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[patterns of intraspecific variability in carp fishes of the dace subfamily: ecological factors and pathways of phenotypic transformation].the inverstigation of geographical and ecological variations of wide-spread species of daces allows to reveal regular patterns of phenotypic transformations with limited number of their possible ways. the set of characters involved and the directions of their changes are specific for both examined taxa and putative factors of subspeciation. two basic groups of evolutionary and ecological situations leading to the intensive intraspecific divergence are considered: living or spawning in brackish w ...201012395751
genetic control of glucosephosphate isomerase (gpi) in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).in common carp, a freshwater fish species of tetraploid origin, gpi enzymes are present in two variants: gpi-a and gpi-b. gpi-a is coded by two loci segregating for two (gpi-a 1*) and six (gpi-a2*) alleles. experimental crosses of the ornamental (koi) variety of common carp revealed that gpi-b is coded by only one locus (gpi-b*). another gpi-b* locus must have been silenced in the process of functional diploidization. it was also shown that the gpi-a2* locus segregated independently from the gpi ...201010994708
[effect of various methods of storage and heat processing on muscle lipids of the mirror carp]. 20104316751
[effect of prolonged cold storage and subsequent heat treatment on the fractional composition of fish muscle proteins].the effect of prolonged preservation at -18 degrees c and subsequent culinary heat treatment of the fractional composition of sarcoplasmatic and myofibrillar proteins in the muscles of mirror carp, pike and sheat-fish were studied by the method of gel-filtration on sephadex g-100. cold storage of the dish at -18 degrees c for 9 months was found to produce market changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of muscle proteins. after culinary heat treatment the finished products have lo ...2010883223
[visual projections in the forebrain of the carp cyprinus carpio].in the carp c. carpio, studies have been made on the evoked potentials (ep) in the-forebrain elicited by electrical stimulation of contralateral (with respect to the midbrain tectum) nerve. the most high-amplitude and short-latency ep were recorded in the rostro-lateral part of the forebrain at the depth of 1,000-1,500 mu. according to the topographical nomenclature of cyprinid telencephalon, this region corresponds to the area dorsalis telencephali pars lateralis, whereas according to classic c ...20101020557
[thermostability of isolated muscle tissue and antigenic properties of erythrocytes of some cultured varieties of the carp]. 20105981746
induced oogenesis of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) in freshwater condition.european eel is a catadromous fish species, which means that after living in freshwater premature individuals adapt to sea water, and migrate to the sargasso sea for spawning. although male eel can be sexually matured even in freshwater, to date, it was believed that female eel can be matured only in seawater. here we show that the process of sexual maturation may be induced in freshwater by treating female eels with carp pituitary (gsi = 9.87 ± 1.55%). it is thus proposed that seawater conditio ...201122119876
influence of temperature regime on endocrine parameters and vitellogenesis during experimental maturation of european eel (anguilla anguilla) females.we examined the effect of temperature in european silver eels during their maturation induced by injections of carp pituitary extract on endocrine parameters: pituitary fshβ and lhβ expression, plasma 17β-estradiol (e2) and vitellogenin, estrogen receptor 1 (esr1), and vitellogenin 2 (vtg2) expression in liver. a variable thermal regime (t10) that increased from 10° to 14° and 17°c was compared with a constant 20°c regime (t20) during 12 weeks. t10 caused a faster development until week 8, highe ...201121871894
mercury speciation in fish tissues from a mediterranean river basin: the tagus river (central spain) as a case study.an assessment of mercury (hg) accumulation in fish from the tagus river aquatic system (central spain), which has been influenced by pollution from industrial and urban development, was performed. total hg (thg), inorganic hg (ihg), and monomethylmercury (mmhg) were determined in muscle and liver of different fish species, including cyprinus carpio, ameiurus melas, and chondrostoma miegii, sampled from three locations. although concentrations of thg and hg species showed wide variability among t ...201121472454
efficacy of allicin in decreasing lead (pb) accumulation in selected tissues of lead-exposed common carp (cyprinus carpio).the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of allicin, the main biologically active component of garlic clove extracts, on lead levels in different common carp tissues including liver, kidney, brain, bone, and blood following experimental lead poisoning. fish were divided randomly into five groups depending on the combination of lead acetate and allicin treatments. lead acetate exposure (7.0 mgl(-1), 10 days) caused a significant increase in mean pb concentrations in all examined ti ...201120711682
ecotoxicological assessment of cobalt used as supplement in the diet of common carp cyprinus carpio.experiments were performed in the laboratory to determine if excess levels of co used as dietary supplement (0.0, 0.05, 0.10 and 1.0%) to enhance growth of the fish cyprinus carpio was safe for aquatic organisms. lethal concentrations of co for tadpole of toad bufo melanostictus (96 h lc(50), 17.2 mg/l), oligochaet worm branchiura sowerbyi (96 h lc(50), 179 mg/l) and crustacean zooplankton diaptomus forbesi (96 h lc(50), 1.5 mg/l) were compared with the concentration of co in the medium leached ...201121858707
isolation and characterization of major histocompatibility class iiβ genes in an endangered north american cyprinid fish, the rio grande silvery minnow (hybognathus amarus).the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) is a critical component of the adaptive immune response in vertebrates. due to the role that mhc plays in immunity, absence of variation within these genes may cause species to be vulnerable to emerging diseases. the freshwater fish family cyprinidae comprises the most diverse and species-rich group of freshwater fish in the world, but some are imperiled. despite considerable species richness and the long evolutionary history of the family, there are ve ...201121463692
meiobenthos provides a food resource for young cyprinids.young individuals of the bottom-biting (i.e. sediment-ingesting) common carp cyprinus carpio and gudgeon gobio gobio consumed significant amounts of nematodes in laboratory experiments, whereas the selective-feeding roach rutilus rutilus did not. in mesocosm enclosure experiments in the field, c. carpio strongly decreased the nematode abundance within 4 days, whereas the bottom-biting bream abramis brama did not affect the abundance until after 14 days. in controlled experiments with a known num ...201121235551
morphological and physiological studies of rod-driven horizontal cells with special reference to the question of whether they have axons and axon terminals.rod-driven (intermediate) horizontal cells were examined in the carp retina to determine whether they bear axons and axon terminals. these cells were injected with hrp after physiological identification of the response type; which consisted of a higher sensitivity to light and a slower response time course than cone-driven (external) horizontal cells, and spectral sensitivity peaking at 520 nm. the labeled cells were further identified morphologically by tracing their dendrites to rod photorecep ...20113819018
effect of relative immobilization on histochemical characteristics of various fibre types in myotomal muscle of the indian major carp (catla catla) fingerlings. 20113666828
development and characterization of two new cell lines from common carp, cyprinus carpio (linn).two new cell lines (ccf and cch) were established from fin and heart tissues of common carp, cyprinus carpio. the cells were optimally maintained in leibovitz-15 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (fbs) and 10 ng/ml of basic fibroblastic growth factor (bfgf). the effects of temperature, concentration of fbs and bfgf on the growth of ccf and cch cells were examined. the temperature ranged from 24 to 32 °c for good growth of the cells. the growth rate of cells was higher in medium con ...201121526264
somatic mutagenesis with a sleeping beauty transposon system leads to solid tumor formation in zebrafish.large-scale sequencing of human cancer genomes and mouse transposon-induced tumors has identified a vast number of genes mutated in different cancers. one of the outstanding challenges in this field is to determine which genes, when mutated, contribute to cellular transformation and tumor progression. to identify new and conserved genes that drive tumorigenesis we have developed a novel cancer model in a distantly related vertebrate species, the zebrafish, danio rerio. the sleeping beauty (sb) t ...201121533036
the influence of douchi starter cultures on the composition of extractive components, microbiological activity, and sensory properties of fermented fish pastes.three experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that douchi cultures could serve as a potential starter for enhancing the quality attributes of fermented silver carp meat. in experiment 1, an active, prefermented douchi culture was incorporated into a fish paste to aid in the fish fermentation (30 d) and facilitate biochemical production of extractive flavor components (prf). in experiment 2, a fully fermented (30 d) douchi was added to a fish paste and the mixture was fermented for 30 d ...201121535644
a protocol for the evaluation of genotoxicity in bile of carp (cyprinus carpio) exposed to lake water treated with different disinfectants.a sensitive and rapid method to evaluate toxic and genotoxic properties of drinking water supplied from lake trasimeno (umbria, central italy) was worked out analysing bile in cyprinus carpio exposed for 20d to lake water treated with 3 different disinfectants, sodium hypochlorite (naclo), chlorine dioxide (clo(2)) and peracetic acid (paa). fish were sacrificed at 0, 10 and 20d in order to investigate the time course of these endpoints. an aliquot of bile samples was fractionated by adsorption o ...201121546055
a cross-sectional investigation of chronic exposure to microcystin in relationship to childhood liver damage in the three gorges reservoir region, china.background: microcystin-producing microcystis bloom is a severe water problem in the world. some reports indicate that chronic exposure to microcystin may result in liver damage in adults, but information on effects in children is limited. objective: to investigate the relationship between microcystin exposure and liver damage in children. methods: we measured microcystin concentrations in drinking water and aquatic food (carp and duck) from 2 lakes and 4 wells. participants were 1322 children a ...201121561830
myomegalin is a novel a-kinase anchoring protein involved in the phosphorylation of cardiac myosin binding protein c.abstract:201121569246
myxobolus harikensis sp. nov. (myxozoa: myxobolidae) infecting fins of cirrhina mrigala (ham.)-an indian major carp in harike wetland, punjab (india).during a study of myxosporean parasites of freshwater fishes of punjab wetlands, india, one new myxosporean species, myxobolus harikensis sp. nov. was recorded from the caudal fin of cirrhina mrigala (ham.) (cypriniformes: cyprinidae). plasmodia are small, white, spherical-to-rounded and are present on the caudal fin (in between the fin rays) having two to five spores per plasmodium. spores of m. harikensis measure 10.1 × 8.5 μm in size, pyriform in valvular view and lenticular in sutural view p ...201121584631
determination of heavy metals and metals levels in five fish species from işıklı dam lake and karacaören dam lake (turkey).the concentrations of heavy metals and metals (zn, pb, bi, cd, ni, co, fe, mn, mg, cu, cr, ca, sr, na, li, k) were measured in muscle of five species cyprinus carpio (from işıklı dam), scardinius erythrophthalmus (from işıklı dam), tinca tinca (from işıklı dam), c. carpio (from karacaören dam), carassius carassius (from karacaören dam) caught from işıklı and karacaören. the highest metal was na (466.95 μg/g) in c. carassius, while the lowest levels were fe (0.37 μg/g) and cu (0.37 μg/g) in c. ca ...201121584758
curcumin suppresses growth of mesothelioma cells in vitro and in vivo, in part, by stimulating apoptosis.malignant pleural mesothelioma (mpm) is an aggressive, asbestos-related malignancy of the thoracic pleura. although, platinum-based agents are the first line of therapy, there is an urgent need for second-line therapies to treat the drug-resistant mpm. cell cycle as well as apoptosis pathways are frequently altered in mpm and thus remain attractive targets for intervention strategies. curcumin, the major component in the spice turmeric, alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutics has be ...201121594647
pathophysiology of experimental aeromonas hydrophila infection in puntius sarana: early changes in blood and aspects of the innate immune-related gene expression in survivors.a decline in production of puntius sarana worldwide and subsequent intensification of its culture as a measure for conservation and increase food fish production have led to emergence of diseases. investigations on innate immunological changes in fish that survives an acute bacterial infection are a few or lacking. an attempt was made to study the detailed changes in innate immune responses in p. sarana following an intraperitoneal challenge with aeromonas hydrophila at 2.24×10(7)colony-forming ...201121640390
patterns of mercury and methylmercury bioaccumulation in fish species downstream of a long-term mercury-contaminated site in the lower ebro river (ne spain).since the 19th century, large amounts of industrial waste were dumped in a reservoir adjacent to a chlor-alkali plant in the lower ebro river (ne spain). previous toxicological analysis of carp populations inhabiting the surveyed area have shown that the highest biological impact attributable to mercury pollution occurred downstream of the discharge site. however, mercury speciation in fish from this polluted area has not been addressed yet. thus, in the present study, piscivorous european catfi ...201121663932
evaluation of dna damage in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) by comet assay for determination of possible pollution in lake mogan (ankara).contamination of the aquatic environment with various concentrations of pollutants results in unexpected threats to humans and wildlife. the consequences of exposure and metabolism of pollutants/xenobiotics, especially carcinogens and mutagens, can be suitably assessed by investigating severe events, such as dna damage; for example, dna adducts and dna strand breaks. one of the commonly used techniques to detect dna damage in aquatic organisms is single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). th ...201121805014
inhibition of cyp450 1a and 3a by berberine in crucian carp carassius auratus gibelio.berberine has long been considered as an antibiotic candidate in aquaculture. however, studies regarding its effects on drug-metabolizing enzymes in fish are still limited. in the present study, the effects of berberine on cytochrome p4501a (cyp1a) and cyp3a in crucian carp were investigated. injection of different concentrations of berberine (0, 5, 25, 50, and 100mg/kg) inhibited the cyp1a mrna expression, thereby inhibiting further the catalytic activity of cyp1a-related ethoxyresorufin-o-deet ...201121802525
levels of pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs in selected foods and estimated dietary intake for the local residents of luqiao and yuhang in zhejiang, china.polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (pcdd/fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-pcbs) were measured by high resolution gas chromatograph/high resolution mass spectrometer (hrgc/hrms) in six food groups from luqiao (lq) where the e-waste has been recycled and from yuhang (yh) where the agriculture dominates in zhejiang province in china. the total who-teq values of pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs in selected foods from lq were significantly much higher than those from yh. the highest level o ...201121788061
assessment of seasonal and sex-related variability of biomarkers in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) from karakaya dam lake, turkey.this study examines seasonal changes in the activities of selected biomarkers in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) from karakaya dam lake and evaluates the influence of gender and environmental factors on those activities. physicochemical characteristics of water were evaluated in the lakewater. fish were sampled on seasonal basis, and liver ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod), glutathione-s-transferase, glutathione reductase, plasma lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, and bra ...201121787704
effects of dietary ß-1,3-glucan, chitosan or raffinose on the growth, innate immunity and resistance of koi (cyprinus carpio koi).this study was performed to determine the efficacy of three immunomodulators viz., ß-1,3 glucan, chitosan and raffinose on the innate immune response of koi, cyprinus carpio koi. kois were divided into 4 groups and each group was fed with diets supplemented with or without immunostimulant for 56 days. total leukocyte counts (wbc), the non-specific humoral (lysozyme, alternative complement pathway and superoxide dismutase) and cellular (phagocytic capacity and respiratory burst activity) response ...201121784160
inhibition of atpase activity in the freshwater fish labeo rohita (hamilton) exposed to sodium cyanide.present study concerns the effect of sodium cyanide on the indian major carp, labeo rohita. fishes were exposed to lethal (0.32?mg/l) and sublethal (0.064?mg/l) concentrations of sodium cyanide. the effect of intoxication was studied on na(+)k(+)atpase, mg(+2)atpase and ca(2+)atpase in various physiological tissues (gill, liver, and muscle) at the end of 1, 2, 3 and 4 days of lethal and 5, 10 and 15 days of sublethal exposure periods. sodium cyanide induced significant inhibitory effects on the ...201121777177
steric factors moderate conformational fluidity and contribute to the high proton sensitivity of root effect hemoglobins.the structural basis of the extreme ph dependence of oxygen binding to root effect hbs is a long-standing puzzle in the field of protein chemistry. a previously unappreciated role of steric factors in the root effect was revealed by a comparison of ph effects on oxygenation and oxidation processes in human hb relative to spot (leiostomus xanthurus) and carp (cyprinodon carpio) hbs. the root effect confers five-fold increased ph sensitivity to oxygenation of spot and carp hbs relative to hb a(0) ...201121745602
molecular characterization of mhc class i and beta-2 microglobulin in a clonal strain of ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii.clonal ginbuna crucian carp is, a naturally gynogenetic fish, and is a useful model animal for studying t-cell-mediated immunity. to gain molecular information on mhc class i molecules from this species, we have identified four types of mhc class i (caauua-s3n, caauuf-s3n, caauze-s3n, and caauzb-s3n) and five beta 2-microglobulin (+¦(2)m) (caau+¦2m-1a, caau+¦2m-1b, caau+¦2m-2, caau+¦2m-3a and caau+¦2m-3b) by an expressed sequence tag (est) analysis and using homology cloning with degenerated pri ...201121689760
modulation in the protein metabolism by subacute sodium cyanide intoxication in the freshwater fish, labeo rohita (hamilton).the effects of exposure to one-third and one-fifth sublethal concentrations (0.106 and 0.064ôçëmg/l) of sodium cyanide on protein metabolism on freshwater carp, labeo rohita, was studied. three functionally different tissues, namely, the liver, muscle, and gills, were studied after 5, 10, and 15 days. exposures produced marked changes in protein metabolic profile in all tissues studied. these changes were more pronounced in the one-third sublethal concentration, suggesting a cumulative action of ...201121830916
heavy metals and arsenic concentrations in ten fish species from the +áalek lakes (slovenia): assessment of potential human health risk due to fish consumption.the study, which measured the concentrations of hg, pb, cd, zn and as in various fish tissues (muscle, gill and liver) of 10 fish species (abramis brama danubii, alburnus alburnus alburnus, barbus meridionalis petenyi, carassius auratius gibelio, cyprinus carpio, lepomis gibossus, leuciscius cephalus cephalus, perca fluviatilis fluviatilis, rutilus rutilus, scardinus erythrophtlalmus erythrophtlalmus) collected in the +áalek lakes, is the first survey regarding metal concentrations in fish speci ...201121713497
construction and analysis of liver suppression subtractive hybridization library of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) intraperitoneally injected with microcystin-lr.microcystin-lr (mc-lr) is the most frequently studied cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin produced by cyanobacteria. the toxin accumulates rapidly in the liver where it exerts most of its damage, but the molecular mechanisms behind its toxicity remain unclear. here, suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) was used to identify alterations in gene transcription of the silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) after exposure to mc-lr. after hybridization and cloning, the forward and reverse subtrac ...201121718658
nationwide cyprinid herpesvirus 3 contamination in natural rivers of japan.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) disease is a significant threat for common and koi carp cultivators and for freshwater ecosystems. to determine the prevalence of cyhv-3 in japanese rivers, a nationwide survey of all national class-a rivers was undertaken in the summer of 2008. the virus was concentrated from river water samples using the cation-coated filter method. cyhv-3 dna was detected in 90 rivers, representing 90% of 103 successfully analysed rivers. more than 100,000 copies of cyhv-3 dna ...201121723573
koi herpesvirus epizootic in cultured carp and koi, cyprinus carpio l., in taiwan.koi herpesvirus (khv) poses a significant threat to cultured koi and common carp, both cyprinus carpio l. since the first reported case in israel in 1998, khv has rapidly spread worldwide. this study investigates the spread of khv to taiwan by collecting 49 cases of suspected common carp and koi infections from 2003 to 2005 for analysis. clinical signs included lethargy, anorexia, increased respiratory movements and uncoordinated swimming. hyperaemia, haemorrhage on body surface and necrotic gil ...201121675996
effects of a prebiotic, immunogen(-«) , on feed utilization, body composition, immunity and resistance to aeromonas hydrophila infection in the common carp cyprinus carpio (linnaeus) fingerlings.this study evaluated the effects of a commercial prebiotic, immunogen, on feed utilization, growth rate, immunity promotion and carcass composition of the common carp cyprinus carpio fingerlings. the fingerlings were adopted for 2ôçâweeks and then reared in triplicate groups in 250-l tanks (nôçâ=ôçâ15 per tank with average initial weights of 11.12ôçâ-¦ôçâ0.55ôçâg). the fish fed on five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets containing different levels of immunogen (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and ...201121707781
antibody recognition of the glycoprotein g of viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) purified in large amounts from insect larvae.abstract:201121693048
[role of aeromonas in the monitoring of a hydroecosystem in the volga-caspian area].the paper gives data obtained over many years on the quantity of bacteria of the genus aeromonas in the hydroecosystems of the delta of the volga and caspian sea and in commercial fishes (sturgeon (acipenseridae), pike perch (stizostedion), carp (cyprinus carpio), silurus (silurus glanis), etc.). it provides a detailed analysis of their seasonal trends and spatial distribution, markers of their pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance. the findings suggest that aeromonas is a causative agent of ...201121842729
protection against atypical aeromonas salmonicida infection in common carp, cyprinus carpio l., by oral administration of a mixed microbial culture of lactobacillus paracasei, pichia membranifaciens and saccharomyces cereviciae.a microbial culture was prepared by co-cultivation of lactobacillus paracasei, pichia membranifaciens and saccharomyces cereviciae for 48 hr at 30 c in rice bran extract medium, supplemented with dextrose. oral administration of the resulting non-viable heat-inactivated microbial culture to common carp, cyprinus carpio l., delivered in feed for four weeks, induced effective protection against experimental atypical aeromonas salmonicida infection which causes "ulcer disease". after challenge of t ...201121685718
effects of enrofloxacin on cytochromes p4501a and p4503a in carassius auratus gibelio (crucian carp).hu, x., li, x.-c., sun, b.-b., fang, w.-h., zhou, s., hu, l.-l., zhou, j.-f. effects of enrofloxacin on cytochromes p4501a and p4503a in carassius auratus gibelio (crucian carp). j. vet. pharmacol. therap. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01318.x. currently, although enrofloxacin (ef) as a widely used veterinary medicine has begun to apply to treating fish bacterial infections, the researches on the effects of ef on their main drug metabolic enzymes are limited. to investigate the effects of ef on ...201121726236
characterization of a new cell line from caudal fin of koi, cyprinus carpio koi, and first isolation of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in china.a new continuous cell line (kcf-1) from caudal fin of koi, cyprinus carpio koi, was developed and sub-cultured more than 100 passages since the present study was initiated in march 2006. kcf-1 predominantly consisted of short fibroblast-like cells and grew well in dulbecco's modified eagle medium (dmem) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (fbs). chromosome analysis revealed that 56% of the kcf-1 cells maintained normal diploid chromosome number (2n=100) at passage 82. using the kcf-1 cell l ...201121839788
preparation and evaluation of oleoyl-carboxymethy-chitosan (ocmcs) nanoparticles as oral protein carriers.oleoyl-carboxymethy chitosan (ocmcs) nanoparticles based on chitosan with different molecular weights (50, 170 and 820 kda) were prepared by self-assembled method. the nanoparticles had spherical shape, positive surface charges and the mean diameters were 157.4, 274.1 and 396.7 nm, respectively. fitc-labeled ocmcs nanoparticles were internalized via the intestinal mucosa and observed in liver, spleen, intestine and heart following oral deliverance to carps (cyprinus carpio). extracellular produc ...201122139537
Antagonists of anaphase-promoting complex (APC)-2-cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein (CARP)-1 interaction are novel regulators of cell growth and apoptosis.CARP-1/CCAR1, a perinuclear phosphoprotein, is a regulator of cell growth and apoptosis signaling. Although CARP-1 is a regulator of chemotherapy-dependent apoptosis, it is also a part of the NF-?B proteome and a co-activator of steroid/thyroid nuclear receptors as well as ß-catenin signaling. Our yeast two-hybrid screen revealed CARP-1 binding with the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome E3 ubiquitin ligase component APC-2 protein. CARP-1 also binds with anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome co ...201121903591
factors influencing fatty acid composition of common carp (cyprinus carpio) muscle.there is evidence that n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 hufa), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic acid (dha), are beneficial for human health, especially for the cardiovascular system. the sources of n-3 hufa, including epa and dha, are scarce in diet consumed by the czech population. thus, it would be beneficial to generally increase fish consumption and also to increase the content of the beneficial fatty acids (fa) in locally produced fish and other products. th ...201122101873
establishment and characterization of a new cell line derived from kidney of grouper, epinephelus akaara (temminck & schlegel), susceptible to singapore grouper iridovirus (sgiv).a marine fish cell line derived from the kidney of red-spotted grouper, epinephelus akaara, designated as eagk was established and characterized. the eagk cells multiplied well in leibovitz's l-15 medium containing 10% foetal bovine serum at 25ôçâ-¦c and have been subcultured for more than 90 passages. karyotyping, chromosomal typing and ribosomal rna (rrna) genotyping analysis revealed that eagk had a modal diploid chromosome number of 82 and was a fibroblast cell line originated from grouper. ...201121838711
3d modeling and molecular dynamics simulation of an immune-regulatory cytokine, interleukin-10, from the indian major carp, catla catla.interleukin-10 (il-10) is a pleiotropic immune-regulatory cytokine that is expressed in various species of fish and higher vertebrates, and is activated during infection. in spite of its important role, il-10 has not been well characterized either functionally or structurally in fish. to analyze its properties and function, we constructed a 3d model of il-10 in the indian major carp, the catla (catla catla), which is a highly preferred fish species and the most commercially important one in the ...201121830101
skin mucus of cyprinus carpio inhibits cyprinid herpesvirus 3 binding to epidermal cells.abstract: cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is the aetiological agent of a mortal and highly contagious disease in common and koi carp. the skin is the major portal of entry of cyhv-3 in carp after immersion in water containing the virus. in the present study, we used in vivo bioluminescence imaging to investigate the effect of skin mucus removal and skin epidermis lesion on cyhv-3 entry. physical treatments inducing removal of the mucus up to complete erosion of the epidermis were applied on a de ...201121816061
investigation of cyprinid herpesvirus-3 genetic diversity by a multi-locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis.cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (cyhv-3), or koi herpesvirus (khv), is responsible for high mortalities in aquaculture of both common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) and koi carp (cyprinus carpio koi) worldwide. the complete genomes of three cyhv-3 isolates showed more than 99% of dna sequence identity, with the majority of differences located in short tandem repeats, also called vntr (variable number of tandem repeats). by targeting these variations, eight loci were selected for genotyping cyhv-3 by multi ...201121392536
selection for improved resistance to aeromonas hydrophila in indian major carp labeo rohita: survival and innate immune responses in first generation of resistant and susceptible lines.selection for disease resistance in fish may be performed directly on basis of survival data obtained in controlled challenge trials, or indirectly using information from immunological or molecular markers linked to differential survival. in the present study, several key innate immune parameters were measured in aeromoniasis resistant and susceptible lines of rohu labeo rohita to assess their suitability as immune markers for use in indirect selection for increased resistance. experimental infe ...201121712094
effect of dietary arginine on growth, intestinal enzyme activities and gene expression in muscle, hepatopancreas and intestine of juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian).the present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary arginine promotes digestion and absorption capacity, and, thus, enhances fish growth. this improvement might be related to the target of rapamycin (tor) and eif4e-binding protein (4e-bp). a total of 1200 juvenile jian carp, cyprinus carpio var. jian, with an average initial weight of 6·33 (se 0·03) g, were fed with diets containing graded concentrations of arginine, namely, 9·8 (control), 12·7, 16·1, 18·5, 21·9 and 24·5 g argini ...201122013925
tetrodotoxin sensitivity of the vertebrate cardiac na+ current.evolutionary origin and physiological significance of the tetrodotoxin (ttx) resistance of the vertebrate cardiac na(+) current (i(na)) is still unresolved. to this end, ttx sensitivity of the cardiac i(na) was examined in cardiac myocytes of a cyclostome (lamprey), three teleost fishes (crucian carp, burbot and rainbow trout), a clawed frog, a snake (viper) and a bird (quail). in lamprey, teleost fishes, frog and bird the cardiac i(na) was highly ttx-sensitive with ec(50)-values between 1.4 and ...201122163193
multi-tasking role of the mechanosensing protein ankrd2 in the signaling network of striated muscle.ankrd2 (also known as arpp) together with ankrd1/carp and darp are members of the marp mechanosensing proteins that form a complex with titin (n2a)/calpain 3 protease/myopalladin. in muscle, ankrd2 is located in the i-band of the sarcomere and moves to the nucleus of adjacent myofibers on muscle injury. in myoblasts it is predominantly in the nucleus and on differentiation shifts from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. in agreement with its role as a sensor it interacts both with sarcomeric proteins ...201122016770
evaluation and comparison of the species-specificity of 3 antiparvalbumin igg antibodies.parvalbumin is a pan-allergen in fish and frogs that triggers ige-mediated reactions in fish-allergic individuals. previous studies demonstrated that antibodies raised against fish and frog parvalbumins displayed varying specificity for different fish species, and thus, the applicability of these antibodies for potential use in immunoassays to detect fish residues were limited. we aimed to determine the specificity of 3 igg antibodies for various fish species. indirect enzyme-linked immunosorben ...201121999209
Molecular characterization of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), analysis of its inductive expression and associated down-stream signaling molecules following ligands exposure and bacterial infection in the Indian major carp, rohu (Labeo rohita).Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the key components of innate immunity. Among various TLR types, TLR2 is involved in recognizing specific microbial structures such as peptidoglycan (PGN), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), zymosan etc., and after binding them it triggers myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)-dependent signaling pathway to induce various cytokines. In this report, TLR2 gene was cloned and characterized in rohu (Labeo rohita), which is highly commercially important f ...201122173272
Molecular characterization of Atractolytocestus sagittatus (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), monozoic parasite of common carp, and its differentiation from the invasive species Atractolytocestus huronensis.Sequence structure of complete internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA region and partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene sequences were studied in the monozoic tapeworm Atractolytocestus sagittatus (Kulakovskaya et Akhmerov, 1965) (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), a parasite of common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio L.). Intraindividual sequence diversity was observed in both ribosomal spacers. In ITS1, a total number of 19 recombinant clones yiel ...201121987104
Potential of carotenoids in aquatic yeasts as a phylogenetically reliable marker and natural colorant for aquaculture.Apart from Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous, pink colony-forming yeasts have not been examined as a pigmentation source in captive animals. In this study, aquatic yeasts were screened with a view to abundances of carotenoids. Phylogenetic analyses of these caroetnoid-rich yeasts based on large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU rDNA) partial sequences showed that all belonged to the order Sporidiobolales. Both the qualitative and the quantitative differences in carotenoids between the yeasts appeared ...201121897034
Social Defeat during Adolescence and Adulthood Differentially Induce BDNF-Regulated Immediate Early Genes.Stressful life events generally enhance the vulnerability for the development of human psychopathologies such as anxiety disorders and depression. The incidence rates of adult mental disorders steeply rises during adolescence in parallel with a structural and functional reorganization of the neural circuitry underlying stress reactivity. However, the mechanisms underlying susceptibility to stress and manifestation of mental disorders during adolescence are little understood. We hypothesized that ...201122065953
marine and farmed fish on the polish market: comparison of the nutritive value and human exposure to pcdd/fs and other contaminants.chemical analyses were performed in nine fish species that are popular on the polish market. these included baltic fish (cod, herring, salmon), fish farmed in poland (carp, trout), marine fish imported from china (alaska pollock, sole), and farmed fish imported from vietnam and china (sutchi catfish, tilapia). the nutritional composition (amino acid, micro- and macronutrients, fat-soluble vitamins - a(1), d(3), e) and certain contaminants (organochlorine pesticides, ocps; indicator polychlorinat ...201122014661
classical and molecular cytogenetics of khawia sinensis (cestoda: caryophyllidea), invasive parasite of carp, cyprinus carpio.chromosomes of the invasive tapeworm khawia sinensis (caryophyllidea), the specific parasite of common carp, were analyzed by means of conventional giemsa staining and using fluorescent dapi and yoyo-1 dyes, silver staining, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) with 18s rdna probe. the karyotype is composed of eight pairs of metacentric and telocentric chromosomes (2n = 16, n = 3m + 5t, tcl = 42.54 μm). constitutive heterochromatin was located at pericentromeric regions of all pairs, exc ...201122167367
genetic diversity of perch rhabdoviruses isolates based on the nucleoprotein and glycoprotein genes.despite the increasing impact of rhabdoviruses in european percid farming, the diversity of the viral populations is still poorly investigated. to address this issue, we sequenced the partial nucleoprotein (n) and complete glycoprotein (g) genes of nine rhabdoviruses isolated from perch (perca fluviatilis) between 1999 and 2010, mostly from france, and analyzed six of them by immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat). using two rabbit antisera raised against either the reference perch rhabdovirus ...201121927897
reservoirs of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) dna in sediments of natural lakes and ponds.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is a lethal dna virus that infects common carp and koi. it has caused outbreak of the disease within both aquaculture and natural environmental ecosystems. however, there is not enough understanding of the distribution of cyhv-3 in the natural environments, partly because there is no suitable quantification method. in this study, we tested cyhv-3 extraction methods from sediment and then compared its abundance between sediment and water using real-time pcr. sedime ...201121983526
enzymatic activity and flavor compound production in fermented silver carp fish paste inoculated with douchi starter culture.silver carp fish pastes inoculated with or without a douchi starter culture containing live aspergillus oryzae were fermented for 30 days to produce two different fermented products, designated as culf and conf, respectively. protein degradation and flavor compound production during the course of fermentation were monitored. proteolytic activity, generally higher in culf than in conf (p < 0.05) and dominated by acidic and serine proteases, declined to an overall minimum after 30 days. myosin in ...201122148721
development and validation of a reverse transcription quantitative pcr for universal detection of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus.viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) infects over 70 fish species inhabiting marine, brackish or freshwater environments throughout the northern hemisphere. over its geographic range, 4 vhsv genotypes and multiple subtypes exist. here, we describe the development and validation of a rapid, sensitive and specific real-time reverse transcription quantitative pcr assay (rt-qpcr) that amplifies sequence from representative isolates of all vhsv genotypes (i, ii, iii and iv). the pan-specific vhs ...201121848118
[the influence of insulin on contamination of the common carp cyprinus carpio by the monogenetic fluke dactylogyrus vastator].the influence of insulin on the contamination of the carp cyprinus carpio with the monogenetic fluke dactylogyrus vastator is studied. fishes reacted to the introduction of the hormon by the decrease in the degree of intensity of infection and by the increase in the number of lifeless parasites on gills, by contrast to control fishes and fishes processed with stress hormones (adrenaline and cortisol). we assume that the decrease in the abundance index in live monogenetic fluke and the increase i ...201122141253
an assessment of androgenic/anti-androgenic effects of gh transgenic carp by hershberger assay.to evaluate the androgenic and anti-androgenic effects of gh (growth hormone) transgenic carp in male rats.201122108335
[pilot study on the use of diode laser therapy for treatment of dermatitis in koi carp (cyprinus carpio)].objective: therapy of dermatitis in koi using a diode laser technique. material and methods: a diode laser with a wavelength of 980nm and an energy density of 9j/cm2 was used to treat defined skin alterations in ten koi carp. the clinical situation after repeated laser application was recorded. in addition, the diode laser was used for surgical removal of proliferative skin alterations caused by dermocystidium sp. in two koi ponds. results: an improvement of the clinical situation followi ...201122143586
impairment of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system and oxidative stress in liver of crucian carp (carassius auratus l.) exposed to microcystins.hepatotoxic microcystins (mcs) are produced by cyanobacteria in diverse water bodies and the pathophysiology includes induction of reactive oxygen species and adenosine triphosphate (atp) depletion in cells. in this study, we evaluated mcs induced changes in the oxidative phosphorylation (oxphos) system in mitochondria of crucian carp liver. fish were subdivided into two groups that were intraperitoneally injected with two doses of mcs (50 and 200 mc-lreq μg/kg bw) and were sacrificed at 1, 3, 1 ...201121913302
molecular evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of a highly pathogenic fish rhabdovirus, the spring viremia of carp virus (svcv).spring viremia of carp virus (svcv), which causes an acute hemorrhagic and highly contagious disease in cyprinids, was first described in europe and subsequently reported in parts of asia and north america. svcv can be classified into four genogroups: ia, ib, ic, and id. while ia and id have wide circulation and are reported to cause outbreaks in north america and europe, respectively, ib and ic were last reported in the 1980s. we used a bayesian framework to determine the nucleotide substitutio ...201122033044
ecotoxicological impacts of clofibric acid and diclofenac in common carp (cyprinus carpio) fingerlings: hematological, biochemical, ionoregulatory and enzymological responses.investigation on the toxic effects of pharmaceutical drugs namely clofibric acid (ca) and diclofenac (dcf) were studied in a common carp cyprinus carpio at different concentrations such as 1, 10 and 100 μg l(-1) for a short-term period of 96 h under static bioassay method. at all concentrations, red blood cell (rbc), plasma sodium (na(+)), potassium (k(+)), and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (got) levels were decreased in fish treated with ca and dcf. contrastingly, white blood cell (wbc), ...201121885190
Dietary supplementation with Cynodon dactylon (L.) enhances innate immunity and disease resistance of Indian major carp, Catla catla (Ham.).Indian major carp (Catla catla) was subjected to study the immunostimulatory effects when the grass Cynodon dactylon(L) ethanolic extract administrated as feed supplement. C. catla was fed with 0% (Control), 0.05% (group I), 0.5% (group II) and 5% (group III) extract provided for 60 days. Blood samples were collected at every 10 days of interval up to 60 days for analyzing the non-specific humoral (lysozyme activity, antiprotease activity and haemolytic complement) and cellular (production of re ...201121888977
induction of toll-like receptor (tlr) 2, and myd88-dependent tlr- signaling in response to ligand stimulation and bacterial infections in the indian major carp, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala).toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) is a member of tlr family. it recognizes a wide range of bacteria and their products, and is involved in inducing innate immune responses. in this article, we reported inductive expression of tlr2 and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (myd88)-dependent signaling in the indian major carp, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala) which is highly commercially important fish species in the indian subcontinent. ontogeny analysis of tlr2, myd88 and traf6 (tnf receptor asso ...201122207179
study of the effects of the casein derived bitter tastant on the melanophores in milieu with the melatonin receptors.the present study was undertaken to ascertain whether the casein derived bitter tastant cyclo (leu-trp) [clt] has an affinity or not for the particular receptors of the pineal hormone, melatonin, on the melanophores of a major carp labeo rohita (ham.). the bitter tastant clt, in the dose range of 3.34×10(-16) m to 3.34×10(-4) m, has induced an aggregatory effect but not in a dose dependent manner. binding of clt with the receptors may vary at different concentrations. denervation of the melanoph ...201121929292
Early intrauterine embryonic development in Khawia sinensis Hsü, 1935 (Cestoda, Caryophyllidea, Lytocestidae), an invasive tapeworm of carp (Cyprinus carpio): an ultrastructural study.Intrauterine embryonic development in the caryophyllidean tapeworm Khawia sinensis has been investigated using transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical staining with periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate for glycogen. Contrary to previous light microscopy findings that reported the release of non-embryonated eggs of K. sinenesis to the external environment, the present study documents various stages of embryonation (ovoviviparity) within the intrauterine eggs of this cestode ...201121894510
revision of khawia spp. (cestoda: caryophyllidea), parasites of cyprinid fish, including a key to their identification and molecular phylogeny.monozoic cestodes of the genus khawia hsü, 1935 (caryophyllidea: lytocestidae), parasites of cyprinid fish in europe, asia, africa and north america, are revised on the basis of taxonomic evaluation of extensive materials, including recently collected specimens of most species. this evaluation has made it possible to critically assess the validity of all 17 nominal species of the genus and to provide redescriptions of the following seven species considered to be valid: khawia sinensis hsü, 1935 ...201122053617
Impact of silicon-based quantum dots on the antioxidative system in white muscle of Carassius auratus gibelio.Silicon-based quantum dots were intraperitoneally injected in individuals of Carassius auratus gibelio. Their effects on white muscle were investigated by following their distribution and impact on the antioxidative system. The GSH level significantly increased after 1 and 3 days of exposure by, respectively, 85.3 and 25.4%. Seven days later, GSH levels were similar to control concentrations. MDA concentration rose after three days by 46.9% and remained at the same level after 7 days. Protein th ...201122139144
streptococcus agalactiae, an emerging pathogen for cultured ya-fish, schizothorax prenanti, in china.streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus) has emerged as an important pathogen that affects humans and animals, including aquatic species. s. agalactiae infections are becoming an increasing problem in aquaculture and have been reported worldwide in a variety of fish species, especially those living in warm water. recently, a very serious infectious disease of unknown aetiology broke out in ya-fish (schizothorax prenanti) farms in sichuan province. a gram-positive, chain-forming coccus wa ...201122146014
comparison of the protective effects of antioxidant compounds in the liver and kidney of cd- and cr-exposed common carp.the aim of this study was to see whether the taurine (tau), alpha-lipoic acid (la), curcumin (cur), and n-acetylcysteine (nac) protection against oxidative stress caused by heavy metals is owed to the metal-decreasing or antioxidative effect. in this context, liver and kidney tissues of common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio l.) were exposed in vivo to model toxicants cadmium (cd) and chromium (cr). the tissues were dissected 96 h after intraperitoneal injection of the metals and antioxidant substa ...201121987389
dose dependence specific and non-specific immune responses of indian major carp (l. rohita ham) to intraperitoneal injection of formalin killed aeromonas hydrophila whole cell vaccine.specific and non-specific immune response to different doses of formalin killed whole cell vaccine of aeromonas hydrophila to indian major carp (labeo rohita) was evaluated in laboratory condition. three different doses (10(5) cfu/ml, 10(7) cfu/ml, 10(10) cfu/ml) were administered (0.2 ml/fish) intraperitoneally for 1 month. among the three doses, 10(10) cfu/ml elicited the highest antibody and protective response followed by the doses 10(7) cfu/ml and 10(5) cfu/ml. upon challenge with the virul ...201121901335
establishment, characterization and viral susceptibility of a new cell line derived from goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), tail fin.a continuous cell line [goldfish tail fin (gftf)] derived from a goldfish tail fin, carassius auratus, was established and characterized. gftf cells predominantly consist of fibroblast-like cells that were maintained and subcultured more than 50 times over a period of 15 months. cells grew at temperatures between 15 and 37°c, with an optimum temperature of 25°c. the growth rate of gftf cells increased proportionally with the foetal bovine serum (fbs) concentration (5-20%), with optimum growth at ...201121916901
efficacy of quinine against ichthyophthiriasis in common carp cyprinus carpio.ichthyophthiriasis, caused by ichthyophthirius multifiliis, is an economically important worldwide parasitic disease that infects all freshwater fish. since the banning of malachite green for use in food fish, there has been a great need for alternative therapeutants. the goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of quinine against i. multifiliis. parasite developmental stages from our laboratory-established life cycle in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss were exposed to quinine in vitr ...201121932533
pathological and ecological host consequences of infection by an introduced fish parasite.the infection consequences of the introduced cestode fish parasite bothriocephalus acheilognathi were studied in a cohort of wild, young-of-the-year common carp cyprinus carpio that lacked co-evolution with the parasite. within the cohort, parasite prevalence was 42% and parasite burdens were up to 12% body weight. pathological changes within the intestinal tract of parasitized carp included distension of the gut wall, epithelial compression and degeneration, pressure necrosis and varied inflamm ...201122022606
The alloherpesviral counterparts of interleukin 10 in European eel and common carp.Viral interleukin 10 (IL-10) like open reading frames have been identified in several pox- and herpesviruses, including the fish herpesviruses Anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AngHV-1) and Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3). European eel (Anguilla anguilla) IL-10 was sequenced, in order to compare European eel and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) IL-10 with their alloherpesviral counterparts. Homology between the virus and host IL-10 amino acid sequences is low, which is confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. Ho ...201121907290
Antioxidant effect of propolis against exposure to chromium in Cyprinus carpio.The aim of the present study was to investigate the ameliorative properties of propolis against the toxic effects of chromium (VI) by examining oxidative damage markers such as lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant defence system components in carp (Cyprinus carpio). The fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of chromium. Propolis was simultaneously administered to chromium-exposed fish. Treatment was continued for 28 days, and at the end of this period, blood and tissue (liver, kidney, ...201122052654
Antiviral protection mechanisms mediated by ginbuna crucian carp interferon gamma isoforms 1 and 2 through two distinct interferon gamma-receptors.Fish genomes possess three type II interferon (IFN) genes, ifn?1, ifn?2 and ifn?-related (ifn?rel). The IFN?-dependent STAT signalling pathway found in humans and mice had not been characterized in fish previously. To identify the antiviral functions and signalling pathways of the type II IFN system in fish, we purified the ifn?1, ifn?2 and ifn?rel proteins of ginbuna crucian carp expressed in bacteria and found them to elicit high antiviral activities against crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis ...201121903635
consequent effects of the great cormorant (phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) predation on parasite infection and body condition of common carp (cyprinus carpio).lesions ranging from surface wounds to deep tissue wounds caused by cormorant predation were observed on several species of the farmed fish in pohořelice, czech republic. two-year-old stocked common carp cyprinus carpio harvested in late march were examined for ectoparasites and endoparasites, injuries extent, and lysozyme concentration in skin mucus. additionally, three body condition indices were measured. endoparasite infection occurred only scarcely. wounded fish were more susceptible to the ...201121979786
[slow potentials of the olfactory bulb in the carp].the slow negative potentials evoked in carp olfactory bulb (ob) by some odorants and slow positive potentials evoked by nonspecific irritation (water stream, nacl solutions) of olfactory epithelium have been studied. the slow potentials of both types were not inverted in deep layers of ob and were resistant to blockade of synaptic transmission by manganese ions. the negative slow potentials were not also affected by hypoxia and associated with local increase of ob tissue resistance. positive slo ...20113196780
characterization of the alternative complement pathway of carp. 20113133256
urotensin i-like immunoreactivity in amacrine cells of the goldfish retina.urotensin i-like immunoreactivity (uili), in different localization from that of corticotropin releasing factor-like immunoreactivity (crfli), in the goldfish retina has been demonstrated by means of radioimmunoassay, high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and immunohistochemistry. radioimmunoassay showed 350 +/- 40 pg/mg prot. of uili in goldfish retina extracts. the immunoreactive material present in the retina was also characterized by reversed phase hplc. some of the uili co-eluted wi ...20113295600
Myo-inositol prevents copper-induced oxidative damage and changes in antioxidant capacity in various organs and the enterocytes of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian).Although oxidative stress has been demonstrated to be involved in copper (Cu)-induced toxicity, information regarding the effect of antioxidants on Cu toxicity is still scarce. This study assessed the possible protective effects of myo-inositol (MI) against subsequent Cu exposure in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) in vivo and in their enterocytes in vitro. First, oxidative stress was established by exposing fish to different concentrations of Cu (0-7.2 mg Cu/L water) for 4 days. N ...201121924699
Growth rate, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in rock carp (Procypris rabaudi Tchang) exposed to supersaturated total dissolved gas.Total dissolved gas supersaturation (TDGS) appears when the pressures of gases in a solution exceed the barometric pressures. TDGS is often caused by flood discharge at dams. It may lead to gas bubble disease (GBD) for fish and biochemical responses of selected fish and other aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of long-term TDGS levels on the growth and biochemical responses of rock carp (Procypris rabaudi Tchang) dwelling in the upper reaches of the Yangtze ...201122042655
bothriocephalus acheilognathi (cestoda) in the endangered fish profundulus hildebrandi (cyprinodontiformes), mexico.the asian fish tapeworm, bothriocephalus acheilognathi, has been considered one of the most dangerous parasites for cultured carp and a risk for native freshwater fish populations worldwide. this cestode is highly pathogenic for fishes especially fry. in this paper we record b. acheilognathi parasitizing the endangered and endemic freshwater fish profundulus hildebrandi from the endorheic basin of san crist6bal de las casas, chiapas, mexico. b. acheilognathi was recorded from 10 of the 11 sample ...201122017116
first detection of pike fry-like rhabdovirus in barbel and spring viraemia of carp virus in sturgeon and pike in aquaculture in the czech republic.rapid antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) testing of cell cultures with organ homogenate from fish, collected from farms with a predominance of common carp or in natural aquaculture in the czech republic between 1995 and 2008, identified piscine vesiculovirus in 27 of 178 samples. using reverse transcription semi-nested pcr, targeting a 550 nucleotide region of the glycoprotein (g) gene, piscine vesiculovirus was confirmed in 23 of the 27 organ samples diagnosed by elisa ...201121848117
gene expression analysis of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) lines during cyprinid herpesvirus 3 infection yields insights into differential immune responses.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), also known as koi herpesvirus (khv), is the etiological agent of a virulent and lethal disease in common and koi carp. this study aimed to determine the genetic basis underlying the common carp immune response to the cyhv-3 virus. two common carp lines (r3 and k) were infected with cyhv-3 by immersion. the r3 line presented a 20% higher survival rate compared to the k line and significantly lower viral loads as measured at day 3 post infection (p.i.). microarray ...201122212509
two new species of myxobolus (myxozoa: myxosporea: bivalvulida) infecting an indian major carp and a cat fish in wetlands of punjab, india.a survey of parasites of freshwater fishes in kanjali and harike wetlands of punjab (india) revealed the presence of two new myxosporean species belonging to the genus myxobolus bütschli (winter (ed): protozoa, 1882). spores of the first species, m. saugati sp. nov. parasitizing scales of labeo rohita (cypriniformis: cyprinidae) vern. rohu are characterized in having 'spores measuring 8.3 × 6.6 μm in size, oval to spherical in valvular view having rounded anterior and posterior ends; polar capsu ...201123024499
concentration of infectious aquatic rhabdoviruses from freshwater and seawater using ultrafiltration.infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv), viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, and spring viremia of carp virus were concentrated and detected from freshwater and seawater samples by using hollow-fiber ultrafiltration. within 60 min, virus in a 50-l freshwater or saltwater sample was concentrated more than 70-fold, and virus retention efficiencies were consistently greater than 88%. retention efficiency was highly dependent upon concentrations of column blocking and sample stabilization sol ...201122372250
ultrastructural observations on merogonic and gamogonic stages of goussia carpelli (apicomplexa, coccidia) in experimentally infected common carp cyprinus carpio.ultrastructural features of merogonic and gamogonic stages of goussia carpelli, a coccidian parasite of carp are described. the parasite developed along lines often found in eimerian parasites in the apical portion of intestinal epithelial cells. after laboratory infection, merogonic stages were found at days 2 to 7 post exposure (pe). meronts gave rise to 12 to 20 merozoites by endomerogony. gamogonic stages occurred between days 7 and 9 pe. young macrögamonts developed in parasitophorous vacuo ...201123194612
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