Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| rapid modulation of the n-3 docosahexaenoic acid levels in the brain and retina of the newly hatched chick. | the newly hatched chick obtains its fatty acids almost completely from the lipids of the egg yolk as these are transferred to the developing embryo during its 21-day period of incubation. since the diet of the laying hen greatly influences the fatty acid composition of the egg lipids, and presumably also the fatty acid composition of the resulting chick, we tested how quickly and to what extent varying the amount of n-3 fatty acids in the diet of the hen would modulate the level of n-3 fatty aci ... | 1989 | 2542425 |
| fatty acid changes in liver choline and ethanolamine glycerophospholipids in aspirin-treated rats fed linoleate, gamma-linolenate and fish oil. | the effects of dietary linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid and marine fatty acids on the development of aspirin-induced gastric hemorrhage and the distribution of liver glycerophospholipid fatty acids in fat-deficient growing rats were studied. aspirin (100 mg/day)-treated and nontreated rats were fed for 7 days, a mixed diet of 2.5% safflower oil and 7.5% hydrogenated coconut oil (sfo/hco) or 7.5% fish oil (sfo/fo), or 2.5% gamma-linolenate concentrate and 7.5% fish oil (gla/fo). gastric hemorr ... | 1989 | 2547543 |
| influence of dietary fat composition on intestinal absorption in the rat. | omega-3 fatty acids influence the function of the intestinal brush border membrane. for example, the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 omega 3) has an antiabsorptive effect on jejunal uptake of glucose. this study was undertaken to determine whether the effect of feeding alpha-linolenic acid (18:3 omega 3) or epa plus docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 omega 3) on intestinal absorption of nutrients was influenced by the major source of dietary lipid, hydrogenated beef tallow or safflower oi ... | 1989 | 2549323 |
| alteration of in vitro murine peritoneal macrophage function by dietary enrichment with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in menhaden fish oil. | the effects of diets containing menhaden fish oil (mfo), compared with those of diets containing safflower oil (saf) or an essential fatty acid deficient hydrogenated coconut oil (hco), on in vitro activation of tumoricidal capacity by murine macrophages were assessed. mice fed the experimental diets for 4 weeks were injected intraperitoneally with sterile thioglycollate broth 3 days before use. there was no difference between any of the groups with respect to total peritoneal exudate cells or t ... | 1989 | 2550148 |
| suppression of acute and chronic inflammation by dietary gamma linolenic acid. | we examined the effect of diets enriched in gamma linolenic acid (gla) on acute inflammation induced by monosodium urate crystals, and on subacute and chronic inflammation induced by complete freund's adjuvant in the rat subcutaneous air pouch and in rats with adjuvant induced arthritis. diets were enriched (15% fat) with borage seed oil (23% gla) or safflower oil (less than 1% gla). diets enriched with gla suppressed inflammation markedly in all models, whereas the safflower oil diet did not in ... | 1989 | 2550629 |
| stimulation of anaphylaxis in the mouse footpad by dietary fish oil fatty acids. | the effect of fish oil-derived omega-3 (omega-3) fatty acids on anaphylaxis, arthus and delayed type hypersensitivity reactions in mice has been investigated. mice on a normal chow diet were fed eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid at a dose of 500 and 333 mg/kg/day, respectively, by a gastric tube over a period of 61 days. control groups were given water, safflower oil or oleic acid. anaphylactic and arthus type reactions were induced in the mouse footpad using bovine serum albumin as ... | 1989 | 2550967 |
| interrelated effects of dietary fiber and fat on lymphatic cholesterol and triglyceride absorption in rats. | lymph cannulated rats were administered intragastrically a test emulsion containing 25 mg of [14c]cholesterol, 50 mg of either guar gum, cellulose or chitosan, and 200 mg of either safflower, high-oleic safflower or palm oil, and the absorption of labeled cholesterol and fatty acids was measured. the type of both dietary fiber (p less than 0.001) and fat (p less than 0.05) significantly influenced cholesterol absorption. a significant interaction of fiber and fat on cholesterol absorption (p les ... | 1989 | 2555465 |
| effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on proteinuria of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats. | streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) was intravenously administered to 7-week-old wistar rats through their tail veins. after 11 days, the rats were divided into two groups. one group was fed a lipid-free diet (90%, w/w) plus lard (8%) and safflower oil (2%) for four weeks (diet 1 group, n = 12). the other group was fed in the same way, except that safflower oil was replaced by 90% pure eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) ethyl ester (diet 2 group, n = 13). twenty-four-hour urine was collected just before the diet ... | 1989 | 2555648 |
| dietary saturated fat level alters the competition between alpha-linolenic and linoleic acid. | male weanling rats were fed semi-synthetic diets high in saturated fat (beef tallow) vs high in linoleic acid (safflower oil) with or without high levels of alpha-linolenic acid (linseed oil) for a period of 28 days. the effect of feeding these diets on cholesterol content and fatty acid composition of serum and liver lipids was examined. feeding linseed oil with beef tallow or safflower oil had no significant effect on serum levels of cholesterol. serum cholesterol concentration was higher in a ... | 1989 | 2569150 |
| biosynthesis of 1-alkenes in higher plants: stereochemical implications. a model study with carthamus tinctorius (asteraceae). | odd numbered 1-alkenes, such as 1-pentadecene or 1,8,11,14-heptadecatetraene are formed from palmitic or linolenic acid by fragmentative decarboxylation. incubation studies with germinating safflower (carthamus tinctorius) and (2r,3r)-12-phenyl[2,3-2h2]dodecanoic acid, (2s,3s)-12-phenyl[2,3-2h2]dodecanoic acid, (2r)-12-phenyl[2-2h]dodecanoic acid and (2s)-12-phenyl[2-2h]dodecanoic acid instead of the natural alpha-linolenic acid precursor revealed the fragmentation to be an overall anti eliminat ... | 1989 | 2583180 |
| the effect of very low energy diets on the fatty acid composition of serum lipids. | the fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids, cholesteryl esters and triglycerides was measured in 11 obese individuals before and after 2 and 4 weeks treatment with a liquid diet providing about 600 kcal and 70 g protein per day. the patients received 20g of lipid, which was either maize oil and safflower oil (6 patients) or maize oil and evening primrose oil (5 patients). during treatment serum phospholipid linoleic acid (c18:2n-6) concentration remained constant, the dihomo-gamma-linolen ... | 1989 | 2613428 |
| interactive effects of prenatal ethanol and n-3 fatty acid supplementation on brain development in mice. | this study assesses the combined effects on brain and behavioral development of ethanol administration and supplementation of the maternal diet with long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. from day 7 to 17 of gestation, pregnant mice were fed equivalent daily amounts of isocaloric liquid diets; 20% of the energy was provided by either ethanol or maltose-dextrin, and a further 20% by either safflower oil (rich in linoleic acid, 18:2 n-6), or a combination of safflower oil with a fish oil conc ... | 1989 | 2615573 |
| the interrelated effects of n-6/n-3 and polyunsaturated/saturated ratios of dietary fats on the regulation of lipid metabolism in rats. | the effects of various n-6/n-3 (0.45-9.31) and polyunsaturated/saturated (p/s; 0.25-6.08) ratios of dietary fatty acids on various lipid parameters were studied in rats using a combination of palm oil, safflower oil, soybean oil and perilla oil. when the n-6/n-3 ratio was changed while maintaining a constant p/s ratio (1.2), the concentration of serum cholesterol tended to increase linearly with the increasing n-6/n-3 ratio, whereas liver cholesterol tended to decrease. serum triglyceride level ... | 1989 | 2621483 |
| effects of ingestion of thermally oxidized edible oils on plasma lipids, lipoproteins and postheparin lipolytic activity of rats. | acute (after 4 hr) and short-term (after 7 days) effects of ingesting heated and unheated groundnut, coconut and safflower oils on plasma lipids, lipoproteins and postheparin lipopolytic activity (phla) were studied in rats. all heated oils were characterized by increases in carbonyl value, peroxide value and free fatty acid (ffa) content, except heated coconut oil which showed a decrease in ffa content. heating procedure also did not alter to an appreciable extent their fatty acid compositions. ... | 1989 | 2633966 |
| a changing role for dietary monounsaturated fatty acids. | evidence is accumulating that diets low in saturated fatty acids and high in monounsaturated fatty acids are effective in controlling blood lipid levels; a likely consequence could be a beneficial effect on the risk of coronary heart disease. although as yet limited in number, studies have shown monounsaturated fatty acids to be the equivalent of polyunsaturated fatty acids or low-fat diets in lowering blood low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. the monounsaturated acids apparently have the added ... | 1989 | 2646347 |
| the antihypertensive effects of fish oil. a controlled study of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements in essential hypertension. | both n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fats have been suggested to lower blood pressure, an effect ascribed to altered biosynthesis of eicosanoids. to test these hypotheses, we studied blood pressure and eicosanoid production during supplementation of dietary fat for four weeks in 32 men with mild essential hypertension. supplementation was preceded and followed by four-week run-in and recovery periods. groups of eight subjects received either 10 ml or 50 ml of fish oil (3 or 15 g of n-3 fatty acids) ... | 1989 | 2648152 |
| inhibition of accelerated cardiac allograft arteriosclerosis by fish oil. | accelerated coronary arteriosclerosis remains the most important factor limiting long-term survival of heart transplant recipients, and dietary fish oil supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been suggested to have a protective effect against coronary disease in epidemiologic studies and to inhibit arteriosclerosis in animal experiments. therefore we tested the hypothesis that fish oil administration inhibits the development of allograft coronary arteriosclerosis by using a ... | 1989 | 2657223 |
| uniqueness of dietary olive oil in stimulating aortic prostacyclin production in post-weanling rats. | groups of weanling sprague-dawley rats developed from conception through gestation, and weanling periods on a formulated diet fed to the dams were continued on the same diet until sacrificed at 30 days of age. the diet groups consisted of control (5% corn oil, w/w) and experimental (15%, w/w) olive, safflower (hi-oleic and hi-linoleic), soy oil, and lard. the object of the study was to identify the effect of high and low fat content and differing proportions of polyunsaturated:saturated (p:s) an ... | 1989 | 2662217 |
| effects of fish oil supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in niddm. | fish oils, containing omega-3 fatty acids (omega 3fas), favorably influence plasma lipoproteins in nondiabetic humans and prevent the development of insulin resistance induced by fat feeding in rats. we studied the effects of fish oils in 10 subjects (aged 42-65 yr) with mild non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm). subjects were fed a standard diabetic diet plus 1) no supplementation (baseline), 2) 10 g fish oil concentrate (30% omega 3fas) daily, and 3) 10 g safflower oil daily over se ... | 1989 | 2676659 |
| fish oil supplementation does not lower plasma cholesterol in men with hypercholesterolemia. results of a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study. | to determine the effects of fish oil supplementation on plasma cholesterol in middle-aged men with isolated hypercholesterolemia. | 1989 | 2683921 |
| effect of dietary fat composition on rat colon plasma membranes and fecal lipids. | the present study was designed to examine the effect of dietary fat composition on the structure of colon mucosal plasma membranes and fecal lipids. rats were fed a purified diet containing 14% of either highly saturated fat (beef fat or butterfat) or highly polyunsaturated oil (safflower) in addition to 2% corn oil for 4 wk. colon mucosal membranes were prepared and examined for lipid composition and protein pattern. saturated fatty acid feeding resulted in the loss of some protein bands from p ... | 1989 | 2685200 |
| food colorants: anthocyanins. | interest in food colorants as shown by the number of patents has doubled in recent years with natural pigments outnumbering synthetics by five to one. the natural colorant area can be subdivided into anthocyanins, betalains, chlorophylls, carotenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, monascus, hemes, quinones, biliproteins, safflower, turmeric, and miscellaneous. all involve different groups of chemical compounds which may be used directly as colorants, or may be chemically modified to produce different ... | 1989 | 2690857 |
| the effect of dietary fatty acid composition on liver retinyl ester (vitamin a ester) composition in the rat. | the dependence of liver retinyl ester (vitamin a ester) composition on dietary fatty acid composition was studied in rats. weanling male sprague-dawley rats were fed purified test diets containing 8% of one of 10 test triglycerides (either tributyrin, tricaproin, tricaprylin, tricaprin, trilaurin, trimyristin, tripalmitin, tristearin, triolein, trilinolein) or corn oil (a mixed triglyceride) for 23 d after an initial 1-wk stabilization period. essential fatty acids were provided by safflower oil ... | 1989 | 2703916 |
| influence of dietary cis and trans fats on dmh-induced colon tumors, steroid excretion, and eicosanoid production in rats prone to colon cancer. | the effect of geometrical isomerism of dietary fats on colon tumorigenesis was studied in male and female rats of a strain prone to colon cancer (wistar-furth-osaka). the rats were fed purified diets containing either partially hydrogenated corn oil (trans fat) or high-oleic safflower (cis fat) at the 5% level for one week and received a single oral dose of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. the difference in the fatty acid composition of dietary fats was confined solely to the geometry of octadecenoate. an ... | 1989 | 2710659 |
| patterns of lipogenesis in laying hens fed a high fat diet containing safflower oil. | lipogenesis by liver and ovarian tissue in vitro, incorporation of lipids synthesized de novo into the egg yolk in ovo, and the fatty acid composition of liver and yolk triglycerides were studied in laying hens fed a low fat control diet or 30% safflower oil diet for 3 wk. the study was conducted to determine if reduced triglyceride synthesis and the fatty acid composition of dietary fat could account for the changes in the fatty acid composition of liver and egg yolk triglyceride from safflower ... | 1989 | 2723816 |
| effects of dietary fish oil or pectin on blood pressure and lipid metabolism in the doca-salt hypertensive rat. | this study investigated the effects of diets containing fish oil or pectin on blood pressure and lipid metabolism in the deoxycorticosterone acetate (doca)-salt hypertensive rat. three groups (8 rats/group) of unilaterally nephrectomized rats were fed for 21 d one of three purified diets: a) 8% fish oil + 2% safflower oil + 5% alpha cellulose (fish oil diet), b) 10% safflower oil + 5% pectin (pectin diet), or c) 10% safflower oil + 5% alpha cellulose (control diet). each of the diets contained 6 ... | 1989 | 2723830 |
| the effect of dietary linoleic acid on blood pressure and erythrocyte sodium transport. | the influence of an increase in the polyunsaturated fat linoleic acid on blood pressure and erythrocyte membrane sodium transport was investigated in normotensive first degree relatives of hypertensive patients and controls by the double blind administration of safflower oil or paraffin oil (placebo) capsules for four weeks separated by a four week washout period. systolic blood pressure fell in the controls with linoleic acid supplementation but there was no significant change in total sodium e ... | 1989 | 2724276 |
| menhaden fish oil, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and protection of newborn rats from oxygen toxicity. | we have previously reported that newborn rats born to mothers fed a high n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) (safflower oil) diet demonstrated increased n-6 pufa in lung lipids and superior tolerance to high oxygen exposure. in the present study, we explored whether high n-3 pufa might also protect against hyperoxic damage and by what mechanism. adult female rats were fed either regular rat chow, a high n-3 (menhaden fish oil-based) diet, or a high n-6 (safflower oil-based) diet for 6 wk befor ... | 1989 | 2726316 |
| physico-chemical properties of cholesterol-fed rabbit beta-vldl are not affected by different dietary oils. | various oils have been used as vehicles for cholesterol in diets used to produce atherosclerosis in rabbits. because such oils may affect the physico-chemical properties of the beta-vldl produced in response to cholesterol feeding, we have studied the physico-chemical characteristics of beta-vldl isolated from cholesterol-fed rabbits using several different oils as vehicles (corn, safflower, cod liver, and peanut oils). all animals developed severe hypercholesterolemia by 2 weeks. during the sec ... | 1989 | 2730720 |
| postpromotional effects of dietary marine or safflower oils on large bowel or pulmonary implants of ct-26 in mice. | marine oils containing n-3 fatty acids exhibit variable antineoplastic effects. diets containing low (11.6% of kcal) or high (46.5% of kcal) levels of marine oils as the exclusive fat source were compared to diets containing identical amounts of safflower oil (n-6) in weanling, male balb/c byj mice. all diets provided approximately 90 kcal/100 g body weight/day, and contained identical quantities of vitamins, minerals, protein, and fiber. the growth of transplantable colon carcinoma, ct-26, (10( ... | 1989 | 2743315 |
| relative effects of dietary oleic- and linoleic-rich oils on plasma lipoprotein composition in rats. | plasma lipoprotein composition and hepatic lipid content were investigated in male sprague-dawley rats (104 +/- 2 g) fed diets containing 12% olive oil [oo, 70% 18:1(n-9)], 12% high oleic safflower oil [so, 70% 18:(ln-9)] or 12% high linoleic safflower oil [sl, 73% 18:2(n-6)] for periods of up to 10 wk. fasting plasma triglycerides were significantly higher after feeding oleic-rich diets than after feeding sl for 3, 5 and 6 wk. at 6 wk vldl triglycerides were two- to threefold higher in rats fed ... | 1989 | 2746370 |
| effect of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cholesterol synthesis and degradation in rats of different ages. | male sprague-dawley rats four weeks or eight months of age were fed purified diets containing 10% fat, either as a blend of safflower oil and palm olein (polyunsaturated fatty acids, pufa, 34%), a blend of linseed oil and palm olein (pufa, 33%) or sardine oil (pufa, 33%) for four weeks. in other trials, sterol contents were made equivalent by supplementing cholesterol to a blend of corn oil and palm olein (pufa, 30%) or phytosterol to sardine oil (pufa, 30%). fish oil was hypolipidemic in rats o ... | 1989 | 2747429 |
| the essential fatty acid requirement for azoxymethane-induced intestinal carcinogenesis in rats. | the essential fatty acid requirement for the development of intestinal carcinogenesis was determined and compared to the overall essential fatty acid status of the animals as measured by the triene/tetraene ratio in the plasma, liver and colon. to induce tumors, male sprague-dawley rats were given two weekly injections (20 mg/kg body wt) of azoxymethane. two weeks after the last injection, the rats were divided into groups of 25 and given one of six diets containing various levels of essential f ... | 1989 | 2755311 |
| increased plasma triglyceride secretion in efa-deficient rats fed diets with or without saturated fat. | metabolic responses to essential fatty acid-deficiency in rats include an increased rate of triglyceride secretion into the plasma, a large reduction in the hdl1 plasma lipoprotein concentration, and increased concentrations of liver triacylglycerols and cholesteryl esters. because of differences in the types of efa-deficient diets used, it is not clear whether these responses were solely due to the absence of efa from the diet or whether saturated fat, or differences in acyl group chain length ... | 1989 | 2755321 |
| dietary fish oil stimulates hepatic low density lipoprotein transport in the rat. | these studies were undertaken to examine the effect of fish oil, safflower oil, and hydrogenated coconut oil on the major processes that determine the concentration of low density lipoprotein (ldl) in plasma, i.e., the rate of ldl production and the rates of receptor-dependent and receptor-independent ldl uptake in the various organs of the body. when fed at the 20% level, fish oil reduced plasma ldl-cholesterol levels by 38% primarily by increasing ldl receptor activity in the liver. dietary sa ... | 1989 | 2760200 |
| linoleic acid supplementation, membrane lipids and leucocyte sodium transport in normotensive humans. | ten normotensive subjects had their omnivore diet supplemented with increasing doses of linoleic acid in the form of safflower seed oil in order to examine the effects of this polyunsaturated fat upon leucocyte sodium transport. increasing the dose ingested to the limits of tolerance produced a significant decrease in ouabain resistant sodium efflux (p less than 0.05) but no significant change in total or ouabain-sensitive sodium extrusion. intraleucocytic sodium content was correlated with eryt ... | 1989 | 2760909 |
| effect of dietary fat on individual long-chain fatty acyl-coa esters in rat liver and skeletal muscle. | the effect of dietary fat on the long-chain acyl-coa ester profile of liver and skeletal muscle was investigated by feeding weanling rats 12%-fat diets composed of high-linoleic safflower oil (73% 18:2n-6), high-oleic safflower oil (70% 18:1n-9) or olive oil (70% 18:1n-9) for six and ten weeks. approximately 50% of both hepatic and skeletal muscle acyl-coa esters comprised linoleoyl-coa or oleoyl-coa with high-linoleic or oleic feeding, respectively. total hepatic acyl-coa ester concentration wa ... | 1989 | 2761358 |
| effect of dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on collagen-induced platelet aggregation and serotonin release in rats. | male sprague-dawley rats at 3 weeks of age were weaned to a diet supplemented either with perilla seed oil [alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-lna)/linoleic acid (la) = 3.66] or with safflower seed oil (alpha-lna/la less than 0.01) for 5-6 weeks. the eicosapentaenoic acid (epa)/arachidonic acid (aa) ratio in platelet phospholipids was much higher in the perilla oil group than in the safflower oil group. platelet aggregability determined turbidometrically varied greatly among individual animals, and the ... | 1989 | 2776241 |
| determination of oil oxidation by an aldehyde-requiring mutant of luminous bacteria. | a simple, rapid bioluminescence test (bt) for the determination of lipid oxidation is described. the test utilizes an aldehyde-requiring dark mutant of vibrio harveyi (m42) that emits light in the presence of long chain (c8-c16) aliphatic aldehydes. the procedure consists of treating the oil or fat with co2+ ion in ethanolic medium at alkaline ph. this treatment facilitates the decomposition of the hydroperoxides into long-chain aldehydes, part of which is used by the bacteria to produce light. ... | 1989 | 2782108 |
| attenuation of the febrile response in guinea pigs by fish oil enriched diets. | the influence of dietary lipid manipulation on the fever response to an injection of murine recombinant interleukin-1 (ril-1) in guinea pigs was examined. the animals were fed diets identical except for the lipid source for periods of 5 and 6 wk. in vitro thromboxane b2/b3 (txb2/b3) production in collagen-stimulated whole blood was also measured. one diet was enriched with menhaden oil, high in the omega-3 series of fatty acids. the other diet contained safflower oil, consisting primarily of the ... | 1989 | 2785221 |
| lack of an influence of dietary fat on murine natural killer cell activity. | the influence of the degree of saturation and the concentration of dietary fat on murine natural killer (nk) cell activity was investigated using c3h/hen and c57bl/6n mice. mice were fed purified diets containing either 0% fat (fat free), 5 or 20% safflower oil or 5 or 20% palm oil. safflower oil and palm oil were used because they are comparable in carbon chain length but vary in the amount of linoleic acid [18:2(n-6)]. cytotoxicity of splenic nk cells from mice stimulated or unstimulated by th ... | 1989 | 2795245 |
| effect of acidic ph on the protein carmin from safflower seed (carthamus tinctorius). | the effect of a decrease in ph on the structural integrity of carmin has been monitored by a variety of biophysical techniques. the protein undergoes initial dissociation up to ph 3.5-4.0 without any significant denaturation. below this ph the process of dissociation and denaturation appears to be simultaneous. further, in the ph range of 2.5-1.6 the protein reassociates to probably a different polymer resulting from possibly, an entropically driven hydrophobic interaction. the process of dissoc ... | 1989 | 2803516 |
| hypotriglyceridemic effect of dietary n - 3 fatty acids in rats fed low versus high levels of linoleic acid. | the effect of dietary alpha-linolenic acid (linseed oil) or eicosapentaenoic acid (fish oil) on serum and liver triacylglycerol levels in rats fed diets rich in saturated fatty acids (hydrogenated beef tallow) versus high in linoleic acid (safflower oil) was examined. feeding fish oil with hydrogenated tallow lowered the serum triacylglycerol concentration while the combination of fish oil and safflower oil failed to do so. inclusion of fish oil in the hydrogenated tallow diet lowered the triacy ... | 1989 | 2804063 |
| modulation of hepatic ferrochelatase activity by dietary manipulation of mitochondrial phospholipid fatty acyl groups. | ferrochelatase is an enzyme bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is important in heme biosynthesis. activity of purified ferrochelatase is affected by the presence of certain fatty acids. in the present study, we examined whether the activity of ferrochelatase is altered by dietary manipulation of the composition of mitochondrial membrane phospholipid fatty acyl groups. rats were fed diets containing triolein, safflower or menhaden oil as 5% (w/w) of the diet. after 3 weeks, the anim ... | 1989 | 2925161 |
| phospholipid fatty acid composition of various mouse tissues after feeding alpha-linolenate (18:3n-3) or eicosatrienoate (20:3n-3). | the selective incorporation of dietary alpha-linolenate (18:3n-3) and its elongation product, eicosatrienoate (20:3n-3), into various phospholipids (pl) of mouse liver, spleen, kidney, and heart, was examined in a two-week feeding trial by assessing mol % changes in associated fatty acids. mice were fed fat-free ain 76a diets modified with either 2 wt% safflower oil (control); 1% safflower and 1% linolenate; or 1% safflower and 1% eicosatrienoate. after linolenate or eicosatrienoate feeding, 20: ... | 1990 | 1977067 |
| interaction of dietary saturated and polyunsaturated triglycerides in regulating the processes that determine plasma low density lipoprotein concentrations in the rat. | these studies were undertaken to determine how polyunsaturated (n-3 and n-6) and saturated triglycerides interact to regulate rates of low density lipoprotein (ldl) production and rates of receptor-dependent and receptor-independent ldl transport. animals were fed diets containing 20% (by wt) hydrogenated coconut oil or diets in which the coconut oil was progressively removed and replaced with safflower oil or fish oil concentrate. plasma ldl concentrations fell when either of the polyunsaturate ... | 1990 | 2079604 |
| effects on plasma lipoproteins of monounsaturated, saturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet of african green monkeys. | work by other investigators has shown that an increase in dietary content of monounsaturated fatty acids can result in a decreased plasma low density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol concentration. this observation, combined with the epidemiologic evidence that monounsaturated fat-rich diets are associated with decreased rates of death from coronary heart disease, suggests that inclusion of increased amounts of mono-unsaturated fat in the diet may be beneficial. the present study was carried out in ... | 1990 | 2079610 |
| nutritional immunomodulation in burn patients. | a series of laboratory experiments in thermally injured guinea pigs has shown that feeding by the enteral route immediately after injury results in a decreased metabolic response by preventing loss of the gi barrier to the entrance of intestinal endotoxin and bacteria. feeding by the iv route or giving crystalline amino acids instead of intact protein does not prevent atrophy of the intestine, nor does it prevent the hypermetabolic response. optimal diets for nutritional support of burn patients ... | 1990 | 2105182 |
| dietary olive and safflower oils in promotion of dmba-induced mammary tumorigenesis in rats. | interpretation of studies comparing the efficacy of different dietary fat sources in promoting 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene (dmba)-induced rat mammary tumorigenesis often ignores the fact that about 4% (wt/wt) linoleic acid (18:2n-6) is required for optimal tumor promotion. we therefore fed dmba-intubated or placebo-intubated female, sprague-dawley rats 20% fat diets containing 18:2n-6 (wt/wt) from either high-linoleic safflower oil (sl, 14.6% 18:2n-6), high-oleic safflower oil (so, 3.4% 18:2 ... | 1990 | 2106675 |
| interactions of saturated, n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to modulate arachidonic acid metabolism. | anti-thrombotic effects of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids are believed to be due to their ability to reduce arachidonic acid levels. therefore, weanling rats were fed n-3 acids in the form of linseed oil (18:3n-3) or fish oil (containing 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3) in diets containing high levels of either saturated fatty acids (hydrogenated beef tallow) or high levels of linoleic acid (safflower oil) for 4 weeks. the effect of diet on the rate-limiting enzyme of arachidonic acid biosynthesis (delta 6-desat ... | 1990 | 2109031 |
| effects of dietary perilla oil, soybean oil and safflower oil on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba) and 1,2-dimethyl-hydrazine (dmh)-induced mammary gland and colon carcinogenesis in female sd rats. | the effects of diet supplemented with perilla oil, which contains a large amount of n-3 alpha-linolenic acid, and n-6 linoleic acid rich soybean and safflower oil supplemented diets on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)- and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh)-induced mammary gland and colon carcinogenesis were investigated in female sd rats. groups of 23 or 24, 5 week old animals were first given three s.c. injections of 40 mg/kg body wt dmh followed by a single intragastric administration of 50 mg/ ... | 1990 | 2110511 |
| dietary fat modifies the in vivo mutagenicity of some food-borne carcinogens. | female balb/c mice were fed a low fat diet (1% safflower oil, by weight) or one supplemented with 25% (by weight) of beef fat or olive oil. the abilities of these diets to modify the in vitro and in vivo hepatic conversion of the dietary carcinogens aflatoxin b1, 2-amino-3, 4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (meiq) and 3-amino-1-methyl-5h-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (trp-p-2) to bacterial mutagens was evaluated. dietary olive oil appeared to increase the metabolism of both meiq and trp-p-2 to bacterial m ... | 1990 | 2111458 |
| effects of safflower oil and evening primrose oil in men with a low dihomo-gamma-linolenic level. | low levels of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-6 series are associated with coronary heart disease. linoleic acid, but not gamma-linolenic acid requires the activity of delta 6-desaturase for its conversion to dihomo-gamma-linolenic and arachidonic acid. evening primrose oil (epo) and safflower oil (so) are rich in linoleic acid, but epo contains also 9% gamma-linolenic acid. the effect of epo (10, 20 and 30 ml/day) and so (20 ml/day) for 4 months on the deposition of linoleic acid ... | 1990 | 2112389 |
| 5-series peptido-leukotriene synthesis in mouse peritoneal macrophages: modulation by dietary n-3 fatty acids. | this study was undertaken to elucidate the metabolic fate of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), a major n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid constituent of fish oil, in the mouse peritoneal macrophage. mice were fed diets containing menhaden fish oil (fo) or safflower oil (so). after 3 weeks, resident or responsive peritoneal macrophages were isolated and stimulated with zymosan and a23187, respectively. we demonstrate the novel synthesis of leukotriene c5 (ltc5), derived from 20:5n-3, in additi ... | 1990 | 2119578 |
| enzyme-catalyzed cleavage of the c-glycosidic linkage to the aromatic ring-a of 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone 8-c-glycoside. | it was demonstrated that 8-c-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy- flav-2-en-3-one (orientin) undergoes enzyme-catalyzed deglucosylation to form the sugar-free aglycone, 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflav- 2-en-3-one (luteolin). the enzyme was partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by fractionation through sephadex g-100 gel. the enzymic deglycosylation proceeded at ph 5.4 in an incubation system containing enzyme preparation isolated from carthamus tinctorius and orienti ... | 1990 | 2119807 |
| mammary tumor lipids and plasma lipoproteins in dmba-intubated rats fed olive or safflower oils. | the effects of feeding olive and safflower oils on lipid and fatty acid composition of mammary tumors, plasma lipids and lipoproteins, and the nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectra of plasma were investigated in rats. 7-12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)- and placebo-intubated male sprague-dawley rats were fed 20% fat diets containing 18:2n-6 (wt/wt) from either high-linoleic safflower oil (sl, 14.6% 18:2n-6), high oleic safflower oil (so, 3.4% 18:2n-6), olive oil (oo, 1.1% 18:2n-6), or oliv ... | 1990 | 2120682 |
| detoxification of the macrolide toxin brefeldin a by bacillus subtilis. | the macrolide toxin brefeldin a is a determinant of alternaria leaf blight disease in safflower, which causes severe economic losses worldwide. soilborne bacteria, classified as bacillus subtilis spp., were isolated and shown to readily metabolize brefeldin a in laboratory culture to one major product. this product was identified by high resolution 2d 1h nmr and fab mass spectroscopies as the acid resulting from hydrolysis of the macrolide ring in brefeldin a . in contrast to brefeldin a, the ac ... | 1990 | 2124541 |
| stability of total nutrient admixtures in a dual-chamber flexible container. | the stability of total nutrient admixtures (tnas) prepared from dextrose and amino acid injections commercially packaged in a dual-chamber container and a safflower-soybean oil fat emulsion was studied. the admixtures studied were divided into two groups. group 1 admixtures represented 14 combinations of aminosyn ii, dextrose, and liposyn ii. group 2 admixtures represented 10 combinations of aminosyn ii with electrolytes, dextrose, and liposyn ii. amino acid concentrations of 7, 8.5, and 10%, de ... | 1990 | 2126163 |
| influence of endogenous prostaglandins on mtal injury. | we altered renal prostaglandin production by isolated rat kidneys in several ways to see if this would influence the susceptibility of cells lining the medullary thick ascending limb to injury. rats were fed a diet containing either safflower oil (high in linoleic acid) or fish oil (low in arachidonate precursors) as a source of fat. after 90 min of perfusion, the kidneys of rats fed safflower oil showed only 32.7 +/- 6.7% of medullary thick ascending limb cells near the inner medulla with sever ... | 1990 | 2133430 |
| effect of in vivo modulation of membrane docosahexaenoic acid levels on the dopamine-dependent adenylate cyclase activity in the rat retina. | we have studied the effect of a dietary deprivation of n-3 fatty acids on the activity of the dopamine (da)-dependent adenylate cyclase in the rat retina. experiments were conducted in 6-month-old rats raised on semipurified diets containing either safflower oil (n-3 deficient diet) or soybean oil (control diet). the levels of docosahexaenoic acid [22:6 (n-3)] in retinal phospholipids were significantly decreased in n-3 deficient rats (35-42% of control levels). this was compensated by a rise in ... | 1990 | 2145395 |
| effect of fish oil and safflower oil in common japanese diet on human plasma fatty acid composition. | the influence of fish oil and safflower oil contained in the common japanese diet as the main dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid source on plasma fatty acids in ten female student volunteers (21-22 years old) was investigated. the subjects were divided into two groups and fed the experimental diets for five days. the total daily fat intake in the fish diet and safflower oil diet was 54.4 g and 56.2 g, respectively, and the fat derived from fish and safflower oil was 16 g and 23 g, respectively. ... | 1990 | 2150530 |
| inhibitory effects of mold oil including gamma-linolenate on platelet thrombus formation in mesenteric microvessels of the rat. | diet including mold oil from a lipid accumulative fungus, containing gamma-linolenic acid, showed an inhibitory effect on thrombus formation in the microvessels of rats by the light/dye method of the authors. male wistar rats were fed for 3 to 4 weeks with two series of experimental diets and were examined for thrombus formation. the thrombus formation times to totally occlude, ts, were 347 sec for (mold + soybean)-oil and 236 sec for (palm + soybean)-oil in the first series of diets and 1288 se ... | 1990 | 2156348 |
| intracellular translocation of phosphatidate phosphatase in maturing safflower seeds: a possible mechanism of feedforward control of triacylglycerol synthesis by fatty acids. | phosphatidate phosphatase activity was found both in the cytosol and in the microsomal membrane of maturing safflower seeds. the combined and relative activities of these two forms varied with seed maturation. during the period of rapid triacylglycerol accumulation in the cell, most of the phosphatidate phosphatase activity was membrane-bound; at the initial and last stages of seed development when triacylglycerol synthesis was at an insignificant level, the majority of the activity was soluble. ... | 1990 | 2157488 |
| the effect of dietary fatty acids on response to pseudomonas infection in burned mice. | since fatty acids influence prostaglandin synthesis, and since both fatty acids and prostaglandins modulate immune function, we investigated the hypothesis that manipulation of dietary fats would affect survival after infection in a murine burn model. mice were fed for 2 to 3 weeks with diets containing different types and amounts of fat. they were then subjected to a 20% flame burn and infected with pseudomonas aeruginosa. survival in the group fed 40% of total calories as fish oil had signific ... | 1990 | 2157857 |
| influence of dietary fat on factors in serum that regulate thyroid cell metabolism. | the type of dietary fat affected the production of camp by cultured thyroid cells incubated with mouse and rat sera. greater amounts of camp were produced with serum from mice fed 30% rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol and 4% safflower oil (pg + so) than with serum from mice fed 30% rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol (pg). the serum from mice fed pg + so gave a response similar to that with calf serum. sera were separated into lipoprotein and aqueous fractions by centrifugation. a combination of both the lipo ... | 1990 | 2172489 |
| intra and inter-person sources of variability in fat intake in a feeding trial of 14 men. | an impediment to analyzing the effect of nutritional factors on biologic processes or health status in human populations arises from the relatively small dietary differences that exist between individuals in relation to large periodic fluctuations in dietary intake and the imprecision with which diet is normally assessed. we report here on characteristics of dietary variability in a group of 14 young men who successfully completed an intervention study specifically designed to create large diffe ... | 1990 | 2188850 |
| ingestion of different types of fat in the evening meal does not affect metabolic responses to a standard breakfast. | high-fat diets produce insulin resistance, but it is not known how quickly changes become evident or whether different types of fat produce different responses. the aim of this study was to determine whether a high-fat evening meal affected glucose response to a standard breakfast 12 h later. on six occasions eight weight-stable subjects consumed a standard evening meal (109 g carbohydrate, 27 g protein, 6 g fat, and 10.6 g fiber) that was either unsupplemented or supplemented with 41 g fat (saf ... | 1990 | 2203250 |
| stimulation of binding of benzo[a]pyrene metabolites to dna by diet-induced peroxidative stress. | to investigate the influence of unsaturation of dietary fat on the oxidation of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol to dna binding products, we fed diets containing 10% by weight of either safflower oil or lard to weanling rats. compared with the group fed lard, the group fed safflower oil had 2.0- to 2.5-fold higher levels of unstimulated and peroxidation-stimulated activation of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol to dna-binding metabolites, respectively, in hepatic nuclei. the rats fed safflower oil ha ... | 1990 | 2210521 |
| influence of dietary fats and vitamin e on plasma and hepatic vitamin a and beta-carotene levels in rats fed excess beta-carotene. | effects of different dietary lipids and excess vitamin e on plasma and hepatic concentrations of beta-carotene were evaluated in rats fed diets containing a large excess (0.2%) of beta-carotene. male weanling wistar kyoto rats were fed beta-carotene-supplemented diets containing various dietary lipids as follows: group i, a saturated fat (coconut oil); group ii, a monounsaturated fat (olive oil); group iii, a polyunsaturated fat rich in omega-6 fatty acids (safflower oil); group iv, same as grou ... | 1990 | 2216896 |
| failure to demonstrate an effect of dietary fatty acid composition on body weight, body composition and parameters of lipid metabolism in mature rats. | the objectives of the present study were to examine the effects of dietary fatty acid composition on body composition and on several parameters of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and to assess the ease of weight loss with restricted dietary intake. rats were fed diets containing 14% fish oil, safflower oil or beef fat plus 2% corn oil. these diets were fed ad libitum for 4 wk (first phase). a number of the animals from each group were killed, and the others were fed 50% of their first-phase f ... | 1990 | 2231017 |
| less body fat accumulation in rats fed a safflower oil diet than in rats fed a beef tallow diet. | the effects on body fat accumulation of long-term feeding of high fat diets of differing fatty acid composition were studied in rats. the rats were meal-fed isoenergetic diets based on safflower oil or beef tallow for 4 mo. each diet was freshly prepared every day throughout the experimental period. oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production for 6 h after meals were measured between the 50th and 54th d of the experimental period. oxygen consumption for 3 h after meals was significantly gre ... | 1990 | 2231019 |
| dietary palmitic acid (16:0) enhances high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein receptor mrna abundance in hamsters. | in order to examine the qualitative effect of different fats and specific fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoprotein metabolism, six low fat, cholesterol-free diets were fed to young male hamsters (10/group) for a 4-week period. fat blends were formulated with coconut oil, palm oil, soybean oil, high oleic acid safflower oil, butter, corn oil, and canola oil. diets contained 13% energy as fat and dietary polyunsaturate/saturate ratios ranged from 0.12 to 1.04, one of which incorporated the ame ... | 1990 | 2236108 |
| effect of dietary canola and reference oils upon serum lipids and platelet aggregation. | to compare canola a terrestrial (n-3) oil with fish oil (n-3) and common vegetable oil (n-6) in decreasing serum lipids and platelet aggregation, various oils were included in chow-based diets and fed to rats in an eight-weeks feeding trial. the chow diet contained 2% cholesterol along with either canola, menhaden, safflower, or partially hydrogenated soy oil, or no oil addendum. the menhaden oil group was the only one to show a significant reduction in serum cholesterol and triglycerides and at ... | 1990 | 2237830 |
| alteration of baroreflex control of forearm vascular resistance by dietary fatty acids. | the effects of dietary safflower (control, n = 10), borage (n = 9), and fish oil (n = 10), as sources of linoleic, gamma-linolenic, and eicosapentaenoic acid, respectively, at a dose of 4.5 ml/day for 4 wk, on cardiovascular responses to lower body negative pressure (lbnp) were studied in normotensive humans in a randomized, double-blind design. pre- and postsupplementation, subjects were exposed to 5 min of -10 and -40 mmhg lbnp. blood pressure (bp), heart rate (hr), forearm blood flow (fbf), f ... | 1990 | 2260727 |
| electron-transport components of the 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine delta 12-desaturase (delta 12-desaturase) in microsomal preparations from developing safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) cotyledons. | the major cytochrome in microsomal membrane preparations from developing seeds of safflower (carthamus tinctorius, var high linoleate), has a reduced-minus-oxidized difference spectrum characteristic of a b-type cytochrome, and was identified from its midpoint-potential (e'7.2) value as cytochrome b5. cytochromes p-450 and p-420 were also present. the cytochrome b5 content of microsomal preparations from a number of oilseed species was found to be in the order of 200-300 pmol/mg of protein. the ... | 1990 | 2264826 |
| natural killer cell activity in a longitudinal dietary fat intervention trial. | it has been hypothesized that dietary fat may affect natural killer (nk) cell activity, a factor of potential importance in early tumor surveillance. fourteen men successfully completed an intervention trial designed to test the effect of dietary fat on nk activity in humans. study subjects lowered their fat intake to an average of 22% of calories as fat and consumed two dietary supplements (of coconut and safflower oils), in a cross-over design. these supplements resulted in large changes in th ... | 1990 | 2293903 |
| concentrations of long-chain acyl-acyl carrier proteins during fatty acid synthesis by chloroplasts isolated from pea (pisum sativum), safflower (carthamus tinctoris), and amaranthus (amaranthus lividus) leaves. | fatty acid synthesis from [1-14c]acetate by chloroplasts isolated from peas and amaranthus was linear for at least 15 min, whereas incorporation of the tracer into long-chain acyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) did not increase after 2-3 min. when reactions were transferred to the dark after 3-5 min, long-chain acyl-acps lost about 90% of their radioactivity and total fatty acids retained all of theirs. half-lives of the long-chain acyl-acps were estimated to be 10-15 s. concentrations of palmitoyl- ... | 1990 | 2297229 |
| effect of fish oil on lipoproteins, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, and lipid transfer protein activity in humans. | a group of 33 mildly hypercholesterolemic men were stratified into three groups on diets closely matched except for the polyunsaturated fatty acid supplement. the first group received 14 g/day of linoleic acid (safflower oil); the second group, 9 g of alpha-linolenic acid (linseed oil); and the third group, 3.8 g of n-3 fatty acids (fish oil). only fish oil lowered plasma triglycerides (by 24% at 6 weeks, p less than 0.05 compared to safflower oil). very low density lipoprotein (vldl) apoprotein ... | 1990 | 2297349 |
| comparative efficacy of dietary treatments on renal function in rats with sub-total nephrectomy: renal polyunsaturated fatty acid incorporation and prostaglandin excretion. | the efficacy of dietary intervention with either 6% protein restriction, fish oil or safflower oil was assessed in the remnant nephron model. female munich wistar rats were prefed for one week prior to 5/6 nephrectomy and followed for the ensuing 28 days. fish oil, safflower oil and protein restriction prevented the gammaglobulinuria but only fish oil lessened the albuminuria in this model. the remnant nephrons of the fish oil treated rats contained less arachidonic acid and greater quantities o ... | 1990 | 2302867 |
| dietary polyunsaturated fats uniquely suppress rat liver fatty acid synthase and s14 mrna content. | the objective of these studies was to demonstrate that dietary polyunsaturated, but not saturated, fatty acids decrease mrna abundance for fatty acid synthase (fas) and s14. a series of experiments involving adult and weanling rats was designed to examine the ability of saturated (tripalmitin), (n-9) monounsaturated (triolein), (n-6) di-unsaturated (safflower oil), and (n-3) polyenic (fish oil) fatty acids to suppress the gene expression of fas and s14. dietary polyunsaturated fats reduced by 75 ... | 1990 | 2313387 |
| effects of dietary lipids on recovery from mucosal injury. | the present studies were conducted to determine if diets containing a large amount of fat stimulate the regeneration of damaged intestinal mucosa in the presence or absence of essential fatty acid deficiency. to simulate injury, male sprague-dawley rats were given methotrexate, 2.5 mg/kg body wt, subcutaneously for 3 consecutive days. twenty-four hours after the last methotrexate injection, rats were placed on diets containing either 0%, 1%, or 10% safflower oil. mucosal weight, protein, deoxyri ... | 1990 | 2323515 |
| the effects of chronic fish oil feeding in rats on protein catabolism induced by recombinant mediators. | the influence of dietary lipid manipulation with menhaden or safflower oil on changes in protein metabolism in rats receiving recombinant interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha/cachectin (tnf), or both combined (coinf) was examined. whole-body protein kinetics, energy expenditure, nitrogen excretion, and liver and muscle protein synthesis were studied using tracer quantities of l-[1-14c]-leucine. rats fed menhaden oil, high in omega-3 fatty acids, had significantly lower rat ... | 1990 | 2325561 |
| manganese, iron and lipid interactions in rats. | the interactive effects of manganese, iron and lipid on mineral status, manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (mnsod) activity and lipoprotein composition were investigated by feeding weanling rats two levels of manganese (0.4 or 56 micrograms mn/g diet), two levels of iron (29 or 109 micrograms fe/g diet) and either 12% high-linoleic acid safflower oil or 12% high-oleic acid safflower oil for 8 wk. rats fed the manganese-deficient diets had decreased heart mnsod activity; depressed tibia and ... | 1990 | 2341915 |
| effect of dietary fat content and composition during pregnancy on fetal hepatic hmg coa reductase activities and lipids in rats. | the effects of diets containing 20% (wt/wt) safflower, olive or palm oil or 5% (wt/wt) safflower oil when fed throughout gestation on hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a (hmg coa) reductase activity and on plasma and liver lipids were studied in fetal rats at d 21 of gestation. hepatic total and active hmg coa reductase activity, plasma free cholesterol and liver triglyceride and phospholipid 18:2(n-6) levels were higher in fetuses of rats fed 20% than in those of rats fed 5% safflower ... | 1990 | 2352028 |
| potency of polyunsaturated and saturated fats as short-term inhibitors of hepatic lipogenesis in rats. | three dietary studies using male sprague-dawley rats conditioned to meal-eat a high glucose, fat-free diet and one in vitro study with isolated rat hepatocytes were designed to examine the hypothesis that polyunsaturated fats (i.e., safflower oil or linoleate) are more potent acute inhibitors of liver fatty acid synthesis than are saturated fats (i.e., beef tallow or palmitate). fat in the first in vivo study was administered via intubation (1500 mg/rat) whereas in the second and third in vivo s ... | 1990 | 2352029 |
| inhibition of triiodothyronine's induction of rat liver lipogenic enzymes by dietary fat. | the objective of these studies was to demonstrate that the reduction in lipogenic enzymes caused by ingestion of dietary polyunsaturated fat can in part be attributed to an inhibition of triiodothyronine's induction of hepatic lipogenic enzymes. a 3 x 4 factorial design was employed to examine the effect of diets containing no fat, beef tallow or safflower oil on the triiodothyronine-mediated (0, 2, 4 or 8 micrograms/100 g injected daily intraperitoneally) induction of rat liver lipogenic enzyme ... | 1990 | 2352037 |
| influence of host diet on the fatty acid composition and content of rumen protozoa in cattle. | the fatty acid profiles and contents of protozoa from the rumen fluid of cattle varied according to the type of diet consumed by their host. changing from a high-quality hay diet to a low-quality hay diet (da) decreased the proportions of saturated acids and increased the proportions of the unsaturated acids 18:1 cis-9, 18:2 and 18:3 in neutral lipids (nl) and phospholipids (pl). adding sucrose, urea and sulphur (sus) to da increased the proportions of branched chain acids in pl while addition o ... | 1990 | 2359046 |
| increased serum and liver lipid mass and hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coa reductase activities in rabbits fed soy protein saturated fat diets. | male new zealand white rabbits were pair-fed high fat, soy protein-dextrose diets containing either hydrogenated coconut oil (hc) or safflower oil (sa) for 155 days. a third group was fed a low fat, soy protein-dextrose-corn oil diet (sd) previously shown to be normocholesterolemic in the rabbit. all animals gained similar amounts of weight during the feeding period. the hc group became significantly hypercholesterolemic after 28 days with peak elevations at 58 days. although some adaptation in ... | 1990 | 2360878 |
| effect of dietary fat on the lipid composition and utilization of short-chain fatty acids by rat colonocytes. | the objective of the present studies was to examine the effect of dietary fat on the lipid composition of rat colonocytes and their utilization of short-chain fatty acids (scfa). rats were fed 14% beef fat, fish oil or safflower oil plus 2% corn oil in a semi-synthetic base diet for 4 wk. colonocytes were isolated and their lipid composition was examined. feeding beef fat and fish oil resulted in an increase in monounsaturated fatty acids and a reduction in omega-6 fatty acids. feeding fish oil ... | 1990 | 2366630 |
| determination of the alteration in fatty acid profiles, sensory characteristics and carcass traits of swine fed elevated levels of monounsaturated fats in the diet. | the present study was designed to determine the effects of supplemental fat or oil rich in oleic acid on the fatty acid profiles (fap) and physical and sensory traits of pork carcasses. sixty barrows and gilts were equally distributed among five dietary treatments consisting of a control diet of corn and soybean meal and four similar test diets that contained 10% animal fat (45.3 oleic), safflower oil (72.1 oleic), sunflower oil (80.9 oleic) or canola oil (57.7 oleic). the pigs were slaughtered ... | 1990 | 2384362 |
| fatty acid and enzymatic compositional changes in the pancreas of rats fed dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. | the influence of n-3 and n-6 pufa on the fatty acid composition and the enzyme content of zymogen granules of the normal exocrine pancreas was tested on rats. the animals were fed on different diets comprising 5% fish oil (fo), safflower oil (sfo), and evening primrose oil (epo) used singly or in combination as dietary fats. the results were compared with those from animals fed 5% hydrogenated beef tallow (hbt). the fatty acid composition and digestive enzyme content were analyzed after a 6-wk f ... | 1990 | 2398281 |
| effects of dietary n-3 fatty acids on the phospholipid molecular species of monkey brain. | we examined the changes in the molecular species of brain ethanolamine glycerophospholipids of monkeys fed diets containing widely ranging amounts of n-3 fatty acids. two groups of rhesus monkeys were fed pre- and postnatally either a control diet (soy oil; containing 8% of fatty acids as 18:3n-3) or a deficient diet (safflower oil; containing less than 0.3% 18:3n-3). the brains of these animals were analyzed at 22 months of age. a third group of monkeys was fed the safflower oil diet to 22 mont ... | 1990 | 2398354 |
| high linoleic acid diets ameliorate diabetic nephropathy in rats. | the value of high polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) diets in preventing diabetic nephropathy in rats was studied. diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of streptozotocin (sz), 65 mg/kg. rats were divided in four groups fed diets containing 11% fat for 38 weeks. dietary fat derived from four sources: beef tallow (bt; rich in saturated fatty acids), evening primrose oil (epo; rich in gamma linolenic [gla] and linoleic acids [la]), safflower oil (so; rich in la), and fish oil (fo; rich in e ... | 1990 | 2399916 |
| cholecystokinin antagonist prevents hyperamylasemia and improves pancreatic exocrine function in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. | supramaximal cerulein administration induces acute pancreatitis, which markedly impairs pancreatic secretion in conscious rats. we hypothesized that pretreatment with the potent cholecystokinin antagonist, l-364,718, improves the pancreatic secretory impairment associated with cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. rats were surgically prepared with gastric, duodenal, bile, and pancreatic fistulas and jugular vein catheters. on postoperative day 4, groups of rats were administered (a) l-364,718 1 ... | 1990 | 1696383 |
| blood pressure reduction by fish oil in adult rats with established hypertension--dependence on sodium intake. | the effects of fish oil combined with dietary sodium restriction on blood pressure and mesenteric vascular resistance were examined in a series of experiments with adult normotensive (wky) and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (shrsp). rats were fed normal or low sodium diets containing fish oil, olive oil or safflower oil. small but significant reductions of blood pressure (measured directly in conscious rats) were seen in shrsp but not in wky after 8 weeks on a fish oil/low sodium d ... | 1991 | 1745652 |
| dietary fish oil administration retards the development of hypertension and influences vascular neuroeffector function in the stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (shrsp). | an influence of fish oils (rich in eicosapentaenoic acid, epa) in modulating (a) the development of hypertension in the stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (shrsp) and (b) vascular neuroeffector mechanisms in the shrsp was explored. rats (shrsp) were placed on a series of diets for a period of 13 weeks from 4 weeks of age. the fatty acid composition of the diets was derived from fish oil, olive oil, safflower oil or beef fat. after 13 weeks, rats fed diets containing fish oil (at a total ... | 1991 | 1745653 |
| ricinoleic acid biosynthesis and triacylglycerol assembly in microsomal preparations from developing castor-bean (ricinus communis) endosperm. | microsomal membrane preparations from the developing endosperm of castor bean (ricinus communis) catalysed the transfer of oleate from [14c]oleoyl-coa to phosphatidylcholine (ptdcho). in the presence of nadh, radioactive ricinoleate (12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate) was synthesized from [14c]oleate, and this was largely recovered in ptdcho and as free fatty acid. the addition of unlabelled ricinoleoyl-coa to these incubation mixtures did not increase the low [14c]ricinoleate concentration found in th ... | 1991 | 1747126 |
| effects of fish oil on graft arteriosclerosis and mhc class ii antigen expression in rat heterotopic cardiac allografts. | the effect of fish oil on accelerated graft coronary arteriosclerosis was assessed in lewis to brown-norway rat heterotopic cardiac allografts. twelve brown-norway rats were supplemented with 2 ml/kg/day of fish oil (68.3 mg eicosopentaenoic acid and 47.5 mg decosahexaenoic acid per milliliter). eleven additional animals, receiving an isocaloric amount of safflower oil, served as control. all diets began 1 week before operation. immunosuppression was obtained with low-dose cyclosporine (2 mg/kg/ ... | 1991 | 1756147 |
| metabolic effects of coconut, safflower, or menhaden oil feeding in lean and obese zucker rats. | the aim of the present investigation was to study the effects of fish oil feeding in obese zucker rats to establish its suitability as an animal model of hyperlipidaemia, and to understand the possible mechanism of fish oil-induced perturbations in cell metabolism. lean and obese zucker rats were fed on diets containing 180 g coconut, safflower, or menhaden oil/kg for 10 weeks. body-weights and food intakes of lean coconut (lc), safflower (ls), and menhaden (lm) groups were similar. obese menhad ... | 1991 | 1760446 |
| hepatic cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis in pregnant and fetal rats: effect of maternal dietary fat and cholestyramine. | previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that 20% rather than 5% (wt/wt) safflower oil or addition of 5% (wt/wt) cholestyramine to the diet of pregnant rats leads to an increase in the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coa reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol synthesis, in the fetal liver. total cholesterol, however, was not altered in fetal plasma or liver. the effect of these diets on cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis in vivo was therefore studied in fetal ... | 1991 | 1765816 |