Publications

chronic haloperidol or fluphenazine: effects on dopamine metabolism in brain, cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of cercopithecus aethiops (vervet monkey).	chronic treatment with haloperidol for 3 to 5 weeks (0.5 mg/kg, daily) resulted in significant increases of homovanillic acid (hva) content in dorsal and orbital frontal cortex and in cingulate cortex. no change in hva was seen in the olfactory cortex, basal ganglia, cisternal cerebrospinal fluid or plasma of animals chronically treated with haloperidol. treatment with a single weekly dose of fluphenazine decanoate (5 mg/kg) for 3 weeks resulted in increased hva levels in all the above brain reg ...	1980	6766186
experimental salpingitis in grivet monkeys by chlamydia trachomatis. modes of spread of infection to the fallopian tubes.		1980	6769296
metabolic sequelae of experimental leptospirosis in grivet monkeys.	leptospira interrogans serovars balcanica and tarassovi both induced mild subclinical infections in grivet monkeys. the activities in serum of lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and creatine phosphokinase and the level of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin increased in a few days after infection. concomitant decreases in serum iron levels were observed in some cases. these changes occurred in the absence of any observable clinic ...	1980	6769455
bacteriological findings in a nonhuman primate colony.	a 5-year review (march 1974-march 1979) of bacteriological findings in old and new world primates is discussed. emphasis is on clinical findings in "sick" animals; the primary clinical problems being pneumonia, tuberculosis, intestinal disorders, and trauma infection. the isolation of infrequently encountered pathogenic organisms is discussed. nonhuman primtes included in this study are baboons (papio cynocephalus), chimpanzees (pan sp.), capuchins (cebus sp.), rhesus (macaca mulatta), marmoset ...	1980	6772506
dopamine, acetylcholine, and gaba effects in acute dystonia in primates.	neurological side effects associated with neuroleptic drugs result from a complex interaction of multiple neurotransmitters. to clarify the etiology of neuroleptic-induced acute dystonic reactions, monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were treated with haloperidol at doses sufficient to evoke dystonia, and the effects of agents that influenced dopaminergic, cholinergic, or gabaergic neurotransmitters were evaluated. apomorphine, a dopamine (da) agonist, and biperiden, an acetylcholine (ach) antagoni ...	1980	6775341
benign leptospirosis: the pathology of experimental infection of monkeys with leptospira interrogans serovars balcanica and tarassovi.	grivet monkeys experimentally infected with leptospira interrogans serovars balcanica and tarassovi showed no clinical disease, but severe meningoencephalitis was demonstrated histologically in animals killed 26 and 33 days after infection. the meningeal and perivascular reactions were exclusively lymphocytic. mild focal lesions of degeneration and cellular infiltration were also present in the kidneys and femoral musculature.	1980	6775660
sources of error in the isotopic cholesterol balance method in african green monkeys consuming a cholesterol-free diet.	six african green monkeys were labeled intravenously with [1,2-(3)h]cholesterol while consuming a cholesterol-free liquid formula diet. the plasma cholesterol specific activity was compared with the specific activity of the biliary cholesterol and bile acids and with the fecal neutral steroids in order to determine whether the traditional isotopic balance method was valid for the calculation of endogenous cholesterol excretion. the specific activity of biliary cholesterol and bile acids averaged ...	1980	6777440
electrophoretic patterns of aminoacylase-1 (acy-1) isozymes in vertebrate cells and histochemical procedure for detecting acy-1 activity.	a histochemical procedure has been developed for staining aminoacylase-1 (acy-1) isozymes after electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membranes. n-formyl-l-methionine and n-acetyl-l-methionine were excellent enzyme substrates in the staining reaction. the acy-1 isozymes from tissue culture cells of several vertebrate species showed distinguishable electrophoretic patterns. the acy-1 isozymes in extracts of mouse, human, owl monkey, and african green monkey kidney cells each had electrophoretic mo ...	1980	6781469
the effect of removal of the coagulum in the alveolus before replantation upon periodontal and pulpal healing of mature permanent incisors in monkeys.	the effect of removal of the coagulum in the alveolus before replantation upon periodontal and pulpal healing was studied in green vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). mandibular lateral incisors were extracted. the extra-alveolar period before replantation was 60 min. the storage medium for the extracted teeth was physiologic saline. on the right side of the mandible, the coagulum was removed before replantation, using syringe with saline assisted by a spoon-shaped excavator. on the left si ...	1980	6783573
scanning electron microscopy of frozen-cracked, dry-cracked, and enzyme-digested retinal tissue of a monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) and of man.	cracking and enzyme-digestion methods were applied to retinal tissue from a monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) and from man. by scanning electron microscopy (sem) of the various layers of the retina, as well as of single cells, cell connections and cell interiors were demonstrated in a three-dimensional form. the methods were particularly successful in demonstrating the fibre baskets of müller cells and the tongue-like processes of the inner photoreceptor segments surrounding the outer segment. cri ...	1980	6906138
vero cells injected with adenovirus type 2 mrna produce authentic viral polypeptide patterns: early mrna promotes growth of adenovirus-associated virus.	adenovirus type 2 mrnas were injected via glass capillaries into vero cells, a line of african green monkey kidney cells permissive for adenovirus growth. polypeptides synthesized after injection were labeled with 35s-labeled amino acids, precipitated with antiviral sera, and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. both early and late viral mrnas give rise to authentic polypeptides. the in vivo translation of mrnas can be measured as late as 24 hr after injection. the ability to analyze ...	1980	6928688
analysis of pathogenesis and topography of replacement root resorption (ankylosis) after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys.	the pathogenesis and topography of replacement root resorption (ankylosis) after replantation of incisors was examined in green vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). incisors were replanted after 0,18 or 120 min. storage and examined histometrically for replacement resorption after 2, 4 and 8 weeks. there was a significant preference for certain locations upon the root surface. thus, ankylosis was found significantly more often on the rounded labial and lingual surfaces than on the flat or co ...	1980	6938062
purification of kidney epithelial cell growth inhibitors.	two high molecular weight growth inhibitors have been isolated from the culture medium of bsc-1 cells, epithelial cells of african green monkey kidney. the purified kidney epithelial cell growth inhibitors, at ng/ml concentrations, reversibly arrest the growth of bsc-1 cells in the g1 phase of the cell cycle. their action is selective; they are most active on bsc-1 cells, are less active as inhibitors of the growth of rat lung and human breast epithelial cells, and do not inhibit the growth of 3 ...	1980	6969400
hemagglutination typing of escherichia coli: definition of seven hemagglutination types.	a hemagglutination (ha) typing system has been developed for demonstrating and characterizing the mannose-sensitive and mannose-resistant hemagglutinins produced by escherichia coli isolated from human sources. ha typing is performed by testing cfa agar-grown e. coli cells for ha with human, bovine, adult chicken, african green monkey, and guinea pig erythrocytes in the presence and absence of mannose. seven major ha types, designated ha type i through ha type vii, have been defined according to ...	1980	7014607
[rubella epidemic of 1977 in turin. virological studies].	during the outbreak of rubella in turin in 1977, 1,041 newborns, whose mother's pregnancy coincided with the epidemic, were studied for the elimination of rubella virus through inoculation in primary cultures of african green monkey kidney cells. additional 10 embryos or fetuses of therapeutic abortion from women with rubella early in pregnancy were studied through cultivation of material of abortion and inoculation in monkey cells. only one strain was isolated, from the placenta of an embryo wh ...	1980	7027975
observations on the inter-troop movement of adult vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops).	vervet troops are not closed units and migration - both into and out of the troop - occurs regularly. available data suggest that it is a male phenomenon related to the accessibility of adult females. the process and its implications are discussed.	1980	7191819
[social dominance in groups of green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) in captivity].		1980	7326081
experimental infection of the upper genital tract of female grivet monkeys with mycoplasma fermentans.	mycoplasma fermentans inoculated directly into the uterine tubes of female grivet monkeys produced a self-limiting acute salpingitis and parametritis. the inflammation was accompanied by a significant rise in titre of specific indirect haemagglutinating antibodies. inoculation of m. fermentans into the uterine cavity through the cervical canal without dilatation of the cervix produced practically no signs of inflammation and no antibody response. however, when the intrauterine inoculation of myc ...	1980	7359571
experimental epididymitis and urethritis in grivet monkeys provoked by chlamydia trachomatis.	recently chlamydia trachomatis has been indicated as a common cause of acute epididymitis in young men. in the present study, the grivet monkey was established as an experimental model for such infection. a yolk sac suspension of c. trachomatis, immunotype k, was inoculated into the left spermatic cords of two monkeys. on days 7 and 14 postinoculation (pi), the left testis of each monkey was enlarged to twice its normal size. the epididymis and the spermatic cord on the same side were swollen an ...	1980	7409251
experimental acute pyelonephritis in grivet monkeys, provoked by staphylococcus saprophyticus.	urinary tract infection by staphylococcus saprophyticus was provoked in two female grivet monkeys. a non-hemagglutinating strain of s. saprophyticus was injected into the renal pelvis of one of the animals (monkey i), while in the other (monkey ii), a hemagglutinating strain of the same species was inoculated into the bladder by suprapubic puncture. in monkey i, massive hematuria and proteinuria were demonstrated during the post-inoculation (p.i.) week, after which the monkey was killed. in monk ...	1980	7415843
[analysis of the biological effect of city smog extract. vi. comparative investigations on the effect of city smog extracts and their fractions on dna synthesis of hamster kidney and embryonic cells and kidney cells of the primate cercopithecus aethiops (author's transl)].	we analyzed the effect of two samples of city smog extracts and their fractions from duisburg on the rate of dna synthesis of mammalian cell cultures. - we employed tissue cultures of kidney and embryonic cells from the syrian golden hamster (cricetus aureatus) and kidney cells from the african green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). the dna synthesis was determined autoradiographically after incubation with 3h-thymidine. we found that both city smog extracts exerted a dose-dependent suppression ...	1980	7424254
influence of dietary fats and an oral contraceptive on plasma lipids, high density lipoproteins, gallstones, and atherosclerosis in african green monkeys.	twenty-nine african green monkeys were fed diets for 22 months containing 0.79 mg cholesterol/kcal and 40% of calories as either safflower oil or butter with or without the addition of an estrogen- and progestin-containing oral contraceptive. plasma cholesterol concentrations ranged from 199 to 250 mg/dl. animals consuming the safflower oil diet had plasma cholesterol concentrations that averaged 61 mg/dl lower than those consuming butter. at least 72% of this lowering was due to a reduction in ...	1980	7426079
electrocardiographic studies in african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops).	electrocardiograms obtained as part of a pre-experimental clinical examination were analyzed for a newly purchased group of 46 male african green vervets. in general, they were similar to electrocardiograms reported for other old world species. an unexpectedly high prevalence (17%) of electrocardiogram abnormalities was found in this young (4--6 years of age) vervet population. the main abnormalities were nonspecific t wave flattening, left axis deviation, peaked p waves, rsr' patterns, and abno ...	1980	7431868
excretion, isolation and structure of a new phenolic constituent of female urine.	the regular occurrence of a peak due to an unidentified substance (x) in the gas chromatographic traces obtained from phenolic extracts of urine from human pregnant and non-pregnant females has been reported. the biphasic excretion of x with maxima in the luteal phase of the ovulatory cycle and relatively high levels in the first trimester of pregnancy were noteworthy and suggested that the substance may have a biological significance. close similarities between the excretory pattern, the chemic ...	1980	7432490
recovery of monkeys after myocardial infarction with ventricular fibrillation. effects of pgb.	pgbx, a polymeric, stable, free radical derivative of 15-keto-prostaglandin b1, that conserves oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria under degenerative conditions in vitro, affected survival of male rhesus monkeys (5-9 kg) anesthetized with pentobarbital and subjected to coronary ligation and induced ventricular fibrillation (vf). in tests performed in sequence with intervening periods for recover, intracardiac injections of norepinephrine (ne), cardiac massage (cm), and electrical defibrill ...	1980	7433535
highly repetitive component alpha and related alphoid dnas in man and monkeys.	the genomes of old-world, new-world, and prosimian primates contain members of a large class of highly repetitive dnas that are related to one another and to component alpha dna of the african green monkey by their sequence homologies and restriction site periodicities. the members of this class of highly repetitive dnas are termed the alphoid dnas, after the prototypical member, component alpha of the african green monkey which was the first such dna to be identified (maio, 1971) and sequenced ...	1980	7438883
experimental pelvic inflammatory disease provoked by chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma hominis in grivet monkeys.	pelvic inflammatory disease was produced by inoculation with mycoplasma hominis and chlamydia trachomatis directly into the fallopian tubes of grivet monkeys. the effects of various routes of infection were examined. the method of inoculation with the infecting agent influenced the resulting clinical spectrum. in these monkeys significant changes in humoral antibodies occurred with inflammation caused by both m. hominis and c. trachomatis. development of cellular antibodies against m. hominis co ...	1980	7468686
banding patterns of the chromosomes of miopithecus talapoin compared with macaca mulatta and cercopithecus aethiops.	the g-, c-, and q-banding and nor patterns of the chromosomes of miopithecus talapoin are described. g-banding patterns are compared with those of macaca mulatta and cercopithecus aethiops which show large homoeologies.	1980	7449434
[morphology of the stomach of cercopithecus aethiops].		1980	7349081
studies of primate protein variation and evolution: microelectrophoretic detection.	genetic variation at 16 protein and enzyme loci in ceropithecus aethiops and several other primate species has been surveyed, using cellulose acetate microelectrophoresis. resolution of several standard variant proteins is comparable to that achieved on starch gel or polyacrylamide gel. although both intraspecific and interspecific variation was observed for some loci, the data generally support the concept that extracellular proteins are more likely to be polymorphic within a species, while int ...	1980	7470021
the shape and measurements of the stomach in cercopithecus aethiops.		1981	6973512
effect of sucrose polyester on plasma lipids with cholesterol absorption in african green monkeys with variable hypercholesterolemic response to dietary cholesterol.		1981	7464563
poly i:c/poly-l-lysine: potent inducer of interferons in primates.	a soluble complex of poly i:c and poly-l-lysine (poly i:c/poly-l-lysine) has been prepared that induces high titers of circulating interferon in monkeys. by limiting the molar ratio of lysine to nucleotide to 0.5, a complex was formed that was soluble up to 2.0 mg poly i:c/ml of phosphate-buffered saline. complexes of poly i:c with poly-l-lysine of various molecular weights, and in a constant ratio (0.5) of lysine to nucleotide, were evaluated for capacity to induce serum interferon in grivet mo ...	1981	7202031
measles virus: evolution of a persistent infection in bgm cells.	an african green monkey kidney cell line (bgm) persistently infected with measles virus (bgm/hallé cells) has been studied during 3 years in culture. the early cell passages were characterized by slow growing cultures producing high yields of infections virus (10(6)--10(7) pfu/ml). these cells were gradually replaced by a population of cells multiplying at a similar rate as non-infected cells. during this evolution, the virus released from the cells changed from a large plaque variant, to a smal ...	1981	7236013
nutritional effects on blood lipid and hdl cholesterol concentrations in two subspecies of african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops).	the african green monkey has previously been found to be a promising model for the study of atherosclerosis. we have compared the plasma and hdl cholesterol response to dietary manipulation in the two subspecies of african green monkeys (vervets and grivets) most often imported for biomedical research purposes. twenty vervets and 20 grivets were fed, in succession, diets containing safflower oil, butter, or lard as the principal dietary fat at a level of 40% of calories. ten animals of each subs ...	1981	7240958
the long-term effects of dietary sucrose polyester on african green monkeys.		1981	7255418
blood protein variation in a population of ethiopian vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops aethiops).	seven small groups of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops aethiops), totaling 124 individuals, from awash national park, ethiopia, were trapped and blood samples were obtained. twenty-three loci were examined by starch gel electrophoresis and four loci, tf, e, ada, and pmg2 were found to be polymorphic. the average heterozygosity (h) of the population was calculated to be 5.6%. no significant deviations from hardy-weinberg equilibrium proportions occurred and a chi-square test for group homog ...	1981	7258346
effect of orbitofrontal and temporal neocortical lesions of the affiliative behavior of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus).		1981	7262243
haptic to visual cross-modal recognition of objects in the vervet monkey.	five juvenile vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were tested using the cowey and weiskrantz technique. the animals had access in the dark to distasteful biscuits of one shape and tasteful biscuits of another shape. later they were shown a pair of biscuits, one of each shape, and the animals first selection was scored. a single pair of shapes was used with flavor assigned daily according to a gellerman schedule. in 69 percent of trials the monkeys selected the tasteful shape (p less than 0. ...	1981	7270253
funduscopic observations in a colony of african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops).	funduscopic examinations were performed on 139 african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). notable observations were made in 5% including varying degrees of retinal hypopigmentation and nerve fiber myelination. bilateral optic nerve head colobomas were found in one monkey. this species was easily tranquilized and examined using the described methods.	1981	7277462
response of small intestinal flora to elemental diet and pancreatic duct ligation in vervet monkey.	the small intestinal flora of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) was examined before and after feeding elemental diet and after ligation of the pancreatic duct. elemental diet did not produce significant changes of the intestinal microbial flora. however, an increase of the microbial count consisting mainly of enterobacteriaceae, molds and yeasts was observed in the duct-ligated animals, significantly more pronounced than in the sham-operated controls. the data confirm previous studies demo ...	1981	7277464
ultrastructure of leydig cells in the african green monkey.		1981	7299901
acyclovir treatment of experimental simian varicella infection of monkeys.	replication of simian varicella virus (svv) in vero cell cultures was inhibited by acyclovir, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acv), at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml in culture medium. intravenous administration of acv at 10 mg/kg twice a day for 10 days or 15 mg/kg three times a day for 5 days to patas monkeys (erythrocebus patas) beginning 48 h after svv inoculation blocked the appearance of rash and other clinical symptoms but did not affect viremia. acv treatment of african green monk ...	1981	7305319
attempts to produce gynaecological disease in grivet monkeys with ureaplasma urealyticum.	attempts were made to infect grivet monkeys with ureaplasma urealyticum, including strains freshly isolated from patients with infection of the genito-urinary tact, laboratory reference strains and simian strains. the organisms were inoculated directly into the uterine tubes exposed at laparotomy, or through the cervical canal into the uterine cavity before endometrial curettage; but only colonisation, of up to 5 months' duration, was achieved, without evidence of inflammation in the genital tra ...	1981	7310848
a comparative study of culturally transmitted patterns of feeding habits in the chacma baboon papio ursinus and the vervet monkey cercopithecus aethiops.	japanese workers have studied social acquisition patterns of new feeding habits in macaca fuscata which they have termed precultural. the present study investigates the same phenomenon in the chacma baboon and the vervet monkey in their natural habitat. the questions addressed are: (1) how a new feeding habit enters a troop and by which age and sex category, also how it is propagated? (2) when individuals are permitted with a choice between palatable and unpalatable food, can they learn by demon ...	1981	7319426
b-lymphotropic papovavirus and possibility of infections in humans.	a novel member of the papovavirus group has been isolated from ebv-transformed african green monkey (agm) b-lymphoblasts. the virus is characterized by its b-lymphotropic host range and has tentatively been named "lymphotropic papovavirus" (lpv). seroepidemiological studies revealed that besides sera from african green monkeys a substantial proportion of human sera reacted with antigens of this virus. the specificity of this reaction observed in indirect immunofluorescence tests was underlined b ...	1981	7017066
structural interaction of cytoskeletal components.	three-dimensional cytoskeletal organization of detergent-treated epithelial african green monkey kidney cells (bsc-1) and chick embryo fibroblasts was studied in whole-mount preparations visualized in a high voltage electron microscope. stereo images are generated at both low and high magnification to reveal both overall cytoskeletal morphology and details of the structural continuity of different filament types. by the use of an improved extraction procedure in combination with heavy meromyosin ...	1981	7019221
comparison of serological tests for detection of mycoplasma hominis antibodies in female grivet monkeys with experimentally induced salpingitis.	four serological tests, viz. indirect hemagglutination (iha), metabolism inhibition (mi), immunofluorescence (imf), and a modification of the growth-inhibition (gi) test have been compared for the detection of antibodies against mycoplasma hominis in female grivet monkeys with experimentally induced pelvic inflammatory disease. moreover, cold hemagglutinins (cha), and immunoglobulins, m, g, and a have been determined. the iha test was found to be superior to the other methods used. the antibodie ...	1981	7020337
hemolysin and k antigens in relation to serotype and hemagglutination type of escherichia coli isolated from extraintestinal infections.	escherichia coli isolated from cases of bacteremia and from a variety of urinary tract infections were characterized according to serotype (o:h antigenicity), k type (possession of k1, k2, k3, k12, or k13), hemagglutination (ha) type, and production of beta-hemolysin. results obtained with the bacteremia and urinary tract infection isolates were similar except for more hemolytic isolated from urine than from blood (42 versus 29%) and more k1+ isolates from blood than from urine (50 versus 29%). ...	1981	7007421
a stereotaxic brain atlas of the green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops aethiops).		1981	6751347
nongonococcal pelvic inflammatory disease.	nongonococcal pid remains a major concern in gynecology and an important public health problem. although debate continues as to the etiologic role of nongonococcal organisms in acute pid, anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, c. trachomatis, and mycoplasmas have all been implicated. actinomycotic pid is uniquely related to iud use. the optimal treatment for nongonococcal pid is unknown, but tetracycline and its derivatives are effective against a broad spectrum of nongonococcal organisms. abscesses an ...	1981	7037257
peripheral correlates of serotonergically-influenced behaviors in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus).	the associations among twelve behaviors and three potential peripheral markers of central serotonergic activity were investigated in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus). the behaviors monitored included approach, heterogroom, rest, eat, avoid, be solitary, be vigilant, huddle, initiate aggress, receive aggress, and engage in sexual behavior. the biochemical parameters measured were whole blood serotonin, plasma free tryptophan, and plasma total tryptophan. throughout the study period ...	1981	6784141
immunohistochemical localization of fsh and lh in the pars distalis of vervet (cercopithecus aethiops) and baboon (papio hamadryas) pituitaries.	antisera against olh, beta olh and beta hfsh were used to localize gonadotropic cells in the pars distalis of cercopithecus aethiops and papio hamadryas. three separate cell types were observed for fsh and lh: 85% of immunohistochemically identified gonadotropic cells reacted to all the various antisera; 10% reacted with the anti-beta olh antibody only; and 5% with the anti-beta hfsh antibody only. comparisons between adjacent serial sections treated with various antisera, other than anti-gonado ...	1981	6786752
effect of extra-alveolar period and storage media upon periodontal and pulpal healing after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys.	the effect of extra-alveolar period and storage media upon periodontal and pulpal healing after replantation was studied in green vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). mandibular lateral incisors were extracted. the extra-alveolar period before replantation was 0, 18, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. the storage media for the extracted teeth were tap water, physiologic saline, saliva or dry storage. the animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after replantation and the replanted teeth were examined histometr ...	1981	6792094
evaluation of different types of autotransplanted connective tissues as potential periodontal ligament substitutes. an experimental replantation study in monkeys.	the purpose of the present study was to investigate connective tissue autotransplants as potential periodontal ligament substitutes. green vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were used. maxillary permanent central incisors were extracted, root filled extraorally and the periodontal ligament removed from the root surface and the socket wall. two circular cavities were prepared mesially and distally on the root surface. different types of connective tissue autotransplants were then placed in t ...	1981	6797974
sequence relationships between single repeat units of highly reiterated african green monkey dna.	individual monomer and dimer units of the highly repeated alpha-component dna of african green monkeys were isolated and amplified by molecular cloning in pbr322. the purified sequences were characterized by digestion with restriction endonucleases and by primary nucleotide sequence analysis. comparison of the cloned units with the 172 base pair long sequence representing the most abundant nucleotide at each position in the set of sequences comprising alpha-component allows the following conclus ...	1981	6259618
protein phosphorylations in poliovirus infected cells.	in vivo phosphorylation of proteins that are associated with polysomes of poliovirus-infected vero (african green monkey kidney) and hela (henrietta lacks) cells differed from phosphorylations observed with uninfected cells that were fed fresh medium. with both types of cells infection stimulated phosphorylation of proteins with molecular weights of 40 000-41 000, 39 000, 34 000, 32 000, and 24 000. similarities of phosphorylations in vero and hela cells suggest that they are a specific conseque ...	1981	6260321
propagation of human hepatitis a virus in african green monkey kidney cell culture: primary isolation and serial passage.	human hepatitis a virus (hav) was propagated in primary african green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) kidney (agmk) cell cultures. three strains of hav were used: ms-1, sd-11, and hm-175. cells were inoculated with marmoset-passaged material or human clinical specimens and were stained by direct immunofluorescence to establish the identity of the virus. both clinical samples and marmoset-passaged material produced immunofluorescence. hav antigen was found scattered throughout the cytoplasm of in ...	1981	6260685
recurring defective variants of simian virus 40 containing monkey dna segments.	four independently and newly isolated defective variants of simian virus 40 have been characterized. all four are very similar, if not identical, to two previously and independently isolated variants (wakamiya et al., j. biol. chem. 254:3584-3591, 1979; j. papamatheakis, e. kuff, e. winocour, and m. f. singer, j. biol. chem. 255:8919-8927, 1980). the documented similarities include restriction endonuclease maps and the presence of the same monkey dna segments covalently linked to simian virus 40 ...	1981	6260983
the dna sequences of cloned complex satellite dnas from hawaiian drosophila and their bearing on satellite dna sequence conservation.	a class of restriction endonuclease fragments near 185 bp in length and comprising approximately 20% of the genomes of 3 species of hawaiian drosophila has been cloned using bacteriophage m13. the nucleotide sequences of 14 clones have been determined and the variation between clones has been found to be due to deletions and base changes. analyses of uncloned material show that the cloning system itself does not introduce the variation. the variation of the basic repeat within and between specie ...	1981	6262029
plaque formation by human-origin parainfluenza type 2 virus in established cell lines.	two strains of parainfluenza type 2 virus formed well-defined plaques in cultures of vero cells, an established line of african green monkey kidney cells. in the absence of trypsin, satisfactory plaques were formed by the toshiba strain of virus. when trypsin was added in the overlay medium of vero cell monolayers, another strain (62-m786) of virus produced plaques. the toshiba strain was also able to make plaques in hela, bhk, and llc-mk2 (an established line of monkey kidney) cells without try ...	1981	6263231
highly sensitive assay for clostridium perfringens enterotoxin that uses inhibition of plating efficiency of vero cells grown in culture.	a highly sensitive and reproducible biological assay for clostridium perfringens enterotoxin is described that uses vero (african green monkey kidney) cells grown in tissue cultures. very small doses of the enterotoxin inhibited the plating efficiency of the cells. this inhibition of plating efficiency could be used to detect as little as 0.1 ng (1 ng/ml) of enterotoxin, and a linear dose-response curve was obtained with 0.5 to 5 ng (5 to 50 ng/ml). a nonlinear, but reproducible, curve was obtai ...	1981	6263946
dna sequences similar to those around the simian virus 40 origin of replication are present in the monkey genome.	we report the molecular cloning of african green monkey genomic dna segments that include regions of homology to the origin of replication of simian virus 40 (sv40). three clearly different cloned segments 14 to 17 kilobase pairs (kb) long were isolated from a genomic library in lambda phage. we estimate that each of the three is repeated fewer than four times in the monkey genome. the sv40-like regions represent a small portion of the cloned segments, and these regions cross hybridize only weak ...	1981	6264457
molecular biology of rotaviruses. i. characterization of basic growth parameters and pattern of macromolecular synthesis.	the united kingdom tissue-adapted bovine rotavirus growing in african green monkey kidney (bsc-1) cells was selected as a model system with which to study the detailed molecular virology of rotavirus replication. study of the kinetics of infectious virus production revealed a fairly rapid replication cycle, with maximum yield of virus after 10 to 12 h at 37 degrees c. progeny genome synthesis was first detected during the virus latent period at 2 to 3 h postinfection. study of the kinetics of vi ...	1981	6268838
in situ electron microscopical observation of cells infected with herpes simplex virus.	transport and release of herpes simplex virus (hsv) in an african green monkey kidney cell line (cv-1) was followed by electron microscopy for up to 24 h p.i. transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed. for the former approach, electron microscopical autoradiography of whole cultured cells and in situ thin section techniques were used. the following new observations were made. (1) except in peripheral parts of the cells, where the cytoplasmic membrane could m ...	1981	6270236
detection and cloning of murine leukemia virus-related sequences from african green monkey liver dna.	by using low-stringency nucleic acid hybridization conditions and specific subgenomic segments of the akr ecotropic provirus as probes, murine leukemia virus (mulv)-related sequences were detected in african green monkey (agm) liver dna. the mulv-reactive segments present in restricted agm dna ranged from 1.9 kilobases (kb) to greater than 10 kb in size. on the basis of this finding, a 17-kb segment was cloned from a partial ecori agm library in lambda charon 4a which shared nearly 5 kb of homol ...	1981	6270353
biological properties and carbohydrate composition of human parainfluenza virus type 1 in two host systems.	human parainfluenza virus type 1 (ha2 virus) grown either in embryonated hens' eggs or in m. rhesus monkey kidney cells showed differences in size, biological properties and carbohydrate composition. egg-grown virus showed a larger size (233 nm versus 167 nm), a higher neuraminidase activity (specific activity and initial and maximum velocity) and a higher haemolytic activity than monkey kidney cell-grown virus. the haemagglutinin titre was identical for the ha2 strain grown in both host systems ...	1981	6271905
identification and cloning of endogenous retroviral sequences present in human dna.	using nonstringent annealing conditions and a 2.75-kilobase segment of cloned african green monkey dna that specifically hybridizes to the proviruses of akr ecotropic murine leukemia virus (mulv) and baboon endogenous virus (baev) as a probe, we detected related sequences in three different preparations of human brain dna fragments. the blot-hybridization pattern obtained with cleaved human dna was similar to that previously reported for the interaction of mulv cdna and cleaved mouse dna and sug ...	1981	6272283
interspersed repeated sequences in the african green monkey genome that are homologous to the human alu family.	the dominant family of interspersed repetitive dna sequences in the human genome has been termed the alu family. we have found that more than 75% of the lambda phage in a recombinant library representing an african green monkey genome hybridize with a human alu sequence under stringent conditions. a group of clones selected from the monkey library with probes other than the alu sequence were analyzed for the presence and distribution of alu family sequences. the analyses confirm the abundance of ...	1981	6273798
liposome-mediated delivery of deoxyribonucleic acid to cells: enhanced efficiency of delivery related to lipid composition and incubation conditions.	delivery of liposome-encapsulated simian virus 40 (sv40) dna to african green monkey related to been used as a probe to study liposome--cell interactions and to determine conditions which favor the intracellular delivery of liposome contents to cells. the efficiency of dna delivery by various liposome preparations (monitored by infectivity assays) was found to be dependent both on the magnitude of vesicle binding to cells and on the resistance of liposomes to cell-induced leakage of contents. ac ...	1981	6274382
complex of simian virus 40 large-t antigen and host 53,000-molecular-weight protein in monkey cells.	mouse cells transformed by simian virus 40 (sv40) have been shown to contain a complex of the virus-coded large-t antigen with a host 53,000-molecular-weight (53k) protein. initial attempts to detect a similar complex in lytically infected cells were unsuccessful, and it therefore seemed that the complex might be peculiar to transformed or abortively transformed nonpermissive cells. immunoprecipitation of [32p]phosphate-labeled extracts of sv40-infected cv-1 african green monkey kidney cells wit ...	1981	6163871
aortic sudanophilia an zinc-copper ratios in the liver of vervet monkeys fed different types of dietary fibre.	vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops pygerethrus) were fed a semipurified diet containing 40% sucrose, 25% casein, 14% hydrogenated coconut oil and 15% fibre for 6 months. alfalfa, cellulose, or wheat straw was the source of the fibre. all the diets led to aortic sudanophilia, but the group fed wheat straw had the highest copper level in the liver and the least sudanophilia. the order to severity of the sudanophilia, the ratio of zinc to copper in the fibers, and the ratio of zinc to copper in ...	1981	6164104
identification of antigenically related polypeptides at centrioles and basal bodies.	an antigen localized at the centriolar region has been identified by indirect immunofluorescence studies in african green monkey kidney, human, hamster, rat, and mouse cells. the antigen consists of two polypeptides of 14,000 and 17,000 daltons. a related antigen is also present at the basal body region in ciliated cells from chicken, cat, mouse, pig, steer, and rabbit trachea and from rabbit fimbria. immunoelectron microscopy shows that the immunoreactive antigen is indeed located in the region ...	1981	6166008
prostaglandins of the a series inhibit sendai virus replication in cultured cells.	prostaglandins of the a series (pga) were shown to be potent inhibitors of sendai virus replication in african green monkey kidney cells in culture. this antiviral activity was specific for pga. the effective dose (4 micrograms/ml) was not toxic to the cells and did not alter either host cell metabolism of infectivity of the virus. pga did not affect the first stages of virus replication and seemed to act by inhibiting virus maturation and/or budding from the cells. the antiviral action of pga w ...	1981	6168737
identification of the metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in urine from the african green monkey.	the metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) found in urine from african green monkeys after intravenous administration of the 14c-labeled parent compound were isolated and identified. criteria of identification included cochromatography with rat-derived standards on direct-phase hplc and a variety of gas-chromatographic columns, as well as correspondence of mass spectra (70-ev electron impact and methane positive chemical ionization) with those of known standards. approximately 80% of ...	1981	6113930
spinal nerve distributions in the upper limb: the organization of the dermatome and afferent myotome.	single fibres were dissected from the dorsal spinal roots of the nerves serving the brachial plexus in african green monkeys. the dermatomal organization of these spinal nerves was deduced from data concerning the receptive fields of 2834 single afferent fibres. these data were collected in an attempt to reconcile some of the discrepancies that exist in published descriptions of the dermatomes in primates; our results and the literature reviewed suggest that the cutaneous region served by one sp ...	1981	6115429
laboratory vector studies on six mosquito and one tick species with chikungunya virus.	the tick ornithodoros savignyi and the mosquitoes culex horridus, culex quinquefasciatus, aedes fulgens, ae. furcifer and mansonia africana were tested for infection rates and ability to transmit chikungunya virus. o. savignyi and cx quinquefasciatus did not become infected and cx quinquefasciatus failed to transmit the virus between vervet monkeys, cercopithecus aethiops. only one of 17 cx horridus feeding on a blood-virus mixture became infected which included infection of the salivary glands. ...	1981	6115488
formation of "ghost" bodies and calcification in experimental atherosclerosis in nonhuman primates. an ultrastructural study.	aortic lesions from african green monkeys fed a cholesterol diet for up to 24 months were studied by electron microscopy. the lesions, grossly classified as fatty dots and fatty streaks consisted of foam cells, increased amounts of interstitial connective tissues and osmiophilic lipid material. in addition, in the interstitial spaces, there were membrane-bound detached cytoplasmic fragments and deeply osmiophilic calcium spherules. the smooth muscle cells had a frayed appearance and bulbous cyto ...	1981	6119840
inhibition of cellular and virus-associated nucleotide polymerases by, and anti-herpes simplex virus activity of, streptovaricin derivatives.	fourteen streptovaricin derivatives were tested for inhibition of cellular nucleotide polymerases (deoxyribonucleic acid polymerases alpha, beta, and gamma, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase [tdt], and ribonucleic acid polymerase ii), simian sarcoma virus deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase, and herpes simplex virus type 1-induced deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase (hsv-dp). three compounds (strep-tovadienal c, prestreptovarone, and streptoval fc) preferentially inhibited tdt and hsv-dp over the o ...	1981	6119956
the chinese hamster alu-equivalent sequence: a conserved highly repetitious, interspersed deoxyribonucleic acid sequence in mammals has a structure suggestive of a transposable element.	a consensus sequence has been determined for a major interspersed deoxyribonucleic acid repeat in the genome of chinese hamster ovary cells (cho cells). this sequence is extensively homologous to (i) the human alu sequence (p. l. deininger et al., j. mol. biol., in press), (ii) the mouse b1 interspersed repetitious sequence (krayev et al., nucleic acids res. 8:1201-1215, 1980) (iii) an interspersed repetitious sequence from african green monkey deoxyribonucleic acid (dhruva et al., proc. natl. a ...	1981	9279371
effects of storage in recovery media on sublethally heated polio and echo viruses.	in vitro renaturation of heat-denatured virus particles was studied using poliovirus type 1, strain chat and echovirus type 6, strain d'amori. six recovery media were chosen to simulate heat-processed foods and mildly processed or raw foods and to represent a range of compositions. virus was suspended in four heating media and processed to various degrees of inactivation. after cooling, the stressed virus was resuspended in the recovery media and incubated at 30 c for up to 7 days. titers were d ...	1981	30856757
technical note: urine collection from vervet monkeys by instrumental conditioning.	gang-caged adult male vervet monkeys were trained to urinate on demand into a plastic beaker by positive reinforcement (peanut rewards). the animals were not separated from their social group during training or sampling.	1981	31995942
postnatal differentiation of leydig cells in the african green monkey.	at two years of age the interstitial tissue of cercopithecus aethiops is composed principally of undifferentiated, fibroblast-like cells. also present during this time are scattered differentiating leydig cells, which are characterized by a large nucleus, numerous mitochondria, elements of smooth reticulum, and small cisternae of rough reticulum. a mean level of 1.69 ± 0.66 ng/ml of testosterone was found. at three years leydig cells are much more numerous and developed; since all the elements o ...	1981	31995928
increased efficiency of group b coxsackievirus isolation from clinical specimens by use of bgm cells.	a continuous african green monkey kidney cell line, designated bgm, was compared with primary cynomolgus monkey kidney cells and human embryonic lung cells for efficiency of enterovirus isolation. a selective enhanced sensitivity of bgm cells both in terms of isolation rate and speed of isolation was found for group b coxsackieviruses but could not be demonstrated for a number of other nonpolio enteroviruses.	1982	16789270
note on aversion learning to the shape of food by monkeys.	vervet and grivet monkeys were repeatedly tested eating bar- and circle-shaped cookies. one subject was always injected with lithium immediately after eating cookies with the circle shape and learned to avoid the circular cookies while continuing to eat the bar-shaped cookies. another subject received similar treatment except that lithium injections were always delayed 30 minutes after access to the circle-shaped cookies. she also acquired a discriminative aversion. aversion learning was not obs ...	1982	16812287
construction and expression in vivo of an internally deleted mouse alpha-fetoprotein gene: presence of a transcribed alu-like repeat within the first intervening sequence.	an alpha-fetoprotein (afp) 'minigene' was constructed by joining the first two exons along with 0.9 kilobases of 5' flanking sequence of the mouse afp gene to its last exon and 0.4 kilobases of 3' flanking sequence. this 'minigene' was tested for activity by inserting it into an sv40 vector and infecting african green monkey kidney cells. correct initiation, termination, polyadenylation and splicing were observed. furthermore a 220 nucleotide transcript was detected and mapped to a mouse alu-lik ...	1982	6179043
stimulation of host centriolar antigen in tc7 cells by simian virus 40: requirement for rna and protein syntheses and an intact simian virus 40 small-t gene function.	simian virus 40 (sv 40) stimulated a host cell antigen in the centriolar region after infection of african green monkey kidney (agmk) cells. the addition of puromycin and actinomycin d to cells infected with sv40 within 5 h after infection inhibited the stimulation of the host cell antigen, indicating that de novo protein and rna syntheses that occurred within the first 5 h after infection were essential for the stimulation. early viable deletion mutants of sv40 with deletions mapping between 0. ...	1982	6180184
rickettsia sennetsu in human blood monocyte cultures: similarities to the growth cycle of ehrlichia canis.	microscopic examination of cultured human monocytes infected with rickettsia sennetsu and stained by the giemsa method revealed the presence of various organismal growth forms in the cytoplasm of the infected cells. the growth forms were loosely scattered individual organisms, clusters of organisms, various sizes of dense inclusion bodies in intact and vacuolated cytoplasm, and organisms in close proximity to disintegrated monocytes. the appearance and the morphology of these r. sennetsu growth ...	1982	6274798
nucleosome phasing and micrococcal nuclease cleavage of african green monkey component alpha dna.	the micrococcal nuclease cleavage of intact nuclear chromatin from african green monkey cells and of the completely deproteinized sequences was studied by using high-resolution analytical and dna sequencing gels and secondary restriction enzyme analysis. when deproteinized component alpha dna was used as substrate, not all phosphodiester bonds in the 172-base-pair repeat units were cleaved with equal frequency by the nuclease. a distinct preference for the cleavage of a-t rather than g-c bonds w ...	1982	6275381
a monkey alu sequence is flanked by 13-base pair direct repeats by an interrupted alpha-satellite dna sequence.	a member of the alu family, the dominant family of short interspersed repeated dna sequences in primates, interrupts a cloned repeat unit of african green monkey alpha-satellite dna. the alu is immediately flanked by 13-base-pair duplications of the known sequence of the satellite at the site of insertion. these observations support the idea that ala family members may be moveable elements.	1982	6280186
expression of mouse immunoglobulin genes in monkey cells.	the generation of functional immunoglobulin light-chain genes from variable (v), joining (j), and constant (c) gene segments has been elucidated recently. the structural features which regulate the expression of immunoglobulin genes, however, have not been well defined. to further our understanding of immunoglobulin gene expression, african green monkey cells (cv1), hela cells, and mouse l cells were transfected with kappa-chain gene-containing plasmids. we report here that efficient transient e ...	1982	6283383
[experiment in infecting the green monkey cercopithecus aethiops with a leukocyte virus isolated in hepatitis a].	the virus isolated in hepatitis a had been previously shown to passage in primary phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocyte cultures. the virus designated as leukocyte hepatitis virus (lhv) causes chromosome aberrations in the infected cultures. some physico-chemical properties of lhv and its capacity for reproduction in other cell systems were studied. in serological surveys of patients and in studies of cellular immunity reactions of them lhv was found in cases of hepatitis. the possibility of ...	1982	6283739
[use of a cocultivation method for detecting cytomegalovirus contamination of cell cultures of simian origin].	at present, nonanthropoid primates are widely used as sources of cell cultures for manufacture of live viral vaccines. simian cell cultures, particularly kidney cell cultures are also known to be frequently contaminated with cytomegaloviruses. the isolation of the latter is rather difficult due to the late appearance of the cytopathic effect in cell cultures of natural hosts. in the present study, the sensitivity of 4 methods virus isolation from the test cells was compared: the method of long-t ...	1982	6283741
acyclovir in the treatment of simian varicella virus infection of the african green monkey.	acyclovir (9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine) administered as an intramuscular formulation twice daily at a dosage of 100 mg/kg per day prevented the development of disease in african green monkeys inoculated with simian varicella virus. viremia, appearance of a vesicular rash, and elevations of serum transaminases, each indicative of infection, were suppressed by acyclovir treatment. plasma concentrations of acyclovir were measured and showed rising levels after repeated intramuscular injection ...	1982	6285700
sodium and potassium transport in herpes simplex virus-infected cells.	sodium (na+) and potassium (k+) flux in african green monkey kidney cells (vero) was examined following infection by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). a decline in the rate of k+ uptake at 5 h post-infection was shown using 86rb+ as a k+ tracer. in contrast, host protein synthesis was inhibited by 3 h post-infection. the decrease in rate of k+ transport to levels 70 to 90% of that of mock-infected cells did not, however, reflect an inability of hsv-1-infected cells to maintain normal intracel ...	1982	6286847
epstein-barr virus induced proteins v: comparison of ebv-specific polypeptides from different virus strains.	ebv-associated polypeptides induced in different epstein-barr virus (ebv)-producing cell lines by the tumor promotor tpa, and from purified ebv particles derived from the same lines were radioactivity labeled and analyzed by immunoprecipitation with human vca+ma+ sera. in virus-producing cells no significant differences in the molecular weight of 35s-methionine-labeled ebv-associated polypeptide patterns could be observed. the analysis 125i-labeled polypeptides from purified virus particles of f ...	1982	6289060
labeling and selective recovery of newly synthesized viral dna from simian virus 40-infected cells incubated with inorganic thiophosphate.	african green monkey cv-1 cells infected with simian virus 40 (sv40) were incubated in the presence of sodium [35s]thiophosphate. the viral dna was prepared and the newly synthesized sv40 dna molecules containing phosphorothioate groups were selectively recovered by affinity chromatography on organomercurial-sepharose columns. the thio-derivatized viral dna occurred in both superhelical (form i) and relaxed circular (form ii) configurations, and it gave the expected cleavage products upon digest ...	1982	6289306
improved yields and assay of simian varicella virus, and a comparison of certain biological properties of simian and human varicella viruses.	studies were performed to define conditions under which propagation, assay and stabilization of the delta herpesvirus (dhv) strain of simian varicella virus might be improved, and to compare biological properties of dhv with those of human varicella zoster virus (vzv). a mycoplasma contaminant was successfully eliminated from the dhv seed virus by treatment with a specific anti-serum. dhv was found to replicate more efficiently in the bs-c-1 line of african green monkey kidney cells than in vero ...	1982	6296181
organization of african green monkey dna at junctions between alpha-satellite and other dna sequences.		1982	6213785
prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to bovid herpesvirus 2 in african wildlife.	a total of 3,470 sera, collected between 1963 and 1980 from 45 different species of wildlife in nine african countries, was examined for virus neutralizing (vn) antibodies to bovid herpesvirus 2. antibodies were demonstrated in 20 species including 15 bovidae, two suidae, hippopotamus (hippopotamus amphibius), giraffe (giraffa camelopardalis) and a green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops); 11 of these species had not been previously recorded as sero-positive. although the significance of neutralizi ...	1982	6296471