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[study of clinical strains of microorganisms in a scanning electron microscope].the authors present an available method for preparing bacterial cells for examination in a scanning electron microscope. the method has been tried with clinical strains of s. aureus, p. aeruginosa, acinetobacter calcoaceticus v. anitratus. morphologic features of various types of microorganisms are described.19892470972
[evaluation of the effectiveness of disinfectants used in several neapolitan hospitals].among the various and complex aspects concerning the etiology of nosocomial infections, a relevant role is played by the indiscriminate and incorrect use of disinfectants: they may change paradoxically from devices used for nosocomial infection prevention into carriers of infections. critical situations are: a) inadequate cleaning of the container; b) inaccurate concentrations set up; c) use of unsterilized water as a diluent; d) introduction of gauze or cotton flocks into the container; e) disi ...19892483631
[control of infection in the odontostomatologic field. possibility of decontamination of critical surfaces].after a brief description of the sources and procedures of transmission of infections in the odontostomatological field, the authors illustrate the degree of contamination of a range of surfaces presented by odontological instruments. this is followed by a description of the possibility of a disinfecting treatment using two products one based on iodoform and the other on quaternary ammonium. prior to this disinfection treatment, the surfaces examined presented a level of microbial contamination ...19892483897
[evaluation of sen-sir, a new microsystem for the identification and determination of bacterial sensitivity].the use of semiautomatic methods for identification and study of bacterial sensitivity to antimicrobials is increasingly widespread in clinical microbiology. in the present study, the evaluation of a new micromethod (sen-sir, bbl) for the identification and determination of bacterial sensitivity is reported. 115 clinical isolates of enterobacteria, 10 strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus and 57 gram positive cocci, previously identified as belonging to the geni staphylococcus and streptococcus ...19892490681
[evaluation of the treatment with oral ciprofloxacin: experience with 24 patients].we have evaluated the clinical effectiveness and possible side effects of oral ciprofloxacin therapy in 24 patients (11 females and 13 males). two episodes from overall 25 infections were excluded of clinical and microbiological evaluation but were assessed regarding possible side effects. in most patients, the clinical condition was stable at the beginning of therapy. only 3 patients had nonfatal diseases. seventeen episodes were urinary tract infections (four of them with concomitant bacteremi ...19892490722
[antibiotic resistance of gram-negative bacteria isolated at a hospital intensive care unit].the antibiotic sensitivity of gram-negative facultatively pathogenic bacteria isolated between 1982-1986 in the respiratory intensive care unit of the 3rd department of pediatry of the "lászló" hospital (budapest) has been studied. pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella, acinetobacter calcoaceticus and acinetobacter lwoffii were most frequently isolated both from the clinical samples (total 56.9%) and in samples obtained from hospital-hygienic check-examinations. 70-100% of the individual species wa ...19892498804
in vitro activity of fleroxacin and 6 other antimicrobials against acinetobacter anitratus.the in vitro activity of the 4-quinolone compound fleroxacin (ro-23-6240) was compared with that of enoxacin, ofloxacin, cefepime (bmy-28142), ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and tobramycin against a total of 30 recent clinical isolates of acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratum. susceptibility testing (mic50/mic90) was performed by a microtiter broth dilution method and the combination effect of ceftriaxone plus tobramycin was studied by checkerboard titration in microtiter trays. fleroxacin inh ...19892507235
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of bo-1341, a new antipseudomonal cephalosporin.bo-1341, a new antipseudomonal semisynthetic cephalosporin, was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities in comparison with ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone. the in vitro activity of bo-1341 was generally superior or comparable to the activities of the reference antibiotics against clinical isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae. bo-1341 was highly active against pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic for 90% of the strains tested, 1.56 micrograms/ml), pseudomonas maltophilia ...19892510590
[hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties of microorganisms under various culturing conditions].the index of hydrophobicity and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties of seven microbial cultures were determined by studying their adhesion to n-hexadecane. the index of hydrophobicity was shown to be a stable characteristic of a culture grown in media with different carbon sources. as was found for escherichia coli k-12 and acinetobacter calcoaceticus k-9 whose hydrophobicity indicates were quite different, the character of cell hydration was virtually independent of the growth phase and did ...19892511395
[nosocomial infections caused by acinetobacter. epidemiology and therapeutic difficulties].nosocomial infections due to acinetobacter calcoaceticus are not easy to treat particularly in intensive-care and surgical units. our study included 33 cases of nosocomial infections which developed during 1987 in the surgical intensive care unit and in the urology department. acinetobacter was isolated from various types of nosocomial infections: urinary tract infections (43 per cent); septicaemia (15 per cent); surgical infections (27 per cent) and respiratory tract infections (15 per cent). f ...19892521935
acinetobacter calcoaceticus genes involved in biosynthesis of the coenzyme pyrrolo-quinoline-quinone: nucleotide sequence and expression in escherichia coli k-12.synthesis of the coenzyme pyrrolo-quinoline-quinone (pqq) from acinetobacter calcoaceticus requires the products of at least four different genes. in this paper we present the nucleotide sequence of a 5,085-base-pair dna fragment containing these four genes. within the dna fragment three reading frames are present, coding for proteins of mr 10,800, 29,700, and 43,600 and corresponding to three of the pqq genes. in the dna region where the fourth pqq gene was mapped the largest possible reading f ...19892536663
aminoglycoside-o-phosphotransferase (aph (3'')) activity in a clinical isolate of acinetobacter calcoaceticus.an isolate of acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus containing an aminoglycoside-aminocyclitol antibiotic-modifying enzyme, which phosphorylates streptomycin at the 3" position, is described. the enzyme, aph(3"), was identified on the basis of its substrate specificity; in particular, its ability to phosphorylate streptomycin but not streptidine.19892538930
purification and antimicrobial properties of three defensins from rat neutrophils.three cysteine-rich cationic peptides, designated ratnp-1, ratnp-3, and ratnp-4, were purified from an acid extract of rat polymorphonuclear neutrophils, sequenced, and tested for antimicrobial activity. the peptides ranged from 29 to 32 amino acids in length (mr, 3,252 to 3,825), and each contained all eight invariantly conserved "framework" residues that are characteristic of defensins. each of the peptides killed escherichia coli ml-35, acinetobacter calcoaceticus hon-1, staphylococcus aureus ...19892543629
selection of glucose-assimilating variants of acinetobacter calcoaceticus lmd 79.41 in chemostat culture.glucose metabolism has been studied in two strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus. strain lmd 82.3, was able to grow on glucose and possessed glucose dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.99.17). glucose oxidation by whole cells was stimulated by pqq, the prosthetic group of glucose dehydrogenase. pqq not only increased the rate of glucose oxidation and gluconic acid production but also shortened the lag phase for growth on glucose. strain lmd 79.41 also possessed glucose dehydrogenase but was unable to grow on ...19892545167
cloning and expression in escherichia coli of an esterase-coding gene from the oil-degrading bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus rag-1.a putative esterase gene (est) from acinetobacter calcoaceticus rag-1 has been cloned into escherichia coli. esterase-positive clones exhibited high levels of esterase activity even in intact cells. in addition, expression of the est gene conferred on e. coli the ability to grow on simple triglycerides such as triacetin (tac). the original esterase-positive plasmid pra17 carried a 2.2-kb insert from a partial mboi digest of rag-1 dna, which gave a single band with rag-1 dna following southern hy ...19892545531
purification of cytochrome p-450 from n-hexadecane-grown acinetobacter calcoaceticus.a convenient procedure for the purification of cytochrome p-450 from an n-alkane-assimilating strain of the bacterial species acinetobacter calcoaceticus has been elaborated. the cytochrome p-450 of n-hexadecane-grown cells was found to be distributed in cell-free extracts among particulate and soluble subcellular fractions. for isolation, cytochrome p-450 was extracted from particulate fractions by addition of triton x-100 to the buffer. subsequently, purification to an apparently homogeneous s ...19892546537
physiological significance and bioenergetic aspects of glucose dehydrogenase.the regulation of the pqq-linked glucose dehydrogenase in different organisms is reviewed. it is concluded that this enzyme functions as an auxiliary energy-generating mechanism, because it is maximally synthesized under conditions of energy stress. it is now definitively established that the oxidation of glucose to gluconate generates metabolically useful energy. the magnitude of the contribution of the oxidation of glucose to gluconate via this enzyme to the growth yield of organisms such as a ...19892549864
quinoprotein d-glucose dehydrogenases in acinetobacter calcoaceticus lmd 79.41: purification and characterization of the membrane-bound enzyme distinct from the soluble enzyme.acinetobacter calcoaceticus is known to contain soluble and membrane-bound quinoprotein d-glucose dehydrogenases while other oxidative bacteria such as pseudomonas or gluconobacter contain only membrane-bound enzyme. the two different forms were believed to be the same enzyme or interconvertible. present results show that the two different forms of glucose dehydrogenase are distinct from each other in their enzymatic and immunological properties as well as in their molecular size. the soluble an ...19892549865
genes involved in the biosynthesis of pqq from acinetobacter calcoaceticus.from a gene bank of the acinetobacter calcoaceticus genome a plasmid was isolated that complements four different classes of pqq- mutants. subclones of this plasmid revealed that the four corresponding pqq genes are located on a fragment of 5 kilobases. the nucleotide sequence of this 5 kb fragment was determined and by means of tn5 insertion mutants the reading frames of the pqq genes could be identified. three of the pqq genes code for proteins of mr 29700 (gene i), mr 10800 (gene ii) and mr 4 ...19892549866
reversible thermal inactivation of the quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus. ca2+ ions are necessary for re-activation.the soluble form of the homogeneous quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus is reversibly inactivated at temperatures above 35 degrees c. an equilibrium is established between active and denatured enzyme, this depending on the protein concentration and the inactivation temperature used. upon thermal inactivation the enzyme dissociates into the prosthetic group pyrroloquinoline quinone and the apo form of glucose dehydrogenase. after inactivation at 50 degrees c active ...19892549970
use of low-frequency-cleavage restriction endonucleases for dna analysis in epidemiological investigations of nosocomial bacterial infections.epidemiological investigations of bacterial infections are generally based on multiple phenotypic markers that are often difficult to verify. a more general and reliable method is genomic dna analysis by restriction endonucleases. however, the commonly used endonucleases produce too many fragments for correct separation by agarose electrophoresis. in contrast, simple electrophoretic patterns are obtained after genomic dna digestion by low-frequency-cleavage restriction endonucleases and pulsed-f ...19892550517
quinoprotein d-glucose dehydrogenase of the acinetobacter calcoaceticus respiratory chain: membrane-bound and soluble forms are different molecular species.acinetobacter calcoaceticus is known to contain soluble and membrane-bound quinoprotein d-glucose dehydrogenases, while other oxidative bacteria contain the membrane-bound enzyme exclusively. the two forms of glucose dehydrogenase were believed to be the same enzyme or interconvertible forms. previously, matsushita et al. [(1988) fems microbiol. lett 55, 53-58] showed that the two enzymes are different with respect to enzymatic and immunological properties, as well as molecular weight. in the pr ...19892551369
in vitro activity of at-4140 against clinical bacterial isolates.the activity of at-4140, a new fluoroquinolone, was evaluated against a wide range of clinical bacterial isolates and compared with those of existing analogs. at-4140 had a broad spectrum and a potent activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including legionella spp. and bacteroides fragilis. the activity of at-4140 against gram-positive and -negative cocci, including acinetobacter calcoaceticus, was higher than those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin. its activity again ...19892558617
acinetobacter calcoaceticus biovar anitratus septicaemia in a neonatal intensive care unit: epidemiology and control.nineteen neonates with septicaemia caused by acinetobacter calcoaceticus biovar anitratus were treated in a neonatal intensive care unit between october, 1983 and march, 1986. the ages of the patients at the onset of septicaemia ranged from 4 to 22 days (mean 9.7 days). their birth weights ranged from 1000 g to 3350 g (mean 1790 g) and were less than 2000 g in 14 patients. antibiotics had been administered to 17 of the 19 neonates before the onset of septicaemia, and all mature infants had recei ...19892570098
frequency of plasmids in strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus.plasmids were found in 75 out of 93 clinical isolates of acinetobacter calcoaceticus. the strains harboured up to 20 plasmids each, with two-thirds containing two or more. most plasmids were smaller than 15 md. strains of a. iwoffi contained more plasmids than a. anitratus. plasmid analysis may be an easy and valuable tool in the epidemiology of a. calcoaceticus, especially in conjunction with other typing methods.19892570099
epidemic iatrogenic acinetobacter spp. meningitis following administration of intrathecal methotrexate.we report the first outbreak of acinetobacter species meningitis in a group of children with acute leukaemia following the administration of intrathecal chemotherapy. eight of twenty patients receiving methotrexate injections on a single day developed signs and symptoms of meningitis within 18 h of treatment, and cases were clustered by time of administration. a cohort study comparing case and non-case patients did not identify any specific host factor associated with meningitis. acinetobacter c ...19892575105
an outbreak of acinetobacter septicaemia in a neonatal intensive care unit.we describe an outbreak of gram-negative septicaemia due to a rare, non-fermenting, aerobic organism, acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. lwoffi. the outbreak occurred on a neonatal unit and was confined to babies who were receiving parenteral nutrition. seven babies developed septicaemia within 24 hours. the source of the outbreak was never firmly established, but contamination of the parenteral nutrition fluid was considered most likely. all 7 babies recovered uneventfully after a week's course o ...19892575636
[a membrane-bound alanine aminopeptidase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus. 1. isolation and purification of the enzyme].the alanine aminopeptidase of acinetobacter calcoaceticus was found to be bound to the inner membranes only. the enzyme was solubilized by triton x-100 and purified approximately 480-fold by gel filtration and affinity chromatography on alanine methyl ketone-ah-sepharose 4b. the purified alanine aminopeptidase has a molecular mass of 212 kda, estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme selectively catalyses the hydrolysis of n-terminal alanine residues of p ...19892575904
[a membrane-bound alanine aminopeptidase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus. 2. substrate specificity of the enzyme].the substrate specificity of the membrane-bound alanine aminopeptidase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus was investigated with a series of substituted amides of alpha-amino acids. in contrast to mammalian aap forms, the rate of hydrolysis of the aap from acinetobacter calcoaceticus is higher using 4-nitranilide than 2-naphthylamide substrates. the enzyme affinity is very high for alanine substrates and decreases in the series of the amide substituents, from methyl coumarylamides, 4-nitranilides, ...19892575905
nosocomial infections due to acinetobacter calcoaceticus.fifty four isolates of acinetobacter calcoaceticus were studied in a period of 6 months. maximum isolates were from burns cases and environmental sampling from burns ward also grew the same organism, indicating their role as nosocomial pathogen. acinetobacter may initially be mistaken for neisseria species. as the organisms show multidrug resistance to commonly used antibiotics their correct identification is important.19892585331
[acinetobacter calcoaceticus as a cause of infection in wounds and burns].over the period from january 1985 to july 1986 2038 samples of the patients with open wounds and burns, treated in the military medical academy in belgrade, were tested. acinetobacter calcoaceticus was found in 152 samples (7.45%). the sensitivity to standard hemotherapeutics for gram-negative bacteria was assessed. results indicated that acinetobacter calcoaceticus showed a high resistance to all hemotherapeutics used in this investigation. even if it was a opportunistic pathogen bacterium its ...19892595461
purification and characterization of benzaldehyde dehydrogenase i from acinetobacter calcoaceticus.benzaldehyde dehydrogenase i was purified from acinetobacter calcoaceticus by deae-sephacel, phenyl-sepharose and f.p.l.c. gel-filtration chromatography. the enzyme was homogeneous and completely free from the isofunctional enzyme benzaldehyde dehydrogenase ii, as judged by denaturing and non-denaturing polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. the subunit mr value was 56,000 (determined by sds/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis). estimations of the native mr value by gel-filtration chromatography gav ...19892597133
lipopolysaccharide-protein interactions: determination of dissociation constants by affinity electrophoresis.an affinity electrophoresis system is described to allow determination of dissociation constants of lipopolysaccharide (lps)-protein complexes. the lps ligand is incorporated into polyacrylamide gels by addition to the polyacrylamide-n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide polymerization mixture. quantitative evaluation revealed formation of immobile protein-ligand complexes. the method was applied both to r- and s-form lps from acinetobacter calcoaceticus. for a heat-modifiable outer membrane protein with ...19892612487
antimicrobial activity of dactimicin in vitro compared with that of dibekacin, netilmicin, sisomicin and micronomicin.antimicrobial activity of dactimicin, a pseudo-disaccharide aminoglycoside antibiotic, was compared with those of dibekacin, netilmicin, sisomicin and micronomicin using clinical isolates of four gram-positive and sixteen gram-negative bacteria. dactimicin was more active than the reference amino-glycosides against serratia marcescens, especially gentamicin-resistant serratia sp., proteus vulgaris, p. rettgeri and klebsiella oxytoca, but less active against pseudomonas aeruginosa and p. mirabili ...19892632214
a clinical evaluation of sulbactam/ampicillin in the treatment of pediatric infections.we have treated 42 episodes of pediatric infections with sulbactam/ampicillin since 1987. included were 9 cellulitis, 9 urinary tract infections, 5 cervical lymphadenitis, 4 meningitis, 2 thoracic empyema, 2 osteomyelitis, 2 sepsis, 1 furuncle, 1 perianal abscess, 1 dental abscess, 1 peritonsillitis, 1 salmonellosis, 1 shigellosis, 1 peritonitis, 1 suppurative thyroiditis, 1 infective endocarditis. responsible pathogens were escherichia coli in 8, staphylococcus aureus in 6, hemophilus influenza ...19892637593
extracellular product of nocardia amarae induces bacterial cell flocculation.the fact that nocardia amarae yk1 produced a bacterial flocculation-inducing substance (designated as fix) was discovered. fix had a function of flocculating proliferous cells. fix-induced flocculation was inhibited by making cells resting, but not completely by adding chloramphenicol. fix worked widely on gram-positive to -negative bacteria. in the presence of fix, achromobacter cycloclastus iam1013, acinetobacter calcoaceticus iam1517, bacillus subtilis iam1069, escherichia coli c600-1, e. col ...19892653957
therapeutic efficacy of the combination of aztreonam with cefotaxime in the treatment of severe nosocomial pneumonia. comparative study against amikacin combined with cefotaxime.the combination aztreonam + cefotaxime (az + ce) was compared to amikacin + cefotaxime (am + ce) in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia acquired at the intensive-care unit. this study included a total of 33 patients fulfilling criteria for nosocomial pneumonia. 16 of them were randomly allocated to the az + ce group and 17 to the am + ce group. the empirical treatment was effective for 78% of az + ce cases and 92% of am + ce cases (p = ns). clinical care was observed in 77% of cases (10 out of ...19892659289
cloning of a carbofuran hydrolase gene from achromobacter sp. strain wm111 and its expression in gram-negative bacteria.a 14-kilobase-pair (kbp) ecori dna fragment that encodes an enzyme capable of rapid hydrolysis of n-methylcarbamate insecticides (carbofuran hydrolase) was cloned from carbofuran-degrading achromobacter sp. strain wm111. when used to probe southern blots containing plasmid and total dnas from wm111, this 14-kbp fragment hybridized strongly to a 14-kbp ecori fragment from the greater than 100-kbp plasmid harbored by this strain but weakly to ecori-digested total dna from achromobacter sp. strain ...19892661544
[susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents. a study mainly focused on ofloxacin (the second report). reported by the research group for testing ofloxacin susceptibility on clinical isolates].susceptibilities of various clinical isolates to ofloxacin (oflx) and other antibacterial drugs were examined at 128 hospital laboratories in 36 prefectures throughout japan between april, 1986 and march, 1987. the results were totalized with an emphasis mainly on oflx and were compared with data obtained in the previous year. in this study, identification and susceptibility tests of the isolates were carried out at each hospital laboratory and the tests were performed according to the 1-dilutio ...19892664255
[the effect of thiocyanate on bacterial plasmids using the plasmid screening test].a plasmid screening test (alkaline lysis and agarose gel electrophoresis) was used to assess the effect of thiocyanate on the plasmid replication on two bacterial strains with plasmids of different size, klebsiella pneumoniae and acinetobacter calcoaceticus. at concentrations physiologic for mammals (5-50 mg scn-/l) no effect on the replication of extrachromosomal dna was noted. this reaffirms the concept that a physiologic anion may be responsible for biological regulatory processes but will no ...19892665338
cloning, characterization and dna sequencing of the gene encoding the mr 50,000 quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus.recently we described the cloning of the gene coding for a mr 87,000 glucose dehydrogenase (gdh-a) from acinetobacter calcoaceticus. in this report we describe the cloning of a gene coding for a second gdh (gdh-b) with a mr of 50,000 from the same organism. this gene was isolated using a 20-mer synthetic oligonucleotide, derived from the n-terminal amino acid sequence of purified gdh-b as a probe to screen a genomic bank. from the dna sequence of the gdhb gene, a protein can be derived of mr 52, ...19892671663
cloning of the genes encoding the two different glucose dehydrogenases from acinetobacter calcoaceticus.glucose dehydrogenase (gdh) is a pqq dependent bacterial enzyme which converts aldoses to their corresponding acids. a. calcoaceticus contains two different pqq dependent glucose dehydrogenases designated gdh-a which is active in vivo and gdh-b of which only in vitro activity can be shown. we cloned the genes coding for the two gdh enzymes. the dna sequences of both gdh genes were determined. there is no obvious homology between gdha and gdhb. both gdh enzymes oxidize d-glucose in vitro but disa ...19892673030
firefly luciferase as a reporter enzyme for measuring gene expression in vegetative and symbiotic rhizobium meliloti and other gram-negative bacteria.a dna segment carrying a cdna copy of the luciferase gene (luc) of the north american firefly photinus pyralis, fused to the lambda pr promoter and expressed in escherichia coli [de wet et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 82 (1985) 7870-7873], was inserted into a broad-host-range plasmid vector and established in a variety of gram-negative bacteria. luciferase activity, expressed from the lambda pr promoter, was detected in both intact cells and extracts prepared from cells of strains of rhizobiu ...19892680767
intravenous sulbactam/ampicillin in the treatment of pediatric infections.a total of 82 patients involving 83 episodes of proven or presumed bacterial infection were treated with sulbactam/ampicillin. these included 36 cases of soft tissue infection or abscess, four cases of joint or bone infection, 20 cases of respiratory tract infection (17 cases of pneumonia, two of otitis media, and one of tonsillitis), 15 urinary tract infections, three cases of enterocolitis, one case of infective endocarditis, two cases of septicemia, and two of peritonitis. the causative patho ...19892686918
a comparative evaluation of oral ofloxacin versus intravenous cefotaxime therapy for serious skin and skin structure infections.in a single-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial, 100 successive patients were enrolled with serious skin and soft-tissue infections, whose illnesses had precipitated an initial hospital admission or an extension of inpatient care. there were 93 evaluable patients who received either ofloxacin, 400 mg orally every 12 hours plus an intravenously administered placebo every eight hours, or cefotaxime, 2.0 g intravenously every eight hours plus an orally administered placebo every 12 hours. th ...19892690621
[identification and localization of exopeptidase activities bound to membranes of acinetobacter calcoaceticus].after gel filtration the supernatant of triton x-100 treated membrane sediments of acinetobacter calcoaceticus shows activities for alanyl aminopeptidase, leucyl aminopeptidase, glutamyl aminopeptidase, prolyl aminopeptidase, aminopeptidase my, gamma-glutamyl arylamidase, dipeptidylpeptidase iv and prolyl carboxypeptidase. the intracellular localization of the enzymes was analyzed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation of the dnase/rnase pretreated membrane sediments. most of the exopeptidas ...19892695071
characterization of a periplasmic insulin-cleaving metalloproteinase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus.in acinetobacter calcoaceticus, a gram-negative bacterial species, a soluble insulin-degrading proteinase, located in the periplasm as well as in the cytosol, could be established. the periplasmic and cytosolic enzymes agree in their inhibition pattern, ph-optimum and molecular weight. the insulin-degrading enzyme of acinetobacter calcoaceticus resembles the corresponding proteinases of escherichia coli. it is a metalloproteinase with a ph-optimum in the neutral range and can be reactivated by d ...19892695074
multiple forms of carboxylesterase activity in acinetobacter calcoaceticus.a carboxylesterase activity (e.c.3.1.1) was found in all four strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus tested. the activity was present in both 2 x 10(4) gav h-1 supernatant and bacterial wall-membrane fractions. the activity in the supernatant was in two molecular weight forms, the predominant form with a mr of about 10(3) k and a minor form mr approximately 600 k. the activity was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. sds-page showed that in a. calcoaceticus ncib 8250 the activity was comp ...19892721925
a seven year survey of antibiotic susceptibility and its relationship with usage.bacterial susceptibilities to 14 antibiotics of 7385 clinical isolates, belonging to six species of gram-negative bacilli, were analysed during seven years (1980-86). the recovery of serratia marcescens, acinetobacter calcoaceticus and pseudomonas aeruginosa increased while their sensitivity to antibiotics decreased significantly, especially to aminoglycosides and tetracycline. there were significant correlations between increase in antibiotic use and decrease in susceptibility. there was a stri ...19892732126
control of an epidemic spread of a multi-resistant strain of acinetobacter calcoaceticus in a hospital.the spread of a multi-resistant glucose-acidifying acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain in a community hospital was studied. after admission of a colonized patient to the hospital the strain was found in clinical specimens from icu patients and subsequently from several of these patients after transfer to medical wards. environmental specimens from the icu and medical wards were analysed in order to investigate the mode of spread of the strain. isolates of a. calcoaceticus were screened by their a ...19892738220
effects of growth rate and oxygen tension on glucose dehydrogenase activity in acinetobacter calcoaceticus lmd 79.41.the regulation of the synthesis of the quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.99.17) has been studied in acinetobacter calcoaceticus lmd 79.41, an organism able to oxidize glucose to gluconic acid, but unable to grow on both compounds. glucose dehydrogenase was synthesized constitutively in both batch and carbon-limited chemostat cultures on a variety of substrates. in acetate-limited chemostat cultures glucose dehydrogenase levels and the glucose-oxidizing capacity of whole cells were depen ...19892742367
interactions between lipopolysaccharide and outer membrane proteins of acinetobacter calcoaceticus studied by an affinity electrophoresis system.r-form lipopolysaccharides of acinetobacter calcoaceticus could be incorporated into polyacrylamide gels in an immobile form by adding it directly to the acrylamide-n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide polymerization mixture. the separation of a. calcoaceticus 69 v outer membrane proteins in these affinity gels demonstrated a specific interaction with the lipopolysaccharide ligand for one of the proteins. this protein is heat-modifiable and has an mr of about 18,000. by incorporation of varying concentra ...19892743966
laboratory investigation of hospital outbreak caused by two different multiresistant acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratus strains.during a 7-month period, from december 1986 to june 1987, multiresistant strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratus were isolated from 25 patients in a respiratory intensive care unit. the biochemical characteristics defined two groups of strains, group 1 (14 strains) and group 2 (11 strains). both groups had the same biochemical characteristics, but group 2 strains could assimilate adipate and phenyl acetate. moreover, of 16 antibiotics tested only netilmicin and imipenem had some ...19892745682
[nosocomial infections at the university hospital of caracas].over a period of one year at the university hospital of caracas, a program of epidemiological surveillance was carried out on nosocomial infections. a total of 1556 cases were identified in 913 hospitalized patients. the incidence of nosocomial infections was 74 cases per 1000 hospital discharges. cutaneous, surgical wound, lower respiratory and urinary tract infections were the most frequently identified. the intensive care unit, the neonatal pediatric service and the three medicine services re ...19892748851
susceptibility of acinetobacter calcoaceticus to antimicrobial drugs, alone and combined, with and without defibrinated human blood.twenty-five clinical isolates of acinetobacter calcoaceticus were examined for susceptibility to 14 antimicrobial drugs. in terms of inhibitory and bactericidal activities, imipenem and polymyxin b were most active, followed by amikacin and ceftazidime. four isolates were resistant against fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin). the isolates varied in susceptibility to aztreonam, cefotaxime, cotrimoxazole, gentamicin, mezlocillin, netilmicin and piperacillin. fresh defibrinated ...19892758872
use of protein profiles to identify acinetobacter calcoaceticus in a respiratory care unit.the presence of acinetobacters in a respiratory care unit was prospectively studied because of an increase in the number of isolations of acinetobacter calcoaceticus. cell envelope protein electrophoresis was used to distinguish strains. eleven protein patterns were observed in isolates from patients and their environment. one pattern (pattern 1) was seen in several patients and environmental samples. another pattern (pattern 2) was identified repeatedly in samples from skin and mucous membranes ...19892768524
haem-containing protein complexes of acinetobacter calcoaceticus as secondary electron acceptors for quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase. 19892774522
purification and properties of a cephalosporinase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus. 19892784128
susceptibility to antibiotics in acinetobacter calcoaceticus. 19892784129
novel carbenicillin-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase (carb-5) from acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus.a strain of acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus highly resistant to ticarcillin but susceptible to ticarcillin in combination with clavulanic acid (2 mg/l) was found to produce a constitutive beta-lactamase. this enzyme was periplasmic with a characteristic substrate profile of a carbenicillin-hydrolyzing enzyme. enzyme inhibition was detected with antiserum (anti-carb-3), pcmb, cloxacillin, clavulanic acid and sulbactam. this novel enzyme with a molecular mass of 28,000 resembles other p ...19892786828
characterization of acinetobacter calcoaceticus catm, a repressor gene homologous in sequence to transcriptional activator genes.two structural genes needed for catechol degradation, cata and catb, encode the respective enzymes catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (ec 1.13.11.1) and muconate cycloisomerase (ec 5.5.1.1). catechol is an intermediate in benzoate degradation, and the cata and catb genes are clustered within a 17-kilobase-pair (kbp) region of acinetobacter calcoaceticus chromosomal dna containing all of the structural genes required for the conversion of benzoate to tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. cata and catb we ...19892793826
the inanimate environment of an intensive care unit as a potential source of nosocomial bacteria: evidence for long survival of acinetobacter calcoaceticus.environmental surface and personnel hand impression cultures were obtained during 13 sampling periods in the university of virginia pediatric intensive care unit to document potential reservoirs of nosocomial pathogens. in 78 environmental cultures staphylococcus aureus was found eight times and gram-negative bacilli ten times. the patient chart cover was the most commonly contaminated surface. acinetobacter calcoaceticus was found in five of ten cultures positive for gram-negative bacilli. thir ...19892794465
a novel method for the identification and distinction of the beta-lactamases of the genus acinetobacter.the characterization of the chromosomal beta-lactamases of acinetobacter has proved difficult because of the poor focusing of these enzymes in conventional isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels. we describe a novel isoelectric focusing method, which employs an agarose gel incorporating a detergent with sorbitol and urea, to examine the beta-lactamases produced by eight clinical strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus; we have identified four different beta-lactamases. the molecular masses o ...19892808182
epidemic bloodstream infections associated with pressure transducers: a persistent problem.twenty-four outbreaks of nosocomial bloodstream infection (bsi) were investigated by the centers for disease control from jan 1, 1977 to dec 31, 1987. intravascular pressure monitoring devices (transducers) were the most commonly identified source of bacterial and fungal bsi outbreaks and were implicated as the source of infection in eight (33%) outbreaks. these included outbreaks caused by candida parapsilosis (2), serratia marcescens (2), klebsiella oxytoca (1), pseudomonas cepacia (1), acinet ...19892926106
in vitro activities of cefoperazone and sulbactam singly and in combination against cefoperazone-resistant members of the family enterobacteriaceae and nonfermenters.among 28,000 isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae and nonfermenters isolated at multiple medical centers, 1,084 (4%) were resistant to cefoperazone (mic, greater than or equal to 64 micrograms/ml) and 1,711 (6%) exhibited cefoperazone mics of 2 to 32 micrograms/ml. ninety-six percent of these 2,795 isolates produced beta-lactamase, as determined by the nitrocefin test. sulbactam alone (8 micrograms/ml) was inactive against 99.6% of the isolates other than acinetobacter calcoaceticus and pse ...19902073118
[susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates].we investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antimicrobial agents at 459 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were performed at each hospital laboratory and the tests were carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: , ++, + and -. ipm had significantly high activity against st ...19902086814
[nosocomial bacteremia caused by acinetobacter].forty episodes of nosocomial acinetobacter calcoaceticus bacteremia produced by the anitratus type over a period of 4 years were analyzed and compared with a control group of 28 patients with bacteremia produced by gram negative bacilli. although most of acinetobacter bacteremia were endemic an outbreak involving 12 cases were observed in an intensive care unit during the study period. thirteen patients presented a transient bacteremia. when the site of origin of the infection could be establish ...19902098118
[clinical importance of bacteremias caused by acinetobacter calcoaceticus].clinical data from patients with acinetobacter calcoaceticus bacteremia observed during a period of 10 years were retrospectively reviewed. these bacteremias represent the 0.66% of the total number of positive blood cultures observed during the same period of time. the type anitratus was the most common (79.4%) although there were no significant differences in epidemiology, sensitivity, or clinical significance between both types. only in 55.8% of the cases bacteremia was considered of clinical ...19902098121
a 28 kda protein of normal mouse serum binds lipopolysaccharides of gram-negative and lipoteichoic acids of gram-positive bacteria.a 28 kda protein from normal mouse serum known to bind to the inner core region of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) was found to bind also to bacterial poly(glycerophosphate) lipoteichoic acid (lta). twenty-nine preparations of lta were isolated from 19 different bacterial species, purified, chemically analysed, and tested for their ability to bind the 28 kda protein in a complement-dependent hemolysis and hemolysis inhibition assay. all but one were active in one or both systems and one half ...19902099385
removal of lead from aqueous solution by acinetobacter calcoaceticus.a bacterial strain tolerant to the presence of 400 ppm lead was isolated from digested sewage sludge. the organism was identified as acinetobacter calcoaceticus var: anitraus (98% confidence). both viable and formalin-inactivated bacterial cells could remove pb from an aqueous solution. the pb-binding ability of inactivated cells was compared with that of a commercial ion-exchange resin. amberlite ir-120. the metal-binding ability of a. calcoaceticus followed the sequence pb greater than or equa ...19902099791
[peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. microbiological and clinical evaluation].in 1976, popovich et al. described a technique of peritoneal dialysis using bottled dialysate. later oreopoulos et al. modified the technique by using plastic bags. but peritonitis still is a major and potentially serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. we have evaluated a) microbiologic diagnostic methods for infectious peritonitis, b) incidence of etiologic agents, and c) the evolution during antimicrobial treatment. eighteen patients with chronic renal failure of diverse causes were foll ...19902101843
[clinical evaluation of therapy for aspiration pneumonia with imipenem/cilastatin sodium].in an open, prospective, multicenter trial the clinical efficacy of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (ipm/cs) for the treatment of 14 cases with aspiration pneumonia was investigated. the mean age was 75.4 years old. diseases of central nervous system were present in 11 cases, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases and diabetes mellitus in 2 cases each respectively. seven cases were community-acquired and another seven were hospital-acquired. six cases were moderate and 8 cases were severe. causa ...19902112207
the antimicrobial activity of fleroxacin ro 23-6240, a third generation fluoroquinolone derivative, tested in vitro.the broad antimicrobial spectrum of fleroxacin ro 23-6240 was tested on a panel of bacterial and several mycobacterial species. staph. aureus strains, gramnegative bacteria e. coli, kl. pneumoniae, salmonella spp. were found to be rather susceptible to the tested preparation in vitro. the same was true of those species which are known to feature strong natural resistance, e.g. ps. aeruginosa and acinetobacter calcoaceticus. as regards mycobacteria, complete susceptibility was recorded for 10 m. ...19902112571
bacteriostatic and bactericidal actions of boric acid against bacteria and fungi commonly found in urine.boric acid has been used for over 20 years to preserve urine while in transit for bacteriological examination. it has been suggested that it may be toxic for some urinary pathogens. to investigate this several strains of bacteria and fungi commonly found in urine were exposed to different concentrations of boric acid in nutrient broth. viable counts were made at the outset and at intervals for up to 24 hours at room temperature to detect bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects. at concentrations ...19902116453
[spontaneous transformation in mixed cultures of various types of acinetobacter and during joint growth of acinetobacter calcoaceticus with escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa].the transfer of chromosomal and plasmid genes was studied via spontaneous transformation is mixed cultures of acinetobacter spp. it turned out that any acinetobacter strain, irrespective of its species specificity, serves as chromosomal dna donor in case the mixed culture contains competent cells of the recipient strain. no transfer took place when non-related bacteria were used as donors. we also studied the transfer into ac. calcoaceticus competent strain cells of small non-conjugative plasmid ...19902126520
[non-hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by acinetobacter calcoaceticus]. 19902128612
[evaluation of microbial air contamination in dental areas].the authors carried out a survey in dental wards in order to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative microbial contamination level of the air, which is considered a crucial habitat for the transmission of many infectious diseases. a high microbial counts were found in all of the environments tested; the microorganisms isolated belonged to pathogenous species such as staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus haemoliticus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. lwoffi. it seems nec ...19902129101
[comparative activity of imipenem, ceftazidime and cefotaxime against acinetobacter calcoaceticus].the authors compared the in vitro activity of imipenem, ceftazidime and cefotaxime against 100 strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus isolated in 1986 and 1987. the minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (mics and mbcs) were determined by the agar dilution and broth microdilution methods respectively, with and without 50 per cent of human serum in the medium to evaluate the possible influence of protein binding. imipenem was the most active of the three drugs against acinetobacter, i ...19902139937
characterisation of a siderophore from acinetobacter calcoaceticus.the gram-negative bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus was examined for production of siderophores and iron-repressible outer membrane proteins following growth in iron-restricted media. the iron chelator, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid was identified in the culture supernatant by 1h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (ms). a group of outer membrane proteins between 80 and 85 kda were induced under iron restriction.19902144495
native valve endocarditis caused by acinetobacter calcoaceticus subspecies lwoffi.a case of native valve endocarditis due to acinetobacter calcoaceticus in a patient with dental caries is presented. the aortic, mitral and tricuspid valves were affected and showed vegetation by echocardiography in the affected valves. in spite of a good response to antibiotic therapy, multiple embolisms resulted in the patient's death. an autopsy confirmed the vegetation, which was calcified and contained no bacteria.19902150206
analysis and nucleotide sequence of an origin of dna replication in acinetobacter calcoaceticus and its use for escherichia coli shuttle plasmids.a shuttle plasmid for acinetobacter calcoaceticus and escherichia coli has been constructed from a cryptic a. calcoaceticus lwoffi plasmid and pbr322. it is transformed to a. calcoaceticus bd413 by natural competency, yielding about 10(6) transformants per microgram of plasmid dna. the apr and tcr genes of pbr322 are functional in a. calcoaceticus. a gene bank was constructed from chromosomal a. calcoaceticus dna and the shuttle plasmid. direct transformation to a. calcoaceticus yielded about 95 ...19902185139
cross resistance to ciprofloxacin and other antimicrobial agents among clinical isolates of acinetobacter calcoaceticus biovar anitratus.using an agar dilution assay, for 66 of 104 (63.5%) clinical isolates of acinetobacter calcoaceticus biovar anitratus, the mic of ciprofloxacin was greater than or equal to 1.0 micrograms/ml. cross resistance was demonstrable to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin (p less than 0.001), amikacin (p less than 0.01), cefotaxime (p less than 0.001), azlocillin (p less than 0.001), ceftazidime (p less than 0.001), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (p less than 0.001), and minocycline (p less than 0.05). the mean ...19902185692
therapeutic effects of cefpirome, a new cephalosporin, on various models of infections in mice and rats.cefpirome (hr 810) is a new cephalosporin with a 2,3-cyclopentenopyridine group in the 3-position side chain. it was compared with other cephem antibiotics in protective and therapeutic effects on various experimental infections, systemic and local, in mice and rats. hr 810 had more potent protective effect than ceftazidime (caz), cefoperazone (cpz), and cefotaxime (ctx) on systemic infections induced by escherichia coli ec-31, staphylococcus aureus smith, and serratia marcescens sm-6 in mice. a ...19902190011
acinetobacter calcoaceticus from blood culture of children. 19902210834
an outbreak of acinetobacter calcoaceticus infection in a neonatal care unit.between january and december 1988, 383 neonates were admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit. 1,991 swabs and blood cultures were tested bacteriologically. among them 90 specimens obtained from 41 patients were positive for acinetobacter calcoaceticus. during this period we discovered and treated three cases with a. calcoaceticus sepsis. three additional cases had blood cultures positive for this bacterium without demonstrating any clinical signs of infection. there is good evidence that co ...19902210855
ciprofloxacin in the treatment of nosocomial multiply resistant acinetobacter calcoaceticus bacteremia.twelve cases of multiply resistant acinetobacter calcoaceticus bacteremia occurred in three intensive care units in three different outbreaks. all patients were mechanically ventilated, on broad spectrum antibiotics and had central lines when bacteremia occurred. the sites of primary infection were: abdominal (n = 3); respiratory (n = 4); central lines (n = 4); cns (n = 1). in eight cases the acinetobacter strains were susceptible to ciprofloxacin only. four other strains were sensitive to amika ...19902210856
parenteral fluoroquinolones in children with life-threatening infections.the new fluoroquinolones have not been tested in children despite their wide spectrum of in vitro activity and efficacy, because of an observed damage to cartilage in young animals. however, in some cases they may be life-saving. we present three pediatric patients with life threatening infections in whom the fluoroquinolones were used when other antibiotics failed: a seven-year-old boy with meningitis due to multiresistant acinetobacter calcoaceticus, a three-year-old boy with job's syndrome wi ...19902210857
mechanism of enhancement of microbial cell hydrophobicity by cationic polymers.polycationic polymers have been noted for their effects in promoting cell adhesion to various surfaces, but previous studies have failed to describe a mechanism dealing with this type of adhesion. in the present study, three polycationic polymers (chitosan, poly-l-lysine, and lysozyme) were tested for their effects on microbial hydrophobicity, as determined by adhesion to hydrocarbon and polystyrene. test strains (escherichia coli, candida albicans, and a nonhydrophobic mutant, mr-481, derived f ...19902211502
molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and promoter structure of the acinetobacter calcoaceticus trpfb operon.the trpfb operon from acinetobacter calcoaceticus encoding the phosphoribosyl anthranilate isomerase and the beta-subunit of tryptophan synthase has been cloned by complementation of a trpb mutation in a. calcoaceticus, identified by deletion analysis, and sequenced. it encodes potential polypeptides of 214 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 23,008 (trpf) and 403 amino acids with a molecular weight of 44,296 (trpb). the encoded trpb sequence shows striking homologies to those from ...19902211532
selection of acinetobacter calcoaceticus mutants deficient in the p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase gene (poba), a member of a supraoperonic cluster.p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase, the product of the poba gene, gives rise to protocatechuate, which is metabolized by enzymes encoded by the pca operon in acinetobacter calcoaceticus. mutations in pcad prevented growth of a. calcoaceticus with succinate in the presence of p-hydroxybenzoate. mutants selected on this medium contained the original mutation in pcad and also carried spontaneous mutations in poba. these independently expressed genes were cotransformed with a frequency of 15% and thus ar ...19902211534
recovery of dna from the acinetobacter calcoaceticus chromosome by gap repair.a strain of acinetobacter calcoaceticus that demonstrates unusually high competence for natural transformation by linear dna has proven valuable for analysis of genes and gene clusters associated with aromatic catabolism. the transformation system allowed gap repair to be used to recover mutant chromosomal dna within recombinant plasmids. the sizes of the recovered fragments, 5 and 7 kilobase pairs in length, indicate that gap repair will be a useful procedure for isolation of wild-type and modi ...19902211536
cloning, mapping, and sequencing of the gene encoding escherichia coli quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase.escherichia coli contains pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase. we cloned and sequenced the gene (gcd) encoding this enzyme and showed that the derived amino acid sequence is highly homologous to that of the gdha gene product of acinetobacter calcoaceticus. stretches of homology also exist between the amino acid sequence of e. coli glucose dehydrogenase and other pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent dehydrogenases from several bacterial species. the position of gcd on the chrom ...19902228962
plasmid dna fingerprinting of acinetobacter calcoaceticus subspecies anitratus from intubated and mechanically ventilated patients.forty-three intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in five intensive care units (icus) of one hospital developed respiratory colonization or infection with acinetobacter calcoaceticus subspecies anitratus over a 16-month interval. neither the frequency nor rate of a anitratus isolation exceeded the hospital endemic norms. single isolates from 34 of the patients were subtyped by plasmid dna analysis, two biotyping systems and antimicrobial susceptibility to 24 drugs. plasmid dna fingerpri ...19902230042
[studies on respiratory infections in primary care clinic (iv). antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from patients with respiratory infections visiting 21 private clinics in the tohoku district of japan].we determined the mics of ampicillin, methicillin, cefaclor, cefixime, cefteram, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against a total of 1,448 strains from 11 species: 464 strains of staphylococcus aureus, 306 strains of streptococcus pneumoniae, 114 strains of streptococcus pyogenes, 37 strains of branhamella catarrhalis, 329 strains of haemophilus influenzae, 32 strains of escherichia coli, 66 strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, 26 strains of enterobacter cloacae, 20 strains of serratia marcescens, 12 st ...19902243194
evidence of protein-tyrosine kinase activity in the bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus.protein phosphorylation was investigated in the bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus both in vivo and in vitro. in cells grown with [32p]orthophosphate, several radioactive phosphoproteins were detected by gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. these proteins were shown to contain phosphoserine, phosphothreonine, and a relatively large proportion of phosphotyrosine residues. incubation of cellular extracts with [gamma-32p] atp also resulted in the phosphorylation of several proteins. at least ...19902250004
[respiratory distress after endotracheal insufflation of baby powder in dogs].the cause of delayed respiratory distress after endotracheal insufflation of baby powder was investigated in dogs. ten dogs were divided into 2 groups. in the insufflation group (n = 6), baby powder 1g.kg-1 was insufflated through an endotracheal tube under controlled mechanical ventilation. in the control group (n = 4), artificial ventilation was continued for 36 hours without insufflation of baby powder. pao2 in the insufflation group fell until 1 hour, and then improved until 12 hours after t ...19902255034
mycenon, a new metabolite from a mycena species ta 87202 (basidiomycetes) as an inhibitor of isocitrate lyase.mycenon (c11h5cl3o3), a new inhibitor of isocitrate lyase (ec 4.1.3.1) was isolated from the culture broth of a basidiomycete, mycena sp. mycenon is a novel chlorinated benzoquinone derivative which is also active against bacteria and fungi. malate synthase (ec 4.1.3.2) the second key enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle was not affected by mycenon. isocitrate lyase preparations from plants, bacteria and fungi were sensitive. the following ki-values for mycenon have been determined: ricinus communis, ...19902258323
pefloxacin efficacy in gram-negative bacillary meningitis.sixteen patients with acute meningitis caused by gram-negative bacteria were treated with pefloxacin intravenously. the age range of the patient group was six months to 85 years with a mean age of 40 years; three patients were children. in all but two patients meningitis was a complication of neurosurgical operations and fourteen of the sixteen had received prior therapy which was not successful. the causative organisms were: pseudomonas aeruginosa (5), acinetobacter calcoaceticus (4), klebsiell ...19902258348
[acinetobacter as a problem pathogen in patients with long-term tocolysis].a hospital outbreak of acinetobacter calcoaceticus in a ward with patients with intravenous tokolysis is reported. within 2 months 9 pregnant women who had tokolysis for premature labour developed septic fever that only subsisted after the administration of tokolysis was stopped. in 7 cases blood culture was positive for acinetobacter calcoaceticus. this endemic outbreak was responsible for premature deliveries in four cases, leading top post partum death of two infants. source identification wa ...19902264412
the effect of physical and microbiological factors on food container leakage.the effect of physical and microbiological factors on food container leakage was investigated in a container leakage model system (clms). the leakage of acinetobacter calcoaceticus, staphylococcus sp., pseudomonas sp., bacillus sp., a coryneform, staph. aureus, and two biotest organisms (enterobacter cloacae nc1b 8151 and ent. aerogenes mb31) was studied. the rate of bacterial leakage (log10 cells/channel/s) was greater in the presence of a partial vacuum of 51-305 mm hg than at atmospheric pres ...19902272940
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