Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| wildlife disease reservoirs: the epidemiology of mycobacterium bovis infection in the european badger (meles meles) and other british mammals. | mycobacterium bovis infection has been confirmed in a wide range of mammals hosts throughout the world. the european badger (meles meles) and the brushtail possum (trichosurus vulpecula) are implicated as significant sources of infection for domestic cattle in the uk and new zealand respectively. the risk of transmission of infection between a wildlife population and domestic animals will be determined by both the epidemiology of the disease and the ecology of the host. in the uk, surveys by the ... | 2001 | 11463223 |
| diagnosis and epidemiology of trichinella infections in wildlife in the netherlands. | trichinella infections in foxes and wild boars were studied to determine the prevalence of infection in wildlife in the netherlands. muscles of 429 forelegs of foxes (vulpes vulpes) and diaphragms of 11 wild boars (sus scrofa) were artificially digested. single larvae of trichinella were identified at species level using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd-pcr). in addition, an elisa using es antigen was used to test serum samples of 458 wild boars. the prevalence of trichinella in foxes rang ... | 2001 | 11484327 |
| epidemiology of human and animal trichinellosis in italy since its discovery in 1887. | the epidemiology of trichinellosis in italy is characterised by a sylvatic cycle present only on the mainland. the domestic cycle probably never existed, though a domestic focus occurred on the island of sicily between 1933 and 1946. the red fox is the main reservoir, with the prevalence of infection ranging from 0.0% in lowlands to 60% in the alps. the main etiological agent is trichinella britovi. trichinella pseudospiralis has been detected in two birds. from 1948 to march 2000, trichinellosi ... | 2001 | 11484328 |
| epidemiological studies on animal and human trichinellosis in estonia. | from 1992 to 1999, muscle samples from 814 sylvatic animals and 1,173 domestic and synanthropic animals were collected in 15 districts of estonia; the prevalence of trichinellosis ranged from 1.0% to 79.4% for sylvatic animals and from 0.6% to 24.5% for domestic or synanthropic animals and for animals from fur-bearing farms. the most important reservoirs of trichinella in nature were the raccoon dog, the red fox, the lynx and the wolf. three species of trichinella (t. spiralis, t. nativa, and t. ... | 2001 | 11484393 |
| the first host record of trichinosis in a red fox, vulpes vulpes japonica, from aomori prefecture, northern honshu, japan. | a case of wildlife trichinosis was found in a red fox (vulpes vulpes japonica) captured at rokkasho, aomori prefecture on november 27, 1998. trichinella larvae were obtained from almost all of the muscle tissues except for the masseter. the highest number of larvae per gram of tissue was found in the muscles of the gluteal region and throat. the lowest number was found in the diaphragm and tongue. trichina cysts within the muscle fibers had groups of fatty cells at the poles, and minimal tissue ... | 2001 | 11503914 |
| evidence of borna disease virus genome detection in french domestic animals and in foxes (vulpes vulpes). | borna disease virus (bdv) is an enveloped, non-segmented negative-stranded rna virus which belongs to the bornaviridae family. bdv is an aetiological agent of encephalitis in horses, sheep and several other vertebrate species. in order to extend our knowledge about the presence of bdv in france, a study based on bdv rna detection by rt-nested-pcr was done with 196 animal tissues: 171 brain samples collected from different animal species (75 horses, 59 foxes, 31 cattle, 4 dogs, 1 sheep, 1 roe dee ... | 2001 | 11514730 |
| veterinary aspects of alveolar echinococcosis--a zoonosis of public health significance. | human alveolar echinococcosis (ae), caused by the metacestode stage of echinococcus multilocularis, is a serious zoonosis which caused up to 100% lethality in untreated patients before the 1970s, when modern methods of treatment were not yet established. ae occurs in large areas of the northern hemisphere mostly with low country-wide prevalences, but high prevalences of up to 4% have been reported from small population groups in highly endemic foci, e.g. from china. ae includes many veterinary a ... | 2001 | 11516580 |
| fecundity and egg output by toxocara canis in the red fox, vulpes vulpes. | the role of the red fox vulpes vulpes in the dissemination of eggs of toxocara canis into the environment is considered with reference to female worm fecundity and egg output in the faeces of infected foxes collected from four localities in southern england. a significant positive correlation was found between female worm size and the number of eggs in the uterus but there was no significant relationship between t. canis worm numbers and egg output in fox faeces. reliable estimates of worm burde ... | 2001 | 11520440 |
| cost-efficient vaccination of foxes (vulpes vulpes) against rabies and the need for a new baiting strategy. | in this study, ecological models, optimisation algorithms and threshold analysis were linked to develop oral-vaccination strategies against rabies in fox populations. it is important that such strategies are cost-efficient and resistant to environmental conditions which would lessen their success. the model validation shows that the ecological models used are suited to predict the proportion of tetracycline- (tc) marked foxes in the course of time. this figure indicates the proportion of foxes w ... | 2001 | 11530197 |
| kinetics of humoral immune response after rabies vr-g oral vaccination of captive fox cubs (vulpes vulpes) with or without maternally derived antibodies against the vaccine. | in western europe during the spring, the largest proportion of fox populations are cubs and the key to successful rabies oral vaccination campaigns is cub vaccination. in this paper we report on studies of the serology of 93 fox (vulpes vulpes) cubs born to unvaccinated and orally vaccinated captive vixens, some of which were orally vaccinated at 30 or at 90 days of age with the vaccinia recombinant vaccine (vr-g) that expresses the rabies virus glycoprotein. the duration of cub passively acquir ... | 2001 | 11535333 |
| [alaria alata (trematoda: alariidae)--the parasite of canines in the byelorussian woodlands]. | the canines have been investigated during 19 year (1980-1998) in the belorussian polesie in realtion to their infection with the trematode alaria alata (goeze, 1782). four species of canines (canis familiaris, c. lupus, vulpes vulpes and nyctereutes procyonoides) have been recorded as definitive hosts. a significance of meliorative channels as potentian foci of the alariasis infection is considered for the first time. | 2001 | 11547438 |
| experimental infection of european red foxes (vulpes vulpes) with canine herpesvirus. | we report on the pathogenicity of canine herpesvirus (chv) for european red foxes. in the first experiment, we inoculated 10 adult foxes intravenously with a canine isolate of chv. all foxes became infected and shed chv in saliva and genital secretions for up to 14 days post-inoculation (p.i.) as evaluated by pcr and/or by virus isolation. all foxes developed clinical signs such as fever, lethargy and evidence of respiratory tract disease. two foxes died on day 6 p.i., one on day 7 p.i., and one ... | 2001 | 11574171 |
| seasonal changes in spermatogenic activity and in plasma levels of fsh, lh and testosterone, and the effect of immunization against inhibin in the male silver fox (vulpes vulpes). | the cellular composition of the silver fox testis assessed by dna flow cytometry and histological analysis exhibited marked circannual alterations. the proportion of haploid cells increased from late october to the breeding season in february, while that of diploid cells decreased and that of tetraploid cells fluctuated during the same period. towards the end of march these changes were reversed. the seasonal variations in testicular histology paralleled the changes in distribution of cells from ... | 2001 | 11554986 |
| comparison of heavy metal concentrations in tissues of red foxes from adjacent urban, suburban, and rural areas. | the red fox (vulpes vulpes) is a representative of the canid family with wide distribution in the northern hemisphere and australia. the increasing utilization of urbanized habitats by red foxes prompted us to test whether this species may be used to monitor the presence of anthropogenic pollutants in cities or suburbs. for that purpose, we compared the concentrations of heavy metals (cd, pb, cu, zn) in foxes from urban, suburban, and rural areas within the municipality of zürich (switzerland). ... | 2001 | 11525499 |
| polyploidization in the trophoblast and uterine glandular epithelium of the endotheliochorial placenta of silver fox (vulpes fulvus desm.), as revealed by the dna content. | dynamics of genome multiplication during establishment of interrelations between trophoblast and glandular epithelium of the endometrium has been studied in the course of formation of placenta in the silver fox. during formation of the placenta, penetration of the trophoblast into the zone of the endometrial glandular epithelium and of endometrial blood vessels into the zone of expanding trophoblast occurs. the trophoblast, which gradually replaces epithelium and a part of the stroma of the endo ... | 2001 | 11373160 |
| optimising spring oral vaccination campaigns of foxes against rabies. | to optimise spring vaccination campaigns the following set of data has been analysed; (i) population dynamics of the red fox, (ii) onset and progress of the reproductive season, and (iii) maternal immunity and the immune response of fox cubs to oral vaccination. the field data originated from foxes caught in bavaria, germany. the results of our analysis clearly demonstrate that certain periods during spring are less suitable for bait distribution. if the objective of a vaccination campaign is to ... | 2001 | 11367882 |
| trade-off between floor level and floor material in farmed silver foxes. | farmed silver foxes (vulpes vulpes) were allowed to balance their known preference for an elevated floor against their presumed preference for a sand floor. in experiment 1, foxes had to choose between two identical cages, connected with an opening. one cage had a wire floor and the other had a sand floor, but the cages either were on the same (low or elevated) or on different levels (one cage 40 cm higher than the other). in experiment 2, the cage pairs were connected with a 1.2 m long wire-mes ... | 2001 | 11254995 |
| odor-induced variation in anxiety-like behavior in mice is associated with discrete and differential effects on mesocorticolimbic cholecystokinin mrna expression. | the present investigation assessed alterations in mesocorticolimbic cholecystokinin (cck) mrna following novel predator and non-predator odor exposure and light-dark testing in cd-1 mice. in brief, acute exposure of cd-1 mice to the predator odor, 2,5-dihydro-2, 4,5-trimethylthiazoline (tmt; the major component of the anal gland secretions of the red fox), or the control odor, butyric acid (ba), suppressed rearing behavior during odor presentation, subsequently induced anxiety in the light dark ... | 2002 | 12431849 |
| kinetics of maternal immunity against rabies in fox cubs (vulpes vulpes). | in previous experiments, it was demonstrated that maternal antibodies (maab) against rabies in foxes (vulpes vulpes) were transferred from the vixen to her offspring. however, data was lacking from cubs during the first three weeks post partum. therefore, this complementary study was initiated. | 2002 | 12069694 |
| control of fertility in the red fox (vulpes vulpes): effect of a single oral dose of cabergoline in early pregnancy. | single oral doses of 100 microg kg(-1) cabergoline (cab) were previously found to affect the reproductive success of silver fox (vulpes vulpes) vixens from day 28 post insemination (pi) onwards by causing abortions and postnatal mortality. the present trial investigated the effect of a single oral dose of 100 microg kg(-1) cab given to farmed silver fox vixens at 7, 14, 21 or 28 days pi. six vixens were dosed with cab at each day pi and abortions, total post-partum litter loss and the combined e ... | 2002 | 12051520 |
| identification of post-vasectomy sperm auto-antigens in fox (vulpes vulpes) by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and western blotting. | the aim of this work was to identify antigenic surface proteins on fox spermatozoa. six foxes were inguitinally vasectomised, and the time course of antibody response in the sera was studied. five out of the six foxes reacted to vasectomy with a production of antisperm antibodies. the number of bands recognised by western blot was maximal 120-150 days after the vasectomy, at the end of the reproductive season. on the whole, 30 bands were recognised between 9 and 150 kda. the pattern of recognise ... | 2002 | 11839396 |
| echinococcosis/hydatidosis in western iran. | in the present study, 115 stray dogs (56 males and 59 females, mixed breed), 86 golden jackal (canis aureus, 42 males and 44 females), 60 red foxes (vulpes vulpes, 33 males and 27 females), and three female wolves (canis lupus) were examined for echinococcus granulosus infection, as well as, 32,898 sheep, 10,691 goats, 15,779 cattle and 659 buffaloes for hydatid infection from five provinces in western iran during 3 years (1997-2000). meanwhile fertility rates of different types and forms of cys ... | 2002 | 11900930 |
| infectivity of trichinella papuae for experimentally infected red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | to evaluate infectivity for carnivores as well as other biological characteristics of the newly described trichinella papuae, eight red foxes were experimentally infected with the parasite. five weeks after inoculation, t. papuae larvae were recovered from nine different muscle types. the larvae recovered from muscle tissue were shown to be infective to mice, to have a very low tolerance to freezing, and to survive longer than the other trichinella genotypes in decaying tissue up to 5 weeks afte ... | 2002 | 11934461 |
| prevalence and intensity of echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes schrencki) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides albus) in otaru city, hokkaido, japan. | a survey was done in an attempt to investigate the epidemiological status of echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes and raccoon dogs in otaru city from june to september 1999. sixty-seven red foxes (vulpes vulpes schrencki) and 13 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides albus) were captured, and postmortem examinations were conducted with them. thirty-eight red foxes (56.7%) and 3 raccoon dogs (23.1%) were found to be infected with e. multilocularis. the total biomass of e. multilocularis in al ... | 2002 | 11949476 |
| [the occurrence of echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes in lower saxony: identification of a high risk area by spatial epidemiological cluster analysis]. | there is considerable interest in the spatial distribution of echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes l.), because this parasite causes the zoonoses of alveolar echinococcosis which is potentially of high fatality rate. high risk areas are known from france, switzerland and the swabian alb in germany for a long time. in this work, the spatial scan statistic is introduced as an instrument for identification and localisation of high risk areas, so called disease clusters in spatial ... | 2002 | 12481649 |
| the red fox, vulpes v. aegyptiaca, a new host of leishmania major in sinai peninsula. | a leishmanial isolate was obtained from the ear of one red fox or nile fox (vulpes v. aegyptiaca) out of eight from north sinai governorate. the isolate was typed by the enzymatic variant profiles of the four enzymes, gpi, g6pd. 6pgd and pgm against the three old world reference strains, l. major, l. tropica and l. donovani and proved to be leishmania major. this is the second time that l. major has been shown to occur in canine hosts. the list of the mammalian hosts of l. major was reviewed and ... | 2002 | 12512806 |
| prevalence of antibodies against canine distemper virus among red foxes in luxembourg. | canine distemper virus (cdv) has a wide host spectrum, and during the past years, distemper has been observed in species that were previously not considered to be susceptible. in this study, we investigated the prevalence of cdv-specific antibodies in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) sampled between may and november 1997. about 9 to 13% of the luxembourg red fox population is positive for antibodies against cdv. thus a sizeable proportion of red foxes has been exposed to cdv in the wild. the significan ... | 2002 | 12528458 |
| in contrast to dogs, red foxes (vulpes vulpes) did not shed neospora caninum upon feeding of intermediate host tissues. | to clarify whether red foxes (vulpes vulpes) can be final hosts of neospora caninum, foxes and dogs were fed in parallel on tissues of a sheep and a goat experimentally infected with n. caninum. the faeces of at least two of five dogs contained n. caninum oocysts, as determined by bioassay. in the faeces of all six foxes fed in parallel, oocysts were detected that were larger in size (length 12.6 +/- 0.5 microm, width 11.8 +/- 0.4 microm) than the oocysts shed by the dogs. ribosomal rna sequence ... | 2002 | 11822736 |
| aberrant toxocara canis in a red fox. | during necropsy of a red fox (vulpes vulpes) heart an adult, male toxocara canis was found under the pericardium at the junction of the right ventricle and right atrium. the life cycle of t. canis is complex and includes tracheal and somatic migrations of larvae, and they can be found in many tissues throughout the host's body. however, it is rare for adult ascarids to be recovered outside of the small intestine. this is the first report of an adult t. canis inside the pericardial space. | 2002 | 11838221 |
| notoedric and sarcoptic mange in free-ranging lynx from switzerland. | between march and december 1999, five free-ranging lynx (lynx lynx) affected by mange were found dead or shot by game wardens in the swiss alps. in the first two cases, notoedres cati was isolated from the skin; in the third and fourth case, sarcoptes scabiei was the cause of the infection; and in the fifth case, a mixed infection was diagnosed. red foxes (vulpes vulpes) affected with sarcoptic mange and domestic cats infested with n. cati are likely to be the sources of infection. it seems impr ... | 2002 | 11838224 |
| survey for trichinella spp. in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in belgium. | concurrently with a survey for echinococcus multilocularis in the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in flanders, northern belgium, serological and parasitological analyses for trichinella spp. were carried out from 1996 to 1999. muscle samples from foxes in wallonia, southern belgium, were obtained during a survey for rabies and alveolar echinococcosis from 1998 to 2000. in muscle samples from tongue, diaphragm, hindlegs and tail of 179 flemish foxes no larvae were found by trichinoscopy. serum and muscle ... | 2002 | 11751003 |
| detection and genetic characterization of canine distemper virus (cdv) from free-ranging red foxes in italy. | fragments of the genes encoding the haemoagglutinin (h) and the nucleocapsid protein (n) of a canine distemper (cdv)-like virus affecting a red fox (vulpes vulpes) were sequenced and analysed. the cdv-like virus detected in the fox was found to be not dissimilar, in both the h and n gene, from other cdvs spreading in italy, as well as all over the world, and phylogenetic analysis on the h protein-encoding gene allowed to include all the italian cdvs in the h european genotype. | 2002 | 12005452 |
| oral efficacy of an attenuated rabies virus vaccine in skunks and raccoons. | raccoons and skunks are major rabies reservoirs in north america. oral vaccination is one method to consider for disease control in these carnivores. under field conditions in the usa, only one oral rabies vaccine has been used. it is efficacious in wildlife such as raccoons (procyon lotor), coyotes (canis latrans), and foxes (vulpes vulpes) but not in skunks (mephitis mephitis). the objectives of this study were to evaluate an attenuated sag-2 rabies virus vaccine for safety, immunogenicity, an ... | 2002 | 12038142 |
| differential expression of motivational stimulus properties by dopamine in nucleus accumbens shell versus core and prefrontal cortex. | the response of extracellular dopamine (da) and its relationship to motivational valence (positive or negative) and novelty of motivational stimuli was investigated by brain microdialysis in the nucleus accumbens (nac) shell and core and prefrontal cortex (pfcx) of rats. stimuli were elicited by intraoral infusion of 20% sucrose, sucrose plus chocolate, quinine, and nacl solutions, feeding of a palatable food (fonzies), or smelling of a predator (red fox) urine. sucrose elicited appetitive react ... | 2002 | 12040078 |
| associations between trichinella species and host species in finland. | examination of 627 wild animals--raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides), red foxes (vulpes vulpes), european lynxes (lynx lynx), brown bears (ursus arctos), wolves (canis lupus), and badgers (meles meles)--revealed trichinella spp. the prevalence varied according to geographical region of finland (north; southwest, sw; and southeast, se) and was the highest among lynxes (70%, sw). the risk of trichinellosis was higher in the se (odds ratio, or, 19.4) and sw regions (or 14.3), as compared with t ... | 2002 | 12053985 |
| partial characterization of antigenic sperm proteins in foxes (vulpes vulpes). | the aim of this work was to identify antigenic proteins on fox spermatozoa. fox spermatozoa proteins were injected into 3 female rabbits and into 3 male and 3 female foxes. in rabbits, a rapid humoral response was observed. using rabbit sera for western blotting, 23 fox sperm protein bands were recognized between 10 and 110 kd. in foxes, the time course of antibody response was studied in the same manner. the number of recognized bands was maximal on day 75 for 2 foxes, on day 90 for 3 foxes, an ... | 2002 | 12065460 |
| ribosomal and mitochondrial dna sequence variation in sarcoptes mites from different hosts and geographical regions. | in order to investigate the extent of the genetic variation in the dna sequences of sarcoptes scabiei, mite populations collected on alpine chamois ( rupicapra rupicapra), pyrenean chamois ( rupicapra pyrenaica) and red fox ( vulpes vulpes) from different localities of italy and spain were studied. sequence analyses were carried out on the second internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal dna and on the 16s mitochondrial rrna gene. its-2 sequences showed a higher degree of genetic poly ... | 2002 | 12122437 |
| red foxes (vulpes vulpes) are a natural intermediate host of neospora caninum. | the present study was undertaken to determine if red foxes are natural intermediate and/or definitive host for neospora caninum and to study the importance of infection of n. caninum in this species in north-eastern spain. faecal samples and brain tissues were obtained from 122 foxes from 21 rural areas of catalonia. faeces collected were examined for parasite eggs and coccidian oocysts using sucrose flotation. for pcr-based diagnosis of n. caninum in brain tissues, the specific genomic nc5 regi ... | 2002 | 12163240 |
| dose-dependent egg excretion in foxes ( vulpes vulpes) after a single infection with toxocara canis eggs. | faecal egg counts were performed daily for a period of 4 months on six silver fox cubs inoculated individually with an egg dose of 30, 100, 300, 1,000, 3,000, or 20,000 toxocara canis eggs. at the lowest and the highest dose levels, the cubs did not develop patent infections. in the remaining cubs, the initial appearance of eggs in the faeces occurred 35-38 days post-infection (dpi), the patency period varied between 8 and 72 days, and the maximal epg ranged from 980 to 5,700 (39-85 dpi). the hi ... | 2002 | 12209336 |
| potential remedy against echinococcus multilocularis in wild red foxes using baits with anthelmintic distributed around fox breeding dens in hokkaido, japan. | the effect of bait-delivered anthelmintic to reduce the prevalence of echinococcus multilocularis in wild red foxes was evaluated in koshimizu, in the eastern part of hokkaido, japan. the study area (200 km2) was divided into baited and non-baited sections. the anthelmintic baits were distributed around fox den sites in the baited section every month for 13 months. after 1 year of the anthelmintic bait distribution, the prevalence of e. multilocularis in foxes, evaluated either by the parasite e ... | 2002 | 12211605 |
| dependence of population response to fertility control on the survival of sterile animals and their role in regulation. | the species for which fertility control is presently used, or for which it is being developed, range from small mammal pests, such as the house mouse (mus domesticus), to large mammals, such as the african elephant (loxodonta africana). however, the possibility of a population response other than a reduction in abundance proportional to the fraction of animals rendered infertile has been shown in field trials. for example, when intermediate levels of sterility were imposed on wild populations of ... | 2002 | 12220168 |
| do helminths increase the vulnerability of released pheasants to fox predation? | the success of ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus) restocking in asturias, northern spain was assessed, and the role of parasites and predators in the mortality of released birds was studied. the experimental release of 56 radio-tagged pheasants showed that 98% of birds died within 12 days. as soon as 72 h after release, 67.5% of males and 55.0% of females were found dead. foxes (vulpes vulpes) killed 63% of the birds. the survival of those birds killed by foxes was lower than for birds w ... | 2002 | 12363375 |
| populations in variable environments: the effect of variability in a species' primary resource. | mechanistic models for herbivore populations responding to rainfall-driven pasture are used to explore the effect of temporal variability in a primary resource on the abundance and distribution of a species. if the numerical response of the herbivore to pasture is a convex function, then gains made over time intervals with above average rainfall do not compensate for losses incurred when rainfall is below average. populations therefore fare worse when rainfall is variable compared with when rain ... | 2002 | 12396516 |
| canine 5s rrna: nucleotide sequence and chromosomal assignment of its gene cluster in four canid species. | the purpose of this study was to determine the nucleotide sequence of canine 5s rrna and use this information to develop a molecular probe to assign the gene locus to chromosomes of the dog and three other related canid species using fluorescence in situ hybridization. the nucleotide sequence of canine liver 5s rrna is 120 base pairs long and identical to the 5s rrna nucleotide sequence of all other mammalian species investigated so far. a single 5s rrna gene cluster was localized pericentromeri ... | 2002 | 12438712 |
| comparative molecular cytogenetic studies in the order carnivora: mapping chromosomal rearrangements onto the phylogenetic tree. | we have made a set of chromosome-specific painting probes for the american mink by degenerate oligonucleotide primed-pcr (dop-pcr) amplification of flow-sorted chromosomes. the painting probes were used to delimit homologous chromosomal segments among human, red fox, dog, cat and eight species of the family mustelidae, including the european mink, steppe and forest polecats, least weasel, mountain weasel, japanese sable, striped polecat, and badger. based on the results of chromosome painting an ... | 2002 | 12438790 |
| use of rapd technique in evolution studies of four species in the family canidae. | the rapd-pcr technique was applied to identify genetic markers able to distinguish between four canid species: the arctic fox (alopex lagopus), red fox (vulpes vulpes), chinese raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides) and six breeds of the domestic dog (canis familiaris). a total of 29 ten-nucleotide arbitrary primers were screened for their potential use in the differentiation of these species. ten primers amplified rapd profiles that made it possible to distinguish between the inves ... | 2002 | 12441633 |
| raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides)--the new host of echinococcus multilocularis in poland. | the alimentary canals of 9 species of domesticated or wild animals were examined for the presence of e. multilocularis. the tapeworm was found in 9 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) out of 155 examined (5.8%) and in 2 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) of 25 examined (8.0%). our studies proved that in poland the raccoon dog can also be infected with e. multilocularis. | 2002 | 16883704 |
| exclusion by interference competition? the relationship between red and arctic foxes. | the distribution of many predators may be limited by interactions with larger predator species. the arctic fox in mainland europe is endangered, while the red fox is increasing its range in the north. it has been suggested that the southern distribution limit of the arctic fox is determined by interspecific competition with the red fox. this has been criticised, on the basis that the species co-exist on a regional scale. however, if the larger red fox is superior and interspecific competition im ... | 2002 | 28547354 |
| morbidity and mortality of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) admitted to the wildlife center of virginia, 1993-2001. | the medical records of 48 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 35 gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) examined at the wildlife center of virginia (waynesboro, virginia, usa) from 1993 to 2001 were reviewed. the most common diagnosis in red foxes was orphaned (33%), followed by trauma (27%), undetermined diagnosis (23%), and sarcoptic mange (17%). trauma (46%) was the most frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in gray foxes followed by orphaned (23%), undetermined (20%), toxoplasmosis (6%), presum ... | 2003 | 12910780 |
| helminth fauna of the red fox (vulpes vulpes linnaeus, 1758) in southern belarus. | we examined 94 carcasses of and 1,213 faecal samples from red foxes collected between 1981 and 2001 in natural and transformed ecosystems in the southern part of belarus. a total of 32 helminth species were found. of these, the most common were alaria alata, pearsonema plica, taenia crassiceps, toxocara canis, trichinella spp. larvae and uncinaria stenocephala. all species are significant for medical and veterinary health. | 2003 | 12474048 |
| the role of differential reinforcement in predator avoidance learning. | little is known about how predator recognition develops under natural conditions. predispositions to respond to some stimuli preferentially are likely to interact with the effects of experience. convergent evidence from several studies suggests that predator-nai;ve tammar wallabies (macropus eugenii) have some ability to respond to vertebrate predators differently from non-predators and that antipredator responses can be selectively enhanced by experience. here, we examined the effects of differ ... | 2003 | 12543486 |
| sarcoptic mange (sarcoptes scabiei var vulpes) in a red fox (vulpes vulpes) population in north-west surrey. | 2003 | 12572941 | |
| liver enzyme activity and histological changes in the liver of silver foxes (vulpes vulpes fulva) experimentally infected with opisthorchiid liver flukes. a contribution to the pathogenesis of opisthorchiidosis. | blood samples from silver foxes experimentally infected with opisthorchis felineus and metorchis bilis, respectively, were examined for the activity of liver enzymes. the average activities of aspartate aminotransferase (ast), glutamate dehydrogenase (gldh), alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase in uninfected control animals were 20, 1.8, 57 and 44 units/l, respectively. the liver enzymes in infected foxes reacted differently, depending on dose, species of flukes and individual pecul ... | 2003 | 12632157 |
| echinococcus multilocularis: an emerging pathogen in hungary and central eastern europe? | echinococcus multilocularis, the causative agent of human alveolar echinococcosis, is reported for the first time in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in hungary. this parasite may be spreading eastward because the population of foxes has increased as a consequence of human interventions, and this spread may result in the emergence of alveolar echinococcosis in central eastern europe. | 2003 | 12643838 |
| the current and future management of wild mammals hunted with dogs in england and wales. | there is increasing concern about the use of lethal methods to control wild mammal populations, especially those methods that may have significant impacts on animal welfare. the continued use of dogs to hunt wild mammals in england and wales, principally foxes (vulpes vulpes), red deer (cervus elaphus), brown hares (lepus europaeus) and mink (mustela vison), has become a focus for political debate and has been the subject of a recent uk government inquiry. this paper reports the results of a que ... | 2003 | 12654279 |
| a hammondia-like parasite from the european fox (vulpes vulpes) forms biologically viable tissue cysts in cell culture. | tissue cysts of parasites of the genus hammondia are rarely described in naturally or experimentally infected intermediate hosts. however, ultrastructural examinations on tissue cyst stages of hammondia sp. are needed, e.g. to compare these stages with those of neospora caninum and other related parasites. we describe a cell culture system employed to examine the in vitro development of tissue cysts of a hammondia sp.-like parasite (isolate fox 2000/1) which uses the european fox as a definitive ... | 2003 | 12670509 |
| the city-fox phenomenon: genetic consequences of a recent colonization of urban habitat. | the red fox (vulpes vulpes) is one of the best-documented examples of a species that has successfully occupied cities and their suburbs during the last century. the city of zurich (switzerland) was colonized by red foxes 15 years ago and the number of recorded individuals has increased steadily since then. here, we assessed the hypothesis that the fox population within the city of zurich is isolated from adjacent rural fox populations against the alternative hypothesis that urban habitat acts as ... | 2003 | 12675821 |
| molecular studies on babesia, theileria and hepatozoon in southern europe. part i. epizootiological aspects. | molecular epizootiology of piroplasmids (babesia spp., theileria spp.) and hepatozoon canis was studied in mammals from southern europe (mainly from spain, but also from portugal and france). partial amplification and sequencing of the 18s rrna gene was used for molecular diagnosis. in some particular cases (b. ovis and b. bovis) the complete 18s rrna gene was sequenced. blood samples were taken from domestic animals showing clinical symptoms: 10 dogs, 10 horses, 10 cows, 9 sheep and 1 goat. in ... | 2003 | 12719133 |
| a sero-epidemiological survey on the occurrence of opisthorchiid liver flukes in red foxes ( vulpes vulpes) in berlin, germany. | serum samples collected from red foxes in the city of berlin between 1996 and 1999 were analysed for the presence of antibodies against opisthorchis felineus and metorchis bilis using an indirect elisa. out of 1,000 specimens, 30.6% and 46.5% reacted positively with specific o. felineus and m. bilis antigens, respectively. seroprevalence in adult foxes was always higher than in juveniles. while no significant differences were observed in adult foxes throughout the period, in juvenile specimens s ... | 2003 | 12743797 |
| patterns of nuclear dna degeneration over time--a case study in historic teeth samples. | the amount of nuclear dna extracted from teeth of 279 individual red fox vulpes vulpes collected over a period spanning the last three decades was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr). although teeth were autoclaved during initial collection, 73.8% of extracts contained sufficient dna concentration (> 5 pg/ micro l) suitable for reliable microsatellite genotyping but the quantity of nuclear dna decayed significantly over time in a nonlinear pattern. the success of pcr ampli ... | 2003 | 12753226 |
| pigmentary switches in domestic animal species. | although homogeneous pigmentation usually is observed in wild animals, most domestic animal species display a wide variety of coat colors. in fur animals, the coat color is an important production trait, and in other species such as cattle and sheep, the coat color is a major breed characteristic. variability in coat color is seen both within and between breeds, and makes domesticated species unique for studying gene function and gene regulation of loci affecting pigmentation. in several species ... | 2003 | 12851333 |
| hookworms of feral cats in florida. | thirty feral cats (felis catus) from alachua county (northern florida) and 30 from palm beach county (southern florida) were examined for hookworms. two species, ancylostoma tubaeforme and ancylostoma braziliense, were identified. forty-five cats (75%) were infected with a. tubaeforme, with a mean intensity of 48 hookworms per cat. twenty cats (33%) were infected with a. braziliense, with a mean intensity of 28 worms per cat. the prevalence of a. tubaeforme was greater than that of a. braziliens ... | 2003 | 12860064 |
| hammondia heydorni from the arabian mountain gazelle and red fox in saudi arabia. | unsporulated oocysts were detected in the feces of an arabian red fox (vulpes vulpes arabica) between 6 and 8 days after it had been fed meat from arabian mountain gazelles (gazella gazella) known to contain sarcocysts. no oocysts were discovered in the feces of other experimental cubs, although sporocysts of sarcocystis spp. were passed subsequently by all cubs that were fed gazelle meat, including those fed with reem (g. subgutturosa marica). the oocysts sporulated in 3 days at room temperatur ... | 2003 | 12880254 |
| rabies emergence among foxes in turkey. | sixteen rabies isolates recently collected from mainland turkey and two isolates held within a british archive were used to form a representative cohort from a range of vectors, and were analyzed to identify potential causes for an increase of rabies within the fox (vulpes vulpes) population in turkey. each isolate was characterized by sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein gene and compared phylogenetically to the cohort, to isolates from neighboring countries and to isolates from continental e ... | 2003 | 12910752 |
| lawsonia intracellularis in wild mammals in the slovak carpathians. | feces of wild mammals were collected in the bukovské vrchy hills (north-eastern slovakia) in january and february 2002. the feces were examined for lawsonia intracellularis by means of nested polymerase chain reaction. a total of 194 samples of feces from red deer (cervus elaphus), 46 samples from roe deer (capreolus capreolus), 31 samples from red fox (vulpes vulpes), 23 samples from gray wolf (canis lupus), and 12 samples from brown hare (lepus europaeus) were examined. lawsonia intracellulari ... | 2003 | 12910769 |
| the persistence of rabies virus antibodies in the sera of fox cubs. | the persistence of maternal antibodies transfer from rabies-immune vixens to their fox cubs was studied. eight vixens (vulpes vulpes) were vaccinated 1 month before pregnancy with lysvulpen vaccine for oral vaccination of foxes. twenty-one were foxes born at the first half of april. the geometrical mean titre of rabies neutralizing antibodies of fox cubs sampled in may was 1.31 iu/ml and has dropped successively to 0.54 iu/ml in june samples and to 0.18 iu/ml in july samples. it has been proven ... | 2003 | 12916696 |
| echinococcus multilocularis (cestoda, taeniidae) in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in northern belgium. | the first record of the tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis (cestoda, taeniidae) in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in northern belgium is described. between 1996 and 1999, 237 dead foxes were examined for the presence of this tapeworm using the intestinal scraping technique. four foxes (1.7%) were found to be infected with e. multilocularis and showed medium to very high parasitic burdens. three infected foxes originated from the south of the study area and the fourth animal came from the north of t ... | 2003 | 12935741 |
| molecular evolution of the leptin exon 3 in some species of the family canidae. | the structure of the leptin gene seems to be well conserved. the polymorphism of this gene in four species belonging to the canidae family (the dog (canis familiaris)--16 different breeds, the chinese racoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides), the red fox (vulpes vulpes) and the arctic fox (alopex lagopus)) were studied with the use of single strand conformation polymorphism (sscp), restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and dna sequencing techniques. for exon 2, all species pr ... | 2003 | 12939206 |
| extraintestinal nematode infections of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in hungary. | a survey was carried out to investigate the prevalence and worm burden of extraintestinal nematodes in 100 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) of hungary. the overall prevalence of nematode infections of the respiratory tract was 76%. eucoleus aerophilus (capillaria aerophila) was the predominant species (66%), followed by crenosoma vulpis (24%), eucoleus (capillaria) böhmi (8%) and angiostrongylus vasorum (5%). pearsonema (capillaria) plica was found in 52% of the urinary bladders. in 3% of the foxes, tr ... | 2003 | 12944046 |
| ectoparasite infestations of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in hungary. | a survey was carried out to investigate the ectoparasite infestations of 100 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in hungary. the overall prevalence of flea and tick infestation was high (62 and 86% with the dominance of the anthropophil pulex irritans and ixodes ricinus), but the number of parasites was low to moderate. felicola vulpis was not found in the present study, and the prevalence of otodectes cynotis was only 2%. based on prevalence (21%), mange lesion scores, and the negative correlation betwee ... | 2003 | 12944049 |
| indirect elisa for the detection of antibodies against opisthorchis felineus (rivolta, 1884) and metorchis bilis (braun, 1790) in foxes. | serological investigations focused on the detection of specific opisthorchiid liver fluke antibodies in silver foxes (vulpes vulpes fulva). animals were experimentally infected with opisthorchis felineus (nos. 1 and 2) and metorchis bilis (nos. 3-8) by feeding fish with a counted number of metacercariae. four foxes remained as non-infected negative controls (nos. 9-12). for the indirect elisa, an excretory-secretory antigen was produced by in vitro cultivation of o. felineus and m. bilis adults ... | 2003 | 12482649 |
| a red fox, vulpes vulpes shrencki, infected with echinococcus multilocularis was introduced from hokkaido island, where e. multilocularis is endemic, to aomori, northern part of the mainland japan. | 2003 | 14583648 | |
| prevalence of echinococcus multilocularis in the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in southern belgium. | between june 1998 and february 2002, 709 red foxes killed in wallonia (south of belgium) were available for parasitological examination of the gut. the identification of echinococcus multilocularis was based on morphological data. e. multilocularis adults were observed in 20.2% of the animals. the analysis of data revealed marked differences between the geological areas of wallonia; the highest prevalence (33%) was found in the ardenne and the lowest (0%) on the plateau de herve. host gender and ... | 2003 | 14597275 |
| prevalence of zoonotic important parasites in the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in great britain. | a national necropsy survey of red foxes was carried out across great britain to record echinococcus, trichinella and toxoplasma. the survey did not record directly, or indirectly using coproantigen/pcr tests, evidence for the presence of echinococcus multilocularis in 588 animals, although e. granulosus was suspected in six animals. parasitological evidence for trichinella spp. could not be found in 587 fox muscle digests, and a specific pcr test also failed to detect toxoplasma in a sub-set of ... | 2003 | 14651882 |
| a comparative study of the mammalian amygdala: a golgi study of the basolateral amygdala. | the lateral (la), basolateral (bl) and basomedial (bm) amygdaloid nuclei were compared in the guinea pig (cavia porcellus), rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) fox (vulpes vulpes) and pig (sus scrofa) by using the golgi techniques. the interspecific comparisons of the individual basolateral nuclei have shown that the neuronal structure in each of them is extremely stable and remains almost unchanged in the series of animals studied. the only difference is the size of the basolateral neurons, which in ... | 2003 | 14655113 |
| age- and sex-dependent distribution of persistent organochlorine pollutants in urban foxes. | the colonization of urban and suburban habitats by red foxes (vulpes vulpes) provides a novel sentinel species to monitor the spread of anthropogenic pollutants in densely populated human settlements. here, red foxes were collected in the municipal territory of zürich, switzerland, and their perirenal adipose tissue was examined for persistent organochlorine residues. this pilot study revealed an unexpected pattern of contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), with significantly higher l ... | 2003 | 14527839 |
| epizootiologic and ecologic investigations of european brown hares (lepus europaeus) in selected populations from schleswig-holstein, germany. | from 1997-99 european brown hare (lepus europaeus) population densities were estimated by spotlight surveys within different areas in schleswig-holstein, germany. these areas showed a wide variation in local hare population densities. in addition, red fox (vulpes vulpes) densities were estimated in 1997 by surveys of fox dens and litters. sera of 321 hares (shot between 1998-2000) from four study areas were examined for antibodies against european brown hare syndrome virus (ebhsv) by enzyme link ... | 2003 | 14733269 |
| comparative chromosomal localization of the canine-derived bac clones containing lep and igf1 genes in four species of the family canidae. | in the present report we show the chromosomal localization of two bac clones, carrying the leptin (lep) and insuline-like growth factor 1 (igf1) genes, respectively, in four species belonging to the family canidae: the dog, red fox, arctic fox and the chinese raccoon dog. the assignments are in agreement with earlier data obtained from comparative chromosome painting for the dog, red fox and arctic fox. | 2003 | 14970714 |
| environmental contamination with helminth infective stages implicated in water and foodborne diseases. | the number of parasites increased followed the rapid growing of human population on the earth. zoonoses with other medical disorders such allergy accompanied to the parasitic infection are under very carefull investigation. a zoonosis can be transmitted from animals to humans in various ways, depending on life cycle of parasite, the kind of hosts and geographical distribution of species. there are many diseases that can be linked to transmission from not only domestic but also from wild animals ... | 2003 | 15058813 |
| modeling control of rabies outbreaks in red fox populations to evaluate culling, vaccination, and vaccination combined with fertility control. | a predictive model of spread and control of rabies in red fox (vulpes vulpes) populations was used to evaluate efficacy of culling, oral vaccination, and oral vaccination and fertility control (v + fc) as rabies control strategies. in addition, effects of season, fox population density, and a delay in starting control were modeled. at fox densities of 0.5 fox families/km2 or greater, a single oral vaccination campaign with bait uptake rates of less than 50% resulted in ineffective rabies control ... | 2003 | 12910754 |
| origin of maternally transferred antibodies against rabies in foxes (vulpes vulpes). | during previous experiments, maternal antibodies against rabies were detected in the sera of fox cubs whelped by orally immunised vixens. these antibodies appear to be transferred exclusively via the colostrum. no evidence of maternally transferred immunity in the form of immunoglobulin g was found in 80 fox embryos collected from 19 rabies-immune vixens originating from areas where oral rabies vaccine baits had been distributed. | 2003 | 12877212 |
| oral vaccination against rabies and the behavioural ecology of the red fox (vulpes vulpes). | as a result of oral vaccination of foxes (vulpes vulpes) against rabies, this virus disease has almost been completely eradicated from west- and central europe. in most countries, vaccine baits were distributed twice a year: during spring (march to may) and autumn (september to october). this strategy has shown to be able to control and eventually eradicate rabies. however, it remains to be clarified if this is the most cost-effective strategy. astonishingly, the behavioural ecology of the targe ... | 2003 | 14720184 |
| changes in melanin granules in the fox due to coat color mutations. | hair samples from 11 different coat color phenotypes of the fox (vulpes vulpes) were examined microscopically to determine the effects of several mutations on melanin granule color and distribution. standard silver (b/b) causes the production of eumelanin rather than the phaeomelanin produced in wild-type red fox. fromm brown (bf/bf) and collicott brown (cb/cb) change the shape of the granules and convert eumelanin to brown and dark brown, respectively. the color dilution of eastern pearl (pe/pe ... | 2003 | 3403960 |
| the intestinal parasites of the red fox in south west wales. | 2003 | 953684 | |
| [the alpha-polypeptide chain primary structure in vulpes vulpes hemoglobin]. | 2003 | 5154990 | |
| karyotype of the american red fox (vulpes fulva). | 2003 | 5122376 | |
| variability in marine resources affects arctic fox population dynamics. | terrestrial predators in coastal areas are often subsidized by marine foods. in order to determine the potential impact on terrestrial prey, the numerical response of predators to each food source must be determined. in winter, arctic foxes (alopex lagopus) may forage on the frozen arctic ocean and scavenge carcasses of seals killed by polar bears (ursus maritimus), but the importance of this food source and its effect on the population cycles of arctic foxes and lemmings (their primary prey) ar ... | 2003 | 30893960 |
| study of the n-terminal sequence of hemoglobin of the fox vulpes vulpes. | 2004 | 5154826 | |
| muscular and myocardial degeneration in silver foxes (vulpes vulpes). | 2004 | 3748796 | |
| molecular epidemiology of terrestrial rabies in the former soviet union. | fifty-five rabies virus isolates originating from different regions of the former soviet union (fsu) were compared with isolates originating from eurasia, africa, and north america according to complete or partial nucleoprotein (n) gene sequences. the fsu isolates formed five distinct groups. group a represented viruses originating from the arctic, which were similar to viruses from alaska and canada. group b consisted of "arctic-like" viruses, originating from the south of east siberia and the ... | 2004 | 15650080 |
| crossreacting igg antibodies against fox mite antigens in human scabies. | scabies continues to be an important parasitic disease of mammals. there remain, however, major gaps in the understanding of the human host immune response, and a simple diagnostic test is lacking. in contrast to human mites, red fox mites (sarcoptes scabiei var. vulpis) can be collected easily and have been used, due to crossreactivity, for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) studies in dogs and pigs. we wanted to investigate the possibility that crossreactivity might also exist for the h ... | 2004 | 15650895 |
| salmonella isolates from wild birds and mammals in the basque country (spain). | the authors investigated the prevalence of salmonella spp. in 205 wild birds and mammals belonging to 45 species during the years 2001 and 2002 in the basque country (spain). salmonella was isolated from 16 (7.8%) animals. the prevalence was 8.5% (7/82) in birds, and 7.2% (9/123) in mammals. nine serotypes, all of them belonging to the species salmonella enterica, were identified: two isolates of typhimurium (from 1/3 griffon vultures [gyps fulvus], and 1/5 sparrowhawks [accipiter nisus]); one o ... | 2004 | 15861885 |
| copro-diagnosis of echinococcus multilocularis by a nested pcr in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from northern italy. | 2004 | 16044705 | |
| study on the ecological distribution of alveolar echinococcus in hulunbeier pasture of inner mongolia, china. | a study on the ecological distribution of alveolar echinococcus was carried out in the hulunbeier pasture of inner mongolia, china during 1998 and 1999. animals examined included wolves (canis lupus), red foxes (vulpes vulpes), sand foxes (vulpes corsac), domestic dogs (canis familiaris), microtus brandti, meriones unguiculatus, citellus dauricus, allactaga sibirica, phodopus sungorus and ochotona daurica. three wolves were found to be infected with e. granulosus. two sand foxes were infected wi ... | 2004 | 15030006 |
| a serosurvey of hepatozoon canis and ehrlichia canis antibodies in wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from israel. | a seroepidemiological survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis antigens in free-ranging red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in israel. of 84 fox sera assayed, 36% were seropositive for e. canis by the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test and 24% were positive for h. canis using an enzyme-linked immunosrbent assay (elisa). canine ehrlichiosis and hepatozoonosis appear to be endemic in the wild red fox populations in israel, and ... | 2004 | 15036573 |
| molecular and biologic characteristics of toxoplasma gondii isolates from wildlife in the united states. | toxoplasma gondii isolates can be grouped into 3 genetic lineages. type i isolates are considered more virulent in outbred mice and have been isolated predominantly from clinical cases of human toxoplasmosis, whereas types ii and iii isolates are considered less virulent for mice and are found in humans and food animals. little is known of genotypes of t. gondii isolates from wild animals. in the present report, genotypes of isolates of t. gondii from wildlife in the united states are described. ... | 2004 | 15040668 |
| rabies in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) experimentally infected with european bat lyssavirus type 1. | the susceptibility of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) to european bat lyssavirus type 1 (eblv-1) infection was examined. eight foxes were inoculated intramuscularly (i.m.) with 10(4.9) foci-forming units (ffu) (n = 4) and 10(5.1) ffu (n = 4) and observed for up to 90 days. all foxes showed manifestations of a neurologic disorder (e.g. seizures, myoclonus, agitation), starting as early as 5 days post-infection (p.i.). subsequently, all animals showed improvement followed by one or more relapses. one fo ... | 2004 | 15525359 |
| arctic rabies--a review. | rabies seems to persist throughout most arctic regions, and the northern parts of norway, sweden and finland, is the only part of the arctic where rabies has not been diagnosed in recent time. the arctic fox is the main host, and the same arctic virus variant seems to infect the arctic fox throughout the range of this species. the epidemiology of rabies seems to have certain common characteristics in arctic regions, but main questions such as the maintenance and spread of the disease remains lar ... | 2004 | 15535081 |
| biotin-avidin amplified elisa for detection of antibodies to sarcoptes scabiei in chamois (rupicapra spp.). | scabies is a major threat to the well being of mountain-dwelling bovid hosts, rupicapra rupicapra and rupicapra pyrenaica. severe outbreaks are in progress over a significant part of their distribution area and resource managers demand improved methods to monitor, analyse and possibly forecast the spread and effects of scabies at the population level. an amplified capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to detect antibodies to sarcoptes scabiei in chamois (rupicapra spp.) serum. ... | 2004 | 15535959 |
| circulation of toxocara spp. in suburban and rural ecosystems in the slovak republic. | toxocara spp., the common roundworms of domestic and wild animals, are the causative agents of larval toxocarosis in humans. the migration of toxocara larvae in men causes clinical syndrome, called larva migrans visceralis or larva migrans ocularis. the objective of the present work was to investigate the prevalence of toxocarosis in dogs, red foxes (vulpes vulpes), and small mammals in the slovak republic. t. canis infection was diagnosed in 16.6% out of 145 dogs examined. young animals showed ... | 2004 | 15567594 |