Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| influence of soil temperature and ph on pratylenchus penetrans and p. crenatus in alfalfa and timothy. | numbers of pratylenchus penetrans in alfalfa and timothy, and to a lesser extent p. crenatus in timothy, increased substantially as temperature increased from about l0 c to 30 c. however, p. crenatus in alfalfa decreased in number as temperature increased. mobility of p. crenatus in vertical soil columns decreased as temperature increased from 9.5 c to 28.5 c. raising the soil ph from 5.0 to 6.9 in which alfalfa was grown increased the numbers of p. penetrans and greatly reduced the numbers of p ... | 1981 | 19300772 |
| evidence for the absence of swelling of alfalfa mosaic virions. | the stability of the quaternary structure of bottom and top components of alfalfa mosaic virus (respectively amv-b and amv-ta-t) in the ph range 5.5 to 7.8 and at ionic concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1 m has been investigated using small-angle x-ray scattering and photon correlation spectroscopy. the x-ray scattering curves show no significant changes over the angular range measured (to a resolution of 1 100 a (-1)) under the various solvent conditions; the radius of gyration of amv-ta-t is consta ... | 1981 | 18635037 |
| lack of serological relationship between the 35k nonstructural protein of alfalfa mosaic virus and the corresponding proteins of three other plant viruses with a tripartite genome. | alfalfa mosaic virus rna 3 was translated in the mrna-dependent rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system. the 35k translational protein was partly purified and used to raise antibodies. the antibodies obtained reacted with the 35k protein directed by amv rna 3 but not with the corresponding proteins directed by rnas from three other viruses with a tripartite genome (tobacco streak, cucumber mosaic, and brome mosaic). | 1981 | 18635042 |
| evidence that alfalfa mosaic virus infection starts with three rna-protein complexes. | the tripartite genome of alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) needs to be activated by its coat protein. to establish whether coat protein exerts its role by interacting structurally with one, two, or all three amv-rna species, the infectivity of mixtures of rna-protein complexes with free rnas were studied (smit and jaspars, virology 104, 454-461, 1980). these studies were not fully conclusive since some redistribution of coat protein does occur as soon as rnas are brought into contact with rna-protein c ... | 1981 | 18635065 |
| agglutinin from alfalfa necessary for binding and nodulation by rhizobium meliloti. | a protein that specifically agglutinates rhizobium meliloti, the alfalfa root nodule endosymbiont, has been purified from alfalfa seed. material cross-reactive to antiserum prepared against the purified agglutinin is present in all alfalfa varieties that were tested but is absent in corn and other legumes not nodulated by rhizobium meliloti. studies with nonnodulating mutants of this microorganism incapable of binding to alfalfa roots suggest that the agglutinin is responsible for specific recog ... | 1981 | 17780880 |
| effect of steam sterilization and gamma irradiation of peat on quality of rhizobium inoculants. | data obtained by independent tests on each of 483 batches of rhizobium inoculants for glycine max, medicago sativa, and arachis hypogaea, manufactured commercially in south africa, are reported and discussed. whereas the average cell count per gram per batch was well in excess of 10, inoculants for g. max and m. sativa manufactured with peat treated with gamma irradiation at a dose of 50 kgr contained significantly higher numbers of rhizobium cells than inoculants from peat which received 25 kgr ... | 1981 | 16345788 |
| survival of rhizobium in acid soils. | a rhizobium strain nodulating cowpeas did not decline in abundance after it was added to sterile soils at ph 6.9 and 4.4, and the numbers fell slowly in nonsterile soils at ph 5.5 and 4.1. a strain of r. phaseoli grew when added to sterile soils at ph 6.7 and 6.9; it maintained large, stable populations in soils of ph 4.4, 5.5, and 6.0, but the numbers fell markedly and then reached a stable population size in sterile soils at ph 4.3 and 4.4. the abundance of r. phaseoli added to nonsterile soil ... | 1981 | 16345909 |
| effect of ph, mg, co(2) and mercurials on the circular dichroism, thermal stability and light scattering of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylases from alfalfa, spinach and tobacco. | circular dichroism, differential scanning calorimetry and light-scattering measurements of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (e.c. 4.1.1.39) from alfalfa, spinach and tobacco show: a) the conformation and thermal stability of the native carboxylases are sensitive to changes in ph and to activation of the enzyme with mg(2+) and co(2). the helical content, denaturation temperature (t(d)) and specific enthalpy of denaturation (deltaq) decreased with increase in ph. addition of mg(2+) and co(2) ... | 1981 | 16662003 |
| transient susceptibility of root cells in four common legumes to nodulation by rhizobia. | root cells of four common legumes were found to remain susceptible to nodulation by rhizobia for only a short period of time. delayed inoculation experiments conducted with these legume hosts indicated that the initially susceptible region of the root became progressively less susceptible if inoculations were delayed by a few hours. profiles of the frequency of nodule formation relative to marks indicating the regions of root and root hair development at the time of inoculation indicated that no ... | 1981 | 16662065 |
| influence of nonhosts, crucifers, and fungal parasites on field populations of heterodera schachtii. | heterodera schaehtii egg number decline under nonhosts was surveyed for 3-4 years at soil depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm in three fields in the imperial valley, california. in the two fields continously cropped to alfalfa, annual decline rates were 49 and 63%, respectively, and did not differ (p = 0.05) between depths. in the third field, cropped to annual nonhosts and fallowed, decline rates of 56 and 80% at 0-30-cm and 30-60-cm depths, respectively, were significantly different (p = 0.05). egg ... | 1981 | 19300739 |
| factors affecting the voluntary intake of food by sheep. 3. the effect of intravenous infusions of gastrin, cholecystokinin and secretin on motility of the reticulo-rumen and intake. | 1. sheep given ground and pelleted lucerne hay (medicago sativa) ad lib. were infused intravenously with pentagastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin (cck) and its analogues to assess their effects on motility of the reticulo-rumen and on food intake. in the latter experiments the animals were deprived of their diet for periods of up to 6 h to induce hunger and the infusions were made before and during 3-10 min periods of feeding. 2. pentagastrin, and analogue of gastrin, depressed intake by 35-50% ( ... | 1981 | 7470434 |
| acid insoluble ash as a marker of digestibility for sheep fed corn plants or hay and for lactating dairy cattle fed hay. | research has shown acid insoluble ash (aia) in feeds to be an acceptable natural marker for the determination of dry matter digestibility in sheep and steers fed diets of hay plus grain. however, in previous studies, animals were fed diets designed to ensure little or no orts. the purpose of this study was to determine the adequacy of aia as an indicator of dry matter digestibility when sheep or dairy cows were fed ad libitum. fecal, feed and ort samples from wethers and lactating holstein cows ... | 1981 | 7195395 |
| weight gain, reproduction, and survival of syrian hamsters fed five natural ingredient diets. | five natural ingredient diets were fed from weaning until 75 weeks of age to groups of 50 male and 50 female syrian hamsters. two of the diets were commercially available, and the other three were formulated and prepared in our laboratory. all females were mated with males fed the same diet, and three litters from each female were observed until weaning. the parent generation of animals was maintained until 50% of the longest surviving group had died. at the time all survivors were killed. growt ... | 1981 | 7195443 |
| effect of nicotinic acid on microbial protein synthesis in vitro and on dairy cattle growth and milk production. | the effect of nicotinic acid (niacin) on microbial fermentation was tested in vitro. microbial protein synthesis was greater with niacin and soybean meal than with niacin and urea. otherwise, in most instances niacin decreased synthesis with urea. these responses to niacin with soybean meal occurred regardless of roughage type or ratio of roughage to concentration, except when the substrate contained 50% roughage from alfalfa; then the opposite was true. adding niacin to urea-containing rations ... | 1981 | 7196418 |
| cholesterol and bile acid balance in macaca fascicularis. effects of alfalfa saponins. | we determine the effects of alfalfa top saponins on cholesterol and bile acid balance in eight cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis). the monkeys ate semipurified food containing cholesterol with or without added saponins. the saponins decreased cholesterolemia without changing the levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; hence, they reduced the total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio. furthermore, they decreased intestinal absorption of cholesterol, increased fec ... | 1981 | 7451648 |
| light and electron microscopic studies of nodule structure of alfalfa. | light and electron microscopy was used to establish the structural organisation of the developing nodule of alfalfa. in these nodules three distinct regions were noted: (1) the base region, site of original infection where the nodule is attached to the root and now composed of degenerating nodule tissue, (2) the central region, or active region composed of nodule cells containing tightly packed bacteroids surrounding a central vacuole, and (3) the meristematic region, a site of new growth, behin ... | 1981 | 7214231 |
| binding of ribosomes to the 5' leader sequence (n = 258) of rna 3 from alfalfa mosaic virus. | rna 3 of alfalfa mosaic virus (almv) contains information for two genes: near the 5' end an active gene coding for a 35 kd protein and, near the 3' end, a silent gene coding for viral coat protein. we have determined a sequence of 318 nucleotides which contains the potential initiation codon for the 35 kd protein at 258 nucleotides from the 5' end. this long leader sequence can form initiation complexes containing three 80 s ribosomes. a shorter species of rna, corresponding to a molecule of rna ... | 1981 | 7232211 |
| a scanning electron microscopy study of the invasion of leaflets of a bloat-safe and a bloat-causing legume by rumen microorganisms. | a newly developed technique using ruthenium red to detect foci of bacterial digestion in mounts of whole leaflets that had been incubated with rumen bacteria was used to compare the digestion of alfalfa, a bloat-causing legume, and sainfoin, a bloat-safe legume. when whole leaflets were suspended in an artificial rumen medium and inoculated with rumen bacteria, massive bacterial adhesion and proliferation were noted at the stomata of alfalfa leaflets after 6 h of incubation, whereas only a few i ... | 1981 | 7237285 |
| effect of dietary corn starch intake on ruminal, small intestinal and large intestinal starch digestion in cattle. | in exp. 1, 24 yearling holstein steers averaging 340 kg were fed either an alfalfa hay diet at a maintenance level of metabolizable energy (me) intake or corn silage-corn diets at one, two or three times maintenance me intake. after a 42-day adjustment period, steers were fed individually, and digestibilities of total alpha-glucosides, starch oligosaccharides and glucose were determined at 2-week intervals, with chromic oxide used as an indicator. steers fed the alfalfa hay diet had higher (p le ... | 1981 | 7240053 |
| linear models for calculating digestibile energy for sheep diets. | equations for estimating the digestible energy (de) content of sheep diets were generated from the chemical contents and a factorial description of diets fed to lambs in digestion trials. the diet factors were two forages (alfalfa and grass hay), harvested at three stages of maturity (late vegetative, early bloom and full bloom), fed in two ingredient combinations (all hay or a 50:50 hay and corn grain mixture) and prepared by two forage texture processes (coarsely chopped or finely chopped and ... | 1981 | 7240054 |
| millet and alfalfa hays alone and in combination with high-energy diet for receiving stressed calves. | calves subjected to stresses of weaning, marketing, shipping and processing ate more feed, gained more weight and gained more efficiently when fed a 75% concentrate receiving diet, alone or with free choice hay, than when fed hay alone (p less than .01). diets with greater bulk or lower energy densities did not promote higher feed intake in these stressed calves, as would be the case in unstressed animals. no differences due to receiving diets were observed in number of calves treated, days trea ... | 1981 | 7240056 |
| glucose and lactate absorption and metabolic interrelationships in steers changed from low to high concentrate diets. | cannulas were surgically implanted in the portal and mesenteric veins and femoral artery of eight crossbred steers averaging 270 kg. they were given primed, continuous 3-hour infusions of u-[14c]-l-lactate and 2-[3h]- or 6-[3h]-glucose into the jugular vein and para-aminohippuric acid (portal blood flow indicator) into the mesenteric vein before and after being changed from a pelleted alfalfa hay to a pelleted 85% concentrate diet. blood samples were collected at 20-minute intervals during infus ... | 1981 | 7252599 |
| zinc deficiency in molybdenum poisoned cattle. | clinical signs ascribable to zinc deficiency were noted in a group of friesian cows industrially poisoned with molybdenum. zinc, copper, and molybdenum were determined in blood serum and black hair, and in the contaminated alfalfa pasture the group grazed on. hematological parameters, and serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase activity, were also determined. pooled samples of alfalfa from 2 uncontaminated pastures, and of blood, serum and black hair of clinically normal friesian cattle grazing o ... | 1981 | 7257164 |
| characteristics of the rumen proteolysis of fraction i (18s) leaf protein from lucerne (medicago sativa l). | 1. the rate of proteolysis of fraction i (18s) leaf protein in the rumen of sheep of cattle was affected by diet ans the rate on fresh lucerne (medicago sativa l) was three to nine times the rate on a hay + concentrate diet. 2. simultaneous rumen fermentations in vivo and in an artificial rumen showed that the rates of proteolysis of fraction i in vitro was approximately 30% of the rates in sheep. 3. using 14 c uniformly-labelled fraction i protein at low concentrations, proteolysis exhibited 1s ... | 1981 | 7260031 |
| an investigation of the structure of alfalfa mosaic virus by small-angle neutron scattering. | 1981 | 7265211 | |
| an electron microscopic investigation of the structure of alfalfa mosaic virus. | 1981 | 7265214 | |
| [purification and properties of inhibitor from vegetative portion of alfalfa]. | trypsin inhibitor was isolated from the vegetative portion of alfalfa and purified 270-fold by affinity chromatography on trypsin-sepharose. the inhibitor was eluted by gel-filtration as a single peak with molecular weight of 6900. disc-electrophoresis of the purified inhibitor revealed the presence of only one protein band. trypsin inhibition is a mixed process. the trypsin inhibitor from alfalfa does not prevent the activity of cathepsin d from bovine brain. trypsin inhibitor was immobilized o ... | 1981 | 7272346 |
| the toxicity of alfalfa saponins in rats. | 1981 | 7274877 | |
| influence of captan on in vitro and in vivo digestibility of forage. | four trials were conducted to examine the effects of captan (n-trichloromethylthiotetrahydrophthalimide) on digestibility of forage. in the first trial, alfalfa-brome hay was digested in vitro with captan added to the hay at levels ranging from 0 to 150 ppm. digestibilities of alfalfa-brome dry matter, cell walls, acid detergent fiber, cellulose and hemicellulose exhibited a curvilinear response to captan level. maximum responses occurred at 75 to 100 ppm of added captan. in the second trial, ad ... | 1981 | 7275864 |
| crystallization of alfalfa mosaic virus coat protein as a t = 1 aggregate. | 1981 | 7299819 | |
| influence of diet on amino acid absorption in beef cattle and sheep. | six sheep and three steers were fed pelleted alfalfa hay prior to and during the first blood sampling period (bsp) and then switched to an 85% concentrate (hc) diet at least 28 days before a second bsp. portal plasma flow rates were higher in steers than sheep (7.9 versus 5.0 liters/hr per kg0.75). with hc feeding, sheep and cattle had higher plasma femoral arterial concentrations of glycine and 3-methylhistidine and lower concentrations of valine and isoleucine than when fed hay. when fed hc di ... | 1981 | 7310545 |
| influence of fasting and transit on ruminal and blood metabolites in beef steers. | nine ruminally cannulated steers (average weight 477 kg) were randomly assigned to serve as controls (c) or to be fasted (f) or fasted and transported (ft). c steers were allowed free access to alfalfa hay, water and plain salt during the experiment; f steers were deprived of feed and water for 32 hr, and ft steers were deprived of feed and water and transported for 32 hr in a gooseneck trailer. after 32 hr, f and ft steers were allowed access to alfalfa hay, salt and water. rumen samples were w ... | 1981 | 7319940 |
| ammonia treatment of corn plant residues: digestibilities and growth rates. | two lamb digestion trials and two steer growth trials were conducted to evaluate nh3 treatment of cornstalks and cobs. in digestion trial 1, cornstalks were treated to contain 0, 2, 3 or 4 g nh3/100 g dry matter (dm); dm intake of lambs increased (p greater than .05) with increasing levels of nh3 (from 398 to 997 g). dm digestibility (dmd) increased (p greater than .05) from 36.8 to 47.0% with 2% nh3 but did not increase further with 3 or 4% nh3. in digestion trial 2, 3% nh3-treated cornstalks p ... | 1981 | 7341621 |
| potential effects of thiram on medicago - r. meliloti symbiotic association. | the effects of thiram and 2 commercial thiram formulations on the growth and respiration of rhizobia were tested to compare the extent of bacteriostasis under controlled conditions. although bacteriostasis was measurable at all concentrations tested, liquid cultures grew to maximum optical density in thiram suspensions containing less than 10 micrograms/ml. percentage germination, root elongation, and subsequent nodulation by r. meliloti of 2 cultivars of alfalfa, were determined in thiram suspe ... | 1981 | 6942046 |
| ureolytic and urease-activating properties of commercial laboratory animal bedding. | five types of commercial laboratory animal bedding were assessed for endogenous ureolytic activity using a sensitive method which measures the rate of evolution of 14c-carbon dioxide from 14c-urea. on a weight basis, the highest levels of urease activity were found in heat-treated hardwood chips and a regular grade of crushed corncobs. a deodorant-treated type of crushed corncobs had a moderately high level of activity, while pelleted corncobs and pelleted alfalfa were almost devoid of urease ac ... | 1981 | 7019565 |
| improved elisa conditions for detection of plant viruses. | clover yellow vein virus (cyvv) and homologous antisera were used to test effects of time and temperature on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in polystyrene substrate plates. replicated lattice square and youden square experimental designs were used to measure and account for variation in absorption values associated with sample position within polystyrene plates. adsorption of coating antibody to polystyrene was relatively rapid, reaching optimum assay efficiency in 1 h at 5 degrees c ... | 1981 | 7021575 |
| abundance of immunoreactive thyrotropin-releasing hormone-like material in the alfalfa plant. | immunoreactive trh (ir-trh) is found in high concentrations (157 +/- 6 ng/g) in extracts of a plant, alfalfa. on high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), most alfalfa trh showed an increased retention time compared to synthetic trh. since the plant extract eluted after synthetic trh on both sephadex g-10 and biogel p-2 chromatography, it does not appear to be an aggregate or a "big" trh. incubation with rat serum caused degradation of alfalfa trh at a rate similar to synthetic trh. since t ... | 1981 | 6780314 |
| lectin-like constituents of foods which react with components of serum, saliva, and streptococcus mutans. | hot and cold aqueous extracts were prepared from 22 commonly ingested fruits, vegetables, and seeds. when tested by agar diffusion, extracts from 13 and 10 of the foods formed precipitin bands with samples of normal rabbit serum and human saliva, respectively; extracts from four of the foods also reacted with antigen extracts of strains of streptococcus mutans. when added to rabbit antiserum, extracts from 18 of 21 foods tested inhibited reactivity with antigen extracts derived from s. mutans mt ... | 1981 | 6786220 |
| aortic sudanophilia an zinc-copper ratios in the liver of vervet monkeys fed different types of dietary fibre. | vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops pygerethrus) were fed a semipurified diet containing 40% sucrose, 25% casein, 14% hydrogenated coconut oil and 15% fibre for 6 months. alfalfa, cellulose, or wheat straw was the source of the fibre. all the diets led to aortic sudanophilia, but the group fed wheat straw had the highest copper level in the liver and the least sudanophilia. the order to severity of the sudanophilia, the ratio of zinc to copper in the fibers, and the ratio of zinc to copper in ... | 1981 | 6164104 |
| the effect of dietary fiber on human pancreatic enzyme activity in vitro. | human pancreatic juice was used as a source of amylase, lipase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin. the human pancreatic juice was incubated with one of several dietary fibers, including alfalfa, oat bran, pectin. solka floc, wheat bran, and xylan. in addition, the human pancreatic juice was incubated without any fiber, which was used as the control. incubation with solka floc (cellulose) and xylan (a hemicellulose) resulted in a substantial loss of activity in all enzymes assayed. wheat bran and oat bra ... | 1981 | 6165234 |
| effect dietary corn starch intake on pancreatic amylase and intestinal maltase and ph in cattle. | the ph optimum of pancreatic alpha-amylase from grain-fed steers was determined to be 6.9, while that of intestinal maltase was established at 5.8. both assays were found to be linear up to 1 hr of incubation. the v max of pancreatic amylase was determined to be pancreatic amylase was determined to be 1.15 mg of maltose monohydrate produced/hr. activities of pancreatic and intestinal maltase were not reduced (p greater than .05) during the interval from sample collection from the animal until an ... | 1981 | 6165710 |
| heterogeneous chromatographic behaviour or soluble rna replicase from healthy and virus-infected tobacco leaves: an improvement of the purification methodology. | during purification of soluble rna replicase from healthy and alfalfa mosaic virus-infected tobacco leaves, crude extracts were chromatographed on deae-sephadex a-25, and three rna-dependent rna polymerase activities were obtained; one of these was previously characterized as a true rna replicase, the remaining two were not studied (chifflot et al., 1980, virology 100, 91). we now demonstrate that all of these activities correspond to the same rna replicase, complexed or not to cellular or viral ... | 1981 | 6173393 |
| ultrastructural modifications of intestinal and colonic mucosa induced by free or bound bile acids. | there is substantial evidence that bile acids may enhance the colon tumorigenesis induced by chemical carcinogens and that agents stimulating increased bile acid excretion may show similar promoting or enhancing activity. to test the premise that these agents might modify topographical ultrastructure of the small intestine and colon in the absence of carcinogens, rats were fed for 6 weeks on chemically defined diets containing 2% levels of three commercial bile acid sequestrants or 15% levels of ... | 1981 | 6266663 |
| terminal uridylyl transferase of vigna unguiculata: purification and characterization of an enzyme catalyzing the addition of a single ump residue to the 3'-end of an rna primer. | an enzyme which catalyzes the addition of a single ump residue from utp to the 3'-end of an rna primer and which is referred to as terminal uridylyl transferase (tut) has been extensively purified from the membrane fraction of vigna unguiculata leaves. the purification procedure involved (i) solubilization by cation depletion (ii) deae-sepharose cl-6b column chromatography (iii) affinity chromatography of poly(u)-sepharose 4b and (iv) glycerol gradient centrifugation. the molecular weight of the ... | 1981 | 6269049 |
| effect of chronic intake of dietary fibers on the ultrastructural topography of rat jejunum and colon: a scanning electron microscopy study. | this report is an attempt to quantitate the observable topographical characteristics of small and large intestine after a specific dietary regimen under well-defined states of lipid absorption and metabolism. alfalfa, white wheat bran, cellulose, and pectin were fed for 6 wk at a level of 15 g/100 g diet to four groups of rats (12 rats per dietary group). a 5th control group was maintained on purina rat chow. three animals from each group were blind-coded for morphological assessment. after anes ... | 1981 | 6259920 |
| physical and genetic characterization of symbiotic and auxotrophic mutants of rhizobium meliloti induced by transposon tn5 mutagenesis. | we have physically and genetically characterized 20 symbiotic and 20 auxotrophic mutants of rhizobium meliloti, the nitrogen-fixing symbiont of alfalfa (medicago sativa), isolated by transposon tn5 mutagenesis. a "suicide plasmid" mutagenesis procedure was used to generate tn-5-induced mutants, and both auxotrophic and symbiotic mutants were found at a frequency of 0.3% among strains containing random tn5 insertions. two classes of symbiotic mutants were isolated: 4 of the 20 formed no nodules ... | 1982 | 6274841 |
| clustering of nitrogen fixation (nif) genes in rhizobium meliloti. | a cloned 17.3-kilobase region of the rhizobium meliloti genome with homology to the klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogenase structural genes was studied. limits on the extent of homology were determined. transposon mutagenesis of this region of the genome verified that it contained functional nif genes, some transposon insertions resulted in a defective symbiotic phenotype, whereas others had no noticeable effect on symbiotic competence. the relative position of insertions yielding these two phenotypi ... | 1982 | 6274844 |
| influence of dietary fibers on fermentation in the human large intestine. | fiber sources were fed to 24 men to evaluate the effect of fiber on large intestinal microflora. the diets were low fiber basal or the basal diet supplemented with coarse bran, fine bran, cabbage, or cellulose (solka floc). twelve subjects (group 1) were fed all fiber sources using a latin square design with 2-week experimental periods followed by a 3-week period on the basal diet. group 2 made one diet change after the first experimental period, then remained on that diet throughout the experim ... | 1982 | 6275053 |
| carbohydrate fermentation in the large intestine of lambs. | in one of two experiments, six 4-mo-old wethers fitted with ileal and cecal cannulas were fed three levels of concentrate (0, 40 or 80% corn) with forage in a replicated 3 x 3 latin square design. chromic oxide was fed as a marker. quantities of starch recovered at the ileum and digested in the large intestine increased (p less than .05) with increased starch intake. quantities of acid detergent fiber (adf) recovered at the ileum increased with increased adf intake; however; adf digestion (grams ... | 1982 | 6282799 |
| effects of dietary fibers on lipid metabolism in liver and adipose tissue in chicks. | two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of dietary fibers on lipid metabolism with 14-day-old male chicks fed isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets with or without 4% cellulose or 8% alfalfa meal for 3 and 6 weeks. feeding the cellulose or alfalfa meal resulted in significant reductions in hepatic lipid deposition and plasma lipid content. hepatic de novo fatty acid synthesis from acetate, glucose and leucine was significantly reduced by feeding the cellulose or alfalfa meal. trig ... | 1982 | 6284893 |
| effects of intraruminal infusions of mineral salts on volatile fatty acid production in steers fed high-grain and high-roughage diets. | four rumen fistulated holstein steers were used to assess the effects of intraruminal salt infusions on various rumen characteristics including volatile fatty acid production rates. in the first experiment, the basal diet consisted of 75% concentrate and 25% corn silage (high-grain diet). the experimental design was a 4 x 4 latin square in which the four treatments were: 1) intraruminal infusion of 8 liters of water (control) or 8 liters of water plus 2) 288 g sodium bicarbonate, 3) 200 g sodium ... | 1982 | 6286743 |
| influence of high-fiber diet on bacterial populations in gastrointestinal tracts of obese- and lean-genotype pigs. | bacterial populations from gastrointestinal tracts of genetically lean and obese pigs fed a low- or high-fiber diet (0 or 50% alfalfa meal, respectively) were enumerated with rumen fluid media and specific energy sources. total culture counts in rectal samples declined 56 (p greater than 0.05) and 63% (p less than 0.05) in lean and obese animals, respectively, 3 weeks after feeding the high-fiber diet. after 8 weeks, culture counts had risen and were similar to those obtained before alfalfa was ... | 1982 | 6289744 |
| proton-magnetic-resonance studies on the coat protein of alfalfa mosaic virus. | 1982 | 6290214 | |
| effect of dietary alfalfa on zearalenone toxicity and metabolism in rats and swine. | experiments were conducted with rats and swine to determine the potential of dietary alfalfa as a treatment for zearalenone (z) toxicosis. ninety-six female weanling wistar rats were fed a casein-based semipurified diet containing 0, 15 or 25% alfalfa and 0 or 250 micrograms z/g feed. exposure to z for 14 d resulted in reduced growth, feed consumption and feed efficiency as well as kidney and liver enlargement and reduced activity of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 alpha-hsd). z had no e ... | 1982 | 6214539 |
| dietary influences on excretory pathways and tissue residues of zearalenone and zearalenols in the rat. | experiments were conducted with male weanling rats to determine the effect of high dietary protein (40% casein), alfalfa (25%), protein + alfalfa (25% casein + 25% alfalfa), or anion-exchange resin (5%) on the relative proportions of free and conjugated zearalenone and zearalenols excreted in urine and feces following a single oral dose of zearalenone. about 90% of the dose was excreted in feces after 48 h while the remaining 10% was excreted in urine. zearalenone and metabolites were excreted m ... | 1982 | 6299487 |
| effect of diet on amino and nucleic acids of rumen bacteria and protozoa. | amino acid composition and nucleic acid content of pure cultures of rumen bacteria (17 species) were analyzed. amino acid composition between gram-positive and -negative organisms was not different. the total nitrogen content of gram-negative bacteria (10.8%) was significantly higher than gram-positive organisms (9.9%). deoxyribonucleic acid-nitrogen: total nitrogen (mg/g) differed between gram-positive (8.8) and gram-negative (18.9) bacteria, but there was no significant difference in ratio of ... | 1982 | 6185549 |
| hypocholesterolemic effect of alfalfa meal in monkeys is not due to thyroid stimulation. | 1982 | 6801665 | |
| protein binding sites in nucleation complexes of alfalfa mosaic virus rna 4. | the subgenomic coat protein messenger rna 4 of alfalfa mosaic virus forms complexes with one and three coat protein dimers, which are designated complexes i and iii, respectively. these complexes were separated, subjected to digestion with ribonuclease t1, and filtered onto millipore filters. phenol extracts of the filters contained specific fragments of rna 4, which were sequenced after electrophoretic separation on nondenaturing and denaturing polyacrylamide gels. complex i yielded only a 68-n ... | 1982 | 6810924 |
| effect of estrogen implants on hepatic lipid deposition in chicks fed different isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. | two experiments were conducted to determine if differences in response of livers to estradiol administration in male broiler chicks would be observed if fed isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets of different composition. a polymethylsiloxane tube filled with estradiol dipropionate was implanted under the neck skin to ensure a constant release of hormone. different tube sizes were implanted in two- to three-week-old chicks fed a basal corn-soybean meal (cs) diet or a diet containing fish meal, alfa ... | 1982 | 7054466 |
| motility of the reticulum and rumen of sheep given juice-extracted pasture. | 1. sheep were fed on different diets of juice-extracted herbage to determine what effect juice-extraction had on reticulo-rumen motility. 2. the frequency of a and b sequences of contraction of the reticulo-rumen were recorded during eating, rumination and inactivity for continuous periods of 24-72 h by using integrated electromyograms obtained from electrodes implanted in the musculature of the reticulum and cranial dorsal rumen. 3. animals were fed on herbage in which approximately 200 g/kg dr ... | 1982 | 7059570 |
| botulism in an oregon dairy cow herd. | of 18 sick cows in a 100-cow dairy herd in oregon, 14 died despite treatment. the cows were being fed high-moisture whole corn and alfalfa and rye haylage from pit silos. signs of illness were anorexia, severe depression, and reduced milk production. necropsy revealed only hyperemia of the abomasal mucosa and dilated, gas filled large intestine. on the basis of response to treatment, laboratory findings, necropsy findings, and herd history, a tentative diagnosis of botulism was made. this diagno ... | 1982 | 7061313 |
| studies of the large intestine of sheep. 1. fermentation and absorption in sections of the large intestine. | 1. fermentation and absorption of constituents of digesta in segments of the large intestine of sheep given different diets were studied by analysis of gut contents obtained at slaughter after a period during which the sheep had been administered a non-absorbable gut marker. 2. in sheep given chopped, dried lucerne (medicago sativa) there was net absorption of water throughout the large intestine with concomitant increases in the proportion of dry matter (dm) and organic matter (om). there was n ... | 1982 | 7066290 |
| inhibitors of animal cell-free protein synthesis from grains. | we described earlier the purification and properties of a protein (tritin) from wheat that enzymatically inhibits translation in cell-free systems from animals but not plants. in this report, we have examined 11 additional grains (family gramineae) and three other seeds for the presence of tritin-like proteins. in addition to wheat species, barley, oats, rye, triticale and corn were found to be sources of inhibitor; no inhibitor could be detected in rice, millet, sesame, alfalfa, mung bean or co ... | 1982 | 7066324 |
| alterations of the conformation of the rnas of alfalfa mosaic virus upon binding of a few coat protein molecules. | structural changes in the single-stranded genome rnas (rnas 1, 2 and 3) and the subgenomic coat protein messenger (rna 4) of alfalfa mosaic virus upon addition of a few coat protein molecules of the virus were investigated by measuring the fluorescent intensity of bound ethidium bromide and by circular dichroism. no effect could be observed in the case of the genome rnas. however, in rna 4, which is of much less complexity than the genome rnas, a reduction of the ethidium bromide binding by 30% ... | 1982 | 7066325 |
| systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome in monkeys fed alfalfa sprouts: role of a nonprotein amino acid. | hematologic and serologic abnormalities similar to those observed in human systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) developed in cynomolgus macaques fed alfalfa sprouts. l-canavanine sulfate, a constituent of alfalfa sprouts, was incorporated into the diet and reactivated the syndrome in monkeys in which an sle-like syndrome had previously been induced by the ingestion of alfalfa seeds or sprouts. | 1982 | 7071589 |
| urinary production in the healthy horse and in horses deprived of feed and water. | total daily 24-hour urinary output was obtained from 11 healthy horses fed alfalfa hay with free access to salt during periods of high environmental temperatures. daily urinary volume averaged 15.6 l, with mean specific gravity of 1.028, osmolality of 1,040 mosm/kg, and urinary flow rate of 1.24 ml/kg/hr. total 24-hour sample collections of urine were also obtained from horses held without access to feed or water for periods of 24, 48, and 72 hours during high environmental temperatures. average ... | 1982 | 7073100 |
| glucose kinetics in lactating and nonlactating dairy goats. | both intravenous single injections of 6-tritium labeled glucose and primed continuous infusions of uniformly labeled carbon-14 glucose were applied to four nonpregnant saanen goats. four sequential treatments were high milk production, low milk production, "dry" with no milk production, and fasting during the dry period. the diet was 25% chopped alfalfa hay and 75% grain, and by design feed intake decreased sequentially (1.85, 1.49, .80) and 0 kg/day) with the progression from high production to ... | 1982 | 7076959 |
| consumption of poisonous plants (senecio jacobaea, symphytum officinale, pteridium aquilinum, hypericum perforatum) by rats: chronic toxicity, mineral metabolism, and hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes. | effect of dietary tancy ragwort (senecio jacobaea), comfrey (symphytum officinale), bracken (pteridium aquilinum) and alfalfa (medicago sativa) on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in rats were measured. tansy ragwort and bracken increased (p less than 0.05) the activity of glutathione transferase and epoxide hydrolase. comfrey and alfalfa increased (p less than 0.05) the activity of aminopyrine n-demethylase. feeding bracken or st. john's wort (hypericum perforatum) in conjunction with tansy ra ... | 1982 | 7080084 |
| effects of cold exposure on feed protein degradation, microbial protein synthesis and transfer of plasma urea to the rumen of sheep. | 1. three diets of barley-canola-seed (brassica campestris), lucerne (medicago sativa) or chopped brome-grass (bromus inermis) were given at intervals of 3 h to closely-shorn suffolk wethers held at a temperature of 1-5 degree (cold) or 22-24 degree (warm). apparent digestibility of organic matter (om) and nitrogen was reduced by 0.08-0.05 and 0.04 units respectively for lucerne and brome-grass diets given to cold-exposed sheep, but no treatment effects on digestibility were observed for the barl ... | 1982 | 7082623 |
| effect of diet on the oral glucose tolerance test in the horse. | the effect of altering the diet during the week preceding the administration of an oral glucose tolerance test was studied in 7 horses. the results indicated that substantially lower oral glucose tolerance test curves are observed in horses fed a stable diet comprised of oat hay, a commercially prepared complete feed, and oat and alfalfa chaff, when compared with the curves for horses grazing clover and kikuyu pasture. it was concluded that, in utilizing the oral glucose tolerance test to assess ... | 1982 | 7085466 |
| effect of heat increment and level of dietary energy and environmental temperature on the performance of growing-finishing swine. | three experiments were conducted to evaluate levels and sources of dietary energy for growing-finishing pigs during cool and warm seasons. the specific objective was to determine the effect of lower energy diets containing more fiber during cooler temperatures. in exp. 1, lower energy diets supported daily gains equal to those of pigs fed higher energy diets during low temperature trials, but gains were decreased (p less than .05) during high temperature trials. feed conversion was improved with ... | 1982 | 7085506 |
| microbial hazards associated with bean sprouting. | the behaviour of microorganisms was studied in mung beans and alfalfa seeds before and after germination in modified, commercially available bean-sprouting kits. the microorganism were enumerated by the aerobic plate count (apc) and by total yeast and mold count procedures. salmonella species were artificially inoculated into selected samples and were enumerated by the most probable number (mpn) method. after germination of the beans or seeds into mature sprouts, significant increases were noted ... | 1982 | 7085541 |
| structural studies of alfalfa roots infected with nodulation mutants of rhizobium meliloti. | alfalfa roots infected with four nodulation defective (nod-) mutants of rhizobium meliloti which were generated by transposon tn5 mutagenesis were examined by light and electron microscopy. in one class of nod- mutants, which we can nonreactive, the bacteria did not induce root hair curling or penetrate host cells. in a second class of nod- mutants, which we call reactive, the bacteria induced some root hair curling and entered root epidermal cells, although no infection threads were formed. in ... | 1982 | 7085566 |
| heme biosynthesis in rhizobium. identification of a cloned gene coding for delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase from rhizobium meliloti. | a symbiotically important gene system in rhizobial species is the heme biosynthetic pathway. a mutant having reduced levels of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase, the first unique enzyme in this pathway, was obtained in rhizobium meliloti 102f34 by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. enzyme activity ranged from 3-13% of the wild type. alfalfa plants inoculated with the rhizobium synthetase mutant grew no better than uninoculated controls and formed only small white nodules which ... | 1982 | 7096330 |
| selected blood chemistry and hematologic characteristics in milk-fed and conventionally fed calves. | effects of diet and age on selected blood chemistry and hematologic characteristics were studied in 20 holstein bull calves. milk-fed calves (treatment 1) were maintained exclusively on a milk-replacer diet. conventionally fed calves (treatment 2) were provided a calf-starter diet and alfalfa hay beginning at 2 wk of age and were weaned from milk replacer at 7 wk of age. blood samples were collected by jugular puncture from all animals just before the morning feeding at 6, 7, 9, and 11 wk of age ... | 1982 | 7108008 |
| studies of arterial wall glycosaminoglycans and collagen during experimental regression of atherosclerotic lesions in cynomolgus monkeys. | the effect of various antiatherogenic regimens on glycosaminoglycan and collagen concentrations in aortas from cynomolgus monkeys with diet-induced atherosclerosis was studied. the drugs and materials that were studied included d-thyroxine, [4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinyl]thioacetic acid, cholestyramine, alfalfa, and glucophage. the treatments resulted in varied degrees of regression of lesions. the mean hydroxyproline concentration in aortas among groups of animals treated with differe ... | 1982 | 7109540 |
| dermatitis in horses and man caused by the straw itch mite. | an episode of dermatitis in 12 horses and many animal handlers in the veterinary medical teaching hospital of the university of florida was attributed to the straw itch mite, pyemotes tritici. the mite was found in abundance alfalfa hay that recently had been delivered to the hospital. papules were the most common cutaneous lesions, and these developed on areas of the body to which the mites had easiest access. the clinical course was self-limiting, remitting when the hay supply was depleted. | 1982 | 7130009 |
| translational competition between related virus rna species in cell-free systems. | the competition between the rnas from two tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) strains for translation in rabbit reticulocyte lysate and wheat germ cell-free systems was investigated. the virus translational products were distinguished by the size difference of the i2 polypeptides. the rnas of the two strains were translated simultaneously if added to the translation system together at the beginning of the reaction. each of the tmv rnas could inhibit translation of the other when the reaction was initiate ... | 1982 | 7142974 |
| methods of estimating energy intake by production traits and body weight. | relationships among three estimates of energy intake of individual lactations were measured. the study was of 167 holstein heifers in first lactation fed 1.8 kg of alfalfa hay and one of the two mixed rations of concentrate, corn silage, and grass silage ad libitum. estimate 1 (megacalories of net energy for lactation) was calculated from lactation milk yield, mean fat test, mean body weight, change in body weight, and net energy requirements for production, maintenance, and growth from the nati ... | 1982 | 7153394 |
| significance of plant metabolism in the mutagenicity and toxicity of pesticides. | in an attempt to gain an overall estimate for the influence of plant metabolism on environmental mutagenesis, the mutagenicity of an assortment of agricultural pesticide preparations in the salmonella bio-assay was evaluated using both rat liver s9 and plant enzyme homogenates as activating systems. the study indicates that plant metabolism can alter the results of this short-term mutagenicity test: some compounds which are non mutagenic in the salmonella bio-assay (e.g. diquat) give positive re ... | 1982 | 7172099 |
| [analysis of safety and nutritive value of protein isolated from alfalfa]. | experiments were made on white rats to examine the effect of a protein isolate from lucerne on the animal body. the rat body responses to the supply of this protein contained by the diet in an amount of 18 and 36% were studied with the use of biochemical and morphological methods. the protein isolate from lucerne did not alter the structural integrity of parenchymatous organs and did not exhibit any toxic effects. this finding was also confirmed by biochemical studies. biological studies with th ... | 1982 | 7179853 |
| capped mrnas with reduced secondary structure can function in extracts from poliovirus-infected cells. | extracts from poliovirus-infected hela cells were used to study ribosome binding of native and denatured reovirus mrnas and translation of capped mrnas with different degrees of secondary structure. here, we demonstrate that ribosomes in extracts from poliovirus-infected cells could form initiation complexes with denatured reovirus mrna, in contrast to their inability to bind native reovirus mrna. furthermore, the capped alfalfa mosaic virus 4 rna, which is most probably devoid of stable seconda ... | 1982 | 14582204 |
| open reading frame in the minus strand of two plus type rna viruses. | : inspection of the nucleotide sequences of the rnas complementary to the coat protein mrnas from two plant viruses with a tripartite genome: alfalfa mosaic virus and brome mosaic virus, showed the presence of open reading frames for 138 and 118 amino acids, respectively. a third virus (cowpea chlorotic mottle virus) from the same family (1) does not show this phenomenon. this suggests that if a protein is coded for by the open reading frames it may be not essential for virus multiplication. alt ... | 1982 | 24317896 |
| the effect of arthrobotrys conoides on meloidogyne incognita population densities in corn as influenced by temperature, fungus inoculum density, and time of fungus introduction in the soil. | in greenhouse experiments, the effect of arthrobotrys conoides on meloidogyne incognita population densities as affected by soil temperature, inoculum density, and green alfalfa was determined. the effect on m. incognita population densities was greater at a soil temperature of 25 c than at 18 or 32 c. nematode control by a. conoides was most effective when the fungus was introduced into the soil 2 wk prior to nematode inoculation and planting of corn. inoculum density of a. conoides was positiv ... | 1982 | 19295692 |
| population dynamics of meloidogyne incognita on corn grown in soil in fested with arthrobotrys conoides. | microplot and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of soil incorporation of the nematophagous fungus arthrobotrys conoides and green alfalfa mulch on the population dynamics of meloidogyne incognita on corn. reproduction of m. incognita and the incidence of root galling were reduced by the addition of a. conoides and/or green alfalfa in all tests. numbers of juveniles were reduced by as much as 84%, and eggs were fewest in early to mid-season soil samples from microplots ... | 1982 | 19295673 |
| n abundance of nodules as an indicator of n metabolism in n(2)-fixing plants. | this paper expands upon previous reports of (15)n elevation in nodules (compared to other tissues) of n(2)-fixing plants. n(2)-fixing nodules of glycine max (soybeans), vigna unguiculata (cowpea), phaseolus vulgaris (common bean), phaseolus coccineus (scarlet runner bean), prosopis glandulosa (mesquite), and olneya tesota (desert ironwood) were enriched in (15)n. nodules of vicia faba (fava beans), arachis hypogaea (peanut), trifolium pratense (red clover), pisum sativum (pea), lathyrus sativus ... | 1982 | 16662517 |
| ultrastructural localization of urate oxidase in nodules of sesbania exaltata, glycine max, and medicago sativa. | the localization of urate oxidase (=uricase, e.c. 1.7.3.3) was determined cytochemically in nodules of sesbania exaltata (raf.) cory, soybean (glycine max [l.] merr.) and alfalfa (medicago sativa [l.] ), using the precipitation of peroxide (produced during the oxidation of urate) by cerium chloride. cerium perhydroxide reaction product was noted only in the microbodies, a localization consistent with biochemical fractionation studies on urate oxidase. urate oxidase was present not only in the un ... | 1982 | 7201988 |
| metabolism of [(14)c]flamprop-isopropyl in suspension cultures from medicago sativa and phaseolus sp. | metabolism of the selective herbicide flamprop-isopropyl (isopropyl-n-benzoyl-n-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2-aminopropionate) in suspension cultures of the dicotyledons phaseolus vulgaris, p. multiflorus and medicago sativa showed general similarities be, but particular variations from, that reported in intact plants of hordeum vulgare. hydrolysis of the ester and conjugation were major routes, but some hydroxylation and hydrolysis of the amide was also observed. the implications of these variati ... | 1982 | 24259137 |
| emission of hydrogen sulfide by leaf tissue in response to l-cysteine. | leaf discs and detached leaves exposed to l-cysteine emitted a volatile sulfur compound which was proven by gas chromatography to be h(2)s. this phenomenon was demonstrated in all nine species tested (cucumis sativus, cucurbita pepo, nicotiana tabacum, coleus blumei, beta vulgaris, phaseolus vulgaris, medicago sativa, hordeum vulgare, and gossypium hirsutum). the emission of volatile sulfur by cucumber leaves occurred in the dark at a similar rate to that in the light. the emission of leaf discs ... | 1982 | 16662510 |
| relative efficacy of different alfalfa cultivar-rhizobium meliloti strain combinations for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. | five rhizobium meliloti isolates known to have different capabilities for expression of nitrogenase activity under symbiotic conditions were used to inoculate four representative medicago sativa cultivars under aseptic conditions. nitrogenase activities and respiratory activity were measured for whole plants and excised nodules. dry weights and nodule numbers were also recorded after 4 weeks of growth in plastic pouches on a nitrogen-free nutrient medium. hydrogen evolution and acetylene reducti ... | 1982 | 16345986 |
| variation in numbers and mass of ciliate protozoa in the rumens of sheep fed chaffed alfalfa (medicago sativa). | masses and numbers of rumen ciliate protozoa were markedly different in individual sheep fed chaffed alfalfa hay under different feeding regimens. studies on the ciliate contribution to specific aspects of rumen fermentation should take into account the size of members of each genus in individual animals as well as the numbers present. | 1982 | 16346017 |
| root surface association in relation to nodulation of medicago sativa. | nine strains of rhizobium meliloti, ranging in competitive ability on medicago sativa from excellent to poor in autoclaved soils, were paired in 29 combinations and used to inoculate m. sativa in a liquid rooting medium. a positive correlation (r = 0.545) between strain ratios in nodules after 28 days and root surface cell ratios after 7 days was determined. two cell fractions from the root surface, representing loosely and firmly adhering cells, were investigated. infectivity was linked to the ... | 1982 | 16346071 |
| competitive abilities of rhizobium meliloti strains considered to have potential as inoculants. | twenty four strains of rhizobium meliloti considered to have potential for inoculant production were grouped in pairs and tested for their ability to compete for nodulation on medicago sativa, medicago truncatula, and medicago littoralis. at the outset, each pair of strains, which consisted of a wild type and a selected streptomycin-resistant mutant of another strain, was tested in an autoclaved soil. six strain pairs, each consisting of a good and a poor competitor, reacted consistently when te ... | 1982 | 16346072 |
| orientation of the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus: a proposal. | the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the alfalfa looper autographa californica contains a double-stranded, circular dna genome. fourteen scientists agreed to accept an orientation of this circular genome with respect to a physical map of the restriction endonuclease cleavage sites. | 1982 | 16789218 |
| evidence that rna 4 of alfalfa mosaic virus does not replicate autonomously. | a mutant (tbts7) of alfalfa mosaic virus, the coat protein of which is unable to activate the viral genome (the rna species 1, 2, and 3, which need some coat protein for infectivity) at 30 degrees , can be rescued at this temperature by adding to the inoculum wild-type rna 3 (the genome part that contains the coat protein cistron), but not adding wild-type rna 4 (the subgenomic messenger for the coat protein). unless rna 3 of tbts 7 has a second ts mutation at a site not occurring in rna 4, it m ... | 1982 | 18635120 |
| effect of age of alfalfa root on penetration by pratylenchus penetrans. | penetration by all migratory life stages of pratylenchus penetrans into roots of alfalfa (medicago sativa l. cv. du puits) was inversely proportional to tissue age. two-day-old tissue in the root hair zone was penetrated twice as much as 10- or 20-day-old sections of the tap root. age-related differences were also observed in branch roots; these differences were not affected by increasing the number of nematodes from 1 to 10 per inoculation site, nor by increasing the length of the incubation pe ... | 1982 | 19295681 |
| interactions among selected endoparasitic nematodes and three pseudomonads on alfalfa. | meloidogyne hapla, pratylenchus penetrans, and helicotylenchus dihystera, reduced the growth of 'saranac ar alfalfa seedlings when applied at concentrations of 50 nematodes per plant. all except p. penetrans reduced seedling growth when applied at 25 per seedling. m. hapla reduced growth when applied at 12 per seedling. nematodes interacted with three pseudomonads to produce greater growth reductions than were obtained with single pathogens, suggesting synergistic relationships. ditylenchus dips ... | 1982 | 19295682 |
| suppression of alfalfa growth by concommitant populations of pratylenchus penetrans and two fusarium species. | growth of alfalfa (medicago sativa cv. vernal) seedlings was compared after inoculation with combinations of either pratylenchus penetrans and fusarium soloni or p. penetrans and f. oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis. a synergistic disease interaction occurred in alfalfa when f. oxysporum and p. penetrans were added simultaneously to the soil. alfalfa growth was suppressed at all inoculum levels of p. penetrans and f. oxysporum, but not with f. solani. seedlings inoculated with the nematode alone gave ... | 1982 | 19295722 |
| morphological comparisons between xiphinema rivesi daimasso and x. americanum cobb populations from the eastern united states. | though in the past xiphinema americanum has been the most commonly reported dagger nematode in the eastern united states, our studies revealed the presence in pennsvlvania of a previously unrecognized and unreported species related to x. americanum, morphometric data and photomicrographs establish the identity of this form as x. rivesi and show expected variations in populations of this species from various locations. similar data and illustrations are given for x. americanum populations from pe ... | 1982 | 19295745 |
| altered balance of the synthesis of plus- and minus-strand rnas induced by rnas 1 and 2 of alfalfa mosaic virus in the absence of rna 3. | the synthesis of viral plus-strand and minus-strand rnas in cowpea protoplasts inoculated with mixtures of alfalfa mosaic virus nucleoproteins (b, m, tb, and ta) was analyzed by the northern blotting technique. a mixture of b, m, and tb induced the synthesis of plus-strand rnas 1, 2, 3, and 4 and three minus-strand rnas corresponding to rnas 1, 2, and 3, respectively. compared to this complete infection, a mixture of b and m induced the synthesis of a reduced amount of plus-strand rnas 1 and 2 a ... | 1983 | 18644274 |