Publications

synthetic ion channels with rigid-rod pi-stack architecture that open in response to charge-transfer complex formation.	we describe the design, synthesis, and evaluation of synthetic ion channels with a new rigid-rod pi-stack architecture that open in response to guest binding by aromatic electron donor-acceptor interactions. highly cooperative and highly selective ligand gating is shown to yield anion selective, small ion channels that have the characteristic plum color of the charge-transfer complexes formed between the dialkoxynaphthalene ligands and the stacked naphthalenediimide acceptors of the channel.	2005	15869262
gender difference in hiv-1 rna viral loads.	to test and characterize the dependence of viral load on gender in different countries and racial groups as a function of cd4 t-cell count.	2005	15876283
cx31 and cx43 double-deficient mice reveal independent functions in murine placental and skin development.	the overlapping expression of gap junctional connexins in tissues has indicated that the channels may compensate for each other. during development, cx31 and cx43 are coexpressed in preimplantation embryos, in the spongiotrophoblast of the placenta and in the epidermis. this study shows that cx31/cx43 double-deficient mice exhibit the known phenotypes of the single-knockout strains but no combined effects. thus, cx43, coexpressed with cx31 at midgestation in the spongiotrophoblast of the placent ...	2005	15895417
analysis of recombinant plum pox virus (ppv) isolates from serbia confirms genetic homogeneity and supports a regional origin for the ppv-rec subgroup.	the recent observation of the frequent occurrence of natural recombinant plum pox virus (ppv) isolates has led to the identification of a distinct ppv subgroup, named ppv-rec. the diversity, origin and geographical spread of the recombinant ppv isolates belonging to this subgroup remain, however, relatively poorly known. in an effort to further our understanding of these isolates, eight ppv isolates from serbia, the country from which the first such recombinant (ppv-o6) originated, were characte ...	2005	15906106
real-time assay for quantitative detection of non-persistently transmitted plum pox virus rna targets in single aphids.	a taqman real-time rt-pcr was developed to detect and quantify rna-targets from the non-circulative, non-persistently transmitted plum pox virus (ppv) in individual fresh or aphids captured previously and squashed on paper. reliable quantitation ranged from 40 up to 4 x 10(8) copies of control transcripts. this technique was applied successfully to plant material and to individual ppv vector (myzus persicae) and non-vector of ppv (aphis nerii) aphid species demonstrating acquisition of viral tar ...	2005	15964640
application of gfp-tagged plum pox virus to study prunus-ppv interactions at the whole plant and cellular levels.	the sharka disease caused by the potyvirus plum pox virus (ppv) is one of the most serious viral diseases affecting stone fruit trees. the study of ppv/prunus interaction under greenhouse controlled conditions is space, time, labor consuming. while the ppv/prunus interactions are now quite well known at the whole plant level, few data however are available on the interactions between the virus and the prunus host plants at the cellular level. using a green fluorescent protein (gfp)-tagged m type ...	2005	15993953
a multigene phylogenetic study of clonal diversity and divergence in north american strains of the plant pathogen xylella fastidiosa.	xylella fastidiosa is a pathogen that causes leaf scorch and related diseases in over 100 plant species, including pierce's disease in grapevines (pd), phony peach disease (pp), plum leaf scald (pls), and leaf scorch in almond (als), oak (oak), and oleander (ols). we used a high-resolution dna sequence approach to investigate the evolutionary relationships, geographic variation, and divergence times among the x. fastidiosa isolates causing these diseases in north america. using a large data set ...	2005	16000795
[fertility of large fruit-tree tortrix archips podana scop. (lepidoptera: tortricidae) on different edible plants].	we studied pupal weight, total fertility, and potential and actual fertility of imagoes of large fruit-tree tortrix archips podana scop. for caterpillars reared on apple, currant, pear, lilac, and plum plants. pupal weight had no effect on total fertility in the first generation but was reflected in the second generation. the dependence of potential and actual fertility of imago on pupal weight was nonlinear with a trend to optimum within certain limits.	2005	16004289
blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome associated with cortical blindness.	an 83-year-old woman was admitted for investigation of sudden loss of vision. extensive plum-purple papules and nodules involved her skin and lips but not mucosae. a cutaneous biopsy demonstrated irregular vascular cavernous channels in the dermis and subcutis; deeper vessels displayed smooth muscle. blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome was diagnosed. this patient had no gastrointestinal symptoms, no family history of blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome, and only developed cutaneous signs after 60 year ...	2005	16008655
determination of malondialdehyde (mda) by high-performance liquid chromatography in serum and liver as a biomarker for oxidative stress. application to a rat model for hypercholesterolemia and evaluation of the effect of diets rich in phenolic antioxidants from fruits.	a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method to determine malondialdehyde (mda) as the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (dnph) derivative was applied to biological samples (serum and liver homogenates). since mda is considered a presumptive biomarker for lipid peroxidation in live organisms, a model for nutritionally induced oxidative stress (hypercholesterolemic rats) was studied in comparison with normocholesterolemic animals. the effect of diet supplementation with fruits rich in antioxid ...	2005	16009604
[cluster analysis on the temporal dynamics of arthropod community in a plum orchard].	in this paper, twelve investigations were conducted on the structural feature of arthropod community in a plum orchard, and a cluster analysis was made on the temporal dynamics of the community. the total community could be clustered into 5 clusters (d = 0.2000), i.e., that in march, in june, in july, in november, and in other months. the natural enemy and pest-neutral sub-communities could be also clustered into 5 clusters, respectively. for natural enemy sub-community, the clusters (d = 0.2000 ...	2005	16011157
identification of secret agent as the o-glcnac transferase that participates in plum pox virus infection.	serine and threonine of many nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins are posttranslationally modified with o-linked n-acetylglucosamine (o-glcnac). this modification is made by o-linked n-acetylglucosamine transferases (ogts). genetic and biochemical data have demonstrated the existence of two ogts of arabidopsis thaliana, secret agent (sec) and spindly (spy), with at least partly overlapping functions, but there is little information on their target proteins. the n terminus of the capsid protein (cp) ...	2005	16014901
retrospective trends and current status of ethyl carbamate in german stone-fruit spirits.	ethyl carbamate (urethane, c(2)h(5)oconh(2)) is a known genotoxic carcinogen of widespread occurrence in fermented food and beverages with highest concentrations found in stone-fruit spirits. between 1986 and 2004, 631 cherry, plum or mirabelle (yellow plum) spirits were analysed for ethyl carbamate using gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry after extrelut extraction. the ethyl carbamate concentration of the samples ranged between 0.01 mg l(-1) and 18 mg l(-1) (mean 1.4 mg l( ...	2005	16019810
real-time pcr for simultaneous and quantitative detection of quarantine phytoplasmas from apple proliferation (16 srx) group.	a real time pcr assay conjugated with the fluorescent sybr green i dye has been developed for rapid, sensitive and quantitative detection of 'ca. phytoplasma pyri', 'ca. p. prunorum' and 'ca. p. mali', quarantine members of apple proliferation (16 srx) group. the selected primers amplify specifically a target of 217-bp fragment from the 16 sr gene region of the 16 srx group and not from any other tested phytoplasma groups. an artificial template consisting in a plasmid clone of a 1785-bp dna fra ...	2005	16039094
influence of selected fruit tree pollen on life history of euseius stipulatus (acari: phytoseiidae).	euseius stipulatus (athias-henriot) is a predatory mite widespread in the mediterranean region considered to be important for the biological control of spider mites in citrus orchards. development, survival and reproduction of this phytoseiid mite feeding on seven commercially obtained pollen were studied under constant laboratory conditions (20 +/- 1 degrees c, rh 65 +/- 5%, photoperiod 16l: 8d h). mites were kept individually at rearing units with ample quantity of almond (prunus amygdalus bat ...	2005	16082919
loss of diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria correlates with increasing salinity in an estuary system.	ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (aob) play an important role in nitrogen cycling in estuaries, but little is known about aob diversity, distribution and activity in relation to the chemical and physical changes encountered in estuary systems. although estuarine salinity gradients are well recognized to influence microbial community structure, few studies have examined the influence of varying salinity on the diversity and stability of aob populations. to investigate these relationships, we collected ...	2005	16104852
magnetic resonance imaging of the small bowel in crohn's disease.	there may be advantages in using magnetic resonance imaging (mri) in small-bowel disease. the aims of this study were to optimize the mri examination technique and to evaluate the capabilities of mri compared with those of conventional enteroclysis (ce).	2005	16109660
simultaneous release of hydrophobic and cationic solutes from thin-film "plum-pudding" gels: a multifunctional platform for surface drug delivery?	the release of two compositionally different solutes from a composite gel composed of two different populations of microgel particles embedded in a single bulk gel matrix is described, showing the potential of the "plum-pudding gel" as a multifunctional platform for controlled surface release. one hydrophobic solute (pyrene) and one hydrophobic and charged solute (rhodamine 123) were chosen as the solutes to be released. hydrophobic microgels composed of 50% n-isopropylacrylamide (nipam) and 50% ...	2005	16851694
effect of dried plums on colon cancer risk factors in rats.	dried plums (that is, prunes) are a fruit that show promise as a food to lower colon cancer risk, based on their high content of dietary fiber and polyphenolics. in this study, we have examined the effect of diets containing dried plums on the number of colonic precancerous lesions (aberrant crypts, acs), fecal bile acid concentration, and cecal bacterial enzyme activities related to colon cancer risk. rats were fed one of four diets: a basal diet (a modified ain-93g diet), a low-concentration d ...	2005	16351514
[observation on therapeutic effect of plum-blossom needle therapy on peripheral facial neuritis at acute stage].	to compare difference between plum-blossom needle therapy and hormonotherapy in the the treatment group of 32 cases with periphtherapeutic effect on peripheral facial neuritis at acute stage.	2005	16419706
sublethal toxicity of orchard stormwater runoff in sacramento splittail (pogonichthys macrolepidotus) larvae.	the sublethal effects of stormwater runoff from sections of a plum orchard treated with esfenvalerate or diazinon were evaluated in 7-day-old sacramento splittail (pogonichthys macrolepidotus) larvae. fish were exposed to eight runoff samples using the usepa standard static renewal method for 96 h acute toxicity testing, then transferred to clean water for three-month to assess the survival, growth, histopathological abnormalities, and heat stress proteins (hsp). no significant mortality was obs ...	2005	15465130
detection and differentiation of plum pox virus using real-time multiplex pcr with sybr green and melting curve analysis: a rapid method for strain typing.	a real-time multiplex pcr procedure with melting curve analysis, using the green fluorescence dye sybr green i, was developed for rapid and reliable identification of plum pox virus (ppv) isolates of strains d and m. members of the different strains were identified by their distinctive melting temperatures (t(m)s); 84.3-84.43 degrees c for d isolates, and 85.34-86.11 degrees c for m isolates. the associated amplicon sizes were 114 and 380 bp, respectively. the procedure was used for detection an ...	2005	15620404
interaction of amphetamine and its n-alkyl-substituted derivatives with micro- and mesoporous adsorbents in polar liquids.	the process of concentrating amphetamine (1-phenyl-2-propanamine, c6h5ch2ch(nh2)ch3) and its n-alkyl substituted derivatives c6h5ch2ch(nhr)ch3 and c6h5ch2ch(n(ch3)r)ch3 (r=(ch2)(n)ch3 at n=0, 1, 2, and 3) from diluted aqueous solution was investigated using six adsorbents having different textures and chemical compositions. three chemically modified carbon adsorbents prepared from plum stones and routinely used spe cartridges packed with graphitized adsorbents such as hypercarb and envicarb and ...	2005	15589530
evaluation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic kaolin particle films for peach crop, arthropod and disease management.	hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic kaolin particle film treatments to peach (prunus persica (l) batsch) trees were evaluated for crop and pest management capabilities in six studies from 1997 to 2000. unsprayed control and standard treatments, the latter consisting of a commercial pesticide program, were included for comparison. treatments in initial studies were applied via handgun, which resulted in a uniform and heavy deposit of kaolin after the first application. in contrast, treatments in subse ...	2005	15593071
analogues of virus resistance genes map to qtls for resistance to sharka disease in prunus davidiana.	plum pox virus (ppv), the causative agent of sharka disease in prunoideae, is one of the most serious problems affecting stone fruit production in europe and america. resistance to ppv was previously described in a prunus davidiana clone, p1908, and introduced into peach (prunus persica) genotypes. genetic resistance to ppv displays a complex pattern of quantitative inheritance. an analysis of quantitative trait loci (qtls) for resistance was performed on an f1 interspecific peach population obt ...	2005	15666162
cutaneous tumors as the initial presentation of non-t, non-b, nonmyeloid cd4+ cd56+ hematolymphoid malignancy in an adolescent boy.	we describe a 14-year-old hispanic boy who presented with a 2-month history of enlarging plum-colored cutaneous tumors on his face, trunk, and proximal extremities. histopathologic examination showed nodular infiltrates of malignant mononuclear cells extending from the superficial dermis to the deep subcutis. immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy specimen and flow cytometry studies on a bone marrow aspirate revealed a cd4+, cd56+ hematolymphoid tumor that was negative for all other myeloid ...	2005	15660891
linkage map positions and allelic diversity of two mal d 3 (non-specific lipid transfer protein) genes in the cultivated apple (malus domestica).	non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsltps) of rosaceae fruits, such as peach, apricot, cherry, plum and apple, represent major allergens for mediterranean atopic populations. as a first step in elucidating the genetics of nsltps, we directed the research reported here towards identifying the number and location of nsltp (mal d 3) genes in the apple genome and determining their allelic diversity. pcr cloning was initially performed on two cultivars, prima and fiesta, parents of a core apple ma ...	2005	15647923
a single amino acid mutation in the plum pox virus helper component-proteinase gene abolishes both synergistic and rna silencing suppression activities.	abstract the effects on symptom expression of single amino acid mutations in the central region of the plum pox virus (ppv) helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) gene were analyzed in nicotiana benthamiana using potato virus x (pvx) recombinant viruses. pvx recombinant virus expressing the wild-type variant of ppv hc-pro induced the expected enhancement of pvx pathogenicity, manifested as necrosis and plant death. recombinant virus expressing a variant of ppv hc-pro containing a single point muta ...	2005	18944411
characterization of apricot pseudo-chlorotic leaf spot virus, a novel trichovirus isolated from stone fruit trees.	abstract a trichovirus closely related to apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (aclsv) was detected in symptomatic apricot and japanese plum from italy. the sus2 isolate of this agent cross-reacted with anti-aclsv polyclonal reagents but was not detected by broad-specificity anti- aclsv monoclonal antibodies. it had particles with typical trichovirus morphology but, contrary to aclsv, was unable to infect chenopodium quinoa and c. amaranticolor. the sequence of its genome (7,494 nucleotides [nt], mis ...	2005	18943045
[geostatistics analysis on spatial patterns of myzus persicae and erigonidium graminicola in plum orchard].	investigations on the spatial construction and distribution of myzus persicae and erigonidium graminicola in a plum orchard were conducted from march 2003 to november 2003. the results indicated that the semivariogram of myzus persicae could be described by spherical model, except on june 27 and november 22, which should be described by lined model, and that of erigonidium graminicola could be described by spherical model, except on may 21, may 31, october 19 and november 22, which should be des ...	2005	16252873
genetic analysis of the function of the plum pox virus ci rna helicase in virus movement.	the ci protein forms the cylindrical inclusions typical of potyviral infections and is involved in genome replication and virus movement. in this work, we have analyzed the effect of a series of point mutations at the n-terminal region of the ci protein of plum pox virus (ppv) on the enzymatic activities and the self-interaction ability of the protein, and on virus replication and movement. dd3,4aa mutation, which had no apparent effects on atpase and rna helicase activities in vitro, and on vir ...	2006	16256236
[comparison of the efficiency of polygalacturonase and beta-glucosidase enzyme preparations in stabilization of cherry plum wine material].	pektofoetidin and pectinex, enzyme preparations with the highest polygalacturonase and beta-glucosidase activities, were covalently immobilized on deae cellulose and aminosilochromes 10 and 30. after treatment of cherry plum wine material with the soluble and immobilized enzyme preparations, the content of phenolics increased by 26 and 40%, respectively. the increase was accompanied by a decrease in the protein content (by up to 37%), carbohydrate content (by 17% on the average), and antioxidant ...	2006	17168299
the lipid transfer proteins (ltp) essentially concentrate in the skin of rosaceae fruits as cell surface exposed allergens.	the localization and distribution of non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsltp) allergens in the skin and pulp of rosaceae fruits (apple, peach, apricot, plum) has been investigated. nsltp essentially concentrate in the pericarp of the fruits whereas the pulp contains lower amounts of allergens. immunolocalization showed they are primarily located in the cytosol but are subsequently excreted and finally accumulate at the plasmalemma-cell wall interface and in the cell wall. however, high discr ...	2006	17064926
distribution of cryptococcus gattii and cryptococcus neoformans in decayed trunk wood of syzygium cumini trees in north-western india.	the aim of this study is to report the regional distribution of cryptococcus. gattii and cryptococcus. neoformans in decayed wood inside trunk hollows of syzygium cumini trees (java plum, indian black berry) investigated in amritsar (panjab), meerut cantt. and bulandshahr (uttar pradesh) and delhi, in north-western india. two hundred and seventeen wood samples collected from 74 s. cumini trees were investigated. this includes 7 known positive s. cumini trees in delhi subjected to a mycological s ...	2006	17071556
treatment of the localized neurodermatitis by plum-blossom needle tapping and with the modified yangxue dingfeng tang--a clinical observation of 47 cases.	to observe the therapeutic effects of plum-blossom needle tapping combined with the modified yangxue dingfeng tang (a decoction for nourishing the blood and expelling wind) for the localized neurodermatitis.	2006	17078443
cloning and characterization of a cowpea seed lipid transfer protein cdna: expression analysis during seed development and under fungal and cold stresses in seedlings' tissues.	lipid transfer proteins (ltps) are antimicrobial peptides (amps) involved in the defense of plants against pathogens. our group has previously characterized and purified a ltp from cowpea (vigna unguiculata (l.) walp.) seeds which caused the inhibition of growth of fungal pathogens in vitro. the aim of this work was to obtain the cdna encoding the cowpea ltp and after cloning, to use the cdna as a probe for studying its expression profile during the development of cowpea seeds. in this work, the ...	2006	17084637
transfection of arabidopsis protoplasts with a plum pox virus (ppv) infectious clone for studying early molecular events associated with ppv infection.	the development of novel strategies against plant viral diseases relies on a better understanding of molecular virus-host interactions. here, we report an easy, efficient and reproducible protocol for arabidopsis protoplast isolation and transfection to study the infection and replication of a potyvirus, plum pox virus (ppv). macerozyme and cellulose were used to release protoplasts from arabidopsis leaf tissues, and polyethylene glycol-mediated dna uptake was employed for transfection of a ppv ...	2006	16777241
detection of 6k1 as a mature protein of 6 kda in plum pox virus-infected nicotiana benthamiana.	the rna genome of plum pox virus (ppv) encodes one large polyprotein that is subsequently cleaved into mature viral proteins. one of the products of proteolytic processing, the 6k1 protein, has not yet been identified in vivo for any member of the genus potyvirus. in this study, 6k1-specific polyclonal antiserum was raised against ppv 6k1 expressed in escherichia coli as a translational fusion with the n terminus of avian troponin c and an unusual metal-binding cluster of troponin t-1. for detec ...	2006	16847134
use of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the detection of plum pox virus.	a one step, accelerated reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) procedure was developed for the detection of plum pox virus (ppv). the six primers required for accelerated rt-lamp were designed using a conserved region in the c-terminus of the coat protein coding region of ppv. rt-lamp was used to detect isolates of five strains of ppv including the strains d, m, ea, c, and w. the virus was detected reliably in both infected herbaceous and woody hosts. rt-lamp was ...	2006	17011051
mapping of two o-glcnac modification sites in the capsid protein of the potyvirus plum pox virus.	a large number of o-linked n-acetylglucosamine (o-glcnac) residues have been mapped in vertebrate proteins, however targets of o-glcnacylation in plants still have not been characterized. we show here that o-glcnacylation of the n-terminal region of the capsid protein of plum pox virus resembles that of animal proteins in introducing o-glcnac monomers. thr-19 and thr-24 were specifically o-glcnacylated. these residues are surrounded by amino acids typical of animal o-glcnac acceptor sites, sugge ...	2006	17014851
salicylic acid-mediated and rna-silencing defense mechanisms cooperate in the restriction of systemic spread of plum pox virus in tobacco.	plum pox virus (ppv) is able to replicate in inoculated leaves of nicotiana tabacum, but is defective in systemic movement in this host. however, ppv produces a systemic infection in transgenic tobacco expressing the silencing suppressor p1/hc-pro from tobacco etch virus (tev). in this work we show that ppv is able to move to upper non-inoculated leaves of tobacco plants expressing bacterial salicylate hydroxylase (nahg) that degrades salicylic acid (sa). replication and accumulation of ppv is h ...	2006	17018032
secret agent, an arabidopsis thaliana o-glcnac transferase, modifies the plum pox virus capsid protein.	the capsid protein of plum pox virus (ppv-cp) is modified with o-linked glcnac (o-glcnac). while arabidopsis has two o-glcnac transferases, secret agent (sec) and spindly (spy), previous work suggests that sec modifies ppv-cp and that the modification plays a role in the infection process. here, we show that when co-expressed in escherichia coli sec modifies ppv-cp. deletion mapping and site-directed mutagenesis identified three threonine and a serine located near the n-terminus of ppv-cp that a ...	2006	17027982
production of plum pox virus hc-pro functionally active for aphid transmission in a transient-expression system.	potyviruses are non-persistently transmitted by aphid vectors with the assistance of a viral accessory factor known as helper component (hc-pro), a multifunctional protein that is also involved in many other essential processes during the virus infection cycle. a transient agrobacterium-mediated expression system was used to produce plum pox virus (ppv) hc-pro in nicotiana benthamiana leaves from constructs that incorporated the 5' region of the genome, yielding high levels of hc-pro in agroinfi ...	2006	17030878
the apoplastic antioxidant system in prunus: response to long-term plum pox virus infection.	this work describes, for the first time, the changes taking place in the antioxidative system of the leaf apoplast in response to plum pox virus (ppv) in different prunus species showing different susceptibilities to ppv. the presence of p-hydroxymercuribenzoic acid (phmb)-sensitive ascorbate peroxidase (apx) (class i apx) and phmb-insensitive apx (class iii apx), superoxide dismutase (sod), peroxidase (pox), nadh-pox, and polyphenoloxidase (ppo) was described in the apoplast from both peach and ...	2006	17043083
identification and introduction of some iran pollinator bees of colletidae, halictidae, and megachilidae (hym: apoidea).	insufficient pollination results in less yield and low quality of crops. many vegetables depend on the cross pollination to produce valuable seeds or fruits. most flowering plants, fruit and seed formation are highly dependent on the activity of pollinator bees and in some crop such as alfalfa no seeds will form in the absence of bees. the most important crops of iran from stone fruits (peach, almond, plum, cherry and apricot), pome fruits (apple, pear and quince), alfalfa, clover, sunflower, et ...	2006	17385532
rapid determination of the main organic acid composition of raw japanese apricot fruit juices using near-infrared spectroscopy.	the potential of near-infrared (nir) spectroscopy to rapidly determine citric and malic acid contents of raw japanese apricot (japanese "ume", also known as the japanese plum) fruit juice was investigated. in total, 314 raw juice samples with different organic acid compositions were collected over a long growth period, and spectra (1100-1850 nm) of these samples were acquired using an nir spectrophotometer with a 1-mm path length. calibrations were performed using a partial least-squares regress ...	2006	17177483
sources of antioxidant activity in australian native fruits. identification and quantification of anthocyanins.	selected native australian fruits, muntries (kunzea pomifera f. muell., myrtaceae), tasmanian pepper berry (tasmanian lanceolata r. br., winteraceae), illawarra plum (podocarpus elatus r. br. ex endl., podocarpaceae), burdekin plum (pleiogynium timorense dc. leenh, anacardiaceae), cedar bay cherry (eugenia carissoides f. muell., myrtaceae), davidson's plum (davidsonia pruriens f. muell. var. pruriens, davidsoniaceae), and molucca raspberry (rubus moluccanus var. austropacificus van royen, rosace ...	2006	17177507
prune extract (prunus domestica l.) suppresses the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of human colon carcinoma caco-2.	prunes are the dried fruits of certain cultivars of prunus domestica l., and are recognized as a health food. the separated ethanol fraction from concentrated prune juice by diaion hp-20 (pe) was investigated for cytotoxic effects on two different cancer cell lines in vitro. pe dose-dependently reduced the viable cell number of caco-2, kato iii, but does not reduce the viable cell number of human normal colon fibroblast cells (ccd-18co) used as a normal cell model. pe treatment for 24 h led to a ...	2006	17190111
use of residue profile analysis to identify modes of insecticide activity contributing to control of plum curculio in apples.	residue profile analysis techniques were developed, along with laboratory and field-based bioassays to describe the modes of insecticidal activity responsible for the control of the plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst), in apples (malus spp.). adult plum curculios were treated in laboratory topical bioassays to determine acute contact activity and lethal time for five insecticides. azinphosmethyl had the highest levels of toxicity and shortest lethal time values, followed by the neonic ...	2006	17195673
laboratory evaluation of flight performance of the plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae).	flight performance of laboratory-reared adults of the plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst) (coleoptera: curculionidae), was investigated under controlled conditions by using a flight mill system. across all insects tested (n=198), median values of total distance traveled, total flight time, and maximum uninterrupted flight time were 122.7 m day(-1), 23.5 min day(-1), and 2.0 min, respectively. the latter result indicates that flight occurred primarily in short bursts. although females ...	2006	17195674
interference between d and m types of plum pox virus in japanese plum assessed by specific monoclonal antibodies and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.	abstract the dynamics of virus interference between two isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) belonging to the main ppv types, d and m, were analyzed in japanese plum (prunus salicina) by challenge inoculations. to assess the consequences of a ppv-m infection on plum already infected with ppv-d, and vice versa (predominance of one of the strains, recombination, synergism, symptoms aggravation, and so on), 30 japanese plum trees were graft inoculated with ppv-d or ppv-m isolates in quarantine conditio ...	2006	18944448
identifying risk factors for european stone fruit yellows from a survey.	abstract european stone fruit yellows (esfy) is becoming a major economic problem for prunus growers in europe. the causal agent ("candidatus phytoplasma prunorum") and its vector (cacopsylla pruni) have been identified, but the present knowledge of the risk factors for this disease relies, at best, on specific experiments. to assess the relative significance of several factors correlated with esfy incidence in the field, an exhaustive survey was performed on apricot and japanese plum orchards i ...	2006	18943755
questions location of plum island facility.		2006	16426161
blackberry (rubus spp.): a ph-dependent oral contrast medium for gastrointestinal tract images by magnetic resonance imaging.	in this study, seven fruits have been tested on their magnetic properties, paramagnetic metal content and contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of phantom and in vivo. magnetic susceptibility was determined for the fruit pulps, as well as the contents of paramagnetic metals; iron, manganese and copper. the total content of these metals was 4.3, 8.6, 11.1, 10.9, 12.3, 8.3 and 29.3 mg/kg of fruit for plum, blueberry, apple (red), pineapple, beet, grape, blackberry, respectively, ...	2006	16455409
peacock or plum? reflections on academic research career pathways.	purpose of the paper: this paper critically deconstructs academic career pathways in research and explores possible future directions.	2006	16458998
distinct viral populations differentiate and evolve independently in a single perennial host plant.	the complex structure of virus populations has been the object of intensive study in bacteria, animals, and plants for over a decade. while it is clear that tremendous genetic diversity is rapidly generated during viral replication, the distribution of this diversity within a single host remains an obscure area in this field of science. among animal viruses, only human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis c virus populations have recently been thoroughly investigated at an intrahost level, where ...	2006	16474141
microrna-guided processing impairs plum pox virus replication, but the virus readily evolves to escape this silencing mechanism.	since the discovery of microrna (mirna)-guided processing, a new type of rna silencing, the possibility that such a mechanism could play a role in virus defense has been proposed. in this work, we have analyzed whether plum pox virus (ppv) chimeras bearing mirna target sequences (mir171, mir167, and mir159), which have been reported to be functional in arabidopsis, were affected by mirna function in three different host plants. some of these ppv chimeras had clearly impaired infectivity compared ...	2006	16474149
gamma-irradiated dry fruits. an example of a wide variety of long-time dependent epr spectra.	epr spectra of dry, sugar containing fruits--raisins, sultanas, figs, dates, peaches, blue plums and chokeberry recorded before and after irradiation with gamma-rays, are reported. it is shown that weak singlet epr line with 2.0031+/-0.0005 can be recorded before irradiation of seeds, stones or skin of chokeberry, figs and raisins as well as flesh of blue plum, raisins and peaches. epr signals of various shape are distinguished after irradiation in different parts of the fruits, as well as in ra ...	2006	16497546
ppv long-distance movement is occasionally permitted in resistant apricot hosts.	the interactions between plum pox virus (ppv), a member of the potyvirus genus, and prunus host plants are, up to now, poorly understood. in the current paper, fluorescence stereomicroscopy, in situ hybridisation and immunogold detection were performed in order to evaluate the virus transport and cellular distribution. the behavior of ppv in several susceptible (cv. "moniqui" and "screara") and resistant apricot genotypes (cv. "harlayne", "henderson", "harcot", "goldrich", "stella" and "stark ea ...	2006	16504333
calibration of sap flow estimated by the compensation heat pulse method in olive, plum and orange trees: relationships with xylem anatomy.	the compensation heat pulse method is widely used to estimate sap flow in conducting organs of woody plants. being an invasive technique, calibration is crucial to derive correction factors for accurately estimating the sap flow value from the measured heat pulse velocity. we compared the results of excision and perfusion calibration experiments made with mature olive (olea europaea l. 'manzanilla de sevilla'), plum (prunus domestica l. 'songal') and orange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck. 'cadener ...	2006	16510387
usefulness of diurnal trunk shrinkage as a water stress indicator in plum trees.	we compared seasonal changes in maximum diurnal trunk shrinkage (mds) with seasonal changes in midday stem water potential (psi(s)) over three years in plum trees grown in differing drip-irrigated regimes. in well-irrigated trees, day-to-day variations in psi(s) and mds were related to evaporative demand. reference equations were obtained to predict mds and psi(s) values for well-irrigated trees as functions of environmental conditions. a decrease in plant water status toward the end of the grow ...	2006	16356902
flower fertilization and fruit development prompt changes in free polyamines and ethylene in damson plum (prunus insititia l.).	the flower opening of damson plum (prunus insititia l.) was accompanied by an increase in the content of free-polyamines (pa) in the sepals, petals and sex organs, the ovary being most active in accumulating spermine (spm). the fertilization process and senescence brought on a decline in ovarian spm, but stimulated putrescine (put) and spermidine (spd) content in the sepals. the endocarp of this climacteric fruit produced only ethylene at the end of the s1 phase and throughout s2, in which there ...	2006	16360807
characterization and partial genome sequence of stocky prune virus, a new member of the genus cheravirus.	characterization of a seemingly new spherical virus isolated from severely affected plum trees in south-western france indicated that its divided genome is composed of two single-stranded, polyadenylated rnas of approximately 7.4 and 3.7 kb. its particles are composed of three coat protein subunits of approximately 23, 23.5, and 24.5 kda. partial sequencing of the genomic rnas indicated that this new virus, tentatively named stocky prune virus (stpv), is distantly related to the two sequenced ch ...	2006	16380812
the complete genome sequence of an el amar isolate of plum pox virus (ppv) and its phylogenetic relationship to other ppv strains.	the genomic sequence of an el amar isolate of plum pox virus (ppv) from egypt was determined by sequencing overlapping cdna fragments. this is the first complete sequence of a member of the el amar (ea) strain of ppv. the genome consists of 9791 nt, excluding a poly(a) tail at the 3' terminus. the complete nt sequence of ppv ea is 79-80%, 80%, 77%, and 77% homologous with isolates of strains d/m, rec (bor3), c, and w, respectively. the polyprotein identity ranged from 87-91%. phylogenetic analys ...	2006	16397750
pesticides and metabolites in cassava, eucalyptus, plum and cashew leaves and roots in relation to a point source in kibaha, tanzania.	leaves of eucalyptus sp., prunus domestica (plum), and anacardium occidentale (cashew), as well as roots and leaves of manihot esculenta (cassava) were used to study the local distribution of pesticides and metabolites from a point source, an old storage site at vikuge farm in tanzania. the gpc-cleaned extracts were analyzed by gc-ecd and gc/ms. eleven organochlorine pesticide residues namely pentachloroanisole, p,p'-ddt, o,p'-ddt, p,p'-dde, o,p'-dde, p,p'-ddd, o,p'-ddd, alpha-hch, beta-hch, del ...	2006	16403548
inhibitory effects of fruit juices on cyp3a activity.	there have been very limited reports on the effects of commercial fruit juices on human cyp3a activity. therefore, the inhibitory effects of readily available commercial fruit juices on midazolam 1'-hydroxylase activity, a marker of cyp3a, were evaluated in pooled human liver microsomes. the fruit juices investigated were black raspberry, black mulberry, plum, and wild grape. white grapefruit, pomegranate, and orange juice were used as positive and negative controls. the black mulberry juice sho ...	2006	16415112
use of dried high-phenolic laden host leaves for virus and viroid preservation and detection by pcr methods.	the efficiency of rna extraction for apricot latent virus (aplv), plum bark necrosis stem pitting associated virus (pbnspav), prunus necrotic ring spot virus (pnrsv), potato virus y (pvy), and apple scar skin viroid (assvd) from infected hosts is of great importance for molecular diagnosis by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a method is described for drying tissue to overcome phenolic inhibitors of viral rna. this study showed that the infected host leaves, dried at 65 degrees c for 2 days a ...	2006	16879877
[total calvarial reconstruction for sagittal synostosis].	to study the technique of total calvaria reconstruction for sagittal synostosis.	2006	16883885
dried plum prevents bone loss in a male osteoporosis model via igf-i and the rank pathway.	previously, dietary supplementation with dried plums, a rich source of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been shown to improve bone density, microstructure and biomechanics in female animal models of osteopenia. we designed this study to determine the extent to which dried plum prevents skeletal deterioration in gonadal hormone deficient male animals and to begin to understand its mechanism of action. sixty 6-month-old male sprague-dawley rats were eit ...	2006	16890505
characterization of the recombinant forms arising from a potato virus x chimeric virus infection under rna silencing pressure.	recombination is a frequent phenomenon in rna viruses whose net result is largely influenced by selective pressures. rna silencing in plants acts as a defense mechanism against viruses and can be used to engineer virus resistance. here, we have investigated the influence of rna silencing as a selective pressure to favor recombinants of pvx-hct, a chimeric potato virus x (pvx) vector carrying the helper-component proteinase (hc-pro) gene from plum pox virus (ppv). all the plants from two lines ex ...	2006	16903356
analysis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfual in coffee, dried fruits and urine.	5-hydroxymethylfurfural has become a substance of interest since recent results showed a possible carcinogenic potential in consequence of a metabolic activation by sulfotransferases. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is formed either by acid catalysed degradation of reducing sugars or via the maillard reaction. this work provides an overview of foods potentially containing high amounts of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. it comprises dried fruits with a high sugar content that were exposed to heat for a long tim ...	2006	16917810
novel "plum pudding" gels as potential drug-eluting stent coatings: controlled release of fluvastatin.	this study evaluated novel structural motifs known as "plum pudding" gels as potential drug-eluting stent coatings. controlled delivery of a hmg-coa reductase inhibitor (statin) from the intravascular stent surface represents a potential therapeutic modality for prevention of in-stent restenosis (isr). in this study, gels were comprised of fluvastatin-loaded thermoresponsive microgel particles containing the relatively hydrophilic n-isopropylacrylamide (nipaam), mixed with the more hydrophobic n ...	2006	16941598
monocytic/macrophagic pneumonitis after intrabronchial deposition of vascular endothelial growth factor in neonatal lambs.	preterm and young neonates are prone to inadequate surfactant production and are susceptible to respiratory distress syndrome characterized by alveolar damage and hyaline-membrane formation. glucocorticoid therapy is commonly used in preterm and young infants to enhance lung maturation and surfactant synthesis. recently, vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) was suggested to be a novel therapeutic agent for lung maturation that lacked adverse effects in mice. the purpose of this study was to ...	2006	16966446
phenolic acids in berries, fruits, and beverages.	the contents of soluble and total phenolic acids were analyzed in samples of 29 berries and berry products, 24 fruits and fruit peels, and 12 beverages. variation of phenolic acids in berries was also studied. soluble phenolic acids were extracted with methanolic acetic acid, and a tentative quantification was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the total phenolic acid content was determined by hplc after alkaline and acid hydrolyses. the content of total phenolic acids a ...	2006	16968082
rna silencing suppression by a second copy of the p1 serine protease of cucumber vein yellowing ipomovirus, a member of the family potyviridae that lacks the cysteine protease hcpro.	the p1 protein of viruses of the family potyviridae is a serine proteinase, which is highly variable in length and sequence, and its role in the virus infection cycle is not clear. one of the proposed activities of p1 is to assist hcpro, the product that viruses of the genus potyvirus use to counteract antiviral defense mediated by rna silencing. indeed, an hcpro-coding region is present in all the genomes of members of the genera potyvirus, rymovirus, and tritimovirus that have been sequenced. ...	2006	17005683
the cover. branche de prunier, fond vert (plum blossoms, green background).		2006	16537726
plum pox virus induces differential gene expression in the partially resistant stone fruit tree prunus armeniaca cv. goldrich.	we investigated the changes in the expression profiles of the partially resistant apricot (prunus armeniaca l.) cultivar goldrich following inoculation with plum pox virus (ppv) using cdna-amplification fragment length polymorphism (aflp). altered expression patterns were detected and twenty-one differentially expressed cdna had homologies with genes in databases coding for proteins involved in metabolism, signal transduction, defense, stress and intra/intercellular connections. seven of the mod ...	2006	16564142
identification of a plum pox virus ci-interacting protein from chloroplast that has a negative effect in virus infection.	the cylindrical inclusion (ci) protein of potyviruses is involved in virus replication and cell-to-cell movement. these two processes should rely on multiple plant-virus interactions; however, little is known about the host factors that are involved in, or that may interfere with, ci functions. by using a yeast two-hybrid system, the ci protein from plum pox virus (ppv) was found to interact with the photosystem i psi-k protein, the product of the gene psak, of nicotiana benthamiana. coexpressio ...	2006	16570664
asian prunus viruses: new related members of the family flexiviridae in prunus germplasm of asian origin.	serological reactivity to plum pox virus (ppv) antisera has been described in several prunus sources of asian origin that are free of ppv infection. using polyvalent or specific pcr assays, the presence of three closely related agents in two of these sources, prunus mume cv. bungo and p. persica cv. ku chu'a hung, was demonstrated. similarities in genome organization and sequence comparisons indicate that these agents should be regarded as members of the genus foveavirus, their only singular tra ...	2006	16621102
chronic lymphocytic leukaemia skin infiltrates affecting prominent parts of the face and the scalp.	chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (cll) infiltrating the skin is uncommon and can present in different forms. we report a case of cll infiltrating the prominent parts of the face and the scalp. a 63-year-old male with a 10-year history of cll presented with plum-coloured swelling of the skin of the ears, eyebrows, tip of the nose and the scalp. histopathology showed dense sheets of lymphoid infiltrate of the dermis which stained positive with b-cell markers cd20 and cd5 in keeping with the infiltrat ...	2006	16634906
multiple resistance traits control plum pox virus infection in arabidopsis thaliana.	twelve arabidopsis accessions were challenged with plum pox potyvirus (ppv) isolates representative of the four ppv strains. each accession supported local and systemic infection by at least some of the ppv isolates, but high variability was observed in the behavior of the five ppv isolates or the 12 arabidopsis accessions. resistance to local infection or long-distance movement occurred in about 40% of all the accession-isolate combinations analyzed. except for nd-1, all accessions showed resis ...	2006	16673941
the complete nucleotide sequence of the plum pox virus el amar isolate.		2006	16732422
dna microarraying on compact disc surfaces. application to the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in plum pox virus.	the potential of using compact discs as high throughput screening platforms for dna microarraying is discussed and applied to discriminate genetic variations of plum pox virus.	2006	16733582
[observation on therapeutic effect of blood-letting therapy on apoplectic hemiplegia numbness syndrome].	to observe therapeutic effect of blood-letting therapy on apoplectic hemiplegia numbness syndrome and search for clinically effective therapy.	2006	16739847
strain variability in the dna immigration control region (icr) of xylella fastidiosa.	the genome of the bacterium xylella fastidiosa contains four orfs (xf2721, xf2725, xf2739 and xf0295) related to the restriction modification type i system, ordinarily named r-m. this system belongs to the dna immigration control region (icr). each orf is related to different operon structures, which are homologues among themselves and with subunit hsd r from the endonuclease coding genes. in addition, these orfs are highly homologous to genes in pseudomonas aeruginosa, methylococcus capsulatus ...	2006	16125907
real-time rt-pcr and sybr green i melting curve analysis for the identification of plum pox virus strains c, ea, and w: effect of amplicon size, melt rate, and dye translocation.	real-time rt-pcr and sybr green i melt curve analysis of a 74 bp amplicon enabled identification of plum pox virus strains c, ea, and w, with distinct t(m)'s associated with each strain. this test is a useful supplement to a real-time rt-pcr test described earlier that was used to distinguish ppv strains d and m. a longer fragment of 155 bp was not effective for strain identification. a simplified one-tube protocol, with dithiothreitol eliminated from the reaction, showed similar sensitivity whe ...	2006	16293321
identification and urinary excretion of metabolites of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural in human subjects following consumption of dried plums or dried plum juice.	5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural (i) is a major breakdown product occurring in solutions with high concentrations of fructose and glucose and is present in many fruit juices, in heat-sterilized parenteral solutions, and in baby cereals. the objective of this study was to characterize and identify 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural metabolites in human subjects following the consumption of dried plum juice and/or dried plums. subjects were fasted overnight and blood and urine samples were obtained during t ...	2006	19127754
self-compatible peach (prunus persica) has mutant versions of the s haplotypes found in self-incompatible prunus species.	this study demonstrates that self-compatible (sc) peach has mutant versions of s haplotypes that are present in self-incompatible (si) prunus species. all three peach s haplotypes, s (1), s (2), and s (2m), found in this study encode mutated pollen determinants, sfb, while only s (2m) has a mutation that affects the function of the pistil determinant s-rnase. a cysteine residue in the c5 domain of the s (2m)-rnase is substituted by a tyrosine residue, thereby reducing rnase stability. the peach ...	2007	17006593
phylogenetic relationships of xylella fastidiosa strains isolated from landscape ornamentals in southern california.	abstract xylella fastidiosa is an insect-borne, xylem-limited pathogenic bacterium that has been associated with a rise in incidence of diseased landscape ornamentals in southern california. the objective of this study was to genetically characterize strains isolated from ornamental hosts to understand their distribution and identity. strains of x. fastidiosa isolated from ornamentals were characterized using a multiprimer polymerase chain reaction (pcr) system, random amplified polymorphic dna ...	2007	18943935
no recombination detected in artificial potyvirus mixed infections and between potyvirus derived transgenes and heterologous challenging potyviruses.	risk-assessment studies of virus-resistant transgenic plants (vrtps) focussing on recombination of a plant virus with a transgenic sequence of a different virus should include a comparison of recombination frequencies between viruses in double-infected non-transgenic plants with those observed in singly infected transgenic plants to estimate recombination incidence in vrtps. in this study, the occurrence of recombination events was investigated in non-transgenic plants double-infected with two d ...	2007	18001687
chain of demand. a host of former triad execs are landing plum jobs in the wake of company's sale to community--who's next in line?	community health system's $6.97 billion acquisition of competitor triad hospitals this past summer left many former triad executives wealthy but out of work. some are enjoying a respite while others are being plucked up by chs competitors. by letting so many triad executives go, according to management guru tim vogus, right, chs sent a clear message that its newly acquired business will be run its way.	2007	18020042
gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric characterisation of plant gums in samples from painted works of art.	this paper presents an analytical gc-ms procedure to study the chemical composition of plant gums, determining aldoses and uronic acids in one step. the procedure is based on the silylation of aldoses and uronic acids, released from plant gums by microwave assisted hydrolysis, and previously converted into the corresponding diethyl-dithioacetals and diethyl-dithioacetal lactones. using this method only one peak for each compound is obtained, thus providing simple and highly reproducible chromato ...	2007	18023451
isolation and characterization of four ethylene signal transduction elements in plums (prunus salicina l.).	plums are climacteric fruits: their ripening is associated with a burst of ethylene production and respiration rate. stone fruits, including plum, have a distinct pattern of growth and development, described as a double sigmoid pattern. in order to understand the developmental control of ethylene perception in plum, four ethylene perception and signal transduction components (epstcs) were characterized, including two etr1-like proteins (ps-etr1 and ps-ers1), a ctr1-like protein, and an ethylene- ...	2007	18057041
novel lipophilic tracking dyes for monitoring cell proliferation.	the advent of contemporary digital instrumentation has enhanced both the potential and the complexity of flow cytometric experiments, allowing for the detailed dissection of immune cell subsets and their functions. the use of cell tracking labels such as pkh26 and cfse has been important in observing such cellular functions, but their visible emission characteristics have limited the design of such analyses. as the demand for multiparametric flow cytometry intensifies, it will become increasingl ...	2007	18161533
stony endocarp dimension and shape variation in prunus section prunus.	identification of prunus groups at subspecies or variety level is complicated by the wide range of variation and morphological transitional states. knowledge of the degree of variability within and between species is a sine qua non for taxonomists. here, a detailed study of endocarp dimension and shape variation for taxa of prunus section prunus is presented.	2007	17965026
susceptibility of fruit from diverse apple and crabapple germplasm to attack by plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae).	plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst) (coleoptera: curculionidae), is an important apple, malus domestica borkh., pest that significantly hinders sustainable apple production in eastern north america. the potential for host plant resistance to plum curculio among apple germplasm has never been rigorously evaluated. thus, studies were conducted to assess the susceptibility of a number of exotic and domestic malus accessions housed at the usda plant genetic resources unit (pgru) "core" co ...	2007	17972646
[biological effect of electrical plum-blossom needle for treatment of juvenile myopia].	to observe therapeutic effect of electrical plum-blossom needle for treatment of juvenile myopia and biological effect on ocular tissue and structures.	2007	18257345
botryosphaeriaceae as potential pathogens of prunus species in south africa, with descriptions of diplodia africana and lasiodiplodia plurivora sp. nov.	botryosphaeriaceae are common dieback and canker pathogens of woody host plants, including stone fruit trees. in the present study the diversity of members of the botryosphaeriaceae isolated from symptomatic wood of prunus species (plum, peach, nectarine and apricot) was determined in stone fruit-growing areas in south africa. morphological and cultural characteristics as well as dna sequence data (5.8s rdna, its-1, its-2 and ef-1a) were used to identify known members and describe novel members ...	2007	18268901
[cranial vault reconstruction of plagiocephaly].	treatments of unilateral lambdoid synostosis and unilateral coronal synostosis.	2007	18269014
optimization of a full-scale dewatering operation based on the rheological characteristics of wastewater sludge.	rheology is the science that deals with the flow and deformation of materials, and it has become an important tool in optimizing sludge dewatering. this study presents torque rheology data to illustrate two different methods for polymer optimization. the methods can be used to optimize the polymer dose and mixing intensity, as well as to select the best performing product among a number of candidate polymers. the first method is used for unconditioned sludges, and utilizes the peaks observed aft ...	2007	17303208