir (vacv), ... | 2011 | 21869749 |
| high-dose valacyclovir hsv-2 suppression results in greater reduction in plasma hiv-1 levels compared with standard dose acyclovir among hiv-1/hsv-2 coinfected persons: a randomized, crossover trial. | standard-dose hsv-2 suppressive therapy (acyclovir 400 mg twice daily) reduces plasma hiv-1 levels by 0.25-0.50 log(10) copies/ml. it is not known if higher doses might further suppress hiv-1 levels. | 2011 | 21998479 |
| [Investigation of Epstein-Barr virus and herpes simplex virus markers by serological and molecular methods in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus]. | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) which are autoimmune diseases usually questioned for their association with many infectious agents have etiopathogenesis related to genetic, immunologic, hormonal and even environmental factors. The most commonly attributed etiologic agents are herpes group viruses. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and herpes simplex (HSV) viruses in the etiology of RA and SLE. A total of 137 patients (8 ... | 2011 | 22090298 |
| Novel resistance-associated mutations of thymidine kinase and DNA polymerase genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. | BACKGROUND: Studies to verify correlations between phenotypes and genotypes of herpes simplex virus (HSV) are an important tool to establish a database of resistance-associated mutations. METHODS: In this study, 32 acyclovir (ACV)-resistant clinical HSV-1 and 4 ACV-resistant clinical HSV-2 isolates were examined in parallel by both phenotypic and genotypic resistance testing. Additionally, five non-viable HSV-1 strains and two non-viable HSV-2 strains with clinical resistance were included in ge ... | 2011 | 22155911 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 mimicking necrotizing fasciitis. | 2011 | 22007058 | |
| genetic factors influence serological measures of common infections. | antibodies against infectious pathogens provide information on past or present exposure to infectious agents. while host genetic factors are known to affect the immune response, the influence of genetic factors on antibody levels to common infectious agents is largely unknown. here we test whether antibody levels for 13 common infections are significantly heritable. | 2011 | 21996708 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type-2 infection among pregnant women in northeast india. | abstract: background: herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections that facilitate human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) acquisition by over two fold or more. the development of hsv-2 control methods as a measure to control hiv epidemic in high hsv-2/hiv areas has become a priority. two out of the six high hiv prevalent states of india are located in the northeastern region of india. due to lack of documented hsv-2 studies from this part of the coun ... | 2011 | 22111810 |
| are human herpes viruses associated with autoimmune thyroid disease? | autoimmune diseases are complex diseases with genetic, endogenous and environmental etiologies. viral infections have been postulated as one of the factors that may be the trigger of autoimmune diseases. | 2011 | 22169789 |
| time to refocus on hsv interventions for hiv prevention? | 2011 | 21998480 | |
| rna binding properties of the us11 protein from four primate simplexviruses. | the protein encoded by the us11 gene of herpes simplex viruses is a dsrna binding protein which inhibits protein kinase r activity, thereby preventing the interferon-induced shut down of protein synthesis following viral infection. us11 protein is not essential for infectivity in vitro and in mice in herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1), however this virus has a second, and apparently more important, inhibitor of pkr activity, the γ134.5 protein. recently sequenced simian simplexviruses sa8, hvp2 ... | 2011 | 22054255 |
| Association of GRIN1 and GRIN2A-D with schizophrenia and genetic interaction with maternal herpes simplex virus-2 infection affecting disease risk. | N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are very important for proper brain development and several lines of evidence support that hypofunction of the NMDA receptors are involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Gene variation and gene-environmental interactions involving the genes encoding the NMDA receptors are therefore likely to influence the risk of schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to determine (1) whether SNP variation in the genes (GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRIN2C, and GRIN2D) ... | 2011 | 21919190 |
| Infectious agents associated with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. | Schizophrenia is a highly disabling and limiting disorder for patients and the possibility that infections by some microorganisms may be associated to its development may allow prevention and recovery. In the current study we have done a meta-analysis of studies that have assessed the possible association between detection of different infectious agents and schizophrenia. We report results that support the idea that there is a statistically significant association between schizophrenia and infec ... | 2011 | 22104141 |
| HIV, HSV-2 and syphilis among married couples in India: patterns of discordance and concordance. | Differences in sexual networks probably explain the disparity in the scale of HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa and India. HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) discordant couple studies provide insights into important aspects of these sexual networks. The authors quantify the role of male sexual behaviour in HIV transmission in married couples in India. | 2011 | 21865404 |
| Neonatal antibodies to infectious agents and risk of bipolar disorder: a population-based case-control study. | There is a substantial evidence base linking prenatal exposure to infectious agents and an increased risk of schizophrenia. However, there has been less research examining the potential for these exposures to also contribute to risk for bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to examine the association between neonatal markers of selected prenatal infections and risk for bipolar disorder. | 2011 | 22085475 |
| efficacy of asp2151, a helicase-primase inhibitor, against thymidine kinase-deficient herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in vitro and in vivo. | asp2151 was developed as a novel inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus helicase-primase. the anti-hsv activity of asp2151 toward a clinical hsv isolate with acyclovir (acv)-resistant/thymidine kinase (tk)-deficiency was characterized in vitro and in vivo using a plaque reduction assay and the ear pinna infection in mice. the ic(50) ranged from 0.018 to 0.024μg/ml, indicating the susceptibility of tk-deficient hsv-2 was similar to that of wild-type hsv-2 strains. anti ... | 2011 | 22155691 |
| herpes virus infection can cause intervertebral disc degeneration: a causal relationship? | it has been proposed that intervertebral disc degeneration might be caused by low-grade infection. the purpose of the present study was to assess the incidence of herpes viruses in intervertebral disc specimens from patients with lumbar disc herniation. a polymerase chain reaction based assay was applied to screen for the dna of eight different herpes viruses in 16 patients and two controls. dna of at least one herpes virus was detected in 13 specimens (81.25%). herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv- ... | 2011 | 21911538 |
| the first common cold sore susceptibility gene. | 2011 | 22039567 | |
| preventing sexually transmitted infections: back to basics. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) have plagued humans for millennia and can result in chronic disease, pregnancy complications, infertility, and even death. recent technological advances have led to a better understanding of the causative agents for these infections as well as aspects of their pathogenesis that might represent novel therapeutic targets. the articles in this review series provide excellent updates on the recent advances in understanding of the pathogenesis of some very impor ... | 2011 | 22133882 |
| the anti-hsv-2 effect of alumen: in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. | this study investigated the anti-hsv-2 effect of alumen through in vitro and in vivo experiments. viable cell counting was employed to assess the toxicity of alumen on vero cells. the inhibition rate of hsv-2 was defined as the cytopathic effect (cpe) of the cells infected with the virus. alumen suppositories of different concentrations were vaginally applied to the guinea pigs which were then infected with hsv-2 via a vaginal route. the clinical symptoms were observed and the local virus titer ... | 2011 | 22173507 |
| genotypic characterization of herpes simplex virus dna polymerase ul42 processivity factor. | the herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna polymerase is composed of the ul30 catalytic subunit and the ul42 processivity factor. the ul42 subunit increases the processivity of the polymerase along the dna template during replication. the molecular mechanisms of hsv resistance to drugs interfering with viral dna synthesis reported so far mainly rely on modifications of the viral thymidine kinase and dna polymerase. we aimed to extensively describe the genetic variations of hsv ul42 processivity factor a ... | 2012 | 22061617 |
| clinical and virologic response to episodic acyclovir for genital ulcers among hiv-1 seronegative, herpes simplex virus type 2 seropositive african women: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. | in a randomized trial among african women with recurrent genital herpes, episodic acyclovir therapy resulted in modestly greater likelihood of lesion healing (hazard ratio [hr] = 1.48, p = 0.098; mean, 5.1 vs. 6.0 days) and cessation of herpes simplex virus shedding (hr = 1.88, p = 0.008; mean, 3.0 vs. 5.0 days) compared with placebo, similar to results of studies in high-income countries (clinicaltrials.gov registration nct00808405). | 2012 | 22183840 |
| Tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: evolving evidence. | Topical tenofovir gel and oral tenofovir and emtricitabine-tenofovir [FTC/tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate (TDF)] have been demonstrated to have efficacy in preventing HIV-1 in some populations. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trials and future directions are summarized. | 2012 | 22156901 |
| Detection of herpes simplex virus (1 and 2), varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus 6 and enterovirus in immunocompetent tunisian patients with acute neuromeningeal disorder. | Enteroviruses (EVs) and human herpesviruses (HHVs) are involved frequently in acute neurological disorders of viral etiology. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of herpes simplex virus types-1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and human enteroviruses (EVs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of Tunisian immunocompetent patients with neuromeningeal disorders. The patients had been hospitalized at the Fattouma Bourgu ... | 2012 | 22170549 |
| [necrotizing herpes folliculitis. report of one case]. | herpes folliculitis is a rare manifestation of herpes virus infection. it usually represents a diagnostic challenge, due to the absence of characteristic skin manifestations such as vesicles or pustules. the reported cases are mainly associated with varicella zoster virus (vzv) and less commonly with herpes simplex viruses (hsv-1 y hsv-2). we report a 51-year-old male with a relapsing non-hodgkin lymphoma under chemotherapy, with history of extensive follicular lesions lasting one month. the pat ... | 2012 | 23677233 |
| asymptomatic seminal infection of herpes simplex virus: impact on male infertility. | in more than half of infertile men, the cause of their infertility is unknown. several studies revealed the role of viral infections in male infertility. the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in semen from asymptomatic infertile male patients, and its association with altered semen parameters. a total of 70 semen samples were collected from infertile men who attended the research and clinical center for infertility in yazd, iran. ... | 2012 | 23554795 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (hiv, hepatitis b, herpes simplex type 2 and syphilis) among asymptomatic pregnant women. | to determine the current prevalence of four major sexually transmitted infections (stis: hiv, hepatitis b, herpes simplex virus 2, and syphilis) in asymptomatic pregnant women. | 2012 | 23542821 |
| mucosal herpes immunity and immunopathology to ocular and genital herpes simplex virus infections. | herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) are amongst the most common human infectious viral pathogens capable of causing serious clinical diseases at every stage of life, from fatal disseminated disease in newborns to cold sores genital ulcerations and blinding eye disease. primary mucocutaneous infection with hsv-1 & hsv-2 is followed by a lifelong viral latency in the sensory ganglia. in the majority of cases, herpes infections are clinically asymptomatic. however, in symptom ... | 2012 | 23320014 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among females in enugu, enugu state. | herpes simplex virus type 2 infecion is life long with manifestation in a small proportion of those infected. it has presented public health concern because of its progressively increasing prevalence which some authorities say is of epidemic proportion in developing countries. herpes simplex virus type 2 has recently been found to have synergistic effect with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and co-infection of the two presents more severe burden to the immunity of the victim. this leads to mu ... | 2012 | 23304946 |
| lat region factors mediating differential neuronal tropism of hsv-1 and hsv-2 do not act in trans. | after hsv infection, some trigeminal ganglion neurons support productive cycle gene expression, while in other neurons the virus establishes a latent infection. we previously demonstrated that hsv-1 and hsv-2 preferentially establish latent infection in a5+ and kh10+ sensory neurons, respectively, and that exchanging the latency-associated transcript (lat) between hsv-1 and hsv-2 also exchanges the neuronal preference. since many viral genes besides the lat are functionally interchangeable betwe ... | 2012 | 23300908 |
| [detection of human cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 2 in cervical sample]. | to detect the presence of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna in cervical samples from women assisted in a primary health care clinic in the city of coari, amazonas, brazil. | 2012 | 23288260 |
| prevalence of serum antibodies to torch infection in and around varanasi, northern india. | the acute infections which are caused by toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus (cmv) and the herpes simplex virus (hsv-2) during pregnancy are often associated with adverse foetal outcomes and reproductive failures. in the indian context, the exact seroprevalence of these infections is not known due to unavailability of baseline data. | 2012 | 23285435 |