Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
regulation of the expression of the n gene of bacteriophage lambda.a quantitative assay for the n protein of bacteriophage lambda has been used to study the in vivo regulation of n gene expression. the assay makes use of the observation that in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system from escherichia coli programmed with lambdan(-) dna the lambda endolysin is made only if n protein is added to the reaction. the rate of synthesis of n protein in vivo is negatively controlled by the products of the ci and tof genes of the phage. furthermore, n protein activity is ...19734568728
indirect ultraviolet induction and curing in e. coli cells lysogenic for bacteriophage lambda. 19734568843
[induction of mutations and repairs in a lambda phage--e. coli system following ultraviolet irradiation]. 19734589269
isolation of the bacteriophage lambda receptor from escherichia coli.a factor which inactivates the phage lambda can be extracted from escherichia coli. this factor is a protein and is located in the outer membrane of the bacterial envelope. it is found in extracts of strains which are sensitive to phage lambda, but not in extracts of strains specifically resistant to this phage. we conclude that this factor is the lambda receptor, responsible for the specific adsorption of the phage lambda to e. coli cells. a partial purification of the lambda receptor is descri ...19734201774
purification and properties of the gamma-protein specified by bacteriophage lambda: an inhibitor of the host recbc recombination enzyme.previous experiments have indicated that the gam gene of bacteriophage lambda is responsible for an inhibition of the recbc dnase-an enzyme that is essential for the major host pathway of genetic recombination. we report here experiments that define the inhibitor as the protein product of the gam gene ("gamma-protein") and that characterize the inhibition reaction with highly purified preparations of gamma-protein and recbc dnase. genetic characterization was performed with partially purified fr ...19734275917
thermal asymmetry of site-specific recombination by bacteriophage lambda. 19734610989
lambda phage dna: joining of a chemically synthesized cohesive end.the chemically synthesized dodecamer d(pa-g-g-t-c-g-c-c-g-c-c-c) was annealed, and was covalently joined to lambda phage dna with bacterio-phage t(4) ligase. the 5'-end of the dodecamer was joined to a deoxyguanosine residue. repair with dna polymerase i established that the position of joining was the left-hand end of lambda dna. this is the first time that a chemically synthesized oligonucleotide has been covalently joined to a naturally occurring dna molecule.19734566655
in vitro assembly of bacteriophage lambda heads.the assembly of plaque-forming particles in cell-free extracts of induced lambda lysogens was observed two ways. (i) dna isolated from a lambda-related phage, 434 for example, is added to an extract of an induced lambda lysogen, and plaque-formers with the genotype of the added dna are detected. (ii) one extract from an induced lambda lysogen that carries an amber mutation in one of the head genes (a, b, c, d, or e) is mixed with one carrying an amber mutation in a different head gene; an increa ...19734509659
multiple repressor binding at the operators in bacteriophage lambda.short dna duplexes are protected when lambda dna is digested with nuclease in the presence of lambda repressor. as the ratio of repressor to operator is increased, six successively larger fragments are recovered, ranging in size from 35 to 100 base pairs, each of which binds repressor. study of these fragments indicates that, at each of the two lambda operators (o(l) and o(r)), repressor first binds to a unique site (not necessarily terminal), and that five additional sites are then filled in li ...19734514322
regulation by n gene protein of phage lambda of anthranilate synthetase synthesis in vitro.the n protein of bacteriophage lambda is a positive regulator of early lambda gene expression. in a lambdatrp transducing phage, lambdatrp46nam, the synthesis of trp enzymes in vivo is also dependent on the presence of active n protein. the dna of this phage has been used in a protein-synthesizing system in vitro to develop a biochemical assay for the activity of the n protein. from the following observations it appears that it is the n protein itself that stimulates trp enzyme synthesis in vitr ...19734515605
the 3'-terminal nucleotide sequences of bacteriophage lambda dna.analyses of radioactive oligonucleotides in endonuclease digests of 3'-terminally labeled lambda dna revealed the 3' terminal sequence -gttacg for the l strand and -acccgcg for the r strand. these sequences, together with those previously known for the 5' cohesive ends, provide a total of 25 known base-pairs in the vicinity of the termini. when the cohesive ends are paired, the sequence between the nicks can be bisected by a 2-fold rotational axis of symmetry. five of the first eight base-pairs, ...19734515613
isolation of the operators of phage lambda. 19734515906
genetic mapping of the inversion loop in bacteriophage mu dna.an inversion loop seen in heteroduplex mapping of the dna of mature mu phage induced from a lysogen is observed also in defective lambda phage carrying one end of mu. 14% of the dna of mu, including this region, designated the g loop, is shown to be to the right of all known genes in the prophage map. the inhomogeneous ends of mu are observed as a separate phenomenon and appear in all mutants investigated. the reca and recbc functions of the host are not needed for the inversion responsible for ...19734516210
alignment of two dna helices: a model for recognition of dna base sequences by the termini-generating enzymes of phage lambda, 186, and p2.based on the 3'- and 5'-terminal sequences of dna of phage lambda, p2, and 186, a model is proposed for recognition of dna sequences by enzymes responsible for generation of cohesive ends. two copies of the cohered ends, either on separate molecules or on a concatemer, are aligned with their helical axes parallel but running in opposite directions. the nicking system is dimeric, with each of the two monomers carrying identical sequence-recognition sites. two pairs of nicks are introduced into th ...19734517677
the capsid structure of bacteriophage lambda. 19734125251
[a bacterial mutation augmenting the frequency of lysogenation by lambda phage]. 19734128299
[study of the characteristics of lambda phage dna transfection in e. coli cells treated with cacl2. the dependence of transfection on the phase of culture growth. the effect of actinomycin on transfection]. 19734132141
the alleviation of host-controlled restriction of unmodified phages by functions of bacteriophage lambda. 19734133568
ultraviolet-sensitive mutator strain of escherichia coli k-12.an ultraviolet (uv)-sensitive mutator gene, mutu, was identified in escherichia coli k-12. the mutation mutu4 is very close to uvrd, between mete and ilv, on the e. coli chromosome. it was recessive as a mutator and as a uv-sensitive mutation. the frequency of reversion of trpa46 on an f episome was increased by mutu4 on the chromosome. the mutator gene did not increase mutation frequencies in virulent phages or in lytically grown phage lambda. the mutu4 mutation predominantly induced transition ...19734345920
in vitro repression of the transcription of gas operon by purified gal repressor.we have studied the in vitro repression of gal mrna synthesis by the gal repressor from escherichia coli. by use of a four-step purification procedure involving chromatography on phosphocellulose, deae-cellulose, and an affinity resin, the gal repressor has been purified about 1600-fold from a crude cell extract. the purification was aided by use of a cell extract made after prophage induction of cells lysogenic for bacteriophage lambda that carries the gal repressor gene (galr). the highly puri ...19734346883
genetic and biochemical investigation of the escherichia coli mutant hfl-1 which is lysogenized at high frequency by bacteriophage lambda.the escherichia coli mutant hfl-1 is lysogenized at very high frequency by bacteriophage lambda. the normal requirement for the lambdaciii gene product in the establishment of repression is not observed in hfl-1 strains. these phenotypic characteristics are specified by a single locus at 82.5 min on the e. coli map in extremely close proximity to the pura gene, cotransduction frequencies ranging from 97 to 100% depending on the particular pura marker used. the lactose operon is shown to function ...19734352176
nucleotide sequence analysis with polynucleotide kinase and nucleotide "mapping" methods. 5'-terminal sequences of deoxyribonucleic acid from bacteriophages lambda and 424.the polynucleotide kinase reaction was used in analyses of complex mixtures of oligodeoxynucleotides which were fractionated by various two-dimensional nucleotide ;mapping' procedures. parallel ionophoretic analyses on deae-cellulose paper, ph2, and ae-cellulose paper, ph3.5, of venom phosphodiesterase partial digests of 5'-terminally labelled oligonucleotides enabled the sequence of the nucleotides to be deduced uniquely. a ;diagonal ionophoresis' method has been used with mixtures of nucleotid ...19734352720
isolation of a mutant of escherichia coli defective in cytosine-specific deoxyribonucleic acid methylase activity and in partial protection of bacteriophage lambda against restriction by cells containing the n-3 drug-resistance factor.a mutant (designated mec(-)) of escherichia coli f(+) 100 endo i(-)su(+) r(k) (-)m(k) (+) has been isolated which is defective in cytosine-specific deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) methylase activity. the dna of this mutant, as well as the dna of phages lambda and fd propagated in it, is virtually devoid of 5-methyl-cytosine (mec); in contrast, the mutation has no significant effect on the level of n(6)-methyladenine in dna. phage lambda grown on the mec(-) mutant is more strongly restricted by n-3-c ...19734353870
establishment of repression by bacteriophage lambda: lack of a direct regulatory effect of cyclic amp. 19734355115
nucleotide sequence analysis of dna. xii. the chemical synthesis and sequence analysis of a dodecadeoxynucleotide which binds to the endolysin gene of bacteriophage lambda. 19734358929
the roles of the lambda c3 gene and the escherichia coli catabolite gene activation system in the establishment of lysogeny by bacteriophage lambda.maximum lysogenization of e. coli by bacteriophage lambda requires both the lambdaciii gene function and the host catabolite gene activation system mediated by adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate. whereas considerable lysogenization occurs in the presence of either system alone, lysogenization is absolutely prevented in the absence of both systems. neither system is, however, required for efficient lysogenization when the host bears an hfl(-) mutation. it is argued that the normal function of t ...19744362632
threonine locus of escherichia coli k-12: genetic structure and evidence for an operon.three genes, thra, thrb, and thrc, were previously defined and localized in the threonine locus of escherichia coli k-12. thra, thrb, and thrc specify the enzymes aspartokinase i-homoserine dehydrogenase i, homoserine kinase, and threonine synthetase, respectively. a complementation analysis of the threonine cluster using derivatives of a lambda phage carrying the threonine genes (lambdadthr(c)) demonstrates that: (i) thrb and thrc each consist of a single cistron; and (ii) thra is composed of t ...19744364333
environmental mutagen testing in escherichia coli and phage lambda. 19744368684
effects of dimethylsulfoxide on the e. coli gal operon and on bacteriophage lambda in vivo. 19744369966
mutants of the n-3 r-factor conditionally defective in hspii modification and deoxyribonucleic acid-cytosine methylase activity.the n-3 drug resistance (r) factor specifies a deoxyribonucleic acid (dna)-cytosine methylase and a dna restriction-modification (hspii) system. we have isolated three independent mutants that are conditionally defective in their ability to modify bacteriophage lambda and to methylate dna-cytosine residues. the ratio of 5-methylcytosine to n(6)-methyladenine in bacterial dna and in the dna of phages lambda and fd was determined after labeling with [methyl-(3)h]methionine at various growth temper ...19744371329
[study of the antiviral activity of phage lambda and t2 lysates]. 19744375922
letter: capsid structure of bacteriophage lambda. 19744141737
an escherichia coli mutant which inhibits the injection of phage lambda dna. 19744132241
int-constitutive mutants of bacteriophage lambda.the constitutive production of small amounts of trpb enzyme in an escherichia coli strain carrying lambdaci857 prophage within the trpc gene has been examined in derivatives of this strain from which portions of the prophage have been deleted. enzyme production requires a site (p(i)) within the prophage close to the left prophage end. selection for mutants of this lysogen that grow on low concentrations of indole yielded two types of mutations within the prophage: (a) v2-type, in which all phage ...19744521054
protein fusion: a novel reaction in bacteriophage lambda head assembly.parts of two phage-coded head proteins, pe and pc, become fused during bacteriophage lambda head assembly. pe is the main structural component of lambda heads and pc is a minor head protein that is not found as such in mature heads. the bond joining the two proteins appears to be covalent and is not a disulfide bond. only a specific subset of the sequences of each protein is found in the fusion products, and these sequences are found in the products in equimolar amounts. two nearly identical fus ...19744524648
on the molecular basis of high negative interference.two models designed to account for high negative interference phenomena have been examined. one proposal suggests that many recombination events are the result of insertion of a small single-stranded segment of dna into a recipient molecule. an alternative explanation for the clustering of genetic exchanges is reduction to homozygosity of genetically heterozygous sites appearing within heteroduplex overlap regions. these proposals have been examined in phage lambda by analyzing the structure of ...19744524657
synthesis of bacteriophage lambda dna in vitro: requirement for o and p gene products.we have developed a cell-free system to study bacteriophage lambda dna replication. maximal dna synthesis in vitro requires the four deoxynucleoside triphosphates, atp, and exogenous lambda dna. dna synthesis requires the products of the phage o and p genes but is not inhibited by lambda repressor. the kinetics of synthesis is linear for 10-15 min; however, the product of synthesis amounts to only 0.5-1% of the added template dna. as judged by isopycnic analysis, extensive regions of the templat ...19744525790
in vitro genetic recombination of bacteriophage lambda.dna of bacteriophage lambda recombines in a cell-free extract prepared from an induced escherichia coli lysogen of bacteriophage lambda. the assay for recombination in vitro takes advantage of the ability of such an extract to package lambda dna and to assemble complete phage particles. for example, when lambda dna that has been extracted from phage with the immunity of 434 is added to an extract, infectious lambda imm 434 particles are produced. the precursor dna molecule in this packaging reac ...19744526306
bacteriophage lambda having ecori endonuclease sites only in the nonessential region of the genome.a derivative of lambda b221 that has lost by mutation all ecori restriction sites has been isolated by alternative growth on restrictive and nonrestrictive strains. it has an efficiency of plating equal to 1 on the restrictive strain. genetic cross of this bacteriophage with lambda plac5 imm21 gave rise to recombinants of intermediate restricting ratios. the analysis of the ecori endonuclease-cleaved dna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, compared with the genetic results, has permitted iden ...19744530273
control elements in the dna of bacteriophage lambda. 19744545512
separation and analysis of promoter sites in bacteriophage lambda dna by specific endonucleases. 19744546908
letter: the yield of single-strand breaks in the dna of bacteriophage lambda irradiated extra- and intracellularly with gamma-rays in oxic and anoxic conditions. 19744548053
functional abnormality of lambda phage particles from complemented fii-mutant lysates. 19744413519
physical mapping of the trp endpoint in the n-tl segment of phage lambda trpe-a. 19744415067
protein cleavage in bacteriophage lambda tail assembly. 19744415352
rec-mediated recombinational hot spot activity in bacteriophage lambda. i. hot spot activity associated with spi-deletions and bio substitutions.in order to survey the distribution along the bacteriophage lambda chromosome of rec-mediated recombination events, crosses are performed using conditions which block essentially all dna synthesis. one parent is density-labeled and carries a genetic marker in the left terminal lambda gene (a), while the other parent is unlabeled and carries a genetic marker in the right terminal lambda gene (r). both parents are deleted for the lambda recombination genes int and red, together with other recombin ...19744415484
rec-mediated recombinational hot spot activity in bacteriophage lambda. ii. a mutation which causes hot spot activity.crosses have been performed which identify phage mutants (chi) which cause recombinational hot spot activity in lambda. the hot spot activity is found in crosses of red(-) gam(-) chi(-) strains in rec(+) hosts; in the crosses reported here, both the chi(-) mutations and the hot spot are located near the right end of the chromosome. the hot spot occurs in standard crosses as well as under conditions which block dna synthesis, and is dependent on a functional host recb gene.-the chi mutation is sh ...19744415485
substitution mutation in bacteriophage lambda with new specificity for late gene expression. 19744415976
the distribution of crossovers along unreplicated lambda bacteriophage chromosomes.the distribution of crossovers along unreplicated chromosomes of bacteriophage lambda has been examined by determining the density distributions and genotypes of particles in the progenies of crosses of density-labeled by ordinary parents in the presence of genetic blocks to replication. the red and rec systems combined produce crossovers primarily near the ends (especially the right end) of the chromosome. removal of the generalized lambda recombination functions by red and gam mutations result ...19744416166
structure of isometric viruses containing nonidentical polypeptide chains.the theory of caspar and klug (1962) for the structure of isometric viruses has been generalized to the case in which the identical repeating unit is composed of n nonidentical polypeptide chains. this modified theory accounts for the structure of picornaviruses, the lambda phage head, cowpea mosaic virus, and phix174, while at the same time conserving the principle of having identical subunits in identical environments. furthermore, the modified theory suggests amending the triangulation number ...19744418754
connection of the right-hand terminus of dna to the proximal end of the tail in bacteriophage lambda. 19744419247
diversity of regulation of genetic transcription. ii. specific relaxation of polarity in read-through transcription of the translocated trp operon in bacteriophage lambda trp. 19744427375
[verification of the mutagenicity of phage lambda dna for rat somatic cells]. 19744432297
deletions and insertions in the immunity region of coliphage lambda: revised measurement of the promoter-startpoint distance. 19744432374
the effect of chloramphenicol and rifampicin on the "nicking" and "membrane attachment" of bacteriophage lambda dna. 19744432375
a regulator protein for the length determination of bacteriophage lambda tail. 19744437177
phage lambda dna packaging, in vitro. 19744437178
processing and assembly of the head of bacteriophage lambda. 19744437179
protein fusion during the assembly of phage lambda heads. 19744437180
extent and location of dna synthesis associated with a class of rec-mediated recombinants of bacteriophage lambda. 19744449124
comments on the arrangement of the morphogenetic genes of bacteriophage lambda. 19744453012
the rolling-circle replicative structure of a bacteriophage lambda dna. 19744455240
ultraviolet-induced mutation of bacteriophage lambda. induction by conjugation with ultraviolet irradiated donor cells. 19744457753
proceedings: maturation of phage lambda dna: dependence on replication and recombination. 19744461541
physical mapping of the att-n region of coliphage lambda: apparent oversaturation of coding capacity in the gam-ral segment. 19744466498
[formal analysis of genetic regulation circuits: control of immunity in bacteriophage lambda]. 19744466499
locations and amounts of major structural proteins in bacteriophage lambda. 19744476800
selective inhibition of the growth of bacteriophage lambda by experimental antileukaemic bisquaternary salts. 19744611770
induction of bacteriophage lambda with oxolinic and nalidixic acid. 19744611869
specific hydrolysis of the cohesive ends of bacteriophage lambda-deoxyribonucleic acid by micrococcus luteus ultraviolet exonuclease. 19744612037
control of transcription of the rex-cl region of bacteriophage lambda. 19744612329
the conditions of transfection of escherichia coli cells untreated with lysozyme. i. the effect of some factors on the efficiency of transfection with lambda phage dna. 19744612340
inactivation of transfecting dna by physical and chemical agents: influence of genotypes of phage lambda and host cells. 19744612352
progress toward a metabolic interpretation of genetic recombination of escherichia coli and bacteriophage lambda. 19744613608
altered reading of genetic signals fused to the n operon of bacteriophage lambda: genetic evidence for modification of polymerase by the protein product of the n gene. 19744613856
stimulation of rna chain initiation by the n gene protein of bacteriophage lambda. 19744614082
secondary-site attachment of coliphage lambda near the thr operon. 19744615174
characterization of bacteriophage lambda reverse as an escherichia coli phage carrying a unique set of host-derived recombination functions. 19744616090
bacteriophage lambda fii gene protein: role in head assembly. 19744616093
[heat induction of lambda-phage in e. coli spheroplasts. ii. decrease in the effectiveness of induction following spheroplast formation]. 19744616563
[the effect of slowly changing magnetic fields on lambda phage production by lysogenic k12 (lambda) e. coli bacteria]. 19744616567
[comparison between mode of incorporation of dap into murein and insertion of lambda phage receptor into the external membrane of e. coli]. 19744617542
a spheroplast assay for recombination in bacteriophage lambda dna. 19744206975
mechanism of inhibition of bacillus subtilis dna polymerase 3 by the arylhydrazinopyrimidine antimicrobial agents.arylhydrazinopyrimidines inhibit dna synthesis in bacillus subtilis by promoting formation of a specific, long-lived ternary complex with dna polymerase iii and the template-primer dna. dna polymerase iii contains an associated, single-strand-selective exonuclease which generates 5'-mononucleotides. drug inhibition of the nuclease similarly proceeds through formation of the ternary complex. the ternary complex was isolated by agarose chromatography. like inhibition of the nuclease, optimum forma ...19744213240
viable molecular hybrids of bacteriophage lambda and eukaryotic dna.a bacteriophage lambda strain has been constructed and a method developed by which dna from potentially any source can be covalently inserted through ecori cohesive ends into the middle of the lambda dna. these hybrid dnas can infect nonrestricting escherichia coli cells and can then propagate as plaque-forming phage. a unique feature of this lambda strain is that extra dna in the middle of its genome is required for plaque formation. a large number of such phages have been produced with e. coli ...19744216019
radiochemical purification of bacteriophage lambda integrase. 19744589454
indirect ultraviolet-reactivation of phage lambda.when an f(-) recipient escherichia coli k12 bacterium receives hfr or f-lac(+) dna from an ultraviolet-irradiated donor, its capacity to promote dna repair and mutagenesis of ultraviolet-damaged phage lambda is substantially increased. we call this phenomenon indirect ultraviolet-reactivation, since its features are essentially the same as those of ultraviolet-reactivation; this repair process occurs in pyrimidine dimer excision-deficient strains and produces clear plaque mutations of the restor ...19744589889
divergent orientation of transcription from the arginine gene ecbh cluster of escherichia coli.ribonucleic acid (rna) isolated from escherichia coli w3350 (f(-), arge(+)c(+)b(+)h(+)), in the absence of l-arginine, hybridizes with the separated leftward (l) and rightward (r) transcribing strands of the arginine transducing phage hphi80darge(+)c(+)b(+)h(+)ppc(+)imm(lambdaci857) deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) with a ratio of 30:70, respectively. in the presence of l-arginine and its intermediates, l-ornithine and l-citrulline, rna transcriptions from both the strands of the argecbh cluster were ...19744590481
[genetic system that controls ontogenesis in lambda phage]. 19744619258
some unsolved general problems of phage lambda development. 19744619339
lysogenization by bacteriophage lambda. ii. identification of genes involved in the multiplicity dependent processes. 19744619341
lysogenization by bacteriophage lambda. iii. multiplicity dependent phenomena occuring upon infection by lambda. 19744619342
size distribution and molecular polarity of newly replicated dna in escherichia coli.newly synthesized dna, in e. coli lysogenic for the phage lambda, was labeled by short pulses of [(3)h]-thymidine, isolated, and separated on the basis of size by alkaline sucrose density gradient centrifugation. the molecular polarity of this dna was determined by hybridization with each of the separated strands of lambda dna. the results show that, in the 3' to 5' direction, replication proceeds by synthesis of short chains that are subsequently joined to long dna. this is true for both a pola ...19744592688
interaction of bacterial and lambda phage recombination systems in the x-ray sensitivity of escherichia coli k-12.e. coli cells lysogenic for the thermoinducible prophage lambdaci857 can be transiently induced by a brief heat treatment. although this treatment does not kill the cells, some lambda products normally formed during vegetative phage development are made that can alter the response of host cells to x-irradiation by causing an increase in radioresistance. this increased resistance is particularly striking in the recombination-deficient recb-strain, which is normally much more radiosensitive than i ...19744592694
a model on the induction by uv irradiation of escherichia coli bacteria lysogenic with the bacteriophage lambda. 19744618942
purification of bacteriophage lambda int protein. 19744818553
termination of reduplication in phage lambda. 19744827776
[effect of mutations in genes n and p on the ability of uv-irradiated phage lambda to induce synthesis of colicin e1 in escherichia coli]. 19744830043
the formation of polymer genomes of coliphage lambda in multiply infected cells. 19744833539
evidence for post-transcriptional control of the morphogenetic genes of bacteriophage lambda. 19744835731
Displaying items 501 - 600 of 6653