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human papillomavirus transmission and cost-effectiveness of introducing quadrivalent hpv vaccination in denmark.the objective of this study was to simulate human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in a heterosexual population and subsequently analyze the incremental costs and effects of introducing a vaccination program against hpv types 6, 11, 16, and 18 in denmark compared with screening alone.201020392322
association of viral load with hpv16 positive cervical cancer pathogenesis: causal relevance in isolates harboring intact viral e2 gene.we tested the hypothesis that cervical cancers (cacx) harbor high hpv16 viral load compared to controls and this is influenced by e2 status and age of subjects. viral load (natural log transformed values) per 100ng genomic dna was estimated (152 cases and 87 controls) by taqman assay. median viral load was significantly higher (mann-whitney u test) among cases (17.21) compared to controls (9.86), irrespective of e2 status or upon considering e2 status as a covariate in logistic regression model ...201020394955
rescue of p53 function by small-molecule rita in cervical carcinoma by blocking e6-mediated degradation.proteasomal degradation of p53 by human papilloma virus (hpv) e6 oncoprotein plays a pivotal role in the survival of cervical carcinoma cells. abrogation of hpv-e6-dependent p53 destruction can therefore be a good strategy to combat cervical carcinomas. here, we show that a small-molecule reactivation of p53 and induction of tumor cell apoptosis (rita) is able to induce the accumulation of p53 and rescue its tumor suppressor function in cells containing high-risk hpv16 and hpv18 by inhibiting hp ...201020395210
tobacco and alcohol use increases the risk of both hpv-associated and hpv-independent head and neck cancers.tobacco, alcohol, and human papillomavirus (hpv) are major risk factors for head and neck cancer (hnc), but it is unclear whether there are two distinct hnc risk groups, one associated with hpv and the other with tobacco/alcohol. because hpv-positive hnc are clinically distinct from hpv-negative cases in treatment response and with more favorable prognoses, determining whether these differences result from infection alone or in association with other hnc risk factors is important for developing ...201020401530
hpv dna is associated with a subset of schneiderian papillomas but does not correlate with p16(ink4a) immunoreactivity.this study investigated the role of human papillomavirus (hpv) in schneiderian papillomas (sps) to determine whether hpv is associated with the pathogenesis of particular histologic subtypes and whether p16(ink4a) can be used as a surrogate marker for hpv detection. twenty-seven papilloma specimens (19 inverted [ips], 6 exophytic [eps], 1 oncocytic [op] and 1 mixed) were collected from 23 patients. purified sp dna extracts were tested for hpv by pcr using gp5 +/gp6 + primers; hpv genotyping was ...201020405251
regulation of mcp-1 chemokine transcription by p53.our previous studies showed that the expression of the monocyte-chemoattractant protein (mcp)-1, a chemokine, which triggers the infiltration and activation of cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage, is abrogated in human papillomavirus (hpv)-positive premalignant and malignant cells. in silico analysis of the mcp-1 upstream region proposed a putative p53 binding side about 2.5 kb upstream of the transcriptional start. the aim of this study is to monitor a physiological role of p53 in this pro ...201020406462
4-1bb ligand as an effective multifunctional immunomodulator and antigen delivery vehicle for the development of therapeutic cancer vaccines.therapeutic subunit vaccines based on tumor-associated antigens (taa) represent an attractive approach for the treatment of cancer. however, poor immunogenicity of taas requires potent adjuvants for therapeutic efficacy. we recently proposed the tumor necrosis factor family costimulatory ligands as potential adjuvants for therapeutic vaccines and, hence, generated a soluble form of 4-1bbl chimeric with streptavidin (sa-4-1bbl) that has pleiotropic effects on cells of innate, adaptive, and regula ...201020406989
is hpv-18 present in human breast cancer cell lines? 201020407441
piwil2 expressed in various stages of cervical neoplasia is a potential complementary marker for p16.generally, cancers may undergo the developmental stages of benign proliferation, precancer and invasive cancer. identification of biomarkers that are expressed throughout the developmental stages will facilitate detection, prevention and therapy of cancer. piwil2, a member of ago/piwi family of proteins, has been suggested to be associated with tumor development. here we reported that piwil2 can be detected by immunohistochemistry (ihc) in various stages of human cervical squamous cell carcinoma ...201020407605
relevance of human papilloma virus (hpv) infection to carcinogenesis of oral tongue cancer.human papilloma virus (hpv) infection is controversial as a causative factor in oral tongue cancer. this study aimed to clarify whether hpv directly affects the carcinogenesis and biological behaviour of oral tongue cancer by analyzing hpv prevalence, the physical status of the virus and clinicopathological parameters. archival tissue was obtained from 36 patients diagnosed with t1 and t2 oral tongue cancer and 25 normal controls. hpv genotyping chip and real-time polymerase chain reaction were ...201020413270
[rna interference: biogenesis molecular mechanisms and its applications in cervical cancer].rnai (rna interference) is a natural process by which eukaryotic cells silence gene expression through small interference rnas (sirna) which are complementary to messenger rna (mrna). in this process, the sirna that are 21-25 nucleotides long and are known as microrna (mirna), either associate with the rna-induced silencing complex (risc), which targets and cleaves the complementary mrnas by the endonucleolytic pathway, or repress the translation. it is also possible to silence exogenous gene ex ...201020415061
deregulation of stat-5 isoforms in the development of hpv-mediated cervical carcinogenesis.cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and is leading cause of cancer related deaths in women worldwide. high risk-human papillomavirus (hpv) types play an important role in cervical carcinogenesis. considering the important role of signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 (stat-5), an important member of jak/stat family which plays a crucial role in various cancers and hpv as a key mediator in the development of cervical carcinogenesis, the purpose of the current study was t ...201020415542
increased risk of hiv acquisition among kenyan men with human papillomavirus infection.few data on the effect of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection on human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) acquisition are available.201020415595
clonal status and clinicopathological observation of cervical minimal deviation adenocarcinoma.minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (mda) of the uterine cervix is defined as an extremely well differentiated variant of cervical adenocarcinoma, with well-formed glands that resemble benign glands but show distinct nuclear anaplasia or evidence of stromal invasion. thus, mda is difficult to differentiate from other cervical hyperplastic lesions. monoclonality is a major characteristic of most tumors, whereas normal tissue and reactive hyperplasia are polyclonal.201020416098
significance of human papillomavirus genotyping with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia treated by a loop electrosurgical excision procedure.this study was conducted to determine whether the human papillomavirus (hpv) genotype by the hpv dna chip test (hdc) is predictive of residual or recurrent high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) 2-3 following a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (leep).201020417477
what is the role of hpv typing in the united states now and in the next five years in a vaccinated population?to review the current state of hpv typing of the vaccinated population in the united states and potential for typing of this population over the next 5 years.201020417957
association between human papillomavirus infection and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma using two methods: pcr-dna enzyme immunoassay (pcr/deia) and immunohistochemistry (ihc) for detection of hpv in specimens of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and to correlate the presence of hpv with the epidemiological and clinicopathological features of recurrence and survival. hpv dna was amplified from 93 paraffin-embedded laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue ...201020419817
[factors associated with abnormal cervical cytology in pregnant women].to investigate the risk factors associated with abnormal cervical cytology findings in pregnant women.201020420780
lymphoepithelial-like carcinoma of the oropharynx: a morphologic variant of hpv-related head and neck carcinoma.human papillomavirus-associated squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (hpv-hnscc) represents an important subgroup of head and neck cancer that is characterized by distinct epidemiologic, clinical, and pathologic features including a relatively constant microscopic appearance. for those cancers that deviate from the morphologic prototype, an association with hpv may not be recognized and accurate tumor classification may not be achieved. we have identified 22 cases of hpv-hnscc with well-dev ...201020421782
high prevalence and low e6 genetic variability of human papillomavirus 58 in women with cervical cancer and precursor lesions in southeast mexico.infection with some genotypes of human papillomavirus (hpv) is the most important risk factor associated with cervical cancer (cc). throughout the world, hpv type 58 prevalence varies from one region to another; it is higher in women from certain countries in asia and latin america, such as china and mexico. although intratypic variants have been reported on a few occasions, our knowledge about hpv 58 genetic variation remains limited. therefore, this work aims to (i) determine the prevalence of ...201020428672
e6/e7 mrna expression analysis: a test for the objective assessment of cervical adenocarcinoma in clinical prognostic procedure.detection of e6/e7 mrna expression using the real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assay (nasba) pretect hpv-proofer was compared with results of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna detection in 98 paraffin-embedded samples from patients with cervical adenocarcinoma. hr-hpv dna was detected in 61 (62%), while hr-hpv e6/e7 mrna was detected in 63 (64%) of the samples. correlation between results from dna analyses and the e6/e7 mrna assay showed consistent results in 87% of samples (47 of ...201020428778
estimating clinical outcome of hpv induced cervical lesions by combination of capsid protein l1 and p16ink4a protein detection.the aim of this study was to investigate whether is possible to predict clinical outcome of cervical lesion by immunoassaying performed on cervical smears. during the two year study period the cervical smears of 81 patients were collected. all patients were tested for human papillomavirus (hpv) infections using amplycor hpv test. sixty-six of them were tested as positive for high risk types (hrhpv) and squamous intraepithelial lesion, and in those patients repeated cervical smears were taken eve ...201020432730
detection of human papillomaviruses type 16, 18 and 33 in bronchial aspirates of lung carcinoma patients by polymerase chain reaction: a study of 84 cases in croatia.besides its well-known role in cervical carcinoma, hpv is also suggested to be involved in lung cancer development. a number of authors have been investigating the presence of hpv in histological materials. we used routine bronchial aspirates from 84 patients with lung carcinoma for dna extraction and then performed polymerase chain reaction for high-risk hpv types 16, 18 and 33. the results were compared to those obtained from buccal and eyelid mucosa. only three patients were positive for hpv ...201020432745
human papillomavirus and cervical cancer: gardasil vaccination status and knowledge amongst a nationally representative sample of australian secondary school students.the aim of this paper was to measure student knowledge of hpv and risks associated with cervical cancer, explore associated factors, correlate knowledge of hpv and cervical cancer with other domains of sexual health related knowledge and estimate student self-reported rates of hpv immunisation. data were from a nationally representative cross-sectional stratified cluster sample of year 10 and 12 students in the australian secondary school system. contingency table, comparison of means, correlati ...201020434543
vaccination with multimeric l2 fusion protein and l1 vlp or capsomeres to broaden protection against hpv infection.immunization with l1 as pentavalent capsomeres or virus-like particles (vlps) generates high and long-lived titers of neutralizing antibodies and protection primarily against the human papillomavirus (hpv) type from which the vaccine was derived. conversely, vaccination with l2 minor capsid protein derived from multiple hpv types induces lower titer, but more broadly neutralizing and protective antibody responses. we combined the advantages of each protective antigen by immunization with titrate ...201020434552
role of t cell competition in the induction of cytotoxic t lymphocyte activity during viral vector-based immunization regimens.t cell competition between antigen- and vector-specific t cells may determine the outcome of viral vector-based immunization regimens, as we previously proposed. here, we unravelled the interplay between antigen- and vector-specific immunity, using recombinant semliki forest virus (rsfv). priming of mice with rsfv, encoding lacz (sfvlacz), or with empty rsfv strongly suppressed subsequent induction of ovalbumin or human papilloma virus (hpv) e6/e7-specific ctl activity by a booster with sfveova ...201020434555
the japanese guideline for cervical cancer screening.cervical cancer is the 11th leading cause of death from cancer for females in japan. in 2005, there were 2486 deaths from cervical cancer, accounting for 1.8% of the total number of cancer deaths in japan. cervical cancer screening using conventional cytology has been conducted worldwide. the guideline for cervical cancer screening was developed based on the established method. the efficacies of conventional and liquid-based cytology, human papillomavirus testing alone and two combination method ...201020436034
selective targeting of hpv-16 e6/e7 in cervical cancer cells with a potent oncolytic adenovirus and its enhanced effect with radiotherapy in vitro and vivo.recent studies have shown that oncolytic adenovirus specifically targeted tumor cells while sparing normal cells. here, we report a novel e1a-mutant adenovirus (m6) with antisense hpv16 e6 e7 dna inserted into the deleted 6.7k/gp19k region of e3. the target effects of m6 on hpv16-positive cervical cancer cells were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. by using cytopathic effect (cpe) and viral replication assays, we verified m6 was competent to selectively replicate in cervical cancer cells in vitro. ...201019903581
erythema multiforme following vaccination for human papillomavirus.erythema multiforme (em) is an acute self-limited immune-mediated reaction manifested by target skin lesions with mucous membrane involvement. the most common causes are infections and drugs. vaccinations have been reported as a triggering factor, and they may be a frequent cause of em in childhood. a 19-year-old female developed several target lesions of the hands and feet 10 days after the second dose of human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine. clinico-histologically, a diagnosis of em minor was ma ...201019887766
all 4 di-leucine motifs in the first hydrophobic domain of the e5 oncoprotein of human papillomavirus type 16 are essential for surface mhc class i downregulation activity and e5 endomembrane localization.the e5 oncoprotein of human papillomavirus type 16 downregulates surface mhc class i and interacts with the heavy chain of the mhc complex via the first hydrophobic domain, believed to form the first helical transmembrane region (tm1) of e5. tm1 contains 4 equally spaced di-leucine (ll1-ll4) motifs. di-leucine motifs have been implicated in protein-protein interactions and as localization signals. to see if any of the 4 di-leucine motifs of tm1 are involved in mhc downregulation by e5, we mutate ...201019876920
signature sequence validation of human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv-16) in clinical specimens.persistent infection indicated by detection of human papillomavirus 16 (hpv-16) on repeat testing over a period of time poses the greatest cervical cancer risk. however, variants of hpv-16, hpv-31 and hpv-33 may share several short sequence homologies in the hypervariable l1 gene commonly targeted for hpv genotyping. the purpose of this study was to introduce a robust laboratory procedure to validate hpv-16 detected in clinical specimens, using the genbank sequence database as the standard refer ...201019858529
high-risk human papilloma virus infection, tumor pathophenotypes, and brca1/2 and tp53 status in juvenile breast cancer.juvenile breast cancer is rare and poorly known. we studied a series of five breast cancer patients diagnosed within 25 years of age that included two adolescents, 12- and 15-years-old, and 3 young women, 21-, 21-, and 25-years-old, respectively. all cases were scanned for germline mutations along the entire brca1/2 coding sequences and tp53 exons 4-10, using protein truncation test, denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and direct sequencing. paraffin-embedded primary tumors (availa ...201019851859
abrogation of the brd4-positive transcription elongation factor b complex by papillomavirus e2 protein contributes to viral oncogene repression.the cellular bromodomain protein brd4 is a major interacting partner of the papillomavirus (pv) e2 protein. interaction of e2 with brd4 contributes to viral episome maintenance. the e2-brd4 interaction also plays an important role in repressing viral oncogene expression from the integrated viral genome in human pv (hpv)-positive cancer cells. however, the underlying mechanism is not clearly understood. in host cells, brd4 recruits positive transcription elongation factor b (p-tefb) to stimulate ...201019846528
differential binding patterns to host cells associated with particles of several human alphapapillomavirus types.the focus of this research was to compare the binding profiles of human papillomavirus (hpv) 11, 16, 18 and 45 virus-like particles (vlps) to hacat cells and to the extracellular matrix (ecm) secreted by these cells. all four hpv types tested bind to a component(s) of the ecm. hpv11 vlp binding is blocked when the ecm is pretreated with an anti-laminin 5 (ln5) polyclonal antibody. a series of treatments utilizing heparins and heparinase revealed that hpv18 vlps are dependent on heparan sulfates ...201019846678
the biological properties of e6 and e7 oncoproteins from human papillomaviruses.more than 100 different human papillomavirus (hpv) types have been isolated so far, and they can be sub-grouped in cutaneous or mucosal according to their ability to infect the skin or the mucosa of the genital or upper-respiratory tracts. a sub-group of human mucosal hpvs, referred to as high-risk hpv types, is responsible for approximately 5% of all human cancers, which represents one-third of all the tumours induced by viruses. epidemiological and biological studies have shown that hpv16 is t ...201019838783
homocysteine levels are associated with cervical cancer independent of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene (mthfr) polymorphisms in indian population.human papillomavirus is considered to be a major aetiological factor but is not sufficient for the development of cervical cancer. other host factors, including altered homocysteine levels, a functional marker of folate inadequacy, might contribute to the carcinogenic process. herein we investigated the potential association of homocysteine levels and mthfr polymorphisms with cervical cancer in 203 histologically confirmed cases including 39 precancer cases and 231 healthy controls with normal c ...201019793004
influence of partner's infection status on prevalent human papillomavirus among persons with a new sex partner.we evaluated the influence of the partner's human papillomavirus (hpv) status and sexual practices on prevalent hpv infection among new couples to study hpv transmission.201019704391
outcomes from a mass media campaign to promote cervical screening in nsw, australia.despite the decline in the incidence of cervical cancer in australia as a result of population screening, a substantial proportion of women in nsw screen less regularly than the recommended two-yearly interval or do not screen. with higher rates of cervical cancer in unscreened and underscreened women, and despite the introduction of the human papillomavirus vaccine, there remains a need to continue to remind women to screen. the mass media has been shown to be effective at improving participati ...201019822553
induction of human papillomavirus oncogene-specific cd8 t-cell effector responses in the genital mucosa of vaccinated mice.cervical cancer, the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide, results from infection with a subset of human papillomaviruses (hpv), hpv-16 being the most prevalent type. the available prophylactic vaccines are an effective strategy to prevent this cancer in the long term. however, they only target 70-80% of all cervical cancers and cannot control existing hpv infections and associated lesions. therapeutic vaccines are thus necessary for women who cannot benefit from prophylac ...201019816937
targeting and retention of hpv16 e7 to the endoplasmic reticulum enhances immune tumour protection.the endoplasmic reticulum (er) is where the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules are loaded with epitopes to cause an immune cellular response. most of the protein antigens are degraded in the cytoplasm to amino acids and few epitopes reach the er. antigen targeting of this organelle by calreticulin (crt) fusion avoids this degradation and enhances the immune response. we constructed a recombinant adenovirus to express the e7 antigen with an er-targeting signal peptide (sp) p ...201019818090
human papillomavirus type 16 e6 gene variations in chinese population.to identify genetic variants in the e6 gene of hpv 16 and to examine the association between these variants and cervical cancer development.201019699050
papillomavirus interaction with cellular chromatin.high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is the primary risk factor for cervical cancer. hpvs establish persistent infection by maintaining their genomes as extrachromosomal elements (episomes) that replicate along with host dna in infected cells. the productive life cycle of hpv is intimately tied to the differentiation program of host squamous epithelium. this review examines the involvement of host chromatin in multiple aspects of the papillomavirus life cycle and the malignant progress ...201019786128
low expression of human histocompatibility soluble leukocyte antigen-g (hla-g5) in invasive cervical cancer with and without metastasis, associated with papilloma virus (hpv).human leukocyte antigen-g (hla-g) is a non-classical major histocompatibility complex class ib molecule that acts as a specific immunosuppressor. some studies have demonstrated that human papillomavirus (hpv) seems to be involved in lower or absent hla-g expression, particularly in cervical cancer. in this study, we performed a cross-sectional study, systematically comparing the qualitative expression of the hla-g5 isoform in invasive cervical carcinoma (icc), stratifying patients according to t ...201019786613
the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and hpv viral load in high-risk hpv-positive women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.we evaluated the relationship between the dietary intake of vegetables and fruits, and the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) and determined whether these associations were modified by human papillomavirus (hpv) viral load. we enrolled 1,096 women aged 18-65 to participate in a hpv cohort study from march 2006 up to present. for this analysis, we included 328 hpv-positive women (166 controls, 90 cin i and 72 cin ii/iii). the multivariate odds ratios (ors) and corresponding 95% conf ...201019777358
appendix to: "pcr detection rates of high risk human papillomavirus dna in paired self-collected urine and cervical scrapes after laser co(2) conization for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia". 201019969337
interaction of immunological genes on chromosome 2q33 and ifng in susceptibility to cervical cancer.cervical cancer is caused by persistent infection with human papillomavirus and genetic susceptibility factors may augment disease risk. the immune response consists of complex interactions and it was recently proposed that the association of combinations of genotypes at several genes should be examined. in support of this the combination cd28+17(tt)/ifng+874(aa) was shown to increase cervical cancer risk in a brazilian population (vb guzman et al. new approach reveals cd28 and ifng gene interac ...201019959217
type-specific human papillomavirus oncogene messenger rna levels correlate with the severity of cervical neoplasia.this study aimed to evaluate whether quantitation of high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-hpv) e6 messenger rna (mrna) can be a potential biomarker for detecting the severity of cervical lesions. hpv genotyping was performed using a modified my11/gp6+ pcr for hpv dna amplification, followed by hpv genotype-specific hybridization with on a gene chip. e6 type-specific pcr was used to validate multiple infections. quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase (qrt-pcr) and real-time pcr used to measur ...201019960432
human papillomavirus knowledge and vaccine acceptability among a national sample of heterosexual men.if approved for use in young males in the united states, prophylactic human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine may reduce the incidence of hpv-related disease in vaccinated males and their sexual partners. we aimed to characterise heterosexual men's willingness to get hpv vaccine and identify correlates of vaccine acceptability.201019951936
immunization for hiv-positive individuals.this review summarizes recent literature addressing immunization in the setting of hiv infection, with a specific focus on emerging evidence that can guide the care of hiv-positive adults.201019949327
enhancing the scope of conventional cervical cytology for detecting hpv infection.cervical neoplasia is attributed to a persistent human papilloma virus infection. the pap smear being the mainstay of cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings, we studied the nonclassical features which might indicate hpv infection. these included abortive koilocytes, mild dyskeratosis, parakeratosis, mild nuclear hyperchromasia, bi/multinucleation, measles cells, and keratohyaline-like granules. two hundred and eight women with a satisfactory pap smear and a hybrid capture ii test wer ...201019950400
an analysis on the combination expression of hpv l1 capsid protein and p16ink4a in cervical lesions.human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in cervix is the most important reason for cervical cancer, but only 2% cervical hpv infection will develop into cervical cancer. so how to identify patients at risk of progressive cervical lesions from those infected with hpv to avoid over treatment is a big issue in clinic. the aims of this study were to detect the expression of hpv l1 capsid protein and p16(ink4a) in cervical lesions and to investigate the combination expression of hpv l1 capsid protein an ...201019941368
anal-rectal cytology: a review.the incidence of invasive anal squamous cell carcinoma, a human papilloma virus (hpv) related cancer, is on the rise, especially in hiv positive men who have sex with men (msm). like cervical cancer, anal cancer is associated with precursor lesions detectable on exfoliative cytology as squamous intraepithelial lesions and on biopsy as intraepithelial neoplasia. anal-rectal cytology screening programs, similar to cervical cytology screening programs, have been developed in an effort to detect and ...201019941374
high level protein expression in plants through the use of a novel autonomously replicating geminivirus shuttle vector.we constructed a novel autonomously replicating gene expression shuttle vector, with the aim of developing a system for transiently expressing proteins at levels useful for commercial production of vaccines and other proteins in plants. the vector, pric, is based on the mild strain of the geminivirus bean yellow dwarf virus (beydv-m) and is replicationally released into plant cells from a recombinant agrobacterium tumefaciens ti plasmid. pric differs from most other geminivirus-based vectors in ...201019929900
human papillomavirus prevalence and cytopathology correlation in young ugandan women using a low-cost liquid-based pap preparation.screening for hpv-driven cervical dysplasia and neoplasia is a significant public health concern in the developing world. the purpose of this study was to use a manual, low-cost liquid-based pap preparation to determine hpv prevalence in hiv-positive and hiv-negative young women in kampala, uganda and to correlate cervical cytopathology with hpv-dna genotype. about 196 post-partum women aged 18-30 years underwent rapid hiv testing and pelvic examination. liquid-based cervical cytology samples we ...201019937939
eligibility and willingness of first-year students entering university to participate in a hpv vaccination catch-up program.in france, human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine is routinely recommended for 14-year-old girls; a catch-up vaccination should be offered to girls and women 15-23 years of age before the first time they have sex or within the first year after sexual activity begins. the aim of the present study was to examine the eligibility and willingness of first-year college students of toulouse university (france) to participate in a hpv vaccination catch-up program, and to estimate their knowledge of hpv vacc ...201019926199
prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus infection in women from datong, china.this survey of 931 cervical specimens in women from datong, china indicates that the overall human papillomavirus (hpv) prevalence was 18.6%, and the most prevalent high-risk hpv types were 16, 58, 18, 52 and 33. this study demonstrates the epidemiology of hpv infection in datong and the potential impact of vaccination in this region.201019883160
women with hiv are more commonly infected with non-16 and -18 high-risk hpv types.to review and summarize evidence from clinical, translational and epidemiologic studies which have examined the clinically relevant aspects of hpv type prevalence and cervical dysplasia in hiv-infected women.201019906410
prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes, and mucosal iga anti-viral responses in women with cervical ectopy.data on the prevalence of different human papillomavirus (hpv) genotypes and the associated mucosal immune response in women with cervical ectopy are scarce.201019906557
biomarkers in cervical screening: quantitative reverse transcriptase pcr analysis of p16ink4a expression.molecular insights into the human papillomavirus (hpv)-induced cervical carcinogenesis led to the discovery of biomarkers for cervical disease. the detection of cellular proteins that are overexpressed by hpv-infected cells, such as tumor suppressor protein p16(ink4a), might play an important role in future cervical cancer screening strategies. p16(ink4a) immunostaining correlates with the severity of cytological and histological abnormalities, but shows some methodological shortcomings such as ...201019910796
substituted tetrahydro-beta-carbolines as potential agents for the treatment of human papillomavirus infection.the identification and optimization of a series of substituted tetrahydro-beta-carbolines with potent activity against human papillomavirus is described. structure-activity studies focused on the substitution pattern and chirality of the beta-carboline ring system are discussed. optimization of these parameters led to compounds with antiviral activities in the low nanomolar range.201019914830
human papillomavirus genotypes in invasive cervical cancer in jordan. 201019892334
women >or=30 years of age with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (lsil) have low positivity rates when cotested for high-risk human papillomavirus: should we reconsider hpv triage for lsil in older women?high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-hpv) testing for colposcopy triage of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (lsil) is not recommended because of high positive rates in young women. it remains unclear whether hr-hpv testing may be useful for triage of older women. we compiled hr-hpv data for women aged >or=30 years with lsil for the period march 1, 2006 to february 28, 2008. follow-up cervical biopsy information was collected for the period march 1, 2006 to august 15, 2008. we used the hyb ...201019894254
cost-effectiveness analysis of human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccination in the netherlands: recent publication reinforces favorable cost-effectiveness despite misleading conclusion. 201019896454
mechanisms of cell entry by human papillomaviruses: an overview.as the primary etiological agents of cervical cancer, human papillomaviruses (hpvs) must deliver their genetic material into the nucleus of the target cell. the viral capsid has evolved to fulfil various roles that are critical to establish viral infection. the particle interacts with the cell surface via interaction of the major capsid protein, l1, with heparan sulfate proteoglycans. moreover, accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of a secondary receptor and a possible role for the min ...201020089191
the risk of cin ii or greater in a one-year follow-up period in patients with asc-h interpreted with cytology.to explore the risk of cin ii or greater in patients with cytologically interpreted atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (asc-h) in a one-year follow-up period.201020089347
prevalence, distribution and correlates of endocervical human papillomavirus types in brazilian women.we determined the prevalence, distribution and correlates of human papillomavirus (hpv) types in 386 mixed-income, sexually active women in são paulo, brazil. endocervical samples were tested for hpv dna with l1 primers my09 and my11; negative and indeterminate samples were retested using gp 5+/6+ consensus primers. hpv was detected in 35% of all women; high-risk/probable high-risk types in 20%; low-risk types in 7%; and an indeterminate type in 10%. twenty-five hpv types were found overall: 17 ...201020089995
p634a4 and tap73 immunocytochemistry in liquid-based cervical cytology--potential biomarkers for diagnosis and progress prediction of cervical neoplasia.p63 and p73 are two homologues of the important tumor suppressor gene p53. in this study, we investigated p63 and p73 expression by immunocytochemistry using antibodies for tap73 and p634a4 isoforms in 91 high-grade and 107 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 212 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 9 squamous cell carcinomas and 63 normal samples from an asian screening population together with 47 hospital samples of carcinomas. there was significant correlation between ...201020081800
common genetic variants and risk for hpv persistence and progression to cervical cancer.hpv infrequently persists and progresses to cervical cancer. we examined host genetic factors hypothesized to play a role in determining which subset of individuals infected with oncogenic human papillomavirus (hpv) have persistent infection and further develop cervical pre-cancer/cancer compared to the majority of infected individuals who will clear infection.we evaluated 7140 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) from 305 candidate genes hypothesized to be involved in dna repair, viral in ...201020084279
the cost effectiveness of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (6/11/16/18) in hungary.a transmission dynamic model was used to assess the epidemiological and economic impact of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (hpv) (6/11/16/18) vaccine in preventing cervical cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 and 3 (cin 2/3), cin 1 and genital warts in hungary.201020085477
inverted immature metaplasia of the uterine cervix. 201020085521
prevalence and genotype identification of human papillomavirus in women undergoing voluntary cervical cancer screening in molise, central italy.we examined the prevalence of hr- and lr-hpv by linear array genotyping test in 299 women aged 18-63 years who consecutively visited molise region main hospitals for routine pap smear between february and august 2008. ninety women were positive for any hpv (30.1%), and 66 for any hr-hpv (22.1%). the most prevalent hr-hpv types were hpv 16 (22.2% of all women with hpv infection), hpv 53 (14.4%), and hpv 66 (14.4%). hpv infections increased from 15.8% in the 18-20 years group to 50.0% in the 21-23 ...201020080070
cost-effectiveness analysis of cervical cancer prevention based on a rapid human papillomavirus screening test in a high-risk region of china.this study assessed the cost-effectiveness of a new, rapid human papillomavirus (hpv)-dna screening test for cervical cancer prevention in the high-risk region of shanxi, china. using micro-costing methods, we estimated the resources needed to implement preventive strategies using cervical cytology or hpv-dna testing, including the hybrid capture 2 (hc2) test (qiagen corp., gaithersburg, md) and the rapid hpv-dna carehpv test (qiagen). data were used in a previously published model and empirical ...201020049838
clinical and prognostic significance of human papillomavirus dna in the sperm or exfoliated cells of infertile patients and subjects with risk factors.to evaluate human papillomavirus (hpv) sperm infection and its correlation with sperm parameters in infertile patients and subjects with risk factors.201020056213
cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination for prevention of cervical cancer in taiwan.human papillomavirus (hpv) infection has been shown to be a major risk factor for cervical cancer. vaccines against hpv-16 and hpv-18 are highly effective in preventing type-specific hpv infections and related cervical lesions. there is, however, limited data available describing the health and economic impacts of hpv vaccination in taiwan. the objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of prophylactic hpv vaccination for the prevention of cervical cancer in taiwan.201020064239
re: cost-effectiveness analysis of human papillomavirus vaccination in the netherlands. 201020068192
the pdz domain binding motif (pbm) of human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax can be substituted by heterologous pbms from viral oncoproteins during t-cell transformation.several tumor viruses, such as human t-cell leukemia virus (htlv), human papilloma virus (hpv), human adenovirus, have high-oncogenic and low-oncogenic subtypes, and such subtype-specific oncogenesis is associated with the pdz-domain binding motif (pbm) in their transforming proteins. htlv-1, the causative agent of adult t-cell leukemia, encodes tax1 with pbm as a transforming protein. the tax1 pbm was substituted with those from other oncoviruses, and the transforming activity was examined. tax ...201020069350
naturally occurring systemic immune responses to hpv antigens do not predict regression of cin2/3.essentially all squamous cervical cancers and their precursor lesions, high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin2/3), are caused by persistent human papillomavirus (hpv) infection. however, not all cin2/3 lesions progress to cancer. in a brief, observational study window monitoring subjects with cin2/3 from protocol entry (biopsy diagnosis) to definitive therapy (cervical conization) at week 15, in a cohort of 50 subjects, we found that 26% of cin2/3 lesions associated with hpv16, the g ...201020012604
the precancerous effect of emitted cooking oil fumes on precursor lesions of cervical cancer.although cooking emission from high-temperature frying has been deemed a group 2a carcinogen by the international agency for research on cancer, little is known about its impact on cervical tumorigenesis. to investigate the precancerous consequence of cooking oil fumes on cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (cin), a community-based case-control study, which takes all known risk factors into consideration, was conducted in taiwan. from 2003 to 2008, in a pap smear screening and biopsy examination n ...201020013811
atypical glandular cells (agc): thinprep imaging system (tis), manual screening (ms), and correlation with hybrid capture 2 (hc2) hpv dna testing.the aim of the study was to determine if the thinprep imaging system (t1s) improves the positive predictive value (ppv) of atypical glandular cell (agc) diagnosis for identifying hpv-related squamous and/or glandular lesions over manual screening (ms), and if human papilloma virus (hpv)-dna testing improves the diagnostic yield.201020014311
malignant transformation of a highly aggressive human papillomavirus type 11-associated recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.the objective is to present an uncommon case of squamous cell carcinoma (scc) arising from extensive recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (rrp) involving the upper and lower airway and temporal bone.201020015762
association of polymorphism in fcgr3a gene and progression of low-grade precursor lesions of cervical carcinoma.polymorphisms in receptors of the constant part of antibodies (fcr) have been associated with susceptibility to disease and viral infections but have not been studied in cervical carcinogenesis. the distribution of the polymorphism v158f (rs396991) in fcgr3a in cervical smears was detected in a group of 84 women with stable or regressed low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (group i) and a group of 54 women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (hsil) (group ii). human papillomav ...201020018222
prophylactic hpv vaccines: the finnish perspective.finland is a country with a dual role in the human papillomavirus (hpv) field. finnish scientists have pioneered in hpv research and participated in international hpv vaccine trials, but officially finland is reluctant to implement hpv vaccines into its national vaccination program owing to the reasons discussed in this article. in contrast to other european countries, finnish authorities were reluctant to initiate the evaluation process for hpv vaccines after licensure. instead of prompt implem ...201020021305
communication challenges of hpv vaccination.the uk has introduced a national human papillomavirus (hpv) immunisation programme for girls aged 12-13 from autumn 2008. previous research has explored public understanding of the causes of cervical cancer and found little awareness of the role of hpv.201020022908
the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 is a crucial target for histone deacetylase 1 as a regulator of cellular proliferation.histone deacetylases (hdacs) are chromatin-modifying enzymes that are involved in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation and development. hdac inhibitors induce cell cycle arrest, differentiation, or apoptosis in tumor cells and are therefore promising antitumor agents. numerous genes were found to be deregulated upon hdac inhibitor treatment; however, the relevant target enzymes are still unidentified. hdac1 is required for mouse development and unrestricted proliferation of embryonic ...201020028735
ccl2 blockade augments cancer immunotherapy.altering the immunosuppressive microenvironment that exists within a tumor will likely be necessary for cancer vaccines to trigger an effective antitumor response. monocyte chemoattractant proteins (such as ccl2) are produced by many tumors and have both direct and indirect immunoinhibitory effects. we hypothesized that ccl2 blockade would reduce immunosuppression and augment vaccine immunotherapy. anti-murine ccl2/ccl12 monoclonal antibodies were administered in three immunotherapy models: one ...201020028856
recombination of human papillomavirus-16 and host dna in exfoliated cervical cells: a pilot study of l1 gene methylation and chromosomal integration as biomarkers of carcinogenic progression.human papillomavirus-16 dna replicates in productive infections in circular form, but is found in most carcinomas integrated into the host cell dna. because this transition is essential for carcinogenesis, detailed research is desirable and may help to triage patients with abnormal pap smears. previous studies addressed the chromosomal integration of hpv-16 dna in biopsies of tumors by an indirect biomarker, methylation of the viral l1 gene and by reverse ligation polymerase chain reaction (rlip ...201020029805
the basaloid cell is the best tissue marker for human papillomavirus in invasive penile squamous cell carcinoma: a study of 202 cases from paraguay.human papillomavirus (hpv) has been reported in 12-82% of penile squamous cell carcinomas (scc). there is an association of the virus with basaloid and warty carcinomas but the reported prevalence is variable. the causes of these variations are not clear. they may be owing to geographic differences, the use of different techniques to detect hpv, the status of the original paraffin blocks, or to variable criteria in tumor classification. the aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of h ...201020035150
[perspective of cervical cancer prevention and control in developing countries and areas].cervical cancer ranks the second common cancer in women, affecting women severely in developing countries. it is a critical issue to develop simple, rapid, accurate, safe, acceptable, and inexpensive screening tests which can be used in cervical cancer prevention programs in developing countries. due to the shortage of funding and qualified cytological professionals in most developing countries, who has been actively promoting visual inspection with acetic acid/iodine solution (via/vili) as the ...201020038301
colposcopic characteristics of high-risk human papillomavirus-related cervical lesions.because high-risk human papillomavirus (hrhpv) is the necessary factor in the development of high-grade cervical lesions, knowing the colposcopic differences between hrhpv-positive and hrhpv-negative lesions could be of value. we have evaluated whether there are colposcopic differences between lesions testing hrhpv-positive or hrhpv-negative.201020040836
integrating clinical, community, and policy perspectives on human papillomavirus vaccination.infection with genital human papillomavirus (hpv) may cause anogenital cancers, oropharyngeal cancers, anogenital warts, and respiratory papillomas. two prophylactic vaccines (a bivalent and a quadrivalent vaccine) are now licensed and currently in use in a number of countries. both vaccines prevent infection with hpv-16 and hpv-18, which together cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers, and clinical trials have demonstrated 90%-100% efficacy in preventing precancerous cervical lesions attri ...201020001821
an analysis of the human papilloma virus vaccine debate on myspace blogs.the roll out of hpv immunization programs across the united states was hindered by controversy. we tracked the debate in the united states through myspace, then the most popular social networking site, in order to better understand the public's reaction to the vaccine.201020003922
invited commentary: human papillomavirus infection and risk of cervical precancer--using the right methods to answer the right questions.epidemiologists are well aware of the negative consequences of measurement error in exposure and outcome variables to their ability to detect putative causal associations. however, empirical proof that remedying the misclassification problem improves estimates of epidemiologic effect is seldom examined in detail. of all areas in cancer epidemiology, perhaps the best example of the consequences of misclassification and of the steps taken to circumvent them was the pursuit, beginning in the mid-19 ...201020007675
age distribution of human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia reflects caveats of cervical screening policies.although a second age-related peak of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is observed in many populations, it does not seem to have any impact on cervical screening policies. we examined the age-specific prevalence of hpv infection among 2,604 women enrolled for cervical screening and correlated the age at diagnosis of 2,491 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 (cin2/3) lesions and 801 invasive cervical cancers (icc). two peaks of hpv infection were detected at 26-30 and 46-50 years, re ...201019588497
[withdrawal of an advertising campaign to promote the quadrivalent human papilloma virus vaccine in spain].the inclusion of the quadrivalent human papilloma virus (hpv) vaccine in the schedule of the spanish national health system sparked the debate over gardasil, which was presented to the public as a "vaccine against cervical cancer". in this context, sanofi pasteur msd was sued for misleading advertising in the campaign "cuentaselo.org". although the complaint was not admitted, the lawsuit triggered five changes in the ownership of the web domain which, although backed by scientific societies, was ...201019523720
modulation of apoptosis by early human papillomavirus proteins in cervical cancer.cervical cancer (cc) constitutes a major women health problem. clinical, molecular, and epidemiological investigations have identified persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus (hr-hpv) as the major cause of cc. hr-hpvs lead to development of cervical carcinoma, predominantly through the action of e5, e6 and e7 viral oncoproteins. after hr-hpv infection, viral proteins employ strategies to modulate apoptosis. the e2 viral protein induces apoptosis in both normal and hpv-transforme ...201019374936
hpv-positive/p16-positive/ebv-negative nasopharyngeal carcinoma in white north americans.human papillomavirus (hpv) has been detected in keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinomas (npcs); however, the relationship between hpv and epstein-barr virus (ebv) among whites with nonkeratinizing npcs remains unclear. the hpv, p16, and ebv status was examined in current university of michigan patients with npc.201019757421
is the improved prognosis of p16 positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma dependent of the treatment modality?the incidence of human papilloma virus (hpv) induced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (opscc) increases in the western countries. these opscc show distinct molecular characteristics and are characterized by an overexpression of p16, considered a surrogate marker for hpv infection. when compared to patients with p16 negative opscc, patients with hpv induced p16 positive opscc show a significantly better prognosis, which is reported to be caused by increased radiosensitivity. the objective of ...201019697324
transitional cell neoplasm of the nasolacrimal duct associated with human papillomavirus type 11.tumors of the lacrimal sac are rare but noteworthy because of their significant potential to become malignant or life-threatening if treatment is delayed. dermatologists may be the first to encounter such neoplasms.201019615034
proliferative defects in dyskeratosis congenita skin keratinocytes are corrected by expression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase, tert, or by activation of endogenous telomerase through expression of papillomavirus e6/e7 or the telomerase rna component, terc.dyskeratosis congenita (dc) is characterized by the triad of reticulate skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy and leukoplakia. epidermal atrophy, hair growth defects, bone marrow failure and increased risk of cancer are also common in dc patients. dc is caused by mutations in genes encoding for telomerase complex factors. although there is an association of epidermal abnormalities with dc, epidermal cells from dc donors have not been previously characterized. we have isolated skin keratinocytes from ...201019558498
predictors of human papillomavirus persistence among women with equivocal or mildly abnormal cytology.we investigated short-term persistence of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection among 2,408 women with low-grade or equivocal cytological abnormalities followed for 24 months. odds ratios (ors) for persistence to the next 6-month visit were estimated by a discrete time survival model. prevalent hpv infections persisted longer in older women, but no association with age was found for incident hpv infections. increased likelihood of persistence was found among current smokers of >20 cigarettes per ...201019609952
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