Publications

laboratory studies with a new broad-spectrum penicillin, pirbenicillin.	pirbenicillin {6-[d-2-phenyl-2(n-4-pyridylformimidoylaminoacetamido) -acetamido]-penicillanic acid} showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity in vitro and also in the treatment of experimental infections after parenteral administration to mice. against pseudomonas aeruginosa, a three- to fourfold potency advantage over carbenicillin was seen both in vitro and in vivo. the in vitro antibacterial spectrum of pirbenicillin includes escherichia coli, serratia, citrobacter, and enterobacter isolat ...	1976	938027
the incidence and pattern of sepsis among general surgical in-patients at muhimbili hospital, dar es salaam, 1973.		1976	939182
a survey of aquarium fishes, their foods, and environmental water for salmonellae.	the presence of salmonellae in the pet shop environment, fishes, aquarium water, and in a variety of commercially prepared and natural fish foods was determined. salmonellosis attributed to turtles purchased from pet shops has been responsible for an estimated 280,000 human cases annually in the united states. the possibility that aquarium fishes, or their food and aquatic habitat might also serve as sources of human salmonellosis was deemed worthy of clarification. results of the present survey ...	1976	940312
[use of the swarming phenomenon for the purpose of isolating pure cultures of salmonellae from feces. i].	the authors elaborated and tested a number of elective-differential media for swarming of salmonellae. when pure cultures of proteus, e. coli and salmonellae were seded on these media the latter exeeded the rest of enteric bacteria by the intensity of swarming. in the capacity of saprophyte inhibitors the most effective were media with the addition of penicillin and sodium selenite. satisfactory results were obtained on the mentioned media in isolation of salmonellae from the artificially contam ...	1976	941609
inhibitory effect of light on growth-supporting properties of eosin methylene blue agar.	exposure of eosin methylene blue agar to visible light can alter the ability of that medium to support microbial growth. proteus species were most sensitive to the photodynamic action.	1976	942204
[studies on the antibacterial activity of the combination sulfamoxole/trimethoprim (cn 3123) (author's transl)].	after giving a survey on the situation of antibiotic resistance in the region of northern bavaria during 1973/74 and comparing the activity of a sulfamethoxazole (smz) trimethoprim (tmp) combination to other commonly used antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents, the results of tests with the new combination of n1-(4,5-dimethyl-2-oxazolyl)-sulfanilamide) (sulfamoxole) and 2,4-diamino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzyl)-pyrimidine (trimethoprim) at a ratio of 5:1 (cn 3123; nevin, supristol) are compared t ...	1976	947327
is the pathogenesis of crohn's disease similar to that juvenile recurrent pyelonephritis? a study of lipid a antibody titers in crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and acute enteritis.	in 18 patients with crohn's disease, 28 patients with ulcerative colitis, 24 patients with enteritis and in 68 healthy adults lipid a antibody titers were determined by the passive hemolysis test. in addition, 0 antibody titers to polyvalent e. coli, klebisella, proteus, and ps. aeruginosa antigens were measured by indirect hemagglutination. the patients with crohn's disease showed a statistically significant elevation of the lipid a antibody titers compared with each of the three other groups i ...	1976	947846
[combined action of some antibiotics and bile acids on bacteria of the genus proteus].		1976	948274
antibacterial activity of selected beta-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics against cephalothin-resistant enterobacteriaceae.	the in vitro antibacterial activity of four beta-lactam antibiotics (cefatrizine [bl-s640], cefamandole, cefoxitin, and carbenicillin) and three aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin) was determined against 197 strains of cephalothin-resistant enterobacteriaceae. eighty strains were found to be gentamicin-sensitive, and 117 were found to be gentamicin-resistant. carbenicillin was the most active beta-lactam antibiotic against gentamicin-sensitive serratia marcescens and enterobac ...	1976	949175
mecillinam, a novel penicillanic acid derivative with unusual activity against gram-negative bacteria.	the in vitro activity of mecillinam, a 6 beta-amidinopenicillanic acid derivative, was investigated. mecillinam is not active against most gram-positive coccal or bacilliary forms. many members of the enterobacteriaceae are inhibited, with 86% of escherichia coli, 71% of klebsiella, 62% of enterobacter, 75% of salmonella, 69% of shigella, and 70% of citrobacter inhibited by 6.3 mug/ml. indole-positive proteus and serratia were generally resistant as are pseudomonas strains. although mecillinam i ...	1976	949176
activity of cefamandole and other cephalosporins against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.	the activity of cefamandole was comparable to that of cephalothin, cefazolin, and cephaloridine against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, and diplococcus pneumoniae. in contrast, cefamandole was considerably more active than cephalothin, cefazolin, or cephaloridine against gram-negative facultative bacilli, including haemophilus influenzae, the most striking disparities being noted with indole-positive proteus and enterobacter. bacteroides fragilis was more susceptible to cefoxitin ...	1976	949182
differential agar medium (a7) for identification of ureaplasma urealyticum (human t mycoplasmas) in primary cultures of clinical material.	a differential agar medium for the identification of ureaplasma urealyticum in primary cultures of clinical specimens is described. the differential medium (no. a7) is specific for the identification of u. urealyticum and other members of the genus ureaplasma. large-colony, classical mycoplasma and acholeplasma species and proteus l colonies are unreactive on this differential medium. the medium incorporates the biochemical principle of the direct spot test for urease in colonies of ureaplasma a ...	1976	950379
[bacterial flora in neurogenic bladder].		1976	951985
providencia stuartii, a hospital pathogen: potential factors for its emergence and transmission.	the emergence of providencia stuartii as a hospital pathogen in a burn unit was demonstrated by routine infection surveillance. the organism was initially recognized in a burn wound and subsequently in urine or sputum. compared to controls, those patients harboring p. stuartii were similar in age and percentage of body surface burned and were more likely to have been in one of the two burn unit rooms, (p less than 0.02). infection with p. stuartii was independent of duration in the intensive car ...	1976	952286
structure and function of the rabbit bladder altered by chronic obstruction or cystitis.	decreased muscle contractility has been observed in association with intercellular collagen deposition after acute urinary obstruction. chronically induced (2 months) bladder neck obstruction in rabbits produced similar marked changes in the ultrastructure of the bladder wall, with widening of the intercellular spaces and formation of collagen. resting intravesical pressure was greater in animals with bladder neck obstruction than in the controls, yet response to stimulation was not impaired. ba ...	1976	955851
nocardicin a, a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic. i. discovery, isolation and characterization.	nocardicin a is a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic obtained from the fermentation broth of a strain of actinomycetes. the producing organism, strain ws 1571, was identified as nocardia uniformis subsp. tsuyamanensis atcc 21806. the antibiotic, obtained as colorless crystals, exhibits moderate in vitro antibacterial activity against a broad-spectrum of gram-negative bacteria including proteus and pseudomonas. it has low toxicity in laboratory animals.	1976	956036
a numerical taxonomic study of proteus-providence bacteria.		1976	956066
stool bacterial aerobic overgrowth in the small intestine of children with acute diarrhoea.	the aerobic flora of 2 groups of children (normal and with malnutrition) with acute diarrhoea was studied, by intubation of the upper and middle small intestine and by stool culture. all the 27 children studied presented bacterial concentrations of 10(5) germs/ml at one or both levels studied. in 9 cases enteropathogen bacteria e were isolated from stools, and in 6 of these they were also found in the small intestine. the results show the elevated incidence of overgrowth of the small intestinal ...	1976	961412
nosocomial infection with highly resistant, proteus rettgeri. report of an epidemic.	over 22-1/2 months an epidemic of at least 127 cases of nosocomial infection developed from a strain of proteus rettgeri resistant to all antibiotics commonly tested in hospital laboratories. although there were at least four cases of septicemia and one related death, the majority of cases consisted of asymptomatic bacteriuria or clinically mild urinary tract infection. indwelling urinary tract devices and antibiotic therapy were important predisposing factors. data supported an association betw ...	1976	961694
[effectiveness of antibiotic premedication in colonic surgery].	the value of preoperative bowel preparation with antibiotics in colon surgery was studied in a prospective randomized trial: 58 patients received only mechanical and dietary preparation and 50 patients were treated additionally with a combination of neomycin and bacitracin 4 days preoperatively. bacteriologic studies of stools from the day before beginning of preparation and from the day before surgery which were done quantitatively per 1 gram stool revealed that the fecal flora of 90% of the pa ...	1976	964056
[different types of hereditary changes in cell survival caused by x-rays in different dosage (experiments conducted on amoeba proteus)].		1976	968003
aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in diabetic foot ulcers.	twenty diabetic foot ulcers were cultured using optimal microbiologic techniques. anaerobic bacteria coexisted with the more commonly recognized aerobic bacteria in 18 specimens. there were a total of 116 isolates with an average of 5.8 species per specimen (3.2 aerobes and 2.6 anaerobes). the principal isolates were bacteroides species (sp.) (17 strains), peptococci (16), proteus sp. (11), enterococci (9), staphylococcus aureus (7), clostridia (7), and escherichia coli (6). when antimicrobial t ...	1976	970773
significance of diuresis-provoked bacteriuria.	of 52 clinically healthy, ambulant elderly subjects with urine that was sterile or contained less than 0.2 x 10(5) bacteria/ml before diureisi, 11 (21.2%) responded to oral water loading and intravenous treatment with furosemide with a bacterial excretion rate of greater than 2.4 x 10(5)/min. subjects with bacteriuria had decreased blood pressure, rate of creatinine clearance, maximal level of urinary creatinine, and maximal urinary flow. twenty-nine of the nonbacteriuric and eight of the subjec ...	1976	972265
tobramycin and cephalothin for treatment of suspected sepsis in neutropenic children with cancer.	the safety and efficacy of tobramycin and cephalothin in treatment of suspected sepsis were studied in neutropenic children with various malignancies. twenty episodes of suspected sepsis in 19 febrile children with cancer were treated with parenteral tobramycin and cephalothin; the duration of therapy ranged from one to 80 days. in 14 of the 20 episodes of suspected sepsis, a favorable clinical response was achieved within five days after initiation of antibiotic therapy. these episodes included ...	1976	972278
emergence of gentamicin-resistant bacteria: experience with tobramycin therapy of infections due to gentamicin-resistant organisms.	a computerized system for testing and surveillance of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics was used in monitoring the emergence of gentamicin-resistant strains of aerobic and facultative gram-negative bacilli at massachusetts general hospital since the release of gentamicin for clinical use in 1971. during the period studied, there was a significant increase in the prevalence of gentamicin-resistant bacteria, particularly among pseudomonas, acinetobacter (herellea), and proteus and, more rece ...	1976	972284
evaluation of tobramycin in severe urinary tract infection.	twenty-five patients with severe urinary tract infections were treated with 3 mg of tobramycin/kg per day (given in two doses). susceptible organisms were escherichia coli, proteus, klebsiella, pseudomonas, streptococcus, and enterococcus. clincal conditions in which treatment produced excellent bacteriological results included a wide range of urological disorders; the most common were pyelonephritis, cystitis, and epididymo-orchitis, three patients had septicemia, and 12 had an infection that w ...	1976	972285
[serological indicators in patients with suppurative processes in the abdominal cavity caused by proteus infection].		1976	972447
quantitative and bacteriological studies of urine specimens from canine and feline urinary tract infections.	the most prevalent microorganisms isolated from urine specimens of dogs (385) and cats (132) with clinical signs of urinary tract infections were escherichia coli, proteus spp., and staphylococcus aureus. the results of quantitative urine-culturing methods showed 48.6% of the canine and 12.1% of the feline specimens had more than 10(5) organisms per ml of urine. the bacteria isolated appear to have a greater resistance to antibacterial agents than previously reported.	1976	977732
[providencia isolated from the stools of patients with gastroenteritis].	92 providencia strains were isolated from the stools of patients with gastroenteritis. all specimens were negative for other pathogenes such as salmonella, shigella, enteropathogenic e. coli and vibrios. viral etiology was not investigated. the distribution according to years and months is shown in the table. 17 isolations made during august, seemed rather high and gave the impression of a small epidemic.	1976	979696
a study of skin diseases in dogs and cats. ii. microflora of the normal skin of dogs and cats.	a study of the microflora of the normal skin was undertaken in 10 dogs and 10 cats. swabs were taken from the surface of the skin at 7 different sites (fig. 1). micrococcus spp., alpha-hemolytic streptococci, and acinetobacter spp. were found consistently in both species. staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 9 dogs and 4 cats, and staphylococcus epidermidis from 7 dogs and 5 cats. beta-hemolytic streptococci, corynebacterium spp., bacillus spp., escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, pseudomona ...	1976	980697
[a quantitative method of determining lecithinases and lipases in microorganisms].	the paper presents a method for quantitative assay of lecithinases and lipases in microorganisms. the method is based on the assessment of changes in the composition of lipid components of yolk media under the influence of corresponding enzymic systems of bacteria. the technique involved lipid extraction from yolk media after cultivation of the microorganisms tested, chromatographic separation by thin-layer chromatography on silicagel into individual fractions, development in iodine vapours and ...	1976	981203
physical properties and the fine structure of proteocines.	proteocines derived from twelve previously described bacteriocinogenic strains of proteus mirabilis and proteus vulgaris were investigated. all proteocine preparations were particulate, unaffected by trypsin, and destroyed by freezing and thawing or by heating at 60 degrees c for 30 minutes. proteocine activity was removed by adsorption with the appropriate sensitive organisms. the active principles of all preparations were partially purified by precipitation with 70% (w/v nh4(so4)2 followed by ...	1976	983532
wound infection: a prospective study of 7519 operations.	wound infection was prospectively studied in 7,519 consecutive operations after preoperative classification as clean, clean-contaminated, and infected. the overall infection rate was 3.9 per cent. clean, 3.2 per cent; clean-contaminated, 4.4 per cent; contaminated, 12.4 per cent; infected, 16.2 per cent. wound infection was not seasonally related or dependent on changes in house staff. in clean cases, the predominant role of staphylococcus aureus (37%) has been superceded by enterococci (44%). i ...	1976	984592
bioevaluation of the antibacterial flumequine for urinary tract use.	the antimicrobial activity of flumequine (r-802) was characterized by in vitro and in vivo procedures. assay of the minimal inhibitory concentrations for 321 recent clinical isolates revealed that 88% of the gram-negative bacteria were inhibited by an r-802 concentration of 6.2 mug/ml or less. cross-resistance in laboratory-derived mutants of proteus vulgaris was essentially complete for r-802, nalidixic acid, and oxolinic acid, although quantitative differences were evident. r-802 was more effe ...	1976	984753
in vitro activity of gentamicin and minocycline alone and in combination against bacteria associated with intra-abdominal sepsis.	the minimal inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin and minocycline alone and in combination were determined by a broth microdilution method for 100 aerobic, facultative, and anaerobic isolates representative of pathogens recovered from patients with intra-abdominal sepsis. gentamicin inhibited all strains of klebsiella, enterobacter, and pseudomonas aeruginosa in concentrations of 0.4 to 3.1 mug/ml and all strains of escherichia coli and proteus mirabilis in concentrations of 0.8 to 12.5 mug/ml ...	1976	984755
comparative activity in vitro of ticarcillin, bl-p1654, and carbenicillin.	the activity of ticarcillin, bl-p1654, and carbenicillin was compared in vitro using a microtiter tube dilution test in mueller-hinton broth against 50 recent clinical isolates each of staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, klebsiella species, enterobacter species, proteus species, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. bactericidal end points were determined using a modified steers replicator. ticarcillin was generally two to four times more active against all organisms teste ...	1976	984764
in vitro evaluation of the new oral cephalosporin cefatrizine: comparison with other cephalosporins.	cefatrizine (bl-s640), a semisynthetic, orally administered cephalosporin, was found to have an in vitro spectrum of activity comparable to those of four other cephalosporins tested. it is as effective as cephalexin, the other orally administered cephalosporin evaluated, against most species, and it appears to be more effective than cephalexin against many enterobacter, haemophilus, and proteus strains isolated in our hospital. it is not inactivated by the plasmid-determined beta-lactamases of 1 ...	1976	984771
comparison of activity of sisomicin and gentamicin in mouse protection tests with gram-negative bacilli.	the efficacy of sisomicin and gentamicin was compared in mouse protection studies against strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., enterobacter aerogenes, serratia marcescens, proteus mirabilis, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. there was no significant difference in mortality of the mice in any of the protocol groups when five different dosages of sisomicin and gentamicin given by three separate schedules were compared for each bacterial inoculum in each antibiotic protocol. the mean protective d ...	1976	984779
comparison of the antibacterial activity of nine cephalosporins against enterobacteriaceae and nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli.	the in vitro antibacterial activity of nine cephalosporins (cephalothin, cephaloridine, cephalexin, cefazolin, cefamandole, cefuroxime, cefatrizine, cefoxitin, and cefazaflur) was determined against 344 strains of enterobacteriaceae and 99 nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli. cefamandole, cefazaflur, and cefuroxime were the most active cephalosporins against the enterobacteriaceae (with the exception of serratia marcescens). however, cefoxitin was the only cephalosporin that inhibited all 30 s ...	1976	984801
bacteria within ovules and seeds.	surface-sterilized ovules and seeds of 27 species of plants were cultured in the water of syneresis of a nutrient medium low in agar content. bacteria were obtained from 30% of the ovules, 15% of the seeds of herbaceous plants, 16% of the seeds of woody plants, 5.4% of the overwintered noncereal seeds, and 13.5% of overwintered cereal seeds. in no instance did every ovule or seed of a plant species contain bacteria. no bacteria were obtained from the hard, waxy seeds of mimosa or yellowwood. the ...	1976	984839
deconjugation of bile acids by human intestinal bacteria.	the purpose of this report is to present the deconjugation of bile acids by numbers of strains of bacteria in the small intestine and feces. the small intestinal juice was aseptically aspirated by a double lumen tube with a rubber cover on the tip devised by us ("fukushima type 1"). bile acids were analyzed with thin layer chromatography. the results: 1) among aerobic bacteria, species of which all of the strains split conjugated bile acids was enterococcus, and most of the strains split were st ...	1976	992250
amikacin in obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal infections: laboratory and clinical studies.	based on the proportion of resistant, moderately sensitive, and sensitive strains, the descending order of activity of amikacin against clinical isolates of urinary pathogens was salmonella, klebsiella, enterobacter, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter, proteus species, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. however, amikacin was the most active of the antibiotics tested (including gentamicin and tobramycin) against 100 strains of p. aeruginosa. the calculated half-life of amikacin was sub ...	1976	993629
ceftezole, a new cephalosporin c derivative i. in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity.	ceftezole, a new cephalosporin antibiotic similar to cefazolin, has the following chemical structure: (6r,7r)-8-oxo-7[2-(1h-tetrazol-1-yl)acetamido]-3-[(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylthio)methyl]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-carboxylic acid. ceftezole was found to be a broad-spectrum antibiotic, active in vitro against many species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens and proteus vulgaris. the activity of ceftezole against clinical isolates ...	1976	994325
[enterobacteria of reptiles (author's transl)].	the aerobic gram-negative faecal flora of 78 reptiles consisting of 46 species (39 lizards of 23 species, 15 tortoises of 9 species, 24 snakes of 14 species) was studied. salmonella was found to be present in 50% of lizards, in 16% of tortoises and in 16% of snakes. there were all together 15 different serotypes. edwardsiella tarda was isolated in 20% of tortoises, in 12% of snakes but only in 3% of lizards. tortoises represent therefore the possible normal habitat of edwardsiella tarda. we isol ...	1976	998035
[results of hygienic investigations in hospitals and their consequences (author's transl)].	in all parts of the hospitals examined results were found, which demonstrated, in part considerable, gaps in the hygienic systems. therefore the enforcement of the following measures must be emphatically postulated: - development of hospital hygiene plans by competent experts in cooperation with the doctors and nurses in charge. - foundation of commissions for hygiene, who are responsible for preventive measures and for the establishment of a survey of hospital infections. - delegation of the in ...	1976	998052
correlation of the characters fermentation of trehalose, non-transmissible resistance to tetracycline, and relatively long flagellar wavelength in proteus morganii.	an investigation of strains of proteus morganii isolated from patients in odense, denmark, and of 21 serotype strains revealed a close correlation between the fermentation of trehalose and a non-transmissible resistance to tetracycline. the trehalose fermenting, tetracycline resistant strains had a longer flagellar wavelength than the non-fermenting, sensitive strains. resistance to chloramphenicol occurred only in strains of the former group.	1976	998259
[antibiotic sensitivity of the causative agents of pyelonephritis in pregnant and puerperal women].	the data presented are evident of the fact that the causative agents of pyelonephritis in pregnant women and puerpera are mostly ecsherichia. ilebsiella, enterococcus and ps. aeruginosa were isolated not so often. strains with multiple antibiotic resistance were mainly isolated from the urine. it should be noted that 64 per cent of the klebsiella strains and 90 per cent of the proteus strains were sensitive to ampicillin. it should be taken into account in development of rational therapy of pyel ...	1976	999246
[sensitivity, to antibiotics and chemical preparations, of proteus cultures isolated from patients with acute intestinal disorders].		1976	999247
[inducible cephalosporinases from proteus morganii].	it has been shown that two proteus morganii strains produce an inducible cephalosporinase. no significative difference was shown between them: they present the same isoelectric poit: 8,3 and very similar kinetic constants. the parameter tau, proportional to the half life of antibiotic at low concentration, in presence of beta lactamase, shows that cefamandole is the most stable cephalosporin studied.	1976	999950
tobramycin, amikacin, sissomicin, and gentamicin resistant gram-negative rods.	sensitivities to gentamicin, sissomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin were compared in 196 gentamicin-resistant gram-negative rods and in 212 similar organisms sensitive to gentamicin, mainly isolated from clinical specimens. amikacin was the aminoglycoside most active against gentamicin-resistant organisms, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella spp, escherichia coli, proteus spp, providencia spp, and citrobacter spp being particularly susceptible. most of the gentamicin-resistant organisms were isolat ...	1976	1000196
proteus vulvitis in childhood.		1976	1001202
[microflora of jejunal content in patients with dumping syndrome which developed after stomach resection].		1976	1007216
[bacteria of the proteus genus in surface waters].	the authors present the results of quantitative and qualitative detection of bacteria of the proteus group in the surface waters of various degree of contamination. by the new method of study there was revealed a number of regularities reflecting the ecology of these microbes in water. there proved to be a distinct correlation between the degree of water contamination by salmonellae and proteus at various seasons of the year (the prevalence in spring and autumn and reduction in summer and winter ...	1976	1007714
[identification of conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria in laboratory practice in the diagnosis of acute intestinal diseases].	identification of 361 cultures isolated from patients suffering from various acute intestinal diseasesand from persons who had sustained them, as well as from contacts and persons examined prophylactically with the use of various biochemical tests showed that ty their taxonomic properties the cultures were referred to conditionally-pathogenic representatives of enterobacteriaceae of the corresponding genera:citrobacter, hafnia, klebsiella, proteus, providencia. serological typing of the strains ...	1976	1007731
[bacteria of the citrobacter genus as one of the possible indeices of dysbacteriosis in intestinal diseases].	a study of the incidence of detection of bacteria of the citrobacter genus in chronic intestinal diseases with the clinical and bacteriological manifestations of dysbacteriosis indicated that the mentioned conditioned pathogenic bacteria were revealed with the same frequency as bacteria of the proteus genus which served as the commonly accepted index of intestinal dysbacteriosis. comparative analysis of the intestinal microbial flora of the patients led to a supposition that bacteria of the citr ...	1976	1007743
cefamandole: in vitro and clinical pharmacokinetics.	cefamandole has a broader spectrum and greater potency than the other cephalosporins. it includes haemophilus influenzae, most strains of enterobacter, and many strains of indole-positive proteus and bacteroides, with a lower minimal inhibitory concentration for escherichia coli, klebsiella, etc. concentrations of drug in the serum after the parenteral injection of cefamandole exceed manyfold the minimal inhibitory concentrations of over 82% of the bacteria studied. approximately 65 to 85% is ex ...	1976	1008540
enterotoxin-producing bacteria and parasites in stools of ethiopian children with diarrhoeal disease.	enterotoxinogenic bacteria were isolated from 131 (37%) of 354 ethiopian infants and children with acute gastrointestinal symptoms. only one of these isolates belonged to the classical enteropathogenic serotypes of esch. coli. two colonies from each patient were isolated and tested for production of enterotoxin by the rabbit ileal loop test, the rabbit skin test, and an adrenal cell assay. however, only 38% of the isolated enterotoxinogenic strains were esch. coli; the others belonged to klebsie ...	1976	1008593
the surgical significance of the proteus stone.	62 patients with staghorn calculi who underwent conservative surgery at the liverpool regional urological centre since 1962 have been reviewed. the evidence shows that stone disease due to proteus is more rapidly progressive than that due to other organisms. recurrences of proteus stones continue to behave in the same manner. complete kidney clearance at operation is an essential part of the management of these stones, if renal substance is to be preserved.	1976	1009318
staghorn calculi of the kidneys. a. clinical review.	a series of 91 staghorn calculi are reviewed. possible aetiological factors are analysed. a high incidence of hypercalciuria was found, and the significance of this is discussed. the rates of complete stone clearance after conservative surgery are considered for different types of staghorn calculus and it is felt that local circulatory arrest with kidney cooling may be of value in removing stones due to proteus. the place of elective nephrectomy in the management of staghorn calculi is discussed ...	1976	1009982
transferable gentamicin-tobramycin resistance in nosocomial strains of proteus rettgeri from oncologic patients.		1976	1015026
[fluid carbenicillin levels after intravenous administration].	intravenous infusion of carbenicillin was followed by a determination of the concentration of this antibiotic in both the liquor and serum. the examinations, of which the results are reported in this paper, were made on six patients who had undergone surgical operations to the posterior cranial fossa and on whom lumbar punctures were postoperatively performed every day, as well as on seven hydrocephalic patients where a temporary relief of pressure was obtained by draining excess liquor. the lev ...	1976	1015052
study of genetic relationships among marine species of the genera beneckea and photobacterium by means of in vitro dna/dna hybridization.	strains representative of species of the marine genera beneckea and photobacterium were used as reference standards in in vitro dna/dna competition experiments. within a given species, strains were found to be related by over 80% competition. (competition was defined as the amount of radioactive dna displaced by heterologous dna relative to the amount displaced by homologous dna.) on the basis of interspecies competition values (expressed as averages), the following groupings could be made: 1. " ...	1976	1015934
ocular development and involution in the european cave salamander, proteus anguinus laurenti.	the anatomy and development of the eye of proteus anguinus are described. the relationships between organogenesis of the eye in embryos and larva and its involution in the young and the adult are discussed. the availability (in breeding cultures) of a significant number of proteus embryos (which are normally rare) allowed experimental analysis of the effects of light, xenoplastic differentiation and thyroid hormones on the development of the eye. the results of this study suggest that developmen ...	1976	1016662
recurrence of infected calculi following postoperative renal irrigation with stone solvent.	renacidin has been shown to dissolve small fragments of infected renal calculi in vitro. 34 patients with infected calculi have undergone pyelolithotomy and postoperative renal irrigation with renacidin. 30 patients were women and proteus was the commonest infecting organism. renal irrigation appears to be safe if closely monitored and covered by antibiotic therapy. 24.4% of calculi had recurred at a mean follow-up of 42 months. the rate of recurrence or unilateral calculi was much less than tha ...	1976	1016826
concentrations of cefazolin in human skeletal muscle.	tissue concentrations of cefazolin were measured in 18 patients undergoing urological operations. specimens of skeletal muscle and blood were taken simultaneously at predetermined intervals. the concentrations in serum and homogenized skeletal muscle were determined by means of the agar well diffusion method. a comparison of standard curves obtained with phosphate buffer solution and the supernatant of muscle homogenate revealed no substantial binding of cefazolin to the supernatant of muscle ho ...	1976	1017877
timing of nucleolar dna replication in amoeba proteus.	light- and electron-microscope autoradiography have been used to follow the incorporation of [3h]thymidine at different stages during the interphase of synchronously growing populations of amoeba proteus. two main patterns were found for tritiated thymidine incorporation, i.e. dna synthesis. the major incorporation was in the central region of the nucleus, but a lesser degree of incorporation occurred in the nucleolar region. the bulk of this nucleolar dna was found to be late replicating, i.e. ...	1976	1018044
[c-reactive protein in inflammatory processes of the female genital organs].	c-reactive protein (crp) was investigated in 202 women: in 20 women with acute non-specific inflammation and the presence of different bacteria (streptococcus pyocyaneus, enterococcus, escherichia colli, proteus), in 12 women with confirmed genital tuberculosis, in 66 women with the chronic inflammation of genital organs, and in 104 women with normal genital findings. in all patients with acute inflammations crp was positive. it was highly positive in those with elevated temperature and sediment ...	1976	1018499
changes in the bacterial cecal flora of mice infected with trichuris muris (schrank, 1788).	cecal microorganisms of mice were categorized and enumerated weekly during the developmental cycle of infection with the whipworm, trichuris muris. the cecal bacterial population consisted of escherichia coli, proteus spp, acinetobacter lwoffi (mima polymorpha), aerobic lactobacilli, staphylococci, enterococci, and anaerobes (bacteroides, streptococci, and lactobacilli) in control and t. muris-infected mice. the aerobic lactobacilli and the anaerobes constituted the greatest number of organisms ...	1976	1019388
[indices of bacterial contamination and natural resistance in wistar line laboratory rats].	conventional laboratory rats of wistar line are contaminated with bacterial flora. the predominating bacteria in the intestine were the rod-like forms, while in the mouth cavity and vagina predominated the coccal forms. the contamination level of the cavities and penetration of the contaminants into the internal organs depended on the state of the host natural resistance.	1976	1020946
[vocal and laryngo-tracheal sequelae of prolonged intubation at the university medical clinic of the cantonal hospital at lausanne].	70 patients (39 men and 31 women) submitted to a prolonged intubation at the centre respiratoire de la clinique médicale universitaire de lausanne have been investigated. they represent the half of the patients having survived of 488 cases treated between january 1966 and june 1974. 33% of the investigated patients (i.e. 18% of all men and 48% of all females) complain about a permanent dysphonia related to the intubation. 17% of the patients (i.e. 13% of all men and 23% of all females) presented ...	1976	1034272
[gram-negative infections in severe thermal injury].	among 78 patients with persistant bacteriemia the latter was induced by staphylococci in 59 and by gram-negative microflora in 19 patients. in 14 of 19 patients gram-negative septicemia was preceded by staphylococcic one. gram-negative septicemia would condition in patients the development of pyemic foci not only in the wound area but also in some portions of the body and in internal organs as well. among 19 patients with gram-negative septicemia 12 patients died, while among 59 patients with st ...	1976	823688
[comparative studies on the effectiveness of 2 frequently-used elective culture media for enterococci].		1976	823722
combinations of antimicrobial agents. iii. the in vitro sensitivity of 12 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa and 12 strains of proteus species ot sulphamethoxazole + trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole), polymyxins and combinations of co-trimoxazole and polymyxins.	the sensitivity of 12 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa and of 12 strains of proteus species to co-trimoxazole, polymyxins and combinations of co-trimoxazole and polymyxins was determined by disc and tray methods. it was found that all strains were sensitive to the combinations of co-trimoxazole and polymyxins. the disc study of the strains of ps. aeruginosa revealed a typical image with many strains. the tray study gave a typical image with two strains of proteus species. the two images are bri ...	1976	823875
[the effect of microorganisms on protein catabolism in putrefaction studies].		1976	823935
microbiological studies on some bladder irrigation fluids.	a 1.5% glycine solution has recently been introduced as a bladder irrigation fluid. in this study, glycine solution was compared with two other recognised bladder irrigants (chlorhexidine and noxythiolin) for its inhibitory activity against common urinary tract pathogens. glycine solution supported the growth of nearly 50% of the bacterial strains tested whereas chlorhexidine and noxythiolin were completely inhibitory. in quantitative studies with selected strains it was found that growth could ...	1976	824207
outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. xii. molecular-sieving function of cell wall.	the permeability function the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria such as salmoenlla was investigated by producing cells with an expanded periplasmic volume, and incubating them with radioactive non-utilizable oligo- and polysaccharides or polyethylene glycols. to quantitative the extent of penetration of these hydrophilic compounds into the periplasm, the radioactivity of the cell pellet was determined after centrifugation. we found that only di- and trisaccharides could fully diffuse into the ...	1976	824274
sensitivity of providence to antiseptics and disinfectants.	seventy isolates of providence were obtained from urinary tract infections in patients from five hospitals. they were all identified as providence b (providencia stuartii). a typing system was devised for these organisms based on their production of and sensitivity to bacteriophage and bacteriocins. using this system, 27 distinct strains were recognized, and it was clear that many patients had been infected with the same strain. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of six antiseptics and disinf ...	1976	824328
[induced filament formation in various types of salmonella and other bacteria by means of sodium chloride].	induced filament formation in various salmonellae (s. typhimurium, s. newport and s. cholerae suis) and other bacteria proteus, e. coli, ps. aeruginosa and sh. flexneri was seen. sodium chloride was used as inducing agent in filament formation. the filaments were reversible morphologic variants and transformed to normal bacteria when the effects of inducing agent were removed from the growth media.	1976	824532
[in-vitro synergism between beta-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycoside antibiotics in pseudomonas, proteus and klebsiella (proceedings)].		1976	824893
susceptibility of clinically important gram-negative bacilli to 15 antibiotics. comparison of patterns in poland and federal republic of germany.	three hundred and sixty strains of gram-negative bacilli (escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, enterobacter cloacae, providencia, indole-positive and indole-negative proteus, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens), were isolated by random in poland and germany, and tested by agar dilution method for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents, including six cephalosporin derivatives, colistin, gentamycin and tobramycin, three newer tetracyclines, ampicillin and ...	1976	824896
[on the bactericidal action of dibromoisocyanuric acid; experiments concerning the disinfection of hands (author's transl)].	the action of dibromoisocyanuric acid (dbi), c12, br2, trichloroisocyanuric acid (tci) and chloramine t against staph. aureus sg 511 was compared. using the suspension test dbi and br2 showed the strongest, chloramine t however, the weakest bactericidal power (tab 2). under the conditions of the "hygienic disinfection of hands" a 0.005 m solution of dbi met the requirements specified in the "richtlinien für die prüfung chemischer desinfektionsmittel" (3. ed., stuttgart: gustav fischer verlag, 1 ...	1976	824898
in vitro comparison of netilmicin, a semisynthetic derivative of sisomicin, and four other aminoglycoside antibiotics.	one hundred isolates of pseudomonas and enterobacteriaceae, of which 85 were chosen because of their resistance to gentamicin or amikacin, were tested for susceptibility to netilmicin (sch 20569), a new semisynthetic derivative of sisomicin, and to four other aminoglycosides. tests were performed in mueller-hinton agar and, with 43 of these isolates, also in mueller-hinton broth. most isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, and serratia that were gentamicin resistant ...	1976	825021
protection against gram-negative infection by 'super-active' antigen.	'super-active' antigens modified antigens released from bacteria which had been phagocytosed and killed by human leucocytes, were found to induce protective responses in mice within 24 h of immunization. at the earliest time (24 h) when immunized mice were protected against lethal intrapertoneal (i.p.) challenge by the bacteria from which which the 'super-active' antigens were made (proteus mirabilis) the leucocytes of peripheral blood from immunized mice showed enhanced phagocytosis and killing ...	1976	825449
experimental pyelonephritis in the monkey. iv. vesicoureteral reflux and bacteria.	a model was designed to study the relation between urinary infection and vesicoureteral, low-grade, total reflux. surgical alteration of the ureterovesical junction produced grade 2 vesicoureteral reflux in seven of 13 animals. in the other six animals, surgery had rendered the vesicoureteral junction marginally competent and chronic bladder infection caused grade 2 reflux. it was found that grade 2 vesicoureteral reflux in the adult monkey neither prolongs urinary tract infection nor causes con ...	1976	825481
the aerobic bacterial flora of the anal sac of the red fox.		1976	825502
in vitro susceptibility of recently isolated gram-negative bacteria to gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin.	the emergence of bacteria with r-factor-mediated resistance transferable to many strains of pseudomononas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, and some proteus and providencia species has been reported in hospitals in the rhine-main region of germany. in a comparative study, 1,250 strains belonging to 12 clinically important bacterial species were tested for susceptibility to gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin by the tube dilution methods. gentam ...	1976	825585
a rapid, simple method for demonstrating synergy of amikacin and penicillin against various microorganisms.	a simple disk diffusion technique with use of triple-layer agar and enzymatic inactivation of penicillin demonstrated synergy between penicillins and aminoglycosides. the method was applied to measurement of the synergistic activity of amikacin and penicillin g against a strain of streptococcus faecalis sensitive to both drugs, amikacin and ampicillin against a strain of s. faecalis sensitive to amplicillin but resistant to amikacin, and amikacin and carbenicillin against a strain of proteus mir ...	1976	825586
susceptibility of current clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and enteric gram-negative bacilli to amikacin and other aminoglycoside antibiotics.	the susceptibility of current clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacteriaceae to amikacin and other aminoglycosides was tested by a standardized disk sensitivity method. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined for all 200 isolates tested, and mean mics were calculated for each of 10 bacterial species. amikacin proved to be the most effective of six aminoglycosides against nine bacterial species; isolates of proteus morganii were slightly more sensitive to gent ...	1976	825591
[bacteriological results from conjunctival swabs and anterior chamber aspiration of corneal donors (author's transl)].	bacteriological investigation of possible cornea donors' conjunctiva and aqueous humor were performed. the results show the importance of antibiotic prophylaxis before keratoplasty.	1976	825678
[lipid a antibody titers and o antibody titers in crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and acute enteritis (author's transl)].	in 18 patients with crohn's disease, 28 patients with ulcerative colitis, 24 patients with acute enteritis and in 68 healthy adults lipid a antibody titers were determined by the passive hemolysis test. in addition o antibody titers to polyvalent escherichia coli, klebsiella, proteus and pseudomonas aeruginosa antigens were measured by indirect hemagglutination. the patients with crohn's disease showed a statistically significant elevation of the lipid a antibody titers compared with each of th ...	1976	825710
[in vitro activity of cefoxitin, a new cephalosporin (author's transl)].	the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of cefoxitin (cex), cefazolin (cez) and cephalothin (cef) against e. coli (n = 380), klebsiella pneumoniae (n =108) and staph. aureus (n = 47) were determined by the agar diffusion method. for proteus mirabilis (n = 69) and indole-positive proteus species (n = 23), the tube dilution test was used. cef was the most active against staph. aureus while cez showed greater activity against e. coli. cex was the most active against kl. pneumoniae and proteus s ...	1976	825763
the microbiologic approach in endodontics.	the results of an investigation of the microbiologic flora of gangrenous teeth are presented. the rationale of the concept of the microbiologic approach is discussed. a possible explanation for the small differences in the success of endodontically treated teeth obturated after positive and negative bacteriologic cultures is suggested.	1976	825803
[inhibition of proteus sp. by nalidixic acid].	the investigation comprised 192-positive and gram-negative strains of bacteria, including 111 proteus sp. the degree of resistance of these strains to nalidixic-acid was investigated on blood agar with 25 mug, 40 mug, and 50 mug nalidixin-acid per ml medium. none of the proteus strains were able to grow on medium with 50 mug nalidixic-acid per ml, whereas streptococcus sp., corynebacterium pyogenes, peptococcus indolicus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and beta-toxic staphylococci all were found resist ...	1976	825831
[crystalline l-asparaginase from proteus vulgaris].		1976	825853
[sensitivity of bacteria causing urinary tract infections towards terizidon (author's transl)].	in agar diffusion tests 2603 bacterial strains of species known to cause urinary tract infections were tested routinely in regard to their sensitivity towards terizidon, a derivative of cycloserine. in order to relate the results which were obtained in terms of the diameter of the inhibiton zone, to the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic), 304 of these strains were tested additionally in agar dilution tests. the mics of the other strains were estimated from the results of these tests. since ...	1976	826024
multiple drug resistance in klebsiella-enterobacter, proteus mirabilis and pseudomonas aeruginosa--an analysis of all-nation computer-processed data.	this last communication on the results of an one-year computer follow-up of single, double, and multiple antibiotic resistance of so-called problem bacteria in slovakia presents computerised data on double, and important triple, quadruple and quintuple resistance of klebsiella-enterobacter, p. mirabilis and ps. aeruginosa strains. bi- and multi-resistant strains absolutely prevail in klebsiella (more than 60% of many thousands of strains tested), p. mirabilis (90%) and ps. aeruginosa (95%). spec ...	1976	826047
[study on the antibacterial activity of penicillins and cephalosporines in urine (author's transl)].	minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) for penicillin (pen), ampicillin (amp), cephalothin (cef), cefazolin (cez), carbenicillin (car) and ticarcillin (tic) were determined against strep. faecalis, e. coli, k. pneumoniae, prot. mirabilis and ps. aeruginosa in sensitivity test broth (stb) and human urine. marked differences were seen in mic between these two media, especially against p. mirabilis strains tested. against e. coli the mic of amp, cef and cez were similar or slightly lower in urine ...	1976	826261
[maceration of the interdigital spaces and gram-negative infection of feet].	the microbiological flora of the macerated skin of the interdigital spaces of the feet of 64 patients were compared to those of 64 other control patients who had normal toe webs. in the control group coagulase-negative staphylococci and aerobic corynebacteria ("diphtheroids") were the most common bacteria found compared to a great number of different organisms including a high percentage of potentially pathogenic bacteria and fungi that were isolated from the macerated toe webs. the clinical app ...	1976	826508
[further investigations into the effectiveness of gentamicin and other antibiotics against urinary tract infection organisms (author's transl)].	in continuance of our investigations from 1968 to 1972, we isolated 32939 microorganisms from urinary tract infections and subjected them to routine sensitivity tests against six antibiotics from 1973 to august 1975. all organisms except enterococci and proteus proved to be sensitive to gentamicin at a level exceeding 90% during the study period of two and a half years. a loss of activity of gentamicin worth mentioning was not detected during the studies. so this antibiotic must further be consi ...	1976	826773
[perinephric abscess].		1976	826897