Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| thyroid hypofunction related with the progression of human immunodeficiency virus infection. | thyroid function was evaluated in 119 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients at different stages of infection, compared with euthyroid normal subjects and hepatitis c virus infected blood donors as control groups. the low t3 state, well documented in severe nonthyroidal illnesses, was not found in these hiv infected patients. they showed lower ft4 levels and higher tsh and tbg values than euthyroid normal controls. these findings suggested a thyroid hypofunction becoming more evide ... | 1993 | 8370915 |
| [slow virus infection in the field of obstetrics and gynecology--with special reference to hbv, htlv-1 and hcv]. | the slow virus infection (svi) established by gajdusek dc in 1964 has been known to involve not only kuru or creutzfeldt-jakob disease but also hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection and very recently human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1) or hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection. these all viruses potentially develop serious, irreversible disease, ie, hepatoma or adult t-cell leukemia, after long latent periods. hbv, htlv-1 and hcv can be transmitted vertically from carrier mothers to their off ... | 1993 | 8371012 |
| [transfusion-induced virus infections: how great is the risk?]. | the risk of infection by blood transfusions contaminated with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and/or the hepatitis c virus (hcv) was dramatically reduced after the introduction of blood donor screening using specific and sensitive 2nd- or 3rd-generation enzyme immunoassays for virus antibody detection. in addition, donors selection provides the greatest safety. the strategy for safe blood supply includes medical examination and self-exclusion of donors. for example, in german blood donors ... | 1993 | 8374287 |
| hepatitis viruses and protection against infection in children. | molecular biology techniques are now a vital part of hepatitis virology, with a central role in studies of diagnosis, epidemiology, virology, pathogenesis, and natural history of infection. cloning of the genome of hepatitis e virus has allowed its tentative classification as a calici- or related virus, and is the first step toward the development of a vaccine. long-term implications of hepatitis c for groups such as children with hemophilia, thalassemia, and even leukemia can be better understo ... | 1993 | 8374624 |
| perinatal infections. | information concerning the most recently discovered infections with perinatal implications is constantly expanding. hepatitis c virus is responsible for the majority of cases of sporadic and transfusion-related non-a, non-b hepatitis. its prevalence in the general obstetric population is approximately 2%, but it is much higher in intravenous drug users and recipients of blood transfusions. the risk of vertical transmission is probably small (approximately 4.5%), but mothers coinfected with hepat ... | 1993 | 8381035 |
| search for intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis c virus in hemophilia patients. | this study was performed to determine the risk of family members of anti-hepatitis c virus (hcv)-positive hemophilia patients (index patients) for infection with hcv compared with the risk of acquiring hepatitis b virus (hbv), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and hepatitis a virus (hav) infection. all index patients (n = 141) were found to be positive by first and second generation anti-hcv enzyme immunoassays (eias). among their household contacts (n = 228), 224 were negative and 1 positive ... | 1993 | 8381312 |
| elevated serum testosterone levels and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. | serum samples of 9691 male adults had been collected and frozen for a prospective study of hepatocellular carcinoma in taiwan. after an average follow-up period of 4.6 years, testosterone levels in the stored serum were measured by radioimmunoassay using commercial kits for 35 cases of newly developed hepatocellular carcinoma, 63 hepatitis b surface antigen-negative and 77 hepatitis b surface antigen-positive matched controls. elevated testosterone levels were found to be associated with an incr ... | 1993 | 8381328 |
| patterns of antibodies to hepatitis c virus in patients with chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis and their relationship to viral replication and liver disease. | patients with hepatitis c virus infection may have circulating antibodies to various structural and nonstructural antigens of the virus. to assess whether the antibody profile is related to epidemiological or clinical features of chronic infection or to viral replication, sera from 172 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis were studied for antibodies to nonstructural and structural hepatitis c virus antigens and for serum hepatitis c virus rna with the polymerase ... | 1993 | 8381380 |
| infrequent vertical transmission of hepatitis c virus. | the rate of vertical transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv) was determined by a combination of assays for anti-hcv antibody and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in 66 children born to infected mothers. only 4 children showed evidence of infection with hcv, being positive for anti-hcv in all samples collected from 6 months to 5 years of age. all samples from the remaining 62 children were repeatedly anti-hcv-negative on screening by two second-generation antibody assays. furthermore, samples ... | 1993 | 8382718 |
| recombinant immunoblot assays for hepatitis c in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected us navy personnel. | the prevalence of hepatitis a, b, c, and d viruses was studied in 467 military personnel with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection. antibody to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) by first-generation elisa was found in 136 (29%). of sera repeatedly reactive for anti-hcv by first-generation elisa, two-antigen recombinant immunoblot assay (riba) was positive in 41 (32%) and four-antigen riba was positive in 55 (41%). four-antigen riba was positive in 33 (30%) of the 109 with an od on eli ... | 1993 | 8382719 |
| non-a, non-b posttransfusion hepatitis: comparing c and non-c hepatitis. | using assays to detect antibodies against antigens (c-100, 5-1-1, c-22 and c-33) of the hepatitis c virus, we tested stored sera from 40 patients prospectively identified as having non-a, non-b posttransfusion hepatitis. the 28 patients who demonstrated seroconversion ("documented hepatitis c") had more severe initial disease; all 20 cases of chronic hepatitis occurred in this subgroup. only 2 of the 12 patients who did not demonstrate such seroconversion even had symptoms. in the group of patie ... | 1993 | 8383087 |
| hepatitis c virus antibodies in acute and chronic liver disease in india. | the prevalence of serum antibodies to hepatitis c virus was assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in patients with epidemic non-a, non-b hepatitis (14), sporadic non-a, non-b hepatitis (42), chronic hepatitis (14) and cirrhosis (26). none of the patients with epidemic non-a, non-b hepatitis (14) and acute self-limiting sporadic non-a, non-b hepatitis without prior parenteral exposure (38) tested positive for hepatitis c virus antibody. based on epidemiologic features, hepatitis e viru ... | 1993 | 8383158 |
| equilibrium centrifugation studies of hepatitis c virus: evidence for circulating immune complexes. | the buoyant density of hepatitis c virus (hcv), with high in vivo infectivity (strain h) or low in vivo infectivity (strain f), was determined by sucrose gradient equilibrium centrifugation. viral rna of strain h was detected in fractions with densities of < or = 1.09 g/ml (principally approximately 1.06 g/ml), while that of strain f was found in fractions with densities of approximately 1.06 and approximately 1.17 g/ml. the observed difference was confirmed by differential flotation centrifugat ... | 1993 | 8383220 |
| hepatitis c virus associated primary hepatocellular carcinoma in a noncirrhotic liver. | the case of a 71-year-old man with a primary hepatocellular carcinoma in a non-cirrhotic liver is reported. there were no risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc)-like liver cirrhosis, alcohol drinking, tobacco smoking, exposure to vinyl chloride, thorotrast, aflatoxin or alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. serologically, the patient was positive for antibodies to the hepatitis b virus (anti-hbc, anti-hbs) and for anti-hepatitis c virus (hcv) antibodies. virologically, positive and negative st ... | 1993 | 8384032 |
| [infection by hiv and the hepatitis b, c, and d viruses in intravenous drug addicts. seroprevalence at 1 year and its follow-up]. | the aim of the present article was to study the serology of intravenous drug user patients against the hepatitis b, c, d, and hiv, during 1990 and the follow-up during the same year, and 1991. | 1993 | 8384891 |
| [molecular genotypes of hepatitis c virus and their divergence times]. | we collected the nucleotide sequences of hepatitis c virus (hcv) from the international dna data base ddbj/embl/genbank to carry out molecular evolutionary analysis of hcvs. using these sequences, we constructed the phylogenetic trees for the 5' non-coding, core, env., e2/ns1, ns3, ns4 and ns5 regions of hcv. the number of nucleotide substitutions per site at all positions between all pairs of hcvs, for each region, were estimated by the 6-parameter method. using these numbers, we constructed ph ... | 1993 | 8385234 |
| [viral risks associated with blood transfusion]. | the presence of viruses in blood cells or plasma from asymptomatic donors is the major risk of transmitting an infectious agent through blood transfusion. the main viruses involved are hepatitis viruses and retroviruses. the risk of transmitting hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) has been progressively and efficiently reduced in the last years by the successive introduction of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) screening, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (alt), antibody ... | 1993 | 8386512 |
| localization of hepatitis c viral rna and capsid protein in human liver. | in the livers of patients whose sera contained antibodies to c100-3 antigen (anti-hcv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna, the presence of hcv rna and hcv capsid protein (cp) antigen was demonstrated by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. it was found that occasional hepatocytes in four of ten livers from patients whose sera were positive for both anti-hcv and hcv rna hybridized with antisense as well as sense oligonucleotide dna probes, whereas the probes did not hybridiz ... | 1993 | 8387003 |
| failure to detect hepatitis c virus (hcv) genome by polymerase chain reaction in human anti-hcv-positive intravenous immunoglobulins. | the prevalence of hcv antibodies was determined by a second-generation elisa and a four-antigen recombinant immunoblot assay in nine intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) preparations commercially available in italy. in addition, the clinical safety of six of them was ascertained by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of hcv rna and a prospective study in 14 patients with immunodeficiency disorders. results indicated that all ivig preparations were anti-hcv-positive. however, there were substantial vari ... | 1993 | 8387411 |
| translation of human hepatitis c virus rna in cultured cells is mediated by an internal ribosome-binding mechanism. | the human hepatitis c virus (hcv) contains a long 5' noncoding region (5' ncr). computer-assisted and biochemical analyses suggest that there is a complex secondary structure in this region that is comparable to the secondary structures that are found in picornaviruses (e.a. brown, h. zhang, l.-h. ping, and s.m. lemon, nucleic acids res. 20:5041-5045, 1992). previous in vitro studies suggest that the hcv 5' ncr plays an important role during translation (k. tsukiyama-kohara, n. iizuka, m. kohara ... | 1993 | 8388503 |
| liver biopsy and the etiologic diagnosis of chronic hepatitis. | the histological features of chronic viral hepatitis differ according to etiological agent and replicative phases. thus, in chronic hbv hepatitis with a high level of hbv replication the histological lesion is generally mild. during the seroconversion phase, a lobular lesion is present in the liver biopsy followed by amelioration of the disease. chronic delta hepatitis is very aggressive histologically, progression to cirrhosis is frequent, and sanded nuclei are often observed in liver biopsies ... | 1993 | 8389784 |
| molecular cloning and heterogeneity of the human hepatitis c virus (hcv) genome. | the japanese variant of the hepatitis c virus (hcv-n) genome, consisting of 9440 nucleotides in length, was cloned from a small amount (2 ml) of plasma from a single japanese carrier by using rt-pcr and modified rt-pcr. the hcv-n genome has a long open reading frame that encodes a 3014 amino acid polyprotein with 340 and 57 bases of 5' and 3' non-coding sequences, respectively. hcv-n has a 4-amino-acid insertion in the ns5 region as compared to other hcv isolates, but this insertion is found to ... | 1993 | 8389788 |
| expression, identification and subcellular localization of the proteins encoded by the hepatitis c viral genome. | we have expressed the full-length coding region and selected domains of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) cdna in mammalian cells by transfection. using hcv antibody-positive human sera and monospecific antibodies the proteins encoded by the putative structural and non-structural regions of the open reading frame of hcv were identified as core (p22), e1 (gp32-35), e2 (gp68-72), ns2 (p23), ns3 (p72), ns4a and b (p10 and p27) and ns5a and b (p56 and p70). we have also defined the subcellular localizatio ... | 1993 | 8389800 |
| a unique, predominant hepatitis c virus variant found in an infant born to a mother with multiple variants. | to demonstrate vertical transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv) from an hcv-infected, non-human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected mother to her infant and to assess the distribution of viral species in the mother and infant, the hypervariable region of the gene encoding the putative envelope glycoprotein e2 (e2hv) was sequenced in three mothers and one mother-infant pair. the data indicate that (i) quasi-species distributions of hcv e2hv variants were found in all four mothers, (ii) a singl ... | 1993 | 8389933 |
| tumor-suppressor p53 gene in hepatitis c and b virus-associated human hepatocellular carcinoma. | abnormalities of the tumor-suppressor p53 gene have been discovered in human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). it is unclear, however, whether hcc related to chronic viral hepatitis is associated with p53 gene alterations. in this study, we have examined p53 abnormalities in hcc associated with hepatitis c and b virus (hcv and hbv) infections. tissues from 18 hcc patients from several hospitals throughout the united states were collected (9 were hcv-infected, 5 were hbv-infected, 1 was hcv/hbv-inf ... | 1993 | 8390407 |
| correlation between the infectivity of hepatitis c virus in vivo and its infectivity in vitro. | a murine retrovirus-infected human t-cell line, hpb-ma, supported replication of hepatitis c virus (hcv) at least as well as the previously reported molt4-ma cells. cloning of hpb-ma cells revealed a clonal variation of cellular susceptibility to hcv infection. using one of the sensitive clones, we tested hcv inocula from different sources for their infectivity titer in cell culture. the in vitro titers obtained correlated with the reported infectivity titers of the inocula in chimpanzees. thus, ... | 1993 | 8392185 |
| [hepatitis viruses and pregnancy]. | infections with hepatitis virus a, b, c, d or e can also be observed during pregnancy. furthermore, pregnant carriers of hepatitis b virus, occurring at various frequencies in different populations, represent an important source of infection. the course and the outcome of hepatitis a, b, c and d do not seem to be significantly affected by pregnancy. a fulminant hepatitis e, however, which is observed only rarely in europe, can be induced by pregnancy and labor. fetal malformations have not been ... | 1993 | 8392489 |
| prospective assessment of donor blood screening for antibody to hepatitis c virus and high-titer antibody to hbcag as a means of preventing posttransfusion hepatitis. | since december 1989, the japan red cross blood bureau has screened blood donors for hepatitis c virus antibody on the basis of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high titers of antibody to hbc antigen. to elucidate the effectiveness of the new screening tests in preventing posttransfusion hepatitis, the incidence of posttransfusion hepatitis after the introduction of the new tests (december 1989 to december 1990) was compared with the incidence before their introduction (january 1982 to decem ... | 1993 | 8393422 |
| diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis with hepatitis c virus-like particles in paramesangial dense deposits in a patient with chronic hepatitis c virus hepatitis. | a 62-year-old man with hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection developed proliferative glomerulonephritis with igm and c3 deposits. electron microscopy showed hcv-like particles in the paramesangial dense deposits, which are similar in shape to hcv previously described. these findings suggest hcv-related proliferative glomerulonephritis. | 1993 | 8393534 |
| a clinicopathologic study of adenomatous hyperplasia of the liver in 209 consecutive cirrhotic livers examined by autopsy. | adenomatous hyperplasia (ah), also called macroregenerative nodule, of the cirrhotic liver is currently considered to be a preneoplastic or early neoplastic lesion in human hepatocellular carcinogenesis. | 1993 | 8394196 |
| viral infection including hiv and aids. | viruses have long been considered candidates for infectious etiologic agents or cofactors in the development of rheumatic diseases. the current epidemic of hiv infection has focused both scientific and lay interest on identifying such agents and understanding their role in precipitating and perpetuating disease. during 1992, the role of hepatitis c virus infection in cryoglobulinemia was further defined. interest in members of the herpesviridae family was raised. the potential for postvaccinatio ... | 1993 | 8395196 |
| treatment with recombinant alpha-interferon of chronic hepatitis c in anti-hiv-positive patients. | a pilot study of chronic hepatitis c treatment was conducted in 14 patients (13 had chronic active hepatitis and 1 had liver cirrhosis). all patients were asymptomatic for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 (mean cd4 count of 584 +/- 283 cells/mm3). patients received 9 mu rifn-alpha 2a per day for three months. after this, patients received 9 mu three times weekly for three months, 6 mu for another three months on the same protocol, and finally 3 mu again three times weekly for the la ... | 1993 | 8395552 |
| suppression of hepatitis b virus expression and replication by hepatitis c virus core protein in huh-7 cells. | hepatitis b and c viruses (hbv and hcv, respectively) are associated with acute and chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma. to elucidate the molecular status of superinfection with these two hepatitis viruses, we cotransfected the full-length or truncated version of hcv structural genes (core and envelope 1) together with the cloned hbv dna into a human hepatoma cell line (huh-7). expression of hbv-specific major transcripts (3.5 and 2.1 kb), as well as hbv antigens (hepatitis b sur ... | 1993 | 8396658 |
| hepatitis c virus ns3 protein polynucleotide-stimulated nucleoside triphosphatase and comparison with the related pestivirus and flavivirus enzymes. | sequence motifs within the nonstructural protein ns3 of members of the flaviviridae family suggest that this protein possesses nucleoside triphosphatase (ntpase) and rna helicase activity. the rna-stimulated ntpase activity of this protein from prototypic members of the pestivirus and flavivirus genera has recently been established and enzymologically characterized. here, we experimentally demonstrate that the ns3 protein from a member of the third genus of flaviviridae, human hepatitis c virus ... | 1993 | 8396675 |
| production and characterization of a human monoclonal antibody to the hepatitis c virus ns4 region. | 1993 | 8396822 | |
| importance of the polymerase chain reaction in the study of hepatitis c virus infection. | recently, the principal etiological agent of parenterally transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis was molecularly cloned from the plasma of an experimentally infected chimpanzee and has been named hepatitis c virus. determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the hepatitis c virus genome was a crucial step in preparing the way for future study of this medically important human pathogen. due to the very low concentration of virus in serum, amplification of viral rna sequences by reverse trans ... | 1993 | 8400334 |
| argentinian doctors accused of spreading aids. | the provincial ministry of health has taken over a dialysis center in la plata, argentina, following the discovery that at least 20 of the clinic's 34 regular patients have been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). catheters of the clinic's dialysis machines were found to be contaminated with hiv. the 5 physicians associated with the centro modelo de dialisis have been discharged for negligence. 20 of the regular patients also contracted hepatitis c. argentinian law stipulate ... | 1993 | 8401012 |
| expression in e. coli and purification of a chimeric p22-ns3 recombinant antigen of hepatitis c virus (hcv). | a recombinant antigen (p22-ns3), possessing putative hcv nucleocapsid protein (p22) and non-structural protein 3 (ns3) epitopes, was heavily expressed in e. coli and purified. the p22-ns3 purified recombinant antigen strongly reacts with sera containing human antibodies directed against p22 and ns3 providing a starting point for the design of an hcv single all-encompassing antigen for a blood screening assay. | 1993 | 8405360 |
| high-risk groups and screening strategies for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease. | characteristics of high-risk groups for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in japan were studied to establish screening strategies for early detection of the tumor. some 93% of patients with hcc were associated with chronic liver disease. on the other hand, 67% of patients with liver cirrhosis had hcc at autopsy. most were related to current hepatitis virus infection. an analysis of risk factors among 120 patients with chronic hepatitis revealed that age and histological findings were independent ri ... | 1993 | 8406298 |
| genetic changes and histopathological grades in human hepatocellular carcinomas. | loss of heterozygosity (loh) on chromosomes 1p, 4q, 5q, 8p, 13q, 16q, 17p, and 22q, and mutation of the p53 gene were simultaneously analyzed in 63 hepatocellular carcinomas (hccs) with distinct histopathological grades, 80% of the tumors being from patients who had been exposed to hepatitis b virus (hbv) or hepatitis c virus (hcv). the frequencies of loh on 8 chromosomes were 0-25% in 10 well differentiated hccs, loh being observed on 4q, 5q and 17p, 21-53% in 26 moderately differentiated hccs, ... | 1993 | 8407553 |
| high prevalence of anti-cardiolipin antibody, c1q-, c3d-, and mrf-igg immune complexes, and anti-nuclear antibody in hemophiliacs irrespective of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | we investigated the prevalence of various autoantibodies [anti-cardiolipin antibody (acl), lupus anticoagulant (la), immune complexes (ics), anti-nuclear antibody (ana), and anti-deoxyribonucleic acid antibody (adna)] in hemophiliac individuals with (n = 50) and without (n = 42) infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). the positivity rate for ana was similar in both groups, and none of the patients was positive for la and adna. acl was positive in 35 of 50 (70%) hiv-1-positive h ... | 1993 | 8410668 |
| characterization of hepatitis c virus envelope glycoprotein complexes expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses. | we constructed recombinant vaccinia virus vectors for expression of the structural region of hepatitis c virus (hcv). infection of mammalian cells with a vector (vv/hcv1-906) encoding c-e1-e2-ns2 generated major protein species of 22 kda (c), 33 to 35 kda (e1), and 70 to 72 kda (e2), as observed previously with other mammalian expression systems. the bulk of the e1 and e2 expressed by vv/hcv1-906 was found integrated into endoplasmic reticulum membranes as core-glycosylated species, suggesting t ... | 1993 | 8411378 |
| risk factors for hepatitis c virus seropositivity in heterosexual couples. | to determine the risk of heterosexual transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv) and to identify other risk factors for hcv seropositivity in heterosexual couples. | 1993 | 8418342 |
| detection of hepatitis b virus in plasma using flow cytometric analyses of polymerase chain reaction-amplified dna incorporating digoxigenin-11-dutp. | blood donations are routinely screened by multiple serologic assays for antigens/antibodies associated with infection by blood-borne viruses, including hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), human immunodeficiency viruses (hiv-1 and hiv-2), and human t-cell lymphotropic virus (htlv-i and htlv-ii). a direct detection of these viruses would be more effective for the prevention of transfusion-transmitted infections than the indirect measurement of the variable host immune response to the ... | 1993 | 8427989 |
| occupational risks of infection in the surgical management of trauma patients. | the evolution of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome secondary to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) has resulted in increased concern by surgeons and other members of the health care team with respect to occupationally acquired viral infections. hepatitis b, hepatitis c, and other viral infections of the liver remain more important than hiv as a cause of morbidity and death for surgeons. reduction in risk of these infections for surgeons can be achieved by hepatitis b vaccination, better ... | 1993 | 8438997 |
| osha's bloodborne pathogens standard: analysis and recommendations. | just over a year ago, the occupational safety and health administration (osha) issued the final bloodborne pathogens standard, "occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens; final rule," which requires healthcare institutions to protect their employees from all occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens." according to osha, the only criterion for applying the standard is the likelihood of exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials (opims). thus, the standard is designed to ... | 1993 | 8444629 |
| human coagulation factor ix: assessment of thrombogenicity in animal models and viral safety. | thromboembolic complications associated with prothrombin complex concentrate treatment may be related to the high levels of factors ii and x in these products. we report here results from preclinical safety studies with a human coagulation factor ix product (alphanine; alpha therapeutic corp., los angeles, calif.) that contains no detectable factor ii or vii and less than 10 units of factor x/100 units of factor ix. this product was manufactured from virally inactivated factor ix complex with a ... | 1993 | 8445288 |
| false-positive serologic tests for human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i among blood donors following influenza vaccination, 1992. | from october 31 through december 15, 1991, 10 blood donors to the american red cross blood services, badger region (arcbs), were found to have false-positive screening enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for antibodies to two or more of the following viruses: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), human t-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 (htlv-i), and hepatitis c virus (hcv). an investigation by the division of health, wisconsin department of health and social services (wdoh), and t ... | 1993 | 8446101 |
| viral hepatitis and drugs: a continuing problem. | a seroepidemiological survey of a group of drug abusers has been carried out to determine the prevalence of hepatitis c virus and hepatitis b virus, hepatitis d virus, hepatitis a virus infection markers in sera, as well as to evaluate the role of potential risk factors. a total of 645 symptomless subjects with a history of injecting heroin were recruited as volunteers from methadone maintenance centres in rome. for all hepatitis viruses the total figures showed high prevalence rates giving cons ... | 1993 | 8449633 |
| viral safety of clotting factor concentrates. | the efforts to reduce the risk of viral disease due to clotting factor concentrates have been quite successful. however, additional steps need to be taken to protect the users of these products. first, all patients should be vaccinated against hepatitis b. second, vaccines against other viruses need to be developed. there is a great deal of interest in an hiv vaccine, and a vaccine against hepatitis c would also be a great boon to the "at risk" population. third, more effective inactivation proc ... | 1993 | 8456324 |
| [autoimmune chronic active hepatitis]. | autoimmune chronic active hepatitis is a rare type of chronic active hepatitis which occurs with a bimodal age distribution (10 to 30 or > or = 50 years) most frequently in women. it is characterized by negative markers for other possible (e.g. viral) etiologies, hypergammaglobulinemia and a number of circulating autoantibodies. according to the latter, several subgroups can be discriminated today. histology shows chronic active hepatitis with chronic, sometimes plasma-cell-rich infiltration of ... | 1993 | 8456413 |
| [hepatitis and hepatocarcinogenesis in the transgenic mice]. | persistent hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is epidemiologically closely associated with the development of human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). a molecular mechanism that would explain the strong epidemiological link of persistent hbv infection with hccs is still open to debate. among hbv carriers, hcc develops only in patients with chronic liver disease, such as chronic active hepatitis, liver fibrosis, or liver cirrhosis. in other words, hepatitis-related proliferative changes, which are ma ... | 1993 | 8464165 |
| ["needlestick" accidents--procedures following potentially infectious exposure in medical personnel]. | accidental exposure to blood carries with it a definite risk for the health care worker of infection by various bloodborne pathogens, especially the hepatitis b, hepatitis c, and human immunodeficiency virus. the risk of transmission from exposure to hiv is lower than that associated with exposure to hbv and hcv. should hiv infection occur, however, the outcome is likely to be fatal. although general infection control precautions, safer use of needles, gloves, and other procedures may substantia ... | 1993 | 8488385 |
| [chronic viral hepatitis: current diagnosis and therapy]. | viral infections are major causes of chronic liver diseases. the etiologic agents are hepatitis b virus (hbv), the hbv-associated hepatitis delta virus (hdv) and hepatitis c (hcv). in general, these viral infections can be specifically identified by serological tests and molecular techniques. the identification of the causative agents is clinically relevant both for epidemiologic-preventive and therapeutic considerations. the therapy of choice for chronic viral hepatitis b or c is interferon-alf ... | 1993 | 8493436 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis c virus infection. | the availability of the anti-hcv assay has confirmed most of the suspicions and predictions regarding the epidemiology of nanb hepatitis virus made before the discovery of hcv. it is now clear that hcv is responsible for the majority of cases of post-transfusion and sporadic nanb hepatitis, as well as of most cases of unidentified chronic liver disease. it seems plausible that hcv may act as a negative co-factor in other chronic liver diseases, especially those caused by alcohol, other hepatitis ... | 1993 | 8509643 |
| [health personnel and viral hepatitis. risk and prevention]. | health care workers are exposed to the risk of viral hepatitis. there has recently been a shift in epidemiology from hepatitis b to hepatitis a, and these subjects are less and less spontaneously immunized before entering their profession; vaccination, therefore, should benefit them. concerning hepatitis b, vaccination has made a huge impact and considerably reduced the number of occupational cases. the occupational risk for hepatitis c virus infection seems to be much lower than the risk for he ... | 1993 | 8511103 |
| chronic hepatitis in multiple virus infection: histopathological evaluation. | the frequency and histological pattern of multiple hepatitis virus infection was studied in 161 italian patients who had consecutively undergone liver biopsy from 1989 to 1991. the histological features were compared with that of infection with a single virus. thirty-nine per cent of patients had evidence of past or present multiple infection, the commonest of which was hepatitis c virus (hcv) in patients with evidence of previous infection with hepatitis b virus (hbv). in general, the severity ... | 1993 | 8514275 |
| prevention of acute and chronic liver disease through immunization: hepatitis b and beyond. | liver disease caused by hepatotrophic viruses imposes a substantial burden on health care resources. persistent infections from hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus, and hepatitis delta virus result in chronic liver disease, while hepatitis a virus and hepatitis e virus produce a self-limited disease. effective hepatitis b vaccines that provide long-term protection against chronic hbv infection have been available for > 10 years, while inactivated hepatitis a vaccines have recently been sh ... | 1993 | 8515136 |
| human coronavirus oc43 rna 4 lacks two open reading frames located downstream of the s gene of bovine coronavirus. | nucleotide sequences between the spike (s) and membrane (m) protein genes of the oc43 strain of human corona-virus were obtained from pcr-amplified viral mrnas. sequence analysis of this region revealed the presence of two orfs encoding proteins of 12.9 and 9.5 kda. these two proteins were identified as putatively nonstructural (ns) due to their homology to the corresponding bcv ns gene products. northern blot analysis indicated that each of these two genes was present on a separate mrna (5 and ... | 1993 | 8517026 |
| clinical evaluation of viral safety of coagulation factor viii and ix concentrates. | virucidal methods to inactivate infectious agents are based on various methods of heating or chemically treating plasma concentrates of coagulation factors viii and ix used in the treatment of hemophilia a and b. this clinical evaluation of the viral safety of such 'treated' concentrates is mainly based on the prospective study of previously untreated hemophiliacs by means of clinical and serological markers of viral infection. although there have been a few focal episodes of human immunodeficie ... | 1993 | 8517048 |
| molecular biology of viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. | five viruses are the major causes of hepatitis. these viruses are totally unrelated to each other in structure and mode of replication despite the similarity in the acute syndrome produced by each virus. hav is a single-stranded rna virus that has a very stable capsid and whose proteins are derived from a single polyprotein. hbv is a dna virus that replicates through an rna intermediate. hcv is a labile single-stranded rna virus whose proteins are derived from a polyprotein. hdv is a defective r ... | 1993 | 8275664 |
| the frequency of blood-born viral infections in a population of multitransfused brazilian patients. | the frequency of viral markers for hepatitis b (hbv) and c (hcv), human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1) and human t-lymphotropic virus-1 (htlv-1) was evaluated in 32 brazilian beta-thalassemia multitransfused patients. additionally the serum concentrations of ferritin and alanine aspartate transaminase (alat) were determined. the results show a high prevalence of markers of infection by hbv (25.0%) and hcv (46.8%) and a low prevalence of markers for hiv-1 and htlv-1. no correlations were demons ... | 1993 | 8278757 |
| acute third cranial nerve ophthalmoplegia: possible pathogenesis from alpha-ii-interferon treatment. | we report the case of a 67 year old man with acute ophthalmoplegia due to extensive damage to the fibers innervating the extrinsic muscles of the left third cranial nerve. the condition was secondary to protracted treatment with alpha-ii-interferon for a hcv virus chronic active hepatopathy. | 1993 | 8282531 |
| [viral hepatitis as an iatrogenic infection]. | the aim of the study was to explore relationship between viral hepatitis and medical procedures with continuity of tissues. the analysis of the results showed that 50% patients were infected in hospitals; in the group with hepatitis b--62.5% and in the group with non-b hepatitis 50%. nosocomial infections with virus hepatitis b after transfusion occurred in 2.5% of cases, but the frequency of pth with non a, non b hepatitis (probably with hcv) is 8.5%. these data support the postulate that measu ... | 1993 | 8171201 |
| a randomized, controlled trial of human lymphoblastoid interferon in patients with compensated type c cirrhosis. | to determine the efficacy of human lymphoblastoid interferon (l-ifn) in the treatment of compensated type c cirrhosis, 30 patients were assigned randomly to three groups, consisting of 10 patients each, who were treated as follows. | 1994 | 8172137 |
| status of hepatitis viral markers in patients with acute and chronic liver diseases in northern india. | the present study describes the frequency of hepatitis viral markers in patients with uncomplicated acute viral hepatitis (avh; n = 32) and in patients with severe liver diseases, including those with fulminant hepatic failure (fhf; n = 110), subacute hepatic failure (sahf; n = 65), and chronic active hepatitis (cah; n = 33). the results indicate that hepatitis a virus infection is quite rare, whereas hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections are the predominant causes of ac ... | 1994 | 8586538 |
| sequence analysis of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus genome between the nucleocapsid and spike protein genes reveals a polymorphic orf. | in order to investigate the genome organization of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) further, cdna clones covering the region between the nucleocapsid and the spike (s) protein genes were independently constructed and sequenced for the two virulent isolates br1/87 and cv777. of the three major orfs identified, two were found to encode the major and minor coronavirus membrane proteins m and sm. a potentially single orf, designated orf3 according to the pattern of the viral subgenomic mrn ... | 1994 | 8291230 |
| t-cell response to structural and nonstructural hepatitis c virus antigens in persistent and self-limited hepatitis c virus infections. | twenty-nine patients with chronic hepatitis c and 15 asymptomatic hepatitis c virus antibody-positive subjects who clinically recovered from hepatitis c virus infection were studied for their peripheral blood lymphomononuclear cell proliferative response to hepatitis c virus structural and nonstructural antigens (core, envelope, nonstructural 4 and nonstructural 5) expressed in yeast as superoxide dismutase fusion proteins, in an initial attempt to define some of the features of the virus-specif ... | 1994 | 8294086 |
| chronic viral hepatitis: diagnosis and management. | most patients with chronic hepatitis are infected with the b or c virus. diagnosis has been simplified with the advent of increasingly accurate assays. treatment, however, is still less than ideal; only about 50% of patients respond to alpha-interferon, and the rate of relapse is particularly high in hepatitis c. refinements in patient selection criteria and treatment modalities are on the horizon. | 1994 | 8300760 |
| hepatitis c virus rna in patients with anti-hcv on hemodialysis. relationship to transaminase levels. | this study was performed in patients with hepatitis c virus (hcv) who were treated with hemodialysis to determine the relationships among alanine amino-transferase (alt) levels, immunoglobulin (ig) g anti-hcv, igm anti-hcv core, and hcv rna. of 107 patients on hemodialysis, 27 had positive igg anti-hcv. eight of the patients who had hcv were evaluated every 8 months during a period of 2 years, using the following selection criteria: positive igg against c-22, c33-c, 5-1-1, and c100-3 viral pepti ... | 1994 | 8555556 |
| markers of hepatitis c and b virus infections among blood donors in ho chi minh city and hanoi, vietnam. | blood donors in two cities in vietnam were tested for markers of hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis b virus infections. antibody to hcv was detected by passive hemagglutination with antigens of the second generation in 101 (20.6%) of 491 donors in ho chi minh city; it was detected less frequently (p < 0.001) in donors in hanoi (4 [0.8%] of 499). hcv rna was tested for in donors with antibody by pcr with nested primers from the 5'-noncoding region and detected in 79 donors in ho chi minh city ... | 1994 | 8556478 |
| influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection on hepatitis delta virus superinfection in chronic hbsag carriers. | it is generally agreed that hepatitis b virus (hbv) replication is reduced by hepatitis delta virus infection (hdv) and augmented by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. however, the precise nature of the interactions between hbv, hdv and hiv is controversial. the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of hiv infection on hbv and hdv replication, and on histological scores during delta virus superinfection in hdv-positive, chronic carriers of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). w ... | 1994 | 8790568 |
| non-a, non-b fulminant hepatitis is also non-e and non-c. | to define the roles of the hepatitis c and e viruses (hcv and hev) in non-a, non-b (nanb) fulminant hepatitis. | 1994 | 8273799 |
| [prevention of viral recurrence following liver transplantation for post-hepatitis b and b-delta cirrhosis]. | the incidence of recurrence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) following orthotopic liver transplantation (olt) is as high as 80% when no attempt at prevention has been considered. hbv reinfection is associated with the reappearance of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and hbv dna in serum and, in most cases, with rapid severe graft damage. immunoprophylaxis using polyclonal anti-hbs immunoglobulins reduces the risk of recurrence but this long-term therapy remains highly expensive. in this report, we ... | 1994 | 8191267 |
| multiple unconfirmed-reactive screening tests for viral antibodies among blood donors. | in december 1991, the united states food and drug administration received reports of blood donations with unconfirmed reactivity on screening tests for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, human t-lymphotropic virus type i, and hepatitis c virus (hcv). of 91 donors with these test results, 57 (63%) reported a recent influenza vaccination. | 1994 | 8191558 |
| [incidence of serological markers of hepatitis b and c viruses and hiv in a population of drug abusers hospitalized from 1990 to 1992]. | data on drug abusers collected at the pharmacodependence centre of the moselle (ipm) from 1990 to 1992 was used to establish the prevalences of hepatitic b and c viruses (hbv, hcv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and the clinicobiological type of the subjects infected with the hbv. transaminase levels in hcv positive subjects was measured and a correlation was looked for between the serology status and age and duration of drug abuse. the prevalence for seropositivity for hbv and hcv was h ... | 1994 | 8192286 |
| transmission of hepatitis c in an isolated area in japan: community-acquired infection. the south kiso hepatitis study group. | the spread of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection not due to drug needle sharing or transfusion is largely unknown in communities. a search for risk factors for hcv infection in an endemic area might elucidate inapparent modes of transmission. | 1994 | 8194707 |
| [influence of hepatitis c virus infection and human immunodeficiency on the natural history of chronic delta hepatitis]. | to analyze the prevalence and clinical significance of hcv an hiv infections among a group of patients with chronic delta hepatitis. | 1994 | 8204383 |
| peptide immunogen mimicry of putative e1 glycoprotein-specific epitopes in hepatitis c virus. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) accounts for most cases of acute and chronic non-a and non-b hepatitis with serious consequences that may lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. the putative envelope glycoproteins (e1 and e2) of hcv probably play a role in the pathophysiology of the virus. in order to map the immunodominant domains of the e1 glycoprotein, two epitopes from amino acid residues 210 to 223 (p1) and 315 to 327 (p2) were predicted from the hcv sequence. immunization of mice with the synthetic pept ... | 1994 | 8207814 |
| hepatitis c, hepatitis b, and human immunodeficiency virus infections among non-intravenous drug-using patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. | the seroprevalences of and risk factors for hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and syphilis were determined among 1257 consecutive non-intravenous drug-using patients attending baltimore sexually transmitted diseases clinics: 122 (9.7%) had antibodies to hcv (anti-hcv), 192 (15.3%) had antibodies to hbv (anti-hbc), 44 (3.5%) had antibodies to hiv (anti-hiv), and 60 (4.8%) were seropositive for syphilis. for males, independent predictors of anti- ... | 1994 | 8169429 |
| pathogenesis of posttransfusion viral hepatitis in children with beta-thalassemia. | the pathogenesis of posttransfusion hepatitis was determined in 14 children with beta-thalassemia. all had blood samples obtained in 1980 or 1981, were vaccinated against hepatitis b virus in 1983 and had another serum sample collected in 1989. seven children had detectable antibodies against hepatitis c virus before vaccination, and all were positive in 1989. with specific solid-phase enzyme immunoassays, all children had antibodies against hepatitis b virus, x and polymerase antigens in 1981, ... | 1994 | 8119679 |
| sequence of the spike protein of the porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus. | the complete sequence of the spike (s) gene of the br1/87 isolate of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) was determined from cdna clones. the predicted polypeptide was 1383 amino acids long, contained 29 potential n-linked glycosylation sites and showed structural features similar to those of the coronavirus spike protein. the pedv s protein, like that of the members of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev)-related subset, lacks a proteolytic site to yield cleaved amino and carboxy ... | 1994 | 8176382 |
| seroprevalence of human t-lymphotropic virus, hepatitis c virus, and human immunodeficiency virus in asian american potential bone marrow donors. | asian americans are generally underrepresented both as volunteer blood and bone marrow donors. | 1994 | 8178332 |
| pityriasis rubra pilaris, lichen planus, alopecia universalis and vitiligo in a patient with chronic viral hepatitis c. | a 43-year-old man, affected with alopecia universalis and vitiligo since his childhood, developed erythrodermic pityriasis rubra pilaris followed then by lichen planus; chronic viral hepatitis c was diagnosed. this appears to be a unique constellation of cutaneous diseases implying both autoimmunity and hepatitis c virus. | 1994 | 8186518 |
| therapy of acute and chronic viral hepatitis. | viral hepatitis comprises five different diseases caused by five different viral agents: hepatitis a, b, c, d, and e virus. all five forms can cause acute hepatitis, only hepatitis b, c and d can cause chronic hepatitis. alpha interferon has been shown to be effective in inducing sustained remissions in all three forms of chronic viral hepatitis. its efficacy in acute viral hepatitis has not been documented, although preliminary results suggest that interferon may decrease the chronicity rate of ... | 1994 | 8140956 |
| displacement of hepatitis b virus by hepatitis c virus as the cause of continuing chronic hepatitis. | it has been shown that hepatitis c virus (hcv) superinfection may suppress hepatitis b virus (hbv) leading to hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) clearance and that hepatitis may persist after hbsag clearance in a few patients. the role of hcv in continuing hepatitis after termination of chronic hbsag antigenemia remains to be explored in a series of patients. | 1994 | 8143971 |
| hepatitis viruses: changing patterns of human disease. | viral hepatitis is a disease of antiquity, but evidence for more than one etiologic agent has been recognized only since the 1940s, when two viruses (hepatitis a virus and hepatitis b virus) were thought to account for all disease. in the past 20 years, three additional hepatitis agents (hepatitis c virus, hepatitis d virus, and hepatitis e virus) have been discovered, and there is evidence for at least one additional virus. each of the five recognized hepatitis viruses belongs to a different vi ... | 1994 | 8146130 |
| sexually transmitted diseases and other risk factors for cervical dysplasia among southwestern hispanic and non-hispanic white women. | to assess risk factors for high-grade cervical dysplasia among southwestern hispanic and non-hispanic white women. | 1994 | 8151876 |
| low risk of sexual transmission of hepatitis c virus in somalia. | the prevalence in somalia of antibody to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) was determined in a survey of 236 female prostitutes, 80 sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic patients, 79 male soldiers, and 43 tuberculosis patients. of 98 (22%) serum samples repeatedly anti-hcv reactive by first and second generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, only 8 (1.8%) were anti-hcv positive by immunoblot assay (riba-2). anti-hcv seropositivity by immunoblot assay was not associated with any risk gro ... | 1994 | 8154002 |
| possible role of high-titer maternal viremia in perinatal transmission of hepatitis c virus. | to study perinatal transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv), 15 anti-hcv-positive carrier mothers without human immunodeficiency virus coinfection were recruited. at delivery, maternal blood was taken and anti-hcv titer was determined and hcv rna measured in each serum sample by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a competitive pcr was used in selected samples to quantitate hcv concentration. the 15 neonates were followed regularly for 1 year and their sera were also assayed fo ... | 1994 | 8158040 |
| chronic liver disease in peru: role of viral hepatitis. | the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) was determined in 105 patients with biopsy-proven chronic liver disease and 128 comparison patients without any evidence of liver pathology living in lima, peru. using a second-generation eia screening and supplemental immunoblot assay, anti-hcv was detected in four of 13 patients with chronic hepatitis, in 11% of 85 patients with cirrhosis, and in none of seven patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. only two (1.6%) comparison patient ... | 1994 | 8158107 |
| etiological role of hepatitis e virus in sporadic fulminant hepatitis. | non-a, non-b hepatitis viruses have been implicated as the etiological agent(s) in up to 60% of patients with fulminant hepatitis. these agents are reported to induce a higher mortality than other causes of fulminant hepatitis. hepatitis e virus (hev) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) at present constitute the major identifiable non-a, non-b hepatitis agents. of these, hev has been established as the sole cause of epidemic hepatitis in afro-asian countries, and fulminant hepatitis has been recorded du ... | 1994 | 8158108 |
| simultaneous amplification and detection of specific hepatitis b virus and hepatitis c virus genomic sequences in serum samples. | a sensitive and specific two-stage polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was developed for the simultaneous amplification and detection of specific genomic sequences of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) in serum samples. initially, hcv-rna was reverse transcribed to cdna. this cdna and dna from hbv were then co-amplified using primer pairs derived from conserved regions of hbv and hcv nucleotide sequences. the specificity of pcr products was confirmed by liquid hybridizatio ... | 1994 | 8158116 |
| neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis c virus and the emergence of neutralization escape mutant viruses. | we developed an in vitro assay for antibodies to hepatitis c virus (hcv) that bind to virions and prevent initiation of the replication cycle in susceptible cells in vitro. these antibodies therefore appear to be capable of neutralizing the virus. using this assay and a standard inoculum of hcv of known infectivity, we have measured the antibody in serial serum samples obtained from the same chronically infected patient over 14 years following onset of his hepatitis. such antibody was found in s ... | 1994 | 8107212 |
| problem hepatitis viruses: the mutants. | genetic variations in the known human hepatitis viruses are probably the result (a) of high viral replication rates and poor or absent proofreading ability intrinsic to rna viruses (hav, hcv, hdv, hev) and (b) to a dna virus (hbv) that uses a reverse-transcription mechanism for genomic replication. nucleotide substitutions, deletions, duplications, insertions, and rearrangements resulting in amino acid changes may have no consequences, may impair replication, change host susceptibility, or may l ... | 1994 | 8109589 |
| outcome of bought living non-related donor kidneys followed up at a single centre. | between october 1985 and november 1991, 16 dialysis patients travelled to bombay and bought kidneys from living non-related indian donors for u.s. $7,372. one patient died peri-operatively; one contracted hiv and another hepatitis b virus infections. six patients are presently positive for hepatitis c virus antibody compared to two cadaver graft recipients (p = 0.03); two of the six patients have chronic active hepatitis. five-year patient and graft survival rates (75% and 43%, respectively) wer ... | 1994 | 8117399 |
| hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) p24 antigen in the cryoglobulin of hemophiliacs with hiv and/or hcv infection. | 1994 | 8075285 | |
| interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis c virus infection. | antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis c with interferon is reviewed. alpha-interferon, both recombinant alpha-2a, -2b and human lymphoblastoid interferon given at a dose of > or = 3mu t.i.w. for 6-12 months will result in normalisation of alt levels (complete response) in some 50-60% of treated patients with chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection. approximately half of the complete responders to interferon will relapse within 6 months once treatment is withdrawn (non-sustained response). l ... | 1994 | 8086199 |
| isotype-specific immune response to a single hepatitis c virus core epitope defined by a human monoclonal antibody: diagnostic value and correlation to pcr. | in this study we tested the seroreactivity of 223 selected anti-hcv-reactive blood donors to the human b-cell epitope n-vyllpr-c (c34-39) of the hepatitis c virus core antigen. the epitope was recently identified and characterized by the human monoclonal igg antibody ul/f10 and is located within the amino acid residues 34-39 of the aminoterminal core region. the blood donor sera were selected from anti-hcv elisa (ortho, 2nd generation)-reactive samples. sixty-seven of these sera were further rea ... | 1994 | 8086507 |
| coinfection with hepatitis viruses and human immunodeficiency virus in multiply transfused patients. | the prevalence, clinical manifestations and serological markers of hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis b virus (hbv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections were studied in 112 multiply transfused patients (49 hemophiliacs receiving either nonheat-treated factor concentrates or cryoprecipitate, 33 thalassemic, 20 refractory anemia and 10 leukemia patients). positive serological markers for hcv, hbv and hiv were found to correlate with number of donors and duration of disease (logistic r ... | 1994 | 8002269 |