Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| salmonella infection increases porcine antibacterial peptide concentrations in serum. | pr-39 is a multifunctional neutrophil peptide involved in host defense and inflammation. to investigate the involvement of pr-39 in a salmonella choleraesuis infection, a pr-39 enzyme immunoassay was developed. the concentrations of pr-39 in serum were 13.6 +/- 1.9 ng/ml before challenge and increased (p < 0.01) threefold by 10 to 14 days postinfection. peripheral blood neutrophil counts paralleled the changes in the concentrations of pr-39 in serum, both returned to basal values by 4 weeks post ... | 1997 | 9384306 |
| pathogenicity islands: important but not unique factors contributing to salmonella virulence. | 1997 | 9402697 | |
| size and sequence polymorphism in the isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase gene (acek) and flanking regions in salmonella enterica and escherichia coli. | the sequence of acek, which codes for the regulatory catalytic enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase (idh k/p), and sequences of the 5' flanking region and part or all of the 3' flanking region were determined for 32 strains of salmonella enterica and escherichia coli. in e. coli, the acek gene was 1734 bp long in 13 strains, but in three strains it was 12 bp shorter and the stop codon was taa rather than tga. strains with the shorter acek lacked an open reading frame (f728) downstr ... | 1997 | 9409817 |
| characterisation of integrons and antibiotic resistance genes in danish multiresistant salmonella enterica typhimurium dt104. | the presence and genetic content of integrons was investigated in eight salmonella enterica typhimurium dt104 isolates from different pig herds in denmark. two different integrons were identified using pcr and sequencing. each of the integrons carried a single resistance cassette in addition to the sul1 and qace delta 1 genes characteristic of integrons. the first integron encoded the ant (3")-ia gene that specified resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin. the second contained the pse-1 bet ... | 1997 | 9418253 |
| correlation of conversion of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis phage type 1, 4, or 6 to phage type 7 with loss of lipopolysaccharide. | studies of pairs of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolates from different poultry flocks showed that phage type (pt) 7 may be derived from pt 1, 4, and 6. the conversion appeared to be associated with loss of lipopolysaccharide. it is concluded that pt 7 may be of little value as an epidemiological marker of s. enterica serovar enteritidis. | 1997 | 8968942 |
| predominant appearance of nk1.1+ t cells producing il-4 may be involved in the increased susceptibility of mice with the beige mutation during salmonella infection. | c57bl/6 mice with the beige mutation (beige mice) showed a high susceptibility to infection with salmonella choleraesuis compared with c57bl/6 (b6) control mice, as assessed by bacterial number in the peritoneal cavity and the liver. the appearance of nk1.1+ cd3- nk cells was significantly suppressed, while nk1.1+ t cells were increased in the peritoneal cavity of beige mice after salmonella infection. the expression level of il-4 mrna was much higher in freshly isolated nk1.1+ t cells of the in ... | 1997 | 9036974 |
| salmonella spondylitis. | we report a case of salmonella spondylitis in an adolescent without sickle cell disease or any history of salmonella gastroenteritis. the infecting organism (cultured from material aspirated from the bone lesion) was salmonella enterica serovar newport. with nonoperative treatment, evolution was favorable. | 1997 | 9039673 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa b-band o-antigen chain length is modulated by wzz (ro1). | the wbp gene cluster, encoding the b-band lipopolysaccharide o antigen of pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype o5 strain pao1, was previously shown to contain a wzy (rfc) gene encoding the o-antigen polymerase. this study describes the molecular characterization of the corresponding wzz (rol) gene, responsible for modulating o-antigen chain length. p. aeruginosa o5 wzz has 19 to 20% amino acid identity with wzz of escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, and shigella flexneri. knockout mutations of the ... | 1997 | 9045803 |
| recent horizontal transmission of plasmids between natural populations of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. | seventy-one natural isolates obtained from a salmonella reference collection were examined for the presence of plasmids closely related to the escherichia coli f plasmid. the collection consists of several serovars of the s. enterica typhimurium complex, subspecies i, to which 99% of pathogenic salmonellae belong. molecular genetic techniques of dna hybridization, along with pcr and dna sequencing, were used to examine the occurrence, distribution, and genetic diversity of f-like plasmids among ... | 1997 | 9045822 |
| identification of bacterial cells by chromosomal painting. | chromosomal painting is a technique for the microscopic localization of genetic material. it has been applied at the subcellular level to identify regions of eukaryotic chromosomes. here we describe the development of bacterial chromosomal painting (bcp), a related technology for the identification of bacterial cells. purified genomic dnas from six bacterial strains were labeled by nick translation with the fluorochrome fluor-x, cy3, or cy5. the average size of the labeled fragments was ca. 50 t ... | 1997 | 9055426 |
| safety and efficacy of an avirulent live salmonella choleraesuis vaccine for protection of calves against s dublin infection. | to evaluate the safety and efficacy of avirulent live salmonella choleraesuis strain 54 (sc54) as a vaccine to protect calves against salmonellosis caused by s dublin. | 1997 | 9055972 |
| relatedness and phylogeny within the family of periplasmic chaperones involved in the assembly of pili or capsule-like structures of gram-negative bacteria. | the structure of a salmonella enterica serovar typhi gene located within the fim gene cluster and encoding a putative periplasmic chaperone-like protein involved in the assembly of type 1 pili was determined. this gene, named fimc, has the ability to encode a 26-kda polypeptide which is similar, at the sequence level, to the papd periplasmic chaperonin mediating the assembly of p pili of escherichia coli, as well as to other periplasmic chaperone-like proteins involved in the biogenesis of pili ... | 1997 | 9060396 |
| molecular cloning, sequence analysis and functional characterization of the gene kdsa, encoding 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonate-8-phosphate synthase of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the kdsa gene encoding 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonate-8-phosphate (kdo-8-p) synthase of chlamydia psittaci 6bc was cloned by complementing the temperature-sensitive kdsa mutant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium ag701i50. the sequence analysis of a recombinant dna fragment revealed an open reading frame of 807 nucleotides which codes for a polypeptide of 269 amino acids with a high degree of similarity to known kdsa proteins. in addition, alignments of kdo-8-p synthases with bacterial and f ... | 1997 | 9063447 |
| comparative genetics of the inv-spa invasion gene complex of salmonella enterica. | the chromosomal region containing the salmonella enterica pathogenic island inv-spa was present in the last common ancestor of all the contemporary lineages of salmonellae. for multiple strains of s. enterica, representing all eight subspecies, nucleotide sequences were obtained for five genes of the inv-spa invasion complex, invh, inve, inva, spam, and span, al of which encode proteins that are required for entry of the bacteria into cultured epithelial cells. the inve, inva, spam, and span gen ... | 1997 | 9068645 |
| identification of additional genes required for o-antigen biosynthesis in vibrio cholerae o1. | the cloning and expression of the genes encoding the vibrio cholerae o1 lipopolysaccharide o antigen in a heterologous host have been described previously (p. a. manning, m. w. heuzenroeder, j. yeadon, d. i. leavesley, p. r. reeves, and d. rowley, infect. immun. 53:272-277, 1986). it was thus assumed that all the genes required for o-antigen expression were located on a 20-kb saci restriction fragment. we present evidence for a number of other as yet undescribed genes that are essential for o-an ... | 1997 | 9079898 |
| occurrence of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis phage types in the slovak republic. | phage typing of 741 isolates of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis from the slovak republic in 1995 has been carried out using the scheme of ward and colleagues (1987). 202 strains (51 isolated from food) were from 9 outbreaks, 536 isolates were from sporadic cases and 3 isolates were from nosocomial infections of new-born babies. 704 isolates (95%) from all sources were typeable and belonged to 7 different phage types (pts). pt8 was the phage type most frequently identified (72.6%). other ... | 1997 | 9085013 |
| amelioration of bacterial genomes: rates of change and exchange. | although bacterial species display wide variation in their overall gc contents, the genes within a particular species' genome are relatively similar in base composition. as a result, sequences that are novel to a bacterial genome-i.e., dna introduced through recent horizontal transfer-often bear unusual sequence characteristics and can be distinguished from ancestral dna. at the time of introgression, horizontally transferred genes reflect the base composition of the donor genome; but, over time ... | 1997 | 9089078 |
| on-farm monitoring of mouse-invasive salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and a model for its association with the production of contaminated eggs. | mice (mus musculus) captured in henhouses were assessed for the presence of salmonellae in spleens. of 621 and 526 spleens cultured during the first and second years of collection, 25.0 and 17.9%, respectively, were positive for salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. contaminated eggs were cultured from nine houses during the first year of sampling, and for eight of these houses, serovar enteritidis was recovered from the spleens of mice. rank sum statistical analysis of positive mouse spleens ... | 1997 | 9097453 |
| the evaluation of a fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of salmonella species in food commodities. | the taqman ls-50b pcr detection system facilitates the automated and direct detection of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products. the system employs the 5' nuclease activity of taq dna polymerase to hydrolyse a salmonella specific internal fluorogenic probe for monitoring the amplification of a 287-bp region of the salmonella inva gene. using the fluorogenic 5' nuclease assay, 164 salmonella strains representing all the subspecies of salmonella enterica were detected while over 50 non-salmonell ... | 1997 | 9105933 |
| the specificity of sty ski, a type i restriction enzyme, implies a structure with rotational symmetry. | the type i restriction and modification (r-m) enzyme from salmonella enterica serovar kaduna ( sty ski) recognises the dna sequence 5'-cgat(n)7gtta, an unusual target for a type i r-m system in that it comprises two tetranucleotide components. the amino target recognition domain (trd) of sty ski recognises 5'-cgat and shows 36% amino acid identity with the carboxy trd of eco r124i which recognises the complementary, but degenerate, sequence 5'-rtcg. current models predict that the amino and carb ... | 1997 | 9108149 |
| rapid detection of salmonella enterica with primers specific for irob. | the irob gene of salmonella enterica is absent from the chromosome of the related organism escherichia coli. we determined the distribution of this gene among 150 bacterial isolates, representing 51 serotypes of different salmonella species and subspecies and 8 other bacterial species which are frequent contaminants during routine enrichment procedures by southern hybridization. an irob-specific dna probe detected homologous sequences in all strains of s. enterica, including serotypes of s. ente ... | 1997 | 9114411 |
| role of sefa subunit protein of sef14 fimbriae in the pathogenesis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | in this study, the role of the sefa subunit protein of sef14 fimbriae in the pathogenesis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis was investigated. this was accomplished by mutating the sefa gene in the chromosome of two strains of s. enterica serovar enteritidis by allelic exchange with a copy that has been inactivated by interruption with a nonpolar kanamycin resistance (apha-3) cassette. the effect of this mutation on the ability of the s. enterica serovar enteritidis strains to colonize t ... | 1997 | 9009334 |
| detection of the induction of salmonella enterotoxin gene expression by contact with epithelial cells with rt-pcr. | all strains of salmonella enterica investigated were found to carry the salmonella enterotoxin gene (stn) as determined by pcr and hybridization studies. however, when using cho-k1 cells for testing the toxicity of the strains, not all strains showed a toxic effect (cell elongation) on the cells or did so only at a low level. the cultivation of salmonella in contact with epithelial cells (iec-6) led to an increase in the production of toxin. the stn gene expression was detectable with the help o ... | 1997 | 9011037 |
| identification and characterization of the dtdp-rhamnose biosynthesis and transfer genes of the lipopolysaccharide-related rfb locus in leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. | immunity to leptospirosis is principally humorally mediated and involves opsonization of leptospires for phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils. the only protective antigen identified to date is the leptospiral lipopolysaccharide (lps), which biochemically resembles typical gram-negative lps but has greatly reduced endotoxic activity. little is known about the structure of leptospiral lps. a 2.1-kb ecori fragment from the chromosome of serovar copenhageni was cloned in puc18 in escherichia ... | 1997 | 9023210 |
| induction of tnf-alpha mrna in murine macrophages by virulent and avirulent strains of salmonella choleraesuis serovar typhimurium and serovar choleraesuis. | tnf-alpha mrna induction in murine macrophages by virulent and avirulent salmonella strains was measured in vitro by rt-pcr method. virulence plasmid-cured strains of s. choleraesuis serovar typhimurium and serovar choleraesuis, and rpos-defective mutant of s. choleraesuis serovar typhimurium induced significantly higher level of tnf-alpha mrna than their parent (virulent) strains in macrophages of c3h/hen mice. when macrophages of lps-low responder (c3h/hej) mice were used, the difference of th ... | 1997 | 9032763 |
| genetic typing methods applied to the differentiation of clonal lines among salmonella enterica serogroup g strains causing human salmonellosis. | in spain, in november 1995, an epidemiological alert recommended the surveillance of salmonella serogroup g. the nine clinical isolates collected after and the four collected before the alert in asturias were differentiated into six clonal lines by the combination of results from hincii ribotyping, pcr ribotyping, and rapd typing using primers named a and s. the seven gumpensis isolates showed identical dna fingerprinting with the four typing procedures falling into a line. six of these were col ... | 1997 | 9453391 |
| national surveillance of poultry diseases in lebanon. | from 1992 to mid-1996, a national survey of poultry diseases in lebanon was conducted. this surveillance included meat breeder, layer breeder, commercial layer and chicken broiler flocks. the history, signs, lesions and laboratory tests of poultry were used in the diagnosis of prevalent poultry diseases. culture techniques were used to screen for bacterial diseases; serological techniques and, to a lesser extent, culture techniques were used to diagnose viral diseases; and both serological and c ... | 1997 | 9567302 |
| invasion and persistence of salmonella in human fibroblasts positive or negative for endogenous hla b27. | analysis of the interaction of enteropathogenic bacteria with hla b27 transfected murine fibroblasts showed a specific influence of hla b27 on microbial invasiveness. this possible novel mechanism for the action of hla b27 should be verified by using endogenous hla b27 positive and negative human fibroblasts as a model for the direct interaction of arthritogenic bacteria and host cells. | 1997 | 9462170 |
| [the biological activity of the transfer factor induced by bacterial antigens]. | today's statement of transfer factor, an immunostimulator derived from leukocytes which enhances antiinfectious immunity, is observed in the review. basic biological, physical and chemical characteristics of the transfer factor, its possible action mechanisms, and laboratory and clinical methods of use to cure infectious fungal (candida, coccidium), invasive (schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, cryptosporidiosis), viral (varicella zoster, ophthalmic herpes, herpes simplex types 1 and 2, h. zoster, h ... | 1997 | 9480022 |
| epidemiology and control of egg-associated salmonella enteritidis in the united states of america. | the isolation rate for salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (se) in humans in the united states of america (usa) increased from 1,207 sporadic isolates identified in 1976 (0.6 isolates/100,000 population) to 10,201 identified in 1995 (4.0/100,000 population). the proportion of reported salmonella isolates which were se increased from 5% to 25% during the same time period. in 1990, 1994, and 1995, se was the most commonly reported reported salmonella serotype in the usa. much of this increase ... | 1997 | 9501367 |
| plasmid profile analysis and antibiotic resistance of salmonella strains from clinical isolates in cluj-napoca. | resistance patterns, plasmid profiles and the genetic resistance determinants were investigated in 38 isolates of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium and 19 isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis derived from children hospitalized in two clinics in cluj-napoca, during the period of 1995-1997. incidence of plasmid and antibiotic resistance was very high in salmonella typhimurium isolates. all strains were resistant to almost all antibiotics tested but susceptible to the third ge ... | 1997 | 9745325 |
| attachment of salmonella choleraesuis choleraesuis to beef muscle and adipose tissues. | the attachment of salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis atcc 15790 to beef muscle and adipose tissues was investigated. s. choleraesuis was found to adhere in higher numbers to muscle than to fat. the charge and the hydrophobicity of the surface of s. choleraesuis were evaluated by measurement of electrophoretic mobility, the contact angle with water, adhesion to hexadecane, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. the overall negative charge of s. choleraesuis was masked by the high el ... | 1997 | 10465034 |
| fingerprinting of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis by ribotyping. | objective: to carry out an epidemiologic evaluation of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis outbreaks in households and small communities by means of rrna gene restriction pattern analysis (ribotyping). methods: one hundred enteritidis isolates dating from 1989 to 1994 which could be allocated epidemiologically to different sources or to small community outbreaks were investigated with ribotyping, a fingerprinting method in which bacterial dna is hybridized with the biotin-lab ... | 1997 | 11864109 |
| computer-assisted restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid dna in field strains of salmonella enteritidis. | computer-assisted restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid dna in field strains of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) is described. the procedure consists of plasmid dna purification, its digestion with restriction endonuclease taqi, electrophoresis, charge-coupled device camera scanning of the gels, and an analysis of the restriction patterns with the software gel manager. the system allowed us to analyse, in detail, results of plasmid profiling in more than 600 field ... | 1998 | 10347865 |
| evolution of host adaptation in salmonella enterica. | 1998 | 9746553 | |
| identification of two laminin-binding fimbriae, the type 1 fimbria of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and the g fimbria of escherichia coli, as plasminogen receptors. | escherichia coli strains carrying recombinant plasmids encoding either the type 1 fimbria of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium or the g fimbria of e. coli exhibited binding of human 125i-glu-plasminogen and enhanced the tissue-type plasminogen activator-catalyzed conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. purified type 1 or g fimbriae similarly bound plasminogen and enhanced its activation. the binding of plasminogen did not involve the characteristic carbohydrate-binding property of the fimbri ... | 1998 | 9746604 |
| multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium infections. | 1998 | 9750090 | |
| restriction enzyme analysis of randomly amplified polymorphic dna amplicons of salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis pt4 and typhimurium dt104. | salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis pt4 and typhimurium dt104 isolates were characterized using a random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) protocol found previously to be highly discriminatory for isolates of salmonella. profiles generated with a single primer 1254, and independently 1283, successfully characterized an outbreak strain of enteritidis pt4 but could not differentiate epidemiologically unrelated strains of enteritidis pt4 from the outbreak strains. primer 1254 differentia ... | 1998 | 9750319 |
| [disinfection of medical and surgical equipment: efficacy of chemical disinfectants and water and soap]. | in this experimental study we compared the previous descontamination efficacy of the medical surgical materials by the use of chemical disinfectants and the mechanical cleaning with water and soap, as well as verified the organic material interference in these procedures. to carry out this study, we used surgical pincers under contamination with: staphylococcus aureus atcc-6538, salmonella cholerae suis atcc-10708, and pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc-15442 in presence and absence of organic matter ( ... | 1998 | 9752260 |
| isolation and characterization of salmonella enterica weltevreden cytotoxin. | cytotoxin of salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar weltevreden (bm-1643), isolated from buffalo meat, was purified and characterized physicochemically and immunologically. cell-free culture supernatant (cfcs) of the organism showing marked cytotoxicity to vero cells and least enterotoxicity to rabbit ligated ileal loop (rlil) model, was salt precipitated with ammonium sulphate (60% saturation level) and dialysed. precipitated dialysed preparation (60% pdp) when filtered through sephade ... | 1998 | 9754063 |
| antibiotic resistance in salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | in order to analyse the development of antibiotic resistance in salmonella spp., a total of 262 salmonella strains isolated in 1987 (n = 148) and in 1996 (n = 114) from clinical specimens in wurzburg, germany, were tested in parallel by the agar diffusion method. in 1987. most of the strains were salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (42.6%), whereas in 1996 most were salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (68.4%). the majority of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis isolates was fully ... | 1998 | 9758275 |
| [benign intracranial hypertension after treatment with pefloxacin]. | 1998 | 9759304 | |
| multiple change-point analysis applied to the monitoring of salmonella prevalence in danish pigs and pork. | in the nation-wide salmonella control program in denmark, the occurrence of salmonella enterica in pork, pigs at slaughter and herds is monitored. the objective of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate changes in sero-prevalence of meat juice samples and in the occurrence of salmonella enterica in pork in 1995 and 1996. three sets of data were used in this work: (1) serological test results of meat juice samples from pigs at slaughter (approximately 14000 samples per week); (2) bacte ... | 1998 | 9762734 |
| sequencing of escherichia coli o111 o-antigen gene cluster and identification of o111-specific genes. | shiga toxin (stx)-producing escherichia coli strains of serogroup o111 are the most frequently isolated non-o157 strains causing outbreaks of gastroenteritis with hemolytic-uremic syndrome. the o111 o-antigen gene cluster had been cloned and about half of it has been sequenced; we have now sequenced the remainder of the gene cluster, which is 12.5 kb in length and which comprises 11 genes. on the basis of sequence similarity, we have identified all the o-antigen genes expected, including five su ... | 1998 | 9774562 |
| extraintestinal salmonellosis in a general hospital (1991 to 1996): relationships between salmonella genomic groups and clinical presentations. | episodes of extraintestinal salmonellosis treated at a general hospital (1,522 beds) over a 6-year period (1991 to 1996) were characterized by the analysis of phenotypic and genotypic traits of salmonella organisms and clinical data from medical reports. extraintestinal salmonellosis accounted for 8% of all salmonellosis episodes. fifty-two medical reports, dealing with 6 cases of typhoid fever, 32 cases of bacteremia, and 14 focal infections, were reviewed. all cases of typhoid fever except 1, ... | 1998 | 9774581 |
| molecular basis for structural diversity in the core regions of the lipopolysaccharides of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. | bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps) are unique and complex glycolipids that provide characteristic components of the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria. in lps of the enterobacteriaceae, the core oligosaccharide links a highly conserved lipid a to the antigenic o-polysaccharide. structural diversity in the core oligosaccharide is limited by the constraints imposed by its essential role in outer membrane stability and provides a contrast to the hypervariable o-antigen. the genetics of core ... | 1998 | 9791168 |
| [quinolone resistance in salmonella enterica]. | nalidixic acid resistance is a marker of quinolone sensibility in salmonella spp. in our laboratory we observed an increase of nalidixic acid resistant strains from 0.44% in 1990 to 13.7% in 1996. the purpose of this work was to study the evolution of nalidixic acid resistance in salmonella spp., as well as the association with certain serotypes and the cross-resistance to others agents. a total of 1,782 isolates of salmonella enterica were studied from fecal and blood sources over a 7-year peri ... | 1998 | 9795288 |
| supplement 1997 (no. 41) to the kauffmann-white scheme. | this supplement reports the characterization of 15 new salmonella serovars recognized in 1997 by the who collaborating centre for reference and research on salmonella: 8 were assigned to s. enterica subsp. enterica, 4 to subspecies salamae, 2 to subspecies diarizonae, and 1 to subsp. houtenae. in addition, the antigenic factors h:z85 and h:z87 are described and one modification to the kauffmann-white scheme is reported. | 1998 | 9795998 |
| response of salmonella choleraesuis lt2 spheroplasts and permeabilized cells to the bacteriocin as-48. | the bacteriocin as-48 was not active against intact cells of salmonella choleraesuis lt2 at neutral ph, but it was very effective on spheroplasts, suggesting that the outer membrane (om) acts as a protective barrier. cells sublethally injured by heat or treated with om-permeabilizing agents (i.e., edta and tris) became sensitive to as-48. the combination of two or more treatments decreased the amount of as-48 required for cell killing. the activity of as-48 against heat-injured cells did not cha ... | 1998 | 9797335 |
| inter- and intra-phage type differentiation of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis isolates using molecular typing methods. | seventy-six salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolates which represented 14 phage types and rdnc isolates were investigated by several independent molecular methods. eleven different plasmid profiles were detected. plasmid-encoded virulence genes of the spv gene cluster were shown by hybridization with a spvb/c gene probe to be located on plasmids of either 55 kbp or 95 kbp. ribotyping as performed with gene probes that recognized either the entire rrn oper ... | 1998 | 9809400 |
| molecular characterization of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium dt009 isolates: differentiation of the live vaccine strain zoosaloral from field isolates. | a total of 25 epidemiologically unrelated salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovar typhimurium dt009 isolates from various human and animal sources, the original s. typhimurium dt009 zoosaloral live vaccine strain and two zoosaloral strains reisolated from vaccinated chickens were investigated by various molecular typing methods (i) to determine the most suitable method or combination of methods for the differentiation of dt009 field isolates and (ii) to investigate which molecular metho ... | 1998 | 9809427 |
| outbreak of salmonella serotype hartford infections associated with unpasteurized orange juice. | acidic foods such as orange juice have been thought to be unlikely vehicles of foodborne illness. | 1998 | 9809731 |
| phage types of australian isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar virchow. | australian isolates (79) of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar virchow (salmonella virchow) were characterized by phage typing. thirteen phage types were identified, of which phage type (pt) 8, representing 54 of 79 isolates, was predominant, as it had been in england and wales up to 1994 when it was replaced by pt26. other phage types identified in australia were distinct from those observed in england and wales. this suggests that pt8 may be a global phage type, while others may be di ... | 1998 | 9812398 |
| shigella infection as observed in the experimentally inoculated domestic pig, sus scrofa domestica. | the domestic pig, sus scrofa domestica, was investigated as a potential animal model for shigellosis. we examined the effects of pig age, pig breed and antibiotic pretreatment upon shigella infection. shigella dysenteriae, and shigella flexneri (both virulent and avirulent strains) were utilized. our results indicated that young (4-week-old), conventionally re ared, domestic pigs were routinely, but briefly, colonized (average=3.5+/-2.5 days) following oral or gavage administration ofs. flexneri ... | 1998 | 9817822 |
| molecular fingerprinting defines a strain of salmonella enterica serotype anatum responsible for an international outbreak associated with formula-dried milk. | molecular analyses based on plasmid profile typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis have defined a strain of salmonella enterica serotype anatum associated with the consumption of a particular brand of formula-dried milk responsible for an outbreak in late 1996/early 1997 involving 15 infants and 2 relatives in the uk, and 2 infants in france. the study has demonstrated the value of laboratory-based surveillance involving identification of the outbreak strain at the molecular level coupled w ... | 1998 | 9825779 |
| pathogenicity in isolates of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis pt4 which differ in rpos expression: effects of growth phase and low temperature. | experiments with 2 wild type isolates of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis pt4, which differed in rpos expression, tolerance to certain hostile environments and pathogenicity, found that changes in in vitro acid, heat, or peroxide tolerance had no effect on the ability of the isolates to multiply in the spleens of c57/bl7/j mice infected orally. thus, with the pathogenic rpos-positive isolate, the infectivity of log phase chilled cells, which are profoundly acid-sensitive, was the same as ... | 1998 | 9825780 |
| molecular and functional characterization of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium poxa gene: effect on attenuation of virulence and protection. | salmonella enterica poxa mutants exhibit a pleiotropic phenotype, including reduced pyruvate oxidase activity; reduced growth rate; and hypersensitivity to the herbicide sulfometuron methyl, alpha-ketobutyrate, and amino acid analogs. these mutants also failed to grow in the presence of the host antimicrobial peptide, protamine. in this study, poxa- mutants of s. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) were found to be 10,000-fold attenuated in orally inoculated balb/c mice and 1,000-fold ... | 1998 | 9826331 |
| class 1 integron-borne multiple-antibiotic resistance carried by incfi and incl/m plasmids in salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | the presence and genetic content of integrons were investigated for 37 epidemiologically unrelated multiple-drug-resistant strains of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium from humans. all isolates were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and trimethoprim, as well as to tetracycline and/or nalidixic acid; 20% of them were also resistant to gentamicin and amikacin. three different class 1 integrons (in-t1, in-t2, and in-t3) were identified by southe ... | 1998 | 9835490 |
| james carroll: a biography. | james carroll was born in england in 1854; at the age of 15, he emigrated to canada where he worked at various odd jobs. at age 20, he crossed the border and volunteered for the us army, in which he remained for the rest of his life. appointed as hospital steward, he became interested in medicine. he was permitted to take basic courses at st paul university and later at bellevue hospital in new york. he received his md degree in 1891 from the university of maryland while still a sergeant. he the ... | 1998 | 9845758 |
| phylogenetic profiles: a graphical method for detecting genetic recombinations in homologous sequences. | phylogenetic profiles constitute a novel way of graphically displaying the coherence of the sequence relationships over the entire length of a set of aligned homologous sequences. using a sliding-window technique, this method determines the pairwise distances of all sequences in the windows and evaluates, for each sequence, the degree to which the patterns of distances in these regions agree. this method is suited for exploring data consistency as well as detecting recombinant sequences. a compu ... | 1998 | 9501499 |
| the ins and outs of virulence gene expression: mg2+ as a regulatory signal. | the facultative intracellular pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium faces multiple environments during infection, including different cell types as well as extracellular fluids. we propose that salmonella ascertains its cellular location by assessing the mg2+ concentration of its milieu. a signal transduction system, phop/phoq, signals salmonella its presence in a intracellular (low mg2+) or extracellular (high mg2+) environment, thereby promoting transcription of genes required for s ... | 1998 | 9504051 |
| iron, a novel outer membrane siderophore receptor characteristic of salmonella enterica. | speciation in enterobacteria involved horizontal gene transfer. therefore, analysis of genes acquired by horizontal transfer that are present in one species but not its close relatives is expected to give insights into how new bacterial species were formed. in this study we characterize iron, a gene located downstream of the irobc operon in the iroa locus of salmonella enterica serotype typhi. like irobc, the iron gene is present in all phylogenetic lineages of s. enterica but is absent from clo ... | 1998 | 9515912 |
| structural and immunochemical studies of two cross-reactive proteus mirabilis o-antigens, o6 and o23, containing beta1-->3-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose residues. | a marked serological cross-reactivity was observed by elisa and a precipitation test between anti-proteus mirabilis o23 serum and the lipopolysaccharide as well as the o-specific polysaccharide from the proteus mirabilis strain belonging to serogroup o6. the structures of the o-specific polysaccharides were elucidated using chemical and nmr spectroscopic analyses, and the only common component, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranose (beta-d-glcnac), was revealed, which was suggested to be resp ... | 1998 | 9525774 |
| the assembly system for the lipopolysaccharide r2 core-type of escherichia coli is a hybrid of those found in escherichia coli k-12 and salmonella enterica. structure and function of the r2 waak and waal homologs. | in escherichia coli f632, the 14-kilobase pair chromosomal region located between waac (formerly rfac) and waaa (kdta) contains genes encoding enzymes required for the synthesis of the type r2 core oligosaccharide portion of lipopolysaccharide. ten of the 13 open reading frames encode predicted products sharing greater than 90% total similarity with homologs in e. coli k-12. however, the products of waak (rfak) and waal (rfal) each resemble homologs in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium but ... | 1998 | 9535865 |
| variation of the ribosomal operon 16s-23s gene spacer region in representatives of salmonella enterica subspecies. | the 16s-23s spacer regions of two ribosomal operons (rrna and rrne) have been sequenced in seven representatives of the salmonella enterica subspecies. isolated nucleotide substitutions were found at the same sites as in escherichia coli but the number of polymorphic sites was much larger, as could be expected for a more heterogeneous species. still, as in e. coli, most of the variation found was due to insertions and/or deletions affecting blocks of nucleotides generally located at equivalent r ... | 1998 | 9555898 |
| mosaic structure of the smpb-nrde intergenic region of salmonella enterica. | the salmonella enterica smpb-nrde intergenic region contains about 45 kb of dna that is not present in escherichia coli. this dna region was not introduced by a single horizontal transfer event, but was generated by multiple insertions and/or deletions that gave rise to a mosaic structure in this area of the chromosome. | 1998 | 9555907 |
| phylogenetic relationships of salmonella based on dna sequence comparison of atpd encoding the beta subunit of atp synthase. | dna sequences covering 57% of atpd encoding the beta subunit of atp synthase were determined for 16 strains of salmonella enterica, two strains of s. bongori, and one strain each of citrobacter freundii and yersinia enterocolitica, and comparison was made with the published escherichia coli and enterobacter aerogenes sequences. the phylogenetic tree based on maximum-likelihood analysis showed separation of the subspecies of s. enterica except for two serotypes of subspecies ii which were unsuppo ... | 1998 | 9561735 |
| general transducing phages like salmonella phage p22 isolated using a smooth strain of escherichia coli as host. | a smooth colony strain, resistant to phages lambda and p22, was isolated from sewage and identified as escherichia coli (strain h). four temperate phages plaquing on strain h were isolated from sewage. the archetype, hk620, does not plaque on strains c and k12 of e. coli nor on the lt2 strain of salmonella enterica. bacterial mutants resistant to a clear plaque mutant of hk620 produce rough colonies. some are also galactose-negative, a few are histidine auxotrophs, and most show sensitivity to l ... | 1998 | 9561740 |
| a substrate of the centisome 63 type iii protein secretion system of salmonella typhimurium is encoded by a cryptic bacteriophage. | salmonella enterica has evolved a type iii protein secretion system that allows these enteropathogens to translocate effector molecules directly into the host cell cytoplasm. these effectors mediate a variety of responses, including cytoskeletal rearrangements, cytokine production, and in certain cells, the induction of apoptosis. we report here the characterization of a substrate of this secretion system in s. enterica serovar typhimurium (salmonella typhimurium) that is homologous to the sope ... | 1998 | 9482928 |
| characterization of the nonlamellar cubic and hii structures of lipid a from salmonella enterica serovar minnesota by x-ray diffraction and freeze-fracture electron microscopy. | the aggregate structures of lipid a, the 'endotoxic principle' of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps), from rough mutant salmonella enterica sv. minnesota r595 was analyzed at different water content, cation (mg2+) concentration, and temperature applying synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction and, in selected cases, freeze-fracture electron microscopy. the x-ray diffraction spectra prove the existence of different lamellar, mixed lamellar/cubic, various cubic, and inverted hexagonal (hii) struct ... | 1998 | 9488999 |
| distribution of chromosome length variation in natural isolates of escherichia coli. | large-scale variation in chromosome size was analyzed in 35 natural isolates of escherichia coli by physical mapping with a restriction enzyme whose sites are restricted to rdna operons. although the genetic maps and chromosome lengths of the laboratory strains e. coli k12 and salmonella enterica sv. typhimurium lt2 are highly congruent, chromosome lengths among natural strains of e. coli can differ by as much as 1 mb, ranging from 4.5 to 5.5 mb in length. this variation has been generated by mu ... | 1998 | 9491600 |
| characterisation of integrons and antibiotic resistance genes in danish multiresistant salmonella enterica typhimurium dt104. | the presence and genetic content of integrons was investigated in eight salmonella enteritica typhimurium dt104 isolates from different pig herds in denmark. two different integrons were identified using pcr and sequencing. each of the integrons carried a single resistance cassette in addition to the sull and qace delta 1 genes characteristic of integrons. the first integron encoded the ant (3")-1a gene that specified resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin. the second contained the pse-1 b ... | 1998 | 9495010 |
| lectin-like activity of escherichia coli k88, salmonella choleraesuis, and bifidobacteria pseudolongum of porcine gastrointestinal origin. | the lectin-like activity of escherichia coli k88, salmonella choleraesuis, and bifidobacteria pseudolongum of porcine gastrointestinal origin was studied by hemagglutination (ha) and ha inhibition assays. although all the bacterial strains were able to agglutinate porcine and lagomorpna erythrocytes, much higher ha titers were consistently observed for b. pseudolongum than for e. coli k88 or s. choleraesuis. proteinaceous components and glycoproteins were responsible for the ha of e. coli k88 an ... | 1998 | 9498365 |
| relationships among the o-antigen gene clusters of salmonella enterica groups b, d1, d2, and d3. | the o antigen is an important cell wall antigen of gram-negative bacteria, and the genes responsible for its biosynthesis are located in a gene cluster. we have cloned and sequenced the dna segment unique to the o-antigen gene cluster of salmonella enterica group d3. this segment includes a novel o-antigen polymerase gene (wzyd3). the polymerase gives alpha(1-->6) linkages but has no detectable sequence similarity to that of group d2, which confers the same linkage. we find the remnant of a d3-l ... | 1998 | 9473060 |
| escherichia coli molecular phylogeny using the incongruence length difference test. | molecular phylogeny of the species escherichia coli using the e. coli reference (ecor) collection strains has been hampered by (1) the absence of rooting in the commonly used phenogram obtained from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mlee) data and (2) the existence of recombination events between strains that scramble phylogenetic trees reconstructed from the nucleotide sequences of genes. we attempted to determine the phylogeny for e. coli based on the ecor strain data by extracting from genba ... | 1998 | 9866203 |
| comparison of ribotyping and arbitrarily primed pcr for molecular typing of salmonella enterica and relationships between strains on the basis of these molecular markers. | arbitrarily primed pcr (ap-pcr) using a discriminatory 10-mer primer and an automated ecori ribotyping technique (riboprinter) were compared for their ability to discriminate between 100 serovars of salmonella, including multiple isolates representing salm. enteritidis pt4 and salm. typhimurium dt104. profiles generated by each method were subjected to numerical analysis using gelcompar software, resulting in the construction of phylogenetic trees and calculation of simpson's numerical index of ... | 1998 | 9871312 |
| application of recombinant fimbrial protein for the specific detection of salmonella enteritidis infection in poultry. | a number of disease outbreaks of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (se) in humans have been traced to the consumption of se-contaminated egg and egg products. a rapid, specific, and inexpensive method of detecting se infection in poultry is necessary to reduce human outbreaks. we evaluated rsef14 fimbrial antigen of se for specific detection of se-infected birds in latex agglutination test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. rsef14 antigen was highly specific in identifying birds infec ... | 1998 | 9884830 |
| an outbreak of food poisoning associated with restaurant-made mayonnaise in abha, saudi arabia. | in may 1996, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred among customers who bought dinner from a restaurant that specialised in fried chicken in abha city, south-west saudi arabia. the median incubation period was 10 hours (range: 3 to 27 hours). of the 10 food items served, only mayonnaise (rr 2.52; 95% ci 1.71-3.73) and minced garlic (rr 1.20; 95% ci 1.02-1.41) were associated with cases. salmonella enterica was isolated from 124 (84%) of the 159 persons with symptoms of food poisoning, and 91 (7 ... | 1998 | 9919018 |
| emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium phage-type dt104 among salmonellae causing enteritis in israel. | the relative frequency of salmonella strains isolated from hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients in southern israel changed during the period, 1994-6. salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium definitive phage-type 104 (dt104) appeared in israel in 1994 and became the most prevalent strain in 1996. an outbreak of enteritis due to salmonella enterica serotype agona occurred in israel, in october 1994 and lasted for 4 months. the relative frequency of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis r ... | 1998 | 10030704 |
| risk factors for the occurrence of sporadic salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis infections in children in france: a national case-control study. | to determine risk factors associated with the occurrence of sporadic cases of salmonella enteritidis infections among children in france, we conducted a matched case-control study. cases were identified between 1 march and 30 september 1995. one hundred and five pairs of cases and controls matched for age and place of residence were interviewed. in the 1-5 years age group, illness was associated with the consumption of raw eggs or undercooked egg-containing foods (or 2.4, 95% ci 1.2-4.8). storin ... | 1998 | 10030705 |
| a study of current trends in enteric fever. | the results of a study based on 68 cases of blood culture proven enteric fever are presented. sensitivity to chloramphenicol, ampicillin and cotrimoxazole was found to be 55.88, 54.41, 38.23% respectively. common clinical features were fever, vomiting, pain abdomen and cough in both the groups. there was no difference in complications in chloramphenicol sensitive against resistant cases. of the chloramphenicol sensitive cases, 21.05% were resistant to cefotaxime. all cases were sensitive to cipr ... | 1998 | 10093424 |
| emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium dt104 infections in the united states. | strains of salmonella that are resistant to antimicrobial agents have become a worldwide health problem. a distinct strain of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium, known as definitive type 104 (dt104), is resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline and has become a major cause of illness in humans and animals in europe, especially the united kingdom. | 1998 | 9571252 |
| multidrug resistance--a sign of the times. | 1998 | 9571260 | |
| a mixed culture recovery method indicates that enteric bacteria do not enter the viable but nonculturable state. | a new method, called the mixed culture recovery (mcr) method, has been developed to determine whether recovery of culturable bacterial cells from a population of largely nonculturable cells is due to resuscitation of the nonculturable cells from a viable but nonculturable state or simply to growth of residual culturable cells. the mcr method addresses this issue in that it involves the mixing of two easily distinguishable strains (e.g., lactose positive and negative) in such a way that large num ... | 1998 | 9572945 |
| differential early interactions between salmonella enterica serovar typhi and two other pathogenic salmonella serovars with intestinal epithelial cells. | salmonella enterica serovar typhi (hereafter referred to as s. typhi) is a host-restricted pathogen that adheres to and invades the distal ileum and subsequently disseminates to cause typhoid fever in humans. however, s. typhi appears to be avirulent in small animals. in contrast, other pathogenic salmonellae, such as s. enterica serovars typhimurium and dublin (s. typhimurium and s. dublin, respectively), typically cause localized gastroenteritis in humans but have been used as models for typho ... | 1998 | 9573122 |
| biosynthesis of escherichia coli o9 polysaccharide and its evolution. | 1998 | 9575544 | |
| tetracycline resistance in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin. | the 47-kbp plasmid pgft1 from salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin mediated tetracycline resistance via a tet(a) gene located on an integrated copy of a tn1721-analogous transposon. the integration site of the transposon was located within the reading frame of a fip gene. plasmid pgft1 was shown to be conjugative and to be able to replicate and express tetracycline resistance in escherichia coli. | 1998 | 9593170 |
| variants of smooth salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis that grow to higher cell density than the wild type are more virulent. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis that grows to a higher cell density (se-hcd) than wild type while retaining o-chain lipopolysaccharide was isolated by transforming wild type serovar enteritidis with the cell density sensor plasmid psb402 and selecting for bioluminescence. a luminescent strain, se-hcd, that emitted light in proportion with cell density and opacity through stationary phase was isolated. after a peak cell density of 1.5 x 10(11) cfu/ml was observed, luminescence decreased, ... | 1998 | 9603830 |
| herd size and sero-prevalence of salmonella enterica in danish swine herds: a random-effects model for register data. | the association between herd size and sero-prevalence of salmonella was assessed in a random-effects model with herd size, county and date of slaughter as fixed effects. a total of 510,915 meat-juice samples from 14,593 herds located in 13 counties in denmark was included in the study. a random-effects model was developed from separate models for smaller strata of data from herds with approximately equal sizes. the combined model was analysed and the results reported. herd size was positively as ... | 1998 | 9604267 |
| stability and bactericidal activity of chlorine solutions. | to determine the stability of sodium hypochlorite (diluted household bleach) when stored for 30 days in various types of containers and to determine the efficacy of low concentrations of free available chlorine to inactivate test bacteria. | 1998 | 9613692 |
| suitability of repetitive-dna-sequence-based pcr fingerprinting for characterizing epidemic isolates of salmonella enterica serovar saintpaul. | three molecular typing methods, repetitive-sequence-based pcr (rep-pcr) fingerprinting, plasmid profiling, and arbitrarily primed pcr fingerprinting, were used to characterize isolates of salmonella enterica serovar saintpaul. most of the isolates were obtained from epidemic human cases of food-borne salmonellosis, together with some from the food material suspected to be the source of infection, and a few were obtained from other cases apparently not related to the epidemic. all three methods a ... | 1998 | 9620375 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities and molecular epidemiology of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis strains isolated in hong kong from 1986 to 1996. | the incidence of salmonellosis has been increasing in hong kong since 1989. the most common salmonella enterica serotype isolated in 1994 was s. enteritidis. the antimicrobial susceptibilities and molecular epidemiology of 275 s. enteritidis strains isolated in this locality between 1986 and 1996 were studied. over 99% of the isolates were susceptible to 17 of the 19 antimicrobial agents tested. one isolate harbored an autotransferring plasmid that confers resistance to tetracycline and trimetho ... | 1998 | 9620402 |
| molecular fingerprinting of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhi. | for epidemiologic investigations, the primary subdivision of salmonella typhi is vi-phage typing; 106 vi-phage types are defined. for multidrug-resistant strains the most common types have been m1 (pakistan) and e1 (india, pakistan, bangladesh, and the arabian gulf); a strain untypable with the vi phages has been responsible for a major epidemic in tajikistan. most often, isolates from the indian subcontinent have been resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, tetracy ... | 1998 | 9621206 |
| multicellular and aggregative behaviour of salmonella typhimurium strains is controlled by mutations in the agfd promoter. | a colony morphology type is described in which cells of salmonella typhimurium form a rigid multicellular network with expression of thin aggregative fimbriae that mediate tight intercellular bonds. surface translocation of cells on plates and adherence to glass and polystyrene surfaces in biofilm assays are further characteristics of the morphotype. this morphotype (rdar) is normally expressed only at low temperature. however, in two unrelated s. typhimurium strains, spontaneous mutants were fo ... | 1998 | 9622351 |
| molecular typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar hadar: evaluation and application of different typing methods. | a highly discriminatory molecular typing system for isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovar hadar was developed based on the data obtained from 34 epidemiologically unrelated s. hadar isolates from germany and brazil. plasmid profile analysis and macrorestriction analysis with the enzymes xbai, spei and blni represented the most discriminative typing methods. in contrast, ribotyping as performed with a gene probe that recognized the entire rrn operon did not reveal any diffe ... | 1998 | 9631533 |
| identification and sequence analysis of a 27-kilobase chromosomal fragment containing a salmonella pathogenicity island located at 92 minutes on the chromosome map of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2. | using a genomic approach, we have identified a new salmonella pathogenicity island, spi-4, which is the fourth salmonella pathogenicity island to be identified. spi-4 was located at 92 min on the chromosome map and was flanked by the ssb and soxsr loci. the dna sequence covering the entire spi-4 and both boundaries was determined. the size of spi-4 was about 25 kb and it contains 18 putative open reading frames (orfs). three of these orfs encode proteins that have significant homology with prote ... | 1998 | 9632606 |
| yersinia pseudotuberculosis and yersinia pestis show increased outer membrane permeability to hydrophobic agents which correlates with lipopolysaccharide acyl-chain fluidity. | the hydrophobic probe n-phenyl-1-naphthylamine accumulated less in non-pathogenic yersinia spp. and non-pathogenic and pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica than in yersinia pseudotuberculosis or yersinia pestis. this was largely due to differences in the activity of efflux systems, but also to differences in outer membrane permeability because uptake of the probe in kcn/arsenate-poisoned cells was slower in the former group than in y. pseudotuberculosis and y. pestis. the probe accumulation rate w ... | 1998 | 9639922 |
| salmonella virulence plasmid. modular acquisition of the spv virulence region by an f-plasmid in salmonella enterica subspecies i and insertion into the chromosome of subspecies ii, iiia, iv and vii isolates. | the spv operon is common to all salmonella virulence plasmids. dna hybridization analysis indicates that the spv region is limited in distribution to serovars of salmonella enterica subspecies i, ii, iiia, iv, and vii and is absent from salmonella bongori isolates. among strains of subspecies ii, iiia, and vii, all isolates examined contained sequences that hybridized with the spv region. however, among isolates of subspecies i, dna sequences capable of hybridizing with the spv region were found ... | 1998 | 9649513 |
| typhaea stercorea (coleoptera: mycetophagidae), a carrier of salmonella enterica serovar infantis in a danish broiler house. | in december 1994, salmonella enterica serovar infantis (s. infantis) was accidentally introduced into a danish broiler house by stocking an s. infantis-infected broiler flock of 39,900 day-old chicks. at the time of the study, the infection had persisted through 6 broiler cycles. typhaea stercorea (l.), the hairy fungus beetle, was found in large quantities inside and around the broiler house. various attempts to control the beetle had failed; t. stercorea had been uncontrollable on the farm sin ... | 1998 | 9650515 |
| chromosomal rearrangements in salmonella enterica serotype typhi affecting molecular typing in outbreak investigations. | salmonella enterica serotype typhi strains belonging to eight different outbreaks of typhoid fever that occurred in spain between 1989 and 1994 were analyzed by ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. for three outbreaks, two different patterns were detected for each outbreak. the partial digestion analysis by the intron-encoded endonuclease i-ceui of the two different strains from each outbreak provided an excellent tool for examining the organization of the genomes of epidemiologicall ... | 1998 | 9650981 |