Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| targeting innate-like t cells in tuberculosis. | peptide-specific conventional t cells have been major targets for designing most antimycobacterial vaccines. immune responses mediated by conventional t cells exhibit a delayed onset upon primary infection and are highly variable in different human populations. in contrast, innate-like t cells quickly respond to pathogens and display effector functions without undergoing extensive clonal expansion. specifically, the activation of innate-like t cells depends on the promiscuous interaction of high ... | 2016 | 28066410 |
| a fluorescent probe for detecting mycobacterium tuberculosis and identifying genes critical for cell entry. | the conventional method for quantitating mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) in vitro and in vivo relies on bacterial colony forming unit (cfu) enumeration on agar plates. due to the slow growth rate of mtb, it takes 3-6 weeks to observe visible colonies on agar plates. imaging technologies that are capable of quickly quantitating both active and dormant tubercle bacilli in vitro and in vivo would accelerate research toward the development of anti-tb chemotherapies and vaccines. we have developed a ... | 2016 | 28066347 |
| alternate efflux pump mechanism may contribute to drug resistance in extensively drug-resistant isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb) has emerged as one of the biggest threats to public health and tb control programs worldwide. xdr-tb is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) strains resistant to rifampin and isoniazid, as well as to a fluoroquinolone and to at least one injectable aminoglycoside. drug resistance in mtb has primarily been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in particular genes. however, it has also been shown that efflux pumps may play a r ... | 2016 | 28043640 |
| identification of novel mycobacterium tuberculosis dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors through rational drug design. | dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) is one of the validated drug targets in mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection. dhfr inhibitors have been used to treat various life-threatening diseases such as cancer, malaria, and several bacterial infections. however, all clinically effective dhfr inhibitors are non-selective, and inhibit both human and pathogenic dhfrs more or less to a similar extent. the crystal structure of various dhfrs complexed with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and dif ... | 2016 | 28043639 |
| activity of drugs against dormant mycobacterium tuberculosis. | heterogeneous mixtures of cellular and caseous granulomas coexist in the lungs of tuberculosis (tb) patients, with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) existing from actively replicating (ar) to dormant, nonreplicating (nr) stages. within cellular granulomas, the ph is estimated to be less than 6, whereas in the necrotic centres of hypoxic, cholesterol/triacylglycerol-rich, caseous granulomas, the ph varies between 7.2 and 7.4. to combat tb, we should kill both ar and nr stages of mtb. dormant mtb r ... | 2016 | 28043638 |
| mycobacterial excretory secretory-31 protein with serine protease and lipase activities: an immunogen and drug target against tuberculosis infection. | tuberculosis (tb) has been declared as a global emergency by the world health organization in 1993 and still remains one of the world's biggest threats. worldwide, 9.6 million people have been estimated to have fallen ill with tb in 2014: 5.4 million men, 3.2 million women, and 1.0 million children. to reduce this burden, detection and treatment gaps must be addressed and new tools developed (global tb report 2015). | 2016 | 28043634 |
| effective testing for pulmonary tuberculosis using xpert mtb/rif assay for stool specimens in immunocompetent pakistani children. | childhood tuberculosis (tb) is largely a paucibacillary disease and difficult to diagnose. it is difficult to obtain a sputum or gastric aspirate (ga) sample, and patients are often undiagnosed and treated empirically. stool is a noninvasive specimen not usually used for tb testing in pakistan. we investigated the value of xpert mtb/rif to diagnose mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) in children with pulmonary tb cases, by performing comparative testing of ga and stool samples. | 2016 | 28043630 |
| paying attention to the details in mycobacterium tuberculosis: strain-specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms and clonal variants. | 2016 | 28043627 | |
| comparison of two molecular methods and an automated liquid culture system for the early detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis from both pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens in kuwait. | molecular methods for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) are widely used for the early diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb). the objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of two molecular techniques for the detection of mtb for both pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens in comparison with conventional culture techniques in kuwait and to correlate the results with clinical and histopathological diagnosis. | 2016 | 28043626 |
| emerging clones of mycobacterium tuberculosis in russia and former soviet union countries: beijing genotype and beyond. | 2016 | 28043622 | |
| whole genome sequencing as the ultimate tool to diagnose tuberculosis. | in the past two decades, dna techniques have been increasingly used in the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb). the (sub) species of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are usually identified using reverse line blot techniques. the resistance is predicted by the detection of mutations in genes associated with resistance. nevertheless, all cases are still subjected to cumbersome phenotypic resistance testing. the production of a strain-characteristic dna fingerprint, to investigate the e ... | 2016 | 28043616 |
| emotional distress patients with several types of tuberculosis. a pilot study with patients from the sanatorium hospital of huambo. | there is growing evidence that emotional distress expressed in terms of anxiety and depression it is very high among tuberculosis (tb) patients. | 2016 | 28043613 |
| new options in tuberculosis care: visions for the future are crucial for controlling the disease. | the current strategies for controlling tuberculosis (tb) are not sufficient. improved prophylactic and diagnostic tools are imperative, being crucial for decreasing tb incidence and mortality and for preventing outbreaks. furthermore, new and better drugs are badly needed, particularly considering the increase in cases with multidrug-resistant strains. the current tb vaccine-the bacillus calmette-guérin vaccine-has a preventive impact on disseminated tb in children, but little effect on the most ... | 2016 | 28043608 |
| what is in a cough? | the aims of this talk are to: (a) provide an overview of our method of collecting, quantifying, and sizing infectious aerosols of mycobacterium tuberculosis; and (b) to review data indicating that cough aerosol cultures of m. tuberculosis are the best predictors of infection and incident disease among household contacts of persons with active tuberculosis (tb). new infection was defined as tuberculin skin test conversion. | 2016 | 28043607 |
| ethambutol-resistance testing by mutation detection using mtbdrsl. | despite the successes in managing drug-susceptible tb, drug-resistant (dr) tuberculosis is a major challenge to the effectiveness of national tuberculosis program in armenia, placing the country in the list of 18 high-burden countries for mdr-tb in the who european region. estimated burden of mdr-tb in 2012 was 9.4 (7-12) and 43 (38-49) among retreatment tb cases. a total of 92 laboratory confirmed cases had been reported to the who (57 new and 35 previously treated) out of 511 cases tested for ... | 2016 | 28043606 |
| xpert mtb/rif for rapid detection of rifampicin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in southwest ethiopia. | accurate and rapid detection of drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis (tb) is critical for early initiation of treatment and for limiting the transmission of drug-resistant tb. here, we investigated the accuracy of xpert mtb/rif for detection of rifampicin (rif) resistance, and whether this detection predicts the presence of multidrug resistant (mdr) tb in southwest ethiopia. | 2016 | 28043605 |
| best approaches to drug-resistance surveillance at the country level. | in 2014, the world health organization (who) recommendation to include the endorsed rapid molecular technologies (xpert mtb/rif, line probe assays) into surveillance systems and surveys allowed the testing of more tuberculosis (tb) patients for drug resistance at country level than ever before. the whole genome sequencing (wgs) approach is emerging as a more powerful tool for epidemiological and drug-resistant routine surveillances, promising a rapid and simultaneous screening of all the clinica ... | 2016 | 28043601 |
| genetic diversity, transmission dynamics, and drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis in luanda, angola. | despite the important role that the african region plays in a global tuberculosis (tb) epidemiological context, many countries in the region still lack data on the prevalence of specific mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and drug resistance. this is the case for angola, which presently lacks any data concerning drug-resistance rates and prevalence of specific m. tuberculosis genotypes and respective population structure. in this study, we made the first characterization of the genetic diversity ... | 2016 | 28043599 |
| reaching consensus on drug resistance conferring mutations. | molecular-based, rapid drug-susceptibility tests are needed to guide the appropriate use of new drugs and new therapeutic regimens at the programmatic level, and to prevent a further increase in the incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (tb). experts have recognized the need for a global, curated, and standardized analysis and data-sharing platform that provides a one-stop data source for clinically relevant genotypic and phenotypic information on mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 2016 | 28043595 |
| next-generation sequencing-based user-friendly platforms for drug-resistant tuberculosis diagnosis: a promise for the near future. | since 2002, there has been a gradual worldwide 1.3% annual decrease in the incidence of tuberculosis (tb). this is an encouraging statistic; however, it will not achieve the world health organization's goal of eliminating tb by 2050, and it is being compounded by the persistent global incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (dr-tb) acquired by transmission and by treatment pressure. one key to effectively control tuberculosis and the spread of multiresistant strains is accurate information pert ... | 2016 | 28043592 |
| use of wgs in mycobacterium tuberculosis routine diagnosis. | whole genome sequencing (wgs) is becoming affordable with overall costs comparable to other tests currently in use to perform the diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis (tb) and cluster analysis. the wgs approach allows an "all-in-one" approach providing results on expected sensitivity of the strains, genetic background, epidemiological data, and indication of risk of laboratory cross-contamination. | 2016 | 28043590 |
| characterization of the cd4 and cd8 t-cell response in the quantiferon-tb gold plus kit. | quantiferon-tb gold in-tube (qft-git, qiagen, hilden, germany) is an interferon-γ (ifn-γ) release assay designed to detect latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi). although qft-git has several advantages (mainly that it is not affected by the bacille calmette-guérin vaccination), it has a poor sensitivity in immune-compromised individuals as it involves an immune response-based detection. recently, quantiferon-tb gold plus (qft-plus) assay has been proposed as a new generation of qft-git. qft-plus ... | 2016 | 28043588 |
| increased mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen-induced gene expression of interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 in patients with diabetes. | pakistan ranks fifth in high tuberculosis (tb)-burden countries and seventh among countries with high prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus (dm). dm is a risk factor for tb and worsens disease outcomes. furthermore, mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection can induce glucose intolerance and worsen glycemic control in diabetes. suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs)-1 and -3 molecules regulate cytokine signaling and are important in maintaining an immune balance. in tb, interleukin (il)-6 upre ... | 2016 | 28043584 |
| common features of tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. | tuberculosis (tb) is a disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. despite the availability of novel therapeutic approaches, tb is considered as one of the leading causes of death due to infectious diseases worldwide. alveolar macrophages are the first line of defense against m. tuberculosis; they ingest and sequester the bacilli within granulomatous structures. control and resolution of the infection requires activated t lymphocytes as well as th1 cytokines. there are two forms of tb: active ... | 2016 | 28043581 |
| deletion of region of difference 181 in mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing strains. | the region of differences (rds) polymorphisms is a potential molecular epidemiology method to distinguish origins of mycobacterium tuberculosis. to date, 68 rds have been identified in m. tuberculosis. this study was designed to determine the frequency of rd deletions in m. tuberculosis strains that were isolated from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were referred to the national research institute of tuberculosis and lung disease for diagnosis and treatment. therefore, highly polymorphi ... | 2016 | 28043579 |
| immunohistochemical findings of the granulomatous reaction associated with tuberculosis. | the histological diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) has long been a diagnostic challenge in the anatomical pathology field despite availability of different laboratory methods. immunohistochemistry (ihc) could not only confirm granulomatous tissue involvement but also demonstrate mtb antigen immunolocalization. this study tries to clarify the details of ihc staining for mtb with pabbcg. | 2016 | 28043576 |
| comparison of histopathology, acid fast bacillus smear and real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in anal fistula in 161 patients: a prospective controlled trial. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is a known cause of refractory and recurrent fistula-in-ano. histopathology of fistula tract and acid fast bacillus (afb) smear of the pus are the standard procedures employed to diagnose mtb. however, they have some drawbacks. nontubercular mycobacteria (ntm) has also been detected to cause fistula-in-ano and these methods cannot differentiate between mtb and ntm. secondly, as these methods have low sensitivity, they could possibly be missing out mtb patients. r ... | 2016 | 28043558 |
| role of socio-demographical factors on tuberculosis outcome in yemen. | tuberculosis (tb) is an infection disease caused by an organism called mycobacterium tuberculosis (tubercle bacilli). tuberculosis remains the most common infection worldwide (organization & world health organization, 2013). yemen situated in who eastern mediterranean region and ranked as intermediate tb-burdened countries. tb considers as one of the main health problems; it ranks as the fourth in the priority of the public health issue (ntcp, 2010). the study was conducted to evaluate the socio ... | 2016 | 28043552 |
| predominance of beijing lineage among pre-extensively drug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis: a tertiary care center experience. | increasing resistance to various first-line and second-line drugs has become a major concern in india. however, it is not known if some genotypes are more associated with second-line drug resistance. thus, the main aim of this study was to find out the predominant genotype associated with second-line drug resistance. | 2016 | 28043550 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern of mycobacterium isolates from rodents in infected cattle farms. | mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis, causes large-scale morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. in recent years, there has been a significant increase in the drug-resistant ability of m. tuberculosis, triggering a major public health crisis. a detailed analysis of the evolution of the mycobacterial genome helps to better understand the genotype-phenotype relationship in this bacterium. different strain typing methods have already revealed the wo ... | 2016 | 28043547 |
| molecular identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated by region of differentiation (rd) typing from tuberculosis patients in khorasan razavi. | tuberculosis has long been recognized as a zoonotic disease and remains one of the most life-threatening diseases worldwide. in spite of the successful treatment of this disease, the world health organization considers it as a disease with the highest priority in 1993, and it is now the second leading cause of infectious mortality. since the identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex species is of special importance, the aim of this study was to identify the species from the submitted ... | 2016 | 28043545 |
| mixed metal oxide nanoparticles inhibit growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis into thp-1 cells. | humans have been in a constant battle with tuberculosis (tb). currently, overuse of antibiotics has resulted in the spread of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (mdr), leading to antibiotic ineffectiveness at controlling the spread of tb infection in host cells and especially macrophages. additionally, the mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) has developed methods to evade the immune system and survive. with the discovery of nanoparticle (np)-based drugs, it is necessary to research thei ... | 2016 | 28043541 |
| nationwide hiv-, mdr-tb survey in japan and collaborative study in the philippines. | although the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) and hiv infection in japan is low, careful monitoring of these two diseases is necessary. we conducted a nationwide survey on multidrug resistant (mdr)-tb (2011-2013) and hiv-tb (2007-2014) to understand the mode of prevention and the effect of therapy. a study on mdr-tb and hiv in san lazaro hospital (slh) in the philippines was also conducted. these studies introduced an international collaborative study against the global epidemics of hiv ... | 2016 | 28043540 |
| murine model of tb meningitis. | central nervous system (cns) infections caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) are the most severe forms of extrapulmonary tb (eptb) due to high levels of mortality and neurological morbidity. limited studies are available on cns-tb animal-model development, despite the steady rise in cerebral-tb cases in india over the past decade. this study describes the development of a murine model of cns-tb using a clinical strain (c3) isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of cns-tb patients. | 2016 | 28043538 |
| usefulness of is6110-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in fingerprinting of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in north india. | world health organization estimates that approximately one-third of the global community is infected with mycobatcerium tuberculosis (mtb). various molecular epidemiology methods were developed and found very promising for assessing the genetic diversity among mtb complex strain. the two major tools restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and spoligotyping were commonly used in various studies. some indian studies raise the question about the utility of is6110-rflp in india due to the pr ... | 2016 | 28043537 |
| assessing genetic diversity of mycobacterium tuberculosis by spoligotyping and is6110-based restriction fragment length polymorphism in north india. | molecular epidemiology methods are very useful for differentiating between strains, assessing their diversity, and measuring the prevalence of the most circulating strain in an area. various molecular typing methods using different molecular markers have been utilized worldwide, such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), spoligotyping, mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit - variable number of tandem repeat (miru-vntr), and double repetitive element-pcr (dre-pcr) typing, for s ... | 2016 | 28043536 |
| nontubercular mycobacteria (ntm) in fistula-in-ano: a new finding and its implications. | nontubercular mycobacteria (ntm) is not known to be associated with fistula-in-ano. | 2016 | 28043534 |
| evaluation of sodium hydroxide-n-acetyl-l-cysteine and 0.7% chlorhexidine decontamination methods for recovering mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum samples: a comparative analysis (the gambia experience). | to determine the culture yield and time to detection of mycobacterial growth between samples decontaminated using 0.7% chlorhexidine and sodium hydroxide-n-acetyl-l-cysteine (naoh-nalc) and cultured on the löwenstein-jensen (lj) medium. we also aimed to determine the contamination rate between the 0.7% chlorhexidine and naoh-nalc decontamination methods. | 2016 | 28043532 |
| rapid detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in sputum samples using pure tb-lamp assay. | lack of rapid and accurate diagnostic testing is a critical obstacle to global tuberculosis (tb) control. sensitivity of sputum smear microscopy (ssm) is not optimal; however, it remains the most prevalent tool for tb confirmation in poor countries. as a part of passive case finding of tb detection, this study was conducted to determine the clinical performance of pure tb-lamp assay using liquid culture medium as the gold standard. | 2016 | 28043530 |
| relation between smear positivity and imaging findings in children with pulmonary tuberculosis. | we investigated the relationship between high-resolution computed tomography (hrct) imaging manifestation of tuberculosis (tb) in childhood and the results of sputum smear. the aim of this study was to identify an alternative indicator of infectivity to prevent disease transmission through special isolation methods in children who have a clinical condition that suggests tb. | 2016 | 28043529 |
| childhood tuberculosis in qatar. | childhood tuberculosis (tb) has been long neglected but has gained attention in recent years. in 2012, the world health organization annual report included an estimate for childhood tb for the first time, and in the following year, the tb alliance received a grant from unitaid (international drug purchase facility) to develop pediatric tb formulations. qatar is a low-incidence country. in this observational study, laboratory-confirmed cases of tb were analyzed from 2013 to 2015 and included pati ... | 2016 | 28043528 |
| molecular genetics of mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to aminoglycosides and cyclic peptide testing by mtbdrsl in armenia. | the genotype mtbdrsl test rapidly detects resistance to ethambutol, fluoroquinolones, second-line aminoglycosides (amikacin [amk] and kanamycin [kan]), and cyclic peptides (capreomycin [cap]) in mycobacterium tuberculosis. according to data from global drug resistance surveillance report (2007), armenia is counted as a high-burden country for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb). the estimated burden of mdr-tb in 2012 was 9.4 (7-12) and 43 (38-49) among retreatment tb cases. a total of 92 l ... | 2016 | 28043525 |
| molecular characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains resistant to isoniazid. | tuberculosis is a major public health problem and the emergence of drug resistance complicates the situation even more. it is therefore crucial to implement all conclusions from the studies that aim at a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms which govern the emergence and the evolution of drug resistance. the aim of this study is to assess the degree of involvement of the inha and katg genes in the acquisition of isoniazid resistance in clinical strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 2016 | 28043520 |
| increased expression of efflux pump genes in extensively drug-resistant isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb) is defined as tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) strains that are multidrug resistant (mdr) and also resistant to a fluoroquinolone and to one injectable aminoglycoside or capreomycin. whilst resistance in mtb has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps), efflux pumps are thought to play a role in conferring resistance to mtb but little is known about them. | 2016 | 28043519 |
| evaluation of genotype mtbdrplus assay for rapid detection of isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from pakistan. | genotype mtbdrplus is a molecular assay for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to isoniazid (inh) and rifampicin (rmp), the two major anti-tuberculosis (tb) drugs. identification of inh resistance is largely based on the occurrence of mutations in the katg gene, coding for the catalase-peroxidase, or in the promoter region of the inha gene, coding for the nadh-dependent enoyl-acp reductase. for testing the rmp resistance, mutations in the rpob gene, coding for the rna polymerase ... | 2016 | 28043516 |
| evaluation of rifampicin resistance and 81-bp rifampicin resistant determinant region of rpob gene mutations of mycobacterium tuberculosis detected with xpertmtb/rif in cross river state, nigeria. | world health organization tuberculosis (tb) indices from 2014 to 2016 showed that nigeria had the 6th highest prevalence, 4th highest incidence, and the highest mortality rate globally. in efforts to improve tb care, the xpertmtb/rif (genexpert) technology, cepheid, sunnyvale, california, usa, which has revolutionized tb detection with concomitant rifampicin-resistance molecular detection, was introduced in cross river state, south-south nigeria, in 2014. the genexpert uses molecular beacons to ... | 2016 | 28043515 |
| modulation of cd4 and cd8 response to quantiferon-tb plus in patients with active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection followed over time during treatment. | interferon (ifn)-γ release assays (igra) are designed for diagnosing tuberculosis (tb) infection. the new igra, quantiferon-tb plus (qft-plus), is based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection of ifn-γ after stimulation with mycobacterium tuberculosis tb1 and tb2 antigens. tb1 elicits a cellular-mediated immune (cmi) response by cd4 t cells, and tb2 contains peptides recognized by both cd4 and cd8 t cells. the aim of the study is to characterize the cmi to qft-plus peptides in active ... | 2016 | 28043513 |
| mutations in embb gene associated with resistance to ethambutol in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from tb patients in the west of iran (2014-15). | mutations in embb gene, especially those in ethambutol resistance-determining region (erdr), are known as "hot spots". these mutations have frequently been reported in emb-resistant m. tuberculosis isolates, using the sequence analysis as a precise and effective method. the aim of this study was to detect mutations in embb gene associated with resistance to ethambutol in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from tb patients in the west of iran (2014-15). | 2016 | 28043512 |
| susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis: host genetic deficiency in tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) gene and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (tnfr2). | the susceptibility to tuberculosis (tb) depends upon different factors, and the risk of developing diseases after infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis ranges from 5% to 10%. this suggests that besides the mycobacterial itself, the host genetic factors may determine the differences in host susceptibility to tb. among the important risk factors, cytokines and especially tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) genes, are thought to be responsible for regulating the protective immune responses. the ... | 2016 | 28043509 |
| proteome-scale mdr-tb-antibody responses for identification of putative biomarkers for the diagnosis of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. | multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that do not respond to isoniazid and rifampicin, the two most effective first-line anti-tb drugs. here, we designed and produced antibodies based on biomarkers that exist only in mdr-tb. | 2016 | 28043508 |
| t cell cytokine responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis following stimulation with proteins purified from mycobacterium tuberculosis mdr clinical isolates. | tuberculosis (tb) is a devastating disease that remains a major health threat worldwide. the appearance of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains resistance to current antibiotics is a growing problem, both in the third world and in developed countries. completion of genomic sequencing of m. tuberculosis provides a strong foundation for subsequent identification of proteins to aid the understanding of protein function and the discovery of new drug targets or a tb vaccine. this study employed a prote ... | 2016 | 28043507 |
| drug resistance pattern of mycobacterium tuberculosis in the province with highest incidence of tuberculosis in iran. | incidence of tuberculosis (tb) in golestan province is consistently higher than other provinces of iran. this study aimed to determine the rate of drug resistance to first-line antibiotics in mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) isolates recovered from new cases in this province. | 2016 | 28043506 |
| isoniazid resistance among rifampicin-susceptible mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from tuberculosis patients. | with the introduction of novel molecular techniques that rely on rifampicin (rif) susceptibility, resistance to isoniazid (inh) or other first-line drugs remains undetected. such patients are prescribed first-line antituberculosis therapy and are on rif monodrug therapy during the continuation phase, which may lead to therapeutic failure and emergence of multidrug resistance. we aimed to study inh resistance among rif-susceptible mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) isolates from retreatment patient ... | 2016 | 28043503 |
| genotypic analysis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis isolates from extra pulmonary tuberculosis cases in tertiary care centers in northern india. | multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) is a major public health problem. the diagnosis of mdr-tb is of paramount importance in establishing appropriate clinical management and infection control measures. rapid detection of mdr-tb allows the establishment of an effective treatment regimen, minimizes the risk of further resistance, and limits the spread of drug-resistant strains. the aim of this study is to determine the genotypic characterization of mdr-tb isolates from extra pulmonary tubercu ... | 2016 | 28043502 |
| comparative proteomic analysis of sequential isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis sensitive and resistant beijing type from a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis. | in india, tuberculosis (tb) is a foremost health problem, and the emergence of multidrug-resistant (mdr) and extensively drug resistant (xdr) strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis) has further complicated the situation. although various mechanisms have been proposed to elucidate the emergence of resistance, our knowledge remains insufficient. the formation of a very complex network and drugs of proteins are countered by their efflux/modification or target over-expression/modific ... | 2016 | 28043501 |
| design and development of novel inhibitors for the treatment of latent tuberculosis. | "the captain of all these men of death", is the apt sobriquet for the age-old disease tuberculosis (tb). despite the availability of many drugs, cases of increasing resistance in the forms of multi-drug and extensively drug-resistant tb and persistence [characteristic of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb)] make the eradication of tb a nightmare. approval of bedaquiline by the food and drug administration focused attention on quinoline scaffolds for development of new anti-tb agents. lysine ε-amino ... | 2016 | 28043500 |
| multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in ethiopian settings and its association with previous antituberculosis treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | efforts to control the global burden of tuberculosis (tb) epidemic have now been jeopardized by the rapid evolution of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), which are resistant to one or more anti-tb drugs. multidrug resistant (mdr) tb in ethiopia may be more prevalent than previously appreciated; thus, up-to-date national drug resistance studies are critically needed. therefore, this meta-analysis aimed, first, to determine pooled prevalence of mdr tb among newly diagnosed and previo ... | 2016 | 28043498 |
| uric acid levels in patients on antituberculosis drugs in the southwest region of cameroon. | antituberculosis drugs (atds) efficiently combat mycobacterium tuberculosis either through direct molecular interactions or its metabolites. however, a variety of adverse effects have been reported, leading to frequent interruptions of treatment. in order to investigate possible metabolic disturbances resulting from antituberculosis treatment, the uric acid level of patients on atds was measured in the southwest region of cameroon. | 2016 | 28043496 |
| antimycobacterial activity assessment of three ethnobotanical plants against mycobacterium tuberculosis: an in vitro study. | resistances to herbal medicines are still not defined and finding natural remedies against drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) has research priority. the antimycobacterial susceptibility method for herbal extracts is unclearly defined and there is no standard method for assessment of the materials against bacteria. in the present study, time kill of three medicinal plants was determined against mtb. | 2016 | 28043492 |
| morphological changes in experimental tuberculosis resulting from treatment with quercetin and polyvinylpyrrolidone. | morphological study of a mice of tissue necrosis stages in experimental organ-preserving tuberculosis (tb) pharmacotherapy using quercetin and polyvinylpyrrolidone (qp). | 2016 | 28043489 |
| tuberculosis in children. | tuberculosis (tb) is the main cause of infection-related death in the world. children make up ∼5-15% of all tb cases. severe forms of disease such as meningitis and disseminated form are more common in children. due to current estimates of world health organization (who) in 2015, one million children suffer from tb around the world; of these, it is estimated that more than 136,000 die a year. one study estimated 67million children with latent tb which develops to active form with the rate of ∼85 ... | 2016 | 28043486 |
| coronins and their role in immunological phenomena. | coronins are a large family of proteins occurring in many eukaryotes. in mammals, seven coronin genes have been identified, evidencing that coronins 1 to 6 present classic coronin structure, while coronin 7 is a tandem coronin particle, without a spiral domain, although the best characterised coronin, in terms of both structure and function, is the mammalian coronin 1. it has been proven that they are related to regulation of actin dynamics, e.g. as a result of interaction with the complex of pr ... | 2016 | 28450807 |
| tuberculosis and pneumonia in hiv-infected children: an overview. | pneumonia remains the most common cause of hospitalization and the most important cause of death in young children. in high human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-burden settings, hiv-infected children carry a high burden of lower respiratory tract infection from common respiratory viruses, bacteria and mycobacterium tuberculosis. in addition, pneumocystis jirovecii and cytomegalovirus are important opportunistic pathogens. as the vertical transmission risk of hiv decreases and access to antiretrovi ... | 2016 | 28702298 |
| novel vaccination approaches to prevent tuberculosis in children. | pediatric tuberculosis (tb) is an underappreciated problem and accounts for 10 % of all tb deaths worldwide. children are highly susceptible to infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis and interrupting tb spread would require the development of effective strategies to control tb transmission in pediatric populations. the current vaccine for tb, m. bovis bacille calmette-guérin (bcg), can afford some level of protection against tb meningitis and severe forms of disseminated tb in children; howev ... | 2016 | 28702297 |
| drug resistance profiles of new- and previously treated patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in ibadan, nigeria. | information on tb drug resistance profiles and its' associated risk factors are scarce in nigeria despite the large burden of disease in the country. the study was designed to report drug resistance profiles of new- and previously treated patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) in ibadan, nigeria. | 2016 | 28686829 |
| collision of three pandemics: the coexistence of cervical cancer, hiv infection, and prior tuberculosis in the sub-saharan country of botswana. | cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the developing world, where hiv and mycobacterium tuberculosis (tb) infection are also endemic. hiv infection is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality among women with cervical cancer. tb is believed to increase the risk of malignancies and could cause chronic inflammation in the gynecologic tract. however, the relationship between cervical cancer and tb in settings hyperendemic for hiv is unknown. we f ... | 2016 | 28717682 |
| a genomics-led approach to deciphering the mechanism of thiotetronate antibiotic biosynthesis. | thiolactomycin (tlm) is a thiotetronate antibiotic that selectively targets bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis through inhibition of the β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthases (kasi/ii) that catalyse chain elongation on the type ii (dissociated) fatty acid synthase. it has proved effective in in vivo infection models of mycobacterium tuberculosis and continues to attract interest as a template for drug discovery. we have used a comparative genomics approach to uncover the (hitherto elusive) bi ... | 2016 | 28791099 |
| [tuberculosis in general practice in belgium : what's new?] | tuberculosis is still an important disease in belgium, mainly in big agglomerations. for this reason, knowledge of this entity by a general practitioner is very important. genetic tests able to identify the species of mycobacterium tuberculosis have been developed in recent years, but also identification of resistance to 1st and 2nd line treatment through genetic methods has been developed. the quick availability of results of this tests compared to the standard tests is a big advantage. treatme ... | 2016 | 28525233 |
| surface expression and genetic variants of toll-like receptor 2 in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. | innate immunity plays an important role in the host defense against mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis). toll-like receptor-2 (tlr2) is the main receptor and one of central components in initiation of innate immunity against m. tuberculosis. the study aimed to evaluate tlr2 surface expression on peripheral blood monocytes and study its association with variants in tlr2 597t/c single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. fifty pulmonary tuberculosis pat ... | 2016 | 28502147 |
| eosinophilic cystitis and cholangitis - systemic disease triggered by mycobacterium tuberculosis? | eosinophilic cystitis (ec) is a rare inflammatory disorder of the urinary tract characterized by infiltration of bladder with eosinophils. the cause remains unclear, immunological mechanisms have been implicated in pathogenesis. potential etiological factors include: tumors, allergy, parasitic infections, trauma. the disease may have a variable course, from a mild self-limiting, through common symptoms like: dysuria, hematuria, abdominal pain, tumor, to severe renal failure, with eosinophilic in ... | 2016 | 28478431 |
| [determination of the rate of growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis and some of its applications]. | 2016 | 24542595 | |
| fermentation, isolation, purification and characterization of an antitubercular antibiotic from streptomyces luridus mtcc 4402. | tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, continues to be a serious public health problem around the world, and it urges the need for development of new antitubercular drugs. an antibiotic producing strain, streptomyces luridus (mtcc 4402) was earlier isolated from soil by our group. in this work, the phylogenic status was established by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. the strain was found to be active against clinically resistant strains. the culture was grown in shake flasks in a me ... | 2016 | 28699723 |
| clinical research of treating tuberculous respiratory failure by sequential mechanical ventilation. | tuberculosis is kind of common chronic infectious disease, of which the pathogenic bacterium is mainly mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). one who is suffering severe tuberculosis may be ended with cardio-pulmonary function damage or cardio-pulmonary failure. this disease is of higher risks of complications or even high death rate, which is seriously challenging people's health and life. when a tuberculosis patient is accompanied with respiratory failure, which means the disease has developed into ... | 2016 | 28412688 |
| enrichment by hybridisation of long dna fragments for nanopore sequencing. | enrichment of dna by hybridisation is an important tool which enables users to gather target-focused next-generation sequence data in an economical fashion. current in-solution methods capture short fragments of around 200-300 nt, potentially missing key structural information such as recombination or translocations often found in viral or bacterial pathogens. the increasing use of long-read third-generation sequencers requires methods and protocols to be adapted for their specific requirements. ... | 2016 | 28785419 |
| [genetic recombiniation and protein expression detection of listeria-based tuberculosis vaccine candidates.] | genetic construction of tuberculosis vaccine candidates based on listeria(l.) monocytogenes,l.ivanovii,and evaluation their protein expression,in order to provide a novel method for research on tuberculosis controlling. | 2016 | 28598105 |
| tuberculous spondylitis of the craniovertebral junction. | craniovertebral junction tuberculosis is rare, accounting for 0.3 to 1% of all tuberculous spondylitis cases. mr imaging is the modality of choice to detect bone involvement, abscess formation and subligamentous spreading of the pus, to differentiate from other lesions affecting the craniovertebral junction, and to determine the efficacy of treatment. given the fact that surgical treatment of patients with craniovertebral junction tuberculosis has been associated with a high mortality rate rangi ... | 2016 | 28529850 |
| primary disseminated extrapulmonary multidrug resistant tuberculosis. | disseminated tuberculosis is a common mode of presentation of tuberculosis in patients both with and without hiv/aids in india. however, primary multidrug resistance in disseminated tuberculosis involving only the extrapulmonary sites in an immunocompetent adult is rare. here, we report a case of a 19-year-old man who had disseminated tuberculosis involving left pleura, pericardium, peritoneum and intraabdominal lymph nodes. he was initially taking who category i antituberculous drugs, but was n ... | 2016 | 22885212 |
| use of tuberculosis genotyping for postoutbreak monitoring. | review of routinely collected tuberculosis genotyping results following a known outbreak is a potential mechanism to examine the effectiveness of outbreak control measures. | 2016 | 22635193 |
| calvarial tuberculosis with parenchymal involvement. | tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the acid-fast bacilli mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually affects the lungs although it may affect any organ. tuberculous osteitis of the cranial bones is an uncommon manifestation of disseminated tuberculosis known as calvarial tuberculosis. cases with parenchymal involvement are infrequent in the literature. we report a case of a patient with multiple osteolytic cranial lesions and a tuberculoma. | 2016 | 23267716 |
| rapid diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children using interferon-gamma release assays (igras). | diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb) in children by the tuberculin skin test (tst) poses a diagnostic challenge for physicians due to its low specificity and cross-reactivity with nontuberculous mycobacteria and bacille calmette-guerin (bcg). although interferon-gamma release assays (igras) have been shown as novel tst alternatives for diagnosis of latent tb infection (ltbi) in adults, their effectiveness is less clear in children. the present study examined quantiferon-tb gold (qft-g) responses and i ... | 2016 | 22584190 |
| what every physician should know about rapid diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children using interferon-gamma release assays. | 2016 | 22584189 | |
| use of interferon-gamma release assays in a health care worker screening program: experience from a tertiary care centre in the united states. | interferon-gamma release assays including the quantiferon-tb gold in-tube test (qft-git [cellestis ltd, australia]) may be used in place of the tuberculin skin test (tst) in surveillance programs for mycobacterium tuberculosis infection control. however, data on performance and practicality of the qft-git in such programs for health care workers (hcws) are limited. | 2016 | 22536576 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis manlam inhibits t-cell-receptor signaling by interference with zap-70, lck and lat phosphorylation. | immune evasion is required for mycobacterium tuberculosis to survive in the face of robust cd4(+) t cell responses. we have shown previously that m. tuberculosis cell wall glycolipids, including mannose capped lipoarabinomannan (manlam), directly inhibit polyclonal murine cd4(+) t cell activation by blocking zap-70 phosphorylation. we extended these studies to antigen-specific murine cd4(+) t cells and primary human t cells and found that manlam inhibited them as well. lck and lat phosphorylatio ... | 2016 | 22507872 |
| chest radiographic findings in primary pulmonary tuberculosis: observations from high school outbreaks. | to describe the radiographic findings of primary pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) in previously healthy adolescent patients. | 2016 | 21076586 |
| de novo design of potential reca inhibitors using multi objective optimization. | de novo ligand design involves optimization of several ligand properties such as binding affinity, ligand volume, drug likeness, etc. therefore, optimization of these properties independently and simultaneously seems appropriate. in this paper, the ligand design problem is modeled in a multiobjective using archived multiobjective simulated annealing (amosa) as the underlying search algorithm. the multiple objectives considered are the energy components similarity to a known inhibitor and a novel ... | 2016 | 22392725 |
| comparison of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide tube method with the conventional method and real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of rifampicin resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | colorimetric methods are cheap, reproducible, and rapid methods of detecting drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis. the mtt (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method is one such technique that has been established in our laboratory to detect rifampicin resistance. the present study compared the results of the mtt method with those of the proportion method and real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtpcr) in order to establish sensitivity and specificity of mtt. ... | 2016 | 22361766 |
| an uncommon cause of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. | considering that currently romania has the highest tuberculosis incidence in europe, the recognition of the infection is an acknowledged health issue. central nervous system tuberculosis accounts for approximately 1% of all cases of tuberculosis. longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis is a contiguous infl ammatory lesion of the spinal cord which involves three or more spinal segments. in tuberculosis, spinal cord involvement is rare and is usually rather due to radiculomyelitis or spinal t ... | 2016 | 28694861 |
| the predictive value of gen-probe's amplified mycobacterium tuberculosis direct test compared with culturing in paraffin-embedded lymph node tissue exhibiting granulomatous inflammation and negative acid fast stain. | the diagnosis of granulomatous inflammation with possible tuberculosis (tb) infection in histopathology is often difficult. there is a need for a rapid and reliable diagnostic test. thus, we evaluated the performance of the mycobacterium tuberculosis direct (mtd) test in specimens with granulomatous lymphadenitis and negative acid fast stains. | 2016 | 24602771 |
| tuberculous pyomyositis: a re-emerging entity of many faces. | tuberculosis (tb) has become a global concern due to its increasing incidence, particularly in immunocompromised patients, closely following the migratory patterns of populations. tb pyomyositis is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of tb. its clinical presentation varies and requires a high degree of suspicion for early diagnosis. we present three patients diagnosed with tb pyomyositis: a 46-year-old man with dermatomyositis (dm) and hepatitis b who presented with fever, muscle weakness, and a ... | 2016 | 24609759 |
| biosynthesis of mycobacterial lipids by polyketide synthases and beyond. | over a decade ago, the analysis of the complete sequence of the genome of the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed an unexpectedly high number of open reading frames encoding proteins with homology to polyketide synthases (pkss). pkss form a large family of fascinating multifunctional enzymes best known for their involvement in the biosynthesis of hundreds of polyketide natural products with diverse biological activities. the surprising polyketide biosynthesis capacity of m. tuberc ... | 2016 | 24625105 |
| evaluation of a modified direct agar proportion method for testing susceptibility of mycobacterium tuberculosis from mgit samples. | the emergence of resistance to anti-tuberculosis (tb) drugs has become an obstacle to effective tb control. thus, there is an urgent need to identify patients and initiate adequate treatment for drug-resistant cases in a timely manner. the bactec mgit 960 system is well known for its rapid culturing time, and is in widespread use in taiwan. in this study, we evaluated the possibility of replacing the traditional indirect agar proportion method with a modified direct agar proportion method (mdapm ... | 2016 | 24662015 |
| establishment of a new immunological method for direct detection of mycobacterium in solution. | tuberculosis (tb) is a crucial health problem. prevention of the disease requires rapid diagnosis. rapid liquid culture systems, nucleic acid amplification tests, and high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) are among the rapid tests used for detecting mycobacterium species. however, these tests are expensive and require extensive equipment and expertise, which is hardly affordable in resource-poor countries. although direct microscopy is performed routinely as an initial step for detection ... | 2016 | 24767420 |
| contribution of increased isg15, isgylation and deregulated type i ifn signaling in usp18 mutant mice during the course of bacterial infections. | host genetics has a key role in susceptibility to salmonella typhimurium infection. we previously used n-ethyl-n-nitrosourea (enu) mutagenesis to identify a loss-of-function mutation within the gene ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 (usp18(ity9)), which confers increased susceptibility to salmonella typhimurium. usp18 functions to regulate type i interferon (ifn) signaling and as a protease to remove isg15 from substrate proteins. usp18(ity9) mice are susceptible to infection with salmonella typhi ... | 2016 | 24807690 |
| development and characterization of spray-dried porous nanoaggregates for pulmonary delivery of anti-tubercular drugs. | tuberculosis, mtb or tubercle bacillus (tb) is a lethal, infectious disease mainly caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually mycobacterium tuberculosis. in this study, guar gum-based porous nanoaggregates were formulated by precipitation technique with two frontline antitubercular drugs, i.e. isoniazid and rifampicin. the formulations were optimized on the basis of various evaluation parameters such as morphology, density, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. the optimized f ... | 2016 | 24870203 |
| [the role of imaging in thoracic tuberculosis]. | tuberculosis is an infectious disease mostly due to mycobacterium tuberculosis. it is frequent in developing countries and its incidence is rising in developed countries. lungs are the most involved organs of the chest but other structures can be affected. imaging is fundamental in the management of the disease. confirmation of diagnosis can be made only by bacteriologic and/or histologic exams. the first approach of diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and chest x-ray signs. radiologic signs ... | 2016 | 24874403 |
| a review of emerging trends in the treatment of tuberculosis. | this review attempts to summarize the information available on emerging trends in the treatment of tuberculosis caused by the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis. nanostructured biomaterials, liposomes, microparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles have unique physicochemical properties such as particularly small and convenient size, sustained release, great surface area to mass ratio and high reactivity with structure. these properties can be useful in easing the administration of antimicrobial ... | 2016 | 25365354 |
| [implementation of a telediagnostic system for tuberculosis and determination of multi-drug resistance based in the mods method in trujillo, peru]. | to implement a system for remote diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistance (mdr) using the microscopic-observation drug susceptibility assay (mods) method in the mycobacteria laboratory, trujillo center of excellence in tuberculosis (cenex-trujillo). the system included a variant of an algorithm for recognition of mycobacterium tuberculosis recently reported from digital images of mods cultures of sputum samples. | 2016 | 25418641 |
| [impact of the migratory movements in the bacterial resistance to antibiotics]. | spain is among the main receptor countries for immigration; but there are few studies available which target antibiotic-resistance in immigrants. our objective was to review the current knowledge on the impact of antibiotic resistance in immigrants compared with the prevalence in the autochthonous population. | 2016 | 25418572 |
| mucosal vaccination against tuberculosis using ag85a-loaded immunostimulating complexes. | tuberculosis (tb) is one of the major devastating diseases in the world, mainly caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. furthermore, multi-drug resistant tb and extremely drug resistant tb are becoming big problems globally. bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) is the only available vaccine which provides protection against tb. the bcg vaccine is effective in children but not recommended in adults and elderly patients due to an associated low risk of infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis and variabl ... | 2016 | 25307269 |
| [immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome related with infliximab interruption in patient with crohn's disease and active tuberculosis]. | tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors are associated with an increased risk of active tuberculosis. however, its interruption in this setting may trigger a paradoxical response to tuberculosis treatment, as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. we present the case of a 36-year-old patient, with crohn's disease, treated with infliximab for the last 8 years, who was admitted with miliary tuberculosis. a pan-susceptible mycobacterium tuberculosis strain was isolated. infliximab was inter ... | 2016 | 25298330 |