Publications

ocular histopathology of ehrlichial infections in the dog.	histologic examination of eyes and brains of 27 dogs experimentally infected with either ehrlichia canis, e. ewingii, e. chaffeensis, or human granulocytic ehrlichia (hge) was conducted in the course of several experiments, the primary objectives of which were to investigate the susceptibility of the domestic dog to infection with various ehrlichial species and to assess the ability of ixodid tick species to acquire and transmit those infections. uveitis and meningitis occurred in each of the do ...	2001	11199163
analysis of transcriptionally active gene clusters of major outer membrane protein multigene family in ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis.	ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis are tick-borne obligatory intramonocytic ehrlichiae that cause febrile systemic illness in humans and dogs, respectively. the current study analyzed the pleomorphic multigene family encoding approximately 30-kda major outer membrane proteins (omps) of e. canis and e. chaffeensis. upstream from seca and downstream of hypothetical transcriptional regulator, 22 paralogs of the omp gene family were found to be tandemly arranged except for one or two genes with oppo ...	2001	11254561
assessing the association between the geographic distribution of deer ticks and seropositivity rates to various tick-transmitted disease organisms in dogs.	to determine whether the geographic distribution of deer ticks (ixodes scapularis) was associated with the distribution of dogs seropositive for various tick-transmitted disease organisms (ie, borrelia burgdorferi, rickettsia rickettsii, the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis [hge] agent, ehrlichia canis, and bartonella vinsonii subsp berkhoffii).	2001	11318358
seroprevalence of ehrlichia canis antibodies among dogs in turkey.		2001	11400989
dna gyrase-mediated natural resistance to fluoroquinolones in ehrlichia spp.	fluoroquinolone susceptibility heterogeneity between various ehrlichia species has been previously demonstrated. in gram-negative bacteria, resistance to fluoroquinolones most often corresponds to specific amino acid variations in a portion of the protein sequence of the a subunit of dna gyrase (gyra), referred to as the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr). we suspected a similar mechanism to be responsible for natural resistance in some ehrlichia species. to verify this hypothesis, w ...	2001	11408229
antibodies to selected canine pathogens and infestation with intestinal helminths in golden jackals (canis aureus) in israel.	blood and fecal samples, collected from 46 healthy adult free-ranging golden jackals captured in two different locations in israel, were examined. a serological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of circulating antibodies reacting with four common canine pathogens: canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus (cpv), ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum. faecal flotation and haematological tests were also performed. the seroprevalence of cpv, e. canis, cdv, and l. infantum we ...	2001	11409931
phylogenetic relationships of anaplasma marginale and 'ehrlichia platys' to other ehrlichia species determined by groel amino acid sequences.	the heat-shock protein (groel) genes of anaplasma marginale, ehrlichia muris and 'ehrlichia platys' were sequenced and compared with the groel of other species of ehrlichia. the groel amino acid sequences of a. marginale and 'e. platys' were most similar to the groel sequence of ehrlichia phagocytophila, with which they formed one group with 6-10% divergence. the e. muris groel was most closely related to the groel of two unclassified strains (hf-565 and anan), then to ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehr ...	2001	11414267
recombinant major antigenic protein 2 of ehrlichia canis: a potential diagnostic tool.	the major antigenic protein 2 (map2) of ehrlichia canis was cloned and expressed. the recombinant protein was characterized and tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) format for potential application in the serodiagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. the recombinant protein, which contained a c-terminal polyhistidine tag, had a molecular mass of approximately 26 kda. the antigen was clearly identified by western immunoblotting using antihistidine antibody and immune serum fro ...	2001	11427559
dynamics of igg1 and igg2 subclass response in dogs naturally and experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis.	immunoglobulin (ig) g subclasses were measured in dogs naturally and experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (elisa). in this study, a higher igg2 subclass response was noticed to natural and experimental e. canis infection in dogs. anti-e. canis-igg2 optic density (od) values were found to be significantly higher than anti-e. canis-igg1 during the different phases of the disease, and no differences in the igg subclass responses to e. canis infection ...	2001	11445156
first confirmed canine case of ehrlichia canis infection in japan.	an 11-year-old castrated pekinese dog that had been moved from indonesia to japan eight years previously was diagnosed with an ehrlichia canis infection by haematological characteristics (normocytic anaemia, mild thrombocytopenia and hypergammaglobulinaemia) and serological findings (antibody titre to e canis 1:3,200 or more). the dog did not respond to treatment with tetracycline and died from renal failure. the diagnosis was confirmed postmortem by pathological evaluation and polymerase chain ...	2001	11467609
the pharmacokinetics of a long-acting oxytetracycline formulation in healthy dogs and in dogs infected with ehrlichia canis.	the pharmacokinetic properties of oxytetracycline were studied following a single injection of a long-acting formulation (20 mg/kg body weight) into the semimembranosus muscle of healthy dogs and of dogs that had been experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis. the disposition curves of the long-acting oxytetracycline formulation before and after infection were best described by a bi-exponential decline after a first-order absorption. the mean maximum serum concentration (cmax) following infec ...	2001	11469510
molecular and antigenic comparison of ehrlichia canis isolates from dogs, ticks, and a human in venezuela.	we previously culture isolated a strain of ehrlichia canis, the causative agent of canine ehrlichiosis, from a human in venezuela. in the present study, we examined whether dogs and ticks are infected with e. canis in venezuela and, if so, whether this is the same strain as the human isolate. pcr analysis using e. canis-specific primers revealed that 17 of the 55 dog blood samples (31%) and all three pools of four rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks each were positive. an ehrlichial agent (venezuelan ...	2001	11473993
detection of ehrlichial infection by pcr in dogs from yamaguchi and okinawa prefectures, japan.	species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect the presence of possible canine ehrlichial agents (ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, e. equi and e. platys) and monocytic ehrlichial agents found in japan (e. muris and a recently discovered ehrlichia species detected from ixodes ovatus) in blood samples from dogs in yamaguchi and okinawa prefecture, japan. partial sequence of e. platys was detected from 1 of 67 dogs (1.5%) tested from yamaguchi prefecture and ...	2001	11503912
citrate synthase gene sequence: a new tool for phylogenetic analysis and identification of ehrlichia.	the sequence of the citrate synthase gene (glta) of 13 ehrlichial species (ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia muris, an ehrlichia species recently detected from ixodes ovatus, cowdria ruminantium, ehrlichia phagocytophila, ehrlichia equi, the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis [hge] agent, anaplasma marginale, anaplasma centrale, ehrlichia sennetsu, ehrlichia risticii, and neorickettsia helminthoeca) have been determined by degenerate pcr and the genome walker method. the ehrlichial ...	2001	11526124
transcriptional analysis of p30 major outer membrane multigene family of ehrlichia canis in dogs, ticks, and cell culture at different temperatures.	ehrlichia canis, an obligatory intracellular bacterium of monocytes and macrophages, causes canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. e. canis immunodominant 30-kda major outer membrane proteins are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family consisting of more than 20 paralogs. in the present study, we analyzed the mrna expression of 14 paralogs in experimentally infected dogs and rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks by reverse transcription-pcr using gene-specific primers followed by southern blotting. eleven ou ...	2001	11553557
aortic valve endocarditis in a dog due to bartonella clarridgeiae.	we report the first documented case of endocarditis associated with bartonella clarridgeiae in any species. b. clarridgeiae was identified as a possible etiological agent of human cat scratch disease. infective vegetative valvular aortic endocarditis was diagnosed in a 2.5-year-old male neutered boxer. historically, the dog had been diagnosed with a systolic murmur at 16 months of age and underwent balloon valvuloplasty for severe valvular aortic stenosis. six months later, the dog was brought t ...	2001	11574571
serologic and molecular evidence of coinfection with multiple vector-borne pathogens in dogs from thailand.	forty-nine dogs from thailand were evaluated for serologic evidence of exposure or polymerase chain reaction (pcr) evidence of infection with vectorborne pathogens, including ehrlichia sp. (ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia equi, and ehrlichia risticii), bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffi (bvb), spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae (rickettsia rickettsii), typhus group (tg) rickettsiae (rickettsia canada, rickettsia prowazekii, and rickettsia typhi), and babesia sp. (babesia c ...	2001	11596732
serological survey for ehrlichia canis in urban dogs from the major population centres of northern australia.	to detect evidence of ehrlichia canis infection of dogs from the major population centres of northern australia, if present.	2001	11599818
presence of immune-complexes, and absence of antinuclear antibodies, in sera of dogs naturally and experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis.	antinuclear antibodies (ana), immunoglobulin g (igg) concentrations and circulating immune-complexes (cic) were measured, over a period of 3 years, in 6 dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis, and in 10 dogs naturally infected with the rickettsia. no ana were detected in any of the samples tested. the igg concentrations were shown to be higher in the infected dogs when compared to the control dogs. cic were detected in 2 of 10 naturally and 2 of 6 experimentally infected dogs, during ...	2001	11600268
identification of a p28 gene in ehrlichia ewingii: evaluation of gene for use as a target for a species-specific pcr diagnostic assay.	pcr was used to amplify a 537-bp region of an ehrlichia ewingii gene encoding a homologue of the 28-kda major antigenic protein (p28) of ehrlichia chaffeensis. the e. ewingii p28 gene homologue was amplified from dna extracted from whole blood obtained from four humans and one canine with confirmed cases of infection. sequencing of the pcr products (505 bp) revealed a partial gene with homology to outer membrane protein genes from ehrlichia and cowdria spp.: p30 of ehrlichia canis (< or =71.3%), ...	2001	11682500
novel ehrlichia genotype detected in dogs in south africa.	dna samples from dogs presenting with symptoms suggestive of canine ehrlichiosis, but with no morulae detected on blood smears, frequently failed to give a positive reaction with a north american ehrlichia canis-specific pcr assay targeting the 16s rrna gene. we suspected the presence of a pathogen genetically different from north american e. canis, and we performed experiments to test this hypothesis. dna from one canine blood sample was subjected to pcr with primers designed to amplify ehrlich ...	2001	11682562
cultivation of ehrlichia canis in a continuous balb/c mouse macrophage cell culture line.	this report describes the successful adaptation of the israeli isolate of ehrlichia canis on a continuous mouse macrophage cell line (j774.a1). successful infection of the j774.ai cells was first judged by the direct immunofluorescence antibody test using an anti-e. canis-igg:fitc conjugate. a particular property of infected j774.a1 cells was the ability to reestablish after harvesting of the monolayer by scaping. infected cells were used as antigen for immunofluorescence antibody tests (ifa), a ...	2001	11724145
detection and identification of spotted fever group rickettsiae and ehrlichiae in african ticks.	rickettsia africae, a recently identified pathogen, was detected for the first time in amblyomma ticks from niger, mali, burundi, and sudan, and "r. mongolotimonae" was identified for the first time in africa. rickettsiae of unknown pathogenicity and two new ehrlichiae of the ehrlichia canis group were identified in ticks from mali and niger.	2001	11747731
canine distemper infections, with special reference to south africa, with a review of the literature.	canine distemper virus is a member of the genus morbillivirus of the family paramyxoviridae that causes severe disease in dogs and a range of wild mammals. the clinical signs relate essentially to the respiratory, gastrointestinal and central nervous systems. in south africa, infection with ehrlichia canis and canine parvovirus may present similarly many dogs will initially present with a wide range of central nervous system signs without any history of systemic disease. a recent south african s ...	2001	11811699
hepatozoon canis infection associated with dog ticks of rural areas of rio de janeiro state, brazil.	hepatozoon canis is a tick-borne protozoan that infects dogs and has been reported throughout the world. manifestation of h. canis infection varies from being sub-clinical in apparently healthy dogs to severe illness. the main vector of the infection is the dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus although other species may also transmit this agent. h. canis has been reported previously in brazil, but mostly as an occasional finding during laboratory exams and always associated with other diseases. th ...	2001	11113545
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies to ebola and marburg viruses using recombinant nucleoproteins.	the full-length nucleoprotein (np) of ebola virus (ebo) was expressed as a his-tagged recombinant protein (his-ebo-np) by a baculovirus system. carboxy-terminal halves of nps of ebo and marburg virus (mbg) were expressed as glutathione s-transferase-tagged recombinant proteins in an escherichia coli system. the antigenic regions on the nps of ebo and mbg were determined by both western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to be located on the c-terminal halves. the c-terminal 1 ...	2001	11136739
coinfection with three ehrlichia species in dogs from thailand and venezuela with emphasis on consideration of 16s ribosomal dna secondary structure.	as part of a larger study to investigate tick-borne infections in dogs from thailand and venezuela, documentation of coinfection with three ehrlichia species in two dogs, one from each country, became the focus of the present study. although neither dog had clinical signs attributable to ehrlichiosis, both dogs were anemic and neutropenic and the thai dog was thrombocytopenic. genus- and species-specific pcr targeting the 16s rrna genes indicated that both dogs were coinfected with ehrlichia can ...	2001	11136754
immunodiagnosis of ehrlichia canis infection with recombinant proteins.	ehrlichia canis causes a potentially fatal rickettsial disease of dogs that requires rapid and accurate diagnosis in order to initiate appropriate therapy leading to a favorable prognosis. we recently reported the cloning of two immunoreactive e. canis proteins, p28 and p140, that were applicable for serodiagnosis of the disease. in the present study we cloned a new immunoreactive e. canis surface protein gene of 1,170 bp, which encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 42.6 kda (p43) ...	2001	11136790
significance of serological testing for ehrlichial diseases in dogs with special emphasis on the diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichia canis.	dogs are susceptible to a number of ehrlichial diseases. among them, canine monocytic ehrlichiosis is an important and potentially fatal disease of dogs caused by the rickettsia ehrlichia canis. diagnosis of the disease relies heavily on the detection of antibodies and is usually carried out using the indirect immunofluoresence antibody (ifa) test. the ifa test may be confounded by cross-reactivities between a number of the canine ehrlichial pathogens. this article presents a review of the ehrli ...	2001	11163693
[incidence and seroprevalence of canine ehrlichiosis in the medjez el bab region (northwestern tunisia during 1994, 1995 and 1996].	a sero-epidemiological survey, realized in the medjez el bab region (north-west of tunisia), has concerned 180 dogs which status has been determined during the study. the animals were identified, then underwent an annual blood sampling during three successive years, in order to search for antibodies against e. canis and e. chaffeensis by indirect immunofluorescence. the results show that, in all sero-positive dogs, the levels of antibodies against e. canis were higher than those against e. chaff ...	2001	14658238
the molecular basis of the hepatic microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase system.		2001	1850300
consultant contract.		2001	87759
[mucous nasosinus melanoma. apropos of a case].	the mucous melanoma is a rare affection which has a very poor prognosis by its difficult diagnosis and unsatisfactory treatment. we have a patient with mucous melanoma nasal, which has been studied (clinic evolution, diagnosis and treatment) in our hospital.	2001	2631901
peripheral nerve hamartoma with macrodactyly in the hand: report of three cases and review of the literature.	two patients with hamartomas of the median nerve and one with hamartoma of the ulnar nerve associated with macrodactyly are described. nineteen similar cases of this association have been found in the literature. there is evidence that these two conditions are part of a localized regional growth disturbance. this type of macrodactyly should be differentiated from neurofibromatosis.	2001	98554
effect of radiotherapy on the neutrophil and the lymphocyte enzymatic equipment and serum immunoglobulins in patients with cancer of the larynx.	in 30 patients with cancer of the larynx, aged 40 to 70 years, treated by radiotherapy 6 to 9 years ago the decreased activity of neutrophil beta-glucuronidase and n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase accompanied by a decrease of absolute count of enzyme-positive cells was noted. numbers of acid phosphatase-positive neutrophils were also decreased. moderate increase of the neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity and of numbers of enzyme-positive cells was another observed feature. the main finding in ...	2001	88387
use of prostaglandin e1 in infants with d-transposition of the great arteries and intact ventricular septum.	prostaglandin e1 was used to treat five infants with d-transposition of the great arteries and intact ventricular septum who had persistent severe hypoxemia after the creation of an interatrial communication. three infants had a dramatic improvement in systemic arterial oxygen saturation associated with dilation of the ductus arteriosus; in two of the three cases urgent surgery was avoided. two infants had no clinical evidence of increased ductal shunting and no improvement in oxygen saturation. ...	2001	88172
evaluation and treatment of non-seminomatous testicular tumors: a practical approach.		2001	88117
performance of home blood-glucose meters.		2001	87914
sequence homology within families of drosophila melanogaster middle repetitive dna.		2001	98260
changing trends in surgery for acute cholecystitis.		2001	1891945
sleep patterns in kleine-levin syndrome.	diurnal and nocturnal sleep records were obtained from a male and a female with kleine-levin syndrome, during excessive daytime sleep attacks and while they were asymptomatic. a common pattern of abnormal sleep was seen in both patients even during the asymptomatic period. the female, aflicted with a severe form of periodic hypersomnia, showed nocturnal and diurnal sleep onset rem periods. the different pattern of sleep abnormality in the female could be an expression of the severity of her symp ...	2001	90606
food allergy and migraine.		2001	88593
deranged anterior pituitary responsiveness to hypothalamic hormones in depressed patients.	abnormal anterior pituitary (ap) responsiveness to acute administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh) and luteinizing hormone-follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (lh-rh) was investigated in 14 patients (two men and 12 women) suffering from primary affective disorders. in ten, trh, 500 microgram given intravenously, induced a rise in plasma growth hormone (gh) level, while in eight patients it induced a rise in plasma levels of fsh or lh or both. when lh-rh, 150 microgram was ...	2001	100079
[calicial diverticulum].	the authors present a series of five cases of calicial diverticuli with important radiological diameters, an entity which is not frequently described in literature. they analyse the symptoms which, because they do not posses characteristics of their own, correspond instead to the clinical picture of their complications. the radiological study is the basis of the diagnosis, when the diverticular cavity is refilled late, when the contrast of the same is drained slowly and when there is a communica ...	2001	100064
an outbreak of hepatitis attributable to inoculation with contaminated gamma globulin.		2001	88240
immunoperoxidase technics in diagnostic pathology. report of a workshop sponsored by the national cancer institute.		2001	88175
acute non-a, non-b hepatitis: specific ultrastructural alterations in endoplasmic reticulum of infected hepatocytes.		2001	87721
on not outgrowing the toenail.		2001	87685
osteomyelosclerosis. a histopathological study of osteomedullary lesions on 32 cases.	the pathological features of the osteomyleoproliferative syndrome development were studied by trephine biopsy on 32 cases out of which 28, lesionally characterized by myeloproliferation, reticulin hyperplasia, intravascular hematopoiesis, myelofibrosis, myeloslerosis, and osteosclerosis, were interpreted as primary osteomyelosclerosis. dynamic relationships between the myelogenous tissue and the osteogenous one are emphasized in the development of disease.	2002	127935
[dermatologic procedures from the viewpoint of the carrier of mandantory accident insurance].		2002	127761
comments on references to the american board of psychiatry and neurology in an article.		2002	3369584
mechanism of calcium transport in sarcoplasmic reticulum.		2002	130819
the number of monocytes in mice as a reflection of their condition and capacity to react to an inflammatory stimulus.		2002	153401
primary mesenteric venous occlusive disease.	primary mesenteric venous occlusive disease is a highly lethal disease. the only way to improve survival is early diagnosis and immediate laparotomy. the disease occurs in the older age group with a higher incidence in women and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of serious abdominal distress. the most helpful diagnostic tests are paracentesis and peritoneoscopy, but above all, the most important diagnostic tool is a high index of suspicion on the part of the examining physician.	2002	128143
ehrlichiosis in cats.		2002	12465758
molecular evidence supporting ehrlichia canis-like infection in cats.	currently, the pathogenic role of ehrlichia canis in cats has been proposed predominantly on the basis of the serologic evidence of natural infection and the infrequent detection of morulae-like structures within the cytoplasm of leukocytes in cats. the purpose of this report was to provide molecular evidence supporting e. canis-like infection in 3 cats that had clinical manifestations consistent with canine ehrlichiosis but lacked antibodies to e. canis antigens. serum from all 3 cats contained ...	2002	12465759
detection of ehrlichia canis in canine carrier blood and in individual experimentally infected ticks with a p30-based pcr assay.	detection of vector-borne pathogens is necessary for investigation of their association with vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. the ability to detect ehrlichia spp. within individual experimentally infected ticks would be valuable for studies to evaluate the relative competence of different vector species and transmission scenarios. the purpose of this study was to develop a sensitive pcr assay based on oligonucleotide sequences from the unique ehrlichia canis gene, p30, to facilitate studies th ...	2002	11825969
development and application of quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay based on the abi 7700 system (taqman) for detection and quantification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.	numerous reports have described diagnostic methods based on the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) used to detect mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the causative agent of johne's disease. the result of conventional pcr tests has been only qualitative, either positive or negative; it does not present any quantitative information about the number of the agents in the specimen. a quantitative pcr method (is900 taqman) was developed to measure the number of m. a. paratuberculosis organisms p ...	2002	11939333
identification and functional analysis of an immunoreactive dsba-like thio-disulfide oxidoreductase of ehrlichia spp.	novel homologous dsba-like disulfide bond formation (dsb) proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis were identified which restored dsba activity in complemented escherichia coli dsba mutants. recombinant ehrlichia dsb (edsb) proteins were recognized by sera from e. canis-infected dogs but not from e. chaffeensis-infected patients. the edsb proteins were observed primarily in the periplasm of e. chaffeensis and e. canis.	2002	11953415
comparison of three enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays with the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test for the diagnosis of canine infection with ehrlichia canis.	the aim of this study was to compare three different enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (recombinant major antigenic protein 2 (rmap2)-elisa, the immunocomb (biogal, israel) and the snap 3dx assay (idexx laboratories inc., usa)) with the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test in detecting anti-ehrlichia canis immunoglobulin-g (igg) antibodies. samples tested were collected from dogs suspected to be naturally infected with e. canis and from experimentally infected dogs. when qualitative results ...	2002	11955786
causes of uveitis in dogs: 102 cases (1989-2000).	uveitis is one of the most common ocular diseases and one of the most common causes of blindness in dogs. the purpose of this retrospective study was to correlate the signalment, history, clinical signs and ophthalmic findings of dogs with uveitis with the underlying etiology. we conducted a retrospective study of 102 dogs presented to the ncsu-vth from 1989 to 2000 with clinical signs of uveitis. medical records of dogs presented for uveitis were reviewed. dogs were included in the study only i ...	2002	12071865
monitoring c-reactive protein in beagle dogs experimentally inoculated with ehrlichia canis.	the concentrations of c-reactive proteins (crp) in the plasma of five beagle dogs experimentally inoculated with ehrlichia canis increased markedly. the concentrations began to increase between 4 and 16 days and peaked between 15 and 42 days after inoculation of e. canis. the peak concentrations ranged from 217.8 to 788.8 microg/ml (452.6 +/- 228.1 sd). after the peak, the concentrations of crp decreased rapidly. the pcr product of 16s rrna of e. canis became detectable in the five dogs between ...	2002	12090289
comparison of serological detection methods for diagnosis of ehrlichia canis infections in dogs.	we determined the value of four serological assays for the diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis by comparing them to the indirect fluorescent-antibody assay "gold standard." the specificity of dip-s-ticks was significantly lower than that of all of the other tests evaluated. the sensitivity of dip-s-ticks was significantly higher than that of snap3dx or the snap canine combo. the sensitivity of the rmap2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was significantly higher than that of the sn ...	2002	12202605
differential serological testing by simultaneous indirect immunofluorescent antibody test in canine leishmaniosis and ehrlichiosis.	a mixed indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat), based on cultured promastigotes leishmania infantum and formol-inactivated suspension of cells infected with the bacteria ehrlichia canis, was applied to make a differential diagnosis between canine ehrlichiosis and leishmaniosis. a titre greater than 80 was considered positive for antibodies to e. canis and suggestive of antibodies to l. infantum. positive sera were titrated subsequently by serial dilutions to confirm antibodies positive to le ...	2002	12423931
utility of an in-office c6 elisa test kit for determination of infection status of dogs naturally exposed to borrelia burgdorferi.	serologic evaluation for the diagnosis of lyme disease has been confounded by several factors, including a high prevalence of clinically normal dogs testing seropositive, persistence of antibodies, and the introduction of vaccines that will induce antibodies detectable by immunofluorescent antibody assay, whole-cell elisa, and western blot assay. the utility of a commercially available in-office test kit (snap 3dx, idexx laboratories) for the simultaneous detection of borrelia burgdorferi and eh ...	2002	12447839
evaluation of cytology in the diagnosis of acute canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (ehrlichia canis): a comparison between five methods.	the purpose of this study was the comparison of the diagnostic sensitivity between buffy coat (bc), peripheral blood (pb), lymph node (ln), bone marrow (bm) and short-term culture (p-d) cytology that has been based on the detection of ehrlichia canis morulae, in the acute phase of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme). their cellular localization, total numbers and microscopic differentials were also investigated. the highest sensitivities were achieved after evaluating 1000 oil immersion fields ( ...	2003	12458168
sequence and expression analysis of virb9 of the type iv secretion system of ehrlichia canis strains in ticks, dogs, and cultured cells.	ehrlichia canis virb9 was cloned and expressed. the sequences of virb9 from six geographic locations were identical. virb9 was transcribed by e. canis in dogs, ticks, and cell culture. infected dogs had antibodies to recombinant virb9, indicating that virb9 was produced by e. canis in dogs and was antigenic.	2003	14500531
portal vein and aortic thromboses in a siberian husky with ehrlichiosis and hypothyroidism.	a six-year-old, neutered male siberian husky was presented for euthanasia for end-stage liver disease. examination of the dog raised questions regarding the severity of the condition. it had presented to the referring veterinarian with polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss. blood tests at that time revealed elevated liver enzymes and hypoalbuminaemia. cirrhosis was presumptively diagnosed, based on an ultrasound examination, which showed ascites with a normal liver. the dog had a history of hypot ...	2003	14510331
down-regulation of mhc class ii receptors of dh82 cells, following infection with ehrlichia canis.	in order to evaluate whether infection with e. canis alters the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i and/or mhc class ii receptors, and by doing so alters the immune response to the organism, flow cytometry was performed on dh82 cells infected with ehrlichia canis (90% infection) and on uninfected dh82 cells of the same passage, using anti-canine mhc class i and ii antibodies. mhc class ii expression was evident in 47.6 and 46.2% (mean 46.9%) of uninfected dh82 cells usin ...	2003	14592737
[renal amyloidosis caused by ehrlichia canis].	an 8 year old, intact female, old english sheepdog was presented with lethargy and chronic weight loss of one year duration. the dog suffered from recurrent fever and a mild peripheral lymphadenopathy. mild thrombocytopenia, monoclonal hyperglobulinemia and positive ehrlichia canis antibody titer were indicative of ehrlichiosis. the patient developed proteinuria and renal failure, which suggested the presence of glomerulopathy. immunohistochemical staining of renal biopsy specimen demonstrated a ...	2003	14593934
isolation of bartonella washoensis from a dog with mitral valve endocarditis.	we report the first documented case of bartonella washoensis bacteremia in a dog with mitral valve endocarditis. b. washoensis was isolated in 1995 from a human patient with cardiac disease. the main reservoir species appears to be ground squirrels (spermophilus beecheyi) in the western united states. based on echocardiographic findings, a diagnosis of infective vegetative valvular mitral endocarditis was made in a spayed 12-year-old female doberman pinscher. a year prior to presentation, the re ...	2003	14605197
ehrlichiosis in anemic, thrombocytopenic, or tick-infested dogs from a hospital population in south brazil.	ehrlichia canis has a worldwide distribution, but clinical manifestations may vary geographically. we selected 129 dogs to determine prevalence of ehrlichiosis in dogs with anemia, thrombocytopenia, or ticks presented to a veterinary teaching hospital in south brazil. of the 129 dogs, 68 carried the brown dog tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus), 61 had thrombocytopenia (platelet count <150,000/microl), and 19 had anemia (pcv < 22%). twenty dogs fulfilled more than one inclusion criteria. ehrlichiosi ...	2003	14637030
new diseases and increased risk of diseases in companion animals and horses due to transport.	dogs and horses are transported within the european union for a number of reasons. the transport per se may cause physical problems, exemplified by hyperthermia in dogs and pleuropneumonia in horses, and the stress may reactivate latent infections such as canine herpesvirus-1 and equine herpesvirus-1. preventive treatments are vital to protect dogs from ticks and mosquitoes transmitting their potentially lethal infectious agents, such as leishmania donovani infantum, babesia canis, ehrlichia can ...	2003	16429803
systematic review of the distribution of the major vector-borne parasitic infections in dogs and cats in europe.	on the basis of a systematic review of the literature, this paper provides the first evidence-based maps of the distribution of the major vector-borne parasitic infections of dogs and cats in europe. from an initial survey of 894 publications, data from 268 were analysed, summarised and collated. prevalence data were used to calculate the force of infection to provide distribution and incidence maps for canine infections with leishmania infantum, dirofilaria immitis, dirofilaria repens, babesia ...	2003	12572938
transcriptional analysis of p30 major outer membrane protein genes of ehrlichia canis in naturally infected ticks and sequence analysis of p30-10 of e canis from diverse geographic regions.	rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks transmit ehrlichia canis, the etiologic agent of canine ehrlichiosis. in experimentally infected ticks, only p30-10 transcript was detected among 22 p30 paralogs encoding immunodominant major outer membrane p30 proteins of e. canis. the present study revealed transcription of p30-10 by e. canis in naturally infected ticks and sequence conservation of p30-10 genes for e. canis from diverse geographic regions.	2003	12574308
assay of fipronil efficacy to prevent canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in endemic areas.	our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of fipronil for the prevention of ehrlichia canis transmission to dogs by rhipicephalus sanguineus in two endemic areas situated in africa (dakar and djibouti). we carried out controlled trials in kennels for 1 year on 248 dogs, mainly police dogs and military working dogs. eight groups were studied in a multi-centre study. fifty five fipronil treated dogs were located in two separated kennels (g3, 37 dogs in djibouti and g8, 18 dogs in dakar). g1 (66 d ...	2003	12581587
review of exotic infectious diseases in small animals entering the united kingdom from abroad diagnosed by pcr.		2003	12622289
diagnosis of canine lymphoid neoplasia using clonal rearrangements of antigen receptor genes.	although the diagnosis of canine leukemia and lymphoma in advanced stages is usually uncomplicated, some presentations of the disease can be a diagnostic challenge. in certain situations, lymphoma and leukemia can be difficult to distinguish from a benign reactive proliferation of lymphocytes. because clonality is the hallmark of malignancy, we have developed an assay that uses the polymerase chain reaction to amplify the variable regions of immunoglobulin genes and t-cell receptor genes to dete ...	2003	12627711
[serologic evidence for human ehrlichiosis in chile].	ehrlichiosis is a non contagious infectious disease, mainly transmitted by thick bites. in 1998, this infection was detected in dogs, for the first time, in chile.	2003	12643221
cloning and characterization of an ehrlichia canis gene encoding a protein localized to the morula membrane.	a gene encoding a 23.5-kda ehrlichial morula membrane protein designated mmpa was cloned by screening an ehrlichia canis expression library with convalescent dog sera, which resulted in three positive clones. sequence analysis of the insert dnas from all three clones indicated an open reading frame with a size of 666 bp that encodes mmpa. the structural analysis of mmpa indicated that it is a transmembrane protein with extreme hydrophobicity. southern blot analysis of the hindiii-digested chromo ...	2003	12654844
kinetics of antibody response to ehrlichia canis immunoreactive proteins.	immunoreactive proteins of ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia chaffeensis that have been characterized include a family of 28-kda major outer membrane proteins (p28) and two large antigenically divergent surface glycoprotein orthologs. we previously demonstrated that recombinant e. canis p28 and the 140- and 200-kda glycoproteins gp140 and gp200, respectively, react strongly with serum antibodies from suspect canine ehrlichiosis cases that were positive for e. canis by immunofluorescent antibody test ...	2003	12704123
rna polymerase beta-subunit-based phylogeny of ehrlichia spp., anaplasma spp., neorickettsia spp. and wolbachia pipientis.	sequence analysis of rpob, the gene encoding the beta-subunit of rna polymerase, was used in a phylogenetic investigation of nine species from the genera ehrlichia, neorickettsia, wolbachia and anaplasma. the complete nucleotide sequences obtained for anaplasma phagocytophilum (hge agent), ehrlichia chaffeensis, neorickettsia sennetsu, neorickettsia risticii, anaplasma marginale and wolbachia pipientis were amongst the longest rpob sequences in genbank and ranged from 4074 bp for n. sennetsu to ...	2003	12710612
serologic prevalence of dirofilaria immitis, ehrlichia canis, and borrelia burgdorferi infections in brazil.	dogs infected with dirofilaria immitis, ehrlichia canis, or borrelia burgdorferi may show nonspecific clinical signs or may be asymptomatic. in brazil, e. canis and d. immitis infections are frequently diagnosed based on the presence of classical signs; however, serologic tests are seldom performed to confirm the presence of infection. to estimate the seroprevalence of these three canine diseases in brazil, 2,553 dogs presented at veterinary practices for various tests, routine treatments, or ex ...	2003	12756637
cloning and characterization of putative zinc protease genes of ehrlichia canis.	a putative zinc protease gene operon from ehrlichia canis was cloned and sequenced. a genomic library was constructed in a phg165 plasmid vector using sau3a partially digested e. canis chromosomal dna. sequence analysis of the insert dna from this clone indicated two open reading frames with a size of 1314 and 1350 bp that encodes for proa and prob, respectively. based on blast analyses, proa and prob share 20-30% identities with members of the eukaryotic mitochondrial processing peptidase (mpp) ...	2003	12825352
characterization of the major antigenic protein 2 of ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia chaffeensis and its application for serodiagnosis of ehrlichiosis.	canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, caused by ehrlichia canis or ehrlichia chaffeensis, can result in clinical disease in naturally infected animals. coinfections with these agents may be common in certain areas of endemicity. currently, a species-specific method for serological diagnosis of monocytic ehrlichiosis is not available. previously, we developed two indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) using the major antigenic protein 2 (map2) of e. chaffeensis and e. canis. in this study, ...	2003	12853379
novel immunoreactive glycoprotein orthologs of ehrlichia spp.	we previously identified a strongly immunoreactive 43 kda protein (p43) of ehrlichia canis. as an immunodiagnostic antigen, the p43 had a 96% accuracy as compared with ifa and provided species-specific diagnosis of e. canis infections. further investigation has revealed that the e. canis p43 represents the n-terminal portion of the largest immunoreactive protein described in ehrlichia spp. with a predicted molecular mass of 153 kda. analysis of the recombinant n-terminal region (p43) of the p153 ...	2003	12860706
analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences of ehrlichia canis, anaplasma platys, and wolbachia species from canine blood in japan.	in the present study, three canine blood samples from japan, that were suspected to be ehrlichia positive were examined. after sequencing the 16s rrna genes, each dog was found to be infected either with ehrlichia canis (kagoshima 1), anaplasma platys (okinawa 1), or wolbachia sp. (okinawa 2). phylogenic analysis was performed on these sequences. the nearly entire 16s rrna sequence of kagoshima 1 was found to be most similar to the sequences from oklahoma and venezuela e. canis strains (1 base p ...	2003	12860708
large granular lymphocytosis, lymphocyte subset inversion, thrombocytopenia, dysproteinemia, and positive ehrlichia serology in a dog.	a 7-year-old, mixed-breed dog was presented for evaluation of a possible lymphocytic leukemia. results of laboratory testing included thrombocytopenia, large granular lymphocytosis, inverted cd4:cd8 ratio, hyperglobulinemia, and hypoalbuminemia. results of a tick-borne disease panel indicated a positive immunoglobulin g serum titer (1:2,048) to ehrlichia canis, supporting exposure to this organism. the dog responded to a combination treatment of doxycycline and prednisone. a review of the litera ...	2003	12873028
the immunologic response of dogs to bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii antigens: as assessed by western immunoblot analysis.	bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii is a recently recognized zoonotic pathogen that causes endocarditis, granulomatous rhinitis, and granulomatous lymphadenitis in dogs. isolation of b. vinsonii (berkhoffii) from blood or tissue samples is frequently unsuccessful; therefore, diagnosis is primarily dependent on serologic or molecular testing modalities. because previous canine serologic studies have used an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa), without western immunoblot (wi) confirmatio ...	2003	12918816
identification of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma and ehrlichia species, and spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks from southeastern europe.	prevalence data for tick-borne pathogens are used to assess the risk for human health. in this study the presence and identity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, ehrlichia, anaplasma, and rickettsia species in bulgarian ixodes ricinus ticks and in non- ixodes ticks from turkey and albania was determined by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and reverse line blot hybridization. in the adult bulgarian ticks, the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection was approximately 40%, while bor ...	2003	12938010
epidemiological survey of anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis using ticks collected from dogs in japan.	detection of anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis in ticks recovered from dogs in japan was attempted using a species-specific nested pcr based on the 16s rrna gene. a total of 1211 ticks recovered from 1211 dogs from all over japan were examined for a. platys and e. canis. four tick samples from fukushima, miyazaki and kagoshima prefectures recovered from four different dogs showed a positive reaction for a. platys. although the four dogs did not show any clinical signs and no blood examination ...	2003	12944048
molecular detection of anaplasma platys in dogs using polymerase chain reaction and reverse line blot hybridization.	several polymerase chain reactions (pcrs) and a reverse line blot hybridization (rlb) method were used to identify anaplasma platys in dogs held in a kennel in italy. whereas pcr techniques confirmed the presence of a. platys, the rlb method not only correlated the results obtained by pcr but also ruled out the presence of other species such as ehrlichia canis or e. chaffeensis. there was no correlation between infection status and age or breed of the dogs. polymerase chain reaction performed on ...	2003	14667015
[mucoviscidosis].		2003	254352
lysis of thrombus in internal carotid artery in the neck. report of a case.	a case report is presented demonstrating spontaneous lysis of clot in the internal carotid artery in the neck with surgical and angiographic documentation. the possible factors promoting thrombus formation and lysis are discussed. spontaneous lysis of a carotid thrombus occurred in 72 hours.	2003	207105
paramagnetic anisotropy and zero-field splitting in tetraphenylporphyrinatoiron (iii) chloride.		2003	193882
[diagnostic possibilities of laparoscopy with particular consideration of the gastrointestinal organs].		2003	149713
[characteristics of the state of the circulatory and respiratory systems during work with a varying degree of physical strain in mountain inhabitants of the tien shan].		2003	149043
[magnification technique in peripheral angiography (author's transl)].	fourteen exactly similar conventional and magnified serial angiograms were compared and the advantages and disadvantages of magnification angiography are discussed. particular attention was paid to exact comparability of the series in order to make the analysis valid. in three patients small end-vessels and collaterals were visible on the magnification angiogram which could not be seen on the ordinary series even in retrospect. macro-angiography was also valuable in cases of microsurgery, both b ...	2003	143425
[angiotomography of supratentorial brain tumors].		2003	207124
effects of potassium azide on soil microbial populations and soil enzymatic activities.	preplant applications of potassium azide (kn3) to pine nursery beds were evaluated for effect on the soil microflora and on soil enzyme activity where either plastic-sealing or water-sealing techniques were used. two weeks after incorporation of azide (0-224 kg/hs), soil samplings revealed reduced populations of bacteria and fungi and a corresponding decline in invertase and amylase activities. these effects were proportionate to the amount of azide used and were more pronounced in plastic-seale ...	2003	164268