Publications

[prevention of migraine with flunarizine and acetylsalicylic acid. a double-blind study].	30 children between 7 and 17 years suffering from at least 2 attacks/month of common or classical migraine since more than 1 year were studied. after clinical exclusion of symptomatic headache 4 weeks were documented by means of a migraine diary. prophylaxis with calcium entry blocker flunarizine (sibelium) or thromboxane a inhibitor acetylsalicylic acid (ass) was carried out in a double blind design for 3 months. medication was given as one dosage in the evening: 2-5 mg/kg kg ass or 5-10 mg flu ...	1987	3313023
induction of the five urea-cycle enzymes by glucagon in cultured foetal rat hepatocytes.	foetal hepatocytes obtained from rats at different stages were cultured in order to investigate the inducibility of the five urea-cycle enzymes by glucagon and dibutyryl cyclic amp (bt2camp). when 18.5-day-old hepatocytes were cultured for 3 days with 10(-7) m glucagon, the activities of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (cps), argininosuccinase (asl) and arginase were increased by 1.4-, 1.8- and 1.9-fold, respectively, as compared to controls. these effects were mimicked by 10(-4) m bt2camp, but t ...	1987	3328726
abnormal expression of surface immunoglobulin isotypes on antigen-binding b lymphocytes from mice tolerant to trinitrophenyl determinants.	temporary b-cell tolerance to the trinitrophenyl (tnp) hapten can be produced in bdf1 mice by intraperitoneal injection of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (tnbs). antigen-binding cells (abc) specific to tnp, measured as tnp donkey erythrocyte rosettes, are found in tolerant mice as well as in immune mice. we have studied the surface immunoglobulin isotype profile of these tnp-binding lymphocytes (tnp-abc) in four groups of animals: nonimmune, immune, tolerant, and tolerant-challenged. immune mice ...	1987	2439212
blood ammonia levels and hepatic encephalopathy induced by ccl4 in rats.	an investigation of the mechanism of development of hepatic encephalopathy induced by ccl4 was performed in rats. ccl4 (1.0 ml/kg three times per week for over 10 weeks) caused hepatic encephalopathy in 80% of the treated rats. accompanying the hepatic encephalopathy were hematemesis, abdominal dropsy, and hyperammonemia, conditions observed in hepatic coma patients. the blood ammonia levels were tremendously increased in only those rats with hepatic encephalopathy. hepatic activities of carbamy ...	1987	2962338
changes in nonspecific immunity factor in some equidae, camelidae and capridae species.	plasma lysozyme activity changed during the 2 years of the investigation period. in some species (e.g. ponies and goats) there are only seasonal fluctuations with the highest levels during summer and autumn in ponies and during winter in goats. in two camelidae species, guanacos and llamas, only, downward trends were found, whereas in donkeys, both types of changes: seasonal variations with the maximal level during autumn and an upward long-term trend were found.	1987	2882892
direct evidence for two distinct prosomatostatin converting enzymes. detection using a rapid, sensitive, and specific assay for propeptide converting enzymes.	many bioactive peptides are initially synthesized via larger precursors from which they are released by proteolytic cleavage at basic amino acids. some precursors contain more than one final product peptide, multiple copies of a single peptide, or both. different product peptides can be produced from a common precursor in different tissues. it is not currently known whether this cell-type specific production of bioactive peptides is mediated by different, specific propeptide converting enzymes ( ...	1987	2883185
separate cell types that express two different forms of somatostatin in anglerfish islets can be immunohistochemically differentiated.	the somatostatin-related peptides somatostatin-14 (ss-14) and somatostatin-28 (ass-28) are synthesized at the c-terminal end of two separate pre-pro-somatostatins in anglerfish pancreatic islets. the purpose of this study was to determine whether these peptides are expressed in the same or different cell types. antisera r141 and r293, which recognize the central region of ss-14 and the c-terminal region of ass-28 ([tyr7,gly10] ss-14), respectively, were used in an immunohistochemical examination ...	1987	2878951
effect of somatocrinin and a somatostatin antiserum on liver growth in the rat.	this study examines the effects of somatocrinin (grf) and somatostatin antiserum (ass) alone, and in combination, on liver growth. twenty-four-day-old rats were injected s.c. twice daily for 14 days with either saline or grf (4 and 20 micrograms x kg-1). ass was given i.p. every 2 days. grf alone had no effect on liver weight, but produced hyperplasia and increased rna content. ass alone had no effect on rna, dna, and protein contents. potentiation of the effects of grf by ass was observed on li ...	1987	2432209
ultrastructure of sarcocystis spp. from donkeys (equus asinus) in egypt.	the fine structure of sarcocystis spp. from donkeys (equus asinus) in egypt is described. sarcocysts were found in the oesophagus, diaphragm and heart of 18 of 20 donkeys. only one type of mature muscle cyst was found. sarcocysts were 120-410.6 x 48.4-50.2 microns. the primary cyst wall had numerous 3.3-3.7 microns villi. each villus contained 20-60 fibrillar elements which extended from the ends and sides of the villi throughout the ground substance, where they became tightly packed. the bundle ...	1987	3105164
biological and immunological properties of zebra pituitary gonadotropins: comparison with horse and donkey gonadotropins.	previous studies from this laboratory have described the properties of purified luteinizing hormone (lh) and follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) from horse and donkey anterior pituitary glands. the present study afforded the opportunity to further characterize these previously purified hormone preparations and to compare them with enriched gonadotropin fractions from zebra pituitary glands. although a single lh and fsh fraction was usually obtained for each pool of pituitaries, two separate zebra ...	1987	3113497
chemical heterogeneity of amyloid in the carpal tunnel syndrome.	140 biopsies from 108 patients afflicted with the carpal tunnel syndrome were studied, 27 of whom showed deposition of amyloid, in 6 of them to such an extent that the amyloid was considered significant in the pathogenesis of the carpal tunnel syndrome. morphologically, vessels and ligaments were affected and especially the peritendinous structures. as it was always part of generalized amyloidosis, the amyloid in the carpal tunnel consisted immunohistologically of amyloid a in three cases (inclu ...	1987	3120402
comparison of horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase-labelled antibodies in enzyme immunoassays.	the periodate method was found to be most effective for preparing horseradish peroxidase-sheep anti-human and horseradish peroxidase-donkey anti-mouse immunoglobulin (igg) conjugates. the conjugates were improved by carrying out the oxidation of the enzyme at low ph. anti-human and anti-mouse igg-peroxidase conjugates (0.5 mg/ml igg and 0.7 mg/ml igg, respectively) were used at 1:15,000 and 1:8000 dilutions, respectively, in a sandwich elisa to detect human and mouse igg in buffer or in a growth ...	1987	3035992
differentiation of meat from horse, donkey and their hybrids (mule/hinny) by electrophoretic separation of albumin.	meat from the species horse, donkey and their hybrids, mule/hinny, can be reliably identified by determination of genetic variants of serum albumin by starch gel electrophoresis of meat extracts. staining of the starch gel for carboxylesterase activity permits differentiation of most horses from donkeys while mules/hinnies cannot be distinguished from horses by their esterase activity alone.	1987	22054691
[breast feeding as "alternative" nutrition? an orientation aid in the field spanning ideology and current status].	recommending breast feeding supports a trend "back to nature". however, there are believers in the unbiased goodness of nature, who claim effects of mothers milk, e.g. protection from the evils of civilization, that are not confirmed by current scientific knowledge. as nature is not uniquely good (it feeds the donkey and the lion), and as biology is not perfect, breast feeding does not guarantee an uneventful infancy and childhood. there is even a pathology of breast feeding that the pediatricia ...	1988	3043205
[short-lasting infusions of fibraccel following aortocoronary bypass surgery. the effect on postoperative blood loss and hemostasis depending on the time of extracorporeal circulation].	bleeding is a major problem in the post-operative period (p.o.) after aortocoronary bypass surgery. harke et al. have investigated the beneficial effect of homologous phospholipid complex (fibraccel) after mitral and/or aortic valve replacement. no actual data were available evaluating therapy with fibraccel after aortocoronary bypass grafting. we were especially interested in the influence of fibraccel on routine blood coagulation parameters: partial thromboplastin time (ptt), thrombin time (tt ...	1988	3056085
determination of proinsulin intermediates by means of an immunoradiometric method using polyclonal antibodies.	in our endeavour to develop a method for proinsulin determination, an immunoradiometric method was developed. thereby guinea-pig antibodies to bovine insulin which were purified with an immunoadsorbent, were, in surplus, coupled to polyethylene tubes. these tubes were used to extract proinsulin and insulin from the sample and standard that or was to be determined. the proinsulin adsorbed onto the wall of the tube was distinguished from insulin by incubating, in a second step, a rabbit antibody t ...	1988	3056811
reproductive characteristics of the jenny donkey--equus asinus: a review.		1988	3057709
neisseria mule, horse, or donkey.		1988	3130392
[acetylsalicylic acid pseudoallergy: an anomaly of thrombocyte function?].	after a short historical review, the clinical symptomatology of the pseudoallergic reactions (par) after intake of acetylsalicylic acid (ass) is examined. an intolerance to ass mostly becomes manifest as bronchial asthma--sometimes up to a status asthmaticus: it is frequently combined with vasomotoric rhinopathia and nasal polyps (so-called "aspirin triad") or as urticaria and angio-edema, seldom as a shock reaction. these symptoms can - in contrast to an allergy--appear at the first intake of t ...	1988	3148593
asinine herpesvirus genomes: comparison with those of the equine herpesviruses.	two previously unknown and distinct herpesviruses were isolated from donkeys. one, with the characteristics of a betaherpesvirus, was isolated from the leukocytes of an apparently healthy donkey, while the second, an alphaherpesvirus, was recovered from the nasal cavity of donkeys given high doses of corticosteroids, and caused rhinitis in two seronegative weanling donkeys when they were intranasally infected. few, if any, restriction endonuclease fragments were shared by the donkey betaherpesvi ...	1988	2845891
parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the highveld of zimbabwe.	fourteen donkeys from a communal area of the zimbabwean highveld were examined for stomach parasites during july and november of 1986 and january and april of 1987. all 14 animals were infected. habronema muscae occurred in 12, draschia megastoma in 11, h. majus in 9, trichostrongylus axei in 9, gasterophilus intestinalis in 14 and g. nasalis in 1 donkey. the lowest level of infection was in january for the helminths and in april for gasterophilus larvae. the peak burdens of parasites were in ju ...	1988	2975414
[isolation of strains of a new ecological variant of staphylococcus aureus from asses].	47 coagulase-positive staphylococcal strains were isolated from the nasal smears of 175 healthy donkeys. in accordance with the schemes of akatov--devriese and mayer-witte--akatov, 10.6% of the cultures were classified with the coagulase-positive species s. hyicus and 89.3%, with the species s. aureus. out of s. aureus strains, 11.9% were found to have the characteristics of ecovar hominis, while 16.2% of the cultures could not be classified with definite ecovars. most of the strains (71.4%) wer ...	1988	2975451
[the proteolytic pretreatment of formalin-fixed tissue in immunohistochemical diagnosis].	proteolytic enzymes were tested for improving histochemical localization of tissue antigens. sections, 2-4 micron in thickness, were prepared on sodium-silicate coated slides from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human biopsies. a modification of the sternberger technique (pap) and the indirect immunofluorescence method were used for the localization of 15 various antigens: heavy chain immunoglobulins, light chain immunoglobulins, alpha 1-fetoprotein, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, myoglobin, fibron ...	1988	2458612
recombinant vaccinia/venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) virus expresses vee structural proteins.	cdna molecules encoding the structural proteins of the virulent trinidad donkey and the tc-83 vaccine strains of venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) virus were inserted under control of the vaccinia virus 7.5k promoter into the thymidine kinase gene of vaccinia virus. synthesis of the capsid protein and glycoproteins e2 and e1 of vee virus was demonstrated by immunoblotting of lysates of cv-1 cells infected with recombinant vaccinia/vee viruses. vee glycoproteins were detected in recombinant vi ...	1988	2462013
selection for accelerated penetration in cell culture coselects for attenuated mutants of venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.	previous studies with sindbis virus (sb) suggested that a single point mutation in glycoprotein e2 (serine 114 to arginine 114) conferred three phenotypic alterations: attenuation in neonatal mice, accelerated penetration of cultured cells, and efficient neutralization by two e2-specific monoclonal antibodies (davis, fuller, dougherty, olmsted, and johnston (1986) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 83, 6771-6775). moreover, selection for rapidly penetrating mutants of sb coselected for attenuation in vi ...	1988	3341117
an elisa for the measurement of vp16 (etoposide) in unextracted plasma.	an elisa for the anti-cancer drug vp16 in unextracted plasma has been developed using vp16-thyroglobulin-coated microtitre plates, a sheep anti-vp16 serum, and a donkey anti-sheep hrpo-labelled second antibody. the sensitivity of the assay was 0.5 ng/ml, providing a detection limit of 0.1 microgram vp16/ml plasma. plasma interference effects were negligible and therefore the standard curve could be set up in assay buffer. a good correlation was obtained between the elisa and established hplc and ...	1988	3346552
isolation of pure babesia equi and babesia caballi organisms in splenectomized horses from endemic areas in south africa.	both babesia equi and babesia caballi are endemic in large parts of south africa. attempts were made to obtain pure local isolates of both b. equi and b. caballi for the purpose of developing serological tests to study the epidemiology of equine babesiosis in this country. the indirect fluorescent antibody test was used to screen horses for b. equi and b. caballi in an endemic area. seven horses and 3 donkeys between 3 and 36 months of age that tested negative were subsequently splenectomized. t ...	1988	3353098
microanalysis of the amino-acid sequence of monomeric beta-lactoglobulin i from donkey (equus asinus) milk. the primary structure and its homology with a superfamily of hydrophobic molecule transporters.	the complete primary structure of donkey beta-lactoglobulin i was determined by pulsed-liquid phase microsequencing of tryptic peptides. the protein has been isolated in monomeric form and it corresponds to monomeric beta-lactoglobulin of type i. with the inclusion of donkey beta-lactoglobulin i there are 13% common residues amongst the members of the beta-lactoglobulin family. donkey beta-lactoglobulin i is homologous to the retinol-binding protein, bilin-binding protein and five other proteins ...	1988	3370127
a fertile mule and hinny in china.	anecdotal reports of fertility in female mules (jack donkey x mare) and hinnies (stallion x jenny donkey) have appeared in the literature over the years, but scientists have generally regarded them with scepticism. the fact that some of these hybrids can come into estrous and ovulate makes fertility conceivable, given that opportunity for mating arises. in china, where mules are bred extensively for work on the farms, a fertile female mule and a fertile female hinny have now been verified by chr ...	1988	3378453
recovery of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis from inoculated hamsters.	leishmania (viannia) braziliensis has never been isolated from wild animals although it is apparently capable of inducing infections in man, dogs, and donkeys. an analysis of the standard hamster culture system for analyzing infectivity of leishmania sp. was undertaken. results indicate that for l. (v.) braziliensis, routine cultivation of aspirates taken from the inoculation sites of 1-mo-infected hamsters should be undertaken. moreover, in at least 1 of the 3 strains examined, isolation of the ...	1988	3379536
interspecies variation in milk composition among horses, zebras and asses (perissodactyla: equidae).	milk samples of four species of wild equids (onager, equus hemionus onager; mountain zebra, e. zebra hartmannae; plains zebra, e. burchelli; przewalski horse, e. caballus przewalskii) and two domesticated equids (ass, e. asinus; pony, e. caballus) were analysed. at mid to late lactation the milks of all species were very similar, containing on average 10-12% total solids, 1-2% fat, 1.6-1.8% true protein, 6-7% 'lactose', 0.3-0.5% ash, 0.08-0.12% calcium, 0.04-0.07% phosphorus and a calculated ene ...	1988	3385068
[cachexia syndrome in a donkey mare caused by toxic infectious enteritis. 1. primary symptomatology and pathology].		1988	3390131
[cachexia syndrome in a donkey mare caused by toxic infectious enteritis. 2. anemia as a secondary symptom complex].		1988	3390132
the arrangement of the muscle layers at the equine ileocaecal junction.	the muscle layers of the ileocaecal junctions of horses (n = 18), plains zebras (equus burchelli antiquorum) (n = 3), mountain zebras (equus zebra zebra) (n = 2), and a donkey were examined macroscopically and microscopically. the muscular tunic of the ileocaecal papilla was made up of 3 layers: an innermost circular layer which was a continuation of the circular muscle of the ileum, a central longitudinal layer which was a continuation of one part of the longitudinal layer of the ileum and an o ...	1988	3392703
[cachexia syndrome in a donkey mare due to a toxic infectious enteritis. 3. hyperlipemia as a secondary complication].		1988	3401205
urinary thallium: critical problems, reference values and preliminary results of an investigation in workers with suspected industrial exposure.	using a sensitive eta ass method, urinary thallium (tl-u) has been measured in a group of non-exposed individuals and in two groups of workers with suspected industrial exposure. in non-exposed subjects (72 healthy males aged 41 +/- 11 years) the tl-u mean value was 0.22 mu/l (range 0.05-0.61). significantly higher values were found in two groups of workers (30 and 21 subjects) employed in two cement factories and two cast iron foundries (mean tl-u value: 0.38 and 0.33 mu/l, respectively; range ...	1988	3406716
[mortality and morbidity of thromboembolism in drug prevention--5-year analysis].	in a period of five years a general medical prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolic disease was tested in major gynaecological operations, in patients undergoing radium insertions for gynaecological cancer and in patients with caesarean section. preoperatively was the beginning of the daily therapy with dihydroergotamine (dhe) and every four days the therapy with acetylsalicylic acid (ass). the results of 2,346 therapy-cycles with medical prevention of thromboembolic disease in 2,280 p ...	1988	3407358
hepatic atp content and hyperammonemia induced by ccl4 in rats.	an investigation of the mechanism of development of hyperammonemia observed in ccl4-induced hepatic encephalopathy was performed in rats. ccl4 (1.0 ml/kg 3 times per week for over 10 weeks) caused a severe hyperammonemia and depletion of hepatic atp contents in only those rats with hepatic encephalopathy. however, ccl4 (1.0 ml/kg 3 times per week for 7 weeks) did not cause hepatic encephalopathy and did not change in blood ammonia levels. administration of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-dnp) in these cc ...	1988	3413798
use of high-performance liquid chromatography for the purification of antibodies and antibody conjugates and the study of antibody-antigen interactions.	the purification and characterization of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and antibody-enzyme conjugates by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) using a protein pak 300 sw column and a protein pak deae anion-exchange column is described. the following polyclonal antibodies were examined: (i) donkey anti-mouse immunoglobulin g (igg), (ii) mouse igg, (iii) sheep anti-human igg and (iv) goat anti-human factor viii. hplc was used to analyse the purity of horseradish peroxidase conjugate ...	1988	3417819
centric fission in the karyotype of a mother-daughter pair of donkeys (equus asinus).	a mother-daughter pair of donkeys was found to have identical karyotypes with a diploid number of 63. the difference from the species karyotype could be explained by a centric fission event in the third largest autosomal pair.	1988	3163968
recombinant vaccinia virus/venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) virus protects mice from peripheral vee virus challenge.	mice immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus (vacc) expressing venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) virus capsid protein and glycoproteins e1 and e2 or with attenuated vee tc-83 virus vaccine developed vee-specific neutralizing antibody and survived intraperitoneal challenge with virulent vee virus strains including trinidad donkey (subtype 1ab), p676 (subtype 1c), 3880 (subtype 1d), and everglades (subtype 2). however, unlike immunization with tc-83 virus, immunization with the recombinant va ...	1988	3184276
effects of intravenous corticosteroid on the pathogenicity of babesia equi infection of donkeys (equus asinus).		1988	3188726
the pattern of venous drainage of the equine ileocaecal junction.	the veins draining the ileocaecal junctions of horses (n = 19), donkeys (n = 3) and a plains zebra, (equus burchelli antiquorum) were injected with latex via the ileocolic vein, and dissected. in all specimens the ileocaecal papilla was drained by 2 major papillary veins: one cranial and one caudal to the papilla. a smaller dorsal vein drained either into the cranial or into the caudal vein. the submucosal veins seemed to increase in number in the ileocaeacal junction to form a venous plexus. th ...	1988	3199408
clinical parameters of donkeys before and after trypanosoma vivax infection.		1988	3201022
[the body as hostage of the self. phenomenological aspects of anorexia nervosa].	there are several basic structures upon which anorexia nervosa could develop: hostility between mother and daughter, feministic protest, abandonnism, the ascetic structure, the reluctance against the being-thrown-on-the-world, asw. the phenomenological analysis reveals, through these different structures, a common distress. the patient feels the others, and also, the existence, as a violence. yet, she feels help ass in her fight against this violence. so she takes her own body as hostage in orde ...	1988	3207043
ribosomal rna expression in a mammalian hybrid, the hinny.	the expression of nucleolus organizer region (nor) activity in diploid cells was investigated in a model mammalian hybrid system, the hinny (female ass x male horse), by sequential ag-nor and chromomycin a3/distamycin a/dapi (cdd) staining ion lectin-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes. in the majority of cases we found non-expression of the horse-derived nor chromosomes in the hinny. however, in one case there was strong nor expression on horse-derived chromosome no. 1.	1988	3219914
keratinophilic fungi on the hair of cows, donkeys, rabbits, cats, and dogs from the west bank of jordan.	the mycoflora of hair of 111 cows, donkeys, rabbits, cats, and dogs were analysed and the frequency of occurrence and the relative importance value of the different fungal species isolated were calculated. total numbers of species 56, 45, 48, 23, and 11 were recovered from cows, donkeys, rabbits, cats, and dogs respectively. the majority of the keratinophilic fungi isolated were either well-known mycotic agents or have been recovered from various animal and human lesions. these comprised 87.8%, ...	1988	3221913
[effect of various combinations of dl-alpha-tocopherol and acetylsalicylic acid on adjuvant arthritis in the rat].	the influence of per os application of different combinations of dl-alpha-tocopherol (toc) and acetylsalicylic acid (ass) on adjuvant-induced arthritis was tested in male wistar rats (body weight 227 +/- 18 g; 8 groups, n = 8). one group (control) was without adjuvans arthritis and received no treatment, another group was also not treated in spite of adjuvans arthritis. further, six groups of adjuvans arthritis were treated with the following combinations: ass/toc (mg/kg bw/d each) 250/-, 250/25 ...	1988	3239266
the primary structure of donkey (equus asinus) lysozyme contains the ca(ii) binding site of alpha-lactalbumin.	the complete primary structure of donkey lysozyme has been established by pulsed liquid-phase sequencing of tryptic and chymotryptic peptides isolated by rp-hplc. the positions of the cys residues were identified by labeling the cys residues with dabia-reagent. donkey lysozyme is a c-type lysozyme which is 129 amino acids long. it exhibits 50% homology to the human protein. we observe the full ca(ii) binding site suggested for the homologous alpha-lactalbumines. although horse lysozyme has been ...	1988	3242541
[botfly larva skin infestation in a donkey].	in january 1987 7 larvae of hypoderma diana were found in a donkey. the infection probably took place on a horse pasture in fürstenwalde, frankfurt (o.) region, grazed also by roes, the main hosts of h. diana.	1988	3245636
factors influencing anti-antibody enhancement of tumor targeting with antibodies in hamsters with human colonic tumor xenografts.	the injection of an antiantibody (second antibody, sa) can enhance the clearance rate of a radiolabeled antitumor antibody (primary antibody, pa) from the blood. we have studied how the dose of the sa and the timing of the sa administration influence the rate of pa clearance and thereby improve tumor/nontumor ratios. adult hamsters bearing the carcinoembryonic antigen-producing, gw-39 human colonic tumor xenograft were given injections of 131i-labeled, goat anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody ...	1988	3258181
interspecific pregnancy: barriers and prospects.	investigations on the mechanisms that allow survival of the fetal allograft have been extended by pregnancies in which the fetus and pregnant female are from different species. such interspecific pregnancies are useful models for the study of maternal/fetal interactions and also may assist in the preservation of endangered species. results of experiments with three different interspecific model systems are discussed: a murine model using mus musculus and m. caroli; an equine model involving prim ...	1988	3284594
donkeys and elephants.		1988	3059203
comparison of early conceptus mobility between mares and jennies.	the caracteristics of early intrauterine mobility of the conceptus were compared between ponies (n = 9) and donkeys (n = 9). the extensive mobility of the early conceptus, previously reported for ponies and horses, was found in donkeys as well. there were no significant differences between donkeys and ponies in the characteristics or patterns of mobility. however, the mean day of fixation was approximately one day later (p<0.05) in donkeys (day 15.6 +/- 0.3) than in ponies (day 14.7 +/- 0.2).	1988	16726412
polymorphisms of nors and heterochromatin in the horse and donkey.	chromomycin a3 (cma3) banding in mitotic sets of the equidae horse and donkey were used to demonstrate both constitutive heterochromatin and r-banding. intra and interindividual variation in the size of the heterochromatic blocks was observed in many cases. cma3-posittve telomeric heterochromatin blocks appeared on several chromosomes of the horse and donkey. some of them were especially spectacular in the donkey. a sequential silver nor-chromomycin a3/distamycln a-dapi (cdd) staining procedure ...	1988	31581761
observations on african horse sickness in donkeys in the sudan.		1989	32344953
disposition of triclabendazole in horses, ponies and donkeys.		1989	2767035
field monitoring versus individual miner dosimetry of radon daughter products in mines.	the paper presents the results realised simultaneously by two different and independent systems of measurement of an assessment of miners' exposure to radon daughter products which naturally occur in the air of mines. the first one, called the air sampling system (ass), was based on the field monitoring of radon progeny in air, the second one, called the individual dosimetry system (ids), was based on the individual dosimeters worn by miners. experimental comparison of these two systems has been ...	1989	2489420
baermannization of dictyocaulus spp. from faeces of cattle, sheep and donkeys.	faeces were collected per rectum from calves infected with dictyocaulus viviparus (d.v.), from lambs infected with dictyocaulus filaria (d.f.) and donkeys infected with dictyocaulus arnfieldi (d.a.). in one experiment, the influence of storage temperature before baermannization was investigated. recovery rate for d.v. was approximately 80% after 24 h at 4 degrees c or 16 degrees c but only 40% at 20 degrees c. after two days at 20 degrees c the rate had fallen to 20%. recovery rates for d.f. dec ...	1989	2523174
the full-length nucleotide sequences of the virulent trinidad donkey strain of venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and its attenuated vaccine derivative, strain tc-83.	nucleotide sequence analysis of cdna clones covering the entire genomes of trinidad donkey (trd) venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) virus and its vaccine derivative, tc-83, has revealed 11 differences between the genomes of tc-83 virus and its parent. one nucleotide substitution and a single nucleotide deletion occurred in the 5'- and 3'-noncoding regions of the tc-83 genome, respectively. the deduced amino acid sequences of the nonstructural polypeptides of the two viruses differed only in a ...	1989	2524126
critical and controlled tests of activity of a macrocyclic lactone (compound f28249-alpha) against natural infections in internal parasites of equids.	thirteen critical tests (n = 11 horses and 2 ponies) and 4 controlled tests (n = 4 donkeys and 6 horses) were performed to evaluate the activity of the experimental macrocyclic lactone compound f28249-alpha against internal parasites of equids. in the critical tests, activity was determined mainly against the large parasites, but 1 critical test also included benzimidazole-resistant small strongyles. in the controlled tests, evaluation of drug activity included large parasites and stomach worms ...	1989	2527481
an approach to the evaluation and documentation of adverse drug reaction.	this paper reviews an approach to the evaluation and documentation of suspected adverse drug reaction (adr). i propose an algorithm for the evaluation of suspected adr. i recommend that the adverse drug reaction scoring system(ass) or the adverse drug reactions probability scale(aps) be used when evaluating suspected adr. in these two scoring systems, points are allotted according to response to a series of questions on events relating to the clinical manifestations of the suspected adr. dependi ...	1989	2531469
isolation of a/equi-2 virus during 1987 equine influenza epidemic in india.	processing of nasal materials from clinical cases during the 1987 influenza epidemic in northern and central india resulted in the isolation of two haemagglutinating agents; one each from donkeys and horses at bhiwani in haryana state and ludhiana in punjab state, respectively. these were typed as influenza a/equi-2 viruses by haemagglutination inhibition test. the two isolates were designated as a/equi-2/bhiwani/1/87 and a/equi-2/ludhiana/1/87. the bhiwani/87 isolate was confirmed to have h3n8 ...	1989	2550218
multilocus linkage analysis with the human argininosuccinate synthetase gene.	we have identified three restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) from within the argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) gene which maps to human chromosome 9q34-qter. although rflps at pseudogene loci are detected by the cdna, these are the first polymorphisms reported at the ass locus. the three rflps are in linkage equilibrium with each other, and haplotypes for the ass locus are highly informative. two-locus recombination estimates between ass and seven other 9q markers indicated that a ...	1989	2575581
leptospirosis in man, in wild and in domestic animals at waste disposal sites in cairo.	the authors examined 65 rattus rattus, 28 pigs, 12 donkeys, 67 goats, 5 sheep, 1 cow and 1 dog as well as 196 inhabitants at two settlements on the waste disposal sites at the periphery of cairo. rattus norvegicus were positive in 55.4% for l. ictero-haemorrhagiae, pigs in 14.3% for l. pomona and in 3.6% for l. ictero-haemorrhagiae. 2 out of 12 donkeys were positive for l. pomona, 1 of them for l. pyrogenes and l. icterohaemorrhagiae as well, goats in 1.5% for l. grippotyphosa. human sera reacte ...	1989	2583498
[the significance of detecting corynebacterium equi in the conjunctiva of children in cairo].	the probable correlations between certain corynebacterium are discussed. carpenter et al. (1976) describes a corynebacterium equi-pneumonia in a patient with hodgkin's disease; gardner et. al. (1976) also reports on a case of pneumonia. golub et. al. (1967) demonstrates a lung abscess resulting from corynebacterium equi. williams et. al. (1971) demonstrates a thoracic infection in an immunosuppressed patient. although, our findings have been demonstrated only in conjunctivitis of children, hithe ...	1989	2583507
[a case of argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) deficiency diagnosed by the measurement of ass with the liver biopsy specimen].		1989	2592835
the epidemiology of echinococcus granulosus in great britain. v. the status of subspecies of echinococcus granulosus in great britain.	twenty-five years ago williams and sweatman suggested that in great britain there are two subspecies of echinococcus granulosus--e. granulosus granulosus and e. granulosus equinus. echinococcus granulosus granulosus does not mature either in foxes or in horses: e. granulosus equinus will mature in either. the prepatent period of e. granulosus granulosus in the definitive host is about 42 days while that of e. granulosus equinus is about 70 days. each subspecies has a characteristic morphology. m ...	1989	2596902
a survey of leptospirological studies carried out on the cape verde islands.	the authors subjected 611 human sera, 1295 sera of domestic and 211 sera of wild living animals from two islands of the cape verde archipelago to serological tests for leptospirosis. among the human sera 7.2% reacted positively. antibodies to l. bratislava of the serogroup australis were most frequent (59.1% of all positive sera). antibodies to l. icterohaemorrhagiae were found in 1.3% of the sera tested, to l. sejroe in 1.1%, to l. canicola in 0.7%, to l. pyrogenes in 0.3% and to l. pomona, l. ...	1989	2599387
stimuli of thirst in donkeys (equus asinus).	a study of the stimuli of thirst was conducted on six feral donkeys. donkeys were found to be stimulated to drink by overnight water deprivation, by the diuretic furosemide, and by hypertonic saline infusion, all in the absence of heat stress or work. donkeys compensate accurately for the fluid deficit caused by overnight water deprivation. after 19 hr without water, they drank 8.8 +/- 2.4 (mean +/- se) liters within 60 min. their undeprived overnight intake was 8.4 +/- 1.5 liters. however, late ...	1989	2602491
reciprocal unconditional-conditional organization of the fundamental emotions and paraadaptive personality reactions.	paraadaptive personality reactions (ppr) are modes of behavior and experience on the borderline of normal psychology and psychopathology. in them the thinking is overdetermined or obsessive. overdetermined ppr are well illustrated in common proverbs. the people's wisdom has also knowledge of the obsessive (or "magic") paraadaptive rituals for prevention of possible misfortunes (such as touching wood, keeping away from a black cat, etc.). one part of the ppr is described in the psychoanalytical l ...	1989	2616226
babesia equi and trypanosoma vivax infections in donkeys.	six donkeys (equus asinus) were purchased locally. to screen them before and during trypanosoma vivax infection, thin and thick blood smears, temperature, haematocrit centrifuge technique (hct), packed cell volume (pcv), white blood cell counts, and indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) were done for babesia equi. for the ifat, an anti-horse conjugate was used. in spite of patent b. equi or t. vivax parasitaemia, the donkeys' temperatures remained below 38.5 degrees c; pcv was depresse ...	1989	2626573
[presence of nerve terminations in the episclera of the horse and ass].	the episclera of horse and ass is provided, just like in the bovine, with both vegetative and sensitive somatic innervation. the former is constituted by isolated or grouped ganglionic cells located along the course of the nerve bundles. the sensitive nervous component consist, above all, of encapsulated receptors such as pacini, pacini-like and golgi-mazzoni corpuscles. most of these are pacini-like receptors which also show some structural features. in fact they are very small and supplied wit ...	1989	2627337
[optimal dosage of acetylsalicyclic acid (ass). ii: use in preventing thrombosis of the cerebrovascular circulation--prevention of strokes and preliminary stages].		1989	2651859
[sudden death during mass running events in switzerland 1978-1987: an epidemiologico-pathologic study].	between 1984 and 1987 there were 7 cases of sudden cardiac death during organized mass runs in switzerland, and between 1978 and 1987 there were 3 cases during the nine largest mass running events (total 8 cases of sudden death during the race). based on numbers of participants in all events 1984-1987, or in the nine largest events 1978-1987, an incidence of 1 sudden death per 129,500 hrs. of running (95% confidence interval 1/62,500-1/263,000 hrs.), or 1 sudden death per 117,000 hrs. of running ...	1989	2655076
health effects of air pollutants: sulfuric acid, the old and the new.	data from exposure of experimental animals and human subjects to sulfuric acid presents a consistent picture of its toxicology. effects on airway resistance in asthmatic subjects were well predicted by data obtained on guinea pigs. sulfuric acid increases the irritant response to ozone in both rats and man. in donkeys, rabbits, and human subjects, sulfuric acid alters clearance of particles from the lung in a similar manner. these changes resemble those produced by cigarette smoke and could well ...	1989	2667973
phase-derivative imaging. ii: effects of beam diffraction and scatterer density.	the potential of using the phase derivative (pd) of the radio-frequency echograms for producing 2-dimensional grey scale images was further investigated. the pd images were produced by five different algorithms, which according to the results described in the companion paper yield pd images dominated by the amplitude (envelope, env), mixed pd-am images and pure pd images. these images are termed according to their algorithms: zcs, zero crossing counter with squelch; ass, analytic signal with squ ...	1989	2675450
[serologic studies of domestic animals for listeriosis, q-fever, and brucellosis in cairo].	first serological investigations among domestic animals (donkey, goat, sheep, swine, dog) and rats (rattus norvegicus) carried out in the surroundings of persons from waste disposal sites in cairo indicate the occurrence of listeriosis, q fever and brucellosis.	1989	2684762
[endoscopic studies of gastroduodenal tolerance of 100 mg versus 500 mg acetylsalicylic acid daily: a randomized double-blind study with healthy probands].	acetylsalicylic acid (ass) is increasingly used in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. in recent years lower daily ass-doses (100-300 mg) have been given for this indication. however, only marginal knowledge is available about the upper gi-tolerability of ass in this dosage regiment. in a randomized double-blind study we have evaluated the gastroduodenal tolerability of 100 mg ass and 500 mg ass daily in 20 healthy volunteers using upper gi-endoscopy. both ass-dosages have been taken over ...	1989	2692315
[an autopsied case of type ii citrullinemia--transient effectiveness with either citrate or benzoate to the consciousness disturbance].	a 44-year-old man suffered from repeated impairment of consciousness associated with flapping tremor, myoclonus and generalized convulsions, and died in coma 6 months after admission. he had had a psychosomatically underdeveloped childhood, with a propensity for legumes without a family history of the same or a record of consanguinity. on admission, he had disturbed consciousness and emaciation without other physical abnormalities. the eeg revealed diffuse slow waves with occasional appearance o ...	1989	2692930
enhanced chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for cannabinoids in urine.	an enhanced chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay was developed for the detection of cannabinoids in urine. it utilises an antiserum specific for tetrahydrocannabinol and its major metabolite, a donkey anti-sheep antiserum and a horseradish peroxidase labelled antigen conjugate. the bound enzyme is detected via its catalytic activity on the chemiluminescent luminol-h2o2 reaction in the presence of an enhancer. this immunoassay employs mild experimental conditions and is extremely sensitive (0.13 m ...	1989	2694864
the strange tale of martin van butchell.	in the eighteenth century, a pedestrian strolling around georgian london may have witnessed the bizarre sight of an ageing gentleman parading the streets on a painted horse and brandishing the jawbone of an ass. not only was this man an eccentric, he was also a dentist. david watkins here relates the remarkable story of martin van butchell, a dentist extraordinaire.	1989	2695150
[ranitidine protects the human stomach and duodenal mucosa against low-dose acetylsalicylic acid].	in a randomized double-blind study the gastroduodenal tolerability of 300 mg ass daily has been evaluated in the presence of 150 mg ranitidine bid or placebo in 20 healthy volunteers using upper gi-endoscopy. the treatment period lasted 14 days. endoscopic controls were performed at entry, and repeated at day 7 and day 14. at entry, the mean endoscopic score averaged 0.8 +/- 0.1 in the ass/placebo-group and 1.0 +/- 0.0 in the ass/ranitidine group. 300 mg ass daily induced in the placebo experime ...	1989	2697116
factors determining the digestive efficiency of the domesticated donkey (equus asinus asinus).	factors determining the digestive efficiency of donkeys were studied in animals fed either a low quality roughage (wheat straw: 77.1% neutral detergent fibre, 2.8% crude protein) or a high quality forage (alfalfa hay: 47.5% neutral detergent fibre, 22.7% crude protein). the neutral detergent fibre (ndf) intake when fed wheat straw was 1693 +/- 268 g animal-1 day-1, 10% higher than when fed alfalfa hay. digestive coefficient of ndf and acid detergent fibre (adf) when fed wheat straw amounted to 5 ...	1989	2717700
enzymatic deacylations of esterified saccharides--iii. comparison of de-esterifications by serum esterases from different sources.	1. 14c-labelled methyl 2,6-di-o-pivaloyl-alpha-d-glucopyranoside (1) was used as a substrate for esterases from rabbit, guinea pig, mouse, donkey, pig, horse, sheep and human sera. 2. stepwise de-esterification of the diester substrate 1 occurred with rabbit, guinea pig and mouse serum. data on time-course experiments and kinetic data are reported. 3. the use of donkey, pig, horse, sheep and human serum led to the migration of the 2-o-pivaloyl group in substrate 1 to the position 4- in the sugar ...	1989	2721156
small strongyle infections in donkeys from the highveld in zimbabwe.	in total, 14 male donkeys aged between 2 and 10 years were obtained in july and november 1986, and january and april 1987 from a communal area in the zimbabwean highveld, with the aim of studying their parasite populations. thirteen species of small strongyles were found, numbers ranging between 3900 and 222 767 worms. the small strongyle populations consisted predominantly of adult worms in all donkeys. these results suggest that rather stable, small strongyle populations, mainly consisting of ...	1989	2728325
the variety of sterility and gradual progression to fertility in hybrids of the horse and donkey.	generally speaking, the majority of f1 hybrids between the horse and donkey are sterile and do conform to the hypothesis of gametogenic breakdown. the results of our own research, nevertheless, lead us to conclude that there is variability in degree of sterility and fertility for both f1 and b1 individuals, with a gradual advance from sterility to fertility being seen. this is the subject we will discuss from the point of view of oestrus, ovulation, mating, pregnancy, spermatogenesis, endocrine ...	1989	2753743
strongylus vulgaris in donkeys (equus asinus) from the highveld of zimbabwe.	strongylus vulgaris populations in the cranial mesenteric arteries, caecum and colon were studied in 14 donkeys obtained from a communal area of the zimbabwean highveld during july and november, 1986, and january and april 1987. adult parasites were present in all animals and larvae in the cranial mesenteric arteries of 12 animals. aged animals had high worm burdens. the number of adult parasites varied from 63 to 1255 (mean 382) and of larvae in the arteries from 0 to 181 (mean 69). the mean ad ...	1989	2773269
identification of essential arginine residue(s) for mg-atp binding of human argininosuccinate synthetase.	human argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) activity was found to be inactivated by alpha-dicarbonyls such as 1,2-cyclohexanedione and phenylglyoxal in accordance with pseudo first-order kinetics. the enzyme was almost completely protected from this inactivation by mg-atp and partially by its analogues. the strongest protective effect against inactivation was found with mg-atp, followed by mg-adp, amp, adenosine and mg-inorganic pyrophosphate. these results suggest the importance of arginine residu ...	1989	2788888
[asthma due to disulfites].	sulfites are recognized as food and drug additives responsible for anaphylactoid adverse reactions, especially in asthmatics. we report on 7 patients (6 females and one male) aged between 24 and 70 years, with preexistent asthma and/or rhinitis of the "intrinsic" type, who experienced severe, life-threatening asthmatic and urticarial reactions after ingestion of wine, salads and other food containing sulfites as preservatives or antioxidants. in a 70-year-old female anaphylactoid shock occurred ...	1989	2799334
[anthrax in chad: a zoonosis that still exists today].	an epidemic of human and animal anthrax raged in chad mainly in the department of chari baguirmi from september to december 1988, infesting more than 50% of donkeys and horses. 716 human cases have been reported, with 88 deaths. thanks to a geographical distribution of animal and human prevalence, one sees immediately the interdependency between sanitary state of live-stock and public health. an unusual means of transmission from donkey to donkey by insects as the vector is suggested to explain ...	1989	2811650
[individual glycoside therapy using serum concentration determination in heart insufficiency of horses].	23 horses and one donkey with congestive heart failure are treated with a standardized methyldigoxin dose (0.0032 mg/kg of body weight). the therapy is controlled by the serum concentration of the cardiac glycoside. 4 horses have a higher and 13 horses a lower serum concentration as necessary for therapeutic approach. the influence of additional diseases and medications is demonstrated. finally a rule for the evaluation of the individual therapeutic glycoside-dose is given.	1989	2923617
zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania (viannia) braziliensis associated with domestic animals in venezuela and brazil.	after outbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis in solano state, venezuela, 5% of the population had parasitized ulcers while after similar outbreaks in mesquita, rio de janeiro state, brazil, 9% had the disease. in these foci children, including some under six years of age, were affected. there was no significant difference in the occurrence of the disease according to sex or type of employment. in solano, 3% of dogs and 28% of donkeys had parasitized lesions, while in mesquita these indices were 19 ...	1989	2319948
field trial evaluation of detomidine as a sedative and analgesic in horses with colic.	in this uncontrolled clinical study 12 investigators cooperated to evaluate the analgesic and sedative effect of detomidine (dormosedan; farmos group ltd; finland) in 234 horses with abdominal pain caused by colic. the study was designed to use each animal as its own control and to evaluate its response to the drug over a 60 min period. detomidine was given intravenously (i.v.) once in 169 cases (167 horses, 1 mule, 1 donkey) at a dose of 20 micrograms/kg bodyweight (bwt), and to 65 horses at 40 ...	1989	9118092
an immunohistochemical study of various peptide-containing endocrine cells and neurones at the equine ileocaecal junction.	the ileocaecal junctions of 5 horses and 2 donkeys were examined by using antisera to the following peptides: somatostatin, glucagon, gastrin, neurotensin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip), peptide histidine isoleucine (phi), calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp), substance p (sp) and neuropeptide y (npy). antisera to somatostatin, neurotensin and npy demonstrated endocrine cells in the ileal- and caecal parts of the ileocaecal junction, while immunoreactivity for glucagon was demonstrated i ...	1990	2338994
scanning electron and light microscopy of the mucosa of the equine ileocaecal junction.	the ileocaecal junction mucosal surface morphology of 5 horses and 1 donkey was examined using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. based on differences in surface morphology, the junction could be divided into 4 distinct regions. the distal extremity of the ileum was characterized by the presence of typical finger-like villi followed by a narrow zone displaying short, stubby villi which gradually merged into a 3rd region representing the true transitional zone between the small an ...	1990	2338995
tracheal obstructions in two horses and a donkey.	the clinical signs associated with intramural tracheal obstructions in two horses and a donkey were respiratory distress and coughing, which were aggravated by exercise and excitement. the obstructions were at the level of the thoracic inlet and consisted either of flattening of the cartilage rings in the dorsoventral plane or of cartilage rings having a scroll-like conformation. they appeared to be developmental in origin and to have been present for a considerable time before the onset of clin ...	1990	2343517
partial cdna sequence for the donkey chorionic gonadotrophin-beta subunit suggests evolution from an ancestral lh-beta gene.	a 246 bp cdna clone representing the c-terminal region of the donkey (equus asinus) chorionic gonadotrophin (cg)-beta subunit was isolated from a placental library. the transcript contained the 3' untranslated region and 42% of the cg-beta subunit coding region (amino acid residues 85-146 of the mature peptide). comparison of the deduced donkey amino acid sequence with the published horse cg-beta subunit protein sequence (where they overlapped) revealed an overall homology of 61%. however, most ...	1990	2344391
[is sodium salicylate suitable as a protective agent in the analgesic-induced asthma syndrome?].	the protective effect of nas in analgetic-induced asthma (aia) was investigated in patients with aia. in none of the patients was the asthmatic reaction to acetylsalicylic acid (ass) completely inhibited by the oral administration of nas. in a single patient, an intolerance reaction occurred after oral ingestion of the substance. in several patients, induction of tolerance towards acetylsalicyclic acid was facilitated after prior ingestion of nas.	1990	2367419
[the patient following ptca].	diagnostic measures after ptca consist of history, clinical findings, after 3 months and thereafter in 6 months intervals as well as ergometry in case of recurrency of complaints of after 3 months and then in 6 months intervals. a thallium-scintigraphy is done eventually. a repetition of a coronarography is indicated only in cases of typical symptoms or registration of ischemia. therapy consists of lifelong ass and calcium channel blockers for 3 months and treatment of risk-factors. repetition o ...	1990	2368418