Publications

infection and labor. v. prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in women with preterm labor and intact membranes.	amniotic fluid was retrieved by amniocentesis from 264 patients with preterm labor and intact membranes admitted to yale-new haven hospital from jan. 1, 1985, to july 31, 1988. the prevalence of a positive amniotic fluid culture was 9.1% (24/264). a total of 111 patients (42%) delivered preterm neonates, and 24 (21.6%) of those had positive amniotic fluid cultures. the diagnostic indexes of the gram stain of amniotic fluid in the prediction of a positive amniotic fluid culture were as follows: s ...	1989	2675611
morphological lesions of the rat urinary tract induced by inoculation of mycoplasmas and other urinary tract pathogens.	the effects on the urinary tract after inoculation of ureaplasma urealyticum into the rat bladder were evaluated and compared to that seen after mycoplasma hominis, escherichia coli and proteus mirabilis inoculation. the inoculation of the urease-producing organisms p. mirabilis and u. urealyticum were associated with the formation of struvite bladder stones and predominantly hyperplastic lesions of the bladder. the p. mirabilis inoculated rats also displayed marked pyelonephritis. a similar but ...	1989	2678669
mycoplasma hominis as a respiratory pathogen in x-linked hypogammaglobulinaemia.	we report a case of lower respiratory tract infection with mycoplasma hominis in a patient with x-linked hypogammaglobulinaemia.	1989	2708833
susceptibilities of genital mycoplasmas to the newer quinolones as determined by the agar dilution method.	the increasing resistance of genital mycoplasmas to tetracycline poses a problem because tetracycline is one of the few antimicrobial agents active against mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, chlamydiae, gonococci, and other agents of genitourinary-tract disease. since the quinolones are a promising group of antimicrobial agents, the susceptibilities of m. hominis and u. urealyticum to the newer 6-fluoroquinolones were determined by the agar dilution method. ciprofloxacin, difloxacin, an ...	1989	2712541
[changes in the biological properties of mycoplasma hominis under the influence of prednisolone and cyclophosphane].	the results of experimental investigations on the influence of prednisolone and cyclophosphane on biological properties of m. hominis are presented. changes in the morphology of mycoplasmal colonies depending on the type and dose of the preparation were stated. the virulence of mycoplasmas was found to be intensified with an increase of the concentration of prednisolone in the culture medium from 0.1 to 20.0 micrograms/ml and that of cyclophosphane from 0.2 to 20.0 micrograms/ml.	1989	2725356
association of chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma hominis with intrauterine growth retardation and preterm delivery. the john hopkins study of cervicitis and adverse pregnancy outcome.	the authors conducted a prospective study of risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation (birth weight less than a standard (race- and sex-adjusted) 10th percentile for gestational age) and preterm birth (birth prior to 37 weeks gestation) in a high-risk, inner-city, obstetric population, with special interest in pathogens colonizing the maternal genital tract. a total of 801 women within 22 to 30 weeks of gestation were enrolled and interviewed. subjects were cultured for gardnerella vagin ...	1989	2729260
prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by mycoplasma hominis.		1989	2729342
[genital infections in adolescence].	in 126 patients with relapsing cervicitis or abnormal cytologic findings, aged 13-19 years (12.5% were virgins), the most frequently bacteria were ureaplasma urealyticum (30.2%), mycoplasma hominis, and gardnerella vaginalis (14.3%), and chlamydia trachomatis (9.5%). in patients with abnormal cytologic findings, ureaplasma urealyticum was isolated most frequently--5 times in group iiia after papanicolaou and 4 times in group iiib, followed by mycoplasma hominis 3 times in group iiia and iiib eac ...	1989	2739437
characterization of a strain of mycoplasma hominis lacking 120 kda membrane protein isolated from vero cell culture.	a strain of mycoplasma hominis lacking a major membrane protein of 120 kda was isolated from a vero cell culture. this strain showed very slow growth rate and formed nipple-less colonies on agar medium.	1989	2755364
incidence of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum infection in pregnant women and gynaecological patients; the effectivity of doxycycline therapy.	the authors report on the results of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum cultivations performed within two and a half years in 1,421 pregnant women and gynaecological patients. considering the obstetrical-gynaecological patients mycoplasma hominis was identified in 7.25% and ureaplasma urealyticum in 38.11% of cases. no significant difference was found in the incidence of mycoplasma infection when comparing the results of cultivations of samples obtained from a clinically non-inflamed ...	1989	2756511
transmission of genital mycoplasmas from mother to neonate in women with prolonged membrane rupture.	colonization of the neonate with genital mycoplasmas occurs during passage through a colonized birth canal or in utero via contamination of the amniotic fluid. to define further the route of transmission we obtained cultures from the maternal vagina, the amniotic fluid and the neonatal pharynx in 131 mother-baby pairs. sixty-six percent (33 of 50) of the corresponding amniotic fluids were colonized when the vagina was colonized with mycoplasma hominis. when the amniotic fluid contained m. homini ...	1989	2771527
neonatal serologic response at term to the genital mycoplasmas.	genital mycoplasmas are frequently found in the amniotic fluid (af) of women with ruptured membranes but are infrequent pathogens in the neonates born to these women. the serologic response to the genital mycoplasmas, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum, was studied in 35 mother-baby pairs following term deliveries. amniotic fluid and neonatal surface cultures were obtained in all cases, as were maternal and neonatal acute and convalescent sera. despite significant maternal serologic r ...	1989	2771528
successful management of mycoplasma hominis septic arthritis involving a cementless prosthesis.	prompt identification of the infectious agent and antibiotic treatment are essential to the prevention of mortality or serious morbidity in patients with septic arthritis. of concern is the increasing incidence of mycoplasma hominis saprophytes as a cause of joint infections given the problems in isolating these microbes. the case of a 32-year-old black woman with a 9-year history of systemic lupus erythematous who presented with an m hominis-related septic arthritis involving hip and knee joi ...	1989	2773970
evidence relating bacterial vaginosis to intraamniotic infection.	we performed a two-part study to determine relationships of bacterial vaginosis and intraamniotic infection. in the first part of the study, we determined whether bacterial vaginosis organisms (gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma hominis, and anaerobes) were associated with each other in the amniotic fluid of 408 cases of intraamniotic infection. in the second part, we determined the association of bacterial vaginosis itself with intraamniotic infection in 125 cases at high risk for intraamniotic ...	1989	2782365
comparative in vitro activity of lomefloxacin, a difluoro-quinolone.	lomefloxacin is a new difluoro-quinolone. in this study, we have determined the in vitro activity of lomefloxacin against a wide range of clinical bacterial isolates and compared it with that of other fluoro-quinolones and some unrelated antimicrobials. lomefloxacin was very active against enterobacteriaceae (mic90, 0.5 micrograms/ml) with activity comparable to that of ofloxacin (mic90, 0.25 micrograms/ml). lomefloxacin was moderately active against isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic90, 4 ...	1989	2791500
is genital colonization with mycoplasma hominis or ureaplasma urealyticum associated with prematurity/low birth weight?		1989	2797647
frequency of chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum infections in pregnant women.		1989	16312697
fast and simple procedure for the detection of cell culture mycoplasmas using a single monoclonal antibody.	the detection of mycoplasmas in cell cultures is still a problem, especially in those laboratories in which the detection and identification of microorganisms is not established as a routine procedure. in our laboratory, monoclonal antibodies (mabs) have been prepared to acholeplasma laidlawii, mycoplasma hyorhinis, mycoplasma orale, mycoplasma arginini and mycoplasma salivarium. 30 mabs were obtained and one of these, designated ccm-2, was shown to bind to all five mycoplasma species. it also b ...	1990	1697315
a high-affinity human monoclonal igm antibody reacting with multiple strains of mycoplasma hominis.	human monoclonal antibodies were produced against mycoplasma hominis by in vitro immunization of peripheral blood lymphocytes from a healthy seropositive donor using low amounts of antigen (5 ng/ml). the immune b lymphocytes were subsequently immortalized by epstein-barr virus transformation followed by somatic cell fusion. using this procedure, several specific anti-m. hominis monoclonal antibodies of mu isotype were obtained exhibiting apparent affinity constants as high as 3 x 10(9)m-1. the p ...	1990	1700092
comparative in vitro activity of azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin and lomefloxacin against mycoplasma pneumoniae, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum.	the in vitro activity of three macrolides, azithromycin, clarithromycin and erythromycin and a new fluoroquinolone, lomefloxacin, against pathogenic mycoplasma (16 to 18 strains of mycoplasma pneumoniae, 41 to 77 strains of mycoplasma hominis, 65 to 104 strains of ureaplasma urealyticum) was compared. the three macrolides were highly active against mycoplasma pneumoniae. clarithromycin was the most active macrolide against ureaplasma urealyticum whereas azithromycin was somewhat more active than ...	1990	1964899
mycoplasma hominis infection in three renal transplant patients.	we describe three cases of extragenital infection by mycoplasma hominis in three patients transplanted with kidneys from cadaver donors. in two patients, the microorganism was isolated in the exudate from the surgical wound after 72 hrs. of culture on blood-agar (columbia + 5% horse blood) in co2 and under anaerobic conditions. in the remaining case, m. hominis was isolated in urine from a suprapubic catheter. all three patients responded satisfactorily to treatment with doxycycline. mycoplasma ...	1990	2076594
evaluation of the significance of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in female genital tract infection--a retrospective case note study.	routine screening for sexually transmitted diseases in new patients attending the genitourinary clinic in stoke-on-trent includes a culture for mycoplasma hominis (mh) and ureaplasma urealyticum (uu). a retrospective study was carried out on 400 female patients to ascertain whether there were any significant differences between the group positive for mh and uu and the negative control group. the positive group were found to be younger on average, but to have similar sexual histories to the negat ...	1990	2083293
increase in resistance of mycoplasma hominis to tetracyclines.	isolates of mycoplasma hominis collected from patients in boston and new york between 1976 and 1989 were studied. minimal metabolism-inhibiting concentrations (mmcs) were determined by use of a terminal color change-broth dilution method, as well as by an agar inoculum-broth dilution method. both methods gave comparable results. tetracycline mmcs for 3 (7.0%) of 43 isolates of m. hominis collected from 1976 to 1979 were 8 micrograms/ml or more, but they were 8 micrograms/ml or more for 11 (20.3% ...	1990	2088184
mycoplasmas, a review of surveys examining human genital infections and experimental infection in mice with special reference to in vitro fertilization.	patients attending an "in vitro fertilization" clinic were shown to be commonly infected in the semen with ureaplasma urealyticum (29%) and mycoplasma hominis (12%). other mycoplasmas were rarely recovered. m. hominis was not eradicated from sperm by washing, although washing removed 71% of the ureaplasmas from infected semen. there was a significantly higher incidence of u. urealyticum and m. hominis in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (p = less than 0.05 and p = less than 0.01 ...	1990	2097465
serologic evidence for the role of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and mycoplasma hominis in the etiology of tubal factor infertility and ectopic pregnancy.	the authors used enzyme immunoassay to determine the prevalence of serum antibodies to the sexually transmitted disease (std) organisms chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and mycoplasma hominis among 104 infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization. altogether, 55 (72%) out of 76 women with tubal abnormalities tested positive for one or more std organisms, compared with only 6 (21%) out of 28 infertile women with normal tubes (p less than .001). the authors obtained positive test ...	1990	2106171
pefloxacin compared with cefotaxime for treating men with uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis.	in a randomized comparative study, 83 male patients suffering from acute uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis were treated with a single dose of either 0.8 g pefloxacin, given orally, or 1.0 g cefotaxime, given intramuscularly. the cure rates were 100% in both treatment groups four to seven days and 21 to 31 days, respectively, after therapy. the mics of the isolated neisseria gonorrhoeae ranged from 0.008 to 0.06 mg/l for pefloxacin and from 0.0005 to 0.03 mg/l for cefotaxime. postgonococcal ure ...	1990	2124210
characterization of the tet m determinants in urogenital and respiratory bacteria.	tetracycline-resistant fusobacterium nucleatum, haemophilus ducreyi, mycoplasma hominis, peptostreptococcus spp., ureaplasma urealyticum, and veillonella parvula had dna sequences which showed homology throughout the length of the tet m transposon, tn916. in contrast, gardnerella vaginalis, commensal neisseria spp., and the 25.2-megadalton plasmid family lacked the complete transposon.	1990	2159259
postgonococcal urethritis: a double-blind study of doxycycline vs placebo.	the occurrence of postgonococcal urethritis (pgu) was studied in heterosexual men who were randomly assigned to receive either oral doxycycline 100 mg or a placebo capsule twice daily for seven days in addition to routine single dose treatment of urethral gonorrhoea. of 216 patients suitable for assessment, pgu was diagnosed in 54/104 (51.9%) in the placebo group and 30/112 (26.8%) in the doxycycline group. symptomatic pgu was uncommon (6.7% in the placebo group, 2.7% in the doxycycline group). ...	1990	2179113
etiology and treatment of post-cesarean-section endometritis after cephalosporin prophylaxis.	to describe the microbiologic etiology of post-cesarean endometritis developing after perioperative cephalosporin prophylaxis, endometrial samples were obtained from 27 women with a triple-lumen catheter. the women were assigned in a double-blind, randomized fashion to receive either ticarcillin/clavulanate, 3.1 g, or cefoxitin, 2 g, administered every six hours, until the clinical signs of infection resolved. a total of 149 microorganisms (84 facultative and 65 obligate anaerobes) were recovere ...	1990	2181119
[role of mycoplasma hominis in acute infections of the female genital system].	a study was carried out on the role of mycoplasma hominis in obstetric and gynecological infections, and the paper reports a case report of acute pelvoperitonitis in a woman fitted with an iud. the important role of early preoperative diagnosis in underlined and the current criteria for correct antibiotic therapy are discussed.	1990	2187167
[evaluation of the mycoplasma plus and the sir mycoplasma kits for quantitative detection and antibiotic susceptibility testing of genital mycoplasma].	we compared the results obtained with two commercially available systems (diagnostics pasteur) for the quantitative identification and the antibiotic susceptibility testing of the genital mycoplasmas. ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis with established methodologies, i.e. isolation on agar with enumeration by dilutions in broth medium and mic determinations. the mycoplasma plus system, consisting of six cups, was designed for the identification and quantitation of genital mycoplasmas ...	1990	2195452
[epidemiology of vaginal mycoplasmas].	the authors made in 456 women mycoplasmatological examinations of the vaginal secretion by cultivation. mycoplasma hominis was obtained in 158 women (34.6%). u. urealyticum in 295 women (64.7%) in 120 women (26.3%) both microorganisms were present. the prevalence of vaginal mycoplasms is markedly influenced by the sexual activity of women. the relative risk of colonization of the vagina with m. hominis rises with the frequency of sexual intercourse more than four times. in case of a larger numbe ...	1990	2196998
extragenital mycoplasma hominis infections in adults.	purpose: to heighten awareness of the role of mycoplasma hominis as an extragenital pathogen in adults. patients and methods and results: patients ranged in age from 14 to 76 years. thirteen patients were immunosuppressed, including nine organ transplant recipients; three were receiving steroids, and two had an underlying malignancy. the remainder were immunocompetent. thirteen patients had prior surgery at or near the site of infection. m. hominis was isolated from normally sterile sites such a ...	1990	2203260
occurrence of ureaplasma urealyticus and mycoplasma hominis in non-gonococcal urethritis before and after treatment in a double-blind trial of ofloxacin versus erythromycin.	the efficacy of ofloxacin, a new quinolone derivate, was tested against that of erythromycin in a prospective double-blind trial in patients with non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu) with special reference to the occurrence of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum. 188 male ngu patients were randomized to treatment with either ofloxacin 200 mg b.i.d. or erythromycin 500 mg b.i.d. for seven days. before treatment eight (4.3%) patients, five in the erythromycin group and three in the ofloxacin ...	1990	2218419
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulins g to mycoplasma hominis.	sera (187) from women patients attending the std, obstetrics and gynaecology, and family planning clinics were screened for the presence of the igg class of immunoglobulins against m. hominis, using the elisa technique. sonicates of locally isolated m. hominis serotype (cs1) and standard pg 21 strain were used as antigens. the test was standardized using penicillinase as an enzyme. the elisa showed 90.48 per cent sensitivity and 84.8 per cent specificity, and was also rapid (as compared to cultu ...	1990	2228057
reservoir of four organisms associated with bacterial vaginosis suggests lack of sexual transmission.	this study consisted of a search for the possible reservoir and mode of spread of the four bacterial vaginosis-associated organisms mobiluncus mulieris, mobiluncus curtisii, mycoplasma hominis, and gardnerella vaginalis. their occurrence in rectal, oral, and pharyngeal specimens from women with and without bacterial vaginosis, their male sexual consorts, four homosexual men, and children (altogether, 374 people) was studied. genital samples were also obtained from all adults. all four organisms ...	1990	2229386
antenatal microbiologic and maternal risk factors associated with prematurity.	in a prospective study of 202 women (gestational age 24 +/- 4 weeks), we evaluated possible influences of lower genital tract infection or bacterial conditions on obstetric outcomes, including preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes, and preterm birth. the presence of bacterial vaginosis (18.7%) was associated with an increased risk of preterm labor (relative risk, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 6.46). for women with bacterial vaginosis who also had mobiluncus species morpho ...	1990	2240089
cervicovaginal microflora and pregnancy outcome: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of erythromycin treatment.	available information suggests that some instances of preterm birth or premature rupture of membranes are associated with clinically unrecognized infection and inflammation of the lower uterine segment, decidua, and fetal membranes. various cervicovaginal microorganisms have been recovered from these sites. many of these microorganisms produce factors that may lead to weakening of the fetal membranes, release of prostaglandins, or both. this study evaluated the presence of various lower genital ...	1990	2240110
[microbial flora in semen of infertile african men at garankuwa hospital].	this study was undertaken to determine the frequency of bacteria and mycoplasmas in semen of infertile african men and to compare abnormal semen parameters with the presence of these organisms. routine semen analysis were performed on 100 patients, and semen and first-voided urine samples were cultured. mycoplasma hominis was cultured in 28% of seminal fluid and ureaplasma urealyticum in 42%. these organisms were both present in 22% of cultures. bacteriological cultures were positive in 6 urine ...	1990	2264614
mycoplasma hominis infections in female genital tract & use of immunofluorescence for antibody detection.	a total of 325 women with genital tract infection and 108 healthy controls were screened for the presence of mycoplasmas. of these, 325 patients, mycoplasmas were recovered in 186. thirty five isolates were m. hominis and 151 isolates of ureaplasma urealyticum. the fluorescent-antibody technique (fat) has been employed for the rapid identification of mycoplasma colonies growing on agar plates. the method was found to be rapid for detection of m. hominis growing on primary isolation plates. the a ...	1990	2269508
differences in accumulation of radiolabeled amino acids and polyamines by mycoplasma and acholeplasma species.	four species in the order mycoplasmatales, mycoplasma capricolum, mycoplasma hominis, mycoplasma arginini, and acholeplasma laidlawii, were compared for their ability to accumulate radiolabeled amino acids and polyamines. the use of a novel high-molecular-weight (hmw) medium, from which molecules of less than 12,000 molecular weight had been removed by extensive dialysis, allowed us to discern significant differences among the species in their relative accumulations of [3h]methionine and [3h]leu ...	1990	2275861
wound infections after cesarean section with mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum. a report of three cases.	mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum were isolated from the surgical wounds of three patients who developed endometritis and a wound infection after cesarean section. in all patients, aspiration of the incision yielded a cloudy serosanguinous exudate. gram stain of the fluid revealed numerous white blood cells but no bacteria. all patients responded to antibiotic therapy and local wound care.	1990	2282776
common sulfoglycolipid receptor for mycoplasmas involved in animal and human infertility.	sulfoglycolipids are ubiquitous components of the male germ cell membrane. sulfogalactoglycerolipid (sgg) is restricted to mammalian cells and has recently been implicated in sperm/egg interactions. mycoplasma infections have been implicated in infertility in a variety of species, including humans. four such species-specific mycoplasmas, ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis (humans), mycoplasma pulmonis (rodents), and ureaplasma diversum (cattle) are not shown to specifically recognize ...	1990	2289018
heart transplantation for intractable prosthetic valve endocarditis.	a 25-year-old woman with active systemic lupus erythematosus and infective endocarditis was seen initially with porcine aortic bioprosthetic stenosis, perivalvar regurgitation, and native mitral regurgitation 9 years after aortic valve replacement for lupus endocarditis. double-valve replacement was performed with st. jude medical mechanical prostheses. after operation the patient developed fever and an elevated white blood cell count. one month later she had increasing mitral and aortic perival ...	1990	2319373
human ureaplasmas show diverse genome sizes by pulsed-field electrophoresis.	contour clamped homogeneous field (chef) agarose gel electrophoresis (age), ramped to give linear separation of dna molecules of 600-1600 kilobase pairs (kbp), was used to determine mobilities for full-sized genomic dna of the serotype standard strains of the human genital mollicutes, ureaplasma urealyticum relative to yeast chromosomal dna markers. indicated genome sizes (in kbp) were 760 for the four biotype 1 strains and 840-1140 for eleven biotype 2 strains. other estimates were: 720 for myc ...	1990	2326188
mycoplasmal infections of cerebrospinal fluid in newborn infants from a community hospital population.	mycoplasma hominis or ureaplasma urealyticum have previously been isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (csf) in 13 of 100 newborn infants tested from a high risk university hospital population where the mothers were of predominantly lower income and socioeconomic status and had often received little or no prenatal care. we sought to determine whether such infections occur in neonates born to women cared for mainly through private obstetric practices and who delivered in 4 suburban community hospita ...	1990	2336309
mycoplasma hominis pneumonia and pleural effusion in a postpartum adolescent.		1990	2336318
near fatal puerperal fever due to mycoplasma hominis.	we describe a case of severe septicaemia caused by mycoplasma hominis in a 23 year old patient following childbirth. she developed disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute respiratory distress syndrome which have not hitherto been described in association with septicaemia due to this organism. investigation and treatment leading to full recovery is outlined.	1990	2349190
urethral infection of male monkeys by mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum.	seven male macaca nemestrina, eight male macaca mulatta and three male papio hamadrias were infected with m. hominis or u. urealyticum separately or simultaneously into the urethra. animals of the first two species exhibited moderate infection and mild clinical urethritis characterized by increased number of pmnl in the urethral discharge and colonization and lymphocytic infiltration of the mucous membrane of the urethra and urinary bladder. animals of the third species proved to be less sensiti ...	1990	2363322
polymicrobial infections of the female low genital tract.	a complete microbiologic analysis of nine infectious agents causing low genital tract infection (lgti) was obtained in 240 young women, of whom 193 were symptomatic for lgti and 47 were asymptomatic (control group). the polymicrobial nature of lgti was demonstrated by both the increased frequency of different microorganisms (1.77 +/- 1.09 sd in symptomatic vs. 1.08 +/- 0.98 in asymptomatic patients) and the increased total number of agents (0 agents 8.3 and 36.2%, 1-2 agents 67.4 and 55.3%, grea ...	1990	2380032
microbiologic efficacy of intravaginal clindamycin cream for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis.	bacterial vaginosis is characterized by replacement of the normal lactobacillus-predominant vaginal flora with gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobic bacteria, and mycoplasma hominis. the present study evaluated the vaginal flora of women with bacterial vaginosis before and after treatment with intravaginal clindamycin cream. sixty-seven nonpregnant women with symptoms and signs of bacterial vaginosis, and without other genital tract infections, were randomly assigned to receive placebo cream or 0.1, ...	1990	2381617
infection and labor. vi. prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in twin gestations with preterm labor.	the purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence, microbiology, and outcome of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in twin gestation presenting with preterm labor and intact membranes. amniocenteses were performed on both sacs of 46 women with twin gestations, preterm labor, and intact membranes. indigo carmine was injected to ensure sampling of both amniotic sacs. amniotic fluid was cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, mycoplasma hominis, and ureaplasma urealyticum. a pos ...	1990	2403156
a clinical and microbiologic analysis of risk factors for puerperal endometritis.	predictors of postpartum endometritis were identified in 607 asymptomatic, laboring women. one hundred (16.5%) developed postpartum endometritis. multivariate analysis using stepwise logistic regression identified cesarean delivery (relative risk 12.8; p less than .0001) as the dominant overall predictor. in patients with cesarean delivery (n = 124), prophylactic antibiotics (relative risk 0.54; p less than .0002) and high-virulence bacteria or mycoplasma hominis (relative risk 1.4; p less than ...	1990	2406660
[value and limits of research on mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in the gastric fluid of newborn infants].	mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum were cultured and counted in the gastric fluid of 153 neonates divided into three groups: 28 preterm neonates managed in an intensive care unit (group i); 83 full term neonates with suspected infection (group ii); and 42 full term neonates with no evidence of infection (group iii). the colonization rate (17.85%) in the intensive care unit group was not significantly different from the rates seen in the two other groups. these results do not militate ...	1991	1750746
mycoplasma hominis infection of a breast prosthesis.		1991	1753125
[ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis in male urethritis].	we conducted a multi-center clinical study to evaluate the role of ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis in male urethritis. the incidence of each organism in first-voided urine samples of 160 male urethritis patients, including 28 with gonococcal and 126 with non-gonococcal urethritis, was investigated. u. urealyticum and m. hominis were isolated from 13.6% and 6.5%, respectively, of the urine samples, and the concentration of each mycoplasma exceeded 10(3) ccu/ml (color changing units/ ...	1991	1755423
detection of variable dna repeats in diverse eukaryotic microorganisms by a single set of polymerase chain reaction primers.	we cloned and sequenced a variable dna repeat from trichomonas vaginalis, a flagellated protozoan parasite. targeting of this repeat in the polymerase chain reaction resulted in complex and intense product patterns for a wide variety of eukaryotic microorganisms, including the pathogenic protozoan parasites t. vaginalis, giardia lamblia, leishmania donovani, three species of trypanosoma, and four species of acanthamoeba; the nonpathogenic protozoans, paramecium tetraurelia and tetrahymena thermo ...	1991	1757544
detection of mycoplasma hominis antibodies by three different techniques, application to women with pelvic inflammatory disease.	mycoplasma hominis, a mycoplasma potentially isolated from the genital tract of healthy women, seems to have some role in pelvic inflammatory diseases (pid). three serologic techniques were developed to detect antibodies to m. hominis: elisa (igg, igm), microimmunofluorescence (mif) and western blot. rabbit and human control sera were used to establish the standard assay conditions. elisa proved to be more sensitive but less specific than mif. cross-reactivity with antibodies to m. pneumoniae ex ...	1991	1759730
[identification of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in patients with sterility of tubal origin].	the peritoneal fluid of two groups of patients was cultivated; the first one was of 67 patients with tuboperitoneal problem; the second of 14 patients was the control; we founded mollicutes in 39% of the patients of the problem group and 28% of the control group. the correlation between laparoscopic aspects with the positive mollicutes cultures suggested the infection by mollicutes in the tubal cause of sterility.	1991	1765307
emergency cervical cerclage.	to assess the efficacy of emergency cervical cerclage.	1991	1777455
an indirect immunofluorescence method for detection of mycoplasma hominis in vaginal smears.	we developed a novel method for the detection of mycoplasma hominis from vaginal swabs using an indirect immunofluorescence technique. it is a rapid and simple method that can be finished in only 5 hr and is more sensitive than the usual culture isolation method. the indirect immunofluorescence method was applied to vaginal smears from 193 healthy women and 33.7% gave a positive test. this value was much higher than that (11.4%) obtained from the same specimens by the culture method. when vagina ...	1991	1779888
[preliminary serological survey on mycoplasma and chlamydia infection among gonorrhoea cases].	the antibodies to mycoplasma hominis (mh) and chlamydia trachomatis (ct) in 123 sera from the patients with gonorrhoea and 108 sera from the healthy persons control were detected with micro-indirect hemagglutination test. the results showed that the antibody to mh positive rate was 23.58%, gmt 1: 7.60, and to ct 72.35%, gmt 1: 8.71 in the patients. the differences of the antibody levels between the patients and the controls were significant. it was suggested that the urogenital infections caused ...	1991	1782655
induced abortion: microbiological screening and medical complications.	preoperative cervical screening of 1,193 women undergoing first-trimester induced abortions yielded chlamydia trachomatis in 11.7%, neisseria gonorrhoeae in 0.8%, mycoplasma hominis in 22.1%, ureaplasma urealyticum in 10.1%, herpes simplex virus in 0.9% and group b streptococci (gbs) in 2.9%. c. trachomatis and n. gonorrhoeae were especially frequent among teenagers. a total of 2.2% (26 women) developed postoperative pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) and 0.9% (13 women) endometritis. pid develop ...	1991	1800368
[age and sex distribution of sexually transmitted diseases in valladolid. a study of 5076 cases].	the age and sex distribution of 5,076 cases of s.t.d. dealt with between 1982 and 1988 at the dermatological dispensary of the territorial social welfare service in valladolid are studied. the maximum frequency of s.t.d. (24.1% of cases) corresponded to the age group between 21 and 25 years, which was also the period for maximum prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae (26.3%), gardnerella vaginalis (30.7%), candida albicans (27.4%) and acuminata condyloma (33.4%). syphilis (19.9%), chlamydia trachom ...	1991	1801185
[genital mycoplasma colonization in the female genital tract].	cervical or vaginal specimens obtained from 1,178 females at different physiologic periods of life were cultured for ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis. low recovery rates of u. urealyticum were obtained in the neonates (20/72, 27.8%) and puerperal (22/83, 26.5%) and postmenopausal (21/70, 30.0%) women. the highest incidence (114/157, 72.6%) was observed in pregnant women. it is suggested that the colonization of genital mycoplasma is associated with the hormonal status of the women.	1991	1804612
recovery of mycoplasma hominis from blood culture media.		1991	1811128
prostaglandin production by amnion and decidual cells in response to bacterial products.	media from bacterial cultures have been tested for actions on prostaglandin biosynthesis by human amnion and decidual cells. the bacterial species, which are commonly associated with intrauterine infections, were group b streptococcus, escherichia coli, fusobacterium nucleatum, bacteroides fragilis, gardnerella vaginalis, neisseria gonorrhea, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum. overall, low doses of bacterial products were stimulatory of amnion prostaglandin production, whereas high d ...	1991	1857723
[evaluation of the mycoscreen technique for the detection and quantification of genital mycoplasmas].	a total of 161 samples from genital sources were evaluated using two different methods for genital mycoplasma isolation: inoculation to urea broth, arginine broth and a7 solid media (standard method) and a new enzymatic method (mycoscreen oxoid). the isolation rates for ureaplasma urealitycum were 42% (standard method) and 49% (mycoscreen) (sensitivity: 100%; specificity: 88%). the isolation rates for mycoplasma hominis were 13% (standard method) and 14% (mycoscreen) (sensitivity: 80%; specifici ...	1991	1863619
newly documented antimicrobial activity of quinolones.	the improved antimicrobial activity of newer fluoroquinolones and novel applications recently found for the drugs already marketed are reviewed. several new compounds are more active against gram-positive bacteria than the presently marketed fluoroquinolones. win 57273, the most potent compound in vitro on a weight basis, is 16 to 128 times more active than ciprofloxacin against various staphylococci, streptococci, enterococcus spp., corynebacterium spp., listeria monocytogenes and bacillus spp. ...	1991	1864284
sequence and expression in escherichia coli of a mycoplasma hominis gene encoding elongation factor tu.	we describe the molecular cloning and the complete nucleotide (nt) sequence of a mycoplasma hominis gene common to a broad range of mycoplasma species, as defined by hybridization analysis with the cloned gene. production of m. hominis protein in escherichia coli was assayed by use of a monoclonal antibody. the nt sequence analysis revealed a 1194-bp open reading frame that could encode a 43 516-da protein. computer-aided sequence comparison indicated that the gene codes for elongation factor tu ...	1991	1864502
perinatal mycoplasmal infections.	maternal infections are known to play a major role in perinatal morbidity and mortality. ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis are sexually transmissible microorganisms associated with a number of pathologic conditions in the pregnant woman including chorioamnionitis and postpartum fever. they are rapidly gaining recognition as significant causes of perinatal infection, especially in infants born prematurely. this review summarizes current knowledge regarding the epidemiology, pathology, ...	1991	1879107
successive synovial mycoplasma hominis isolates exhibit apparent antigenic variation.	the expression of surface proteins by 14 successive mycoplasma hominis isolates obtained from the synovial fluid of a chronically infected septic arthritis patient was examined. marked differences in the expression of surface proteins, as determined by monoclonal antibodies raised against the first isolate, were observed. however, identical restriction patterns and virtually identical hybridization patterns with probes containing the conserved genes of the mycoplasma capricolum rrna operon and t ...	1991	1879948
[a case of postpartum fever caused by mycoplasma hominis infection].	a 26-year-old housewife was admitted to our hospital with a history of high fever after previous cesarean delivery. she had premature rupture of the membrane on the 41st week of pregnancy and the amniotic fluid was found to be cloudy on the fourth day after rupture. therefore, cesarean delivery was performed. on the first day of operation, her body temperature increased up to 38 degrees c in spite of the treatment with latamoxef (lmox), 3 g/day. a sample of intrauterine material yielded m. homin ...	1991	1880452
gonorrhea in women prostitutes: clinical data and auxotypes, serovars, plasmid contents of ppng, and susceptibility profiles.	eighty-nine women prostitutes who underwent clinical and microbiologic examination were found to have gonococcal infection. the median age was 22; 92.1% were from urban areas. nearly all the women prostitutes refrained from barrier methods (92.1%) and had contact with several partners (91.0%). the most frequent clinical findings were leukorrhea (50.6%), cervicitis (20.2%), and pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) (18.0%). eighty-one women prostitutes (93.1%) had experienced a previous std, with chl ...	1991	1902990
[mycoplasmas in the vaginal flora in colpitis].	the vaginal secretion of 194 women was subjected to bacteriological examination. the results of cultivation examinations were compared with mop examinations. the widest bacterial spectrum was recorded in mop ii. no differences were recorded as regards detection of lactobacilli and potentially pathogenic bacteria in mop i, ii and iii. the percentage of women with ureaplasma urealyticum was equal in case of mop i, ii and iii. mycoplasma hominis was isolated significantly more frequently in mop ii ...	1991	1913859
microbiological, epidemiological and clinical correlates of vaginal colonisation by mobiluncus species.	the microbiological and epidemiological correlates of vaginal colonisation by mobiluncus species were examined among randomly selected women attending a sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic. women positive for trichomonas vaginalis were excluded. mobiluncus spp. were detected by gram stained vaginal smear in 21% of 633 std clinic patients, including 53% of those with and 4% of those without bacterial vaginosis (bv), as diagnosed by clinical criteria. gardnerella vaginalis and mycoplasma hom ...	1991	1916772
in vitro susceptibilities of mycoplasma pneumoniae, mycoplasma hominis, and ureaplasma urealyticum to sparfloxacin and pd 127391.	the in vitro activities of two investigational quinolones, sparfloxacin (previously designated at 4140) and pd 127391, were determined for 30 strains each of mycoplasma pneumoniae, mycoplasma hominis, and ureaplasma urealyticum and compared with those of ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, clindamycin, and erythromycin. erythromycin was the most active compound against m. pneumoniae (maximum mic, less than 0.008 microgram/ml). pd 127391 (mics, less than 0.008 to 0.031 microgram/ml), sparfloxacin (mics, ...	1991	1929260
susceptibilities of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum to two new quinolones, sparfloxacin and win 57273.	mycoplasma hominis was highly susceptible to two new quinolones, with mics for 90% of isolates tested of 0.004 micrograms/ml for win 57273 and 0.063 micrograms/ml for sparfloxacin, which were activities much greater than the 1 microgram/ml found for ofloxacin and tetracycline. although ureaplasma urealyticum was less susceptible, the mics for 90% of isolates tested of 0.25 micrograms/ml for win 57273 and 0.5 micrograms/ml for sparfloxacin were four- to eightfold greater than those found for oflo ...	1991	1929320
recovery of mycoplasma hominis from blood culture media.	although several workers have demonstrated that mycoplasma hominis is responsible for 2 to 20% of cases of septicaemia, reports from britain do not support this premise--possibly because many of the blood culture systems used fail to sustain growth of this organism. previous work suggests that this is probably due to the inhibitory effects of sodium polyanethol sulphonate (liquoid) on m. hominis. in an extension of an in-vitro evaluation of blood culture systems, gelatin was shown to give some p ...	1991	1943535
the effect of ciprofloxacin and doxycycline plus metronidazole on lower genital tract flora in patients with proven pelvic inflammatory disease.	alterations in the lower genital tract flora were studied during antimicrobial treatment of 36 women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease (pid). sixteen women received ciprofloxacin, and 20 received doxycycline plus metronidazole. both regimes eradicated chlamydia trachomatis in all cases and neisseria gonorrhoeae in all except one in which combination treatment failed because of resistance of the organism to tetracycline. both regimes eradicated mycoplasma hominis in all cases, while ciproflo ...	1991	1953057
genital mycoplasmas in preterm infants: prevalence and clinical significance.	the genital mycoplasmas: ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis have recently assumed an increasing importance as neonatal pathogens. the aim of the present survey was to determine the prevalence of infections with these organisms in preterm infants in two neonatal intensive care units in israel. among 99 preterm infants, 24 (24%) harboured mycoplasmas in their throats shortly after birth. u. urealyticum was the most common organism. m. hominis was isolated only from 3 infants. six out of ...	1991	1959546
low incidence of positive amnionic fluid cultures in preterm labor at 27-32 weeks in the absence of clinical evidence of chorioamnionitis.	in order to determine the utility of amniocentesis for detecting subclinical chorioamnionitis in asymptomatic afebrile women in preterm labor with intact membranes, we enrolled 47 women between 27-32 weeks' gestation in a prospective study. after enrollment, 38 women fulfilled all clinical and laboratory criteria for the study; nine women were excluded because they had a leukocyte count exceeding 15,000/microl. none of the 38 asymptomatic afebrile women had a positive culture from the amnionic f ...	1991	1988886
the epidemiology of group b streptococcal colonization in pregnancy. vaginal infections and prematurity study group.	risk factors for cervicovaginal group b streptococcal colonization at 23-26 weeks' gestation were studied in 7742 women participating in the vaginal infections and prematurity study. the prevalence of group b streptococcus was 18.6%, and was greatest in (predominantly caribbean) hispanics from new york city, followed by blacks, whites, and other (predominantly mexican) hispanics. group b streptococcus was more common among older women and women of lower parity, and less common among women living ...	1991	2002986
antepartum cultures for ureaplasma urealyticum are not useful in predicting pregnancy outcome. the vaginal infections and prematurity study group.	to test the hypothesis that genital colonization with ureaplasma urealyticum would predict adverse pregnancy outcome, 4934 women from five medical centers were evaluated for vaginal colonization with u. urealyticum between 23 and 26 weeks' gestation and followed up to delivery. u. urealyticum colonization was associated with maternal age, parity, racial-ethnic group, martial status, income, education, smoking, number of sexual partners, and colonization with trichomonas vaginalis, mycoplasma hom ...	1991	2003532
use of the mycoplasma hominis 102-116 kd proteins as antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	mycoplasma hominis surface structures involved in human immune response and in the pathogenesis of this bacterial infection are inadequately defined. attempts have been made to identify m. hominis surface proteins, to determine the antigenicity of these polypeptides, and to examine antigens which could lead to the development of species-specific diagnostic tests. by means of western blotting, using a pool of sera from patients with culturally proven vaginal infection, most antigens recognized we ...	1991	2014008
chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum infections in women. prevalence, risks and management at a south african infertility clinic.	chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum infections not only jeopardize fertility but also pose a risk for infertility treatment and resulting pregnancies. routine screening tests or empirical antibiotic treatment of infertile couples may be justified by the prevalence of these organisms. we studied the wives in 40 consecutive infertile couples. monoclonal direct immunofluorescence (dif) for c trachomatis was performed on fixed smears from endocervical swabs. m homini ...	1991	2030488
prevalence of sexually transmitted pathogens among women attending a methadone clinic in israel.	to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted pathogens in drug-addicted women in tel aviv, israel.	1991	2032707
mycoplasma hominis wound infection following aortobifemoral bypass.		1991	2037094
identification of a mycoplasmal protein which binds immunoglobulins nonimmunologically.	immunoblotted protein samples from several strains of mycoplasma hominis and from one strain of mycoplasma arginini each contain a polypeptide of a molecular mass of 95,000 to 105,000 da which binds immunoglobulin nonimmunologically. immunoblots from these organisms were probed with alkaline phosphatase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin, conjugated goat immunoglobulin g (igg) fab fragments, and conjugated goat igg fc fragments. the polypeptide bound the goat anti-rabbit molecules and th ...	1991	2037376
isolation of mycoplasma hominis from peritoneal effluent of a capd patient.		1991	2049432
peritonitis due to mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in a liver transplant recipient.		1991	2060519
analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the mycoplasma hominis tuf gene and its flanking region.	a gene from mycoplasma hominis pg21 similar to the tuf gene encoding the elongation factor tu (ef-tu) of escherichia coli was cloned and sequenced. the 1193-bp open reading frame flanked by a putative promoter and a potential stem-and-loop structure encoded a 44-kda polypeptide. the tuf gene of m. hominis pg21 has the lowest g + c content seen in prokaryotes (38.2%). a gene (mhlmp1) encoding a variable surface exposed membrane protein (lmp1) was found downstream the 3' end of the tuf gene. it wa ...	1991	2060757
[value and limitations of the research of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in gastric fluid in newborn infants].	mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum were cultured and counted in the gastric fluid of 153 neonates divided into three groups: 28 preterm neonates managed in an intensive care unit (group i); 83 full term neonates with suspected infection (group ii); and 42 full term neonates with not evidence of infection (group iii). the colonization rate (17.85%) in the intensive care unit group was not significantly different from the rates seem in the two other groups. these results do not militate ...	1991	2062554
[infections by mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealytycum in vaginal discharge. incidence and treatment].	this report summarizes the studies carried out on 100 patients who were examined for vaginal discharge. the following observations were made: mycoplasma hominis in 13.59% of the cases, ureaplasma urealytycum in 8.73% of the cases, that is, the presence of at least one of these microorganisms in 22.32 of the cases. all these infections were treated by tetracyclines administered in appropriate doses.	1991	2068483
the in vitro activity of some 14-, 15- and 16- membered macrolides against staphylococcus spp., legionella spp., mycoplasma spp. and ureaplasma urealyticum.	erythromycin is a macrolide antimicrobial chemically comprised of a 14-membered lactone ring substituted with a neutral (cladinose) and an amino (desosamine) sugar. recently, a number of new macrolide molecules have been identified containing either 14-, 15- or 16-membered substituted lactone rings. in this study the authors have determined the in vitro activity of roxithromycin and clarithromycin (both 14-membered macrolides), azithromycin (a 15-membered macrolide or azalide) and midecamycin ac ...	1991	1650694
incidence of nonbacterial intraamniotic infections in abnormal pregnancies.	amniotic fluids from 41 abnormal and 47 control pregnancies were examined for viruses, chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis. abnormal pregnancies included those with fetal abnormalities, maternal complications, suspected chorioamnionitis and premature labor. two percent of cultures were positive, including cytomegalovirus from one case of fetal growth retardation and u urealyticum from two patients with chorioamnionitis and from two controls. the abnormal pregnanc ...	1991	1662719
fluoroquinolones for the treatment of nongonococcal urethritis/cervicitis.	approximately 50% of cases of nongonococcal urethritis reported among men are caused by chlamydia trachomatis. other pathogens implicated in the bacterial etiology of nongonococcal urethritis that occur independently or concurrently with gonorrhea include ureaplasma urealyticum and species of mycoplasma, including mycoplasma hominis. the etiology of up to half of the cases, however, remains uncertain. historically, c. trachomatis genital infections have been difficult to diagnose because of the ...	1991	1662887
temafloxacin: an overview.	temafloxacin (6-fluoro-7-piperazino-4-quinolone) is a new fluoroquinolone with a 7-8 hour half-life and rapid gastrointestinal absorption. these characteristics make it an ideal antimicrobial for once- or twice-daily oral dosing. with the exception of the central nervous system (cns), temafloxacin has excellent tissue and body fluid penetration and concentration. temafloxacin has broad antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including improved in vitro activity a ...	1991	1662889
in vitro activity of temafloxacin against pathogens causing sexually transmitted diseases.	the fluoroquinolones represent a new therapeutic alternative for the treatment of many sexually transmitted diseases, especially those caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis, and urea-plasma urealyticum. in vitro studies have demonstrated the 90% minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic90s) of temafloxacin for these pathogens to be less than 0.03 micrograms/ml for n. gonorrhoeae; 0.25 micrograms/ml for c. trachomatis; 0.125-2 micrograms/ml for m. hominis; and 4 ...	1991	1662891
monoclonal antibodies to surface antigens of a pathogenic mycoplasma hominis strain.	three monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were prepared against an arthritogenic strain of mycoplasma hominis isolated from the joint aspirates of a patient with chronic septic arthritis. immunoblots of polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresed proteins before and after surface proteolysis showed that the predominant antigenic determinants were on surface-exposed polypeptides. these polypeptides have extensive hydrophobic characteristics, as demonstrated by triton x-114 phase partitioning. the electrophoresed ...	1991	1708355