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identification of immunogenic polypeptides from a mycoplasma hyopneumoniae genome library by phage display.the identification of immunogenic polypeptides of pathogens is helpful for the development of diagnostic assays and therapeutic applications like vaccines. routinely, these proteins are identified by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot using convalescent serum, followed by mass spectrometry. this technology, however, is limited, because low or differentially expressed proteins, e.g. dependent on pathogen-host interaction, cannot be identified. in this work, we dev ...200818636254
global transcriptional analysis of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae following exposure to norepinephrine.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, a component of the porcine respiratory disease complex, colonizes the respiratory tract of swine by binding to the cilia of the bronchial epithelial cells. mechanisms of pathogenesis are poorly understood for m. hyopneumoniae, but previous work has indicated that it responds to the environmental stressors heat shock, iron deprivation and oxidative compounds. for successful infection, m. hyopneumoniae must effectively resist host responses to the colonization of the resp ...200818757792
b subunit of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin as adjuvant of humoral immune response in recombinant bcg vaccination.the b subunit of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (ltb), a nontoxic molecule with potent biological properties, is a powerful mucosal and parenteral adjuvant that induces a strong immune response against co-administered or coupled antigens. in this paper, the effect of ltb on the humoral immune response to recombinant bcg (rbcg) vaccination was evaluated. isogenic mice were immunized with rbcg expressing the r1 repeat region of the p97 adhesin of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae alone (rbcg/r1) ...200818772930
detection of respiratory pathogens in air samples from acutely infected pigs.pathogens causing significant respiratory disease in growing pigs include porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine circovirus 2, swine influenza virus, porcine respiratory coronavirus, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and bordetella bronchiseptica. the objective of this research was to characterize the respiratory excretion of these pathogens by acutely infected pigs. pigs were inoculated under experimental conditions with 1 pathogen. samples were collected from the upper respirator ...200818783027
verification of chromosomal regions affecting the innate immunity in pigs using linkage mapping.understanding the genetic control of innate immunity in pigswould offerthe opportunity to utilize natural variation and improve selective breeding programmes. as part of our porcine genome scan to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) we examined immune response traits in a duroc x berlin miniature pig resource family (dumi). complement activity via classical (ch50) and alternative (ah50) pathways, antibody response to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mh), tetanus toxoid (tet) and prrs virus (prrsv), ...200818817314
evaluation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins for porcine torque teno virus dnas.to determine whether commercial mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins sold for use in swine contain porcine torque teno virus (ttv).200819046007
associations between pathogens in healthy pigs and pigs with pneumonia.the aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between different pathogens in the development of pneumonia and bronchopneumonia in pigs. samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 100 pigs showing no clinical signs and 239 pigs with clinical signs of respiratory disease were examined for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, mycoplasma hyorhinis, us-type porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (prrsv), eu-type prrsv, porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2), influenza virus type a, alpha-haem ...200818310558
real-time pcr assays to address genetic diversity among strains of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is an important cause of pneumonia in pigs around the world, but confirming its presence in (or absence from) pigs can be difficult. culture for diagnosis is impractical, and seroconversion is often delayed after natural infection, limiting the use of serology. numerous pcr assays for the detection of m. hyopneumoniae have been developed, targeting several different genes. recently, genetic diversity among strains of m. hyopneumoniae was demonstrated. the effect of this ...200818524960
immune response of gnotobiotic piglets against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.in this study, several cytokine responses were investigated during mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) infection using a gnotobiotic infection model. we found that several inflammatory cytokines (il-1beta, il-8, il-18, and tnf-alpha) and an anti-inflammatory cytokine il-10 were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of germ-free (gf) piglets stimulated with heat killed mhp whole antigens, but no ifn-gamma and il-4 were induced by mhp. after the intranasal infection of mhp, il-1beta, i ...200818981662
detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by polymerase chain reaction in swine presenting respiratory problems.since mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolation in appropriate media is a difficult task and impractical for daily routine diagnostics, nested-pcr (n-pcr) techniques are currently used to improve the direct diagnostic sensitivity of swine enzootic pneumonia. in a first experiment, this paper describes a n-pcr technique optimization based on three variables: different sampling sites, sample transport media, and dna extraction methods, using eight pigs. based on the optimization results, a second experim ...200824031248
detection of respiratory pathogens in porcine lung tissue and lavage fluid.the objective of this study was to compare the detection rate of bacterial agents in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf), taken without visual control, to that in affected lung tissue obtained from the same pig at necropsy. balf and affected lung tissue were examined for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae using pcr, and standard cultural methods were used for actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, bordetella bronchiseptica, haemophilus parasuis, pasteurella multocida and streptococcus suis. all pigs with a hist ...200817339121
effect of sow vaccination against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on sow and piglet colonization and seroconversion, and pig lung lesions at slaughter.the objectives of the present study were to compare mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mh) colonization and serologic status on mh vaccinated and non-vaccinated sows and to assess the effect of sow vaccination on colonization and serologic status of their piglets at weaning as well as presence of enzootic pneumonia (ep) lung lesions at slaughter. fifty sows (25 vaccinated and 25 unvaccinated) as well as five of their piglets were included in the study. blood samples and nasal swabs from sows at 7 weeks p ...200817826008
surfactin c inhibits mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-induced transcription of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide production in murine raw 264.7 cells.intact pathogenic mycoplasma hyopneumoniae at 100 microg protein ml(-1) induced transcription of proinflammatory cytokines such as cyclooxygenase (cox)-2, tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha, interleukin(il)-1, il-6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) in raw 264.7 cells. after pretreatment with 50 microg surfactin c/ml, purified from bacillus subtilis, transcription of the cox-2, il-1beta, il-6 and inos genes induced by m. hyopneumoniae was inhibited by 43%, 82%, 72% and 59%, respectively.200817928958
multilocus sequence typing (mlst) of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: a diverse pathogen with limited clonality.a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme was established and evaluated for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the etiologic agent of enzootic pneumonia in swine with the aim of defining strains. putative target genes were selected by genome sequence comparisons. out of 12 housekeeping genes chosen and experimentally validated, the 7 genes efp, metg, pgib, reca, adk, rpob, and tpia were finally used to establish the mlst scheme. their usefulness was assessed individually and in combination using a set o ...200817884308
mhp493 (p216) is a proteolytically processed, cilium and heparin binding protein of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae induces respiratory disease in swine by colonizing cilia causing ciliostasis, cilial loss and epithelial cell death. heparin binds to m. hyopneumoniae cells in a dose-dependent manner and blocks its ability to adhere to porcine cilia. we show here that mhp493 (p216), a paralogue of the cilium adhesin p97 (mhp183), is cleaved between amino acids 1040 and 1089 generating surface-accessible, heparin-binding proteins p120 and p85. antiphosphoserine antibodies recognized p85 ...200919040640
reduced lung lesions in pigs challenged 25 weeks after the administration of a single dose of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine at approximately 1 week of age.two independent studies assessed the duration of immunity of an inactivated adjuvanted mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine against mycoplasmal pneumonia in seronegative (study a, n=52) and seropositive (study b, n=52) pigs. the pigs were allocated randomly to treatment and were then injected with a single dose of either the vaccine or a placebo at approximately 1 week of age. twenty-five weeks after treatment administration, the pigs were challenged with a virulent strain (li 36, strain 232) of m. ...200918554964
current perspectives on the diagnosis and epidemiology of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the principal aetiological agent of enzootic pneumonia (ep), a chronic respiratory disease that affects mainly finishing pigs. although major efforts to control m. hyopneumoniae infection and its detrimental effects have been made, significant economic losses in pig production worldwide due to ep continue. m. hyopneumoniae is typically introduced into pig herds by the purchase of subclinically infected animals or, less frequently, through airborne transmission over sh ...200918396428
the relationship between infectious and non-infectious herd factors with pneumonia at slaughter and productive parameters in fattening pigs.this paper explores the relationship between infectious and non-infectious herd factors with the occurrence of pneumonia at slaughter and productive parameters in fattening pigs on 39 fattening herds. a questionnaire was used to obtain environmental and management factors (non-infectious factors). blood samples and lungs were obtained from 35 pigs in each herd at slaughter. serological testing was performed for antibodies against three respiratory pathogens (infectious factors): porcine reproduc ...200918023215
a peroxiredoxin from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae with a possible role in h2o2 detoxification.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia, which affects pig farms worldwide, causing heavy economic losses. in the infection process, this bacterium is exposed to reactive oxygen species (ros) from its own metabolism or generated by the host as one of the strategies used to neutralize the pathogen. although the presence of classical antioxidant enzymes would be expected in m. hyopneumoniae, important genes directly related to protection against ros, such as s ...200919589831
[construction of the recombinant adenovirus expressing the c-terminal of the mycoplasma hyopneumoniae p97 gene and its immune response].to construct recombinant adenovirus carrying c-terminal of the adhesion factor gene p97 of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) so as to provide basis for further studying new type mhp vaccine.200919621633
effect of immunostimulation by detoxified e. coli lipopolysaccharide combined with inactivated propionibacterium granulosum cells on porcine immunity.the aim of this experiment was to evaluate the immunomodulating activities of inactivated propionibacterium granulosum cell walls and e. coli lipopolysaccharide (pg/lps) on porcine immunity. piglets were intramuscularly administered pg/lps (1 ml/10 kg body weight) once or twice. the function of natural killer cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils and the adjuvant effect on antibody induction by attenuated classical swine fever virus (csfv) and inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination were e ...200919652476
efficient site-directed mutagenesis using an overlap extension-pcr method for expressing mycoplasma hyopneumoniae genes in escherichia coli.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia and results in significant economic losses in swine production worldwide. vaccination is considered to be the most cost-effective strategy for control and prevention of this disease. however, the development of new recombinant subunit vaccines is often hampered by the unusual codon usage of this bacterium. to express m. hyopneumoniae proteins in heterologous systems such as escherichia coli, the tga codons that encode ...200919733599
the tissue compatibility of different mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines is mainly dependent upon their adjuvants.aim of this study was to investigate the tissue compatibility of three differently adjuvated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines. local tissue reactions after an intramuscular injection of 2 ml doses of stellamune mycoplasma (oil-adjuvated; pfizer, karlsruhe, germany) and suvaxyn m.hyo (carbopol-adjuvated; fort dodge, würselen, germany) were examined in suckling and weaned piglets.the different effects of the injection volumes of 1 ml and 2 ml of the vaccine m+pac (aluminium hydroxide- and oil-adj ...200919863005
comparative proteomic analysis of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains from the swine pathogen mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a highly infectious swine pathogen and is the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia (ep). following the previous report of a proteomic survey of the pathogenic 7448 strain of swine pathogen, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, we performed comparative protein profiling of three m. hyopneumoniae strains, namely the non-pathogenic j strain and the two pathogenic strains 7448 and 7422.200920025764
seroprevalence and risk factors associated with seropositivity in sows from 67 herds in north-west germany infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.risk factors for the spread of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in sows have not been studied although vertical transmission from sows to their offspring is considered a significant risk factor in the development of enzootic pneumonia in growers and finishers. seropositivity for m. hyopneumoniae in sows, as assessed by commercial elisa, is a possible indicator of infection pressure among sows. the objective of this study was to estimate seroprevalence and associated risk factors of a sow being seroposit ...200919101052
infection with a low virulent mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolate does not protect piglets against subsequent infection with a highly virulent m. hyopneumoniae isolate.the study aimed to evaluate the effect of an infection with low virulent isolates of m. hyopneumoniae (lv1 and lv2) on the subsequent infection with a highly virulent isolate (hv). fifty-five, 3-week-old piglets free of m. hyopneumoniae were randomly allocated to 6 different groups. at 4 weeks of age (d0), groups lv1-hv and lv1 were intratracheally inoculated with lv1, groups lv2-hv and lv2 with lv2, and group hv with sterile culture medium. four weeks later (d28), the pigs of these different gr ...200919114074
occurrence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in coughing piglets (3-6 weeks of age) from 50 herds with a history of endemic respiratory disease.the objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in the lower respiratory tract of suckling and recently weaned pigs from herds with a history of endemic respiratory disease in this age group. bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was obtained from 500 clinically affected piglets originating from 50 herds (10 piglets per herd). the presence of m. hyopneumoniae was examined by application of a nested polymerase chain reaction. mycoplasama hyopneumoniae was detected i ...200919200299
swine torque teno virus detection in pig commercial vaccines, enzymes for laboratory use and human drugs containing components of porcine origin.torque teno viruses (ttvs) are vertebrate infecting, single-stranded circular dna viruses. two genetically distinct ttv genogroups (ttv1 and ttv2) infect swine worldwide with high prevalence. currently, swine ttvs are considered non-pathogenic, although ttv2 has been linked to post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, a porcine circovirus disease. on the other hand, pig materials are an important source of components used in porcine vaccine manufacturing, human drugs and commercial enzyme pro ...200919218210
development of non-antibiotic-resistant, chromosomally based, constitutive and inducible expression systems for aroa-attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium.live-vaccine delivery systems expressing two model antigens from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, f2(p97) (adh) and nrdf, were constructed using salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium aroa (stm-1), and immunogenicity in mice was evaluated. recombinant plasmid-based expression (pbe) and chromosomally based expression (cbe) systems were constructed. the pbe system was formed by cloning both antigen genes into pjla507 to create an operon downstream of temperature-inducible promoters. constitutive cbe was ...200919223478
in vivo virulence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolates does not correlate with in vitro adhesion assessed by a microtitre plate adherence assay.adherence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to the ciliated epithelial cells of the porcine respiratory tract is considered an important first step in the pathogenesis of enzootic pneumonia. it was the aim of this study to verify the usefulness of in vitro adhesion as a virulence marker.200919228252
proteomic comparative analysis of pathogenic strain 232 and avirulent strain j of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is an important pathogen of pigs causing enzootic pneumonia of swine. the pathogen remains largely enigmatic as far as the host-pathogen interactions are concerned. in the present study, the protein profiles of two strains of m. hyopneumoniae were compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. the results indicate that the major adhesin p97, the 50-kda protein derived from p159 adhesin, and the 43-kda cleavage product of p102 are expressed at much ...200919267678
histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in the lungs of pigs infected experimentally with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.pigs were infected intranasally with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and killed at intervals ranging from 7 to 35 days post-infection (dpi). histopathological changes consisted of (1) exudates in airways and alveolar lumina, (2) peribronchial and peribronchiolar lymphoid hyperplasia, and (3) enlargement of alveolar septa. these changes were particularly marked from 7 to 28dpi, coinciding with significant increases in the expression, detected immunohistochemically, of cytokines (il-1alpha, il-1beta, il- ...200919285314
pig-major acute phase protein and haptoglobin serum concentrations correlate with pcv2 viremia and the clinical course of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome.the aim of the present longitudinal study was to assess the evolution of two acute phase proteins (apps), pig-major acute phase protein (pig-map) and haptoglobin (hpt), in serum from pigs that developed postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in comparison to healthy and wasted non-pmws affected pigs. in addition, evidence of infection with other pathogens and its relation with variations in apps concentrations was also assessed. fourteen independent batches of 100-154 pigs were monito ...200919356864
evidence of long distance airborne transport of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.the ability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to be transported over long distances via the airborne route was evaluated. a source population of 300 grow-finish pigs was experimentally inoculated with prrsv mn-184 and m. hyopneumoniae 232 and over a 50-day period, air samples were collected at designated distances from the source herd using a liquid cyclonic collector. samples were tested for the presence of prrsv rna and m. hyopneumoniae ...200919379664
identification of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 expression in lungs from pigs naturally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by in situ hybridization.the detection and distribution of interleukin-1 (il-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and il-6 were studied, by in situ hybridization with a non-radioactive digoxigenin-labeled probe, in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissue from 10 pigs naturally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. the morphology of host cells was preserved despite the relatively high temperature required during the incubation procedure. examination of three serial sections from each of the 10 lung samples ...200919420846
oral vaccination against mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine using a live erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae vaccine strain as a vector.erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae koganei 65-0.15 strain, the live swine erysipelas vaccine for subcutaneous injection, has been shown to colonize the tonsils of pigs after oral inoculation. we thus evaluated the possible use of the strain as a vector for oral vaccination against mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine. recombinant e. rhusiopathiae strains expressing the c-terminal domain of the p97 adhesin of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were constructed and examined for vaccine efficacy in mice and pigs. mice s ...200919433128
qtl for traits related to humoral immune response estimated from data of a porcine f2 resource population.this study aimed to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) for traits related to humoral innate immune defence. therefore, haemolytic complement activity in the alternative and the classical pathway, serum concentration of c3c and of haptoglobin (hp) were measured in blood samples obtained from f2 piglets (n = 457) of a porcine f2 resource population before and after mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, aujeszky's disease virus (suid herpesvirus i, suhvi) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ...200919490209
ascaris suum infection negatively affects the response to a mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination and subsequent challenge infection in pigs.since their first introduction more than a century ago, vaccines have become one of the most cost-effective tools to prevent and manage infectious diseases in human and animal populations. it is vital to understand the possible mechanisms that may impair optimal vaccine efficacy. the hypothesis posed in this study was that a concurrent ascaris suum infection of pigs vaccinated with a mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mh) vaccine would modulate the protective immune response to a subsequent challenge inf ...200919524617
an assessment of the duration of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in an experimentally infected population of pigs.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyopneumoniae) is the primary pathogen of enzootic pneumonia (ep), a highly prevalent respiratory disease that affects pigs worldwide. previous studies have demonstrated that m. hyopneumoniae infection can be longer than 185 days; however, the total duration of infection has not been determined yet. therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the duration of m. hyopneumoniae infection in asymptomatic carriers. to achieve our goal, 60 pigs were inoculated ...200918835112
experimental infection of spf pigs with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 9 alone or in association with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.the purpose of this study was to compare in spf pigs, the pathogenicity of an actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 9 strain 21 (isolated from the palatine tonsils of a healthy gilt on a french nucleus pig farm, with no clinical signs or lung lesions but a highly positive reaction to a. pleuropneumoniae serotype 9 antibodies) with a pathogenic a. pleuropneumoniae strain 4915 serotype 9 (isolated in france from an outbreak of porcine pleuropneumonia). the pathogenicity of one mycoplasma hyopne ...200918977616
risk factors associated with pleuritis and cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation in slaughter-aged pigs.examination of lung lesions at the slaughterhouse is a useful tool to estimate the importance of respiratory disease at farm, regional or national level. the objective of the present work was to describe the prevalence of gross lung lesions at slaughter, with a special focus on pleuritis and cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation, and to identify major risk factors for these lesions. data from 107 farms involving approximately 11,000 pigs enabled gross lung lesions to be correlated with serology ...201019527939
estimation of the sensitivity of four sampling methods for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection in live pigs using a bayesian approach.four sampling techniques for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection, namely nasal swabbing, oral-pharyngeal brushing, tracheo-bronchial swabbing and tracheo-bronchial washing, were compared in naturally infected live pigs. in addition, a quantitative real-time pcr assay for m. hyopneumoniae quantification was validated with the same samples. 60 finishing pigs were randomly selected from a batch of contemporary pigs on a farm chronically affected by respiratory disorders. each pig was submitted to na ...201020036079
development and validation of a siga-elisa for the detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection.an alternative indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae secretory iga (siga) antibody (siga-elisa) was developed using an adhesin (p97r1) of m. hyopneumoniae produced in escherichia coli. the siga-elisa assay was validated by the comparison with a nested-pcr assay and a commercial m. hyopneumoniae antibody detection kit (igg-elisa). two hundred and sixty nasal swab samples, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids or serum samples were prepared for si ...201020053508
serological, pathological and polymerase chain reaction studies on mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in the wild boar.there are evidences that wild boar and domestic pig populations share the vulnerability to certain pathogens and, in consequence, the risk of pathogen transmission. based on serological evidences, it is known that mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo) is able to infect the wild boar. however, if this infection causes lesions and disease in this species is still unknown. the objectives of the present study were to assess the seroprevalence to mhyo, as well as the rates of detection of mhyo (by nested p ...201020060659
efficacy of combined porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination in piglets.three vaccination challenge studies were performed to evaluate the impact on vaccine efficacy of combining porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines. piglets were vaccinated with either a m hyopneumoniae bacterin, a modified live prrsv vaccine based on a european-type prrsv strain, or a combination of both vaccines, followed by experimental infection with either m hyopneumoniae or prrsv. vaccine efficacy was evaluated by assessing lung lesi ...201020081177
characterization of a highly immunogenic mycoplasma hyopneumoniae lipoprotein mhp366 identified by peptide-spot array.enzootic pneumonia (ep) in pigs caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a highly prevalent, chronic respiratory disease, which causes considerable economic losses in the swine industry. most herds are vaccinated, but classical bacterin vaccines do not prevent colonization and it is not possible to detect flourishing m. hyopneumoniae infections in vaccinated herds since commonly used commercial elisas cannot differentiate infected from vaccinated animals. to solve this problem, new immunogenic prot ...201019913364
a study on the severity and relevance of porcine circovirus type 2 infections in dutch fattening pigs with respiratory diseases.this study was set up to get more insights in the severity and relevance of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infections in dutch fattening farms in an endemic pcv2-situation with no clinical signs of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). in part a of the study, in total 29 commercial fattening farms with varying percentages of pneumonia and pleurisy at slaughter were examined. blood samples were collected at random by cross-sectional sampling; 10 in the age of 10-12 weeks, 10 at th ...201019913367
long-distance airborne transport of infectious prrsv and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from a swine population infected with multiple viral variants.airborne transport of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m hyo) has been reported out to 4.7 km. this study attempted to determine whether this event could occur over longer distances and across multiple viral variants. to accomplish this goal, a mixed infection of 3 prrsv variants (1-8-4, 1-18-2 and 1-26-2) and m hyo 232 was established in a source population of growing pigs. over 21-day period, air samples were collected from the source po ...201020418029
detection and quantification of intergenic transcription in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasmas are thought to control gene expression through simple mechanisms. the switching mechanisms needed to regulate transcription during significant environmental shifts do not seem to be required for these host-adapted organisms. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, a swine respiratory pathogen, undergoes differential gene expression, but as for all mycoplasmas, the mechanisms involved are still unknown. since mycoplasmas contain only a single sigma factor and few regulator-type proteins, it is like ...201020430814
potential use of a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus vector carrying the c-terminal portion of the p97 adhesin protein as a vaccine against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in swine.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes severe economic losses to the swine industry worldwide and the prevention of its related disease, enzootic porcine pneumonia, remains a challenge. the p97 adhesin protein of m. hyopneumoniae should be a good candidate for the development of a subunit vaccine because antibodies produced against p97 could prevent the adhesion of the pathogen to the respiratory epithelial cells in vitro. in the present study, a p97 recombinant replication-defective adenovirus (radp97 ...201020472025
mapping of quantitative trait loci for mycoplasma and tetanus antibodies and interferon-gamma in a porcine f(2) duroc x pietrain resource population.the aim of the present study was to detect quantitative trait loci (qtl) for innate and adaptive immunity in pigs. for this purpose, a duroc x pietrain f(2) resource population (dupi) with 319 offspring was used to map qtl for the immune traits blood antibodies and interferon-gamma using 122 microsatellites covering all autosomes. antibodies response to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and tetanus toxoid vaccine and the interferon-gamma (ifng) serum concentration were measured at three different time po ...201020567833
occurrence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in suckling and nursery pigs in a region of high pig density.the occurrence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in young pigs was surveyed in a retrospective study of 1122 datasets obtained from routine diagnostics where either suckling or nursery pigs were examined for m hyopneumoniae in lung tissue. findings were correlated with the presence of lung lesions, detection of other respiratory pathogens, vaccination history and parameters describing the herd of origin. the prevalence of m hyopneumoniae in lung tissue from 201 suckling pigs was 2.0 per cen ...201020154309
an investigation of the pathology and pathogens associated with porcine respiratory disease complex in denmark.respiratory infections are among the most important diseases of growing pigs. in order to elucidate the multifactorial aetiology of porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) in denmark, lungs from 148 finishing pigs with cranioventral bronchopneumonia (case group) and 60 pigs without lung lesions (control group) were collected from abattoirs. the pathogens involved in prdc and their interactions were identified and linked to the histopathological diagnosis. the lung samples were cultured for ba ...201020181357
an experimental model to evaluate mycoplasma hyopneumoniae transmission from asymptomatic carriers to unvaccinated and vaccinated sentinel pigs.the objective of this study was to determine the effect of vaccinating susceptible animals on the transmission of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from experimentally infected pigs during the chronic phase of infection. thirty-six seeder pigs were experimentally infected with m. hyopneumoniae. eighty and 200 d post-infection (dpi) 18 seeder pigs were placed in direct contact with 15 vaccinated and 15 unvaccinated age-matched naïve animals. direct animal contact occurred over 14 d. pigs were euthanized a ...201020592848
proteomic analysis of the interactions between mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine tracheal ciliated cells.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonizes at the porcine respiratory-ciliated epithelial cells and causes the enzootic pneumonia of swine. the adhesion step is crucial in the colonization process. a few adhesion molecules have been characterized, and the concurrent receptors from the porcine ciliated cells have also been suggested to recognize the adhesion molecules. in the present study, the interactions between m. hyopneumoniae and porcine tracheal ciliated cells were investigated by employing the fa ...201019672722
cloning and purification of recombinant proteins of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae expressed in escherichia coli.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the etiological agent of swine enzootic pneumonia, is an important pathogen in the swine industry worldwide. vaccination is the most cost-effective strategy for controlling and prevention of this disease. however, investigations on pathogenicity mechanisms as well as current serological detection methods and the development of new recombinant subunit vaccines are hampered by the lack of known and well characterized species-specific m. hyopneumoniae antigens. in this wor ...201019747547
development of a quantitative real-time taqman pcr assay for determination of the minimal dose of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 116 required to induce pneumonia in spf pigs.a triplex real-time pcr assay to quantify mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in specimens from live and dead pigs was developed and validated. the minimal dose of myc. hyopneumoniae required to induce pneumonia in specific pathogen-free pigs was determined.201019811567
pleuritis in slaughter pigs: relations between lung lesions and bacteriology in 10 herds with high pleuritis.pleuritis in slaughter pigs has increased in recent years in the netherlands. the aim of the present study was to determine what respiratory pathogens were involved in pleuritis. in total, lungs of 968 slaughter pigs from 10 herds with high prevalence of pleuritis were morphologically examined for size, location, and type of lesions. moreover, histology and bacteriology were performed. examination of gross lung lesions showed 45% pleuritis, 14% pleuropneumonia and 38% catarrhal pneumonia. peribr ...201019836811
use of a production region model to assess the efficacy of various air filtration systems for preventing airborne transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: results from a 2-year study.porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m hyo) are economically significant pathogens of pigs that can be spread between herds via the airborne route. as area/regional control and eradication programs for these pathogens move forward, it becomes critical to understand conditions associated with airborne transport and to develop strategies to reduce this risk. while merv 16-based air filtration is a potential intervention, it is costly and has onl ...201020667494
genetic diversity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolates from conventional farrow-to-finish pig farms in serbia.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a primary agent associated with mycoplasma pneumonia and the porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc). various reports have indicated that different strains of m. hyopneumoniae are circulating in the swine population. lysates from lung swabs from naturally infected pigs of different ages were tested according to a new variable number of tandem repeats (vntr) genetic typing method based on the polyserine repeat motif of the p146 lipoproteoadhesin, which can be applie ...201020713321
a processed multidomain mycoplasma hyopneumoniae adhesin binds fibronectin, plasminogen, and swine respiratory cilia.porcine enzootic pneumonia is a chronic respiratory disease that affects swine. the etiological agent of the disease, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is a bacterium that adheres to cilia of the swine respiratory tract, resulting in loss of cilia and epithelial cell damage. a m. hyopneumoniae protein p116, encoded by mhp108, was investigated as a potential adhesin. examination of p116 expression using proteomic analyses observed p116 as a full-length protein and also as fragments, ranging from 17 to 70 ...201020813843
validation of atp luminometry for rapid and accurate titration of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in friis medium and a comparison with the color changing units assay.limited reports are available on the growth response of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in friis medium and the routinely used color changing units (ccu) assay has not yet been profoundly compared with other titration methods. firstly, growth kinetics of 7 diverse m. hyopneumoniae isolates were followed by atp luminometry in five friis medium batches. secondly, results of the ccu and atp assays were compared hereby evaluating the methods. growth curves of all isolates had log, stationary and senescence ...201020851152
repeat regions r1 and r2 in the p97 paralogue mhp271 of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bind heparin, fibronectin and porcine cilia.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia, adheres to ciliated respiratory epithelia resulting in ciliostasis and epithelial cell death. the cilium adhesin p97 (mhp183) contains two repeat regions, designated r1 and r2, that play key roles in adherence. eight pentapeptide repeats in r1 are sufficient to bind porcine cilia; however, both r1 and r2 are needed to bind heparin. mhp271, a paralogue of p97, is the only other m. hyopneumoniae protein to contain both r1 ...201020879998
symposium iii report: current status of veterinary vaccines.the 13th annual meeting of the japanese society of vaccinology convened the symposium on current status of veterinary vaccines on september 27, 2009 in sapporo, japan. a broad overview of veterinary vaccines from the past to the present and future as well as the latest developments such as erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae for a platform vector for mucosa vaccine, inactivated avian influenza vaccine prepared from reassortant virus, and inactivated feline immunodeficiency ...201020888441
indices of non-specific and specific humoral immunity in pigs immunomodulated with the bioimmuno preparation and/or immunised with the respisure one vaccine against mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine.the purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the bioimmuno preparation administered in feed and/or immunisation with the respisure one vaccine on the development of selected indices of non-specific and specific humoral immune response against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) infections in pigs. the study was performed on 28 piglets at the age of 4 weeks, divided into four equal groups. the biopreparations were administered according to the following pattern: group i--bioimmuno (ifi o ...201021033558
mycoplasma hyopneumoniae induces pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production through nfκb and mapk pathways in raw264.7 cells.in the present study, we confirmed the ability of m. hyopneumoniae to induce the secretion of large amount of proinflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide (no) in murine macrophage raw 264.7 cells. moreover, m. hyopneumoniae-induced activation of the mapk and nf-кb pathways by phosphorylation of erk1/2, p38 and jnk/sapk and by dissociation of iκb from nf-κb. translocation of transcription factor nf-κb and its binding was confirmed through western blot and electromobility shift assay. from these res ...201021104123
seroprevalence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs in subtropical southern china.enzootic pneumonia caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a severe disease of pigs, causing significant economic losses to the pig industry worldwide, including the tropical and subtropical regions. in order to obtain the baseline prevalence of m. hyopneumoniae in pigs from intensive farms in southern china, double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to detect m. hyoneumoniae antibodies in 460 pig serum samples collected from 12 administrative cities in china's southern gu ...201021107906
optimization of culture media of pathogenic mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by a response surface methodology.composition of culture medium for mass production of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was optimized using a response surface methodology (rsm). initially, the influence of glucose, thallium acetate, fresh yeast extract, horse serum, and porcine serum on the production of mycoplasmal protein was assessed using a 'one factor at a time' technique. next, factors with a significant effect, including fresh yeast extract, and horse and porcine sera, were selected for further optimization using a central compos ...201021113102
evaluation of peripheral lymphocytes after weaning and vaccination for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.this study evaluated immune cell populations in pigs following weaning and vaccination for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. piglets (n=24) were weaned (day 0) at 16 (±1) days of age, and randomly assigned to the vaccination group (n=16) or control group (n=8). complete blood cell counts, flow cytometry and serology were completed for blood samples collected on days 0 (within hours of weaning), 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60. the m. hyopneumoniae s:p ratios (sample optical density: positive control optical density ...201021147491
complete genome sequence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 168.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 168, a pathogenic strain prevalent in china, was isolated in 1974. although this strain has been widespread for a long time, the genome sequence had not been determined. here, we announce the complete genome sequence of m. hyopneumoniae strain 168.201021148737
cytokine and chemokine mrna expression profiles in tracheobronchial lymph nodes from pigs singularly infected or coinfected with porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo).the objective of this study was to determine cytokine and chemokine mrna expression profiles in tracheobronchial lymph nodes from pigs singularly infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo), or coinfected with both. twenty-eight pigs were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) negative controls (neg), (2) inoculated with mhyo (imhyo), (3) inoculated with mhyo and pcv2 (coi), and (4) inoculated with pcv2 (ipcv2). mhyo infection significantly (p<0.05) stim ...201021176971
one dose of a porcine circovirus 2 subunit vaccine induces humoral and cell-mediated immunity and protects against porcine circovirus-associated disease under field conditions.this study investigated the efficacy of a one-dose porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) subunit vaccine based on the pcv2 cap protein expressed in a baculovirus system on two different farms at which a history of porcine circovirus-associated disease (pcvd) was present. morbidity, mortality, average daily weight gain, carcass weight, pcv2 load in serum and vaccine immunogenicity were assessed. serology to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was perform ...201021216540
effect of vaccination of pigs against experimental infection with high and low virulence mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains.this study investigated the infection pattern and lung lesion development in pigs caused by a low and highly virulent mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain at 4 and 8 weeks (w) post infection (pi). it also determined the efficacy of a commercial inactivated whole-cell vaccine against infection with each one of these m. hyopneumoniae strains. ninety piglets free of m. hyopneumoniae were selected, and 40 of them were randomly vaccinated during their first week of life. at weaning, all piglets were alloc ...201121237277
transmission of swine pathogens: different means, different needs.there seems to be two main types of pathogens that cause diseases in swine: those that are mainly introduced through direct pig contacts, and those that are often, and in some situations mainly introduced by indirect transmission means. in this review, the mange mite (sarcoptes scabiei), toxigenic pasteurella multocida and brachyspira hyodysenteriae will be used as examples of the first type, and foot and mouth disease virus, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory synd ...201121241537
mhp107 is a member of the multifunctional adhesin family of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative pathogen of porcine enzootic pneumonia, an economically significant disease that disrupts the mucociliary escalator in the swine respiratory tract. expression of mhp107, a p97 paralog encoded by the gene mhp107, was confirmed using esi-ms/ms. to investigate the function of mhp107, three recombinant proteins, f1(mhp107), f2(mhp107), and f3(mhp107), spanning the n-terminal, central, and c-terminal regions of mhp107 were constructed. colonization of swine b ...201121245147
a modified live prrsv vaccine and the pathogenic parent strain induce regulatory t cells in pigs naturally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.the lack of heterologous protection by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) vaccines is currently a major problem in the field. heterologous protection by prrs vaccines depends on the ability of the vaccine to induce an interferon gamma (ifn-?) response. one mechanism by which the virus evades the immune system is by activating regulatory t cells (t(regs)), resulting in induction of interleukin 10 rather than ifn-?. our hypothesis that current prrs vaccines do not differ f ...201121272944
comparative efficacy of commercial mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) vaccines in pigs experimentally infected with m. hyopneumoniae and pcv2.the efficacies of two commercial mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) vaccines were compared in conventional pigs immunized at different ages based on humoral response, pathological observation, and growth performance from birth to finishing (175 days of age) using a m. hyopneumoniae and pcv2 co-infection challenge model. one-week-old pigs (n=110) were randomly assigned to five groups: three vaccinated and challenged (vc), and one each of non-vaccinated and challeng ...201121354247
multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis is a suitable tool for differentiation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains without cultivation.an assay based on multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis allowed differentiating and studying diversity and persistence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains in pig herds without prior cultivation. the test had a discriminatory index of >0.99 and was applied reliably to porcine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and tracheal swabs.201121389157
attenuated actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae as a bacterial vector for expression of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae p36 gene.actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae are causative agents of porcine pneumonia. over the last few years, attenuated a. pleuropneumoniae live vaccines have been shown to provide protection against a. pleuropneumoniae infection. we postulated that attenuated a. pleuropneumoniae could additionally be used as a vaccine vector for protection against m. hyopneumoniae.201121432947
florfenicol feed supplemented decrease the clinical effects of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae experimental infection in swine in méxico.the therapeutic value of florfenicol feed supplemented was evaluated in conventional pigs to eliminate consequences of chronic infection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. the experimental animals were pigs with an average of 16kg, after intratracheally inoculation with m. hyopneumoniae they were divided in two experimental groups: (a) the non-medicated; and (b) the feed supplemented group (20g florfenicol/ton of feed) during the ensuing 35days. the average daily weight gain of the florfenicol-treated ...201121458833
effect of cross-fostering on transfer of maternal immunity to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to piglets.the aim of this study was to assess the effect of cross-fostering on transfer of maternal mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity (cmi) from gilts to piglets. cross-fostering, carried out within gilt pairs, was based on the gilts' m hyopneumoniae vaccination status in accordance with the following scheme: six pairs of vaccinated gilt × non-vaccinated gilt (v × n); five pairs of non-vaccinated gilt × vaccinated gilt (n × v); and five pairs of vaccinated gilt × vaccina ...201121493469
porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) vaccination is effective in reducing disease and pcv2 shedding in semen of boars concurrently infected with pcv2 and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.the objectives were to determine whether the amount of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) shed in semen increased in boars experimentally coinfected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo), and whether pcv2 vaccination of boars prior to pcv2 exposure reduced pcv2 viremia and virus shedding in semen. twelve specific-pathogen-free pcv2- and mhyo-naïve boars were randomly and equally assigned to one of four groups. six boars were vaccinated against pcv2 (vac) on day 0; three pcv2 vaccinated and three no ...201121496897
genotyping of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in wild boar lung samples.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiologic agent of enzootic pneumonia (ep), an important cause of disease-associated losses in swine production and a role of wild boar in recurrent infections can be supposed. genotypes of m. hyopneumoniae from wild boar are unknown but could indicate its role as a potential reservoir. therefore, 34 lung samples being pcr-positive for m. hyopneumoniae from wild boar from the geneva region in switzerland were assayed by genotyping using the p146 and multi-locus se ...201121571452
molecular cloning of hsp70 in mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and comparison with that of other mycoplasmas.mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, a bacterial species that specifically affects ovine and goat, is the cause of ovine infectious pleuropneumonia. we cloned, sequenced and analyzed heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) (dnak) gene of m. ovipneumoniae. the full length open reading frame of the m. ovipneumoniae hsp70 gene consists of 1812 nucleotides, with a g+c content of 34.16%, encoding 604 amino acids. comparative analysis with the hsp70 sequences of 15 mycoplasma species revealed 59 to 87% dna sequence identi ...201121574140
estimates of the seroprevalence of production-limiting diseases in wild pigs. 201121610003
the three-way relationship of polymorphisms of porcine genes encoding terminal complement components, their differential expression, and health-related phenotypes.the complement system is an evolutionary ancient mechanism that plays an essential role in innate immunity and contributes to the acquired immune response. three modes of activation, known as classical, alternative and lectin pathway, lead to the initiation of a common terminal lytic pathway. the terminal complement components (tccs: c6, c7, c8a, c8b, and c9) are encoded by the genes c6, c7, c8a, c8b, c8g, and c9. we aimed at experimentally testing the porcine genes encoding tccs as candidate ge ...201121645298
deciphering the genetic control of innate and adaptive immune responses in pig: a combined genetic and genomic study.improving animal robustness and resistance to pathogens by adding health criteria in selection schemes is one of the challenging objectives of the next decade. in order to better understand the genetic control of immunity in french large white pigs, we have launched a program combining genetic and genomic studies not focussing on any particular pathogen. animals recorded for production traits were scored for a wide range of immunity parameters three weeks after vaccination against mycoplasma hyo ...201121645313
toll-like receptor 6 differential expression in two pig genetic groups vaccinated against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiologic agent of enzootic pneumonia, which causes important economic losses to swine industry. the toll-like receptors (tlrs) are pattern-recognition receptors which detect microbial presence and initiate the innate as well as the adaptative immune defense. toll-like receptor 6 is a type i transmembrane protein that recognizes bacterial components. the aim of this study was to compare mrna expression pattern of tlr6 gene in two genetically distinct groups of pig ...201121645324
expression of secreted and membrane-bound mucins in the airways of piglets experimentally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.immunohistochemistry was used to demonstrate secreted mucins muc2, muc5ac and muc5b and membrane-bound mucin muc4 in the pulmonary bronchioles of piglets experimentally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. conventional status, landrace-duroc cross-bred piglets, 13days of age, were randomised to two groups. one group (n=20) was infected by the intra-tracheal route with the snu98703 strain of m. hyopneumoniae, and a group of 12 animals acted as uninfected controls. five infected and three uninf ...201121652241
inflammatory responses to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in murine alveolar macrophage cell lines.to investigate the mechanism by which mycoplasma hyopneumoniae induces inflammatory responses in murine alveolar macrophage (mh-s) cells.201121660848
rapd and vntr analyses demonstrate genotypic heterogeneity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolates from pigs housed in a region with high pig density.since differences in the virulence of mycoplasma (m.) hyopneumoniae strains have been described, the isolation of field strains followed by genotypic and phenotypic characterisation has become a major goal in epidemiological studies. the aim of this study was to compare various m. hyopneumoniae isolates from different pig herds and numerous pigs within the same herd. therefore, pigs of 109 herds located in north-western germany were sampled either on-farm or during necropsies. overall, 52 isolat ...201121683534
farm level risk factors associated with severity of post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome.a cross-sectional study involving 147 pig farms across england was conducted in 2008-2009. farm severity of post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome (pmws) was estimated through the use of an algorithm that combined data on post-weaning mortality, pmws morbidity and proportion of porcine circovirus type 2 pcr positive pigs. farms were classified as non/slightly, moderately or highly affected by pmws. data on potential pmws risk factors were collected through interviews, on-farm assessment an ...201121741715
mycoplasma hyopneumoniae type i signal peptidase: expression and evaluation of its diagnostic potential.type i signal peptidase (spase i) is a membrane-anchored protease of the general secretory pathway, which is encoded by the sips gene in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the etiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (pep). in this study, the expression of the m. hyopneumoniae spase i (mhspase i) was analyzed in virulent and avirulent strains, and the recombinant protein (rmhspase i), expressed in escherichia coli, was evaluated regarding its potential as an immunodiagnostic antigen. it was demons ...201121831542
immunity traits in pigs: substantial genetic variation and limited covariation.increasing robustness via improvement of resistance to pathogens is a major selection objective in livestock breeding. as resistance traits are difficult or impossible to measure directly, potential indirect criteria are measures of immune traits (its). our underlying hypothesis is that levels of its with no focus on specific pathogens define an individual's immunocompetence and thus predict response to pathogens in general. since variation in its depends on genetic, environmental and probably e ...201121829490
longitudinal study of respiratory infection patterns of breeding sows in five farrow-to-finish herds.a longitudinal study was carried out in five french farrow-to-finish herds differently affected by respiratory diseases to describe the carrying and infection patterns of batches of sows to various respiratory pathogens during gestation and lactation. an entire batch of sows was followed during two successive reproduction cycles. nasal, tonsillar and oro-pharyngeal swabs and blood samples were taken from each sow 9 and 4 weeks before farrowing and 1 and 4 weeks after farrowing. mycoplasma hyopne ...201120696539
development of allele-specific primer pcr for a swine tlr2 snp and comparison of the frequency among several pig breeds of japan and the czech republic.in the present study, we have developed an allele-specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (asp-pcr) for genotyping a single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) of swine toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) (c406g), which is related to the prevalence of pneumonia caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. we also compared the allele frequency among several pig breeds of japan and the czech republic. allele-specific primers were constructed by introducing 1-base mismatch sequence before the snp site. the swine tlr2 c ...201122156387
Bacterial pathogens associated with lung lesions in slaughter pigs from 125 herds.Relationships between macroscopic lesions and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp), Pasteurella multocida (Pm), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App), Haemophilus parasuis (Hps) and Streptococcus suis (Ssuis) of the lungs of 3731 slaughter pigs from 125 herds were assessed in France. Pneumonia and pleuritis were the most frequent lesions (69.3% and 15% of the lungs, respectively). Mhp, Pm, App, Ssuis and Hps were detected in 69.3%, 36.9%, 20.7%, 6.4% and 0. ...201122133708
mycoplasma hyopneumoniae transcription unit organization: genome survey and prediction.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is associated with swine respiratory diseases. although gene organization and regulation are well known in many prokaryotic organisms, knowledge on mycoplasma is limited. this study performed a comparative analysis of three strains of m. hyopneumoniae (7448, j and 232), with a focus on genome organization and gene comparison for open read frame (orf) cluster (oc) identification. an in silico analysis of gene organization demonstrated 117 ocs and 34 single orfs in m. hyop ...201122086999
Sequence TTKF ? QE defines the site of proteolytic cleavage in Mhp683 protein, a novel glycosaminoglycan and cilium adhesin of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonizes the ciliated respiratory epithelium of swine, disrupting mucociliary function and inducing chronic inflammation. P97 and P102 family members are major surface proteins of M. hyopneumoniae and play key roles in colonizing cilia via interactions with glycosaminoglycans and mucin. The p102 paralog, mhp683, and homologs in strains from different geographic origins encode a 135-kDa pre-protein (P135) that is cleaved into three fragments identified here as P45(683), ...201121969369
increased prevalence of torque teno viruses in porcine respiratory disease complex affected pigs.the role of swine torque teno sus viruses (ttsuvs) as co-factors in disease syndromes involving porcine circovirus strain 2 (pcv2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory disease syndrome virus (prrsv) has been a debatable subject. in this study, the prevalence of ttsuvs in iowa, the leading pork producing state in the u.s., was estimated by a duplex pcr. the pcr is capable of simultaneously detecting both teno sus viruses 1 and 2 (ttsuv1 and 2). based on an analysis of 300 random samples repre ...201122227415
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