Publications

quantification of respirable, thoracic, and inhalable quartz exposures by ft-ir in personal impactor samples from construction sites.	the classification of quartz as a group i human carcinogen by the international agency for research on cancer (iarc) highlights the need to develop a method to assess quartz exposures in the thoracic and inhalable particle size fractions to supplement the current method for the respirable size fraction. heavy and highway construction operations can produce high respirable quartz exposures, but inhalable and thoracic exposures have not previously been well characterized. these larger particle siz ...	2002	12166893
mental retardation research center at boston children's hospital/harvard medical school. introductory overview.	the mrrc at children's hospital/harvard medical school is focused on research in genetics and neuroscience. both clinical and basic science approaches are abundant. major interdisciplinary programs, particularly in the areas of neonatal brain injury, human cerebral cortical malformations, and human neuromuscular disorders, interdigitate basic and clinical research in cohesive research programs. the core research support facilities serve as the nidus for this large research effort, encompassing 6 ...	2002	12175871
devolution of employment and training policy: the case of older workers.	the case for the devolution of employment and training programs has traditionally been based on the supply side argument that state and local governments are in the best position to assess the training needs of their disadvantaged workers. we provide a different perspective by focusing on the demand side of the labor market and the link between aiding older workers and fostering economic growth. we illustrate the importance of this focus by examining the labor market in massachusetts, where the ...	2002	17432476
governing population genomics: law, bioethics, and biopolitics in three case studies.	existing scholarship on population genomics has only superficially addressed issues of power and political process. accordingly, questions of politics and governance pervade the analysis of three population genomics case studies that follow: the human genome diversity project, iceland's health sector database, and "clinical genomics" as defined by the beth israel-ardais collaboration. an examination of these case studies reveals that the common law, u.s. regulatory law, and international law hav ...	2003	15156881
mortality of common loons in new england, 1987 to 2000.	diagnostic findings are presented on 522 common loons (gavia immer) found dead or moribund in new england (connecticut, maine, massachusetts, new hampshire, rhode island, and vermont, usa) between 1987 and 2000. common loon numbers and range in new england have decreased from historic levels over the last century due to a number of proposed factors. goals of this study were to identify and categorize causes of mortality and quantify natural versus anthropogenic causes. the majority of identifiab ...	2003	12910757
implementation of a point-of-care satellite laboratory in the emergency department of an academic medical center. impact on test turnaround time and patient emergency department length of stay.	emergency department (ed) overcrowding has reached crisis proportions in the united states. many hospitals are seeking to identify process reengineering efforts to reduce crowding and ed patient length of stay (los).	2003	12683874
boston happens program: hiv-positive, homeless, and at-risk youth can access care through youth-oriented hiv services.	the boston happens program is a collaborative network of care consisting of multiservice outreach agencies; community health centers; and hospitals for hiv-positive, homeless, and hard-to-reach youth. in four years of data collection, the program served more than 2,000 youth, including 54 hiv-positive youth. the youth were 19.9 +/- 2.9 years old; 64 percent female; 45 percent youth of color; 11 percent gay/lesbian, bisexual, or undecided; and 13 percent homeless or runaway. homeless youth were m ...	2003	12748922
bernard brouwer's lecture tours in the united states (1926 and 1933).	bernard brouwer (1881-1949), the first ordinary professor of neurology in the netherlands and a man of prominent stature among continental neurologists, was invited to read lectures at several university clinics in the united states in 1926 and 1933. in this article, we describe brouwer's impressions from these tours to obtain a view of us neurology in the 1920s and 1930s compared with the state of dutch neurology. we studied brouwer's reports of the lecture tours and pertinent materials obtaine ...	2003	14568822
antiretroviral drug resistance in human immunodeficiency virus-infected source patients for occupational exposures to healthcare workers.	to assess the prevalence of hiv antiretroviral resistance among source patients for occupational hiv exposures.	2003	14587931
rabies surveillance in the united states during 2002.	during 2002, 49 states and puerto rico reported 7,967 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention, an increase of 7.2% from the 7,436 cases in non-human animals and 1 case in a human being reported in 2001. more than 92% (7,375 cases) were in wild animals, whereas 7.4% (592) were in domestic species (compared with 93.3% in wild animals and 6.7% in domestic species in 2001). compared with cases reported in 2001, the numbers of ...	2003	14690203
ctla4 is associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis.	we comprehensively screened ctla4 for novel genetic variations in patients with ms. we studied genetic variations by association methods in a population-based sample of 122 sporadic patients with ms and 244 age-, gender- and ethnicity-matched controls, and by linkage and family-based association methods in 395 individuals from 59 american multiplex pedigrees with 141 affected individuals. being homozygous for at(8) (common) allele of the 3'(514) microsatellite (or: 1.69; ci: 0.99-2.86) and for t ...	2003	12507781
enzootic transmission of babesia divergens among cottontail rabbits on nantucket island, massachusetts.	specific ticks seem to locally serve as vector for characteristic microbial assemblages (guilds) comprising spirochetes, piroplasms, ehrlichiae, and arboviruses. borrelia andersoni and anaplasma phagocytophilum are intensely transmitted between cottontail rabbits. to test the hypothesis that a piroplasm may also be maintained in rabbits, we sampled these hosts from nantucket island, massachusetts and tested their blood and tissues by a polymerase chain reaction for evidence of infection. surpris ...	2003	14695079
case records of the massachusetts general hospital. weekly clinicopathological exercises. case 26-2003. a 50-year-old colombian man with fever and seizures.		2003	12930932
cost-effectiveness of serotesting compared with universal immunization for varicella in refugee children from six geographic regions.	it is unknown whether it is more cost-effective to test for varicella antibody or to immunize without testing in immigrant populations. the reliability of history of varicella disease is also unclear.	2003	12946297
do something--he's about to snap.	lynne tabor, an it manager at manufacturing giant mmi, has a great team. everyone works hard and gets along. everyone, that is, except max dyer. max is a talented programmer, but he's terrible in the interpersonal skills department. so terrible, in fact, that three years ago lynne reworked his job after employees complained that he was unengaged and even belligerent. since then, he's been a solid worker, putting in extra hours and meriting good performance evaluations. but recently, max's cowork ...	2003	12858708
temporal trends in human semen parameters in new england in the united states, 1989-2000.	the current study explores trends in semen parameters in new england in the united states. a retrospective review was performed of 551 semen analysis records from 1989 to 2000 at vincent memorial andrology laboratory of massachusetts general hospital. after age adjustment, semen ph and motility significantly increased 0.05 units/year and 2.33%/year, respectively, while sperm with normal morphology decreased 0.33%/year. sperm concentration showed a small upward trend. the year of birth in the pre ...	2003	12893515
enzootic transmission of anaplasma bovis in nantucket cottontail rabbits.	serological studies of cottontail rabbits sampled from nantucket island, mass., have suggested exposure to at least two ehrlichiae. the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (anaplasma phagocytophilum) is intensely enzootic in rabbits there, but the identity of the other ehrlichial infection remains undescribed. we sampled rabbits over five transmission seasons and tested their blood and tissues for evidence of infection using pcr targeting an ehrlichia genus-wide 16s rdna target. sequence an ...	2003	12904385
environmental stress and recovery: the geochemical record of human disturbance in new bedford harbor and apponagansett bay, massachusetts (usa).	sediments record the history of contamination to estuaries. analysis of the concentrations of toxic organic compounds, contaminant and crustal metals, organic carbon content and isotopic composition in sediment cores from two estuarine systems in buzzards bay allowed reconstruction of human impacts over 350 years. vertical distributions of the contaminants correlate with changes in the nature of watershed/estuarine activities. all contaminants were highly enriched (tens to hundreds times backgro ...	2003	12922068
neighborhood differences in patterns of syringe access, use, and discard among injection drug users: implications for hiv outreach and prevention education.	the article presents results from the syringe access, use, and discard: context in aids risk research project comparing two neighborhoods by (1) socioeconomic and demographic characteristics; (2) patterns of syringe access, use, and discard; and (3) encounters with a local human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (hiv/aids) outreach project targeted to injection drug users (idus). the results show that idus in more economically advantaged neighborhoods were more likely to ...	2003	12930882
making sense of highway construction: a taxonomic framework for ergonomic exposure assessment and intervention research.	construction is one of the most hazardous industries in the united states. occupational health research to characterize the hazards in construction work has been hampered by the lack of a systematic approach to classification of construction work and its associated hazards. a taxonomy of construction work, a nested system of classification, has been developed to systematize the collection and reporting of exposure assessment data for the characterization and reduction of hazards and the preventi ...	2003	12637236
gene mutations in advanced colonic polyps: potential marker selection for stool-based mutated human dna assays for colon cancer screening.	the detection and removal of advanced colonic polyps (acps) can help prevent the development of colorectal cancer. a set of dna mutations known to be associated with colorectal carcinoma was tested against resected acps to determine the set s potential utility as a marker panel for acps. a sensitive mutation marker panel could be used by stool-based assays that look for mutated human dna to detect the presence of acps. dna from 32 acps = 1.0 cm in diameter was amplified and tested for 19 colorec ...	2003	14706178
use of complementary and alternative therapies by patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.	complementary and alternative medical therapies (cam) are popular with patients who are human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seropositive, despite effective drug treatments, potential drug interactions, and overlapping toxicities.	2003	12676036
polymorphisms in the dna repair genes xrcc1 and ercc2, smoking, and lung cancer risk.	xrcc1 (x-ray cross-complementing group 1) and ercc2 (excision repair cross-complementing group 2) are two major dna repair proteins. polymorphisms of these two genes have been associated with altered dna repair capacity and cancer risk. we have described statistically significant interactions between the ercc2 polymorphisms (asp312asn and lys751gln) and smoking in lung cancer risk. in this case-control study of 1091 caucasian lung cancer patients and 1240 controls, we explored the gene-environme ...	2003	12692111
association of nat2 and smoking in relation to breast cancer incidence in a population-based case-control study (united states).	to evaluate the potential interaction between n-acetyltransferase 2 (nat2) and smoking in breast cancer incidence.	2003	12708724
heritability and genetic linkage of plasma natriuretic peptide levels.	natriuretic peptides play a critical role in the maintenance of salt and water homeostasis and regulation of vascular tone. thus, interindividual variation in plasma natriuretic peptide levels may contribute to variation in susceptibility to volume overload and hypertension. it is unknown to what extent genetic factors contribute to variation in plasma natriuretic peptide levels.	2003	12821537
male patients with diagnoses of both breast cancer and prostate cancer.	recently cancer susceptibility syndromes have been characterized that suggest possible genetic linkages between breast cancer and prostate cancer within families. despite these connections, male breast cancer and prostate cancer in an individual man has rarely been reported. the clinical features of 10 patients with both of these cancers are described here. one hundred sixty-one patients with male breast cancer were seen at the dana-farber cancer institute and massachusetts general hospital betw ...	2003	12752629
drug-selected resistance mutations and non-b subtypes in antiretroviral-naive adults with established human immunodeficiency virus infection.	the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 antiretroviral resistance is expected to be higher in recently infected antiretroviral-naive individuals than in those who have been infected longer. antiretroviral-naive hiv-1-infected adults who presented to an outpatient clinic in an urban hospital in boston for initial evaluation in 1999 were screened for drug-selected resistance mutations and phylogenetic subtype. drug-selected mutations were identified in 16 (18%) of 88 subjects. ...	2003	14513418
the medicalization of female fertility--points of significance for the study of menopause.	this paper illustrates the need for human biologists to take into account the far-reaching influences of biomedicine in the study of reproductive aging. data were drawn from western massachusetts and puebla, mexico, to illustrate the effects of hysterectomy rates, tubal ligations and hormone replacement therapy (hrt) on studies of age and symptom experience at menopause. first, in examining age at natural menopause in relation to level of education, a country-specific, non-random pattern of part ...	2003	12974134
human pulmonary valve endothelial cells express functional adhesion molecules for leukocytes.	histopathological studies of rejected orthotopic heart transplants suggest that cardiac valve endothelium is spared the inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue damage that occurs in the myocardium. to test whether this apparent protection from leukocyte invasion might be an inherent feature of the valve endothelium, leukocyte adhesion molecule expression and function were analyzed in human pulmonary valve endothelial cells (hpvec). use of cultured hpvec allowed delineation of the potential con ...	2003	14565715
konrad bloch, 12 january 1912 - 15 october 2000.	konrad bloch was a man of strong ethical principles. in personality, he was soft-spoken, kind, and generous. his home in lexington, massachusetts, with lore, his wife of more than sixty years, his daughter, susan, and son, peter, was at the center of a joyous family life.	2003	12962131
the kenneth b. schwartz center at massachusetts general hospital hematology-oncology department: hope for the homeless.	shortly before his death in 1995, kenneth b. schwartz, a cancer patient at massachusetts general hospital (mgh), founded the kenneth b. schwartz center at mgh. the schwartz center is a nonprofit organization dedicated to supporting and advancing compassionate health care delivery, which provides hope to the patient and support to caregivers and encourages the healing process. the center sponsors the schwartz center rounds, a monthly multidisciplinary forum during which caregivers discuss a speci ...	2003	14530502
microsystems in health care: part 8. developing people and improving work life: what front-line staff told us.	the articles in the microsystems in health care series have focused on the success characteristics of high-performing clinical microsystems. realization is growing about the importance of attracting, selecting, developing, and engaging staff. by optimizing the work of all staff members and by promoting a culture where everyone matters, the microsystem can attain levels of performance not previously experienced.	2003	14567260
msjama. uses of jacobson v massachusetts in the age of bioterror.		2003	14600197
the young man from canada.		2003	14703586
shifts in winter distribution in birds: effects of global warming and local habitat change.	as global warming intensified toward the end of the 20th century, there was a northward shift in winter ranges of bird species in cape cod, massachusetts, usa. these poleward shifts were correlated to local increases in minimum winter temperatures and global temperature anomalies. this evidence, plus other recent results, suggests that during the last two decades global warming has led to massive and widespread biogeographic shifts with potentially major ecological and human consequences. local ...	2003	14703907
aids vaccines: balancing human rights with public health.		2003	15378822
mica, hla-b haplotypic variation in five population groups of sub-saharan african ancestry.	the human major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i chain-related gene a (mica), located 46 kb centromeric to hla-b, encodes a stress-inducible protein, which is a ligand for the nkg2d receptor. in addition to its primary role in immune surveillance, data suggest that mica is involved in the immune response to transplants and in susceptibility to some diseases. in this study, 152 subjects from the yoruba (n=74), efik (n=32), and igbo (n=46) tribes of southern nigeria, 39 nationwide african- ...	2003	14551603
effects on breastfeeding of changes in maternity length-of-stay policy in a large health maintenance organization.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects on breastfeeding rates of a private-sector early discharge program and a subsequent government mandate guaranteeing 48 hours of hospital coverage.	2003	12612230
community-based, acute posttraumatic stress management: a description and evaluation of a psychosocial-intervention continuum.	much of today's psychological trauma can be identified as resulting from sudden and seemingly random events, and particularly from events that involve the loss of human life. this article presents a perspective on how behavioral health providers may approach the design, development, and implementation of community-based psychological trauma interventions. these interventions allow those community members most affected by the trauma to play a central role in the resolution of, and community adapt ...	2004	15371064
evidence for a gene on chromosome 13 influencing postural systolic blood pressure change and body mass index.	previous analysis in the hypertension genetic epidemiology network (hypergen) of the national heart lung and blood institute (nhlbi) family blood pressure program, a multicenter study of genetic and environmental factors related to hypertension, indicated regions of linkage for blood pressure traits together with several coincident regions for phenotypically correlated traits, including systolic blood pressure (sbp) response to a postural challenge and body mass index (bmi). motivated by these f ...	2004	14967843
incidence of outpatient visits and hospitalizations related to influenza in infants and young children.	the advisory committee on immunization practices currently encourages influenza vaccination for all children aged 6 to 23 months when feasible, based on studies that have demonstrated that young children have high hospitalization rates attributable to influenza. the advisory committee on immunization practices recently voted to recommend influenza vaccination for all children beginning during the 2004-2005 influenza season; information on the rate of outpatient visits due to influenza is needed ...	2004	14993554
using ecological risk assessment to identify the major anthropogenic stressor in the waquoit bay watershed, cape cod, massachusetts.	the waquoit bay watershed ecological risk assessment was performed by an interdisciplinary and interagency workgroup. this paper focuses on the steps taken to formulate the analysis plan for this watershed assessment. the workgroup initially conducted a series of meetings with the general public and local and state managers to determine environmental management objectives for the watershed. the workgroup then decided that more information was needed on the impacts of six stressors: nutrient enri ...	2004	15503390
child custody determinations in cases involving intimate partner violence: a human rights analysis.	intimate partner violence and child abuse are recognized both as public health concerns and as violations of human rights, but related government actions and inactions are rarely documented as human rights violations in the united states. men who abuse female partners are also highly likely to abuse the children of these women. however, family courts are reported to often ignore risks posed by abusive men in awarding child custody and visitation. battered women involved in child custody litigati ...	2004	15249297
mitochondrial genome mutations in hypertensive individuals.	human essential hypertension (htn), a polygenic, multifactorial, and highly heterogeneous disorder of unknown etiology, has been shown to have excess maternal transmission in several studies, suggesting a possible mitochondrial involvement. in an effort to assess the contribution of the mitochondrial genome to htn we initiated a systematic, extended screening of hypertensive individuals to identify potentially pathogenic mtdna mutations. we applied our newly developed novel class of tests for th ...	2004	15233983
case records of the massachusetts general hospital. weekly clinicopathological exercises. case 8-2004. a 28-year-old man with abdominal pain, fever, and a mass in the region of the pancreas.		2004	15014187
how fleet bank fought employee flight.	in the late 1990s, fleet bank was facing high and rising employee turnover, particularly in its retail operations. overall turnover had reached 25% annually, and among some groups, such as tellers and customer service reps, turnover was as high as 40%. using a new methodology developed by mercer human resource consulting, fleet set out to determine why so many employees were leaving and what could be done to retain them. it began examining data from hr, finance, operations, and sales about emplo ...	2004	15077372
metropolis redux: the unique importance of library skills in informatics.	the objective is to highlight the important role that librarians have in teaching within a successful medical informatics program. librarians regularly utilize skills that, although not technology dependent, are essential to conducting computer-based research. the metropolis analogy is used to introduce the part librarians play as informatics partners. science fiction is a modern mythology that, beyond a technical exterior, has lasting value in its ability to reflect the human condition. the tea ...	2004	15098050
a young man from nantucket.		2004	15101387
the prognostic significance of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway activation in human gliomas.	the objectives of this study were to examine activation patterns of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k) pathway in gliomas and to examine the prognostic significance of pi3k pathway activation using snap-frozen clinical specimens.	2004	15143086
conducting interdisciplinary research to promote healthy and safe employment in health care: promises and pitfalls.	due to the complexity of human health, emphasis is increasingly being placed on the need for and conduct of multidisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary health research. yet many academic and research organizations--and the discipline-specific associations and journals--may not yet be prepared to adopt changes necessary to optimally support interdisciplinary work. this article presents an ongoing interdisciplinary research project's efforts to investigate mechanisms and pathways that lead to occup ...	2004	15147650
buying biosafety--is the price right?		2004	15152056
mutant, wild type, or overall p53 expression: freedom from clinical progression in tumours of astrocytic lineage.	abnormalities of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene are found in a significant proportion of astrocytic brain tumours. we studied tumour specimens from 74 patients evaluated over 20 years at the massachusetts general hospital, where clinical outcome could be determined and sufficient pathologic material was available for immunostaining. p53 expression studies employed an affinity-purified p53 monoclonal antibody, whose specificity was verified in absorption studies and, in a minority of cases, a seco ...	2004	15494720
genetic evaluation of a proposed introduction: the case of the greater prairie chicken and the extinct heath hen.	population introduction is an important tool for ecosystem restoration. however, before introductions should be conducted, it is important to evaluate the genetic, phenotypic and ecological suitability of possible replacement populations. careful genetic analysis is particularly important if it is suspected that the extirpated population was unique or genetically divergent. on the island of martha's vineyard, massachusetts, the introduction of greater prairie chickens (tympanuchus cupido pinnatu ...	2004	15189201
the first successful renal graft in man.		2004	15524345
genotypic diversity of francisella tularensis infecting dermacentor variabilis ticks on martha's vineyard, massachusetts.	martha's vineyard, mass., has been the site of two outbreaks of tularemia (1978 and 2000). although most patients from both outbreaks presented with pneumonic disease and although aerosol transmission has been suggested, the bite of a dog tick and exposure to rabbits remain the only proven modes of transmission. the factors that precipitated the tularemia outbreaks or the proximal determinants of human risk remain undescribed. we sought to test the hypothesis that the ongoing outbreak is due to ...	2004	15528681
validation of the late-life function and disability instrument.	to assess the concurrent and predictive validity of the late-life function and disability instrument (llfdi).	2004	15341561
from directly observed therapy to accompagnateurs: enhancing aids treatment outcomes in haiti and in boston.	like tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) disease is associated with poverty and social inequalities, conditions that hamper the delivery of care. like tuberculosis, treatment of hiv infection requires multidrug regimens, and the causative agent acquires drug resistance, which can be transmitted to others. a pilot project in rural haiti introduced dot-haart (directly observed therapy with highly active antiretroviral therapy) for the care of patients with advanced acquired immune def ...	2004	15156434
america's gulag archipelago.		2004	15575051
ergonomics: the impact of an intervention for lifting hazards during installation of overhead electrical conduit.		2004	15238321
hartford hospital surgeons share publicity with robot 'assistants.'.	hartford hospital, hartford, conn. finds some patients gravitate to boston or new york city for high-tech procedures. being the first connecticut hospital with the davinci robotic surgery system, it developed an advertising campaign emphasizing high-tech surgery with the human touch. hartford also broadcast a robotic prostatectomy on its popular live webcast series.	2004	15291437
ethnic differences of polymorphisms in cytokine and innate immune system genes in pregnant women.	investigations of the possible role of polymorphic genes in pregnancy outcome may be influenced by ethnic variations in genotype or allele frequencies. differences in allelic carriage of immune system-related genes among white, black, and hispanic pregnant women living in new york city and boston were evaluated.	2004	15292002
massachusetts university to begin human hiv vaccine trials.		2004	15124606
heme oxygenase-1 genotype and restenosis after balloon angioplasty: a novel vascular protective factor.	we investigated the association of the heme oxygenase-1 (ho-1) promoter genotype with the inflammatory response and restenosis after balloon angioplasty.	2004	15028349
the power of the human heart: a story of trauma and recovery and its implications for rehabilitation and healing.	ms trisha meili revealed her identity as the central park jogger in a presentation at spaulding rehabilitation hospital in boston in may 2003. her co-presenter was dr jon kabat-zinn, whose teachings on mindfulness and meditation had been important in ms meili's rehabilitation process. this transcript of that conversation describes the various phases she underwent in her recovery, and documents the role of her self-discovered practice of mindfulness in restoring her emotional and physical functio ...	2004	15068105
human-cell mutagens in respirable airborne particles in the northeastern united states. 1. mutagenicity of fractionated samples.	few studies have characterized the regional scale (300-500 km) variability of the mutagenicity of respirable airborne particles (pm2.5). we previously collected 24-h pm2.5 samples for 1 year from background, suburban, and urban sites in massachusetts (ma) and rural and urban sites in upstate new york (ny) (n = 53-60 samples per site). bimonthly composites of these samples were mutagenic to human cells. the present report describes our effort to identify chemical classes responsible for the mutag ...	2004	14968851
human metapneumovirus in children tested at a tertiary-care hospital.	respiratory infections are the leading cause of outpatient visits in the united states, but the etiology of many of these infections is unknown. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered virus that causes respiratory infections.	2004	15195239
voluntary hiv testing as part of routine medical care--massachusetts, 2002.	in 2003, cdc released advancing hiv prevention: new strategies for a changing epidemic. one of the four strategies of this initiative is to expand routine, voluntary human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) testing. this report describes the results of a state-funded program in massachusetts that offered hiv counseling, testing, and referral (hiv ctr) to patients entering one of four hospital-associated urgent care centers. among the 3,068 patients tested, the program identified an hiv seroprevalence ...	2004	15215739
population-based surveillance for childhood invasive pneumococcal disease in the era of conjugate vaccine.	heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was licensed in the united states in february 2000 and, following national guidelines, universally distributed in massachusetts starting in july 2000 to children younger than 2 years of age and selected children 2-5 years of age. we performed statewide surveillance for all cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd) in children younger than 18 years of age to determine risk features and contribution of vaccine failure to ongoing pneumococcal invasive d ...	2005	15665705
urologic complications of sexual trauma among male survivors of torture.	to describe the urologic and sexual complications of male survivors of sexual torture, including prevalence, sequelae, diagnosis, and treatment.	2005	15667857
professor joseph warren horton (1889-1967): biological engineer.	joseph warren horton graduated with a degree in electrical engineering from the massachusetts institute of technology (mit) in 1914. he became involved in the early development of electrical measurement devices, televised image transmission, and the detection of underwater sound transmission. in the mid-1930s he was appointed the first leader of the newly created department of biological engineering at mit and in this position he made major contributions to the application of physics to human ph ...	2005	15682231
genome-wide linkage analysis to age at natural menopause in a community-based sample: the framingham heart study.	to identify chromosomal regions linked to age at natural menopause.	2005	16359963
human cell mutagens in respirable airborne particles from the northeastern united states. 2. quantification of mutagens and other organic compounds.	few reports have characterized mutagenic compounds in respirable airborne particles (<2.5 micrometers in diameter; pm2.5) collected at different sites on a regional scale (hundreds of km). previously, we reported differences in the human (h1a1v2) cell mutagenicity of whole and fractionated organic extracts of pm2.5 samples collected in boston, ma, rochester, ny, and quabbin reservoir, a rural site in western ma. herein we describe the analysis of mutagens and other organic compounds in these sam ...	2005	16475335
the 50th anniversary of the first successful human organ transplant.		2005	16524047
common genetic variation at the endothelial nitric oxide synthase locus and relations to brachial artery vasodilator function in the community.	sequence variants at the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (nos3) locus have been associated with endothelial function measures, but replication has been limited.	2005	16129794
genome-wide search for genes affecting serum uric acid levels: the framingham heart study.	serum uric acid levels are associated with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and renal disease. uric acid has been shown to be heritable; however, genome-wide linkage analyses have not been reported. genome-wide multipoint variance components linkage analyses with 401 markers spaced at approximately 10 centimorgan (cm) were conducted on 1258 subjects of the framingham heart study, using the average of two serum uric acid measurements obtained in examinations 1 and 2 around 1971 and 1979. cov ...	2005	16253630
ccl2 polymorphisms are associated with serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels and myocardial infarction in the framingham heart study.	monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1) is a chemokine strongly implicated in promoting atherosclerosis in animal models, but human genetic evidence is contradictory.	2005	16116069
the rage gly82ser polymorphism is not associated with cardiovascular disease in the framingham offspring study.	the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (rage) is expressed to enhance degrees in human atherosclerotic plaques and co-localizes with inflammatory and pro-oxidant mediators in the vulnerable regions of the plaque. previous studies highlighted a number of variants in the gene encoding the receptor, including a gly to ser substitution at amino acid 82 within the ligand-binding domain of rage. the ser82 allele enhanced ligand-binding affinity and increased ligand-stimulated generation of i ...	2005	16159602
battered mothers speak out: participatory human rights documentation as a model for research and activism in the united states.	this article describes the work of the battered mothers' testimony project, a multiyear effort that documented human rights violations against battered women and their children in the massachusetts family court system. this article (a) presents the battered mothers' testimony project's participatory human rights methodology as an alternative model for research and activism on violence against women and children in the united states, (b) summarizes the authors' findings and human rights analysis ...	2005	16204730
integrating the criminal justice system into mental health service delivery: the worcester diversion experience.	the substantial number of persons with mental illness encountered in many sectors of the criminal justice system has spurred actors from various agencies within that system to take actions aimed at reducing the growth of this population. these actions have included the development of specialty police units, jail diversion programs, and other mechanisms for channeling persons with mental illness out of the criminal justice system and into mental health treatment. the courts, too, have become invo ...	2005	15818600
decision making for hiv prevention planning: organizational considerations and influencing factors.	the purpose of this cdc-funded project was to better understand how behavioral data were used in hiv prevention community planning, and use this knowledge to develop and evaluate tools for increasing the use of data in hiv prevention planning. hiv prevention community planning represents one of many efforts, in a variety of health and human service areas, to formulate plans and policies that are evidence-based and reflective of community input. the attention to evidence-based planning and the in ...	2005	15933825
identifying pediatric age groups for influenza vaccination using a real-time regional surveillance system.	evidence is accumulating that universal vaccination of schoolchildren would reduce the transmission of influenza. the authors sought to identify target age groups within the pediatric population that develop influenza the earliest and are most strongly linked with mortality in the population. patient visits for respiratory illness were monitored, using real-time syndromic surveillance systems, in six massachusetts health-care settings, including ambulatory care sites and emergency departments at ...	2005	16107568
the fatty acid-binding protein-2 a54t polymorphism is associated with renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.	the intestinal fatty-acid binding protein-2 (fabp2) gene codes a protein responsible for the absorption of long-chain fatty acids. to test whether fabp2 is a candidate gene for renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes, a functional a54t polymorphism was genotyped in 1,042 brazilians with type 2 diabetes. patients were classified as having normoalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion [uae] <20 microg/min; n = 529), microalbuminuria (uae 20-199 microg/min; n = 217), or proteinuria (uae >199 m ...	2005	16249461
variation in estrogen-related genes and cross-sectional and longitudinal blood pressure in the framingham heart study.	to examine the association between variation in estrogen-related genes and cross-sectional and longitudinal blood pressure in men and women.	2005	16269961
immigration policies increase south asian immigrant women's vulnerability to intimate partner violence.	to explore forms of immigration-related partner abuse and examine the association of such abuse and immigration status with physical and sexual intimate partner violence (ipv) among south asian women residing in greater boston.	2005	16845767
aligning systems to create full-service schools: the boston experience, so far.	leaders of full-service schools in boston seek to expand the number and increase the impact of boston's full-service schools, catalyzing a realignment of public resources and an expansion of private investment. the full-service schools roundtable, led by a dynamic staff and supported by the mayor and the superintendent of schools, is a steadily growing coalition of educators, public agencies, human service providers, and community leaders. challenges for the roundtable are to build the public wi ...	2005	16315519
[progress on oecd chemicals programme (7)--siam 15 in boston, 2002].	the 15th screening information data set (sids) initial assessment meeting (siam 15) was held in boston, usa. the initial assessment documents of twelve substances at siam 15 (cas numbers: 79-39-0, 88-60-8, 92-70-6, 102-76-1, 110-83-8, 135-19-3, 7647-01-0, 8007-18-9, 10043-52-4, 11070-44-3, 25321-09-9, 68186-90-3) were submitted by the japanese government with or without the international council of chemical associations (icca) and all of them on the human health effect parts were agreed at the m ...	2005	16541752
genotype-by-sex interaction in the regulation of high-density lipoprotein: the framingham heart study.	low levels of high-density lipoprotein (hdl) are widely documented as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (cvd). furthermore, there is marked sexual dimorphism in both hdl levels and the prevalence of cvd. however, the extent to which genetic factors contribute to such dimorphism has been largely unexplored. we examined the evidence for genotype-by-sex effects on hdl in a longitudinal sample of 1562 participants from 330 families in the framingham heart study at three times points correspon ...	2005	16715837
rabies surveillance in the united states during 2004.	during 2004, 49 states and puerto rico reported 6,836 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 8 cases in human beings to the cdc, representing a 4.6% decrease from the 7,170 cases in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings reported in 2003. approximately 92% of the cases were in wildlife, and 8% were in domestic animals (compared with 91% and 9%, respectively, in 2003). relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 2,564 raccoons (37.5%), 1,856 skunks (27.1%), 1,361 bat ...	2005	16379626
genome-wide linkage analysis to urinary microalbuminuria in a community-based sample: the framingham heart study.	microalbuminuria is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular disease. it is not known whether genetic factors play a role in the expression of microalbuminuria in population-based samples.	2005	15610229
jacobson v massachusetts: it's not your great-great-grandfather's public health law.	jacobson v massachusetts, a 1905 us supreme court decision, raised questions about the power of state government to protect the public's health and the constitution's protection of personal liberty. we examined conceptions about state power and personal liberty in jacobson and later cases that expanded, superseded, or even ignored those ideas. public health and constitutional law have evolved to better protect both health and human rights. states' sovereign power to make laws of all kinds has no ...	2005	15798113
transcendent pluralism and the influence of nursing testimony on environmental justice legislation.	environmental justice is an important issue affecting health disparities. using the framework of transcendent pluralism, this article describes nursing actions and research in a legislative coalition for an environmental justice bill. two descriptive studies are conducted: a focus group with six legislative aides and an evaluation of a nursing presentation given to 10 massachusetts state legislators. pretest and posttest results showed a small but significant increase in the legislators' disposi ...	2005	16443961
evidence for a gene influencing haematocrit on chromosome 6q23-24: genomewide scan in the framingham heart study.		2005	15635079
benefits for employees with children with adhd: findings from the collaborative employee benefit study.	parents of most children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) are employed. employers have interest in decreasing employee absenteeism and improving workplace productivity, partly through employee benefits. the authors interviewed employers to (1) determine how they view the needs of employees with children with adhd and (2) identify benefits that might help employees with children with adhd. the authors carried out a systematic interview study of mainly family-friendly, large em ...	2005	15718875
genome-wide linkage analyses and candidate gene fine mapping for hdl3 cholesterol: the framingham study.	high density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) is inversely associated with coronary heart disease and has a genetic component; however, linkage to hdl-c is not conclusive. subfractions of hdl, such as hdl(3)-c, may be better phenotypes for linkage studies. using hdl(3)-c levels measured on 907 framingham heart study subjects from 330 families around 1987, we conducted a genome-wide variance components linkage analysis with 401 microsatellite markers spaced approximately 10 centimorgan (cm) apart. ...	2005	15805549
seeds of change: using peacemaking circles to build a village for every child.	roca, inc., a grassroots human development and community organization, has adopted the peacemaking circle as a tool in its relationship building with youth, communities, and formal systems. circles are a method of communication derived from aboriginal and native traditions. in massachusetts, the department of social services and the department of youth services are exploring the application of the circle in programming with youth and families. by providing a consistent structure for open, democr ...	2005	15828408
a model to provide comprehensive testing for hiv, viral hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections at a short-term drug treatment center.	substance users are at high risk for blood-borne infections as well as those that are transmitted sexually. substance abuse treatment centers present an opportunity to offer comprehensive counseling and testing (cct) for hiv, viral hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections (stis) to this high-risk population. we examined the feasibility and acceptability of one model of cct among substance users. cct was offered to 145 consecutive inpatients; study participants completed a risk factor quest ...	2005	15916492
carbohydrate intake and glycemic index in relation to the odds of early cortical and nuclear lens opacities.	animal studies suggest a role for dietary carbohydrate in cataractogenesis. however, few published human studies have evaluated associations between carbohydrate nutrition and lens opacification.	2005	15941895
the predictable swarm: staying on top of radiology's cyclical staffing "bug".	partners healthcare system in boston, ma, took some progressive and bold steps to address the recent staffing shortages in radiology. by addressing the shortage at the system level versus the individual hospital level, partners was able to successfully recruit and support more than 80 new radiologic technologists from initial interest through graduation in 2 years. the recruitment effort helped reduce the utilization of temporary/agency personnel that cost the system more than dollar 6 million i ...	2005	15988868
support for the use of thermoplastic bite impressions to aid in the identification of missing and unknown children.	this paper presents a response to the editorial opinion expressed in the position paper "promotion of the use of a thermoplastic material to aid in the identification of unidentified human remains," published on page 14 of this issue of the journal of the massachusetts dental society. no references were cited in that paper: because the mission of the american board of forensic odontology (abfo) is to "promote and enhance the science of forensic odontology" and realizing that the abfo guidelines ...	2005	16149396
challenges in the treatment of patients coinfected with hiv and hepatitis c virus: need for team care.	we estimate that only one-third of patients coinfected with hepatitis c virus (hcv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are eligible for therapy for hcv with interferon (ifn) and ribavirin, and, of those who are eligible, two-thirds decline treatment. to date we have initiated treatment with ifn and ribavirin for 8% of coinfected patients evaluated, and <1% of patients have had a sustained virological response. during this process, we have identified many problems that significantly limit our ...	2005	15768347