Publications

in-vitro activity of sch 34343 against anaerobic bacteria.	the in-vitro activity of sch 34343, was compared with that of imipenem against 226 strains of anaerobic bacteria. sch 34343 was identical in activity to imipenem, inhibiting 99.5% of the organisms tested at 16 mg/l (the breakpoint for both drugs). imipenem was slightly more active than sch 34343 against bacteroides, fusobacterium and veillonella, although both drugs inhibited all organisms in these groups below breakpoint levels.	1985	3861606
longitudinal microbiological investigation of a hospitalized population of older adults with a high root surface caries risk.	intact root surfaces of chronically hospitalized subjects were sampled periodically to enumerate bacterial species believed to be associated with root caries. bacteria were cultivated and enumerated using a series of selective and enriched media. microbial counts, isolation frequencies, and percent cultivable flora data were analyzed for caries-active and caries-free surfaces and subjects. s. mutans, s. sanguis, a. viscosus, a. naeslundii, total lactobacilli, and veillonella accounted for a mean ...	1985	3865948
[role of nitrates in lactate metabolism in the oral bacterium, veillonella parvula].		1985	3869047
comparison of pras ii, rapid ana, and api 20a systems for identification of anaerobic bacteria.	this study evaluated the pras ii, rapid ana, and api 20a systems for the identification of anaerobic bacteria. a total of 80 isolates (68 fresh clinical isolates and 12 stock cultures) were examined and included 25 bacteriodes spp., 7 fusobacterium spp., 12 clostridium spp., 2 veillonella spp., 16 gram-positive cocci, and 18 gram-positive nonsporeforming bacilli. all isolates were initially identified by the procedures outlined in holdeman et al. (ed.), anaerobe laboratory manual, virginia polyt ...	1985	3881468
a new apparatus for continuous cultivation of bacterial plaque on solid surfaces and human dental enamel.	a new apparatus for the continuous cultivation of mono and mixed bacterial plaque on solid surfaces is described. the features are: easy preparation and handling; freedom from technical problems and microbial contamination; self-sufficient for periods of up to 56 d; 12 samples are taken simultaneously; programmable supply inlet. experiments were performed with streptococcus mutans c 67-1 for mono bacterial inoculation and in combination with veillonella alcalescens v-1 for mixed bacterial inocul ...	1985	3897164
the veillonellae: gram-negative cocci with a unique physiology.		1985	3904599
cultivable microflora of plaque from full denture bases and adjacent palatal mucosa.	anaerobic cultural techniques and rapid biochemical identification tests normally employed for periodontal plaque were utilized for the analysis of plaque samples taken from denture bases and corresponding adjacent mucosa. results were compared with those or more comprehensive microbiological investigations. forty four samples were obtained from the denture bases and adjacent palatal mucosa of 12 patients wearing full upper dentures. the specimens were then collected in reduced transport fluid a ...	1985	3908454
dental pulp response to bacterial cell wall material.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) from bacteroides oralis and veillonella parvula and cell wall material from lactobacillus casei were studied for their capacity to induce leukocyte migration in the dental pulp and in an implanted wound chamber. three adult monkeys were challenged using lyophilized material sealed into buccal class v cavities prepared in dentin. pulp tissue responses were observed histologically eight and 72 hours after initiation of the experiment. subjacent to cut dentinal tubules, ba ...	1985	3926844
the establishment of reproducible, complex communities of oral bacteria in the chemostat using defined inocula.	nine commonly isolated oral bacterial populations were inoculated into a glucose-limited and a glucose-excess (amino acid-limited) chemostat maintained at a constant ph 7.0 and a mean community generation time of 13.9 h. the bacterial populations were streptococcus mutans atcc 2-27351, strep. sanguis nctc 7865, strep. mitior ef 186, actinomyces viscosus wvu 627, lactobacillus casei ac 413, neisseria sp. a1078, veillonella alkalescens atcc 17745, bacteroides intermedius t 588 and fusobacterium nu ...	1985	3932293
microbial changes associated with advancing periodontitis in str/n mice.		1985	2933502
[a comparative study of the various organisms causing salpingitis and their potential presence in iud wearers].	a prospective study was undertaken to compare the enbdometrial and vaginal bacteria of a continuous series of 283 patients who had iuds removed between june 1, 1979 and june 1, 1983, by the same clinician. measures were taken to avoid contamination of the iud upon removal by the vaginal bacteria, but as a practical matter it was impossible to avoid all contact. the iuds involved were multiload copper 250 or 375, gyne t and t 200, nova t, and dimelys. the number of positive cultures from the ...	1985	12339972
serological investigation of various forms of inflammatory periodontitis.		1986	2942664
production and degradation of formate by veillonella dispar atcc 17745.	under strictly anaerobic conditions, the resting cells of v. dispar atcc 17745 produced formate as well as acetate and propionate from pyruvate or from lactate. pyruvate formate-lyase activity was found when the activity was assayed under strictly anaerobic conditions. under aerobic conditions, however, the resting cells did not produce formate from pyruvate or from lactate, though the cells actively metabolized pyruvate or lactate (mainly to acetate). this was ascribed to pyruvate formate-lyase ...	1986	3086409
the effect of lowering the ph on the composition and metabolism of a community of nine oral bacteria grown in a chemostat.	nine oral bacteria, associated with both healthy and diseased sites in the mouth, were grown at d = 0.05 h-1 (mean generation time 13.9 h) in a glucose-limited chemostat. after an initial period of steady-state growth at ph 7.0, ph control was discontinued. the ph then decreased until it stabilized at ph 4.1 after 9 d (16 generations), while the eh rose from -165 mv to +160 mv. the lowering in ph resulted in the composition and metabolism of the flora being altered and in increased bacterial agg ...	1986	3095488
ability of oral bacteria to degrade fibronectin.	the fibronectin-degrading ability of 116, mainly oral, strains was assayed by using plasma-derived fibronectin adsorbed to a polystyrene surface. ability to degrade fibronectin was revealed in strains of bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, bacteroides loeschii, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, peptococcus prevotii, clostridium sporogenes, and propionibacterium acnes. the fibronectinolytic activity of subgingival bacteriological samples was found to be related to th ...	1986	3943910
use of parenteral antibiotic therapy to eradicate bacterial colonization of amniotic fluid in premature rupture of membranes.	the successful eradication of bacterial colonization of the amniotic fluid with parenteral maternal antibiotic therapy in a preterm gestation with premature rupture of membranes is reported. amniotic fluid, obtained by amniocentesis, of a pregnancy complicated by premature rupture of membranes at 29 weeks was found to have three different bacterial species (bacteroides bivius, veillonella parvula, and peptococcus). because of prematurity and clinical quiescence, parenteral antibiotics were admin ...	1986	3945461
[midecamycin acetate-susceptibility of clinical isolates from dental and oral surgical infections].	to investigate the clinical and bacteriological usefulness of orally administered midecamycin acetate (mom), the susceptibility of clinical isolates to mom, mb-12 (the main metabolite of mom), josamycin (jm), ampicillin (abpc) and cephalexin (cex) was determined. the results are summarized as follows. antibacterial activities of mom against aerobic gram-positive cocci, b. catarrhalis, and anaerobic bacteria were inferior to those of jm by 2-fold, but superior to those of cex. activities of mom a ...	1986	3643285
gingivitis.	gingivitis is caused by substances derived from microbial plaque accumulating at or near the gingival sulcus; all other suspected local and systemic etiologic factors either enhance plaque accumulation or retention, or enhance the susceptibility of the gingival tissue to microbial attack. microbial species specifically associated with gingival health include streptococcus sanguis 1, s. d-7, and fusobacterium naviforme. bacteria involved in the etiology of gingivitis include specific species of s ...	1986	3522644
effect of beta-lactam prodrugs on human intestinal microflora.	the ampicillin prodrugs bacampicillin, pivampicillin, and talampicillin, the mecillinam prodrug pivmecillinam and the sulbactam prodrug sulbactam pivoxil all have a greatly improved oral availability compared to the parent drug. they show no antibacterial activity themselves until transformed into active drugs after absorption. this double advantage makes them less likely to influence the intestinal microbial ecosystem. ampicillin has been reported to cause marked changes in the colon microflora ...	1986	3547627
immune suppression induced by gram-negative organisms in patients with chronic inflammatory periodontal disease.		1986	3460762
[indirect immunohistochemical test of the endotoxin of veillonella alcalescens and of peptidoglycans in the root cementum of periodontally diseased teeth].		1986	3461943
arylaminopeptidase activities of oral bacteria.	protease and peptidase enzymes are thought to play a role in the virulence of many oral organisms, especially those associated with periodontal diseases. in order to evaluate the peptidases of periodontopathogens, we compared the arylaminopeptidase activities of bacteroides gingivalis with those of other oral and non-oral bacteria. sixty-three bacterial strains representing the prominent cultivable organisms in human periodontal pockets were tested, including representatives of the black-pigment ...	1986	3478393
serum igg antibodies to lipopolysaccharides in various forms of periodontal disease in man.	serum igg antibody titres to lipopolysaccharides (lps) from two strains of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were significantly elevated in juvenile periodontitis compared with other types of periodontal disease and with controls (p less than 0.05). the highest antibody titres to bacteroides gingivalis lps were in juvenile periodontitis, but this difference was significant only against the control group (p less than 0.01). in adult mild periodontitis there were higher antibody levels to lps f ...	1986	3479058
penicillin resistance in the subgingival microbiota associated with adult periodontitis.	in this investigation, the penicillin-resistant and beta-lactamase-producing subgingival microbiota associated with adult periodontitis was identified, and the impact of a recent exposure to penicillin on the recovery of resistant organisms from this microbiota was assessed. subjects with adult periodontitis were examined clinically and microbiologically. twenty-one subjects had a documented history of penicillin therapy within the previous 6 months whereas an additional 21 subjects had no histo ...	1986	3486882
microbiological and microhardness evaluation of artificial enamel fissures worn intraorally by humans.	devices simulating occlusal fissures were constructed from dental enamel and bonded to human maxillary molar teeth for 3 weeks. facilitation of in vivo caries research in humans is the long-range goal for this model system. in the present investigation, microbial compositions of plaque in the fissural space of the model and natural fissural plaque from teeth bearing the devices were compared. plaque from models constructed from either bovine or human enamel was also compared. in addition, microh ...	1986	3700608
a comparison of selective media for the isolation of anaerobic bacteria from clinical material.	clinical specimens submitted for anaerobic culture to a melbourne teaching hospital microbiology laboratory were plated onto 3 types of selective media, to determine which would allow the optimal recovery of anaerobic organisms. the 3 media employed were kanamycin agar (ka), neomycin agar (na) and nalidixic acid-tween 80 agar (nat). the highest isolation rate was achieved on nat, 89% of the total of all anaerobes isolated being recovered on this medium. a recovery rate of 69% was achieved using ...	1986	3725423
activation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase isolated from veillonella parvula.	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck, ec 4.1.1.49) has been purified 940-fold from veillonella parvula using protamine sulphate treatment, ammonium sulphate precipitation, and column chromatography. the purified enzyme was substantially free of contaminating enzymes or proteins. maximum activity in the direction of oxaloacetate (oaa) decarboxylation was exhibited at ph 9.0. at this ph, the v. parvula enzyme catalysed phosphoenolpyruvate formation in the presence of mn2+ ions. in the presence ...	1986	3778663
[anaerobic bacteria in various infections and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns].	in this study we have examined antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria isolated from various samples of 75 patients. anaerobic bacteria from 22 (29.3%) patients, and only aerobic bacteria from 29 (38.7%) patients have been isolated; there has been no growth in cultures from 24 (32%) patients. of 75 isolates from 51 patients 38 (50.6%) are anaerobic and 37 (49.4%) are aerobic bacteria. following anaerobic bacteria have been isolated: peptostreptococcus (13), peptococcus (5), microaerophil ...	1986	3657617
identification of anaerobic bacteria using high-performance liquid chromatography.	20 species of the genera clostridium, bacteroides, fusobacterium and the type strains of peptostreptococcus anaerobius, peptococcus asaccharolyticus, veillonella parvula and propionibacterium acnes were examined for the production of volatile (vfa) and nonvolatile (nvfa) short-chain fatty acids using high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with a column for organic acids (aminex hpx-87h). 10 min are needed for sample preparation and the vfa and nvfa were detected simultaneously in a single ...	1987	3673341
relationship of cell surface morphology and composition of streptococcus salivarius k+ to adherence and hydrophobicity.	the cell surfaces of a range of variants of streptococcus salivarius hb, altered in cell wall antigen composition, were compared with those of the parent with respect to adherence, ability to adsorb to hexadecane, morphology, and exposure of lipoteichoic acid (lta). adherence to host surfaces was measured by using both saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads and tissue-cultured hela cells, and interbacterial adherence was measured by using veillonella alcalescens v1 cells. progressive loss of the pro ...	1987	3804445
[cellular immunity in periodontal disease].		1987	3502633
[nitrite reductase in soluble cytoplasmic fraction and particulate membrane-bound fraction from veillonella].		1987	3505784
a bacteriological study of rampant caries in children.	we undertook a microbiological study, in children, of dental plaque from sound surfaces or associated with rampant caries, both black-colored and unstained. improved selective media allowed for the enumeration of bacteria belonging to specific genera or species present in plaque samples. a nearly similar bacterial distribution was found in both types of rampant caries. aciduric flora, streptococcus mutans, veillonella, and lactobacillus predominated in plaque over the lesions, whereas extracellu ...	1987	3476538
phenytoin and 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin do not alter the effects of bacterial and amplified plaque extracts on cultures of fibroblasts from normal and overgrown gingivae.	local irritation of gingival tissue by plaque is among the factors which affect development of gingival overgrowth in patients undergoing chronic phenytoin (pht) therapy. variability in the cytotoxicity of plaque components or of plaque substances plus pht and/or its metabolites toward gingival fibroblasts may relate to whether gingival overgrowth forms in a particular patient. fibroblasts from healthy and overgrown gingivae were incubated with (a) pht and its major human metabolite, 5-(p-hydrox ...	1987	3476609
bilateral abscessed orchiepididymitis associated with sepsis caused by veillonella parvula and clostridium perfringens: case report and review of the literature.	veillonella species is a gram-negative coccus which is part of the anaerobic normal flora in the oral cavity, small intestine, upper respiratory tract, vagina, and urinary tract. the role that this organism plays in infection is not well known, and it is generally associated with other bacteria. we present a case of bilateral abscessed orchiepididymitis associated with septicemia due to veillonella parvula and, later, to clostridium perfringens, with the development of severe renal insufficiency ...	1987	2887584
a comparison of the adhesion, coaggregation and cell-surface hydrophobicity properties of fibrillar and fimbriate strains of streptococcus salivarius.	fibrillar and fimbriate strains of streptococcus salivarius were compared for their ability to adhere to buccal epithelial cells and saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads, and for their ability to coaggregate with veillonella strains. the fibrillar lancefield group k strains adhered statistically significantly better to both buccal epithelial cells and saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads than the fimbriate strains, which lacked the lancefield group k antigen. after 1 h the fibrillar strains coaggreg ...	1987	2895798
inhibitory and cidal antimicrobial actions of electrically generated silver ions.	one promising alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of localized infections is the generation of antimicrobial silver ions by the use of low intensity direct current from a pure silver anode implanted at the site of an infection. this study investigates the in vitro bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties of this system on a variety of organisms.	1987	3305838
putrescine and cadaverine are constituents of peptidoglycan in veillonella alcalescens and veillonella parvula.	veillonella alcalescens atcc 17745, a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative small coccus, requires putrescine or cadaverine for growth (m. b. ritchey, and e. a. delwiche, j. bacteriol. 124:1213-1219, 1975). both putrescine and cadaverine were demonstrated to be incorporated exclusively into the peptidoglycan layer of v. alcalescens atcc 17745. v. parvula gai 0574 also proved to contain putrescine as a component of peptidoglycan. the primary chemical structure of the peptidoglycan common to the two v ...	1987	3584075
heparinase production by anaerobic bacteria.	the production of heparinase by a wide range of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens was investigated. none of the 29 strains of bacteroides fragilis produced heparinase. of 62 other bacteroides tested, only two of four strains of b ovatus, two of three strains of b thetaiotaomicron, and two of four strains of b uniformis were heparinase producers. none of the 48 strains of fusobacteria or seven strains of veillonella produced heparinase. the anaerobic cocci (19 peptococci and sev ...	1987	3584480
stereochemistry of the methylmalonyl-coa decarboxylation reaction.	the steric course of the decarboxylation of (s)-methylmalonyl-coa to propionyl-coa, catalyzed by the biotin-dependent sodium pump methylmalonyl-coa decarboxylase of veillonella alcalescens was determined. the decarboxylation of (s)-methylmalonyl-coa in 3h2o yielded (r)-[2-3h]propionyl-coa; and the decarboxylation of (s)-[2-3h]methylmalonyl-coa in h2o produced (s)-[2-3h]propionyl-coa. the results demonstrate retention of configuration during the decarboxylation reaction. the substrate stereochemi ...	1987	3609308
the in vitro activity of roxithromycin (ru 28965) compared with four oral antibiotics.	the in vitro activity of roxithromycin (ru 28965), a new semisynthetic macrolide, was compared with that of amoxycillin, cephradine, doxycycline and erythromycin against 160 respiratory and skin isolates including 10 methicillin-resistant staph. aureus, 10 beta-lactamase-producing haemophilus influenzae and 30 anaerobes. the mic determinations were performed by an agar dilution method using a final inoculum of 10(4)-10(5) c.f.u./ml and results were recorded as the lowest concentration of the dru ...	1987	3622250
structural specificity of diamines covalently linked to peptidoglycan for cell growth of veillonella alcalescens and selenomonas ruminantium.	putrescine and cadaverine are essential constituents of the peptidoglycan of veillonella alcalescens, veillonella parvula, and selenomonas ruminantium and are necessary for the growth of these organisms (y. kamio and k. nakamura, j. bacteriol. 169:2881-2884, 1987, and y. kamio, h. pösö, y. terawaki, and l. paulin, j. biol. chem. 261:6585-6589, 1986). in this study, the structural specificity of the diamine requirement for normal cell growth of these bacteria was examined by using a series of dia ...	1987	3654585
interactions between rumen amylolytic and lactate-utilizing bacteria in growth on starch.	the growth and metabolism of the rumen amylolytic bacteria streptococcus bovis, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and bacteroides ruminicola, growing in pure cultures and co-cultures with the rumen lactilytic bacteria megasphaera elsdenii and veillonella alcalescens were followed. the interaction of amylolytic bacteria with v. alcalescens represents a simple food chain. the interaction with m. elsdenii is more complex, since there is a simultaneous competition for products of the starch degradation.	1987	3429358
l-serine enhances the anaerobic lactate metabolism of veillonella dispar atcc 17745.	under anaerobic conditions, the rate of metabolism of lactate by starved resting cells of veillonella dispar atcc 17745 was very low. because pyruvate was metabolized well by the starved cells, oxidation of lactate to pyruvate, which is the first step of the lactate metabolism, must have been limited in the cells. in the starved cells, the levels of the metabolic intermediates, oxalacetate or fumarate, of which reductions to malate or to succinate could be coupled with lactate oxidation to pyruv ...	1987	3114345
nitrite accumulation during anaerobic nitrate reduction by binary suspensions of bacteria isolated from the achlorhydric stomach.	binary suspensions of bacteria isolated from the gastric juice of achlorhydric patients were used to determine conditions which favour nitrite accumulation during nitrate reduction. suspensions of veillonella parvula and haemophilus parainfluenzae accumulated nitrite during nitrate reduction in the absence of nitrite-reducing neisseria subflava or streptococcus sanguis. the maximum concentration of nitrite that transiently accumulated decreased predictably as the ratio of nitrite-removing bacter ...	1987	3117970
rapid isolation of dna from actinomyces.	dna could not be quickly extracted from members of the genus actinomyces by the usual methods of lysis. treatment of 7 different actinomyces cells with lysozyme and achromopeptidase, both 5 mg/g wet cells, for 2 h, followed by sds (0.2%), proteinase k (5 mg/g wet cells) and edta (lmm) for 1 h, lysed the cells. the yield obtained in one day was 337 micrograms per 200 mg of bacterial cells. the treatment was also found to work effectively on strains belonging to veillonella, staphylococcus, fusoba ...	1987	3125848
selective suppression of the anaerobic oropharyngeal microflora with local metronidazole.	anaerobic microorganisms of the normal oropharyngeal flora have been shown to be the main pathogens in orofacial infections of odontogenic origin. reduction of the density of anaerobes in the oral cavity as a prophylactic measure before oral surgery may be a rational way to reduce the frequency of post-operative infections. this report describes a local antibiotic regimen that can reduce anaerobic pathogens in the oral cavity. over a period of 7 days, 10 healthy individuals applied locally 1.5-2 ...	1987	2948544
bacterial antigens induce collagenase and prostaglandin e2 synthesis in human gingival fibroblasts through a primary effect on circulating mononuclear cells.	our previous work suggests that one mechanism through which connective tissue breakdown might occur in periodontal diseases is the production of metalloproteinases, including collagenase, by gingival fibroblasts. in this study we investigated whether highly purified preparations of lipopolysaccharide (lps) and lipoteichoic acid (lta) from a number of putative periodontal pathogens could induce monolayer cultures of human gingival fibroblasts to synthesize collagenase and prostaglandin e2. using ...	1987	3040590
early microbial colonization of permucosal implants in edentulous patients.	in edentulous patients, the microbial colonization of permucosal implants of sintered hydroxyapatite was studied. samples were taken from mucosa and dentures before insertion of implants and from supra- and subgingival sites two to 10 weeks after insertion. in total, five patients and 10 implants with clinically healthy peri-implant tissues were studied. the samples were investigated by dark-field microscopy and anaerobic culture. the supragingival plaque of the implants was dominated by gram-po ...	1987	10872401
[in vitro activity of an ofloxacin-metronidazole combination against anaerobic bacteria. kinetics of the action of metronidazole against bacteroides fragilis].	the activity of metronidazole combined with ofloxacin was investigated by the checkerboard method in liquid medium against 60 obligate anaerobes. the bacteriostatic effect of the combination was assessed by calculating the fic index. two metronidazole resistant strains of propionibacterium acnes (mic greater than 32 mg/l) were inhibited by 0.125 mg/l of this former antibiotic in presence of an ofloxacin concentration equal to half the value of the mic. on the 58 other anaerobic strains, the comb ...	1988	3043345
phage-receptor on the cell wall of veillonella rodentium.	veillonellophage n2 prevented from adsorbing to veillonella rodentium atcc 17743 cells treated with polymyxin b, and also to lipopolysaccharides (lpss) of the host cells treated with antibiotics. therefore, these results indicate that receptor to phage n2 is cell wall lpss. the lpss of v. rodentium atcc 17743 cells as receptor were characterized. lipid a and total carbohydrate accounted for approximately 40% of the weight of the lipopolysaccharide complex. heptose and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate were ...	1988	3048203
[subgingival anaerobic flora in periodontal disease in adults].		1988	3050435
comparison of the antimicrobial capability of an abrasive paste and chemical-soak denture cleaners.	the objective of this research was to compare the ability of the two most popular methods for denture cleaning to remove plaque microorganisms from dentures. dentu-creme abrasive denture paste and efferdent alkaline peroxide denture-cleanser soak were selected for study. two trials were completed in which these materials were used alone and in combination along with a no-treatment control to determine the level of recoverable plaque bacteria from removable dentures. plaque was allowed to accumul ...	1988	3054068
anaerobic infections in the head and neck region.	anaerobic bacteria form the predominant flora of the oral cavity, outnumbering facultative organisms by 10-1,000: 1. the type of anaerobic bacteria and their concentration depend on the anatomical site and the degree of anaerobiosis in the different sites in the mouth. three groups of anaerobic bacteria inhabit the oral cavity; the strict anaerobes, the moderate anaerobes, and the microaerophilic group of organisms. the majority of anaerobic bacterial infections occurring in the region of the mo ...	1988	3074469
production of volatile fatty acids as a result of bacterial interactions in the cecum of gnotobiotic rats and chickens fed a lactose-containing diet.	volatile fatty acid (vfa) productions from lactose and lactate by a clostridium butyricum and a veillonella alcalescens strain, alone or in combination with a lactobacillus acidophilus strain, were determined both in vitro in culture media and in vivo in the ceca of gnotobiotic animals. gnotobiotic rats, which possess intestinal lactase, and chickens, which are devoid of it, were used. both animal species were fed a diet containing 4% lactose. the in vitro results showed that the c. butyricum st ...	1988	3148988
bacterial involvement in denture-induced stomatitis.	denture and mucosal plaque samples were collected from eight full-denture wearers of whom four suffered from denture-induced stomatitis (dis). cultures were made, and a proportional identification to species level was carried out of bacteria and yeasts. an inventory was made of the predominant flora. results showed that the predominant microflora of both groups, both on dentures and the denture-bearing mucosa, consisted mainly of gram-positive bacteria. differences in the proportions of cocci we ...	1988	3166009
coaggregation properties of human oral veillonella spp.: relationship to colonization site and oral ecology.	the primary habitats of oral veillonellae are the tongue, dental plaque, and the buccal mucosa. isolates were obtained from each habitat and tested for coaggregation with a battery of other oral bacterial strains. all 59 tongue isolates tested for coaggregation were veillonella atypica or veillonella dispar. all but one of them coaggregated with strains of streptococcus salivarius, a predominant inhabitant of the tongue surface but not subgingival dental plaque. these tongue isolates were unable ...	1988	3178207
tetracycline resistance and tetm in oral anaerobic bacteria and neisseria perflava-n. sicca.	tetracycline-resistant organisms isolated from six patients with periodontal disease included bacteroides spp., eubacterium spp., fusobacterium nucleatum, neisseria perflava-n. sicca, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, veillonella parvula, and facultative streptococci. all but the bacteroides spp. and eubacterium spp. hybridized with the tetm determinant. an additional 417 bacterial strains were screened, and 4% of both the oral streptococci and the fusobacterium spp. hybridized with the tetm probe.	1988	3190205
sextuplibacterial endocarditis: a new world's record?		1988	3201306
fermentation products, amino acid utilization, maintenance energies and growth yields for the fibrillar streptococcus salivarius hb and a non-fibrillar mutant hb-b grown in continuous culture under glucose limitation.	the fibrillar strain streptococcus salivarius hb and a non-fibrillar mutant, strain hb-b, were grown in a defined medium under glucose limitation in a chemostat. fermentation balances were produced for both strains in batch culture and at growth rates between 0.1/h and 1.1/h. in batch culture both strains fermented glucose to lactate, but in continuous culture glucose was fermented to formate, acetate and ethanol with increasing amounts of lactate as the growth rate was increased. lactate never ...	1988	3204071
monobacterial and mixed bacterial plaques of streptococcus mutans and veillonella alcalescens in an artificial mouth: development, metabolism, and effect on human dental enamel.	to gain greater understanding of the role of streptococcus mutans and veillonella in the caries process, studies of both aerobically and anaerobically grown plaques of s. mutans c67-1 and v. alcalescens v-1 on human enamel slabs were carried out in an artificial mouth. plaque development, acid production, and demineralization were measured. early plaque development of monobacterial and mixed bacterial plaques started from randomly adhering cells on day 1 to confluent multilayered microcolonies o ...	1988	3214847
the presence of cytochromes in oral anaerobic bacteria, especially in bacteroides oralis.		1988	3255150
the long-term effects of daily rinsing with stannous fluoride or sodium fluoride on bacteria in dental plaque.		1988	3268790
[serotypes and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of veillonella spp. strains isolated from oral cavity of an individual].		1988	3271905
the predominant cultivable microbiota of active and inactive lesions of destructive periodontal diseases.	subgingival plaque samples were taken from active and inactive lesions in 33 subjects exhibiting active destructive periodontal diseases. active diseased sites were those which showed a significant loss of attachment within a 2-month interval as computed by the "tolerance method". the predominant cultivable species from 100 active sites were compared with those found in 150 inactive sites of comparable pocket depth and attachment level loss. among the 33 subjects, w. recta, b. intermedius, f. nu ...	1988	3292595
uv red fluorescence of veillonella spp.	a total of 34 clinical isolates and 7 type strains of veillonella spp. were tested for their ability to fluoresce on various culture media. fluorescence was medium dependent and varied among the species. scanning absorption spectrophotometry of culture extracts showed that the absorption spectrum of the fluorescent pigment is typical of a metal-free porphyrin.	1988	3343333
[sensitivity to an amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination, of deep tonsillar flora isolated in chronic tonsillitis].	deep tonsillar flora were identified in tonsils removed from 48 patients, children and adults, with chronic tonsillitis and recurrent sore throats or obstructive hypertrophy. most specimens (38/48) cultured multiple germs (2 to 5 different species) with aerobic and anaerobic gram+ and gram-forms, some being beta-lactamase producers. of the total of 135 strains isolated, 104 were aerobic and 31 anaerobic. the species of aerobic germs most frequently isolated were: apart from alpha-hemolytic strep ...	1988	3369805
the synergistic effect of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria.	the synergistic interaction of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime against 187 clinically significant anaerobic organisms was investigated. fusobacterium nucleatum, actinomyces odontolyticus, propionibacteria, lactobacilli, peptostreptococci, streptococcus intermedius and veillonella were sensitive to cefotaxime. both eubacterium lentum and streptococcus morbillorum were resistant. the susceptibility of the clostridia varied from 0.125 to greater than 256 mg/l; only 20% of species demonstrated sy ...	1988	3396488
microbial flora of surface versus core tonsillar cultures in recurrent tonsillitis in children.	surface and 'core' tonsillar specimens were collected from 60 children, between 2 and 14 years of age, suffering from recurrent tonsillitis, in order to establish the reliability of surface tonsillar swabbing technique and to define the most frequently involved aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. from the qualitative point of view, the same mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora were obtained in both samples thus demonstrating the reliability of the surface swabbing technique. from the quantitative ...	1988	3397235
microbiological and clinical effects of chlorhexidine digluconate and hydrogen peroxide mouthrinses on developing plaque and gingivitis.	while the ability of chlorhexidine (chx) to prevent plaque formation and inhibit the development of gingivitis has been well documented in the literature, the therapeutic value of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) in preventing gingivitis is in dispute. the purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and microbiological effects of an established therapeutic agent, such as chlorhexidine with that of h2o2 in the experimental gingivitis model. following a period of stringent oral hygiene, 32 subjects ...	1988	3422246
ruthenium red staining reveals surface fibrils and a layer external to the cell wall in streptococcus salivarius hb and adhesion deficient mutants.	ruthenium red staining revealed both the long and short classes of cell surface fibril in thin sections of streptococcus salivarius hb, indicating that the fibrils contained polyanionic polymers, probably polysaccharides. also visible was a 16.2 +/- 2.2 nm thick ruthenium red staining layer (rrl) outside the 16.7 +/- 2.2 nm thick cell wall. the fibrils could not be seen after conventional glutaraldehyde and osmium fixation. the rrl was protease resistant and was not involved in septum formation. ...	1988	2479709
[isolation of anaerobes during a 30-month observation at a hospital microbiology laboratory].	the authors evaluate retrospectively the results obtained from the research of anaerobial bacteria on 1313 samples received at the microbiology laboratory of the "ospedale civile di ivrea" over a period of 31 months (6/1/86-12/31/88). from this evaluation, high percentages of detection of anaerobic bacteria are emerging in the following infections: appendiculare abscesses (60%), intestinal operations (71%), wounds (57%), tubovarian abscesses (100%), as well as thoracic empyema (50%). also releva ...	1989	2490397
veillonellae: personal observation of a fatal bacteremia.		1989	2491305
bacterial meningitis caused by veillonella parvula.	a three-year-old girl injured her right eyelid with a toothbrush. the wound was sutured. swelling of the eyelid, high fever and vomiting developed in spite of oral antibiotics for seven days. the findings of the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) were white blood cells (wbc) 26,368/mm3 (90% polymorphs), protein 127 mg/dl, and sugar 0 mg/dl. although gram negative organisms were seen on the smear, aerobic culture was sterile. later culture of csf on admission grew anaerobic bacteria: veillonella parvula. ...	1989	2515742
purification and characterization of bacteriophage receptor on veillonella rodentium cells. phage-receptor on veillonella.	veillonellophage n2 adsorbed to polysaccharides (pss) on veillonella rodentium atcc 17743 cell wall, and the bacteriophage receptor contained only glucosamine. d(+)-glucosamine hydrochloride (sigma) also adsorbed the veillonellophage n2. these results therefore indicate that the receptor to the veillonellophage n2 is cell wall pss. the pss of the host cells as receptor have been characterized. glucosamine accounted for approximately 100% of the weight of the pss. the pss which were partially res ...	1989	2589854
the microflora associated with the development of initial enamel decalcification below orthodontic bands in vivo in children living in a fluoridated-water area.	thirty-four caries-free teeth destined for orthodontic extraction were banded to provide a protected area for the accumulation of plaque. the teeth were extracted at one, two, four, eight, and 14 days after being banded, and samples of the flora below the band were analyzed for the presence of streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus 'mitior', 'mutans streptococci', actinomyces viscosus, actinomyces naeslundii, actinomyces odontolyticus, lactobacillus species, and veillonella. after plaque sampling, ...	1989	2600252
metabolism of gentiopicroside (gentiopicrin) by human intestinal bacteria.	as a part of our studies on the metabolism of crude drug components by intestinal bacteria, gentiopicroside (a secoiridoid glucoside isolated from gentiana lutea), was anaerobically incubated with various defined strains of human intestinal bacteria. many species had ability to transform it to a series of metabolites. among them, veillonella parvula ss parvula produced five metabolites, which were identified as erythrocentaurin, gentiopicral, 5-hydroxymethylisochroman-1-one,5-hydroxymethylisochr ...	1989	2605687
an in vitro method to study the adherence of oral bacteria to hela cells.	exfoliated buccal epithelial cells have been widely used in microbial adherence studies, but present a number of problems due to their variable nature and to contamination with indigenous bacteria. an adherence assay was developed using hela cell monolayers which were washed with buffer, or treated with saliva or serum to mimic buccal or crevicular epithelial cells, respectively. a total of eighteen strains of oral bacteria tested showed a low affinity for untreated hela cells, but most strains ...	1989	2607993
the predominant cultivable microbiota of crevicular epithelial cells.	the purpose of the present investigation was to compare the composition of the predominant cultivable microbiota associated with gingival crevicular epithelial cells with that of the unattached microbiota recovered from the same site. samples were taken from 2 diseased sites from 8 periodontal patients, by scraping the epithelial lining of the pocket with a curette. the epithelial cells were separated from the unattached subgingival bacteria by centrifugation in a reduced 50% percoll density gra ...	1989	2628861
a microbiological study of early caries of approximal surfaces in schoolchildren.	a cross-sectional epidemiological study has been undertaken to relate the bacterial composition of approximal dental plaque with the earliest stages of caries development in schoolchildren. small samples of plaque were removed from multiple sites around the contact areas of 42 premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons from 29 schoolchildren (mean age = 13.5 yr). caries diagnosis was based on polarized light microscopy and contact microradiography of thin sections cut through the sample sites. ...	1989	2632599
expression of the surface properties of the fibrillar streptococcus salivarius hb and its adhesion deficient mutants grown in continuous culture under glucose limitation.	streptococcus salivarius hb and four adhesion deficient mutants, hb-7, hb-v5, hb-v51 and hb-b, were grown in continuous culture in a defined medium under glucose limitation over a range of growth rates from 0.1 to 1.1 h-1. the ability to coaggregate with veillonella parvula v1 cells and the ability to adhere to buccal epithelial cells did not alter with increasing growth rate. cell surface hydrophobicity decreased markedly with increasing growth rate for the non-fibrillar non-adhesive mutant hb- ...	1989	2632665
[comparative study of the antimicrobial effect of various cavity liners used in conservative dentistry].	we have compared the microbiological activity of the following cavity liners: life, dycal ii, calcipulpe, pure calcium hydroxide and cavitec; against five different bacterial strains: veillonella parvula, bacteroides fragilis, peptococcus s.p., staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus beta hemolytic: the results demonstrate the higher antimicrobial activity of the manufactured cavity liners with calcium hydroxide base in comparison with the pure calcium hydroxide.	1989	2638022
detection of immunodominant antigens of periodontopathic bacteria in human periodontal disease.	sonicated whole cell extracts and outer membrane proteins (omp) from bacteroides gingivalis and veillonella parvula were analysed by the immunoblot technique using sera from 103 patients with various forms of periodontal disease and from 31 control subjects. b. gingivalis sonicate contained 12 major bands (75-14 kda) of which the 46, 27 and 14 kda antigens reacted more frequently with sera from adult and young adult patients with severe periodontitis compared with sera from controls and mild per ...	1989	2639300
cytotoxicity against various cell lines of lipopolysaccharides purified from bacteroides, fusobacterium, and veillonella isolated from infected root canals.	the cytotoxicity against two mesenchymal cell lines, l-929 and wi-38, and two epithelial cell lines, kb and hela s-3, of lipopolysaccharide (lps) purified from strains of bacteroides gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum, and veillonella parvula isolated from infected root canals was investigated. the inhibition of cell growth by these lps's was considerable for mesenchymal cell lines, but mild for epithelial cell lines. the cytotoxic effect of f. nucleatum lps was the greatest and that of b. ging ...	1989	2639950
subgingival microflora, dental and periodontal conditions in patients with hereditary fructose intolerance.	hereditary fructose intolerance (hfi) is a rare autosomally recessive disease which leads to severe hypoglycemia. the fructose-free diet of these patients apparently influences dental health. half of the patients are free of caries, but there are no reports on their periodontal condition nor on the composition of their subgingival microflora. therefore 18 patient with hfi were examined for the following parameters: radiographic bone loss, caries rate, gingival bleeding, occurrence of calculus, p ...	1989	2704977
a cervicofacial infection due to veillonella parvula in a patient with myxoedema.		1989	2713184
'a cervicofacial infection due to veillonella parvula in a patient with myxoedema'.		1989	2751904
bacterial flora in chronic tonsillitis.	a study of aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora in chronic tonsillitis revealed a total of 59 isolates. aerobic flora from the surface swab was found in 80%, from the core of the tonsil in 92% and from both the surface and the core in 68% of the cases. there were 30 aerobic isolates from the surface and 29 isolates from the core. mixed flora were present from the surface and the core in 10 and 7 cases, respectively. pathogens were seen in 36% of the cases from the surface and in 40% from the co ...	1989	2759695
colony counts and characterization of bacteria adherent to the rumen wall and desquamated epithelial cells in conventional young lambs.	characterization and enumeration of the adherent epimural community of the rumen wall of young, conventionally reared lambs were carried out from 2 to 21 days after birth. three hundred strains were isolated by anaerobic procedures from three sites: dorsal, ventral, and caudal sacs, and from the sloughed epithelial cells. the population of epimural bacteria was very dense from the first days of the lamb's life. this population increased slightly with age. during the first week the counts were si ...	1989	2766120
coaggregation of fusobacterium nucleatum, selenomonas flueggei, selenomonas infelix, selenomonas noxia, and selenomonas sputigena with strains from 11 genera of oral bacteria.	twenty-eight strains of fusobacterium nucleatum and 41 selenomonas strains, including s. sputigena (24 strains), s. flueggei (10 strains), s. infelix (5 strains), and s. noxia (2 strains), were tested for their ability to coaggregate with each other and with 49 other strains of oral bacteria representing actinobacillus, actinomyces, bacteroides, capnocytophaga, gemella, peptostreptococcus, porphyromonas, propionibacterium, rothia, streptococcus, and veillonella species. selenomonads coaggregated ...	1989	2777378
effect of periodontal status of rotary electric toothbrushes vs. manual toothbrushes during periodontal maintenance. ii. microbiological results.	we compared the use of a rotary electric toothbrush with conventional toothbrushing for their effectiveness in modulating the subgingival microbiota. forty subjects who had received periodontal treatment for moderate to advanced periodontitis and were on 3-month periodontal maintenance were divided into two equal groups matched for age and sex. one group used only the rotary tooth cleaner and the other group used conventional toothbrushing, dental floss, and toothpicks for 12 months. subgingival ...	1989	2778609
the bacteriology of bronchiectasis in hong kong investigated by protected catheter brush and bronchoalveolar lavage.	bacteria often colonize the lower respiratory tract of patients with bronchiectasis. although the role of these bacteria in the pathogenesis of the disease is uncertain, their accurate identification is important for epidemiologic and treatment purposes. therefore, the aims of this study were: (1) to identify these bacteria in patients with bronchiectasis without cystic fibrosis using the protected catheter brush (pcb) in order to avoid oropharyngeal contamination, and (2) to compare the results ...	1989	2912333
coaggregation of black-pigmented bacteroides species with other oral bacteria.	coaggregation of bacteroides gingivalis and other black-pigmented bacteroides with several oral bacteria was studied with "reagent" strains specially prepared by methods that have been described previously. b. gingivalis coaggregated with veillonella, capnocytophaga and actinomyces spp., but not with any streptococcus spp. coaggregation of b. gingivalis with other bacteria was inhibited and reversed by lactose. of the asaccharolytic black-pigmented bacteroides, only b. gingivalis demonstrated an ...	1989	2913312
the carboxyltransferase activity of the sodium-ion-translocating methylmalonyl-coa decarboxylase of veillonella alcalescens.	methylmalonyl-coa decarboxylase of veillonella alcalescens catalyzed the isotopic exchange between methylmalonyl-coa and [1-14c]propionyl-coa or between malonyl-coa and [1-14c]acetyl-coa. the exchange was independent of sodium ions and was abolished by avidin. the enzyme also catalyzed the carboxyl transfer reaction from methylmalonyl-coa to acetyl-coa yielding propionyl-coa and malonyl-coa, and vice versa. the beta subunit was dissociated from methylmalonyl-coa decarboxylase by prolonged washin ...	1989	2920730
[anaerobic bacteria and their role in recurrent tonsillitis].	the presence of anaerobic bacteria in 100 palatal tonsils obtained during the tonsillectomy, was evaluated in quality and in quantity. 17 species of anaerobic bacteria were found. the most frequent were: bacteroides melaninogenicus, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, peptostreptococcus intermedius, propionibacterium, veillonella parvula and peptococcus asaccharolyticus. in most evaluations their density was 10(5)-10(6) in gram of tonsil tissue, sometimes 10(7). its role in recurrent tonsils infectio ...	1990	1981606
sensitivity of oral bacteria to imipenem and other antibiotics.	specimens from a variety of oral and maxillofacial infections were cultured and 88 bacterial isolates belonging to the genera bacteroides, actinomyces, staphylococcus, veillonella, eubacterium, streptococcus and aerococcus were obtained. these were tested for their sensitivity to imipenem, penicillin, cefuroxime, vancomycin, erythromycin and fusidic acid. imipenem proved to be the most effective of the antibiotics tested, inhibiting all 88 isolates. penicillin was the least effective in that it ...	1990	2084496
an in vitro method to study the adherence of bacteria to saliva-treated tooth enamel sections.	an in vitro bacterial adherence assay which employed human tooth enamel sections precoated with saliva and an epifluorescent staining technique with acridine orange was developed. the assay was used to study the adherence properties of fresh and type strains of the following oral bacterial species: bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, capnocytophaga species, haemophilus aphrophilus, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, peptostreptococcus species, veillonella species, actinomyces isr ...	1990	2087341
isolation and characterization of coaggregation-defective mutants of veillonella atypica.	spontaneously occurring coaggregation-defective mutants of veillonella atypica pk1910 were isolated and used to study the interactions of veillonella with streptococcus sanguis, strep. gordonii and strep. sm. three classes of mutants were isolated. the first class failed to participate in lactose-inhibitable coaggregations with streptococcal cells. the second class of mutants failed to coaggregate by the lactose-non-inhibitable interactions. the third group, isolated from the first group, failed ...	1990	2088215
effect of granulocytopenia on oral microbial relationships in patients with acute leukemia.	risk for acute infection increases as granulocyte levels decrease secondary to myelosuppressive chemotherapy in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (anll). acute exacerbations of concomitant inflammatory periodontal diseases can result in systemic infections in these patients. however, host-oral bacterial relationships in the periodontium in patients with anll are not well understood. twenty-one adult patients with anll with periodontal disease ranging from gingivitis to severe periodont ...	1990	2124667
[microbiological composition of dental plaque using sprague dawley rats as an experimental model].	in this study, the microbiological composition of the dental plaque in 12 male sprague-dawley rats was determined. analysis using the light microscope showed the presence of nine colonies which suggested the presence of cocci, (6) diplococci (1) and rods. (2) five of the bacteria were gram positive and three were gram negative. the morphological characteristic suggested the presence of actinomyces in the case of gram positive rods; fusobacterium in the case of gram negative rods; neisseria and v ...	1990	2131736