Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
production and efficacy of an aeromonas hydrophila recombinant s-layer protein vaccine for fish.a recombinant protein for the s-layer protein of aeromonas hydrophila was produced and its ability to protect common carp cyprinus carpio l. against six virulent isolates of a. hydrophila was assessed. a group of 120 carp (30-40 g) were vaccinated intra-peritoneally with 0.1 ml of adjuvanted vaccine (30 microg protein per fish). another group of 120 carp were injected with 0.1 ml of pbs-adjuvant mixture to serve as controls. twenty fish from each group were challenged with each one of six virule ...201020307596
kinetic study of hepatic β-glucuronidase in the indian major carp, labeo rohita (hamilton).liver is the metabolic factory and contains several valuable enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions. β-glucuronidase is one of the well-known lysozymes that participates in the carbohydrate metabolism in the tissues of various vertebrates. in the present study, an attempt was made to study the kinetic properties of hepatic β-glucuronidase of the indian major carp (imc), labeo rohita. it was observed that the enzyme activity increased largely at ph 5 (0.1 m acetate buffer) when exposed to 38 ...201020336485
efficacy of vermicompost as fish pond manure--effect on water quality and growth of cyprinus carpio (linn.).experiment was conducted in (0.002 ha) cemented tanks for 120 days to assess the efficacy of vermicompost as fish pond manure at a dose of 10,000 kg/ha/year (vc(10)), 15,000 kg/ha/year (vc(15)) and 20,000 (vc(20)) kg/ha/year) in comparison to semi-digested cow dung (8-10 days old), which was utilized at a dose of 20,000 kg/ha/year (cd(20)). one fourth of the doze was applied 15 days prior to fish stocking and rest in equal weekly installments. twenty fingerlings of common carp, cyprinus carpio ( ...201020338752
unmethylated cpg oligodeoxynucleotides activate head kidney leukocytes of atlantic cod, gadus morhua.bacterial dna and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) that contain unmethylated cpg motifs are strong inducers of immune response in most mammalian organisms. the use of these synthetic cpg motifs in fish, particularly in salmonids and carp, resulted in the modulation of their immune system. however, much less is known in other species of fish such as gadoids including atlantic cod, gadus morhua. using head kidney (hk) leukocytes of cod in an in vitro study, we determined the effects of some ...201020349339
phylogeny and expression of carbonic anhydrase-related proteins.carbonic anhydrases (cas) are found in many organisms, in which they contribute to several important biological processes. the vertebrate alpha-ca family consists of 16 subfamilies, three of which (viii, x and xi) consist of acatalytic proteins. these are named carbonic anhydrase related proteins (carps), and their inactivity is due to absence of one or more zn-binding histidine residues. in this study, we analyzed and evaluated the distribution of genes encoding carps in different organisms usi ...201020356370
molecular and structural characterisation of a macrophage migration inhibitory factor from sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax l.).the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) is a cytokine produced in numerous cell types, mainly t lymphocytes and macrophages, in response to inflammatory stimuli. in this paper we report the identification of a cdna encoding a mif molecule from sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax l.), its expression analysis and its 3d structure obtained by template-based modelling. the sea bass mif cdna consists of 609bp that translates in one reading frame to give the entire molecule containing 115 amino ac ...201020363032
oxidative stress induced on cyprinus carpio by contaminants present in the water and sediment of madin reservoir.madin reservoir (mr), located in the state of mexico, is fed mainly by the rio tlalnepantla. mr supplies potable water to the municipalities of naucalpan and atizapan, and various recreational activities take place in its vicinity, such as sailing and the fishing of diverse species including the common carp cyprinus carpio. the purpose of this study was to determine the toxic effects of contaminants present in mr water and sediment on c. carpio. five sampling stations were selected (those consid ...201020390854
effect of filter-feeding fish silver carp on phytoplankton species and size distribution in surface water: a field study in water works.silver carp were introduced into the pre-sedimentation pond to control excessive phytoplankton in raw water. the effectiveness of the filter-feeding silver carp on phytoplankton control and the effect of silver carp on phytoplankton community were investigated. the results showed that microcystis could be effectively removed by silver carp stocked in the pre-sedimentation pond, and simultaneously, the concentration of single-cell phytoplankton increased obviously. the difference in phytoplankton ...201020397401
sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (its) region reveals a novel clade of ichthyophonus sp. from rainbow trout.the mesomycetozoean parasite ichthyophonus hoferi is most commonly associated with marine fish hosts but also occurs in some components of the freshwater rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss aquaculture industry in idaho, usa. it is not certain how the parasite was introduced into rainbow trout culture, but it might have been associated with the historical practice of feeding raw, ground common carp cyprinus carpio that were caught by commercial fisherman. here, we report a major genetic division b ...201020402235
snp discovery and development of genetic markers for mapping innate immune response genes in common carp (cyprinus carpio).single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in immune response genes have been reported as markers for susceptibility to infectious diseases in human and livestock. a disease caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is highly contagious and virulent in common carp (cyprinus carpio). with the aim to develop molecular tools for breeding cyhv-3-resistant carp, we have amplified and sequenced 11 candidate genes for viral disease resistance including tlr2, tlr3, tlr4ba, tlr7, tlr9, tlr21, tlr22, myd88, t ...201020420915
a novel training model for retroperitoneal laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty.to create and evaluate an inexpensive novel model for training in retroperitoneal laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty.201020443726
identification and characterization of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) granzyme a/k, a cytotoxic cell granule-associated serine protease.granzyme (gzm) is an important member of serine protease family, and key component in the specific and non-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity. partial gzma/k cdna sequence of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) was isolated from thymus cdna library by the method of suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh). subsequently, the full length cdna of carp gzma/k was obtained by means of 3' race and 5' race, respectively. the full length cdna of carp gzma/k was 1053 bp, consisting of a 5'-terminal untr ...201020451619
integrated assessment of biomarker responses in common carp (cyprinus carpio) exposed to perfluorinated organic compounds.in this study, the toxicological effects of perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) toward the common carp, cyprinus carpio, were evaluated by assessing the responses of five biomarkers, including dna single-strand breaks (comet), vitellogenin (vtg) concentration, and the activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod), acetylcholinesterase (ache) and catalase (cat). upon pfoa exposure, both the vtg concentration and cat activity were significantly increased, while ...201020452121
distribution of freshwater snails in family-based vac ponds and associated waterbodies with special reference to intermediate hosts of fish-borne zoonotic trematodes in nam dinh province, vietnam.fish-borne zoonotic trematodes, such as clonorchis sinensis, heterophyids and others, constitute a public health concern in parts of northern vietnam and infections with these trematodes are often thought to be linked to fish culture. one common fish culture system is the integrated fish-livestock (vac) ponds where individual households have 1 or more ponds. fish fry, mainly of various carp species, produced in hatcheries, not necessarily local, are introduced into nursery ponds and after approx ...201020457118
effect of human pharmaceutical carbamazepine on the quality parameters and oxidative stress in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) spermatozoa.the effects of cbz (a human pharmaceutical commonly present in aquatic environment) on the quality parameters and oxidative stress of common carp spermatozoa were investigated in vitro. fish spermatozoa were incubated with different concentration of cbz (0.2, 2.0 and 20 mgl(-1)) for 2h. results revealed that the percentage of spermatozoa motile and velocity were decreased significantly at higher concentration of cbz (2.0 and 20 mgl(-1)) and a dose-dependent reduction was observed. but the viabil ...201020466407
immunostimulatory activities of bacillus simplex dr-834 to carp (cyprinus carpio).a bacterial strain, designated dr-834 and producing immunostimulatory activities to carp (cyprinus carpio), was isolated from qinghai-tibetan plateau permafrost soil. cultural characteristic studies suggested that this strain belongs to the genus bacillus. the nucleotide sequence of the 16s rrna gene of strain dr-834 exhibited close similarity (99%) with the 16s rrna gene of bacillus simplex. two compounds showing potent activity were isolated from secondary metabolites of the strain through bio ...201020472068
effect of conjugated linoleic acid on cyprinus carpio var. jian regarding growth, immunity, and disease resistance to aeromonas hydrophila.the present study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (cla) on the growth performance, immune parameters and disease resistance to aeromonas hydrophila of juvenile jian carp. a total of 900 juvenile jian carp (10.71 +/- 0.02 g) were randomly allocated into six groups of each three replicates, feeding isonitrogenous (35% crude protein) and isolipidic (7.8% crude fat) diets containing graded amounts of cla (0, 0.5, 0.8, 1.4, 1.7, and 2.0%) for 60 days. after ...201020473720
high yield expression of an ahl-lactonase from bacillus sp. b546 in pichia pastoris and its application to reduce aeromonas hydrophila mortality in aquaculture.aeromonas hydrophila is a serious pathogen and can cause hemorrhagic septicemia in fish. to control this disease, antibiotics and chemicals are widely used which can consequently result in "superbugs" and chemical accumulation in the food chain. though vaccine against a. hydrophila is available, its use is limited due to multiple serotypes of this pathogen and problems of safety and efficacy. another problem with vaccination is the ability to apply it to small fish especially in high numbers. in ...201020492673
kinetics of cd4+ and cd8alpha+ t-cell subsets in graft-versus-host reaction (gvhr) in ginbuna crucian carp carassius auratus langsdorfii.we have previously demonstrated the presence of graft-versus-host reaction (gvhr) in fish employing a model system of clonal triploid ginbuna and tetraploid ginbuna-goldfish hybrids. to elucidate the role of cd8alpha+ t cells in the induction of gvhr, we investigate the kinetics of cd4+ and cd8+ t-cell subsets in gvhr along with the pathological changes associated with gvh disease (gvhd) in ginbuna. gvhr was not induced with a leukocyte fraction lacking cd8alpha+ t cells separated by magnetic ce ...201020493902
targeted proteasome inhibition by velcade induces apoptosis in human mesothelioma and breast cancer cell lines.thoracic malignancies and human breast cancer (hbc) continue to be aggressive solid tumors that are poor responders to the existing conventional standard chemotherapeutic approaches. malignant pleural mesothelioma (mpm) is an asbestos-related tumor of the thoracic pleura that lacks effective treatment options. altered ubiquitin proteasome pathway is frequently encountered in many malignancies including hbc and mpm and thus serves as an important target for therapeutic intervention strategies. al ...201019960346
the muscle ankyrin repeat proteins are hypoxia-sensitive: in vivo mrna expression in the hypoxia-tolerant blind subterranean mole rat, spalax ehrenbergi.the muscle ankyrin repeat proteins (marps), also known as muscle stretch proteins, are members of a conserved family of genes known to be induced under stress conditions. the three primary members, cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp), ankyrin repeat domain 2 (arpp), and diabetes-related ankyrin repeat protein (darp) are expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle, binding to the giant protein titin. in addition, both carp and arpp are proposed to have regulatory functions, shuttling to the nucleu ...201019967343
biology of eggs, embryos and larvae of rhinelepis aspera (spix & agassiz, 1829) (pisces: siluriformes).the black armoured catfish rhinelepis aspera is an important commercial species found in the são francisco river (brazil) that has great potential for pisciculture. this paper presents, for the first time, information on the embryogenesis and larval development of this species. the breeder fish were subjected to spawning induction with crude carp pituitary extract. eggs were kept in incubators at 24 degrees c and embryogenesis was observed with a stereomicroscope until hatching. ovary fragments, ...201019860989
production, characterization, and applications of mouse monoclonal antibodies against gonadotropin, somatolactin, and prolactin from common carp (cyprinus carpio).the gonadotropin alpha subunit (cgth alpha), gonadotropin ii beta subunit (cgthii beta), somatolactin (csl), and prolactin (cprl) were isolated from the pituitaries of common carps, purified by traditional chromatographic analysis, identified by mass-chromatographic analysis, and used as immunogens in the b-lymphocyte hybridoma technique. totally, 7, 11, 17, and 8 hybridoma cell lines were established, which were able to stably secrete monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against cgth alpha, cgthii beta ...201019854193
cloning of common carp socs-3 gene and its expression during embryogenesis, gh-transgene and viral infection.as a member of a newly discovered protein family, the suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (socs-3) has been shown to regulate the responses of many immune cytokines in a negative auto-regulatory manner. the full-length cdna of common carp socs-3 was 1603 bp and contained a 630 bp open reading frame (orf) coding for a protein of 209 amino acids. carp socs-3 molecule was well conserved especially in the src homology 2 (sh2) and the socs box. the kinase inhibitory region (kir) and ess domains, upst ...201020025976
zebrafish larvae are unable to mount a protective antiviral response against waterborne infection by spring viremia of carp virus.interferons (ifns) and their receptors exist in all classes of vertebrates, where they represent early elements in innate and adaptive immunity. both types i and ii ifns have been discovered in fish and type i ifn has recently been classified into two groups based on their primary protein sequences and biological activities. thus, although groups i and ii zebrafish ifn show powerful antiviral activities, only group i (ifnphi1) is able to protect the fish against bacterial infection. in addition, ...201020045026
immune responses and expression profiles of some immune-related genes in indian major carp, labeo rohita to edwardsiella tarda infection.edwardsiella tarda is an important gram-negative bacterium that causes systemic infections in a wide range of hosts including fish. the pathogenic mechanisms in this disease are still poorly understood in fish. indian major carp, labeo rohita were intraperitoneally challenged with a pathogenic isolate of e. tarda to measure sequential changes in immunity level. a significant decrease in the superoxide production, myeloperoxidase, alternative complement activity, total protein levels and antiprot ...201020045061
effect of different microcystin profiles on toxin bioaccumulation in common carp (cyprinus carpio) larvae via artemia nauplii.in this study, a 12-day growth trial was conducted to compare the effect of the variation in microcystin (mc) composition in two microcystis aeruginosa bloom samples on the growth performance and mc accumulation/transfer in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) larvae. fish were fed artemia salina nauplii that had been preexposed to extracts from two m. aeruginosa natural blooms with different microcystins (mcs) profiles. bloom a had mc-lr as major toxin (74.05%) while bloom b had a diversity of ...201020045191
in vivo transfer of plasmid pras1 between aeromonas salmonicida and aeromonas hydrophila in artificially infected cyprinus carpio l.this study investigated the possible in vivo transfer of plasmid pras1 between aeromonas salmonicida and a. hydrophila inhabiting two different organs of cyprinus carpio l. to distinguish transconjugants from naturally occurring antibiotic resistant bacteria, twelve luminescent transposon-tagged a. hydrophila strains using mini tn5luxcdabekm2 transposon were generated. in conjugal transfer experiments, fish were conditioned with the donor bacteria and subsequently immersed in water containing th ...201020059637
effect of withania somnifera (l. dunal) root as a feed additive on immunological parameters and disease resistance to aeromonas hydrophila in labeo rohita (hamilton) fingerlings.the present study evaluated the efficacy of dietary doses of withania somnifera (ashwagandha) root powder on immunological parameters and disease resistance against the bacterial pathogen aeromonas hydrophila infections in indian major carp, labeo rohita fingerlings. fishes were fed with dry diet containing 0 gkg(-1) (control), 1 gkg(-1) (t(1)), 2 gkg(-1) (t(2)) and 3 gkg(-1) (t(3)) w. somnifera root powder for 42 days. immunological (nbt level, phagocytic activity, total immunoglobulin and lyso ...201020580830
socializing makes thick-skinned individuals: on the density of epidermal alarm substance cells in cyprinid fish, the crucian carp (carassius carassius).in cyprinid fish, density of epidermal club cells (i.e. alarm substance cells) has been found to vary between lakes with different predator fauna. because predators can be labelled with chemical cues from prey, we questioned if club cell density could be controlled indirectly by predators releasing prey cues. in particular, we suspected a possible feedback mechanism between chemical alarm signals and their cellular source. we raised crucian carp singly and in groups of four. for both rearing typ ...201020582591
[polymorphism of microsatellite markers in breeds of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) of russian breeding].using five microsatellite loci, genotyping and genetic diversity estimates were obtained for nine samples representing seven common carp breeds most widespread in russia. for comparison, the samples of amur wild common carp (cyprinus carpio haematopterus) and a sample of european hungarian common carp were used. in the samples examined (n = 148) a total of 78 alleles were revealed. the highest mean allele number per locus (4.3) was identified in amur wild common carp, while the lowest number was ...201020583601
a novel mechanism of cell growth regulation by cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein (carp)-1.abstract:201020594350
[investigations on ligula intestinalis plerocercoid l., 1758 infection of some fishes from dam lake kunduzlar (kirka, eskişehir).].in this study, the presence of ligula intestinalis plerocercoid in some fish species (cyprinus carpio, carassius gibelio, barbus plebejus, capoeta tinca, chondrostoma nasus, leuciscus cephalus, alburnus escherichii) from the kunduzlar dam, turkey was investigated between august 2008 and may 2009. by the end of the study, ligula intestinalis plerocercoid haqs been identified in the body cavity of 3 host fishes [chondrostoma nasus (1.1%, 5.0+/-0), leuciscus cephalus (12.1%, 1.5+/-0,6), and alburnu ...201020597057
a novel role for cardiac ankyrin repeat protein ankrd1/carp as a co-activator of the p53 tumor suppressor protein.the muscle ankyrin repeat protein (marp) family member ankrd1/carp is a part of the titin-mechanosensory signaling complex in the sarcomere and in response to stretch it translocates to the nucleus where it participates in the regulation of cardiac genes as a transcriptional co-repressor. several studies have focused on its structural role in muscle, but its regulatory role is still poorly understood. to gain more insight into the regulatory function of ankrd1/carp we searched for transcription ...201020599664
common carp have two subclasses of bonyfish specific antibody igz showing differential expression in response to infection.immunoglobulin heavy chains identified in bony fish are broadly classified into three classes namely igm, igd and igz. the most recently described isotype is igz, a teleosts-fish specific isotype that shows variations in gene structure across teleosts. in this study we have identified two igz subclasses in common carp. igz1 is a four constant heavy chain domains containing antibody isolated across teleosts and igz2 is a two constant domains containing heavy chain chimera with a μ1 and ζ4 domain. ...201020600275
characterization of c1q in teleosts: insight into the molecular and functional evolution of c1q family and classical pathway.c1qs are key components of the classical complement pathway. they have been well documented in human and mammals, but little is known about their molecular and functional characteristics in fish. in the present study, full-length cdnas of c1qa, c1qb, and c1qc from zebrafish (danio rerio) were cloned, revealing the conservation of their chromosomal synteny and organization between zebrafish and other species. for functional analysis, the globular heads of c1qa (gha), c1qb (ghb), and c1qc (ghc) we ...201020615881
over-expression of the dclk gene transcript carp decreases ca3/ca1 network excitability.products of the doublecortin like kinase (dclk) gene are implicated in cortical migration and hippocampal maturation during embryogenesis. however, one of its splice variants, called camk related peptide (carp), is expressed during adulthood in response to neurological stimuli, such as kainic acid-induced seizures and bdnf-ltp. the function of this transcript of the dclk gene is poorly understood. to elucidate its function during adulthood we have created transgenic mice with over-expression of ...201020659433
a multivariate comparison of the stress response in three salmonid and three cyprinid species: evidence for inter-family differences.the response of six species of freshwater fishes, from the families cyprinidae (common carp cyprinus carpio, roach rutilus rutilus and chub leuciscus cephalus) and salmonidae (rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, brown trout salmo trutta and arctic charr salvelinus alpinus), to a standardized stressor was evaluated. a 6 h period of confinement resulted in changes to plasma cortisol, glucose, amino acid and lactate levels compared with unconfined controls. there were significant differences in the ...201020666900
regulation of ovarian steroidogenesis in vitro by gonadotropin in common carp cyprinus carpio: interaction between calcium- and adenylate cyclase-dependent pathways and involvement of erk signaling cascade.multiple signal transduction pathways mediating gonadotropin-induced testosterone and 17β-estradiol (e(2)) production were identified in carp ovarian theca and granulosa cells in short-term co-incubation. inhibitors of voltage-sensitive calcium channels (vsccs) and calmodulin attenuated human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg)-induced steroid production, whereas modulators of adenylate cyclase and protein kinase a (pka) increased their production, indicating that both calcium- and pka-dependent pathwa ...201020668068
hypertrophy, gene expression, and beating of neonatal cardiac myocytes are affected by microdomain heterogeneity in 3d.cardiac myocytes are known to be influenced by the rigidity and topography of their physical microenvironment. it was hypothesized that 3d heterogeneity introduced by purely physical microdomains regulates cardiac myocyte size and contraction. this was tested in vitro using polymeric microstructures (g' = 1.66 gpa) suspended with random orientation in 3d by a soft matrigel matrix (g' = 22.9 pa). after 10 days of culture, the presence of 100 μm-long microstructures in 3d gels induced fold increas ...201020668947
[phylogenetic relationships among cobitoidea based on mitochondrial nd4 and nd5 gene sequences].in the present study, we cloned and sequenced 10 new nd4 and nd5 gene sequences of cobitoidea. these sequences were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships together with those of 15 other species downloaded from genbank. the results showed that the length of nd4 gene sequence was 1 380-1 387 bp with atg as starting codon and incomplete termination signal as terminated codon; the length of nd5 gene sequence was 1 821-1 839 bp with atg as starting codon and taa or tag as terminated codon; t ...201020672409
interspecies correlations of toxicity to eight aquatic organisms: theoretical considerations.interspecies correlations allow the prediction of toxicity to a number of other species. however, little attention has been paid to the theoretical considerations of the interspecies relationship based on the differences of bio-uptake and toxic mechanism between species. this study examines the interspecies correlations of toxicity between species of vibrio fischeri, river bacteria, algae, daphnia magna, carp, tetrahymena pyriformis, fathead minnow and guppy based on the theoretical background. ...201020673582
response of cyprinus carpio to copper exposure: alterations in reduced glutathione, catalase and proteins electrophoretic patterns.this study was conducted to characterize the alterations in reduced glutathione (gsh) level, catalase (cat) activity and proteins electrophoretic patterns in response to sublethal copper (cu) exposure in cyprinus carpio and to determine whether these responses are related to cu accumulation in gills, chosen as target tissue. fish were exposed to 0.1 and 1.0 mg/l cu for 10 and 20 days. there were increasing level of cu in the gill with increasing concentrations of metal in the exposure medium, an ...201020127410
comparative analysis of nitrite uptake and hemoglobin-nitrite reactions in erythrocytes: sorting out uptake mechanisms and oxygenation dependencies.nitrite uptake into red blood cells (rbcs) precedes its intracellular reactions with hemoglobin (hb) that forms nitric oxide (no) during hypoxia. we investigated the uptake of nitrite and its reactions with hb at different oxygen saturations (so(2)), using rbcs with (carp and rabbit) and without (hagfish and lamprey) anion exchanger-1 (ae1) in the membrane, with the aim to unravel the mechanisms and oxygenation dependencies of nitrite transport. added nitrite rapidly diffused into the rbcs until ...201020130222
immunoproteomic identification of polyvalent vaccine candidates from vibrio parahaemolyticus outer membrane proteins.bacterium is still a major cause of many infectious diseases and a global threat to human health, aquaculture, and animal feeding. prevention by vaccination is the most efficient and economical way of fighting bacterial diseases, but one of the persistent challenges to prevent bacterial infections and disease transmissions is the existence of multiple bacterial species, families, and genera and the lack of efficient polyvalent vaccines against them. the information on candidate immunogens for po ...201020148598
cytotoxic proteins of amanita virosa secr. mushroom: purification, characteristics and action towards mammalian cells.a new hemolytic lectin was purified from the fruit bodies of amanita virosa secr. mushroom by the affinity chromatography on the cross-linked ovomucin. this lectin destroyed erythrocytes of human and animals of various species, and its hemolytic activity decreased in the row: rabbit > rat > human > dog. the erythrocytes of sheep, cow and carp were resistant to such hemolytic action of the lectin (1 mg/ml). the lectin-mediated hemolysis was blocked by the polyethylene glycol with molecular mass o ...201020153765
expression and characterization of a constitutively active stat6 from tetraodon.in this paper, we report the cloning and characterization of the stat6 gene from the pufferfish, tetraodon nigroviridis. the tnstat6 gene is composed of 20 exons and 19 introns. the exon-intron organization of this gene is similar to that of hsstat6 except for the exons encoding the c-terminal transactivation domain. the full-length complementary (c)dna of tnstat6 encodes a 794-amino acid protein that is 31% identical to human stat6. we generated a constitutively active tnstat6-jh1 by fusing the ...201020156562
characterizing the in vitro hepatic biotransformation of the flame retardant bde 99 by common carp.polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) are a class of flame retardant chemicals known to biomagnify in aquatic foodwebs. however, significant biotransformation of some congeners via reductive dehalogenation has been observed during in vivo and in vitro laboratory exposures, particularly in fish models. little information is available on the enzyme systems responsible for catalyzing this metabolic pathway in fish. this study was undertaken to characterize the biotransformation of one primary bde ...201020080306
susceptibility of koi x crucian carp and koi x goldfish hybrids to koi herpesvirus (khv) and the development of khv disease (khvd).hybrids of koi, cyprinus carpio x crucian carp, carassius carassius and koi x goldfish, carassius auratus, proved to be susceptible to koi herpesvirus (khv, syn. cyhv-3) and developed khv disease (khvd). while hybrids of koi x goldfish were partly resistant to mortality following infection by immersion, most koi x crucian carp hybrids died after bath infection. khv dna was detected in dead fish but also in all surviving animals by different polymerase chain reactions (pcrs). according to these r ...201020102462
multiple forms of alpha-2 macroglobulin in shrimp fenneropenaeus chinesis and their transcriptional response to wssv or vibrio pathogen infection.alpha-2 macroglobulin (a2m) is a non-specific protease inhibitor involved in host defense. by full length cloning and sequencing we identified three distinct cdnas for a2m in chinese shrimp fenneropenaeus chinesis, designated fca2m-1, fca2m-2 and fca2m-3, respectively. expression profiles in normal tissues as well as tissues after challenge by white spot syndrome virus (wssv) and vibrio pathogen were conducted for fca2m-1 and fca2m-2. the fca2m-1 and fca2m-2 cdnas encode proteins with 1501 or 15 ...201020105438
evolution of recognition of ligands from gram-positive bacteria: similarities and differences in the tlr2-mediated response between mammalian vertebrates and teleost fish.we investigated the role of the tlr2 receptor in the recognition of ligands from gram-positive bacteria in fish. comparative sequence analysis showed a highly conserved toll/il-1 receptor domain. although the leucine-rich repeat domain was less conserved, the position of the critical peptidoglycan (pgn)-binding residues in the leucine-rich repeat domain of carp tlr2 were conserved. transfection of human embryonic kidney 293 cells with tlr2 corroborated the ability of carp tlr2 to bind the protot ...201020118281
development of mhc class i and ii b primers in common carp and its molecular characterization.the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) has an important role in immune response and is known as the most polymorphic locus in vertebrates. we developed three pairs of polymerase chain reaction primers of the alpha-2 domain (exon 3) of mhc class i and the beta-2 (exon 3) and beta-3 domains (exon 4) of mhc class ii b gene in the german mirror common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). we analyzed the three loci in a population of 65 individuals that had suffered the serious disease of gill rot. five to ...201020524055
habitat selection by breeding waterbirds at ponds with size-structured fish populations.fish may significantly affect habitat use by birds, either as their prey or as competitors. fish communities are often distinctly size-structured, but the consequences for waterbird assemblages remain poorly understood. we examined the effects of size structure of common carp (cyprinus carpio) cohorts together with other biotic and abiotic pond characteristics on the distribution of breeding waterbirds in a seminatural system of monocultured ponds, where three fish age classes were separately st ...201020532472
effects of the microcystin profile of a cyanobacterial bloom on growth and toxin accumulation in common carp cyprinus carpio larvae.a 12 day growth trial was conducted to compare the effect of the variation in microcystins (mc) composition of two bloom samples of microcystis aeruginosa on the growth performance and microcystin accumulation in common carp cyprinus carpio larvae. two m. aeruginosa natural bloom samples with different mc profiles were collected and larvae were exposed to cyanobacterial cells through their diet. three diets, a basal control diet and two diets prepared from the basal diet plus the same toxins con ...201020537022
the effect of plant protein-based diet supplemented with dipeptide or free amino acids on digestive tract morphology and pept1 and pept2 expressions in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).common carp (cyprinus carpio) of average body mass 0.07+/-0.02 g were fed three formulated diets: wheat gluten protein-based diet supplemented with lys-gly dipeptide (pp), wheat gluten protein-based diet supplemented with free lysine and glycine (aa), and a wheat gluten protein-based control diet without lysine supplementation (con), frozen zooplankton (z) (restricted diet), and a commercial starter food aglo norse (an). after 4 weeks of experimental feeding, fish fed an diet showed the highest ...201020542130
the transcription factor atf4 promotes skeletal myofiber atrophy during fasting.prolonged fasting alters skeletal muscle gene expression in a manner that promotes myofiber atrophy, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. here, we examined the potential role of activating transcription factor 4 (atf4), a transcription factor with an evolutionarily ancient role in the cellular response to starvation. in mouse skeletal muscle, fasting increases the level of atf4 mrna. to determine whether increased atf4 expression was required for myofiber atrophy, we reduced a ...201020197309
bioaccumulation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in fishes from the tittabawassee and saginaw rivers, michigan, usa.characterizing biological factors associated with species-specific accumulation of contaminants is one of the major focuses in ecotoxicology and environmental chemistry studies. in this study, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and non- and mono-ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners were analyzed in various fish species from the tittabawassee and saginaw rivers (12 fish species; n=314 individuals), michigan, usa. due to their migratory habits, ...201020206964
immune responses of resistant and sensitive common carp families following experimental challenge with aeromonas hydrophila.parameters of non-specific immune response and level of specific and natural antibodies were investigated after an experimental challenge with aeromonas hydrophila in genetically different common carp (cyprinus carpio) families. ten resistant and ten sensitive families were used for the experiment, which had been selected out of 96 families, based on the results of a preliminary challenge test. blood samples were collected 12 h, one week and 21 days following the challenge. phagocytic and respir ...201020211735
induction of xanthophores from non-pigmented dermal cells of xanthic goldfish in vitro.to identify precursor cells of xanthophores (xanthoblasts), non-pigmented cells without any phenotypic traits as pigment cells were isolated from the dermal tissue of xanthic goldfish with an adult color pattern and cultured in a medium containing 1 mm db-camp or 0.25 u/ml acth and 10% carp serum. these non-pigmented cells differentiated into xanthophores which showed a dendritic morphology and contained a large quantity of fluorescent pteridines and numerous vesicular inclusions. sepiapterin wa ...20103032461
h1 horizontal cells of carp retina have different postsynaptic mechanisms to mediate short- versus long-wavelength visual signals.vertebrate photoreceptors release neurotransmitter substance(s) tonically in the dark and this release is curtailed by light. recently, we have become increasingly aware of the possibility that short- and long-wavelength visual signals are mediated differently during the synaptic transmission to second-order retinal neurons. the experiment described here advances this notion further by demonstrating a postsynaptic difference. treatment of the carp retina by dopamine reduced the gap-junctional co ...20102924847
application of sensory and microbial analysis to assess quality of fish in siliguri city of west bengal, india.sensory and certain microbial analyses were applied to assess the quality of raw fish sold at a market in siliguri cityof west bengal, india. in regular surveys undertaken during june to august 2008, a particular fish species was randomly selected, its source was noted and a sensory analysis, the quality index method (qim) was applied to assess its quality raw fish samples were also collected and a small quantity (about 1 g) of scales oran upper layer of the skin surface (forscale-less fish samp ...201021387907
cloning of cdna and prediction of peptide structure of plzf expressed in the spermatogonial cells of labeo rohita.the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (plzf) gene containing an evolutionary conserved btb (bric-a-brac/tramtrack/broad complex) domain plays a key role in self-renewal of mammalian spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) via recruiting transcriptional co-repressors. little is known about the function of plzf in vertebrate, especially in fish species. to gain better understanding of its role in fishes, we have cloned plzf from the testis of labeo rohita (rohu), a commercially important freshwater carp ...201021798210
a new myxosporean species myxobolus sclerii sp. nov. and one known species m. stomum ali et al. 2003 from two indian major carp fishes.the present communication deals with description of one new species of myxobolus (myxozoa: myxosporea: bivalvulida), m. sclerii sp. nov. infecting eye ball of catla catla (hamilton) and redescription of m. stomum infecting scales of labeo rohita (hamilton), two major carps of kanjali and ropar wetlands respectively. spores of m. sclerii sp. nov. measure 7.9-9.5(8.7 ± 1.13) × 4.3-5.7(5 ± 0.98) μm in size. parietal folds absent. polar capsules two, equal and measuring 4-5.4(4.7 ± 0.98) × 1-2.6(1.8 ...201021526031
observation on prevalence of ectoparasites in carp fingerlings in two districts of west bengal.the present study has been carried out to find out the prevalence of ectoparasites of carp fingerlings during different months of the year 2008-2009. four groups of ectoparasites viz. myxozoan, ciliophoran, monogenean and crustacean were recorded from 400 fingerlings of rohu (labeo rohita), catla (catla catla), mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala), bata (labeo bata), common carp (cyprinus carpio) and lata (channa punctatus) collected from different ponds of nadia and hooghly district of west bengal from j ...201021526033
hormonal regulation of hepatic glycogenolysis in the carp, cyprinus carpio.carp (cyprinus carpio) liver maintained normal glycogen content and enzyme complement for several days in organ culture. epinephrine-stimulated glycogenolysis, phosphorylase activation, and cyclic amp (camp) accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner with ec50s of 100, 100, and 500 nm, respectively. these actions were blocked by the beta-adrenergic antagonist, propranolol, but not by the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine. glycogenolysis and tissue camp were uninfluenced by 10(-6) m ...20103032003
phospholipid content in the compact and spongious musculature of the carp heart (cyprinus carpio).the phospholipid content of the spongious and compact musculature of the heart of the carp (cyprinus carpio) was compared. the content of phospholipids is higher in the spongious musculature, the greatest difference being in the content of diphosphatidylglycerol: 2.53 mumol p . g-1 wet weight in the spongious layer and 1.29 mumol p . g-1 wet weight in the compact one. in both tissues plasmalogens represent 20-27% of the tissue content of choline and ethanolamine phosphoglycerides.20102932757
effects of acute heat exposure on respiratory metabolism and blood glucose in freshwater fishes, prochilodus scrofa (curimbatá) and cyprinus carpio (carp) acclimatized to tropical winter.routine oxygen consumption and blood glucose were determined from freshwater fishes, prochilodus scrofa and cyprinus carpio, exposed at high temperatures for 1 hr. prochilodus scrofa had a significantly higher rate of oxygen consumption at 30 degrees c than at 25 degrees c, and carp higher at 25 degrees c than at 30 degrees c. blood glucose was significantly higher for cyprinus carpio than for prochilodus scrofa at 25 and 30 degrees c; however, after exposure to these temperatures for 1 hr blood ...20102858306
characteristics of sarcoplasmic proteins and their interaction with surimi and kamaboko gel.this study examined the effect of adding common carp sarcoplasmic proteins (sp- p) on the gel characteristics of threadfin bream surimi and kamaboko while maintaining constant moisture and myofibrillar levels. based on the temperature sweep test, which is involved in heating of surimi gel from 10 to 80 degrees c to monitor the viscoelastic properties, at temperature range of 40 to 50 degrees c, the decrease level (depth of valley) in storage modulus (g') thermograph was in proportion to the conc ...201019200110
occurrence and assessment of perfluorinated chemicals in wild fish from northern germany.residues of the perfluorinated chemicals perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos) and perfluorooctanoicacid (pfoa) were investigated in wild fish caught from different german waters including the north and the baltic sea, lake storkow in brandenburg, several rivers in lower saxony, and rivers and lakes in the city of berlin. the sample locations represent waters with no, low, medium and high portions of treated municipal sewage discharges. the investigated fish filet samples included 51 wild eels, 44 bre ...201020044123
perspectives on fish gonadotropins and their receptors.teleosts lack a hypophyseal portal system and hence neurohormones are carried by nerve fibers from the preoptic region to the pituitary. the various cell types in the teleost pituitary are organized in discrete domains. fish possess two gonadotropins (gth) similar to fsh and lh in other vertebrates; they are heterodimeric hormones that consist of a common alpha subunit non-covalently associated with a hormone-specific beta subunit. in recent years the availability of molecular cloning techniques ...201019686749
detoxifying effect of nelumbo nucifera and aegle marmelos on hematological parameters of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).the objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of nelumbo nucifera and aegle marmelos on common carp exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of combined heavy metals (5 ppm) under laboratory conditions. the fish were treated with nelumbo nucifera (500 mg/kg bwt) and aegle marmelos (500 mg/kgbwt) for 30 days as a dietary supplement. the blood biochemical parameters of the fish were evaluated by analyzing the level of red blood cells (rbc), packed cell volume (pcv), hemoglobin concentrat ...201021331178
swimming suppresses hepatic vitellogenesis in european female silver eels as shown by expression of the estrogen receptor 1, vitellogenin1 and vitellogenin2 in the liver.when european silver eels (anguilla anguilla) venture into the atlantic ocean for their 6,000 km semelparous spawning run to the sargasso sea, they are still in a prepubertal stage. further sexual development appears to be blocked by dopaminergic inhibition of hypothalamus and pituitary activity. recently, we found that swimming for several weeks in freshwater stimulated the incorporation of fat droplets in the oocytes. so, it was hypothesized that long term swimming in seawater would release th ...201020302623
arsenic speciation in freshwater fish: focus on extraction and mass balance.arsenic (as) speciation in muscle tissues of freshwater fish was investigated with special emphasis on extraction yields and mass balances. for the quantification of water-soluble as compounds, samples were extracted using a 1:1 (v/v) methanol/water mixture. various extraction parameters, such as extraction volume, number of additional extractions, intermediate and final volume in sample preconcentration were optimized so as to improve the extraction efficiency. arsenic compounds were determined ...201020188911
temporal expression of hepatic estrogen receptor 1, vitellogenin1 and vitellogenin2 in european silver eels.because european silver eels have never been caught during or after their 6000-km reproductive migration to the sargasso sea, all existing knowledge on their sexual maturation comes from hormonal stimulation. silver eels that start their oceanic migration are still immature with pre-vitellogenic oocytes. hence we assumed that vitellogenesis should start with the expression of the estrogen receptor in the liver before the circulating 17beta-estradiol (e2) can have any effect. in this study we fol ...201019766647
antioxidative role of cerium against the toxicity of lead in the liver of silver crucian carp.the antioxidative role of cerium was investigated in the liver of silver crucian carp injected with lead. the fish were intraperitoneally injected with 10, 20, or 30 mg/kg wet weight pbcl(2). after a 14-day period of incubation, 35 animals were injected with a solution of 1.5 mg/kg wet weight cecl(3). after 42 days, the wet weight and the liver weight of the fish were weighed, and the oxidative stress of the fish liver was estimated by assaying lipid peroxide, superoxide dismutase, catalase, asc ...201019130280
cdna sequence and tissues expression analysis of lipoprotein lipase from common carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian).a full-length cdna coding lipoprotein lipase (lpl) was cloned from liver of adult common carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian) by rt-pcr and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches. the cdna obtained was 2,411 bp long with a 1,524 bp open reading frame (orf) encoding 507 amino acids. this amino acid sequence contains two structural regions: n-terminus (24-354 residues) and c-terminus (355-507 residues). before n-terminus, 1-23 residues is signal peptide, 6-23 residues is transmembrance hel ...201019757176
multimarker approach analysis in common carp cyprinus carpio sampled from three freshwater sites.the aim of this study is to assess the response of a multimarker approach in common carp cyprinus carpio sampled from three tunisian dam lakes selected according to different environmental and ecological characteristics. glutathione-s-transferase (gst) activity was analyzed in carp liver and used as a phase ii detoxification enzyme, hepatic metallothionein content (mts) was used as a metallic stress indicator, and cholinesterase activities were analyzed in muscle and brain and used as neurotoxic ...201019728127
the relationship between trace elements in fish otoliths of wild carp and hydrochemical conditions.the trace element composition of the fish otolith is an indicator of biomineralization. in contrast to other skeletal tissue, the otolith retains its entire original structure and does not absorb any elements after the fish dies. because otoliths in carp degrade very slowly in the dead body, the information it provides on the environment is retained, even in fossil form. here, we report our analysis of the trace elements in otoliths of carp and of the water in donghu lake and longhupao lake, hei ...201019093220
quantitative behavioral parameters as toxicity biomarkers: fish responses to waterborne cadmium.the disruptive sublethal effects of heavy metals on behavioral parameters of fish as biomarkers of aquatic toxicity have been scarcely studied. we investigated the impact of exposure to sublethal waterborne cadmium on locomotory parameters of three freshwater teleosts: cyprinus carpio as reference species, and australoheros facetum (sin. cichlasoma facetum) and astyanax fasciatus, native to pampean ecosystems in argentina, using a noninvasive bioassay under laboratory conditions. fish were succe ...201019967392
expressions of heat shock and metallothionein genes in the heart of common carp (cyprinus carpio): effects of temperature shock and heavy metal exposure.heat shock proteins (hsps) and metallothioneins (mts) play important roles in protection against environmental stressors. the present study analyzes and compares the regulation of heat shock ( hsp70, hsc70-1 and hsp90alpha ) and metallothionein (mt-1 and mt-2) genes in the heart of common carp, in response to elevated temperature, cold shock and exposure to several heavy metal ions (as 3+ , cd 2+ and cu 2+ ), in whole-animal experiments. among these metals, arsenate proved to be the most potent ...201020194095
characterization of vibrio species isolated from freshwater fishes by ribotyping.three vibrio species from the resident microflora of gastrointestinal tract of freshwater carps and prawns were isolated and confirmed biochemically as v. fluvialis from cyprinus carpio/labeo rohita; v. parahaemolyticus from macrobrachium rosenbergii and v. harveyi from macrobrachium malcomsoni. the genetic relationship among these vibrio species was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of 16s rrna gene followed by restriction digestion with hae iii, bam hi and pst i. den ...201023100815
three embryonic myosin heavy chain genes encoding different motor domain structures from common carp show distinct expression patterns in cranial muscles.three embryonic myosin heavy chain (myh) genes > (myhs) including myh(emb1), myh(emb2) and myh(emb3) and encoding a c-terminal part of myh were previously cloned and demonstrated to be expressed transiently in this order during development of common carp cyprinus carpio embryos. the present study determined the full-length cdna nucleotide sequences encoding the motor domain of the three myhs, suggesting the implication of loop 1 and loop 2 sequences for the differences in the motor functions. ph ...201021798191
invasive species. biologists rush to protect great lakes from onslaught of carp. 201020167753
effect of dietary l-tryptophan on osmotic stress tolerance in common carp, cyprinus carpio, juveniles.common carp juveniles were fed two types of diet (control: 0.1% tryptophan and trp: 0.6% tryptophan) over 15 days. thereafter, both groups were directly subjected to osmotic challenge (from 0 to 10 ppt) for 168 h. blood samples were collected at -240, 0, 6, 24, 72 and 168 h after challenge. survival and serum cortisol, glucose, sodium and chloride levels were measured to determine stress response and osmoregulation condition. while trp group showed no mortality until 168 h, cumulative mortality ...201020148306
generalization and discrimination of positive and negative acoustic stimuli in the common carp (cyprinus carpio).groups of common carp (cyprinus carpio) were trained for 33 days to discriminate between two acoustic signals differing in frequency and temporal pattern. one signal (positive stimulus) was reinforced by food, while the other (negative stimulus) was not rewarded. when exposed to 3 positive and 3 negative stimuli per day (training paradigm 1) the fish responded similarly to the two signals. when daily negative stimuli outnumbered positive stimuli (3 positive and 33 negative, training paradigm 2) ...201020117184
demonstration of t cell and macrophage progenitors in carp (cyprinus carpio) kidney hematopoietic tissues. development of clonal assay system for carp hematopoietic cells.single hematopoietic cells from carp (cyprinus carpio) kidney were seeded to each well of 96-well plates and cultured in the presence of a supporting cell layer and conditioned media (cm). the cm were obtained from bulk-cultured carp hematopoietic cells, in which t and macrophage-lineage cells rapidly proliferated as previously reported. after 2-3 weeks, colony formation was found in 0-4 wells of each plate. three different morphological types of colonies were observed: "type i colonies", "type ...201020117130
electrical interfacing between neurons and electronics via vertically integrated sub-4 microm-diameter silicon probe arrays fabricated by vapor-liquid-solid growth.we report here a technique for use in electrical interfaces between neurons and microelectronics, using vertically integrated silicon probe arrays with diameters of 2-3.5 microm and lengths of 60-120 microm. silicon probe arrays can be fabricated by selective vapor-liquid-solid (vls) growth. a doped n-type silicon probe with the resistance of 1 k omega has an electrical impedance of less than 10 m omega in physiological saline. after inserting the probe arrays into the retina of a carp (cyrpinus ...201020089393
pbb levels in fish from the baltic and north seas and in selected food products from poland.recently, a significant amount of attention has been devoted to the determination of polybrominated biphenyls in food and the environment. in this study, pbb contamination of fish from the north and baltic seas, with a special focus on samples from poland and france, was investigated. north sea fish like salmon, herring, scarp, gilthead seabream and grey gurnard were collected from a french fish market. baltic sea fish like salmon, tunny, trout, herring, and freshwater fish such as carp were pur ...201020060998
using a markov simulation model to assess the impact of changing trends in coronary heart disease incidence on requirements for coronary artery revascularization procedures in western australia.the population incidence of coronary heart disease (chd) has been declining in australia and many other countries. this decline has been due to reduced population levels of risk factors for chd and improved medical care for those at higher risk of chd. however, there are signs that there may be a slowing down or even reversal in the decline of chd incidence due to the 'obesity epidemic' and other factors and this will have implications for the requirements for surgical treatments for those with ...201020053292
synaptic contribution of ca2+-permeable and ca2+-impermeable ampa receptors on isolated carp retinal horizontal cells and their modulation by zn2+.ca(2+)-permeable and ca(2+)-impermeable ampa receptors are co-expressed on carp retinal horizontal cells. in the present study, we examined the synaptic contribution and zn(2+) modulatory effect of these two ampa receptor subtypes using whole-cell patch clamp technique. specific ca(2+)-permeable ampa receptor antagonist (1-naphthyl acetyl spermine, nas) and selective ca(2+)-impermeable ampa receptor blocker (pentobarbital, pb) were used to separate the glutamate-response in isolated h1 horizonta ...201020045401
influence of cypermethrin toxicity on ionic regulation and gill na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity of a freshwater teleost fish cyprinus carpio.the effects of acute and sublethal toxicity of cypermethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide on plasma electrolytes (na(+), k(+) and cl(-)) levels and gill na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity in a common carp cyprinus carpio were examined. the 24h lc(50) value of cypermethrin for c. carpio was 1.86ppm. during acute exposure, cypermethrin caused adverse effects in the form of hyponatreima, hypokalemia and hypochloremia and inhibition of gill na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity. in sublethal exposure to cypermet ...201021787581
germline cysts and the formation of the germinal epithelium during the female gonadal morphogenesis in cyprinus carpio (teleostei: ostariophysi: cypriniformes).the formation of both germline cysts and the germinal epithelium is described during the ovary development in cyprinus carpio. as in the undifferentiated gonad of mammals, cords of pgcs become oogonia when they are surrounded by somatic cells. ovarian differentiation is triggered when oogonia proliferate and enter meiosis, becoming oocytes. proliferation of single oogonium results in clusters of interconnected oocytes, the germline cysts, that are encompassed by somatic prefollicle cells and for ...201020652938
larger inhibition of visual pigment kinase in cones than in rods.in the carp retina, visual pigment kinase, grk1 (g-protein coupled receptor kinase 1) in rods and grk7 in cones, is inhibited by a photoreceptor neuronal ca(2+)-sensor protein, s-modulin (or recoverin) in rods and visinin (formerly named s26) in cones. here, we compared ca(2+)-dependent inhibition of grk1 by s-modulin and that of grk7 by visinin. first, the concentrations of s-modulin and visinin in the outer segment were estimated: the concentration of visinin (1.2 mm) was 20 times higher than ...201020649847
functional analysis of carp interferon-gamma: evolutionary conservation of classical phagocyte activation.in teleost fish two ifn-gamma gene sequences were found for which two phylogenetic clusters can be distinguished. our previous analysis of expression of these in carp led us to hypothesize that a classical ifn-gamma function is associated with the ifn-gamma2 cluster. we investigated the evolutionary conservation of the ifn-gamma function, inducing classical activation of phagocytes, thus skewing towards a th1-like profile of immune activation. recombinant proteins for the carp ifn-gamma sequence ...201020633651
pcb and pbde levels in wild common carp (cyprinus carpio) from eastern lake erie.male common carp (cyprinus carpio) from eastern lake erie, which is greatly effected by urbanization, agriculture, and industry, were analyzed for pcb and pbde concentrations in plasma, muscle, and liver to evaluate exposure to these chemicals through habitat interactions. additional male carp from two nearby relatively clean lakes (bear lake and hemlock lake, ny) were also sampled as controls. while pcbs were detected in muscle, liver, and plasma of lake erie carp, the largest concentrations we ...201020609460
histological and ultrastructural study of zona radiata in oocyte of common carp cyprinus carpio (linnaeus 1758).oocytes and fertilized eggs of teleosts are enclosed by a non-cellular envelope, the zona radiata (zr). it has structural differences in various ecological and systematic groups of fish. ultrastructural analysis has shown that zr is formed during the previtellogenic stages. morphological characteristics of zr suggest various functional and ecological importance that are exhibited during oocyte development and adaptations to the released oocytes. in this research work, the structure of zr in oocy ...201020605473
indirect ultrasonication for protein quantification and peptide mass mapping through mass spectrometry-based techniques.we report in this work a fast protocol for protein quantification and for peptide mass mapping that rely on (18)o isotopic labeling through the decoupling procedure. it is demonstrated that the purity and source of trypsin do not compromise the labeling degree and efficiency of the decoupled labeling reaction, and that the ph of the labeling reaction is a critical factor to obtain a significant (18)o double labeling. we also show that the same calibration curve can be used for maldi protein quan ...201020602940
effects of gas supersaturation on lethality and avoidance responses in juvenile rock carp (procypris rabaudi tchang).laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of total dissolved gas (tdg) supersaturation on acute lethality and avoidance responses in juvenile rock carp (procypris rabaudi tchang). the juvenile rock carp were exposed to water with different levels of supersaturation (105%, 115%, 120%, 125%, 130%, 135%, 140%, and 145%) and depth of 0.20 m at 25 °c for 60 h. median lethal time (lt(50)) was used to assess the lethal responses corresponding to different levels of gas supersaturat ...201020872989
isolation and expression analyses of the sox9a gene in triploid crucian carp.to investigate the evolutional significance of sox9 in fish, we isolated and characterized sox9a cdna and genomic clones in triploid crucian carp. the cdna encoded a protein of 457 amino acids with an hmg box and showed more than 60% amino acid sequence identity with known vertebrate sox9 proteins. triploid crucian carp and vertebrate sox9s showed similar gene structure, and two introns in the coding region were located at conserved positions. on the basis of the amino acid sequences, sox9a can ...201020467853
seasonal variation in drifting eggs and larvae in the upper yangtze, china.from 5 march to 25 july 2008, ichthyoplankton drifting into the three gorges reservoir from the upper reaches of the yangtze river were sampled daily to investigate the species composition, abundance, and seasonal variation in early-stage fishes in this area. twenty-eight species belonging to five orders and 17 families or subfamilies were identified by analyzing fish eggs and larvae, and a total of 14.16 billion individuals were estimated drifting through the sampling section during the investi ...201020443687
Refresh
firstprev
...51525354555657585960...
nextlast
Displaying items 5001 - 5100 of 7554