Publications

alternative procedure for the purification of the heat-stable enterotoxin of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli pathogenic for calves.	a method for purification of the heat-stable enterotoxin (st) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains (c1444 and b41) pathogenic for calves and some physiochemical properties of the st are described. the method involved ultrafiltration on pm-10 and um-2 diaflo membranes, acetone fractionation, ion-exchange chromatography on ag 1-x2, chromatofocusing and a combination of hydrophobic interaction chromatography on octyl-sepharose cl-4b and gel-permeation on bio-gel p-2. polyacrylamide ge ...	1987	3320075
amino acid sequence of the nad (h)--binding region of the mitochondrial nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase modified by n,n'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.	purified mitochondrial energy-linked nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (th) is inhibited by n,n'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (dccd), and nad(h) protects the enzyme against this inhibition [phelps, d.c., and hatefi, y. (1984) biochemistry 23, 4475-4480]. the tryptic digest of th treated with [14c]dccd showed a single radioactive peak upon fplc chromatography. this radioactive peak was absent from tryptic digests of th treated with [14c]dccd in the presence of nadh. sequence analysis of the ra ...	1987	3426633
shedding of enteric coronavirus in adult cattle.	electron microscopic examination of fecal specimens from adult dairy cows indicated seasonal coronavirus shedding. fifty-two cows from a 300 cow herd were monitored for shedding of coronavirus. approximately 50% to 60% of the cows monitored shed coronavirus during the winter months (november to march) of the first year of the study. during 2 subsequent years of monitoring the same cows, 20% to 30% of the cows shed coronavirus during the winter months. virus shedding was not detected during the s ...	1987	3032023
[a new polyvalent vaccine against enteral infections in newborn calves].	the most frequent microbial causative agents of massive diarrheas in new-born calves kept on large cattle farms in the cssr are rotaviruses, coronaviruses and enterotoxigenic strains of e. coli, manifesting themselves as complicated virus-bacterial infections. an inactivated polyvalent adjuvant vaccine has been developed for the prevention and specific prophylaxis of these enteral infections; the vaccine contains bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus and three enterotoxigenic serotypes of e. coli ...	1987	3029935
growth inhibition of escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae during involution of the bovine mammary gland: relation to secretion composition.	mammary secretions from 12 holstein dairy cows were collected to evaluate growth inhibition of escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae during involution and during physiologic transitions of the mammary gland. mammary secretions obtained during late lactation poorly inhibited growth of e coli and k pneumoniae. however, as involution progressed, mammary secretions increasingly inhibited growth of both coliform mastitis pathogens. greatest inhibition of e coli and k pneumoniae growth was observ ...	1987	3324839
rapid fluorogenic enumeration of escherichia coli in selected, naturally contaminated high moisture foods.	an assay for the enzyme glucuronidase was used to determine the presence of escherichia coli in selected, naturally contaminated high moisture foods. raw pork sausage, ground turkey, and ground beef were inoculated into tubes containing the substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-d-glucuronide (mug) in lauryl tryptose (lt) medium. after incubation at 35 degrees c for 24 h, the inoculated lt-mug tubes were examined under longwave ultraviolet light for the presence of a fluorogenic glucuronidase end p ...	1987	3325491
incidence of the aerobactin iron uptake system among escherichia coli isolates from infections of farm animals.	to assess the importance of aerobactin-mediated iron uptake as a bacterial virulence determinant in animal infections, a total of 576 strains of escherichia coli isolated from cattle, chickens, sheep and pigs were screened by colony hybridization to determine the presence of the aerobactin genetic determinants, and by a bioassay to detect aerobactin secretion in iron-limited conditions. results obtained by the two complementary methods correlated well. the incidence of the aerobactin system was ...	1987	3309175
enzymatic amidation of recombinant (leu27) growth hormone releasing hormone-gly45.	by chemoenzymatic synthesis the gene for a (leu27) analogue of human growth hormone releasing hormone-gly45 [(leu27)ghrh-gly45] was constructed, cloned and expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with beta-galactosidase under the control of the lac promoter and operator. upon induction with isopropyl-d-thio-beta-galactopyranoside the fusion protein accumulated to a yield of 15-20% of the total cellular protein. after cyanogen bromide cleavage of the fusion protein the precursor peptide ...	1987	3148933
enzymatic conversion of glutamate to delta-aminolevulinic acid in soluble extracts of euglena gracilis.	glutamate was converted to the chlorophyll and heme precursor delta-aminolevulinic acid in soluble extracts of euglena gracilis. delta-aminolevulinic acid-forming activity depended on the presence of native enzyme, glutamate, atp, mg2+, nadph or nadh, and rna. the requirement for reduced pyridine nucleotide was observed only if, prior to incubation, the enzyme extract was filtered through activated carbon to remove firmly bound reductant. dithiothreitol was also required for activity after carbo ...	1987	2442164
characterization of an immunoprotective protein complex of anaplasma marginale by cloning and expression of the gene coding for polypeptide am105l.	immunization with an anaplasma marginale surface protein complex containing two polypeptides (am105u and am105l), each having a molecular weight of 105,000, protected cattle against challenge with virulent organisms. these polypeptides were immunoprecipitated together from detergent extracts of a. marginale by a neutralizing monoclonal antibody. after surface radioiodination of intact parasites, both am105u and am105l contained the radiolabel. to define the structural and antigenic relationships ...	1987	2443451
improved immunogenicity of a peptide epitope after fusion to hepatitis b core protein.	synthetic vaccines for viral diseases can use defined regions of viral proteins as immunogens: the peptide sequence of amino acids 141-160 of the vp1 protein of foot and mouth disease virus (fmdv) elicits virus-neutralizing antibodies to protect guinea pigs, cattle and pigs either when coupled to a carrier protein or when administered in liposomes or in incomplete freund's adjuvant. the immune response to these peptides is much lower than that to complete virus particles and the same sequence fu ...	1987	2446137
oligodeoxynucleotides containing synthetic abasic sites. model substrates for dna polymerases and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases.	a synthetic procedure has been developed by which stable abasic sites are introduced into oligodeoxynucleotides at any desired position in the sequence. a modified tetrahydrofuran moiety, isosteric with 2'-deoxyribofuranose, serves as a structural analog of the natural apurinic/apyrimidinic site. we have also prepared oligodeoxynucleotides that lack cyclic structure at the abasic site but retain the carbon atoms of the phosphodiester backbone. these synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides are cleaved on ...	1987	2440861
the influence of nalidixic acid on escherichia coli growth in milk.	the high antibacterial activity of nalidixic acid against escherichia coli, cultivated in raw and pasteurized milk has been shown. the low oxygen reduction potential had no influence on the antibacterial activity of this drug. the natural antibacterial agents in active milk from an inflamed udder have reduced the efficacy of nalidixic acid inhibition of the growth of e. coli.	1987	2447751
use of a series of ompf-ompc chimeric proteins for locating antigenic determinants recognized by monoclonal antibodies against the ompc and ompf proteins of the escherichia coli outer membrane.	a method is presented for the efficient location of antigenic determinants using a series of chimeric proteins. by means of in vivo homologous recombination between the ompc and ompf genes coding for ompc and ompf, homologous proteins of the escherichia coli outer membrane, a series of ompf-ompc chimeric genes was constructed (nogami, t., mizuno, t., & mizushima, s. (1985) j. bacteriol. 164, 797-801, and this work). the ompf-ompc chimeric proteins expressed by these genes were successfully used ...	1987	2448297
f41 pili as protective antigens of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli that produce f41, k99, or both pilus antigens.	pigs suckling dams that have been vaccinated with pilus antigen are protected against challenge with enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains that express the same pilus antigen. however, some etec strains express more than one pilus antigen. pregnant swine were vaccinated either with e. coli hb101 that harbored a recombinant plasmid coding for f41 expression (f41+) or with the hb101 parent strain that carries the phc79 vector (f41-). suckling pigs born to vaccinated dams were challenged ...	1987	2880807
cattle as reservoir of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157:h7.		1987	2886741
enteric infections in veal calves: a longitudinal study on four veal calf units.	forty-five calves on four veal calf units were monitored during the first four weeks after their arrival. faecal samples were collected on alternate days and screened for the presence of rotaviruses, bovine coronavirus, cryptosporidium oocysts, k99 positive strains of e. coli and salmonella spp. rotaviruses and cryptosporidium were the most commonly detected agents (78% and 60% respectively of the calves). bovine coronavirus was detected in the faeces of 18% of the calves, whilst k99 positive e. ...	1987	2827367
a model of acute infectious neonatal diarrhoea.	oral inoculation of neonatal mfi mice with enterotoxigenic strains of escherichia coli that possessed the k99 or f41 antigen or both resulted in severe diarrhoea with high mortality. the diarrhoea was associated with increased fluid in the gut, greatly increased numbers of e. coli in gut homogenates and reduced weight gain compared to control animals. further studies with strain b44 demonstrated greatly increased numbers of e. coli on the surface of the intestinal mucosa and haemo-concentration. ...	1987	2856846
lipocortin-like anti-phospholipase a2 activity of endonexin.	endonexin (protein ii, 32.5 kda) has been purified to homogeneity from bovine liver in the following steps: selective extraction by egta from membranes precipitated with triton x-100/calcium; chromatography on deaf-tsk 545 at ph 7.0, endonexin being eluted at 0.1 m nacl; affinity chromatography on polyacrylamide-immobilized phosphatidylserine; gel filtration on tsk 3000. the amino acid composition was essentially similar to that previously reported. using [3h]oleic acid-labelled escherichia coli ...	1987	2953628
nucleotide sequence and expression in escherichia coli of the gene encoding the nonstructural protein ncvp2 of bovine rotavirus.	cloned dna copy of rotavirus genome segment 5 from bovine rotavirus rf strain has been used to determine the nucleotide sequence of the gene that encodes for the nonstructural viral protein ncvp2. the sequence data indicated that segment 5 consists of 1581 base pairs and is a + t rich (66%). the positive strand of segment 5 contains a single open reading frame that extends 491 codons and possesses 5'- and 3'-terminal untranslated regions of 32 and 73 base pairs, respectively. the first aug confo ...	1987	2823457
expression and accurate processing of yeast penta-ubiquitin in escherichia coli.	an expression vector (psjyub-5) was constructed which contained five repeats of the "yeast ubiquitin gene" regulated by a heat-inducible lambda pl promoter. the vector, when expressed in escherichia coli, produced a penta-ubiquitin of approximately 42 kda. purified penta-ubiquitin was found to be as active as the human mono-ubiquitin in the in vitro atp/ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic assay of the reticulocyte lysate, indicating that the expressed gene product was recognized by the enzymes invol ...	1987	2826431
activation of ada protein as a transcriptional regulator by direct alkylation with methylating agents.	the adaptive response is a cellular process to induce dna repair enzymes in response to a challenge of alkylating agents. in this process ada protein, the product of the ada gene, plays a major role; it accepts the methyl groups of the methylated dna at the cysteine residues of its own molecule, and the methylated form of ada protein promotes transcription of its own gene, thereby triggering induction of the whole process. in addition to this dna-mediated activation of ada protein, we have propo ...	1988	2843522
colonization of the streptomycin-treated mouse large intestine by a human fecal escherichia coli strain: role of adhesion to mucosal receptors.	escherichia coli f-18, a normal fecal isolate, was previously shown to be an excellent colonizer of the streptomycin-treated cd-1 mouse large intestine, whereas e. coli f-18col-, a derivative of e. coli f-18 that no longer makes the e. coli f-18 colicin, was shown to be a poor mouse colonizer. it was also shown that e. coli f-18 bound two to three times more soluble colonic mucus protein than did e. coli f-18col- and that a major receptor in cd-1 mouse colonic mucus was a 50.5-kilodalton glycopr ...	1988	2833441
illegitimate recombination mediated by calf thymus dna topoisomerase ii in vitro.	we have found that purified calf thymus dna topoisomerase ii mediates recombination between two phage lambda dna molecules in an in vitro system. the enzyme mainly produced a linear monomer recombinant dna that can be packaged in vitro. novobiocin and anti-calf thymus dna topoisomerase ii antibody inhibit this atp-dependent recombination. the recombinant molecules contain duplications or deletions, and most crossovers take place between nonhomologous sequences of lambda dna, as judged by the seq ...	1988	2832845
site-specific dna recombination in mammalian cells by the cre recombinase of bacteriophage p1.	the cre protein encoded by the coliphage p1 is a 38-kda protein that efficiently promotes both intra- and intermolecular synapsis and recombination of dna both in escherichia coli and in vitro. recombination occurs at a specific site, called lox, and does not require any other protein factors. the cre protein is shown here also to be able to cause synapsis of dna and site-specific recombination in a mammalian cell line. a stable mouse cell line was established that expresses the cre protein unde ...	1988	2839833
inhibitory effect of flavonoids on dna-dependent dna and rna polymerases.	flavonoids, (-)-epigallocatechin (1), myricetin (2) and quercetin (3), were investigated for inhibitory effects on e. coli dna polymerase i and t7 bacteriophage rna polymerase. in both dna and rna synthesis, 1 and 3 inhibited enzyme reactions by non-competitive and mixed type inhibition respectively, with regard to template dnas. myricetin (2) inhibited dna and rna polymerase reactions by mixed type and competitive type inhibition, respectively, with template dnas. it was suggested that 2 intera ...	1988	2460368
monoclonal antibodies to a proenkephalin a fusion peptide synthesized in escherichia coli recognize novel proenkephalin a precursor forms.	monoclonal antibodies have been generated to a chimeric peptide comprised of escherichia coli beta-galactosidase fused to the amino acid sequence 69-207 of human preproenkephalin a. two monoclonal antibodies, pe-1 and pe-2, were identified by their ability to recognize the same segment of proenkephalin a fused to the cii gene product of the e. coli bacteriophage lambda. the binding domains of pe-1 and pe-2 have been broadly located, with respect to the primary translation product, within the ami ...	1988	2461943
molecular cloning of the plasmid-located determinants for cs1 and cs2 fimbriae of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli of serotype o6:k15:h16 of human origin.	the plasmid pcs001, isolated from an enterotoxigenic strain of escherichia coli, mediates expression of the cs1 or cs2 and cs3 fimbrial adhesins in appropriate e. coli hosts. to characterize this further, hindiii-generated dna fragments of this plasmid were cloned into the vector plasmid pbr322. a chimaera, called pcs200, which mediated expression of the cs1 or cs2 fimbrial antigen but not of cs3 fimbrial antigen in appropriate host strains, was obtained. the dna inserted into the vector sequenc ...	1988	2473163
functional mapping of the human papillomavirus type 11 transcriptional enhancer and its interaction with the trans-acting e2 proteins.	the transcriptional enhancer sequences of the papillomaviruses are regulated by trans-acting factors encoded by the viral e2 open reading frame. we have performed detailed functional and physical analyses of the enhancer of the human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11). using the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) assay in transiently transfected monkey cv-1 cells, the enhancer region has been localized to a 270-bp tract immediately preceding the e6 open reading frame, and it consists of two fu ...	1988	2833426
conservation of primary structure in the lipoyl-bearing and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase binding domains of mammalian branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex: molecular cloning of human and bovine transacylase (e2) cdnas.	the subunit structures and conservation of the dihydrolipoyl transacylase (e2) components of bovine and human branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes were investigated by western blotting, peptide sequencing, and cdna cloning methods. rabbit antiserum prepared against the sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) denaturated bovine e2 subunit recognized the inner e2 core, and the first hinge region of the e2 chain, but failed to react with the lipoyl-bearing domain as determined by western blo ...	1988	2837277
nonradioactive labeling of synthetic oligonucleotide probes with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.	synthetic oligonucleotides were tailed at the 3' end using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. nucleotide triphosphates with free primary amines at the end of side chains were compared for their tailing efficiency and/or detection sensitivity, using biotin-11-dutp as a reference. free primary amines were tagged with activated biotin or fluorescein isothiocyanate. the probes were then detected with either streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase complex or anti-fluorescein antibodies and alkaline pho ...	1988	2837921
comparison of the bovine herpesvirus 1 gi gene and the herpes simplex virus type 1 gb gene.	in a previous report, we localized the gene for a 130-kilodalton envelope glycoprotein (gi) of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) to a 3.6-kilobase hpai-kpni restriction endonuclease fragment from the long unique region of the bhv-1 genome (map position 0.405 to 0.432) and showed that a herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein b (gb) probe uniquely hybridized to this bhv-1 restriction fragment. here we present the complete nucleotide sequence of the bhv-1 gi gene and the predicted 932-amino-acid se ...	1988	2841484
electron-transfer complexes of ascaris suum muscle mitochondria. iii. composition and fumarate reductase activity of complex ii.	complex ii of the anaerobic respiratory chain in ascaris muscle mitochondria showed a high fumarate reductase activity when reduced methyl viologen was used as the electron donor. the maximum activity was 49 mumol/min per mg protein, which is much higher than that of the mammalian counterpart. the mitochondria of ascaris-fertilized eggs, which require oxygen for its development, also showed fumarate reductase activity with a specific activity intermediate between those of adult ascaris and mamma ...	1988	2843227
polymorphonuclear leucocyte dysfunction during short term metabolic changes from normo- to hyperglycemia in type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetic patients.	polymorphonuclear leucocyte (pmn) ingestion of particles coated with lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli was compared to other pmn functions in seven patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) during short-term controlled metabolic changes from normo- to hyperglycemia without ketoacidosis. factors known to interfere with pmn functions were excluded. pmn ingestion of particles coated with both lps and bovine serum albumin became reduced from normo- to hyperglycemia. pmn m ...	1988	2846445
diphosphonates are potent inhibitors of mammalian inorganic pyrophosphatase.	methanediphosphonate and 12 analogs thereof with different substituents at the carbon atom are potent competitive inhibitors of highly purified rat liver and bovine heart inorganic pyrophosphatases. the inhibition constants for the most effective diphosphonates, which contain an nh2 or oh group at the bridge carbon atom, are in the micromolar range. yeast and escherichia coli pyrophosphatases are markedly less sensitive to the diphosphonates. pyrophosphatase inhibition may be related to the nume ...	1988	2848451
bovine seminalplasmin [corrected] is a dna unwinding protein.	the duplex dna unwinding ability of seminalplasmin [corrected] from bovine semen was examined by treatment of plasmid-protein complexes with calf thymus topoisomerase i and resolution of the topoisomer distributions by agarose gel electrophoresis. binding of seminalplasmin [corrected] results in a moderate degree of unwinding of supercoiled plasmid. the elongation of the rna chain by e. coli rna polymerase over promoter containing template is not inhibited by seminalplasmin [corrected]. however, ...	1988	2834234
protective antigens against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli o101:k99,f41 in the infant mouse diarrhea model.	protective antigens present in whole cells of bovine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains were tested in an infant mouse diarrhea model. reduction of mortality rates of infant mice suckling vaccinated mothers was measured 1, 2, and 5 days after oral challenge with strain b41 (o101:k99,f41:h-). vaccines consisted of strains of serogroup o101, o9, o8, or o20 and of variants bearing or not bearing antigens k99 and f41. k99 and f41 expressions were checked by slide agglutination with k99 and f41 ...	1988	2895746
the beta-subunit of the bovine mitochondrial f1 atpase specifically binds the amino terminal domain of parathyroid hormone.	a protein which specifically binds the amino terminal domain of parathyroid hormone (pth) on nitrocellulose blots of polyacrylamide gels was fragmented with cyanogen bromide (cnbr), and two fragments were sequenced through 20 residues. the sequence obtained was 100% homologous with the beta-subunit of bovine f1 mitochondrial atpase. purified f1 atpase from bovine heart and escherichia coli were obtained and the binding of pth examined on the blots. the beta-subunit of the bovine enzyme bound pth ...	1988	2904385
fimbria-like adhesive factor (eaf 44) from verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli of bovine origin.	an adhesin with fimbria-like properties was present in four strains of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from diarrhoeic calves in brazil.	1988	2905510
the influence of a double-stranded hindrance on dna synthesis performed by dna polymerase alpha, t4 dna polymerase, dna polymerase i (klenow fragment) and amv reverse transcriptase.	the influence of a double-stranded region on dna synthesis performed by a series of dna polymerases on a single-stranded template was studied. two types of double-stranded hindrances were employed: a stable hairpin formed by the template alone and a region formed by the template and an extraneous oligonucleotide complementary to the template. while t4 and calf thymus alpha dna polymerases are strongly arrested at the beginning of either of the two double-stranded hindrances, the klenow fragment ...	1988	2449362
virulence factors and markers in escherichia coli from calves with bacteremia.	relative pathogenicity of 151 escherichia coli isolates from 36 calves with bacteremia after necropsy was studied by measurement of the ld50 after mice were inoculated ip with e coli isolates. study of virulence factors and markers revealed that the pathogenicity of e coli was associated with the production of hydroxamate siderophores and with resistance to serum bactericidal effects. production of colicins, including colicin v, and of surface antigen 31a was correlated with virulence. the close ...	1988	2973271
cloning of cdna for darpp-32, a dopamine- and cyclic amp-regulated neuronal phosphoprotein.	a cdna clone for the mrna of bovine darpp-32 (dopamine- and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-regulated phosphoprotein, mr = 32,000) was isolated from a modified okayama-berg plasmid library. transformed escherichia coli colonies were screened by in situ colony hybridization with 2 different oligonucleotide probes corresponding to a region unusually rich in glutamate within the protein. three positive clones were isolated and shown to encode darpp-32 by an in situ immunoblot assay of their fusion pr ...	1988	3339428
proteolytic cleavage of ada protein that carries methyltransferase and transcriptional regulator activities.	the 39-kda ada protein that carries two distinct methyltransferase activities and an activity to promote transcription of the ada and alka genes is cleaved to smaller polypeptides in the case of incubation with a crude extract of escherichia coli. a protease that specifically cleaves the ada protein was partially purified and characterized. the enzyme showed maximal activity at ph 7.8-8.0 and did not require specific ions or atp for the reaction. the activity was inhibited by p-chloromercuribenz ...	1988	3058696
evidence for interaction of an aminoacyl transfer rna synthetase with a region important for the identity of its cognate transfer rna.	recent experiments showed that a single base pair (g3:u70) in the amino acid acceptor helix is a major determinant for the identity of escherichia coli alanine transfer rna. experiments reported here show that bound alanine trna synthetase protects (from ribonuclease attack) seven consecutive phosphodiester linkages on the 3'-side of the acceptor-t psi c helix (phosphates 65-71) and a few additional sites that are in scattered locations. there is no evidence for interaction of the enzyme with th ...	1988	3053691
pharmacokinetics of single doses of cefoxitin given by the intravenous and intramuscular routes to unweaned calves.	cefoxitin pharmacokinetics and bioavailability were studied in unweaned calves. the antibiotic was administered to nine calves intravenously (i.v.), to seven calves intramuscularly (i.m.) at 20 mg/kg and to eight calves i.m. at 20 mg/kg together with probenecid at 40 mg/kg. serum concentration versus time data were analysed using statistical moment theory (smt). the i.v. data were also fitted by a linear, open two-compartment model. the elimination half-life (t1/2) was 66.9 +/- 6.9 min (mean +/- ...	1988	3054149
chemical and immunological characterization of the 21-kda adp-ribosylation factor of adenylate cyclase.	the adp-ribosylation factor (arf) is a 21-kda gtp-binding protein cofactor in the cholera toxin-catalyzed adp-ribosylation of the stimulatory regulatory subunit of adenylate cyclase. purified bovine brain arf was digested with cyanogen bromide, and peptides were purified and sequenced. approximately 25-30% of the protein was sequenced in this manner. peptides contained consensus sequences for gtp-binding proteins but were distinct from any of the previously published gtp-binding proteins. antibo ...	1988	3131341
molecular cloning and expression of bovine kappa-casein in escherichia coli.	a cdna library was constructed using poly(a) +rna from bovine mammary gland. this cdna library of 6000 clones was screened employing colony hybridization using 32p-labelled oligonucleotide probes and restriction endonuclease mapping. the cdna from the selected plasmid, pkr76, was sequenced using the dideoxy-chain termination method. the cdna insert of pkr76 carries the full-length sequence, which codes for mature kappa-casein protein. the amino acid sequence deduced from the cdna sequence fits t ...	1988	3286696
relationship between serologic recognition of escherichia coli 0111:b4 (j5) and clinical coliform mastitis in cattle.	serum igg1 elisa titers recognizing gram-negative core antigens (escherichia coli [j5]) were studied at a large dairy in central california. population mean log10 titer was 2.7357 (equivalent to 1:544) with a se of 0.03843. titers increased with increased lactation number (unstandardized regression coefficient = 0.06733). changes in lactation number accounted for only 6.77% of titer variation. titers less than 1:240 were associated with 5.33 times the risk of clinical coliform mastitis. also, ol ...	1988	3073679
binding and action of cecropin and cecropin analogues: antibacterial peptides from insects.	the mechanism of action of cecropin was studied by using liposomes as a model system. the bilayer was efficiently destroyed if the liposome net charge was zero or negative. cecropin analogues with an impaired n-terminal helix had reduced membrane disrupting abilities that correlate with their lower antibacterial activity. the reduced bactericidal activity of the analogues was rationalized in terms of reduced binding to bacteria. the stoichiometry of cecropin killing of bacteria suggests that amo ...	1988	3128324
thermal inactivation of campylobacter species, yersinia enterocolitica, and hemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 in fluid milk.	heat treatment of raw milk in an htst pasteurizer operated at 60.0 to 72.0 degrees c for a minimum holding time of 16.2 s rapidly inactivated mixtures of hemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7, yersinia enterocolitica and campylobacter spp. (c. fetus, c. coli, and c. jejuni). each of the three genera in the mixture was inoculated at a level of approximately 1.0 x 10(5) cfu/ml. at 60.0 degrees c, hemorrhagic e. coli showed a maximum 2 log10 reduction in counts and no viability at greater than or eq ...	1988	3069886
isolation and characterization of the bos taurus beta-casein gene.	the expression of casein genes in the mammary cells is regulated by peptide and steroid hormones. to investigate the controlling mechanisms we have isolated and characterized the bovine beta-casein gene. the gene has the size of 8.6 kb, which is 7.8 times longer than the corresponding mrna composed of nine exons. the genomic clones include additional 8.5-kb and 4.5-kb sequences of the 5'- and 3'-flanking regions. we have determined the sequences of the 5' and 3' ends of the gene and compared the ...	1988	2970989
allosteric activation by purine nucleosides and nucleotides of the inactive by phosphatase ornithine decarboxylase of tetrahymena pyriformis.	ornithine decarboxylase (odc) of tetrahymena pyriformis is inactivated by e. coli or calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase. inactivated odc by e. coli alkaline phosphatase, form b, can be allosterically reactivated to form a by purine-nucleosides or -nucleotides at 10(-4) m concentration. inactivated odc by calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase bound to agarose can be converted to form a by purine-analogues with 10(-7) m concentration only if inorganic phosphate is included in the incubation mixtu ...	1988	3130058
sites of termination of in vitro dna synthesis on cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(ii) treated single-stranded dna: a comparison between e. coli dna polymerase i and eucaryotic dna polymerases alpha.	we have compared the capacity of the large fragment of e. coli dna polymerase i and highly purified dna polymerases alpha from either drosophila melanogaster embryos or calf thymus to replicate single-stranded m13 mp10 dna treated with the antitumoral drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(ii) (cis-ddp). we report that: a) although prokaryotic and eukaryotic enzymes have different structural complexity and dissimilar in vivo functions, their synthesis was blocked in vitro at similar sites on cis-ddp ...	1988	3132699
expression of the bovine hypothalamic hormone oxytocin precursor in escherichia coli.	the bovine oxytocin precursor was expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein by cloning the hormone encoding cdna in frame behind the replicase gene of the rna phage ms2. by step-wise extraction with different urea concentrations, the fusion protein was enriched in the 7 m urea fraction and further purified by sephacryl s-300 chromatography. the oxytocin precursor was cleaved off the fusion protein by cyanogen bromide treatment, chromatographed on fplc columns and identified by western bl ...	1988	3135840
differences in excretion and efficiency of the aerobactin and enterochelin siderophores in a bovine pathogenic strain of escherichia coli.	secretion of aerobactin is thought to play an important part in the virulence of invasive escherichia coli also capable of synthesizing enterochelin. why, despite its markedly lower affinity for iron than that of enterochelin, aerobactin proves to be the predominant active siderophore for bacterial growth in transferrin was investigated. we studied the action of two iron chelators, 2,2'-dipyridyl and transferrin, in expression of the aerobactin and enterochelin genes. specifically, we describe t ...	1988	2962945
effects of source and washing of erythrocytes on growth of bacterial pathogens from the bovine mammary gland.	effects of source and washing of rbc on quantitative growth and hemolytic zone sizes of common bacterial pathogens of the bovine mammary gland were evaluated. blood samples used to prepare the blood agar media were obtained from 10 adult dairy cows, 10 dairy calves, and 10 sheep. hemolytic zone sizes produced by staphylococcus aureus were significantly (p less than 0.01) larger on blood agar prepared with washed rbc than on blood agar prepared with nonwashed rbc, regardless of rbc source. with t ...	1988	3279872
rabbit pasteurellosis: induced disease and vaccination.	pasteurellosis was induced in rabbits by conjunctival inoculation with 2 strains of pasteurella multocida. the ld50 of strain p1062 (a bovine isolate) was 10(5.1) colony-forming units and that of strain p1059 (a turkey isolate) was 10(5.5) colony-forming units. pasteurella-free rabbits were vaccinated iv or mucosally with boiled cells of p multocida or a cross-reactive uridine diphosphogalactose epimerase-deficient mutant of escherichia coli j5. in rabbits challenge exposed with p multocida stra ...	1988	3282457
effect of antiserum against aflatoxin b1-bovine serum albumin complex on aflatoxin b1-induced lysogenesis.	escherichia coli k12 bacteria lysogenic for the lambda phage were used to study the effect of antiserum against aflatoxin b1-induced lysogenesis. the antiserum was obtained from rabbits immunized with water in oil emulsion of aflatoxin b1-bovine serum albumin complex (afb1-bsa). a marked reduction in the degree of lysogenesis was observed when the antiserum was added to the reaction medium prior to microsomal enzyme activation of aflatoxin b1. there was no detectable effect when the antiserum wa ...	1988	3140005
relationship of milk proteins in blood with somatic cell counts in milk of dairy cows.	intramammary leucocytosis was induced by injection of escherichia coli endotoxin via the teat canal in three lactating holstein cows. concentrations of alpha-lactalbumin and casein in blood serum were measured, and somatic cell concentration and yield and composition of milk were determined. endotoxin injection elicited mean increases of 100-fold in somatic cell concentration and 50% in protein concentration, whereas milk yield declined 5-fold and lactose concentration was halved. concentrations ...	1988	3286699
effects of stroma-free hemoglobin solutions on isolated perfused rabbit hearts and isolated perfused rat kidneys.	"stroma-free" hemoglobin solutions (sfh) cause hemodynamic alterations indicative of vasoconstriction. we studied vasoconstrictor activity in isolated rabbit hearts and rat kidneys of unmodified sfh and of sfh modified by pyridoxylation or glyoxylation, with or without glutaraldehyde cross-linking. the purity and chemical composition of the solutions, all prepared by other laboratories, were not characterized by us. in isolated hearts sfh prepared by conventional methods had potent vasoconstrict ...	1988	3140918
changes in blastogenic activity of bovine blood mononuclear cells throughout the nonlactating period.	mononuclear cells were isolated from bovine blood by density gradient centrifugation to determine variation in mitogen-induced mononuclear cell activity throughout the nonlactating period. in a preliminary study, optimum concentrations of concanavalin a, phytohemagglutinin, salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide, and three escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides were determined using six cows as blood donors. concanavalin a, phytohemagglutinin, and e. coli 0111:b4 lipopolysaccharide were selecte ...	1988	3292610
cloning and expression of cdna for human endonexin ii, a ca2+ and phospholipid binding protein.	endonexin ii is a member of the family of ca2+-dependent phospholipid binding proteins known as annexins. we cloned human endonexin ii cdna and expressed it in escherichia coli. the apparent size and ca2+-dependent phospholipid binding properties of purified recombinant endonexin ii were indistinguishable from those of the placental protein. a single mrna of approximately 1.6 kilobase pairs was found to be expressed in human cell lines and placenta and was in close agreement with the length of t ...	1988	2967291
the g protein-gated atrial k+ channel is stimulated by three distinct gi alpha-subunits.	the guanine nucleotide-binding protein, gi, which inhibits adenylyl cyclase, has recently been shown to have three subtypes of the alpha-subunit, termed gi alpha-1, gi alpha-2 and gi alpha-3. they share 87-94% amino-acid sequence homology and so are difficult to separate from one another. among other functions, purified preparations activate k+ channels but there is confusion over which of the subtypes activates the muscarinic k+ channels of the atrial muscle of the heart: gi alpha-3, also terme ...	1988	3143915
nucleotide sequence of chicken myb proto-oncogene promoter region: detection of an evolutionarily conserved element.	the nucleotide sequence of the chicken myb proto-oncogene putative promoter region was determined and compared with the corresponding sequence of the mouse c-myb gene (1). 118 bp upstream from the initiation codon suggested by gerondakis and bishop (2) for the chicken c-myb protein, a 124-bp-long conserved element was found (92% identity in chicken and mouse sequences). sequences homologous to this element were detected on southern blots of restricted genomic dnas from mouse, man, lizard, frog, ...	1988	3145493
[clinical and bacteriologic studies of the frequency of mastitis during and after parturition in heifers lactating for the first time].	the udders of 100 heifers were examined for clinical changes during parturition. of each quarter colostral samples were taken and analyzed bacteriologically. 35 heifers (13.5% of the quarters) showed clinical changes of the quarters and/or of colostral samples. 14 of these animals (4.75% of the quarters) suffered from cellulitis-like mastitis. 13 (5.25% of the quarters) had acute catarrhalic mastitis and eight heifers (3.5% of the quarters) showed acute galactophoritis. in all milk samples of an ...	1988	3055422
characters of escherichia coli 078 isolated from septicaemic animals.	twenty-one escherichia coli isolates of serogroup 078 from animal septicaemia were obtained from laboratories in france, england and canada. the bacteria were compared for outer membrane protein (omp) patterns, lipopolysaccharide patterns, surface proteins of fimbrial types, biotypes, antibiotypes, colicin production, hydroxamate production and virulence in mice. sixteen isolates from bovine, ovine, porcine and avian species in france and england had a similar omp pattern. this characteristic as ...	1988	3055657
colitis in calves: natural and experimental infection with a verotoxin-producing strain of escherichia coli o111:nm.	verotoxin-producing escherichia coli o111:nm were isolated from two five week old holstein calves with dysentery. on necropsy both calves had pseudomembranous ileitis, mucohemorrhagic colitis and proctitis. large numbers of e. coli o111:nm were isolated from the colon and lesions typical of attaching-and-effacing e. coli were evident. the isolates from both calves had identical biochemical reactions and antimicrobial resistance patterns. oral inoculation of a four day old colostrum deprived calf ...	1988	3058279
cs31a, a new k88-related fimbrial antigen on bovine enterotoxigenic and septicemic escherichia coli strains.	the nature of the common surface antigen of six hemagglutinating and adhesive piliated escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic or septicemic calves was studied. by electron microscopy studies, the e. coli surface antigen designated cs31a was found on bacterial cells and in purified form to consist of thin (2-nm) "fibrillar" fimbriae. e. coli 31a, which was cured of a 105-megadalton plasmid, failed to express cs31a fimbriae, but retained the ability to hemagglutinate and to adhere in vit ...	1988	2899553
[epidemiology of diarrhea caused by escherichia coli and rotavirus in calves and lambs in morocco].	an epidemiological survey on e coli and rotavirus associated diarrheas in one to twenty five days old calves and lambs was made in three regions: rabat-kenitra, marrakech and agadir. isolated e coli k99 stains have been studied of a biochemical, serotypical (o antigen) and antibiotypical point of view. the identification of rotavirus was made by elisa test. persistence of k99 antigen and heat stable toxin a was examined after a conservation of 5 weeks at - 18 degrees c. the frequency of e coli k ...	1988	3041900
a glycolipid precursor of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lipid x) lacks activity against endothelial cells in vitro and is not toxic in vivo.	lipid x (2,3-diacylglucosamine-1-phosphate) accumulates in mutants of escherichia coli incapable of assembling the disaccharide backbone of lipid a, the principle endotoxic moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). we compared the effects of lipid x on cultured bovine aortic endothelial cell (bec) viability and prostacyclin (pgi2) release with those of lipid a and lps. at 10(-5) m, both lps and lipid a produced significant bec cytotoxicity (percentage cytotoxicity 69 +/- 4 for lps and 51 +/- ...	1988	3043110
effect of ph changes on the killing of staphylococcus aureus and other mastitis pathogens by bovine neutrophil granule extracts.	a partly purified extract of granules from bovine neutrophils was used to investigate killing of mastitis pathogens by the non-oxidative killing system of the neutrophil. eight strains of staphylococcus aureus, two of escherichia coli and two of streptococcus uberis were used. different strains of bacteria had different sensitivities to killing by the extract, three strains of staphylococci being particularly resistant. whereas e coli were killed most effectively at ph 6.0, little or no killing ...	1988	3043603
inhibition of parathyroid hormone bioactivity by human parathyroid hormone (pth)-(3-84) and pth-(8-84) synthesized in escherichia coli.	human pth (hpth)-(3-84) and hpth-(8-84) were synthesized in escherichia (e.) coli when the cells were transformed with a multicopy plasmid in which the transcription of human prepropth cdna is directed by the e. coli lac promoter. pth fragments were extracted from cells and purified by reverse phase hplc. pth bioactivity and pth antagonist activity were estimated in a renal cytochemical bioassay. hpth-(3-84) and hpth-(8-84) exhibited less than 1% and less than 0.1%, respectively, of the biologic ...	1988	3046927
cdna cloning and sequence analysis of a chicken gene expressed during the gonadal development and homologous to mammalian cytochrome p-450c17.	a cdna clone, ploa0511, was isolated from the cdna library prepared from the left ovaries of one- to three-day-old chickens. the transcript corresponding to this cdna clone is approx. 1.9 kb in length and is present in steroidogenic tissues (ovary, testis and adrenal gland) but is undetectable in non-steroidogenic tissues. relative abundance of the transcript in the ovary and testis is high and developmentally regulated but is much lower in the adrenal gland. relative levels of this transcript i ...	1988	3047010
triacylglycerol output by the isolated perfused liver of endotoxin-treated rats.	liver perfusion experiments were performed to further investigate the origin of hypertriacylglycerolemia associated with endotoxemia in rats. for this purpose male rats were treated with e. coli endotoxin in a dose of 0.5 mg/100 g b.w. intravenously, deprived of food (with free access to water), and used 18 h later for liver perfusion experiments. livers were isolated and perfused for 4 h with a medium consisting of krebs-ringer bicarbonate buffer containing bovine serum albumin (4%, w/v), gluco ...	1988	3048767
non-radioactive oligonucleotide probe for detection of clinical enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolates of bovine origin.	oligonucleotides (32 or 34 mer) corresponding to enterotoxigenic escherichia coli stia (st-p) toxin gene were tailed with bio-11-dutp using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. plasmids from clinical e. coli isolates were prepared by modified rapid alkaline lysis procedure and dot-spotted. biotinylated oligonucleotide probes were hybridized to detect the stia toxin gene. the results were in agreement with that obtained by radioactive oligonucleotide probes. of 135 clinical isolates (sampled fr ...	1988	3052531
contribution of various host factors to resistance to experimentally induced bacterial endotoxemia in calves.	the reactions of 15 calves to iv administered bacterial lipopolysaccharide was investigated and was correlated with the capacity of 2 host defense mechanisms. the calves had a wide range of changes in clinical response, total wbc count, plasma lactate dehydrogenase (ld) activity, reaction to intradermally inoculated lipid a, and rectal temperature response. the early rectal temperature response of an individual calf was correlated with plasma ld activity, indicating a relationship between cell d ...	1988	3288022
multiple interactions of lysine-128 of escherichia coli glutamate dehydrogenase revealed by site-directed mutagenesis studies.	a highly conserved lysine at position 128 of escherichia coli glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) has been altered by site-directed mutagenesis of the gdha gene. chemical modification studies have previously shown the importance of this residue for catalytic activity. we report the properties of mutants in which lysine-128 has been changed to histidine (k128h) or arginine (k128r). both mutants have substantially reduced catalytic centre activities and raised ph optima for activity. k128h also has incr ...	1988	3149742
reduction studies on bacterial recombinant somatomedin c/insulin-like growth factor-1.	n-met-somatomedin c/insulin-like growth factor-1 (rsmc) had been produced in recombinant escherichia coli in monomeric form. the intact rsmc peptide is initially synthesized in e. coli cells in denatured form as inclusion bodies. the rsmc peptide in these inclusion bodies was found in reduced form. isolation of this rsmc peptide was accomplished by separation and dissolution of the inclusion bodies, with dissociation of non-covalently aggregated species. the reduced rsmc was converted to a metas ...	1988	3170686
enzyme-capture assay for rapid detection of escherichia coli in oysters.	enzyme-capture assays (ecas) for escherichia coli beta-d-glucuronidase (gud) were performed directly from 24-h gas-positive lauryl tryptose broth (ltb) fermentation tubes that had been inoculated with oyster homogenate seeded with e. coli. the ltb-eca method yielded results in 1 day that were equivalent to those obtained in 2 days by an ltb and ec-4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-glucuronide (ec-mug) method. overall, 62 of 64 (97%) positive ec-mug broths from which e. coli was isolated were correctly ...	1989	2650619
g protein beta gamma subunits from bovine brain and retina: equivalent catalytic support of adp-ribosylation of alpha subunits by pertussis toxin but differential interactions with gs alpha.	we have examined the ability of the beta gamma subunits of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory proteins (g proteins) to support the pertussis toxin (pt) catalyzed adp-ribosylation of g protein alpha subunits. substoichiometric amounts of the beta gamma complex purified from either bovine brain g proteins or the bovine retinal g protein, gt, are sufficient to support the adp-ribosylation of the alpha subunits of gi (the g protein that mediates inhibition of adenylyl cyclase) and go (a g protein ...	1989	2496748
detection of conglutinin in bovine serum by complement-dependent agglutination of escherichia coli.	agglutination of escherichia coli (eca) by normal bovine serum was shown to be prevented by heating serum to 56 degrees c for 30 min, but restored by normal horse, swine, rabbit or guinea pig sera. further investigation of the eca reaction using techniques to distinguish between conglutination and immunoconglutination indicated eca to be a conglutination reaction. testing of 264 sera obtained from 22 normal cattle over a period of 5 months did not show individual or seasonal variation in eca. ch ...	1989	2672554
rapid decay of serum igg recognizing gram-negative cell wall core antigens in neonatal calves.	serum immunoglobulins of the igg isotype recognizing common gram-negative cell core epitopes were serially measured, using a direct elisa, on samples obtained from 20 neonatal holstein calves. an r-mutant escherichia coli (strain j5) was used as a plate antigen in this assay. total serum igg concentration was measured using radial immunodiffusion. half-lives of core antigen-specific igg (7.56 days) and total serum igg (22.66 days) were dramatically different (p less than 0.0005). this may be an ...	1989	2672915
a possible correlation between histological changes in regional subcutaneous tissue induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides and their adjuvant activities.	previously it was demonstrated that klebsiella pneumoniae o3 lipopolysaccharide (ko3 lps) exhibited much stronger adjuvant action on antibody response to subcutaneously (s.c.) injected sheep red blood cells or deaggregated bovine serum albumin than did other kinds of lps, the r-form lps lacking the o-specific polysaccharide chain of ko3 lps (r-lps), and the lipid a fractionated from ko3 lps. we compared histological changes in the regional subcutaneous tissues of mice injected subcutaneously (s. ...	1989	2586346
fragments of prochymosin produced in escherichia coli form insoluble inclusion bodies.	bovine prochymosin produced in escherichia coli has been used as a model system to investigate factors which may cause a recombinant protein to accumulate as insoluble inclusion bodies. a series of plasmids was constructed to investigate the effect of deletions within the prochymosin-coding sequence on protein inclusion body formation. the results demonstrated that as much as 70% of the prochymosin-coding sequence could be deleted with no significant reduction in the accumulation of insoluble pr ...	1989	2536676
bacterial expression of the p24 gag protein of the bovine leukaemia virus.	the possibility of expression of the gag gene of bovine leukaemia virus (blv) in the bacterial system was investigated. the dna fragment coding for the gag core 24 kda protein of blv was inserted into the porf1 expression vector. the polypeptides expressed in e. coli were analysed by western blotting. the bacterially synthesized antigens were detected by the serum of a blv-infected cow and by mouse monoclonal antibodies against the native p24 gag protein.	1989	2541030
alterations in bovine neutrophil function during the periparturient period.	neutrophils from 8 holstein heifers were evaluated for function during the periparturient period. random migration, ingestion of bacteria, superoxide anion production, native (nonenhanced) chemiluminescence, iodination, and antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity by neutrophils were determined. foremilk samples were evaluated for bacteria. significant (p less than 0.05) increases in random migration of neutrophils, iodination, and chemiluminescence were evident 2 weeks before parturition ...	1989	2541640
antimicrobial activity of clove oil dispersed in a concentrated sugar solution.	essential oil of clove, dispersed (0.4% v/v) in a concentrated sugar solution, had a marked germicidal effect against various bacteria and candida albicans. staphylococcus aureus (five strains), klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, clostridium perfringens, and escherichia coli inoculated at a level of 10(7) cfu/ml, and c. albicans (inoculum 4.0 x 10(5) cfu/ml) were killed (greater than 99.999%) after 2-7 min in a laboratory broth supplemented with 63% (v/w) of sugar, and containing 0.4 ...	1989	2542213
studies on the binding substances on human erythrocytes for the heat-labile enterotoxin isolated from chicken enterotoxigenic escherichia coli.	to study the predominant binding substance for the heat-labile enterotoxin (ltc) isolated from chicken enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, competitive binding assays were performed with neuraminidase-treated human type b erythrocytes and 125i-labeled b subunit of ltc (ltc-b). of all inhibitors used, the ganglioside gm1 was the most effective in inhibiting the binding of 125i-labeled ltc-b to the erythrocytes. the other gangliosides used as inhibitors, gangliosides gd1b, gd1a, gm2, gt1b and gm3, we ...	1989	2547442
flotation of mastitis pathogens with cream from subclinically infected quarters. prospects for developing a cream-rising test for detecting mastitis caused by major mastitis pathogens.	bacterial isolates, originating from 36 subclinically infected quarter milk samples, were labelled with 75se and checked for cream-rising at various temperatures in a system analogous to the abr test ("abortus bang ringprobe"; the cream-rising test based on stained brucella organisms for detection of brucellosis). diagnostic specificity and sensitivity were analyzed in experiments where labelled bacterial isolates were mixed with a number of quarter milk samples with known bacteriological status ...	1989	2929195
pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime given alone and combination with probenecid to unweaned calves.	ceftazidime pharmacokinetic values were studied in unweaned calves given the antibiotic alone or in combination with probenecid. ceftazidime was administered iv to 9 calves at a dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight and im (10 mg/kg) to 8 calves, to 7 calves (10 mg/kg plus probenecid [40 mg/kg]), and to 9 calves (10 mg/kg plus probenecid [80 mg/kg]). serum concentration-vs-time data were analyzed, using noncompartmental methods based on statistical moment theory. the data for iv ceftazidime administ ...	1989	2679252
[escherichia coli mastitis in cattle. iii. antibacterial therapy].	this review paper is concerned with antibacterial therapy of mastitis caused by escherichia coli. the choice of an antibacterial agent is discussed, and nine criteria are referred to, on which this choice should be based. in the second part possible forms of antibacterial treatment are discussed. literature on parenteral and local treatment of mastitis due to e. coli is scarcely available. the evaluation of antibacterial drugs is mainly based on mic values and pharmacokinetic studies in normal a ...	1989	2678591
[escherichia coli mastitis in cattle. i. clinical diagnosis and epidemiological aspects].	the diagnostic aspects, incidence, risk factors and prevention of coliform mastitis are reviewed in the present paper. it is concluded that it is not possible to establish an accurate diagnosis of coliform mastitis, which is based on a specific clinical symptom differentiating it from other forms of mastitis. not any single symptom or combination of symptoms is specific for coliform mastitis. the importance of coliform mastitis in dairy cattle showed a marked increase during the last few decades ...	1989	2678588
[escherichia coli mastitis in cattle. ii. pathogenesis and symptomatic therapy].	the pathogenesis, course run by the disease, and symptomatic treatment of mastitis due to escherichia coli in dairy cattle are reviewed in relation to the functioning of cellular and humoral defence mechanisms. the systemic symptoms of disease during mastitis caused by e. coli are attributed to the release and subsequent absorption from the udder of endogenous inflammatory mediators, rather than the direct absorption of endotoxins into the circulation. the course run by the disease during mastit ...	1989	2678590
phospholipase a2 engineering: design, synthesis, and expression of a gene for bovine (pro)phospholipase a2.	a gene coding for the (pro)phospholipase a2 (pla2) from bovine pancreas has been designed, synthesized, and expressed in escherichia coli. the gene was designed with a variety of restriction sites that will facilitate future mutagenesis studies. codons occurring frequently in prokaryotic systems were chosen whenever possible. the total gene spans 404 base pairs and was divided into 33 oligonucleotides. the gene was constructed in two halves of 224 and 180 base pairs from the oligonucleotides by ...	1989	2674160
properties of vero cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli of human and animal origin belonging to serotypes other than o157:h7.	eight non-o157:h7 vero cytotoxin (vt)-producing escherichia coli (vtec) strains isolated from ill persons and nine bovine and lamb strains of serogroups matching the human strains, were characterized for various properties known to be associated with e. coli virulence. five different serogroups were represented: o5, o55, o103, o111 and o153. the bovine and lamb strains produced vt1, while 3 human strains produced vt1, 3 produced vt2 and 2 were positive for both vt1 and vt2. the strains were non- ...	1989	2673828
prevention of clinical coliform mastitis in dairy cows by a mutant escherichia coli vaccine.	a prospective cohort study was undertaken in two commercial california dairies. the treatment group, 246 cows, received three doses of a whole cell bacterin of j5 escherichia coli (mutant of e. coli o111:b4) plus freund's incomplete adjuvant vaccine (two in the dry period and one after calving) while 240 unvaccinated cows served as controls. thirty-five cases of clinical coliform mastitis were diagnosed, six in vaccinated cows and 29 in unvaccinated cows. bacteria isolated from the clinical case ...	1989	2670166
expression of bovine cytochrome p450c17 cdna in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	we constructed expression plasmids for bovine adrenal cytochrome p450c17 (p450c17) by inserting the corresponding cdna between the yeast alcohol dehydrogenase i promoter and terminator of the expression vector paah5. plasmids pa alpha 1 and pa alpha 2 contained the entire coding region for bovine p450c17, whereas pac alpha 1 included the cdna coding for chimeric p450c alpha consisting of the amino-terminal 45 amino acid residues of rat p450c and the carboxy-terminal 482 amino acid residues of bo ...	1989	2673705
high yield synthesis of the bovine leukemia virus (blv) p24 major internal protein in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	bovine leukemia virus (blv) p24 gene was expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae under the control of the pho5 (encoding repressible acid phosphatase, rapase) promoter. yeast cells were transformed by a yeast-e. coli shuttle vector carrying the pho5 promoter, the p24 gene and the cyc1 transcription terminator. after low inorganic phosphate (pi) induction of the pho5 promoter, p24 accumulated in the producing cells up to a concentration representing 10% of total soluble proteins. the expression lev ...	1989	2551773
electron transfer facilitated by superoxide dismutase: a model for membrane redox systems?	membranes, which are an amalgam of proteins and lipids, effect electron transfer through largely unknown mechanisms. using albumin with bound fatty acids as a model, we have investigated the possible role of these two membrane constituents in electron transfer. in the presence of albumin: fatty acid, there is substantial enhancement of the reduction of ferricytochrome c by ferrous iron. to assess the possible role of free superoxide in cytochrome c reduction, we added mammalian copper/zinc conta ...	1989	2556133
haematological changes in buffalo calves inoculated with escherichia coli endotoxin and corticosteroids.	haematological studies were conducted on 10 clinically normal water buffalo calves to determine leucocytic responses to escherichia coli endotoxin, prednisolone and dexamethasone. intravenous injection of 10 micrograms endotoxin induced minimal decreases in leucocyte numbers, whereas 20, 50 and 100 micrograms produced a marked leucopenia within one hour. moderate to marked leucopenia, neutropenia and lymphopenia persisted for three to 14 hours. significant rebound neutrophilia was evident at six ...	1989	2687989