Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| tef-7a, a transcript elongation factor gene, influences yield-related traits in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in this study, tatef-7a, a member of the transcript elongation factor gene family, and its flanking sequences were isolated. tatef-7a was located on chromosome 7a and was flanked by markers xwmc83 and xp3156.3. subcellular localization revealed that tatef-7a protein was localized in the nucleus. this gene was expressed in all organs, but the highest expression occurred in young spikes and developing seeds. overexpression of tatef-7a in arabidopsis thaliana produced pleiotropic effects on vegetativ ... | 2014 | 25056774 |
| a wheat aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase gene, taaco1, negatively regulates salinity stress in arabidopsis thaliana. | taaco1 could catalyze acc into ethylene in vitro. constitutive expression of taaco1 in arabidopsis conferred salt sensitivity, and taaco1 regulates salt stress mainly via the dreb1/cbf signal transduction pathway. ethylene signaling plays essential roles in mediating plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, besides regulating plant growth and development. the roles of ethylene biosynthesis in abiotic stress, however, remain elusive. in this study, an aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidas ... | 2014 | 25048023 |
| complex phylogeny and gene expression patterns of members of the nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family (npf) in wheat. | npf (formerly referred to as low-affinity nrt1) and 'high-affinity' nrt2 nitrate transporter genes are involved in nitrate uptake by the root, and transport and distribution of nitrate within the plant. the npf gene family consists of 53 members in arabidopsis thaliana, however only 11 of these have been functionally characterized. although homologous genes have been identified in genomes of different plant species including some cereals, there is little information available for wheat (triticum ... | 2014 | 24913625 |
| comparative functional analysis of wheat (triticum aestivum) zinc finger-containing glycine-rich rna-binding proteins in response to abiotic stresses. | although the functional roles of zinc finger-containing glycine-rich rna-binding proteins (rzs) have been characterized in several plant species, including arabidopsis thaliana and rice (oryza sativa), the physiological functions of rzs in wheat (triticum aestivum) remain largely unknown. here, the functional roles of the three wheat rz family members, named tarz1, tarz2, and tarz3, were investigated using transgenic arabidopsis plants under various abiotic stress conditions. expression of tarzs ... | 2014 | 24800811 |
| genome-wide identification, evolution, and expression analysis of rna-binding glycine-rich protein family in maize. | the rna-binding glycine-rich protein (rb-grp) family is characterized by the presence of a glycine-rich domain arranged in (gly)n-x repeats and an rna-recognition motif (rrm). rb-grps participate in varied physiological and biochemical processes especially in the stress response of plants. in this study, a total of 23 rb-grps distributed on 10 chromosomes were identified in maize (zea mays l.), and they were divided into four subgroups according to their conserved domain architecture. five pairs ... | 2014 | 24783971 |
| overexpression of a wheat phospholipase d gene, tapldα, enhances tolerance to drought and osmotic stress in arabidopsis thaliana. | phospholipase d (pld) is crucial for plant responses to stress and signal transduction, however, the regulatory mechanism of pld in abiotic stress is not completely understood; especially, in crops. in this study, we isolated a gene, tapldα, from common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). analysis of the amino acid sequence of tapldα revealed a highly conserved c2 domain and two characteristic hkd motifs, which is similar to other known pld family genes. further characterization revealed that tapldα e ... | 2014 | 24705986 |
| light influences how the fungal toxin deoxynivalenol affects plant cell death and defense responses. | the fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (don) can cause cell death in wheat (triticum aestivum), but can also reduce the level of cell death caused by heat shock in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) cell cultures. we show that 10 μg ml(-1) don does not cause cell death in arabidopsis cell cultures, and its ability to retard heat-induced cell death is light dependent. under dark conditions, it actually promoted heat-induced cell death. wheat cultivars differ in their ability to resist this toxin, ... | 2014 | 24561479 |
| amplification of aba biosynthesis and signaling through a positive feedback mechanism in seeds. | abscisic acid is an essential hormone for seed dormancy. our previous study using the plant gene switch system, a chemically induced gene expression system, demonstrated that induction of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (nced), a rate-limiting aba biosynthesis gene, was sufficient to suppress germination in imbibed arabidopsis seeds. here, we report development of an efficient experimental system that causes amplification of nced expression during seed maturation. the system was created with a ... | 2014 | 24520869 |
| a wheat similar to rcd-one gene enhances seedling growth and abiotic stress resistance by modulating redox homeostasis and maintaining genomic integrity. | plant growth inhibition is a common response to salinity. under saline conditions, shanrong no. 3 (sr3), a bread wheat (triticum aestivum) introgression line, performs better than its parent wheat variety jinan 177 (jn177) with respect to both seedling growth and abiotic stress tolerance. furthermore, the endogenous reactive oxygen species (ros) was also elevated in sr3 relative to jn177. the sr3 allele of sro1, a gene encoding a poly(adp ribose) polymerase (parp) domain protein, was identified ... | 2014 | 24443520 |
| to open or to close: species-specific stomatal responses to simultaneously applied opposing environmental factors. | plant stomatal responses to single environmental factors are well studied; however, responses to a change in two (or more) factors - a common situation in nature - have been less frequently addressed. we studied the stomatal responses to a simultaneous application of opposing environmental factors in six evolutionarily distant mono- and dicotyledonous herbs representing different life strategies (ruderals, competitors and stress-tolerators) to clarify whether the crosstalk between opening- and c ... | 2014 | 24392838 |
| a wheat allene oxide cyclase gene enhances salinity tolerance via jasmonate signaling. | one of the two branches of the α-linolenic acid metabolism pathway is catalyzed by 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase i, and the other is involved in jasmonic acid (ja) synthesis. the former is known to be active in the response to salinity tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum), but the participation of the latter in this response has not been established as yet. here, the salinity-responsive bread wheat gene taaoc1, which encodes an allene oxide cyclase involved in the α-linolenic acid metabol ... | 2014 | 24326670 |
| identification of a novel lea protein involved in freezing tolerance in wheat. | late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins are a family of hyper-hydrophilic proteins that accumulate in response to cellular dehydration. originally identified as plant proteins associated with seed desiccation tolerance, lea proteins have been identified in a wide range of organisms such as invertebrates and microorganisms. lea proteins are thought to protect proteins and biomembranes under water-deficit conditions. here, we characterized wci16, a wheat (triticum aestivum) protein that belongs ... | 2014 | 24265272 |
| phytotoxicity of 4,8-dihydroxy-1-tetralone isolated from carya cathayensis sarg. to various plant species. | the aqueous extract from carya cathayensis sarg. exocarp was centrifuged, filtered, and separated into 11 elution fractions by x-5 macroporous resin chromatography. a phenolic compound, 4,8-dihydroxy-1-tetralone (4,8-dht) was isolated from the fractions with the strongest phytotoxicity by bioassy-guided fractionation, and investigated for phytotoxicity on lettuce (latuca sativa l.), radish (raphanus sativus l.), cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), onion (allium cepa l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l ... | 2014 | 25264832 |
| [effects of different catch modes on soil enzyme activities and bacterial community in the rhizosphere of cucumber]. | effects of different catch modes on soil enzyme activities and bacterial community in the rhizosphere of cucumber (cucumis sativus) were analyzed by conventional chemical method, pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and real-time pcr methods. pot experiment was carried out in the greenhouse for three consecutive years with cucumber as the main crop, and scallion (allium fistulosum), wheat (triticum aestivum) and oilseed rape (brassica campestri) as catch crops. results showed that, ... | 2014 | 25876408 |
| [ecotoxicological effect and soil environmental criteria of the heavy metal chromium(vi)]. | nowadays, systematic studies about water quality criteria are being carried out in china, but studies on soil environmental criteria are comparatively insufficient. in this study, germination and root growth of 8 terrestrial plants (triticum aestivum, lactuca sativa, cucumis sativus, zea mays, brassica pekinensis, glycine max, allium tuberosum and solanum lycopersicum) and growth inhibition of 1 terrestrial animal (achatina fulica) were used to determine the chronic ecotoxicological effects of c ... | 2014 | 25338393 |
| secreted fungal effector lipase releases free fatty acids to inhibit innate immunity-related callose formation during wheat head infection. | the deposition of the (1,3)-β-glucan cell wall polymer callose at sites of attempted penetration is a common plant defense response to intruding pathogens and part of the plant's innate immunity. infection of the fusarium graminearum disruption mutant δfgl1, which lacks the effector lipase fgl1, is restricted to inoculated wheat (triticum aestivum) spikelets, whereas the wild-type strain colonized the whole wheat spike. our studies here were aimed at analyzing the role of fgl1 in establishing fu ... | 2014 | 24686113 |
| enrichment of provitamin a content in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by introduction of the bacterial carotenoid biosynthetic genes crtb and crti. | carotenoid content is a primary determinant of wheat nutritional value and affects its end-use quality. wheat grains contain very low carotenoid levels and trace amounts of provitamin a content. in order to enrich the carotenoid content in wheat grains, the bacterial phytoene synthase gene (crtb) and carotene desaturase gene (crti) were transformed into the common wheat cultivar bobwhite. expression of crtb or crti alone slightly increased the carotenoid content in the grains of transgenic wheat ... | 2014 | 24692648 |
| physiological traits associated with heat tolerance in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | field experiments for evaluating heat tolerance-related physiological traits were conducted for two consecutive years using a mapping population of recombinant inbred lines (rils) from the cross raj4014/wh730. chlorophyll content (chl) and chlorophyll fluorescence (cfl) were recorded under timely sown (ts) and late sown (ls) conditions. late sowing exposes the terminal stage of plants to high temperature stress. pooled analysis showed that cfl and chl differed significantly under ts and ls condi ... | 2014 | 25648644 |
| a novel genetic map of wheat: utility for mapping qtl for yield under different nitrogen treatments. | common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most important food crops worldwide. wheat varieties that maintain yield (yd) under moderate or even intense nitrogen (n) deficiency can adapt to low input management systems. a detailed genetic map is necessary for both wheat molecular breeding and genomics research. in this study, an f6:7 recombinant inbred line population comprising 188 lines was used to construct a novel genetic map and subsequently to detect quantitative trait loci (qtl) for ... | 2014 | 24885313 |
| tawrky68 responses to biotic stresses are revealed by the orthologous genes from major cereals. | wrky transcription factors have been extensively characterized in the past 20 years, but in wheat, studies on wrky genes and their function are lagging behind many other species. to explore the function of wheat wrky genes, we identified a tawrky68 gene from a common wheat cultivar. it encodes a protein comprising 313 amino acids which harbors 19 conserved motifs or active sites. gene expression patterns were determined by analyzing microarray data of tawrky68 in wheat and of orthologous genes f ... | 2014 | 24688294 |
| virulence determinants of pseudomonas syringae strains isolated from grasses in the context of a small type iii effector repertoire. | pseudomonas syringae is pathogenic to a large number of plant species. for host colonization and disease progression, strains of this bacterium utilize an array of type iii-secreted effectors and other virulence factors, including small secreted molecules such as syringolin a, a peptide derivative that inhibits the eukaryotic proteasome. in strains colonizing dicotyledonous plants, the compound was demonstrated to suppress the salicylic-acid-dependent defense pathway. here, we analyze virulence ... | 2014 | 25472590 |
| differential gene expression and metabolomic analyses of brachypodium distachyon infected by deoxynivalenol producing and non-producing strains of fusarium graminearum. | fusarium head blight (fhb) caused primarily by fusarium graminearum (fg) is one of the major diseases of small-grain cereals including bread wheat. this disease both reduces yields and causes quality losses due to the production of deoxynivalenol (don), the major type b trichothecene mycotoxin. don has been described as a virulence factor enabling efficient colonization of spikes by the fungus in wheat, but its precise role during the infection process is still elusive. brachypodium distachyon ( ... | 2014 | 25063396 |
| heritable, de novo resistance to leaf rust and other novel traits in selfed descendants of wheat responding to inoculation with wheat streak mosaic virus. | stable resistance to infection with wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv) can be evolved de novo in selfing bread wheat lines subjected to cycles of wsmv inoculation and selection of best-performing plants or tillers. to learn whether this phenomenon might be applied to evolve resistance de novo to pathogens unrelated to wsmv, we examined the responses to leaf rust of succeeding generations of the rust- and wsmv-susceptible cultivar 'lakin' following wsmv inoculation and derived rust-resistant sublin ... | 2014 | 24497941 |
| the wheat ethylene response factor transcription factor pathogen-induced erf1 mediates host responses to both the necrotrophic pathogen rhizoctonia cerealis and freezing stresses. | sharp eyespot disease (primarily caused by the pathogen rhizoctonia cerealis) and freezing stress are important yield limitations for the production of wheat (triticum aestivum). here, we report new insights into the function and underlying mechanisms of an ethylene response factor (erf) in wheat, pathogen-induced erf1 (tapie1), in host responses to r. cerealis and freezing stresses. tapie1-overexpressing transgenic wheat exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to both r. cerealis and freezi ... | 2014 | 24424323 |
| further studies on a specific basic protein from bread wheat. | 2014 | 4202861 | |
| ubiquity of insect-derived nitrogen transfer to plants by endophytic insect-pathogenic fungi: an additional branch of the soil nitrogen cycle. | the study of symbiotic nitrogen transfer in soil has largely focused on nitrogen-fixing bacteria. vascular plants can lose a substantial amount of their nitrogen through insect herbivory. previously, we showed that plants were able to reacquire nitrogen from insects through a partnership with the endophytic, insect-pathogenic fungus metarhizium robertsii. that is, the endophytic capability and insect pathogenicity of m. robertsii are coupled so that the fungus acts as a conduit to provide insect ... | 2014 | 24334669 |
| can plants serve as a vector for prions causing chronic wasting disease? | prions, the causative agent of chronic wasting disease (cwd) enter the environment through shedding of bodily fluids and carcass decay, posing a disease risk as a result of their environmental persistence. plants have the ability to take up large organic particles, including whole proteins, and microbes. this study used wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to investigate the uptake of infectious cwd prions into roots and their transport into aerial tissues. the roots of intact wheat plants were exposed ... | 2014 | 24509640 |
| circular code motifs in the ribosome decoding center. | a translation (framing) code based on the circular code was proposed in michel (2012) with the identification of x circular code motifs (x motifs shortly) in the bacterial rrna of thermus thermophilus, in particular in the ribosome decoding center. three classes of x motifs are now identified in the rrnas of bacteria escherichia coli and thermus thermophilus, archaea pyrococcus furiosus, nuclear eukaryotes saccharomyces cerevisiae, triticum aestivum and homo sapiens, and chloroplast spinacia ole ... | 2014 | 25215650 |
| a novel protein elicitor (sscut) from sclerotinia sclerotiorum induces multiple defense responses in plants. | in this study, we report the cloning of the sscut gene encoding cutinase from sclerotinia sclerotiorum. we isolated a 609-bp cdna encoding a polypeptide of 202 amino acids with a molecular weight of 20.4 kda. heterologous expression of sscut in escherichia coli (his-sscut) caused the formation of lesions in tobacco that closely resembled hypersensitive response lesions. mutational analysis identified the c-terminal-half peptide and the same amino acids indispensable for both enzyme and elicitor ... | 2014 | 25149470 |
| a proteinaceous fraction of wheat bran may interfere in the attachment of enterotoxigenic e. coli k88 (f4+) to porcine epithelial cells. | wheat bran (wb) from triticum aestivum has many beneficial effects on human health. to the best of our knowledge, very little has been published about its ability to prevent pathogenic bacterial adhesion in the intestine. here, a wb extract was fractionated using different strategies, and the obtained fractions were tested in different in vitro methodologies to evaluate their interference in the attachment of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) k88 to intestinal porcine epithelial cells (ipe ... | 2014 | 25119298 |
| decay of enteric microorganisms in biosolids-amended soil under wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivation. | there is a growing need for better assessment of health risks associated with land-applied biosolids. this study investigated in-situ decay of seeded human adenovirus (hadv), salmonella enterica, escherichia coli, and bacteriophage (ms2) in biosolids-amended soil under wheat cultivation. the biosolids seeded with microorganisms were placed in decay chambers which were then placed in the topsoil (10 cm depth) at three different sites. sites were selected in arid wheat-growing regions of australia ... | 2014 | 24793663 |
| cloning and characterization of a wheat homologue of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease ape1l. | apurinic/apyrimidinic (ap) endonucleases are key dna repair enzymes involved in the base excision repair (ber) pathway. in ber, an ap endonuclease cleaves dna at ap sites and 3'-blocking moieties generated by dna glycosylases and/or oxidative damage. a triticum aestivum cdna encoding for a putative homologue of exoiii family ap endonucleases which includes e. coli xth, human ape1 and arabidopsis thaliana atape1l has been isolated and its protein product purified and characterized. | 2014 | 24667595 |
| characterization and expression analysis of wox5 genes from wheat and its relatives. | the wuschel (wus)-related homeobox (wox) gene family plays an important role in coordinating gene transcription in the early phases of embryogenesis. in this study, we isolated and characterized wox5 from common wheat and its relatives triticum monococcum, triticum urartu, aegilops speltoides, aegilops searsii, aegilops sharonensis, aegilops longissima, aegilops bicornis, aegilops tauschii, and triticum turgidum. the size of the characterized wox5 alleles ranged from 1029 to 1038 bp and encompas ... | 2014 | 24368329 |
| the α-gliadin genes from brachypodium distachyon l. provide evidence for a significant gap in the current genome assembly. | brachypodium distachyon, is a new model plant for most cereal crops while gliadin is a class of wheat storage proteins related with wheat quality attributes. in the published b. distachyon genome sequence databases, no gliadin gene is found. in the current study, a number of gliadin genes in b. distachyon were isolated, which is contradictory to the results of genome sequencing projects. in our study, the b. distachyon seeds were found to have no gliadin protein expression by gel electrophoresis ... | 2014 | 24318766 |
| decay of salmonella enterica, escherichia coli and bacteriophage ms2 on the phyllosphere and stored grains of wheat (triticum aestivum). | cereal crops grown in the biosolids-amended soil can potentially become contaminated with pathogenic micro-organisms during growth and at the time of harvesting. there is small but unquantified potential risk of transfer of enteric pathogens to humans and animals from contaminated plants and grains. this study examined decay of escherichia coli, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and bacteriophage ms2 on the wheat phyllosphere and on stored grains. this was done to assess the health implica ... | 2014 | 23980794 |
| the effect of elevated temperature on barley yellow dwarf virus-pav in wheat. | barley yellow dwarf virus-pav (bydv-pav) is associated with yellow dwarf disease, one of the most economically important diseases of cereals worldwide. in this study, the impact of current and future predicted temperatures for the wimmera wheat growing district in victoria, australia on the titre of bydv-pav in wheat was investigated. ten-day old wheat (triticum aestivum, cv. yitpi) seedlings were inoculated with bydv-pav and grown at ambient (5.0-16.1°c, night-day) or elevated (10.0-21.1°c, nig ... | 2014 | 24374266 |
| virus-induced gene silencing suggests (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase is a susceptibility factor in the compatible russian wheat aphid-wheat interaction. | the russian wheat aphid (rwa), diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov), is a significant insect pest of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and has a major economic impact worldwide, especially on winter wheat in the western united states. the continuing emergence of new rwa biotypes virulent to existing resistance genes reinforces the need for more durable resistance. studies have indicated that resistance in previously susceptible plants can be produced by knock-down of susceptibility genes or other genes involv ... | 2014 | 24964057 |
| mycoflora and deoxynivalenol in whole wheat grains (triticum aestivum l.) from southern brazil. | the fungal species fusarium graminearum is related to deoxynivalenol (don) formation. the aim of this study was to evaluate mycoflora and don occurrence in 53 whole wheat grain samples collected in southern brazil during the 2012 crop. wheat grains showed adequate values of water activity ranging from 0.48 to 0.72, within the required limits of moisture content, ranging from 9.1% to 13.9%. in addition, low counts of fungal colonies, ranging from 10 to 8.2 × 10(2), were found. for fusarium genera ... | 2014 | 25029408 |
| genetic transformation of wheat via agrobacterium-mediated dna delivery. | the method described involves an initial incubation of wheat immature embryos in a liquid culture of agrobacterium tumefaciens. the agrobacterium strain is engineered to contain a binary vector with a gene of interest and a selectable marker gene placed between the t-dna borders; the t-dna is the region transferred to the plant cells, thus harnessing the bacterium's natural ability to deliver specific dna into host cells. following the initial inoculation with the agrobacterium, the embryos are ... | 2014 | 24243208 |
| the phosphotransferase system gene ptsi in the endophytic bacterium bacillus cereus is required for biofilm formation, colonization, and biocontrol against wheat sharp eyespot. | natural resistance of wheat plants to wheat sharp eyespot is inadequate, and new strategies for controlling the disease are required. biological control is an alternative and attractive way of reducing the use of chemicals in agriculture. in this study, we investigated the biocontrol properties of endophytic bacterium bacillus cereus strain 0-9, which was isolated from the root systems of healthy wheat varieties. the phosphotransferase system is a major regulator of carbohydrate metabolism in ba ... | 2014 | 24750250 |
| effects of coal-fired thermal power plant discharges on agricultural soil and crop plants. | the physicochemical properties of the upstream and downstream waters from the upper ganga canal, discharged cooling tower water, machine washings, and scrubber and bottom ash effluents of a 530 mw kasimpur coal-fired thermal power plant have been determined, and their effects directly on fertile soil and indirectly on pea (pisum sativam) and wheat (triticum aestivum) crops have also been studied. the effluents were found to be alkaline in nature. the scrubber and bottom ash effluent was found to ... | 2014 | 3956466 |
| iodine binding capacity of wheat starches & characteristics of wheat (triticum aestivum). | 2014 | 4248656 | |
| stabilising metal(loid)s in soil with iron and aluminium-based products: microbial, biochemical and plant growth impact. | four iron and aluminium-based products, including red mud (rm), hematite (fe2o3), an iron-rich water treatment residual (fe-wtr) and amorphous al hydroxide (al-oh), were evaluated for their effectiveness at stabilising as and heavy metals (i.e. cd, cu, pb, zn) in a circumneutral contaminated soil [as (2105 mg kg(-1)), cd (18 mg kg(-1)), cu (264 mg kg(-1)), pb (710 mg kg(-1)), zn (522 mg kg(-1))]. treatment impacts on soil microbial and biochemical features (i.e. microbial biomass-c, microbial co ... | 2014 | 24685456 |
| laterally resolved speciation of arsenic in roots of wheat and rice using fluorescence-xanes imaging. | • accumulation of arsenic (as) within plant tissues represents a human health risk, but there remains much to learn regarding the speciation of as within plants. • we developed synchrotron-based fluorescence-x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (fluorescence-xanes) imaging in hydrated and fresh plant tissues to provide laterally resolved data on the in situ speciation of as in roots of wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa) exposed to 2 μm as(v) or as(iii). • when exposed to as(v), ... | 2014 | 24206613 |
| soil carbon and nitrogen fractions and crop yields affected by residue placement and crop types. | soil labile c and n fractions can change rapidly in response to management practices compared to non-labile fractions. high variability in soil properties in the field, however, results in nonresponse to management practices on these parameters. we evaluated the effects of residue placement (surface application [or simulated no-tillage] and incorporation into the soil [or simulated conventional tillage]) and crop types (spring wheat [triticum aestivum l.], pea [pisum sativum l.], and fallow) on ... | 2014 | 25119381 |
| assessing the effects of architectural variations on light partitioning within virtual wheat-pea mixtures. | predicting light partitioning in crop mixtures is a critical step in improving the productivity of such complex systems, and light interception has been shown to be closely linked to plant architecture. the aim of the present work was to analyse the relationships between plant architecture and light partitioning within wheat-pea (triticum aestivum-pisum sativum) mixtures. an existing model for wheat was utilized and a new model for pea morphogenesis was developed. both models were then used to a ... | 2014 | 24907314 |
| comparison of the morphogenesis of three genotypes of pea (pisum sativum) grown in pure stands and wheat-based intercrops. | cereal-legume intercrops represent a promising way of combining high productivity and agriculture sustainability. the benefits of cereal-legume mixtures are highly affected by species morphology and functioning, which determine the balance between competition and complementarity for resource acquisition. studying species morphogenesis, which controls plant architecture, is therefore of major interest. the morphogenesis of cultivated species has been mainly described in mono-specific growing cond ... | 2014 | 24790127 |
| the effect of manuring on cereal and pulse amino acid δ(15)n values. | amino acid δ(15)n values of barley (hordeum vulgare) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum) grains and rachis and broad bean (vicia faba) and pea (pisum sativum) seeds, grown in manured and unmanured soil at the experimental farm stations of rothamsted, uk and bad lauchstädt, germany, were determined by gc-c-irms. manuring was found to result in a consistent (15)n-enrichment of cereal grain amino acid δ(15)n values, indicating that manuring did not affect the metabolic routing of nitrogen (n) into ... | 2014 | 24631496 |
| cereal grain, rachis and pulse seed amino acid δ15n values as indicators of plant nitrogen metabolism. | natural abundance δ(15)n values of plant tissue amino acids (aas) reflect the cycling of n into and within plants, providing an opportunity to better understand environmental and anthropogenic effects on plant metabolism. in this study, the aa δ(15)n values of barley (hordeum vulgare) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum) grains and rachis and broad bean (vicia faba) and pea (pisum sativum) seeds, grown at the experimental farm stations of rothamsted, uk and bad lauchstädt, germany, were determine ... | 2014 | 23790569 |
| both mat1-1 and mat1-2 mating types of mycosphaerella graminicola occur at equal frequencies in algeria. | septoria tritici blotch caused by mycosphaerella graminicola is currently the most devastating disease on wheat crops worldwide. mycosphaerella graminicola sexual reproduction involves two mating type idiomorphs that were previously studied in several areas around the world, but not in algeria so far. the objective of this study was thus to determine the frequencies and distribution of m. graminicola mating types in this country. one hundred and twenty monoconidial isolates of this fungus (60 fr ... | 2014 | 26080482 |
| efficacy and modes of action of resistance inducers on two wheat species against mycosphaerella graminicola. | plant resistance inducers could be an alternative to conventional fungicides to control in a more durable and environmentally friendly manner fungal pathogens. here, we tested the protection efficacy and the modes of action of four resistance inducers (r1, r2, r3 and r4) against the causal agent of septoria tritici blotch, mycosphaerella graminicola, the most frequently occurring pathogen on wheat crops worldwide. the four inducers were tested on two wheat cultivars, premio (a french bread wheat ... | 2014 | 26080474 |
| generation of a toxa knockout strain of the wheat tan spot pathogen pyrenophora tritici-repentis. | the necrotrophic fungal pathogen pyrenophora tritici-repentis causes tan spot, a major disease of wheat, throughout the world. the proteinaceous effector toxa is responsible for foliar necrosis on toxa-sensitive wheat genotypes. the single copy toxa gene was deleted from a wild-type race 1 p. tritici-repentis isolate via homologous recombination of a knockout construct. expression of the toxa transcript was found to be absent in transformants (toxa), as was toxa protein production in fungal cult ... | 2014 | 24831982 |
| [effect of chitooligosaccharides with different degrees of acetylation on the activity of wheat pathogen-inducible anionic peroxidase]. | the effect of chitooligosaccharides (choss) with a molecular weight of 5-10 kda and a degree of acetylation (da) of 65 and 13% at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l on the expression of the tc151917 gene, which encodes wheat anionic peroxidase, and the activity of "anionic" isoperoxidases in common wheat plants infected with septoria nodorum berk.--the causative agent of septoriosis. treatment with choss with a 65% da and infection promoted the transcription of the anionic peroxidase gene and increased ... | 2014 | 25272758 |
| high-resolution analysis of a qtl for resistance to stagonospora nodorum glume blotch in wheat reveals presence of two distinct resistance loci in the target interval. | stagonospora nodorum glume blotch (sng), caused by the necrotrophic fungus stagonospora nodorum, is one of the economically important diseases of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). resistance to sng is known to be quantitative and previous studies of a recombinant inbred line (ril) population identified a major quantitative trait locus (qtl) for resistance to sng on the short arm of chromosome 3b. to localize this qtl (qsng.sfr-3bs) with high resolution, we constructed a genetic map for the qtl ... | 2014 | 24306318 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for abscisic acid responsiveness in the d-genome of hexaploid wheat. | in crop species such as wheat, abiotic stresses and preharvest sprouting reduce grain yield and quality. the plant hormone abscisic acid (aba) plays important roles in abiotic stress tolerance and seed dormancy. in previous studies, we evaluated aba responsiveness of 67 aegilops tauschii accessions and their synthetic hexaploid wheat lines, finding wide variation that was due to the d-genome. in this study, quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis was performed using an f2 population derived from ... | 2014 | 24877675 |
| isolation and in-silico characterization of peroxidase isoenzymes from wheat (triticum aestivum) against karnal bunt (tilletia indica). | to investigate the role of peroxidase and its physiological significance under karnal bunt (kb) were determined in resistant (hd-29) and susceptible genotype (wh-542) of wheat during different developmental stages. the enzymes were expressed constitutively in both the susceptible and resistant genotype. in gel assay and differential expression analysis of pod was significantly higher (p >0.05) in sv and s2, than the s1 and s3 stages. in silico analysis of peroxidase for eg. physico-chemical prop ... | 2014 | 24616560 |
| genome-wide marker development for the wheat d genome based on single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from transcripts in the wild wheat progenitor aegilops tauschii. | 13,347 high-confidence snps were discovered through transcriptome sequencing of aegilops tauschii, which are useful for genomic analysis and molecular breeding of hexaploid wheat. in organisms with large and complex genomes, such as wheat, rna-seq analysis is cost-effective for discovery of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps). in this study, deep sequencing of the spike transcriptome from two aegilops tauschii accessions representing two major lineages led to the discovery of 13,3 ... | 2014 | 24158251 |
| the response of durum wheat to the preceding crop in a mediterranean environment. | crop sequence is an important management practice that may affect durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) production. field research was conducted in 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 seasons in a rain-fed cold mediterranean environment to examine the impact of the preceding crops alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), maize (zea mays l.), sunflower (helianthus annuus l.), and bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) on yield and n uptake of four durum wheat varieties. the response of grain yield of durum wheat to the preced ... | 2014 | 25401153 |
| comparison of ambient solvent extraction methods for the analysis of fatty acids in non-starch lipids of flour and starch. | lipids are minor components of flours, but are major determinants of baking properties and end-product quality. to the best of our knowledge, there is no single solvent system currently known that efficiently extracts all non-starch lipids from all flours without the risk of chemical, mechanical or thermal damage. this paper compares nine ambient solvent systems (monophasic and biphasic) with varying polarities: bligh and dyer (bd); modified bligh and dyer using hcl (bdhcl); modified bd using na ... | 2014 | 24132804 |
| automated recovery of three-dimensional models of plant shoots from multiple color images. | increased adoption of the systems approach to biological research has focused attention on the use of quantitative models of biological objects. this includes a need for realistic three-dimensional (3d) representations of plant shoots for quantification and modeling. previous limitations in single-view or multiple-view stereo algorithms have led to a reliance on volumetric methods or expensive hardware to record plant structure. we present a fully automatic approach to image-based 3d plant recon ... | 2014 | 25332504 |
| quality characteristics of gluten free cookies prepared from different flour combinations. | the present investigation was undertaken on the utilization of alternate flours/meals (rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), sorghum (sorghum vulgare) and pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) for the preparation of gluten free cookies as compared to conventional wheat (triticum aestivum) flour cookies. the physicochemical parameters, sensory qualities and functional properties of flours/cookies were studied and compared with control cookies. the blend of maize and pearl millet had best pasting qua ... | 2014 | 24741176 |
| efficient genome-wide detection and cataloging of ems-induced mutations using exome capture and next-generation sequencing. | chemical mutagenesis efficiently generates phenotypic variation in otherwise homogeneous genetic backgrounds, enabling functional analysis of genes. advances in mutation detection have brought the utility of induced mutant populations on par with those produced by insertional mutagenesis, but systematic cataloguing of mutations would further increase their utility. we examined the suitability of multiplexed global exome capture and sequencing coupled with custom-developed bioinformatics tools to ... | 2014 | 24728647 |
| characterization of the caleosin gene family in the triticeae. | the caleosin genes encode proteins with a single conserved ef hand calcium-binding domain and comprise small gene families found in a wide range of plant species. some members of the gene family have been shown to be upregulated by environmental stresses including low water availability and high salinity. caleosin 3 from wheat has been shown to interact with the α-subunit of the heterotrimeric g proteins, and to act as a gtpase activating protein (gap). this study characterizes the size and dive ... | 2014 | 24673767 |
| genomic changes at the early stage of somatic hybridization. | a broad spectrum of genetic and epigenetic changes is induced by wide hybridization and subsequent polyploidization, but the timing of these events remains obscure because early hybrid cells are very difficult to harvest and analyze. here, we used both cytological and genetic marker approaches to analyze the constitution of very young somatic hybrid cells between japonica rice (oryza sativa l. subsp japonica) and indica rice (oryza sativa l. subsp indica) and between japonica rice and bread whea ... | 2014 | 24668681 |
| the trafficking pathway of a wheat storage protein in transgenic rice endosperm. | the trafficking of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) of plant cells is a topic of considerable interest since this organelle serves as an entry point for proteins destined for other organelles, as well as for the er itself. in the current work, transgenic rice was used to study the pattern and pathway of deposition of the wheat high molecular weight (hmw) glutenin sub-unit (gs) 1dx5 within the rice endosperm using specific antibodies to determine whether it is deposited in the same or d ... | 2014 | 24603605 |
| characterization and phylogenetic analysis of allergenic tryp_alpha_amyl protein family in plants. | most known allergenic proteins in rice ( oryza sativa ) seed belong to the tryp_alpha_amyl family (pf00234), but the sequence characterization and the evolution of the allergenic tryp_alpha_amyl family members in plants have not been fully investigated. in this study, two specific motifs were found besides the common alpha-amylase inhibitors (aai) domain from the allergenic tryp_alpha_amyl family members in rice seeds (trrsas). to understand the evolution and functional importance of the tryp_al ... | 2014 | 24328177 |
| exogenous salicylic acid enhances the resistance of wheat seedlings to hessian fly (diptera: cecidomyiidae) infestation under heat stress. | heat stress exerts significant impact on plant-parasite interactions. phytohormones, such as salicylic acid (sa), play important roles in plant defense against parasite attacks. here, we studied the impact of a combination of heat stress and exogenous sa on the resistance of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants to the hessian fly [mayetiola destructor (say)]. we found that the wheat cultivar 'molly', which contains the resistance gene h13, lost resistance to hessian fly under heat stress (40°c fo ... | 2014 | 26309292 |
| candidate genes expressed in tolerant common wheat with resistant to english grain aphid. | the english grain aphid, sitobion avenae (f.) (hemiptera: aphididae), is a common worldwide pest of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the use of improved resistant cultivars by the farmers is the most effective and environmentally friendly method to control this aphid in the field. the winter wheat genotypes 98-10-35 and amigo are resistant to s. avenae. to identify genes responsible for resistance to s. avenae in these genotypes, differential-display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ... | 2014 | 26309289 |
| characterization and chromosome location of adp-ribosylation factors (arfs) in wheat. | in this study, the arf genes were cloned, sequenced and located on the chromosomes. the gene expression of various stress conditions were analyzed through rt-pcr. two important features of arf in wheat were found: (1) high sequences homology among species in mammalian and plant and (2) four exons and three introns were conserved in poaceae. in this study the coding genes of adp-ribosylation factors (arf) were characterized and they were located on chromosomes 3al and 2dl in common wheat and its ... | 2014 | 26035952 |
| growth-suppressive effect of the α-amylase inhibitor of triticum aestivum on stored-product mites varies by the species and type of diet. | a naturally occurring α-amylase inhibitor (α-ai) of triticum aestivum protects wheat grain from gramnivorous arthropod pests. the α-ai (type-i) was incorporated into carbohydrate and protein diets to test its inhibitory activity on the stored-product mites acarus siro, lepidoglyphus destructor and tyrophagus putrescentiae (acari: astigmata). growth tests of mites fed the various diets were used to compare the suppressive effects. the final population size of mites attained from an initial popula ... | 2014 | 23907553 |
| adsorption and desorption of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol onto and from ash as affected by ag(+), zn (2+), and al (3+). | metal cations and organic pollutants mostly co-exist in the natural environment. however, their interactions in adsorption processes have yet to be adequately addressed. in the current study, the effect of inorganic cations with different charges (ag(+), zn(2+), and al(3+)) on the adsorption and desorption of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (tcp) onto and from processed ash derived from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) straw was investigated. the adsorption and desorption of tcp were both nonlinear; the isoth ... | 2014 | 24019142 |
| effects of exogenous nitric oxide in wheat seedlings under chilling stress. | the effects of nitric oxide (no) on chilling tolerance (contents of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and superoxide anion (o2 (-)) and lipid peroxidation level (malondialdehyde, mda)) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (sod), peroxidase (pox) and catalase (cat)) were investigated in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) exposed to chilling. no treatment was carried out through spraying of sodium nitroprusside (snp), which is a donor of no. to do this, snp concentrations ... | 2014 | 22903172 |
| molecular cytogenetic characterization and stem rust resistance of five wheat-thinopyrum ponticum partial amphiploids. | partial amphiploids created by crossing common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and thinopyrum ponticum (podp.) barkworth & d. r. dewey are important intermediates in wheat breeding because of their resistance to major wheat diseases. in this study, we examined the chromosome compositions of five xiaoyan-series wheat-th. ponticum partial amphiploids (xiaoyan 68, xiaoyan 693, xiaoyan 784, xiaoyan 7430, and xiaoyan 7631) using gish, multicolor-gish, and multicolor-fish. we found several chromosome cha ... | 2014 | 25434682 |
| identification of candidate genes, regions and markers for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | pre-harvest sprouting (phs) of wheat grain leads to a reduction in grain yield and quality. the availability of markers for marker-assisted selection (mas) of phs resistance will serve to enhance breeding selection and advancement of lines for cultivar development. the aim of this study was to identify candidate regions and develop molecular markers for phs resistance in wheat. this was achieved via high density mapping of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers from an illumina 90 k infini ... | 2014 | 25432597 |
| molecular evaluation of orphan afghan common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) landraces collected by dr. kihara using single nucleotide polymorphic markers. | landraces are an important source of genetic diversity in common wheat, but archival collections of afghan wheat landraces remain poorly characterised. the recent development of array based marker systems, particularly single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers, provide an excellent tool for examining the genetic diversity of local populations. here we used snp analysis to demonstrate the importance of afghan wheat landraces and found tremendous genetic diversity and province-specific characte ... | 2014 | 25432399 |
| variation in ion leakage parameters of two wheat genotypes with different rht-b1 alleles in response to drought. | the reaction to soil drying was evaluated in two triticum aestivum near-isogenic lines carrying different alleles of the height-reducing gene rht-b1 based on an improved method for assessment of electrolyte leakage. the two lines were previously shown to differ in their physiological responses to induced water deficit stress. drought was imposed for 6 days on 10-day-old seedlings. ion efflux from leaves was measured conductometrically in multiple time points during the 24 h incubation period, an ... | 2014 | 25431405 |
| itraq-based quantitative proteome and phosphoprotein characterization reveals the central metabolism changes involved in wheat grain development. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is an economically important grain crop. two-dimensional gel-based approaches are limited by the low identification rate of proteins and lack of accurate protein quantitation. the recently developed isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (itraq) method allows sensitive and accurate protein quantification. here, we performed the first itraq-based quantitative proteome and phosphorylated proteins analyses during wheat grain development. | 2014 | 25427527 |
| wheat responses to sodium vary with potassium use efficiency of cultivars. | the role of varied sodium (na) supply in k nutrition of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is not well understood especially among cultivars differing in k efficiency. we examined the response of k-efficient and k-inefficient australian wheat cultivars to na supply (low to high na) under k-deficient and k-adequate conditions. in a pot experiment, wheat cvv wyalkatchem, cranbrook (k-efficient), and cvv gutha, gamenya (k-inefficient) were grown for 8 weeks in a sandy soil containing 40 or 100 mg k/kg in ... | 2014 | 25426133 |
| asymmetric epigenetic modification and elimination of rdna sequences by polyploidization in wheat. | rrna genes consist of long tandem repeats clustered on chromosomes, and their products are important functional components of the ribosome. in common wheat (triticum aestivum), rdna loci from the a and d genomes were largely lost during the evolutionary process. this biased dna elimination may be related to asymmetric transcription and epigenetic modifications caused by the polyploid formation. here, we observed both sets of parental nucleolus organizing regions (nors) were expressed after hybri ... | 2014 | 25415973 |
| chromosomal location and comparative genomics analysis of powdery mildew resistance gene pm51 in a putative wheat-thinopyrum ponticum introgression line. | powdery mildew (pm) is a very destructive disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). wheat-thinopyrum ponticum introgression line ch7086 was shown to possess powdery mildew resistance possibly originating from th. ponticum. genomic in situ hybridization and molecular characterization of the alien introgression failed to identify alien chromatin. to study the genetics of resistance, ch7086 was crossed with susceptible genotypes. segregation in f2 populations and f2:3 lines tested with chinese bgt r ... | 2014 | 25415194 |
| whole genome association mapping of plant height in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the genetic architecture of plant height was investigated in a set of 358 recent european winter wheat varieties plus 14 spring wheat varieties based on field data in eight environments. genotyping of diagnostic markers revealed the rht-d1b mutant allele in 58% of the investigated varieties, while the rht-b1b mutant was only present in 7% of the varieties. rht-d1 was significantly associated with plant height by using a mixed linear model and employing a kinship matrix to correct for population ... | 2014 | 25405621 |
| spatial and temporal variations of crop fertilization and soil fertility in the loess plateau in china from the 1970s to the 2000s. | increased fertilizer input in agricultural systems during the last few decades has resulted in large yield increases, but also in environmental problems. we used data from published papers and a soil testing and fertilization project in shaanxi province during the years 2005 to 2009 to analyze chemical fertilizer inputs and yields of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and maize (zea mays l.) on the farmers' level, and soil fertility change from the 1970s to the 2000s in the loess plateau in china. the ... | 2014 | 25380401 |
| fungicide effects on fungal community composition in the wheat phyllosphere. | the fungicides used to control diseases in cereal production can have adverse effects on non-target fungi, with possible consequences for plant health and productivity. this study examined fungicide effects on fungal communities on winter wheat leaves in two areas of sweden. high-throughput 454 sequencing of the fungal its2 region yielded 235 operational taxonomic units (otus) at the species level from the 18 fields studied. it was found that commonly used fungicides had moderate but significant ... | 2014 | 25369054 |
| the house mouse (mus musculus l.) exerts strong differential grain consumption preferences among hard red and white spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties in a single-elimination tournament design. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plays a central role in the health and nutrition of humans. yet, little is known about possible flavor differences among different varieties. we have developed a model system using the house mouse (mus musculus l.) to determine feeding preferences as a prelude to extending results to human sensory analysis. here, we examine the application of a single-elimination tournament design to the analysis of consumption preferences of a set of hard red and hard white spring w ... | 2014 | 25367372 |
| mapping qtl for the traits associated with heat tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | high temperature (heat) stress during grain filling is a major problem in most of the wheat growing areas. developing heat tolerant cultivars has become a principal breeding goal in the southern and central great plain areas of the usa. traits associated with high temperature tolerance can be used to develop heat tolerant cultivars in wheat. the present study was conducted to identify chromosomal regions associated with thylakoid membrane damage (tmd), plasmamembrane damage (pmd), and spad chlor ... | 2014 | 25384418 |
| comparative transcriptional profiling of two wheat genotypes, with contrasting levels of minerals in grains, shows expression differences during grain filling. | wheat is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. to identify the candidate genes for mineral accumulation, it is important to examine differential transcriptome between wheat genotypes, with contrasting levels of minerals in grains. a transcriptional comparison of developing grains was carried out between two wheat genotypes- triticum aestivum cv. wl711 (low grain mineral), and t. aestivum l. iitr26 (high grain mineral), using affymetrix genechip wheat genome array. the study identi ... | 2014 | 25364903 |
| isolation, chemical characterization, and free radical scavenging activity of phenolics from triticum aestivum l. aerial parts. | fourteen phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids) were isolated and 19 were identified in the aerial parts of triticum aestivum l. the structures of these compounds were established on the basis of the data obtained by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (esi-ms) and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) techniques. t. aestivum l. was found to be rich in flavones, especially in luteolin derivatives. three of the isolated compounds, including luteolin 6-c-[6glc″-o-e-caffeoyl-β-d-glucop ... | 2014 | 25356666 |
| extensive pericentric rearrangements in the bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotype "chinese spring" revealed from chromosome shotgun sequence data. | the bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotype "chinese spring" ("cs") is the reference base in wheat genetics and genomics. pericentric rearrangements in this genotype were systematically assessed by analyzing homoeoloci for a set of nonredundant genes from brachypodium distachyon, triticum urartu, and aegilops tauschii in the cs chromosome shotgun sequence obtained from individual chromosome arms flow-sorted from cs aneuploid lines. based on patterns of their homoeologous arm locations, 551 g ... | 2014 | 25349265 |
| flowering time control in european winter wheat. | flowering time is an important trait in wheat breeding as it affects adaptation and yield potential. the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic architecture of flowering time in european winter bread wheat cultivars. to this end a population of 410 winter wheat varieties was evaluated in multi-location field trials and genotyped by a genotyping-by-sequencing approach and candidate gene markers. our analyses revealed that the photoperiod regulator ppd-d1 is the major factor affecting fl ... | 2014 | 25346745 |
| evolutionary history of methyltransferase 1 genes in hexaploid wheat. | plant and animal methyltransferases are key enzymes involved in dna methylation at cytosine residues, required for gene expression control and genome stability. taking advantage of the new sequence surveys of the wheat genome recently released by the international wheat genome sequencing consortium, we identified and characterized met1 genes in the hexaploid wheat triticum aestivum (tamet1). | 2014 | 25342325 |
| the stripe rust resistance gene yr10 encodes an evolutionary-conserved and unique cc-nbs-lrr sequence in wheat. | the first seedling or all-stage resistance (r) r gene against stripe rust isolated from moro wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using a map-based cloning approach was identified as yr10. clone 4b of this gene encodes a highly evolutionary-conserved and unique cc-nbs-lrr sequence. clone 4e, a homolog of yr10, but lacking transcription start site (tss) and putative tata-box and caat-box, is likely a non-expressed pseudogene. clones 4b and 4e are 84% identical and divergent in the intron and the lrr doma ... | 2014 | 25336565 |
| a genome-wide identification of chromosomal regions determining nitrogen use efficiency components in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | this study identified 333 genomic regions associated to 28 traits related to nitrogen use efficiency in european winter wheat using genome-wide association in a 214-varieties panel experimented in eight environments. improving nitrogen use efficiency is a key factor to sustainably ensure global production increase. however, while high-throughput screening methods remain at a developmental stage, genetic progress may be mainly driven by marker-assisted selection. the objective of this study was t ... | 2014 | 25326179 |
| wheat-specific gene, ribosomal protein l21, used as the endogenous reference gene for qualitative and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection of transgenes. | wheat-specific ribosomal protein l21 (rpl21) is an endogenous reference gene suitable for genetically modified (gm) wheat identification. this taxon-specific rpl21 sequence displayed high homogeneity in different wheat varieties. southern blots revealed 1 or 3 copies, and sequence analyses showed one amplicon in common wheat. combined analyses with sequences from common wheat (aabbdd) and three diploid ancestral species, triticum urartu (aa), aegilops speltoides (bb), and aegilops tauschii (dd), ... | 2014 | 25325387 |
| mapping a region within the 1rs.1bl translocation in common wheat affecting grain yield and canopy water status. | this study identifies a small distal region of the 1rs chromosome from rye that has a positive impact on wheat yield. the translocation of the short arm of rye (secale cereale l.) chromosome one (1rs) onto wheat (triticum aestivum l.) chromosome 1b (1rs.1bl) is used in wheat breeding programs worldwide due to its positive effect on yield, particularly under abiotic stress. unfortunately, this translocation is associated with poor bread-making quality. to mitigate this problem, the 1rs arm was en ... | 2014 | 25322723 |
| the role of the f-box gene tafba1 from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in drought tolerance. | drought is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth and development. we identified a gene in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under drought stress named tafba1. tafba1 encodes a putative 325-amino-acid f-box protein with a conserved n-terminal f-box domain and a c-terminal amn1 domain. real-time rt-pcr analysis revealed that tafba1 transcript accumulation was upregulated by high-salinity, water stress, and abscisic acid (aba) treatment. to evaluate the functions of tafba1 in the regul ... | 2014 | 25299612 |
| molecular mapping of adult plant resistance to parastagonospora nodorum leaf blotch in bread wheat lines 'shanghai-3/catbird' and 'naxos'. | the field resistance to parastagonospora nodorum leaf blotch in sha3/cbrd is based on many genes with minor effects. parastagonospora nodorum leaf blotch is a severe wheat disease in norway and other regions with humid and rainy climate. it causes grain shriveling and reduced yield in years of epidemics. shanghai-3/catbird (sha3/cbrd), a cimmyt breeding line, was observed to be resistant to p. nodorum leaf blotch in the field. the objective of the current study was to map the genetic factors rel ... | 2014 | 25277822 |
| a study of the protective effect of triticum aestivum l. in an experimental animal model of chronic fatigue syndrome. | oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs). keeping in view the proven antioxidant activity of triticum aestivum l., this study has been undertaken to explore the potential therapeutic benefit of this plant in the treatment of cfs. | 2014 | 25276064 |
| molecular cloning, phylogenetic analysis, and expression profiling of endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperone bip genes from bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone binding protein (bip) is an important functional protein, which is involved in protein synthesis, folding assembly, and secretion. in order to study the role of bip in the process of wheat seed development, we cloned three bip homologous cdna sequences in bread wheat (triticum aestivum), completed by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race), and examined the expression of wheat bip in wheat tissues, particularly the relationship between bip expression and the s ... | 2014 | 25273817 |
| fertility of cms wheat is restored by two rf loci located on a recombined acrocentric chromosome. | cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) results from incompatibility between nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes, and is characterized by the inability to produce viable pollen. the restoration of male fertility generally involves the introgression of nuclear genes, termed restorers of fertility (rf). cms has been widely used for hybrid seed production in many crops but not in wheat, partly owing to the complex genetics of fertility restoration. in this study, an acrocentric chromosome that restores pollen ... | 2014 | 25271260 |
| a multi-step phosphorelay two-component system impacts on tolerance against dehydration stress in common wheat. | wheat is an important staple crop, and its productivity is severely constrained by drought stress (ds). an understanding of the molecular basis of drought tolerance is necessary for genetic improvement of wheat for tolerance to ds. the two-component system (tcs) serves as a common sensor-regulator coupling mechanism implicated in the regulation of diverse biological processes (including response to ds) not only in prokaryotes, but also in higher plants. in the latter, tcs generally consists of t ... | 2014 | 25228409 |