Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| proteolytic activity of human cytomegalovirus ul80 protease cleavage site mutants. | the human cytomegalovirus ul80 open reading frame encodes protease and assembly protein from its n- and c-terminal regions, respectively. we reported previously that a 30-kda protease is derived by autoproteolytic processing of a polyprotein which is the translation product of the entire ul80 open reading frame (e. z. baum, g. a. bebernitz, j. d. hulmes, v. p. muzithras, t. r. jones, and y. gluzman, j. virol. 67:497-506, 1993). three autoproteolytic cleavage sites within the ul80 polyprotein wer ... | 1994 | 8189512 |
| ul69 of human cytomegalovirus, an open reading frame with homology to icp27 of herpes simplex virus, encodes a transactivator of gene expression. | the ul69 open reading frame of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is homologous to the immediate-early protein icp27 of herpes simplex virus, an essential viral regulatory protein involved in the transition from early to late gene expression. genes with homology to icp27 have been detected in all subclasses of herpesviruses so far. while the respective proteins in alpha- and gammaherpesviruses have been defined as trans-regulatory molecules, nothing is known about these genes in betaherpesviruses. thi ... | 1994 | 8189530 |
| human cytomegalovirus infection of the monocyte/macrophage lineage in bone marrow. | peripheral blood monocytes (pbm) are one site of persistence of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) in healthy carriers. however, because pbm circulate only briefly before entering the tissues and are difficult to infect with hcmv, it has been suggested that they may acquire hcmv during development in the bone marrow. consistent with this, we show evidence that bone marrow progenitors from healthy hcmv carriers contain endogenous hcmv dna as detected by pcr. we also show that bone marrow precursors are ... | 1994 | 8189535 |
| diagnosis and epidemiology of transfusion-associated human cytomegalovirus infection: recent developments. | the prevention and diagnosis of transfusion-associated hcmv infection has to address different questions: is the blood donor potentially infections? is the transfused recipient undergoing an active primary or secondary infection? | 1994 | 8000252 |
| in vitro proteolytic activity and active-site identification of the human cytomegalovirus protease. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) encodes a protease that cleaves itself and the hcmv assembly protein. two proteolytic processing sites within the protease were identified at ala 256-ser 257 (release site) and ala 643-ser 644 (maturation site). identification of rp5-p4' and mp4-p6' as the minimal peptide substrates spanning the release and maturation cleavage sites, respectively, demonstrated a requirement for residues flanking the conserved core in substrate recognition and hydrolysis, which are un ... | 1994 | 8001553 |
| a 79 amino acid oncogene is responsible for human cytomegalovirus mtrii induced malignant transformation. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) morphological transforming region (mtr)ii is the only hcmv mtr that was retained and expressed in transformed mouse or rat cells. the minimal transforming region has previously been shown to be within a 980-bp banii/xhoi subfragment which encodes three open reading frames (orf) of 34, 79, and 83 amino acids. this report provides definitive evidence that the 79-aa orf is responsible for mtrii mediated tumorigenic transformation. the 79-aa orf, subcloned into a mammali ... | 1994 | 8002783 |
| potential role of human cytomegalovirus and p53 interaction in coronary restenosis. | a subset of patients who have undergone coronary angioplasty develop restenosis, a vessel renarrowing characterized by excessive proliferation of smooth muscle cells (smcs). of 60 human restenosis lesions examined, 23 (38 percent) were found to have accumulated high amounts of the tumor suppressor protein p53, and this correlated with the presence of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) in the lesions. smcs grown from the lesions expressed hcmv protein ie84 and high amounts of p53. hcmv infection of cul ... | 1994 | 8023160 |
| [cytomegalovirus infection--a review]. | once considered to be an infrequent cause of human disease, human cytomegalovirus (cmv) is now recognized as being one of the most common congenital infections leading to birth defects, and furthermore, it is a common opportunistic infection associated with serious illness and death in immunocompromised patients. cmv has been assigned to the herpes family of viruses. it is an enveloped dna virus. about 50-60 percent of danish blood donors have anti-cmv. this figure is dependent on age, race, soc ... | 1994 | 8028998 |
| structure-activity relationships and conformational features of antiherpetic pyrimidine and purine nucleoside analogues. a review. | a rational approach to the design of antiherpetic nucleoside analogues is based in part on the broad specificity of virus-coded thymidine kinases. herpes virus thymidine kinase 'activates' many 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridines, analogues of thymidine (e.g., idoxuridine, trifluridine, edoxudine, brivudine), 5-substituted arabinofuranosyluracil derivatives (e.g., 5-et-ara-u, bv-ara-u, cl-ara-u), acyclonucleosides of guanine (e.g., aciclovir, ganciclovir, penciclovir), and purine nucleosides with the ... | 1994 | 8032338 |
| presence of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) immediate early mrna but not ppul83 (lower matrix protein pp65) mrna in polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes during active hcmv infection. | during an active human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection, leukocytes, harbouring the hcmv lower matrix protein pp65 (ppul83) are present in the peripheral blood and can be detected with the hcmv antigenaemia assay. in the present study, it was investigated whether the presence of pp65 in these cells was due to transcription of the virus genome or might be the result of uptake of this viral protein. peripheral blood leukocytes of transplant recipients and aids patients with an active hcmv infectio ... | 1994 | 8046402 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul37 gene product is a component of virus particles. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul37 gene encodes a protein with an m(r) of 120k that is produced at late times after infection. to study the properties of this protein we have linked a 10 amino acid epitope derived from a human cytomegalovirus protein to the ul37 polypeptide coding sequences by inserting an oligonucleotide at a spei site that is unique in the virus genome and lies close to the 3' end of the open reading frame. from studies on the resultant virus recombinant using a monoclonal a ... | 1994 | 8046407 |
| identification of human cytomegalovirus strain with immediate-early (ie) antigen-specific monoclonal antibody is prevented by point mutation in ie gene. | in an aids patient with a disseminated human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection, presence of hcmv in blood was repeatedly excluded by the shell vial culture method with the hcmv immediate-early (ie) antigen-specific monoclonal antibody (mab) 5d2 currently employed for rapid hcmv identification, whereas it was repeatedly confirmed by all other assays (conventional virus isolation from blood, antigenemia, and dnaemia). sequence analysis of the hcmv strain revealed a point mutation in exon 2 of the i ... | 1994 | 8051279 |
| detection of the human cytomegalovirus gene in placental chronic villitis by polymerase chain reaction. | placental chronic villitis was observed in 44 cases (2.12%) of 2,073 histologically examined placentas. infiltrating lymphocytes in chronic villitis were determined by immunohistochemistry to be predominantly helper/inducer t cells. detection of the cytomegalovirus (cmv) gene was performed on paraffin-embedded sections by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using two different primers (cmv immediate early gene and cmv late antigen gp 64). both cmv immediate early gene and late antigen gp 64 gene wer ... | 1994 | 8056423 |
| human cytomegalovirus infection induces transcription and secretion of transforming growth factor beta 1. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection can elicit a transitory, but profound, immunodepression in immunocompetent individuals. cytopathogenic destruction of cmv-infected leukocytes alone does not seem sufficient to explain this phenomenon, which suggests that immune system mediators (cytokines) may play a role in amplifying local modifications wrought by cmv infection. we reported previously that transforming growth factor beta 1 (tgf-beta 1) stimulates cmv replication (j. alcami, c. v. paya, j. ... | 1994 | 8057454 |
| hyperimmediate entry of human cytomegalovirus virions and dense bodies into human fibroblasts. | previous ultrastructural and cytochemical examination of the hcmv inoculum as used in the laboratory enabled the distinction of 7 morphologically different types of structures including complete virions, other enveloped and non-enveloped particles and dense bodies (topilko and michelson, 1994). in the present study, electron microscopy was used to investigate the kinetics and modalities of the earliest interactions between these components of inoculum and human foreskin fibroblasts (fsf). partic ... | 1994 | 8059068 |
| analysis of human cytomegalovirus-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infants with liver dysfunction by flow cytometry and the polymerase chain reaction. | perinatal human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection often involves the hepatobiliary tract, but infected individuals usually remain asymptomatic. we investigated the role of cd8+ lymphocytes in 13 infants with liver dysfunction associated with perinatal hcmv infection. in three patients more than 40% of cd8+ cells were positive for hcmv immediate early antigen (iea) and late antigen (la) by flow cytometry after selection of t lymphocytes subpopulations. in the other 10 infants, 20% to 30% of cd8+ c ... | 1994 | 8071594 |
| human cytomegalovirus late protein encoded by ie2: a trans-activator as well as a repressor of gene expression. | in order to study the function of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) immediate early gene 2 (ie2) (ul122) gene products made at late times during infection, cdna clones were isolated from an expression library made with 74 h post-infection mrna. based on screening of the library, 1% of transcripts in infected cells at this time were ie2 region-specific, and transcripts encoding gamma ie2(338aa), a 40k late gene product, were more abundant than those encoding ie2(579aa), an alpha gene product made thro ... | 1994 | 8077932 |
| low correlation of human cytomegalovirus dna amplification by polymerase chain reaction with cytomegalovirus disease in organ transplant recipients. | seventy-five organ transplant recipients underwent prolonged virological and serological follow-up for early detection of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection after transplantation. hcmv dna detection by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and hcmv early structural antigen (pp65) detection were carried out in 576 peripheral blood leucocyte (pbl) samples. furthermore, 563 blood specimens were investigated by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection ... | 1994 | 8083668 |
| use of recombinant virus to assess human cytomegalovirus early and late promoters in the context of the viral genome. | we have developed a system to study human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) cis-acting promoter elements within the context of the viral genome. a recombinant hcmv (rv134) containing a marker gene (beta-glucuronidase) was used to insert hcmv promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene constructs into the viral genome between open reading frames us9 and us10. using this system, we have studied the promoters for the early dna polymerase gene (ul54), the early-late lower matrix phosphoprotein gene (pp65, ... | 1994 | 8083994 |
| replication, expression, and fate of foreign dna during embryonic and larval development of the african catfish (clarias gariepinus). | the transfer of exogenous dna in fish represents a powerful strategy to study the regulation of gene expression in vivo. the african catfish (clarias gariepinus) was chosen for this study because of its scientific and economic importance due to its easy husbandry, its short developmental period, and its value as a protein source in africa and asia. fertilized eggs (1- and 2-cell stage) were cytoplasmatically injected with either supercoiled or linearized plasmids harboring the fusion genes encod ... | 1994 | 8087184 |
| an in vivo study on active cytomegalovirus infection in relation to active hiv replication in hiv-i infected drug addicts. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) is a major cause of severe disease in hiv-infected persons and some findings suggest that it may accelerate hiv disease. in this study, a total of 621 blood samples from patients with las-arc and aids were analysed in parallel for cmv and hiv-i antigenaemias. results indicate that the presence of cmv antigenaemia and the presence of hiv-i p24 in the blood are highly correlated statistically and encourage other studies on the role of cmv in the evolution of aids. in a ... | 1994 | 8089516 |
| construction of polyepitope fusion antigens of human cytomegalovirus ppul32: reactivity with human antibodies. | we have previously shown that single linear epitopes of the major human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) antigens, expressed as fusion proteins or synthesized as oligopeptides, can be valuable diagnostic material in the serology of hcmv infection (m. p. landini, m. x. guan, g. jahn, w. lindenmaier, m. mach, a. ripalti, a. necker, t. lazzarotto, and b. plachter, j. clin. microbiol. 28:1375-1379, 1990; m. p. landini, t. lazzarotto, a. ripalti, m. x. guan, and m. la placa, j. clin. microbiol. 27:2324-2327, 1 ... | 1994 | 7512094 |
| identification and characterization of a murine cytomegalovirus gene with homology to the ul25 open reading frame of human cytomegalovirus. | monoclonal antibody 1b4, previously shown to be protective in vivo and to cross-react with both virally encoded and normal host cell proteins, was used to screen a lambda gt11 cdna derived from mrna harvested from mouse embryo fibroblasts 24 hr after infection with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). a 700-bp cdna was identified representing the 5'terminus of a 2460-bp open reading frame (orf) with significant homology to the human cytomegalovirus ul25 orf. the ul25 orf of mcmv potentially encodes an ... | 1994 | 7513920 |
| antibodies against sulfated glycosphingolipids of peripheral nerve myelins detected in patients with human cytomegalovirus infection. | in this paper we studied whether cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection could induce a production of antibodies against pns glycosphingolipids (gl). sera from patients with congenital cmv infection were tested for igm and igg antibodies against acidic and neutral gl purified from human pns. tlc-immunostaining assay revealed that the cmv-infected patients' sera contained antibodies against sulfoglucuronyl glycosphingolipids (sggl), which also bound to other sulfatide with a low affinity. no reactivity w ... | 1994 | 7525642 |
| ras oncogene enhances the production of a recombinant protein regulated by the cytomegalovirus promoter in bhk-21 cells. | in order to enhance recombinant protein productivity in animal cells, we developed the oncogene activated production (oap) system. the oap system is based on the premise that oncogenes are able to enhance promoter activity. to this end, we constructed reported plasmids by fusing various promoters to the human interleukin-6 (hil-6) cdna, and the effector plasmids by inserting individual oncogenes, for example c-myc, c-fos, v-jun, v-myb and c-ha-ras, downstream from the human cytomegalovirus immed ... | 1994 | 7766145 |
| the n-7-substituted acyclic nucleoside analog 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine is a potent and selective inhibitor of herpesvirus replication. | 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine (compound s2242) represents the first antivirally active nucleoside analog with the side chain attached to the n-7 position of the purine ring. compound s2242 strongly inhibits the in vitro replication of both herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) (50% effective concentration [ec50], 0.1 to 0.2 microgram/ml), varicella-zoster virus (ec50, 0.01 to 0.02 microgram/ml) and thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient strains of hsv (ec50, 0.4 mic ... | 1994 | 7695251 |
| progression of cytomegalovirus in the rabbit following the intraocular injection of the virus. | there is growing recognition that cytomegalovirus (cmv) is one of the opportunistic infections in patients afflicted with aids. the purpose of the present study was to establish a chronic cmv infection of the central nervous system (cns) in rabbits after intraocular inoculation, to evaluate the therapeutic value of the model for investigation of the effect of antiviral drugs. it was possible to establish a chronic human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) encephalitis after 14-day old rabbits were injected i ... | 1994 | 7699430 |
| high-level expression of human lipocortin i in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe using a novel expression vector. | we have developed a novel expression system that allows the fission yeast, schizosaccharomyces pombe, to be used for the efficient overproduction of heterologous proteins. as an example of the utility of this system, human lipocortin i was expressed to 50 percent of soluble protein, and 150 mg of highly purified material was obtained from 10 grams of wet cell paste. expression of lipocortin i was driven by the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) promoter in a vector that also contains a neomycin resist ... | 1994 | 7764687 |
| gene cloning of the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) antigen reactive with the serum from a hcmv-infected patient. | the human cytomegalovirus(hcmv) gene encoding the protein reactive with the sera of hcmv-infected patient was cloned and characterized. a reactive phage clone was screened from a lambda gt11 expression library of cdna of hcmv ad169 strain using hcmv-infected patient sera. the recombinant protein was expressed as 138 kda-fusion protein with beta-galactosidase, which was reactive with igm or igg hcmv antibody-positive sera, but not with anti-hcmv antibody-negative sera. a homology search of the dn ... | 1994 | 7786444 |
| human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection in paediatric patients given allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: role of early antiviral treatment for hcmv antigenaemia on patients' outcome. | in a prospective study, we evaluated the role of early treatment with ganciclovir of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) pp65-antigenaemia, as well as the risk factors related to the infection in 48 paediatric patients given an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (bmt). hcmv infection occurred in 24 children, the overall actuarial risk of infection at 120 d being 51%. development of acute graft-versus-host disease (gvhd), steroid therapy and serological status of both recipient and donor were the mo ... | 1994 | 7803258 |
| selective permissiveness of tpa differentiated thp-1 myelomonocytic cells for human cytomegalovirus strains ad169 and towne. | two highly passaged laboratory strains of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), ad169 and towne, were tested for their ability to infect and replicate in thp-1 myelomonocytic cells differentiated with 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa). tpa treatment of human thp-1 cells increased the number of cells that expressed hcmv immediate early (ie1) antigen from 0.06% prior to tpa treatment to 12% following cell differentiation. the towne but not the ad169 strain replicated in differentiated thp-1 cells ... | 1994 | 7815920 |
| processing of viral glycoproteins by the subtilisin-like endoprotease furin and its inhibition by specific peptidylchloroalkylketones. | the spike glycoproteins of many enveloped viruses are proteolytically cleaved at the carboxytermini of sequences containing the basic motif r-x-k/r-r. cleavage is often necessary for the fusion capacity of the glycoproteins and, thus, for virus infectivity. among these viruses are pathogenic avian influenza viruses, human parainfluenza virus, human cytomegalovirus, and human immunodeficiency virus; it has been demonstrated that these viruses can be activated by furin. indigenous furin has been i ... | 1994 | 7819326 |
| a copy-number-controlled expression vector for the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. | a novel expression vector for the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe carries the neomycin-resistance-encoding gene regulated by the sv40 early promoter, and its copy number is controlled by the level of geneticin (g418). foreign gene expression is driven by the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) promoter which is transcriptionally active in s. pombe. moreover, the vector expresses foreign genes at high levels, due to the 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr) containing an a + t-rich sequence of about 5 ... | 1994 | 7821791 |
| purification and kinetic characterization of human cytomegalovirus assemblin. | 1994 | 7845223 | |
| cytomegalovirus in liver biopsies of marrow transplant recipients: detection methods, clinical, histological and immunohistological features. | in a retrospective analysis liver biopsy specimens obtained from 44 marrow transplant recipients were studied to evaluate the frequency of local presence of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) and graft-versus-host disease (gvhd)-like histological and immunohistological alterations in patients with and without liver dysfunction following bone marrow transplantation (bmt). in 22 of 28 patients with marked liver dysfunction after bmt and histopathological alterations described as typical for acute gvhd cm ... | 1994 | 7845317 |
| epitope-specific distribution of igg subclasses against antigenic domains on glycoproteins of human cytomegalovirus. | the igg subclass pattern against linear antibody binding sites on glycoproteins of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) was investigated in hcmv-positive healthy blood donors, human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons, sera from mothers with primary hcmv infection during pregnancy and their children, and sequential sera from transplant recipients. as antigens, three immunodominant domains capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies during natural infection were selected on glycoproteins gp58/116 (gb ... | 1994 | 7506283 |
| an in vivo screen for the luciferase transgene in zebrafish. | a simple and economical large-scale in vivo screen for firefly luciferase expression in transgenic zebrafish is described. the screen is a film assay of luminescence during embryogenesis. either luciferin substrate can be microinjected into the embryo, or the embryo can be raised in a luciferin solution. in a test of transient expression in the g0 (microinjected) generation, a construct with the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter gave higher levels of expression than three other constructs. us ... | 1994 | 7535626 |
| detection of human cytomegalovirus by the polymerase chain-reaction in immunosuppressed and immunocompromised patients. | infections caused by human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) are very common in patients who undergo immunosuppression or immunocompromisation. the techniques used for routine hcmv detection are time-consuming and lack specificity and sensitivity. the ability of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to amplify hcmv dna from clinical samples of the patients is a valuable diagnostic tool for the detection of hcmv in the early stages of the infection. we used a pair of primers to amplify a 435 bp region of the ... | 1994 | 21607445 |
| detection of human cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr-virus by the polymerase chain-reaction in patients with beta-thalassemia. | infections caused by human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) are common in multiple transfused patients, such as patients with beta-thalassaemia. the ability of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to amplify hcmv and ebv dna from blood and other samples makes this technique a valuable diagnostic tool for the detection of both viruses in the early stages of the infection. pcr was used for the amplification of a 435 bp region of the immediate early-1 (ie-1) gene of hcmv and a 375 ... | 1994 | 21607447 |
| cytomegalovirus-caused release of collagenase iv from human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) in most normal individuals results in an asymptomatic infection, but under some circumstances, such as in the transplant setting, aids and intrauterine infection of the fetus, hcmv infection can lead to more serious consequences, including central nervous system infection. recently it has been demonstrated that hcmv-infected endothelial cells can be detected in the circulation; however, no mechanism has been suggested. | 1995 | 15566851 |
| pharmacology and clinical use of foscarnet. | foscarnet, licenced by astra pharmaceutical products, is a pyrophosphate analogue that selectively inhibits replication of viruses in infected cells. it inhibits in vitro the replication of all herpes viruses, including human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) at concentrations of 100 to 300 mumol/l and has a dose-related inhibitory effect on hiv-1 virus, influenza virus and hepatitis b virus. it does not require intra-cellular phosphorylation for antiviral activity. oral bioavailability of foscarnet is low ... | 1995 | 18611671 |
| the cytomegalovirus us28 protein binds multiple cc chemokines with high affinity. | human cytomegalovirus encodes several proteins with high similarity to seven transmembrane domain receptors. we investigated the ability of one of these proteins, the product of the us28 open reading frame, to bind various chemoattractant ligands. when transfected into cos-7 cells, the us28 product conferred high affinity binding to the labeled chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1) (kd = 6.0 x 10(-10) m) and rantes (kd = 2.7 x 10(-10) m). binding of these labeled ligands could be ... | 1995 | 7540006 |
| single-chain recombinant human cytomegalovirus protease. activity against its natural protein substrate and fluorogenic peptide substrates. | we report here the production of active recombinant single-chain human cytomegalovirus protease in escherichia coli and development of a continuous assay for this protease. in order to produce the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) protease for structural studies and accurate kinetic analysis, mutation of alanine 143 at an internal cleavage site was introduced to prevent auto-proteolysis. the resulting soluble 29-kda a143q protease was purified to homogeneity as a stable single-chain protein by hydrop ... | 1995 | 7559530 |
| synthesis and anti-dna viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides. | several novel 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d- arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines have been synthesized and evaluated for their anti-human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), anti-hepatitis b virus (hbv), and anti-herpes simplex virus (hsv) activities in vitro. these nucleosides were prepared starting from 2-amino-4-chloro-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro- 3,5-di-o-benzoyl-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (3), which in turn was synthesized by direct glycosylation of the sodium salt o ... | 1995 | 7562929 |
| synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analogs of the nucleoside antibiotics toyocamycin and sangivamycin. | the glycosylation of 3,4-dicyano-2-[(ethoxymethylene)amino]pyrrole (7) with 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-alpha-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl bromide (2) furnished an anomeric mixture of nucleosides (8a,b). this mixture was separated, and the individual anomers were treated with methanolic ammonia to effect a concomitant deblocking and ring closure. this furnished both anomers of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-ara-toyocamycin (9a,b). the cyano moiety of 9b was converted to the carboxamide moiety to furnish 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro ... | 1995 | 7562946 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 vector mediated gene transfer to muscle. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has a broad host range although in natural human infections the virus is neurotropic, establishing latent infections in sensory neurons where the viral dna persists as an intact episome. the establishment of latency does not depend on viral replication functions, suggesting that infection of non-neuronal cells, including tissue of myogenic origin, by replication defective mutants may result in genome persistence in a similar episomal state. in this report a re ... | 1995 | 7584113 |
| the mhc class i homolog encoded by human cytomegalovirus binds endogenous peptides. | the ability of a human cytomegalovirus-encoded homolog of mhc class i molecules to serve as a peptide receptor was investigated. sequencing of peptide material eluted from the purified viral protein revealed a mixture of endogenous peptides with characteristics similar to those eluted from conventional class i molecules, that is, anchor residues, and a predominance of short peptides derived from cytoplasmic proteins. the possible function(s) of this viral mhc homolog are discussed in light of th ... | 1995 | 7584148 |
| evaluation of antigen and antibody detection in urine specimens from children with congenital human cytomegalovirus infection. | fetal infection with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is the leading viral cause of brain damage among newborns at birth or later in life. efforts to screen newborns routinely for shedding of the virus by immunoassay have been hampered by inhibitors in urine, reportedly the host protein beta2-microglobulin (beta 2m). an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of hcmv antigen in which the reactivity was not affected by the presence of beta 2m, but nevertheless inhibi ... | 1995 | 7595408 |
| [current status of human cytomegalovirus disease]. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) can establish lifelong persistence after primary infection with reactivation occurring as a result of immunosuppression. there is much evidence that molecular interactions between the immune system and the hcmv are responsible for immune escape. hcmv in many cells especially in mononuclear blood cells during latency are frequently the source of transmission and spreading and results in a variety of disorders. in this review some data about acute infection in immunoco ... | 1995 | 7597323 |
| host cellular annexin ii is associated with cytomegalovirus particles isolated from cultured human fibroblasts. | a significant amount of host cellular annexin ii was found to be associated with human cytomegalovirus isolated from cultured human fibroblasts (approximately 1,160 molecules per virion). this composition was established by four different analytical approaches that included (i) western blot (immunoblot) analysis of gradient-purified virions with a monoclonal antibody specific for annexin ii, (ii) peptide mapping and sequence analysis of virus-associated proteins and proteins dissociated from vir ... | 1995 | 7609045 |
| early detection of human cytomegalovirus viremia in bone marrow transplant recipients by dna amplification. | surveillance blood cultures for human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) are commonly used to identify the bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients with the highest risk of serious hcmv disease and for whom early interventional ganciclovir therapy would be beneficial. we monitored 36 allogeneic bmt recipients weekly for the presence of hcmv in the blood from 0 to 100 days posttransplantation. viable hcmv in leukocytes (wbc) was detected by shell vial and tube culture methods. hcmv dna in wbc and plasma was d ... | 1995 | 7615738 |
| human cytomegalovirus immediate early and late transcripts are expressed in all major leukocyte populations in vivo. | leukocyte populations were purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorter and analyzed for human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna and mrna using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and cdna pcr, respectively. twenty-two blood samples from 17 patients with active hcmv infection were studied. hcmv dna was detected most frequently in granulocytes and monocytes but was also found in cd4+, cd8+, and cd19+ lymphocytes. viral immediate early and late mrna was found in ficoll-enriched mononuclear cells and polymo ... | 1995 | 7622879 |
| adenovirus-mediated transfer of a gene encoding cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase into hamsters increases hepatic enzyme activity and reduces plasma total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. | clinical interventions that accelerate conversion of cholesterol to bile acids reduce circulating low density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol concentrations. the initial and rate-limiting step in the bile acid biosynthetic pathway is catalyzed by hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase. to examine the effects of transient primary overexpression of this enzyme on sterol metabolism and lipoprotein transport, we constructed a recombinant adenovirus in which a cdna encoding rat 7 alpha-hydroxylase is ... | 1995 | 7635963 |
| construction of a herpes simplex virus/varicella-zoster virus (hsv/vzv) thymidine kinase recombinant with the pathogenic potential of hsv and a drug sensitivity profile resembling that of vzv. | a recombinant of herpes simplex virus (hsv) was constructed in which the hsv thymidine kinase (tk) gene was deleted and the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) tk gene was introduced into the us5 region under the control of the human cytomegalovirus ie promoter. infection with the recombinant (r18) led to the induction of tk although the kinetics of synthesis resembled those of a 'late' gene product. the recombinant was virulent in the zosteriform mouse model with the pattern of pathogenesis similar to ... | 1995 | 7636473 |
| the human cytomegalovirus ul98 gene transcription unit overlaps with the pp28 true late gene (ul99) and encodes a 58-kilodalton early protein. | a murine monoclonal antibody (i2) reacts strongly with the nucleus of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv)-infected human fibroblasts. western blot (immunoblot) analysis using i2 demonstrated that a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 58-kda (e58) was expressed at 5 h after infection, and levels increased through 72 h. immunoblot screening of an early cdna expression library resulted in a positive clone which hybridized to the right end of the xbai c fragment of the hcmv towne strain. further ana ... | 1995 | 7636973 |
| herpes simplex virus vectors overexpressing the glucose transporter gene protect against seizure-induced neuron loss. | we have generated herpes simplex virus (hsv) vectors vie1gt and v alpha 4gt bearing the glut-1 isoform of the rat brain glucose transporter (gt) under the control of the human cytomegalovirus ie1 and hsv alpha 4 promoters, respectively. we previously reported that such vectors enhance glucose uptake in hippocampal cultures and the hippocampus. in this study we demonstrate that such vectors can maintain neuronal metabolism and reduce the extent of neuron loss in cultures after a period of hypogly ... | 1995 | 7638175 |
| infrequency of cytomegalovirus genome in coronary arteriopathy of human heart allografts. | in heart transplantation, long-term engraftment success is severely limited by the rapid development of obliterative disease of the coronary arteries. data from various groups have been suggestive of a pathogenetic role of herpesviruses, particularly human cytomegalovirus, in accelerated allograft coronary artery disease; however, results are not yet conclusive. this study examines the hypothesis that human cytomegalovirus infection of allograft tissues is related pathogenetically and directly t ... | 1995 | 7639338 |
| widely used enhancer of eukaryotic expression vectors is strongly and differentially regulated in fibroblast, myoblast, and teratocarcinoma cell lines. | the expression of transgenes in eukaryotic cells is a powerful approach in cell biology. in most cases, it is based on the activity of strong and constitutive viral cis-acting elements in eukaryotic expression vectors. here we show that a widely used such element derived from an early gene of human cytomegalovirus is strongly and differentially regulated in mouse cell lines. we analyzed cytomegalovirus promoter-driven expression of stably transfected transgenes in growing, confluent, and differe ... | 1995 | 7641818 |
| herpesvirus of turkey recombinant viruses expressing infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vp2 immunogen induce protection against an ibdv virulent challenge in chickens. | two recombinant herpesviruses of turkey (hvt) expressing the vp2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv or gumboro disease virus) have been constructed: vhvt001 and vhvt002. the vp2 open reading frame was inserted at the locus of the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase gene (hsv-1 ul40 homolog) without any exogenous promoter in vhvt001 and at the locus of gl gene (hsv-1 us7 homolog) under the control of the human cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter in vhvt002. the isolation ... | 1995 | 7645252 |
| clinical and practical value of human cytomegalovirus dnaemia detection by semi-nested pcr for follow-up of bmt recipients. | the aim of this prospective study of 162 recipients of bone marrow transplantation (bmt) was to evaluate the use of dnaemia detection by semi-nested pcr for the diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection and hcmv disease. we compared the results obtained for dnaemia with those obtained for viremia, using the shell vial assay. patients were divided in three groups, according to bmt type (allogeneic or autologous) and date of transplant; 876 dnaemia/viremia pairs were analyzed and the ove ... | 1995 | 7655389 |
| cell membrane bound n-acetylneuraminic acid is involved in the infection of fibroblasts and phorbol-ester differentiated monocyte-like cells with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). | we focused on the role of membrane bound sugar residues in the infection of fibroblasts and monocyte-like cells with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). treatment of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (pma) differentiated monocyte-like cells thp-1 or human fibroblasts mrc-5 with lectins specific for n-acetylneuraminic acid (neuac) blocked infection with hcmv. hcmv failed to infect sialidase-treated differentiated thp-1 cells or mrc-5 cells. by using neuac, n-glycolylneuraminic acid (neugl) and alpha 2-3, ... | 1995 | 7661690 |
| the role of human cytomegalovirus in haematological diseases. | infection with hcmv in healthy individuals generally results in mild or subclinical illness. pathogenic infections occur predominantly in immunodeficient patients, such as transplant recipients, neonates and patients with aids. primary infection is frequently latent or chronic and pbls represent sites for virus latency and persistence. hcmv can be recovered from pmnl, monocytes and t-lymphocytes. although virus-related cases of haematopoietic dysfunction are seen infrequently in infected normal ... | 1995 | 7663045 |
| the dna-binding protein pul57 of human cytomegalovirus is a major target antigen for the immunoglobulin m antibody response during acute infection. | a small polypeptide from pul57 of human cytomegalovirus was identified as a major target for the immunoglobulin m antibody response. this antigen seems to be superior to antigenic fragments from pp150 and p52 in the identification of sera from acutely infected patients. it may therefore represent an essential antigen for recombinant immunoglobulin m antibody tests for human cytomegalovirus. | 1995 | 7665674 |
| the dominant phosphoprotein pp65 (ul83) of human cytomegalovirus is dispensable for growth in cell culture. | the phosphoprotein pp65 (ppul83) of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is abundantly synthesized during lytic infection in cultured fibroblasts. as a major constituent of extracellular particles, it gains entry to infected cells immediately after adsorption and subsequently translocates to the cell nucleus. this efficient transport is mediated by unique nuclear localization signals. to study the function of pp65, a viral deletion mutant was constructed by replacing the pp65 gene with the bacterial neo ... | 1995 | 7666500 |
| functional interaction between the human cytomegalovirus 86-kilodalton ie2 protein and the cellular transcription factor creb. | the 86-kda ie2 protein (ie86) of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) has been described as a promiscuous transactivator of viral, as well as cellular, gene expression. investigation of the mechanism used by ie86 to activate gene expression from the early ul112/113 promoter of hcmv revealed the existence of three binding sites for ie86 located between nucleotides -290 and -120 relative to the transcriptional start site (h. arlt, d. lang, s. gebert, and t. stamminger, j. virol. 68:4117-4125, 1994). as sh ... | 1995 | 7666507 |
| a continuous fluorescence-based assay of human cytomegalovirus protease using a peptide substrate. | the 28-kda protease from human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) has been successfully cloned, expressed, and purified to homogeneity. an internally quenched fluorescent substrate (4-4'-dimethylaminophenazo)benzoyl-arg-gly-val-val-asn-ala-ser-ser -arg-leu-ala-5-[(2'-aminoethyl)-amino]-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid; dabcyl-cmv-edans) based on the maturational cleavage site (m-site) junction was synthesized in an effort to develop a fluorescence-based assay. this substrate is cleaved specifically between the a ... | 1995 | 7668375 |
| enhanced hiv-1 replication in v beta 12 t cells due to human cytomegalovirus in monocytes: evidence for a putative herpesvirus superantigen. | hiv-1 replicates more efficiently in cultured il-2-dependent cd4 t cells expressing v beta 12 t cell receptors (tcrs) rather than other tcrs (laurence et al., 1992). a viral reservoir is frequently established in v beta 12 t cells in hiv-1-infected patients. here we show that cytomegalovirus (cmv) is responsible for v beta 12-selective hiv-1 replication that is indistinguishable from the effect of known superantigens (sags). this effect is dependent on direct contact of t cells with cmv-infected ... | 1995 | 7671303 |
| multiplex polymerase chain reaction for human herpesvirus-6, human cytomegalovirus, and human beta-globin dna. | human cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus-6 are closely related viruses which cause similar diseases, have similar cellular repositories of latent infection, and may be detected largely in the same types of clinical specimens. dna amplification appears likely to play an increasing role in the diagnosis of recent and remote infection with these agents. a sensitive multiplex polymerase chain reaction was therefore developed for the two viruses and for human beta-globin dna. optimization of param ... | 1995 | 7673390 |
| postoligomerization folding of human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein b: identification of folding intermediates and importance of disulfide bonding. | human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein b (gb or ul55) has been demonstrated to be a disulfide-linked homodimer within the envelope of mature virions. previously, it has been shown that gb undergoes a rapid dimerization nearly coincident with its synthesis. following dimerization, the molecule slowly folds into a form which can be transported from the endoplasmic reticulum. in this study we have examined the prolonged folding of gb by using a set of defined gb-reactive murine monoclonal antibodies an ... | 1995 | 7474121 |
| identification of the major capsid protein gene of human herpesvirus 7. | two human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6) open reading frames were identified with significant amino acid similarity to ul86 (major capsid protein, mcp) and ul85 of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) in human herpesvirus 7 (hhv-7) genes. the predicted lengths of the complete hhv-7 mcp and the hcmv-ul85 open reading frames were 1344 and 293 amino acids with estimated molecular weights of approximately 153 and 33 kda, respectively. computer analysis showed that the amino acid of hhv-7 mcp was 61% identical to the ... | 1995 | 7483822 |
| membrane related effects in endothelial cells induced by human cytomegalovirus. | previously, we have reported on the increase in procoagulant activity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec) after infection with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). when using microvascular endothelial cells from foreskin (mvec), we also observe a significant increase in membrane perturbation and a concomittant increase in procoagulant activity. this effect is both observed with a laboratory hcmv strain (ad169) with low pathogenicity for endothelium and a huvec adapted strain (vhl-e) that ... | 1995 | 7487491 |
| detection of cytomegalovirus dna in cd34+ cells from blood and bone marrow. | infection of hematopoietic progenitor cells with the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) has been proposed as an explanation for the cytopenias associated with hcmv-related disease. to test this hypothesis, cd34+ cells, which include the hematopoietic progenitors, as well as mature leukocyte populations were purified on a fluorescence-activated cell sorter and analyzed for hcmv dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a total of 33 samples from 31 immunosuppressed as well as immunocompetent hcmv-seropos ... | 1995 | 7492764 |
| binding of cellular repressor protein or the ie2 protein to a cis-acting negative regulatory element upstream of a human cytomegalovirus early promoter. | we have previously shown that the human cytomegalovirus early ul4 promoter has upstream negative and positive cis-acting regulatory elements. in the absence of the upstream negative regulatory region, the positive element confers strong transcriptional activity. the positive element contains a ccaat box dyad symmetry and binds the cellular transcription factor nf-y. the effect of the negative regulatory element is negated by the viral ie2 protein (l. huang, c.l. malone, and m.f. stinski, j. viro ... | 1995 | 7494269 |
| interaction of the 72-kilodalton human cytomegalovirus ie1 gene product with e2f1 coincides with e2f-dependent activation of dihydrofolate reductase transcription. | three polypeptides are produced from the major immediate-early (ie) region of human cytomegalovirus by alternative splicing. the ie gene products regulate subsequent viral and cellular gene expression. we previously reported that cotransfection of a genomic clone of the major ie region stimulated transient expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase driven by the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) promoter and that an intact e2f site was required for the trans activation (m. wade, t. f. kowalik, ... | 1995 | 7494286 |
| human cytomegalovirus ie1 and ie2 proteins block apoptosis. | human cytomegalovirus-infected fibroblasts are resistant to the induction of apoptosis by superinfection with a mutant adenovirus unable to produce the viral e1b 19-kda protein that normally causes an e1a protein-mediated apoptotic response. two cytomegalovirus gene products that block apoptosis were identified. the ie1 and ie2 proteins each inhibit the induction of apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor alpha or by the e1b 19-kda-protein-deficient adenovirus but not by irradiation with uv light. ou ... | 1995 | 7494309 |
| interactions between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus in human term syncytiotrophoblast cells coinfected with both viruses. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) may interact in the pathogenesis of aids. the placental syncytiotrophoblast layer serves as the first line of defense of the fetus against viruses. we analyzed the patterns of replication of hiv-1 and hcmv in singly an dually infected human term syncytiotrophoblast cells cultured in vitro. syncytiotrophoblast cells exhibited restricted permissiveness for hiv-1, while hcmv replication was restricted at the level of immed ... | 1995 | 7884869 |
| [detection of human cytomegalovirus dna by nested polymerase chain reaction]. | detection of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) dna from peripheral blood and urine specimens taken from renal transplant and bone marrow transplant recipients was examined by using nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). results by the pcr were compared with those of healthy subjects. oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify the immediate-early (ie) and the late antigen (v) genes of cmv. amplified dna products were identified by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis and by southern hybridization with alk ... | 1995 | 7884968 |
| tetracycline-reversible silencing of eukaryotic promoters. | a tetracycline-controlled transrepressor protein has been engineered to silence transcriptional activities of eukaryotic promoters that are stably integrated into the chromatin of human cells. by fusing the krab domain of human kox1 to the tet repressor derived from tn10 of escherichia coli, a tetracycline-controlled hybrid protein (tetr-krab) was generated and constitutively expressed in hela cells. the tetr-krab protein binds to tet operator (teto) sequences in the absence but not in the prese ... | 1995 | 7891684 |
| longitudinal analysis of cytomegalovirus load in renal transplant recipients using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction: correlation with disease. | serial surveillance samples of urine collected from 103 renal transplant recipients were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the presence of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna. the pcr results were consistently negative in 70 patients, none of whom developed hcmv disease, and pcr positive in 33 patients of whom 10 developed hcmv disease (p < 0.001). in 12 patients, pcr results were positive in three or more consecutive samples indicating extensive hcmv replication. hcmv load in 104 sam ... | 1995 | 7844553 |
| characterization of human telomeric repeat sequences from human herpesvirus 6 and relationship to replication. | here we examine by polymerase chain reaction amplification followed by cloning and sequence analyses selected regions of the human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6) genome which contain human telomeric repeats (tta-ggg). we determine the relative number, arrangement and orientation of the repeats in the unit length genome, in concatemeric replicative intermediates and in heterogeneous (het) regions. we also examine distribution of the repeats in the entire genome (159 kb) and their orientation relative to d ... | 1995 | 7844567 |
| nuclear targeting of the tegument protein pp65 (ul83) of human cytomegalovirus: an unusual bipartite nuclear localization signal functions with other portions of the protein to mediate its efficient nuclear transport. | large amounts of pp65 (ul83) of human cytomegalovirus are translocated to the cell nucleus during the first minutes after uptake of the tegument protein from infecting viral particles. two stretches of basic amino acids which resembled nuclear localization signals (nls) of both the simian virus 40 type and the bipartite type were found in the primary structure of pp65. deletion of these sequences significantly impaired nuclear localization of the truncated proteins after transient expression. th ... | 1995 | 7815485 |
| a three-nucleotide deletion in the ul97 open reading frame is responsible for the ganciclovir resistance of a human cytomegalovirus clinical isolate. | multiple human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) strains frequently coexist in patients with aids, and chronic ganciclovir treatment may favor the emergence of ganciclovir-resistant viral mutants. we report the molecular and biochemical characterization of a hcmv ganciclovir-resistant strain (vr3480) previously recovered from a patient with aids who was undergoing multiple courses of ganciclovir treatment (g. gerna, f. baldanti, m. zavattoni, a. sarasini, e. percivalle, and m. g. revello, antiviral res. 19 ... | 1995 | 7815545 |
| papillomavirus capsid binding and uptake by cells from different tissues and species. | the inability of papillomaviruses (pv) to replicate in tissue culture cells has hampered the study of the pv life cycle. we investigated virus-cell interactions by the following two methods: (i) using purified bovine pv virions or human pv type 11 (hpv type 11) virus-like particles (vlp) to test the binding to eukaryotic cells and (ii) using different vlp-reporter plasmid complexes of hpv6b, hpv11 l1 or hpv11 l1/l2, and hpv16 l1 or hpv16 l1/l2 to study uptake of particles into different cell lin ... | 1995 | 7815562 |
| quantitation of human cytomegalovirus dna from peripheral blood cells of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients could predict cytomegalovirus retinitis. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) dna copy number in white blood cells from both human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seronegative and hiv-seropositive patients was amplified from the immediate-early region of cmv dna and quantified by colorimetric detection of the hybridization of the amplification product to a detector oligonucleotide probe in microtiter wells. by mann-whitney u test, significantly higher (p < .05, two-tailed) copy numbers of cmv dna were detected in hiv-seropositive patients with ret ... | 1995 | 7798658 |
| genetic engineering of hybridoma glutamine metabolism. | the murine hybridoma pqxb1/2 cannot be adapted to grow in culture media containing < 0.5 mm glutamine. transformants selected following electroporation of pqxb1/2 cells with vectors containing a chinese hamster glutamine synthetase (gs) cdna under the control of the sv40 early promoter also failed to grow in the absence of glutamine in the culture medium. pqxb1/2 cells have, however, been transformed to glutamine independence following electroporation with a vector containing this glutamine synt ... | 1995 | 7766007 |
| ras amplification in bhk-21 cells produces a host cell line for further rapid establishment of recombinant protein hyper-producing cell lines. | to rapidly establish recombinant protein hyper-producing cell lines we introduced a reporter plasmid into bhk-21 cells that had been 'primed' by transfection and amplification of the ras oncogene. the reporter plasmid used carries the human interleukin-6 (hil-6) gene which is under control of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter. the primed bhk cell lines were shown to produce many stable hil-6 hyper-producing cells achieving about 15 times higher productivity than the control bhk- ... | 1995 | 7766036 |
| quantitation of human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein h gene in cells using competitive pcr and a rapid fluorescence-based detection system. | a technique is described for quantitation of the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) glycoprotein h (gh) gene in cells using a quantitative-competitive polymerase chain reaction (qc-pcr). two recombinant dna molecules, differing in size due to a 92-bp deletion within the hcmv gh sequence, were used in co-amplification studies to construct a standard curve from which the copy number of the gh gene present in clinical samples could be interpolated. the use of primers labeled with a fluorescent dye allowe ... | 1995 | 7738153 |
| growth kinetics of human cytomegalovirus are altered in monocyte-derived macrophages. | stimulation of monocytes/macrophages with activated nonadherent cells allows productive nonlytic growth of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), but the viral replication cycle is delayed relative to replication of hcmv in human fibroblasts. analysis of infected monocyte-derived macrophage (mdm) mrna for major immediate-early (mie 86, 72, and 55) and late (pp65 and gb) gene expression by reverse transcription pcr indicates that transcription peaks at 3 and 7 days postinfection (dpi), respectively. in co ... | 1995 | 7745721 |
| protection against leishmaniasis by injection of dna encoding a major surface glycoprotein, gp63, of l. major. | cdna encoding the highly conserved major surface glycoprotein, gp63, of leishmania major was cloned, together with a signal sequence, into an eukaryotic expression vector, pcdnai, which carries the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter. this construct, pcmv/glycoprotein 63 (gp63), when injected into the skeletal muscle of balb/c mice expressed sustained levels of gp63 in the muscle tissue for at least 40 days. spleen and lymph node cells from the immunized mice produced significant amounts of int ... | 1995 | 7750991 |
| [correlation of pcr results to detect hcmv with clinical course of kidney transplant recipients]. | peripheral blood leukocyte (pbl) specimens and urine specimens of 18 renal transplant patients were examined weekly or biweekly for the presence of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique, shell vial procedure and culture. in 11 out of 18 patients, hcmv was detected from either or both of pbl and urine within one to three months after transplantation. hcmv dna was detected by pcr for a longer period of time, in comparison to the shell vial procedure, showing ... | 1995 | 7751743 |
| identification of framework residues required to restore antigen binding during reshaping of a monoclonal antibody against the glycoprotein gb of human cytomegalovirus. | introduction of the complementary determining regions (cdrs) from a murine antibody to a human monoclonal antibody is an important technique (humanization) in the development of human immunotherapeutics. we have humanized murine monoclonal antibody hcmv37 which binds to the gb envelope glycoprotein of human cytomegalovirus. simple transfer of the murine hcmv37 cdrs into heavy- and light-chain framework regions (frs) based on human new and rei, respectively, together with human iggi and k constan ... | 1995 | 7772562 |
| ganciclovir therapy of congenital human cytomegalovirus hepatitis. | 1995 | 7780261 | |
| [detection of human cytomegalovirus in urine by polymerase chain reaction]. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification was set up with double primer pairs of major immediate-early and late gene in order to detect human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) from urine. this method was applied to the detection of hcmv in clinical samples of urine from renal transplant recipients. the result indicated that the primers did not cross react with other members of the herpes family of virus and human genomic dna; that the hcmv ad169 tissue culture mixture used and the dilutions to estimate ... | 1995 | 7781048 |
| quiescent viral genomes in human fibroblasts after infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 vmw65 mutants. | the development and utilization of a tissue culture system for the analysis of quiescent, nonreplicating herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) genomes is described. it was demonstrated previously that the hsv-1 vmw65 mutant in1814, which is impaired for immediate early (ie) transcription, was retained for many days in human fetal lung (hfl) fibroblasts in a quiescent 'latent' state. molecular analysis of the viral genome was not possible, however, due to residual expression of ie proteins and cons ... | 1995 | 7782770 |
| expression of beta-galactosidase in neurons of dorsal root ganglia which are latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | explanation into culture of dorsal root ganglia (drg) latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) causes reactivation of the virus. previous studies have suggested that either latency-associated transcripts (lats) were removed as an early consequence of reactivation or, alternatively, there was a population of latently infected cells which did not contain lats. we have now attempted to detect this population of neurons by inserting a reporter gene (escherichia coli lacz gene), und ... | 1995 | 7782783 |
| activation and deactivation of membrane currents in human fibroblasts following infection with human cytomegalovirus. | the whole cell patch clamp technique was used to study the effects on membrane currents of infection of cultured human embryonic lung (hel) fibroblasts with human cytomegalovirus (cmv). four types of membrane currents were found in uninfected hel cells, namely: ca(2+)-activated potassium current, inward rectifier potassium current, delayed rectifier potassium current and voltage-dependent cmv. voltage-dependent sodium current was detected in 30% of uninfected hel cells whenever they were examine ... | 1995 | 7535102 |
| repression of transient expression by dna methylation in transcribed regions of reporter genes introduced into cultured human cells. | we developed a convenient method to methylate all cpg dinucleotides in both strands in a selected region of a plasmid, and investigated the effect of dna methylation in the transcribed regions of reporter genes on the transient expression in hela cells. in a construct containing the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene linked to the sv40 early promoter, methylation in the cat structural gene repressed cat activity. methylation in the transcribed region of the escherichia coli lacz gene d ... | 1995 | 7999798 |
| recombinant mono- and polyantigens to detect cytomegalovirus-specific immunoglobulin m in human sera by enzyme immunoassay. | serological detection of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv)-specific antibody varies greatly because of antigen composition and the lack of antigen standardization. antigenic materials composed of single well-characterized viral proteins or portions of them, produced via molecular biology, have proven to be promising tools in improving serodiagnosis. we constructed a recombinant protein containing two regions of ppul32 (p150) and half of ppul44 (p52) and compared the immunoglobulin m (igm) reactivity ... | 1995 | 8567879 |
| vaccination of mice with herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein d dna produces low levels of protection against lethal hsv-1 challenge. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein d (gd) gene was inserted into vectors psvl or prc/cmv under control of the sv40 late promoter or the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoter, respectively. intramuscular injection of mice with these gd-containing plasmids appeared to induce low levels of serum anti-gd antibody, as judged by the appearance of low levels of anti-hsv-1-neutralizing antibody and anti-gd elisa responses in the serum of gd-dna-vaccinated mice. as previo ... | 1995 | 8585768 |
| high-level expression from a cytomegalovirus promoter in macrophage cells. | to identify vectors that provide optimal gene expression in human hematopoietic cells, we investigated retroviruses containing the adenosine deaminase (ada) gene under the transcriptional control of the promoters/enhancers of moloney murine leukemia virus and the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) immediate-early gene. ada expression was monitored in transduced human multipotential promyelocytic leukemic hl-60 cells and human monocytic leukemic thp-1 cells. hl-60 cells can be induced by phorbol ester t ... | 1995 | 8590737 |