Publications

haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis: a contagious disease of children.	the families of 126 consecutive patients with haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis were surveyed for secondary invasive h influenzae disease among household contacts. a total of 120 of the families were contacted. in six cases no contact was possible and the medical record was reviewed. some 555 household contacts were found; 31% (171) were under 5 years of age. a secondary case was defined as a household contact with h influenzae type b isolated from blood or cerebrospinal fluid more than 2 ...	1980	6966956
chemoprophylaxis for contacts of haemophilus influenzae meningitis.		1980	6966957
acute epiglottitis in adults: experience with fifteen cases.	fifteen adults with acute epiglottitis are discussed. three required tracheostomy because of delayed diagnosis. there were no deaths. epiglottitis occurs more often in adults than is generally recognized. the early symptoms of epiglottitis in adults are sore throat and dysphagia. any patient with acute, painful dysphagia should have indirect laryngoscopy to rule out epiglottitis. throat and blood cultures were obtained from 14 of our cases. cultures from only two patients were positive for hemop ...	1980	6967138
bacteremias due to haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae: their occurrence and course in children with cancer.	nine haemophilus influenzae and 24 streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremias occurring in children with cancer during the years 1968 to 1977 were reviewed. the number of bacteremias due to these organisms remained relatively constant, in contrast with a sharp decrease in bacteremias caused by other organisms during this period. the highest incidence of bacteremia occurred in patients with acute leukemias and the lowest incidence in patients with solid tumors. twenty-seven of 33 episodes occurred whil ...	1980	6967256
haemophilus influenzae ophthalmia neonatorum.	haemophilus influenzae is an occasional cause of ophthalmia neonatorum. recently, this organism has exhibited a change in its epidemiology and has been identified as a cause of severe neonatal infections. ophthalmologists should be aware of the changing susceptibility of neonates to severe infections with h influenzae and the possibility that h influenzae ophthalmia neonatorum can be associated with these infections.	1980	6967307
indirect pathogenicity.		1980	6967479
inducible repair system in haemophilus influenzae unaccompanied by mutation.	weigle reactivation of ultraviolet-irradiated hplc1 phage was observed after ultraviolet or mitomycin c treatment of haemophilus influenzae cells. the amount of reactivation was considerably increased when the treated cells were incubated in growth medium before infection. the presence of chloramphenicol during this incubation abolished the reactivation. no mutation of this phage accompanied the reactivation. when cells were treated so as to produce a maximal reactivation of phage, neither react ...	1980	6967485
preparation, characterization, and immunogenicity of haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-protein conjugates.	a method is presented for covalently bonding haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide (hib ps) to several proteins. the method is efficient and relies upon the use of adipic dihydrazide as a spacer between the capsular polysaccharide and the carrier protein. in contrast to the poor immunogenicity of the purified hib ps in mice and rabbits, the hib ps-protein conjugates induced serum anti-type b antibodies having bactericidal activity at levels shown to be protective in humans when l ...	1980	6967514
comparative study of biological activities and mitogenic effect of extracts from haemophilus influenzae type a.	two preparations designated as pwe and nce were obtained from h, influenzae type a by treatment with either phenol water or hypertonic nacl citrate respectively. the protein content of nce was three fold higher than for pwe. electroimmunodiffusion against h. influenzae antiserum disclosed an immunological relationship between nce and pwe. the toxicity for mice was lower for both antigenic extracts (ld50 pwe: 47 +/- 7 mg/kg; ld50 nce: 943 +/- 5 mg/kg) than for e. coli lps. limulus assay showed th ...	1980	6967559
studies on lymphoid cells of adenoid tissue in relation to clinical findings.	adenoid tissue was obtained at operation in 27 children admitted for adenoidectomy and in 6 controls. the occurrence of cells with cytoplasmic immunoglobulin was studied by immunofluorescence of tissue sections, and localization, number of cells and class of immunoglobulin were determined. no differences were found between patients and controls. mononuclear leucocytes isolated from adenoid tissue and from blood were compared. in the patients, the proportions of b lymphocytes were higher in the t ...	1980	6967576
comparison of rifampin and ampicillin in day care center contacts of haemophilus influenzae type b disease.	a prospective, randomized, crossover trial was conducted comparing therapy with rifampin to therapy with ampicillin in eradicating haemophilus influenzae type b carriage. twenty-eight carriers were identified in a day care center following exposure to a patient with h influenzae type b meningitis; 26 children were randomly assigned to treatment with either ampicillin (100 mg/kg for five days) or rifampin (20 mg/kg for four days). cultures were repeated two and four days after discontinuing thera ...	1980	6967580
household spread of infection due to haemophilus influenzae type b.		1980	6967581
a comparison of three antibiotic regimens for eradication of haemophilus influenzae type b from the pharynx of infants and children.		1980	6967582
meningitis due to haemophilus influenzae type b resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol.	a strain of haemophilus influenzae type b with considerable resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol was recovered from a south dakota child with meningitis. there was an initial lack of response to conventional doses but the child improved after a brief period of 200 mg/kg/day of chloramphenicol. the organism showed in vitro resistance to ampicillin, carbenicillin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol (for each antibiotic the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) was 8 micrograms/ml or gr ...	1980	6967583
erythromycin for pneumonia--a troublesome recommendation.		1980	6967585
pharmacokinetics of rifampin in infants and children: relevance to prophylaxis against haemophilus influenzae type b disease.	pharmacokinetic studies of rifampin were performed in 38 infants and children after administration of three different oral formulations. mean peak serum concentrations of from 9 to 11.5 microgram/ml were observed one hour after a 10-mg/kg dose and the average half-life was 2.9 hours. patients who received rifampin suspension in applesauce had smaller serum concentrations and area-under-the-curve values than did those who were given suspension alone. the mixture of rifampin powder and applesauce ...	1980	6967586
efficacy of rifampin in eliminating pharyngeal carriage of haemophilus influenzae type b.	household contacts less than 6 years of age of children with haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis are at increased risk of developing systemic h influenzae type b disease. positive oropharyngeal cultures for h influenzae type b were found in 17/97 patients (18%) and 7/62 staff members (11%) at a chronic area facility at which two patients had developed ampicillin-resistant h influenzae type b meningitis. h influenzae type b colonization was eliminated in 8/9 carriers treated with a single da ...	1980	6967587
haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis: occurrence in three siblings over a two-year period.	haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis occurred in all three siblings in one family over a 24-month period. investigations of the organisms involved and immunologic studies of the family revealed low percentages of e-rosette-forming cells (t-cells) in both surviving children and in the father. this report suggests that host susceptibility to h influenzae is genetically controlled and that t-cell functions, as yet undetermined, may be involved.	1980	6967589
haemophilus influenzae lobar pneumonia with underlying multiple myeloma: a case report.	haemophilus influenzae is an uncommon but important cause of lobar pneumonia, specifically in patients whose host defence mechanisms are impaired by unrecognized underlying diseases. a case of h. influenzae lobar pneumonia in a patient with underlying multiple myeloma is presented. the clinical features, treatment and procedures which aid in making the diagnosis are briefly discussed.	1980	6967627
ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae in johannesburg.	surveys carried out using a chromogenic cephalosporin test for beta-lactamase production (ampicillin resistance) among isolates of haemophilus influenzae in johannesburg have indicated an appreciable prevalence, especially among children seen at the new johannesburg hospital. of type b strains recovered from these children, 10,9% were ampicillin-resistant. three of the last 10 cases of serious systemic h. influenzae infections encountered at the johannesburg hospital were caused by beta-lactamas ...	1980	6967628
hemophilus influenzae in hospitalized adults: current perspectives.	in an eight year period 16 cases of serious extrapulmonary hemophilus influenzae infection in adults were identified, including cases of meningitis, pericarditis, epiglottitis, empyema, cellulitis, osteomyelitis, endometritis, urinary tract infection, orbital cellulitis, primary peritonitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis and aortic graft infection. an 18 month prospective study of h. influenzae infection in hospitalized adults identified 10 cases of bronchitis, 25 of pneumonia and 65 of respiratory t ...	1980	6967696
antimicrobial drug susceptibility of respiratory isolates of hemophilus influenzae from adults.	hemophilus influenzae isolates from sputum of 111 patients with chronic bronchitis were tested for susceptibility to 8 antimicrobial drugs. a new beta-lactam, ly-127935, was the most active agent tested. ampicillin, cefamandole, tetracycline, and cefuroxime showed good activity against most isolates. two strains, both nontypable, were resistant to ampicillin and produced beta-lactamase. cefaclor was somewhat less effective, although most strains were susceptible. erythromycin and cephalexin were ...	1980	6967709
infections in patients with multiple myeloma.		1980	6967718
determination of a new phagocytic index: influence of the bacteria strain and leukocyte species.	a scale of response, called phagocytic index (pi), is established to study the phagocytic function by measure of the nitrobluetetrazoluim (nbt) reduction. 0 % and 100 % opsonic activity must be evaluated before the determination of pi which is calculated as follows: (formula: see text) od 0% vary with leukocyte species and the nbt batches, od 100 % is depended on bacteria strains and nature of cells. therefore pi must be performed in a system strictly characterized for bacteria, cells, and batch ...	1980	6967740
emergence and prevalence of beta-lactamase producing haemophilus influenzae in finland and susceptibility of 102 respiratory isolates to eight antibiotics.		1980	6967871
[recent topics of respiratory infection. 1. on the aspect of bacteriology (author's transl)].		1980	6967926
[microbiological evaluation of acute otitis media (author's transl)].		1980	6967962
bactericidal antibody and susceptibility to otitis media caused by nontypable strains of haemophilus influenzae.	we have developed a bactericidal antibody assay to determine the role of circulating antibody to nontypable strains of haemophilus influenzae in children with otitis media. antibody infecting strain was present in the acute sera of 2/20 children with otitis media caused by h. influenzae nt; 15/18 of these patients had covalescent specimens with titers greater than or equal to 1:2 (x2 = 13.0, p < 0.001). the acute sera of 95 children with otitis media caused by various organisms were screened for ...	1980	6967963
meningitis due to haemophilus influenzae type b resistant to ampicillin and chloramphenicol.		1980	6967964
treatment of haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in children with cerebrospinal fluid shunts.		1980	6967965
[coagglutination in bacterial meningitis. diagnostic and epidemiological value].		1980	6968014
[comparative studies of nasal and pharyngeal bacterial flora in children from the day care center and nursery belonging to the dana textile factory in szczecin].		1980	6968065
antibiotic sensitivity of haemophilus influenzae strains including three recent chloramphenicol-resistant isolates.	the antibiotic sensitivity of 100 recent isolates of haemophilus influenzae was determined. three strains were resistant to chloramphenicol with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 16 microgram/ml. of these three resistant strains, one produced betalactamase and one was resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. the remaining strains were inhibited by 0.25-2.0 microgram/ml of chloramphenicol. ampicillin and benzylpenicillin were found to inhibit all but the betalactamase-producing strains at l ...	1980	6968146
new selective medium for the isolation of haemophilus species.	chocolate agar containing lincomycin (5 micrograms/ml) was used for the isolation of haemophilus strains. one-hundred haemophilus strains of 3 species grew well on selective plates, whereas gram-positive bacterial failed to form colonies on them. the selective culture proved especially advantageous when throat swabs were examined.	1980	6968151
hemophilus influenzae pneumonia in adults: report of five cases caused by ampicillin-resistant strains.	recently there has been increased recognition of hemophilus influenzae as a cause of pneumonia in adults. although ampicillin-resistant strains of hemophilus influenzae have been a major problem in pediatric practice, such strains have not previously been noted to be a significant problem in the treatment of adult pneumonia. we report 5 cases of pneumonia caused by beta-lactamase-producing strains of hemophilus influenzae. these organisms were susceptible to chloramphenicol but resistant to ampi ...	1980	6968168
synergistic action of nafcillin and ampicillin against ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae type b bacteremia and meningitis in infant rats.	infant rats with bacteremia and meningitis induced by ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae type b were treated with ampicillin and nafcillin, alone or in combination. neither ampicillin alone (in 19 animals) nor nafcillin alone (in 20 animals) sterilized the blood or cerebrospinal fluid of any treated infant rat. when the combination of ampicillin and nafcillin was used, blood cultures were negative in 18 of 19 infant rats, and cerebrospinal fluid cultures were sterile in 15 of 19 when cu ...	1980	6968176
deoxyribonucleic acid-binding properties and membrane protein composition of a competence-deficient mutant of haemophilus influenzae.	a mutant of haemophilus influenzae was isolated which was completely unable to take up double-stranded homologous deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) at normal physiological conditions but which took up dna equally as well as the wild type at low ph (ph 4.4). the properties of the mutant provide evidence for the existence of two different mechanisms for dna entry in the h. influenzae transformation system. with the aid of the mutant the optimal conditions for entry of dna by these two mechanisms were de ...	1980	6968309
molecular characterization of "plasmid-free" antibiotic-resistant haemophilus influenzae.	we examined 14 multiresistant and 8 ampicillin- or tetracycline-resistant haemophilus influenzae isolates and 4 ampicillin-resistant h. parainfluenzae isolates for plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid. sixteen strains carried plasmids. both "plasmid-free" and plasmid-carrying isolates transferred the antibiotic resistance by conjugation. all transconjugants carried plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid, suggesting that the apparent plasmid-free strains contained r plasmids encoding for antibiotic resistance.	1980	6968310
genetic control of prophage induction in haemophilus influenzae after exposure to psoralen plus near-uv light.	prophage s2 could be induced by psoralen plus near-uv light (pnuv) from a wild-type strain of haemophilus influenzae, from uv light-sensitive strains uvr-1 and uvr-2 and pnuv-sensitive strains pso1 amd pso7, but not from a recombination-deficient strain, rec-1. the levels of prophage induction were comparable in the wild type and an atp-dependent dnase-deficient strain, kw31, even though the pnuv-induced degradation in the latter strain was considerably lower. prophage induction could be observe ...	1980	6968358
haemophilus influenzae type c meningitis with sepsis.		1980	6968360
alcohol and serum bactericidal activity against hemophilus influenzae.	no change was found in serum bactericidal activity against hemophilus influenzae, type b, or in the third and fourth component of complement in adult humans after 75 or 200 ml of whisky.	1980	6968382
[value of quantitative bacteriological examination of sputum in the evaluation of the effectiveness of chemotherapy of bacterial respiratory tract infections. ii. clinical studies].		1980	6968434
[purulent meningitis and acute pneumopathy caused by haemophilus influenzae. a preliminary report].		1980	6968443
disparate cultures of middle ear fluids. results from children with bilateral otitis media.	cultures of middle ear fluids (mefs) are needed to determine both efficacy of antibiotics and vaccines, and microbiologic outcome of otitis media (om). we reviewed data on 221 children, aged 2 months to 12 years; 122 had acute otitis media (aom), 99 had asymptomatic mef. we included only streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and staphylococcus aureus as pathogens. of children with aom, mef was sterile or contained nonpathogens in both ears in 51, and one or m ...	1980	6968508
pediatric non-facial cellulitis.		1980	6968524
[acute epiglottitis in adults. three cases and review of the literature (author's transl)].	acute epiglottitis is much less frequent in adults than in children. three personal cases are reported and clinical findings associated with epiglottitis in adults are reviewed; sudden onset of acute respiratory failure is outlined. mechanical desobstruction of airway may be required promptly, tracheostomy being often preferred to tracheal intubation. overall prognosis has been evaluated from 130 cases reported in the literature in the last twenty years: the mortality rate, reaching 24,6 per cen ...	1980	6968526
synergistic action of ampicillin and nafcillin against ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae.	six strains of ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae type b were studied in vitro for synergy between ampicillin and nafcillin. the minimal inhibitory concentrations for these strains with 10(4) colony-forming units per ml were 6.25 to 12.5 microgram of ampicillin per ml and 6.25 to 25 microgram of nafcillin per ml. studies with these agents demonstrated synergism against all six strains of h. influenzae type b. most strains were inhibited by 0.78 microgram of nafcillin plus 0.78 microgram ...	1980	6968540
prevalence of ampicillin-resistant strains of haemophilus influenzae causing systemic infection.	surveillance of haemophilus influenzae bacteremia and meningitis in omaha during the 6-year period 1974 to 1979 revealed no upward trend in ampicillin resistance. the overall proportion was 5%, and the annual prevalence ranged from 0 to 9%.	1980	6968542
a study of infective and other factors in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.		1980	6968574
heterotropic splenic autotransplantation in the prevention of haemophilus influenza meningitis and fatal sepsis in sprague-dawley rats.	it has been suggested that autotransplantation of splenic tissue following trauma may result in splenic implanta that protect the human host from severe infection with encapsulated bacteria. to test this hypothesis, sprague-dawley rats underwent sham operation, splenectomy, or splenectomy followed by autotransplantation of splenic fragments into the peritoneal cavity. three months later, they were inoculated intranasally with h. influenzae b. the incidence and severity of bacteremia and meningit ...	1980	6968600
pharmacokinetics of intravenous erythromycin lactobionate.	in a previous study with erythromycin lactobionate it was shown that a 12-hour intravenous infusion of 2 g produced peak plasma erythromycin concentrations well above the required levels to inhibit the growth of all standard erythromycin-sensitive pathogens (including haemophilus influenzae). unfortunately two subjects vomited after receiving 2 litres of normal saline (in which the erythromycin lactobionate was infused). for this reason it was decided to administer half the previous dose of eryt ...	1980	6968696
tetracyclin-stimulated expression of ampicillin resistance in haemophilus influenzae.	tetracycline at a low concentration stimulated the expression of ampicillin resistance in certain strains of haemophilus influenzae.	1980	6968749
non-type b haemophilus influenzae infections in adults with reference to biotype.	we report three cases of serious non-group b haemophilus influenzae infections. the significance of these isolates with respect to both biotypes and serotypes is discussed.	1980	6968754
the temporal bone as route of infection in recurrent meningitis.	three successive episodes of recurrent meningitis in connection with an infection of the upper respiratory tract appeared to be related to a congenital idiopathic oval window csf leak. an inner ear dysplasia was the underlying factor and accounted for the deafness and for the absence of signs of acute labyrinthis during these infectious episodes.	1980	6968832
supraglottitis in children: evaluation and management.	supraglottitis is a life-threatening illness characterized by inflammation of the supraglottic structures including the epiglottis, arytenoids, aryepiglottic folds, and ventricular bands. this paper is a comprehensive review of the etiology, epidemiology, pathology, differential diagnosis, natural course, complications, and management of supraglottitis. a high index of suspicion is required to properly interpret the historical, physical, and radiologic findings. as soon as the diagnosis of supra ...	1980	6968978
new insights into how bacteria take up dna during transformation.	haemophilus influenzae possesses an efficient natural transformation system. under appropriate growth conditions, every cell in a culture acquires the competence to take up several molecules of dna. only donor dnas from haemophilus species are taken up; foreign dnas are excluded. specific recognition is achieved through the interaction of a receptor protein present on the recipient cell membrane with an 11 base pair sequence present at high frequency in the donor dna.	1980	6969040
haemophilus influenzae tenosynovitis.		1980	6969067
induction of prophage & absence of mutation induction by psoralen plus near uv light exposure in haemophilus influenzae.		1980	6969224
mechanism of haemophilus influenzae transfection by single and double prophage deoxyribonucleic acid.	whole phages hp1 and hp3, vegetative-phage deoxyribonucleic acid (dna), and single and tandem double prophage dna were exposed to ultraviolet radiation and then assayed on a wild-type (dna repair-proficient) haemophilus influenzae rd strain and on a repair-deficient uvr-1 strain. host cell reactivation (dna repair) was observed for whole-phage and vegetative-phage dna but not for single and double prophage dna. competent (phage-resistant) haemophilus parainfluenzae cells were normally transfecte ...	1980	6969255
mechanism of additive genetic transformation in haemophilus influenzae.	transforming deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) preparations from haemophilus influenzae rd strains carrying a chromosomally integrated, conjugative, antibiotic resistance transfer (r) plasmid were exposed to ultraviolet radiation and then assayed for antibiotic resistance transfer on sensitive wild-type rd competent suspensions and on similar suspensions of a uvr-1 mutant unable to excise pyrimidine dimers. no host cell reactivation of resistance transfer (dna repair) was observed. parallel experiment ...	1980	6969256
the replication of type a influenza viruses in the infant rat: a marker for virus attenuation.	twenty recombinant influenza virus strains bearing hsw1n1, h1n1 or h3n2 surface antigens, together with their respective wild-type or laboratory-propagated parent viruses, were inoculated into 2 day-old infant rats and their replication in the turbinates and lungs of these animals observed over a period of 5 days. in addition, the ability of each of the recombinant and parent viruses to enhance a subsequent infection of these infant rats by haemophilus influenzae type b was determined. the resul ...	1980	6969291
effects of vaccination with haemophilus influenzae on adrenoceptor function of tracheal and parenchymal strips.	haemophilus influenzae is a bacterium that can be isolated from the deeper airways of asthmatic patients. we investigated the effect of vaccination with h. influenzae on alpha and beta adrenoceptor function in guinea-pig tracheal spirals and lung parenchymal strips. the tracheal spirals from h. influenzae-vaccinated animals showed significantly less relaxation to isoproterenol as compared to controls, independent of whether the trachea was maximally contracted with carbachol or only exhibited an ...	1980	6969303
repair and action spectrum of oxygen-independent lethality of near uv light on haemophilus influenzae and lack of mutation.	haemophilus influenzae has been inactivated anaerobically at 313, 334, 365 and 405 nm, and exhibits the greatest sensitivity at 334 nm. the rec1 and uvr1 mutants show the greatest increase in sensitivity over the wild-type at 313 nm, but differences could be seen also at the other wavelengths. anaerobic irradiation is less effective for killing at all the wavelengths than irradiation under aerobic conditions, but the greatest difference was observed at 365 nm. no induced mutation was seen as a r ...	1980	6969362
acute epiglottitis in an adult.	a 33-year old man developed acute epiglottitis of sudden onset which resulted in severe respiratory distress. a small endotracheal tube was passed as an emergency procedure. respiratory arrest developed after he pulled it out 12 hr later. subsequent progress was satisfactory following endotracheal intubation and treatment with ampicillin and hydrocortisone. blood cultures grew haemophilus influenzae.	1980	6969397
treatment of otitis media with cefaclor, a new oral cephalosporin.	cefaclor, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, was evaluated for efficacy in the treatment of otitis media in 46 pediatric patients who had aspiration of the middle ear for culture. the dose of cefaclor ranged from 29 to 42 mg/kg/day administered in three divided doses. no organism was isolated in nine of the 46 patients. streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated in 43% and hemophilus influenzae in 27% of the remainder. a bacteriologic cure was achieved in 97% of cases with culturable organisms. the o ...	1980	6969442
[differentiation of haemophilus influenzae by chemical typing].		1980	6969492
bacteria associated with acute otitis media have high clq binding capacity.	a simple, rapid and sensitive radioimmunologic method for demonstrating clq binding to bacteria is described. various bacteria were shown to bind clq without the participation of antibodies. great differences in clq binding levels between different types and strains of s. pneumoniae were found. a high uptake of clq was observed for many pneumococcal strains of type vi, xix and xxiii and also for non-typable strains of h. influenzae and b. catarrhalis. other bacteria tested, including h. influenz ...	1980	6969526
characterization of the bactericidal antibody response against haemophilus influenzae.	rabbits were used in a study of the bactericidal (bc) antibody response against haemophilus influenzae of types a and b and their respective non-capsulated variant strains. previously described methods, complement fixation and indirect hemagglutination, were used for comparison. a bactericidal antibody response was demonstrable within a week after the primary immunization against capsulated as well as non-capsulated bacteria. after the hyperimmunization course the bc titres against noncapsulated ...	1980	6969527
in vitro antibacterial activity and susceptibility of the cephalosporin ro 13-9904 to beta-lactamases.	the in vitro activity of ro 13-9904 was assessed against clinical isolated of common bacteria. its activity against most enterobacteria was similar to that of cefotaxime and moxalactam, but it was even more active than these compounds against all proteus species. it was also highly active against haemophilus influenzae and neisseria gonorrhoeae, including beta-lactamase producers. like cefotaxime and moxalactam, or 13-9904 was approximately eightfold more active than carbenicillin against most i ...	1980	6969574
characterization of chloramphenicol-resistant haemophilus influenzae.	we examined nine chloramphenicol-resistant (minimal inhibitory concentration, greater than or equal to 15 micrograms/ml) haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in various parts of the world to characterize the genetic and biochemical bases of the resistance; four were type b. all nine contained conjugative plasmids, ranging in molecular weight from 34 x 10(6) to 46 x 10(6), which encoded for resistance to chloramphenicol and tetracycline or chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and ampicillin. deoxyri ...	1980	6969577
neonatal infection with haemophilus influenzae biotype iii.		1980	6969623
limitations of countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (cie) in the diagnosis of empyema.		1980	6969645
counterimmunoelectrophoresis in the diagnosis of hemophilus influenzae pleural effusion.	a child with a sterile pleural effusion resulting from an infection with hemophilus influenzae type b (hi b) is described. the diagnosis was established by use of counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie). the alarming increase in incidence of pneumonia due to hi b is noted, as is the large number of associated pleural effusions. cie provides a rapid, reliable, and sensitive means by which to establish the exact etiology of such bacterial infections so that optimal antibiotic therapy can be started pro ...	1980	6969646
hemophilus influenzae pharyngitis and cellulitis in adults.	hemophilus influenzae infections in adults are becoming more common but are often unsuspected in this age group by the primary care physician. two case reports illustrate pharyngitis, and pharyngitis associated with cellulitis of the neck, in which h influenzae was cultured from the blood. the throat and skin are only two of the many sites for h influenzae infections in adults. as no physical signs are pathognomonic for this organism, its possible role should influence the choice of antibiotics ...	1980	6969783
haemophilus influenzae biochemotyping.	biochemotyping was performed in 129 strains of haemophilus influenzae. 95% of strains could be assigned to one of the five biochemotypes proposed by kilian. most of the serotype b strains isolated in meningitis belonged to biochemotype i. the biochemical differentiation of haemophilus influenzae is regarded as a reliable technique deserving further application.	1980	6780620
a protein antigen characteristic of branhamella catarrhalis. serological identification of the genus.	precipitation patterns of sonicated, acid-extracted and other extracts from branhamella catarrhalis were examined by double diffusion-in-gel technique, using antiserum to b. catarrhalis. acid extract gave rise to 4 distinct precipitates. one of these lines was further studied. the bacterial component responsible for this line was trypsin-sensitive, indicating that it was a protein. it was anodally localized by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. by absorption of antiserum with whole bacteria, the pre ...	1980	6781219
susceptibility of 4410 clinical isolates to doxycycline.	in an 1100-bed hospital where doxycycline has been widely used, the susceptibility to doxycycline of 4410 clinical isolates was examined. ninety-one and 80.8 per cent of the staphylococcus aureus and haemophilus influenzae strains, respectively, were susceptible to 1 mg doxycycline/l. seventy-four per cent of the escherichia coli and 81.7 per cent of the klebsiella strains were inhibited by 4 mg/l. the enterobacter and enterococcus strains were less susceptible. nearly all proteus mirabilis isol ...	1980	6929101
antibacterial activities of a new stabilized thienamycin, n-formimidoyl thienamycin, in comparison with other antibiotics.	the in vitro activity of a new crystalline derivative of thienamycin, n-formimidoyl thienamycin (mk0787), was tested against 46 laboratory reference strains and 2,158 clinical isolates of gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including anaerobes, and compared with cefoxitin, cefaxolin, carbenicillin, and amikacin. mk0787 was significantly more active than the reference antibiotics against most bacteria tests. mk0787 was 16- to 500-fold more active than the other antibiotics against staphylococcu ...	1980	6931548
bacteria-immunoglobulin-lymphocyte interactions--new aspects.	of 30 bacterial species tested 18 stimulated dna synthesis in human blood lymphocytes. the maximum response was after 3-4 days of culture suggesting a mitogenic effect. this was confirmed by the induction of polyclonal antibody production shown by a plaque assay. most bacterial species increased the dna synthesis in b-enriched lymphocytes and unseparated lymphocytes but had negligible activity on t-enriched lymphocytes. among bacteria with a mitogenic effect and ability to induce polyclonal anti ...	1980	6937974
a possible mechanism for an interaction between postreplication recombination repair and base misincorporation in mutation induction by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine in haemophilus influenzae.	evidence in previous publications has suggested that treatment with monofunctional alkylating agents such as n-methyl-n'-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (mnng) results in gaps being left in the dna synthesized shortly after the treatment. this paper presents further evidence that suggests, though it does not conclusively prove, that there are indeed gaps. it shows that these events increase linearly with mnng concentration, that they are formed mainly in dna synthesized during the first hour after treatm ...	1980	6969847
further studies on the induction of mutation in haemophilus influenzae by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine: lack of an inducible error-free repair system and the effect of exposure medium.	haemophilus influenzae is shown to lack the inducible, error-free repair system for alkylation damage that others have found in escherichia coli. prior growth in a low concentration of n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine had only an additive effect on a subsequent brief exposure to a high concentration. furthermore, chloramphenicol did not significantly modify the mutagenic response. in both respects, h. influenzae differs from e. coli. experiments carried out in preparation for these tests sho ...	1980	6969848
nature of radiation and chemically induced lesions and role or cellular mechanism in cell survival and mutagenesis. ii.		1980	6969977
darwinian struggle against hemophilus influenzae.		1980	6969983
[resistance of haemophilus influenzae to antibiotics in the federal republic of germany (author's transl)].	in a multi-center study 523 strains of h. influenzae and h. parainfluenzae isolated from patients in eight towns of the federal republic of germany were tested for their sensitivity to 15 different chemotherapeutic agents. 1.7% of the strains were resistant to ampicillin, 1,5% to chloramphenicol and 2.5% to tetracycline. all ampicillin-resistant strains produced beta-lactamase. for the first time, multiple resistant strains were isolated: two against ampicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline; ...	1980	6970118
breast milk antibody to the capsular polysaccharide of haemophilus influenzae type b.	breast milk has a high concentration of secretory immunoglobulin and potentially could serve as a source of passive antibody protection of infants against systemic invasion by haemophilus influenzae type b. specific antibody to the capsular polysaccharide of this organism was detected in the colostrum and all subsequent milk samples in 11 of 12 women with a radioactive antigen binding assay. the geometric mean concentrations of antibody were 1.99 microgram/ml in colostrum and 0.18 microgram/ml i ...	1980	6970233
intralitter transmission of haemophilus influenzae type b in infant rats and rifampin eradication of nasopharyngeal colonization.	the dynamics of nasopharyngeal colonization, bacteremia, and transmission of infection due to haemophilus influenzae type b in infant rats were studied. intranasal inoculation resulted in nasal colonization in 99% and bacteremia in 88% of infant rats. h. influenzae type b was transmitted to 93% of exposed, uninoculated littermates. pretreatment with burro antibody to h. influenzae type b prevented bacteremia but not nasal colonization. rifampin, in a dose of 20 mg/kg twice daily for two days, wa ...	1980	6970234
counter current immunoelectrophoresis in the rapid diagnosis of pneumococcal meningitis.		1980	6970723
biotypes of capsulated and non-capsulated haemophilus influenzae. correlation between biotypes and beta-lactamase production.	396 haemophilus influenzae strains were biotyped according to kilian. 393 of the strains were assigned to biotypes i to v, while 3 strains remained unclassified. eighty-nine per cent of the capsulated strains produced both urease and ornithine decarboxylase, biotypes i or iv, while 95 per cent of the non-capsulated strains produced only one of the enzymes, biotypes ii, iii, or v. of consecutive strains from the upper respiratory tract, the incidence of beta-lactamase-positive strains was higher ...	1980	6970497
ampicillin-resistant h influenzae cellulitis and shock in an adult.	over a three-day period, pharyngitis, neck swelling, deep voice, dysphagia, fever, and cellulitis of the anterior neck and upper chest developed in a 63-year-old woman. sixteen hours following the institution of intravenous ampicillin, septic shock developed and the patient became comatose. ampicillin-resistant hemophilus influenzae type b was found in a culture taken from her blood and pharynx. in patients who have an upper respiratory tract infection and severe cellulitis of the neck, initial ...	1980	6970915
haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-protein conjugates: model for a new generation of capsular polysaccharide vaccines.		1980	6970933
ampicillin-resistant h. flu.		1980	6971018
formalin-treated bacteria as selective b cell mitogens in the study of lymphocytes from patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia.	staphylococcus aureus strain cowan i, haemophilus influenzae, and branhamella catarrhalis that stimulate human b lymphocytes, but not t lymphocytes, were used to study the b lymphocyte function in patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia. lymphocytes from two patients with no circulating b cells were not stimulated to increased dna synthesis by these bacterial mitogens. the lymphocytes of six patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia and normal numbers of circulating b cells responded to the bacterial mi ...	1980	6971196
ige antibodies to bacteria in patients with bronchial asthma.	bacterial respiratory infections, especially with haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae, are frequently associated with an increase of airways obstruction in patients with bronchial asthma. the possible involvement of immediate hypersensitivity in this phenomenon was studied. ige antibodies to haemophilus influenzae (hi) and streptococcus pneumoniae (spn) were investigated in the serum of 190 adult patients with bronchial asthma. the ige antibodies were measured using a solid phase ...	1980	6971585
outer membrane protein composition in disease isolates of haemophilus influenzae: pathogenic and epidemiological implications.	the outer membrane protein composition of 50 disease isolates of haemophilus influenzae has been determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. all strains, including 28 strains of serotype b, one strain each of serotypes a, c, d, e, and f, and 17 untypable strains, had an outer membrane protein composition typical of gram-negative bacteria, i.e., these membranes contained two to three dozen proteins with four to six proteins accounting for most of their protein content ...	1980	6971807
acute epiglottitis.		1980	6972371
[determination of etiology of the infectious process in nonspecific lung disease].		1980	6972629
bromouracil-induced mutagenesis in a mismatch-repair-deficient strain of haemophilus influenzae.	cells of wild-type haemophilus influenzae and of a mismatch-repair-deficient mutant (hex-) were grown in a chemically defined medium containing either thymidine or 5-bromodeoxyuridine (budr). spontaneous mutation frequencies to resistance against 3 antibiotics observed for the thymidine cultures were 10-30 times higher for the hex- mutant. the mutation frequencies observed for the budr hex- culture were increased by another 10 times while those for the wild-type suspension did not differ from th ...	1980	6973085
immune modulating effects of poly iclc.		1980	6972185
comparison of sensititre dried microtitration trays with a standard agar method for determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents.	a total of 222 clinical isolates were used to test the accuracy of sensititre dried microtitration trays for determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of antimicrobial agents. in comparison with an agar dilution technique, 89.5% of all the pairs of results were within one doubling dilution. the 2,420 pairs of mic results with finite values gave a corresponding figure of 86.8%. exclusion of sulfisoxazole results, which demonstrated a significant interlaboratory variation in accuracy, r ...	1980	6972192
ro 13-9904, a long-acting broad-spectrum cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo studies.	ro 13-9904, a new parenteral cephalosporin, was found to have high in vitro activity against enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative bacteria, including various isolates resistant to cefuroxime, cefamandole, cefoxitin, and cefazolin. it showed promising activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa. although inhibitory against staphylococcus aureus at concentrations readily achievable in plasma, it was less potent against this pathogen than cefamandole, cefazolin, or cefuroxime. isolates of strepto ...	1980	6972194