Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
[analysis on the polymorphisms of human b cell epitopes of 5 specificity antigens in mycobacterium tuberculosis in china].to study the diversities of human b cell epitopes of five proteins (mpt83, mpt70, lpqh, psts3, groes) in mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from china.201627180592
profiling esterases in mycobacterium tuberculosis using far-red fluorogenic substrates.enzyme-activated, fluorogenic probes are powerful tools for studying bacterial pathogens, including mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). in prior work, we reported two 7-hydroxy-9h-(1,3-dichloro-9,9-dimethylacridin-2-one) (ddao)-derived acetoxymethyl ether probes for esterase and lipase detection. here, we report four-carbon (c4) and eight-carbon (c8) acyloxymethyl ether derivatives, which are longer-chain fluorogenic substrates. these new probes demonstrate greater stability and lipase reactivity ...201627177211
high persister mutants in mycobacterium tuberculosis.mycobacterium tuberculosis forms drug-tolerant persister cells that are the probable cause of its recalcitrance to antibiotic therapy. while genetically identical to the rest of the population, persisters are dormant, which protects them from killing by bactericidal antibiotics. the mechanism of persister formation in m. tuberculosis is not well understood. in this study, we selected for high persister (hip) mutants and characterized them by whole genome sequencing and transcriptome analysis. in ...201627176494
prevalence and molecular characteristics of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis in beijing, china: 2006 versus 2012.as the epidemic of mdr-tb and xdr-tb becomes increasingly severe, it is important to determine the clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology of mdr-tb and xdr-tb. recently, many studies have shown that clinical features and molecular characteristics of drug-resistant strains vary in different geographical areas, however, further information is needed to assess the dynamic evolution of drug-resistant tb. comparative studies between different time periods are necessary to elucidate the d ...201627176471
pyrazinamide is active against mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures at neutral ph and low temperature.for the past decades, an acidic ph has been used to render mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptible to pyrazinamide for in vitro testing. here, we show that at the standard breakpoint concentration and reduced culture temperatures, pyrazinamide (pza) is active against tuberculosis (tb) at neutral ph. this finding should help unravel the mechanism of action of pza and allow drug susceptibility testing (dst) methods to be optimized.201627270287
physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of rifapentine and 25-desacetyl rifapentine disposition in humans.rifapentine (rpt) is a rifamycin antimycobacterial and, as part of a combination therapy, is indicated for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis although the results from a number of studies indicate that rifapentine has the potential to shorten treatment duration and enhance completion rates compared to other rifamycin agents utilized in antituberculosis drug regimens (i.e., regimens 1 to 4), its optimal dose and exposure in humans are unknown. to hel ...201627270284
new insights into the mycolate-containing compound biosynthesis and transport in mycobacteria.mycolic acids are extremely-long-chain fatty acids that compose a large family of mycolate-containing compounds, major envelope lipid components and critical pathogenicity factors of mycobacterium tuberculosis. in recent years there have been major advances in understanding their metabolic pathway. unknown enzymes of the fatty acid synthase type ii elongation system and the condensation system that builds the mycolic acid scaffold were identified. missing links with the mycolate-containing compo ...201627268593
evaluation of xpert® mtb/rif and ustar easynat™ tb iad for diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis of children in tanzania: a prospective descriptive study.fine needle aspiration biopsy has become a standard approach for diagnosis of peripheral tuberculous lymphadenitis. the aim of this study was to compare the performance of xpert mtb/rif and ustar easynat tb iad nucleic acid amplification assays, against acid-fast bacilli microscopy, cytology and mycobacterial culture for the diagnosis of tb lymphadenitis in children from a tb-endemic setting in tanzania.201627268404
negligible risk of inducing resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis with single-dose rifampicin as post-exposure prophylaxis for leprosy.post-exposure prophylaxis (pep) for leprosy is administered as one single dose of rifampicin (sdr) to the contacts of newly diagnosed leprosy patients. sdr reduces the risk of developing leprosy among contacts by around 60 % in the first 2-3 years after receiving sdr. in countries where sdr is currently being implemented under routine programme conditions in defined areas, questions were raised by health authorities and professional bodies about the possible risk of inducing rifampicin resistanc ...201627268059
laterosporulin10: a novel defensin like class iid bacteriocin from brevibacillus sp. strain skdu10 with inhibitory activity against microbial pathogens.bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides (amps) produced by bacteria to acquire survival benefits during competitive inter- and intra-species interactions in complex ecosystems. in this study, an amp-producing soil bacterial strain designated skdu10 was isolated and identified as a member of the genus brevibacillus. the amp produced by strain skdu10 identified as a class iid bacteriocin with 57.6 % homology to laterosporulin, a defensin-like class iid bacteriocin. however, substantial differences ...201627267959
a novel dendritic cell-targeted lentiviral vector, encoding ag85a-esat6 fusion gene of mycobacterium tuberculosis, could elicit potent cell-mediated immune responses in mice.tuberculosis (tb) is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), leading to high mortality worldwide. it is well-established that cellular immunity plays a critical role to control mtb infection. dendritic cells (dcs) are potent antigen presenting cells, which play an important role to prime cell-mediated immune responses. in vivo targeting of dcs has been shown to induce both strong cellular immunity and protection against tumor challenges. the aim of the present study was ...201627267270
synthesis and antituberculosis activity of the first macrocyclic glycoterpenoids comprising glucosamine and diterpenoid isosteviol.the first macrocyclic glycoterpenoids comprising glucosamine and diterpenoid isosteviol moieties were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv.201627267064
2-aryl-8-aza-3-deazaadenosine analogues of 5'-o-[n-(salicyl)sulfamoyl]adenosine: nucleoside antibiotics that block siderophore biosynthesis in mycobacterium tuberculosis.a series of 5'-o-[n-(salicyl)sulfamoyl]-2-aryl-8-aza-3-deazaadenosines were designed to block mycobactin biosynthesis in mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) through inhibition of the essential adenylating enzyme mbta. the synthesis of the 2-aryl-8-aza-3-deazaadenosine nucleosides featured sequential copper-free palladium-catalyzed sonogashira coupling of a precursor 4-cyano-5-iodo-1,2,3-triazolonucleoside with terminal alkynes and a minakawa-matsuda annulation reaction. these modified nucleosides w ...201627265685
[a case of miliary tuberculosis originated from cutaneous infection].an 86-year-old woman with severe dementia had been treated with oral prednisolone at 2 mg/day for autoimmune bullous dermatosis for several years. one year ago, she referred to our hospital due to an ulcerative skin lesion over the right tibial tuberosity. the lesion was treated by an iodine-containing ointment, but did not heal. subsequently, a new skin lesion appeared in the right popliteal fossa. one month ago, the patient had increased sputum production that was accompanied by fever, anorexi ...201627263227
glucose levels affect ll-37 expression in monocyte-derived macrophages altering the mycobacterium tuberculosis intracellular growth control.diabetes mellitus (dm)-2 patients have an increased susceptibility to develop pulmonary tuberculosis; this is partly due to the impairment of the innate immunity because of their higher glucose concentrations. in the present study, we determined the effect of the glucose concentrations in the ll-37 expression in infected and non-infected macrophages. our results showed that the increasing glucose concentrations correlates with the low cathelicidin expression in non-infected cells, however in myc ...201627263098
induced folding under membrane mimetic and acidic conditions implies undiscovered biological roles of prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein pup.ubiquitin-like proteins play important roles in diverse biological processes. in mycobacterium tuberculosis, pup (prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein), a functional homologue of eukaryotic ubiquitin, interacts with the proteasome atpase subunit mpa to recognize and unfold substrates, and then translocate them into the proteasome core for degradation. previous studies revealed that, pup, an intrinsically disordered protein (idp), adopts a helical structure upon binding to the n-terminal coiled-coi ...201627262305
delivery of llkkk18 loaded into self-assembling hyaluronic acid nanogel for tuberculosis treatment.tuberculosis (tb), a disease caused by the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis, recently joined hiv/aids on the top rank of deadliest infectious diseases. low patient compliance due to the expensive, long-lasting and multi-drug standard therapies often results in treatment failure and emergence of multi-drug resistant strains. in this scope, antimicrobial peptides (amps) arise as promising candidates for tb treatment. here we describe the ability of the exogenous amp llkkk18 to efficiently ...201627261333
a novel resistance mutation in eccc5 of the esx-5 secretion system confers ofloxacin resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis.fluoroquinolone resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis is often conferred by dna gyrase mutations. however, a substantial proportion of fluoroquinolone-resistant m. tuberculosis isolates do not have such mutations.201627261264
brief report: hiv-1 infection impairs cd16 and cd35 mediated opsonophagocytosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis by human neutrophils.using a flow cytometric assay, we investigated neutrophil-mycobacterium tuberculosis opsonophagocytosis and the impact of hiv-1-infected serum on this process. the mean (±sd) percentage of neutrophils internalizing bacilli after 30 minutes incubation was significantly reduced by pretreatment with anti-cd16 (18.2% ± 8.1%, p < 0.001) or anti-cd35 antibody (23.2% ± 10.6%, p < 0.05) versus anti-cd4 controls (29.9% ± 8.1%). blocking cd88 or cd11a did not affect internalization. using heat-inactivated ...201627258232
active tuberculosis in psoriasis patients treated with tnf antagonists: a french nationwide retrospective study.there is limited information about active tuberculosis (tb) occurring in psoriasis patients treated with tumor necrosis factor (tnf) antagonists.201627256154
macrophage-mediated inflammatory response decreases mycobacterial survival in mouse mscs by augmenting no production.mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is a hard-to-eradicate intracellular microbe, which escapes host immune attack during latent infection. recent studies reveal that mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) provide a protective niche for mtb to maintain latency. however, the regulation of mycobacterial residency in mscs in the infectious microenvironment remains largely unknown. here, we found that macrophage-mediated inflammatory response during mtb infection facilitated the clearance of bacilli residing in ...201627251437
construction and immunogenicity of a new fc-based subunit vaccine candidate against mycobacterium tuberculosis.as an ancient disease, tuberculosis (tb) is a major global health threat. therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective and safe anti-tb vaccine. in the current study, a delivery system of fc domain of mouse igg2a and early secreted antigenic target protein 6 (esat-6) was evaluated for the selective uptake of antigens by antigen-presenting cells (apcs). thus, it was based on the immunogenicity of a fusion protein. the study was initiated by the transfer of recombinant expression vectors of ...201627251218
synthesis and evaluation of new 2-aminothiophenes against mycobacterium tuberculosis.tuberculosis (tb) and its drug resistant forms kills more people than any other infectious disease. this fact emphasizes the need to identify new drugs to treat tb. 2-aminothiophenes (2at) have been reported to inhibit pks13, a validated anti-tb drug target. we synthesized a library of 42 2at compounds. among these, compound 33 showed remarkable potency against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) h37rv (mic = 0.23 μm) and showed an impressive potency (mic = 0.20-0.44 μm) against mtb strains resista ...201627251120
mycobacterium tuberculosis thioredoxin reductase is essential for thiol redox homeostasis but plays a minor role in antioxidant defense.mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) must cope with exogenous oxidative stress imposed by the host. unlike other antioxidant enzymes, mtb's thioredoxin reductase trxb2 has been predicted to be essential not only to fight host defenses but also for in vitro growth. however, the specific physiological role of trxb2 and its importance for mtb pathogenesis remain undefined. here we show that genetic inactivation of thioredoxin reductase perturbed several growth-essential processes, including sulfur and ...201627249779
activation profile of mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific cd4(+) t cells reflects disease activity irrespective of hiv status. 201627248590
vaccination against tuberculosis with whole-cell mycobacterial vaccines.live attenuated and killed whole-cell vaccines (wcvs) offer promising vaccination strategies against tuberculosis. a number of wcv candidates, based on recombinant bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg), attenuated mycobacterium tuberculosis, or related mycobacterial species are in various stages of preclinical or clinical development. in this review, we discuss the vaccine candidates and key factors shaping the development pathway for live and killed wcvs and provide an update on progress.201627247343
standardization of natural mycolic acid antigen composition and production for use in biomarker antibody detection to diagnose active tuberculosis.mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is characterized by the abundance of species specific, antigenic cell wall lipids called mycolic acids. these wax-like molecules all share an identical, amphiphilic mycolic motif, but have different functional groups in a long hydrophobic hydrocarbon mero-chain that divide them into three main classes: alpha-, keto- and methoxy-mycolic acids. whereas alpha-mycolic acids constitutively maintain an abundance of around 50%, the ratio ...201627247168
the ins and outs of the mycobacterium tuberculosis-containing vacuole.the past few years have seen publication of reports from several groups documenting the escape of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) from its intracellular vacuole to access the cytosol. the major questions addressed in these publications are the mechanism(s) underlying this process, the frequency of its occurrence and, most importantly, the biological significance of this phenomenon to bacterial survival, growth and virulence. i believe that the first two questions are moving towards resolution, ...201627247149
subtle genotypic changes can be observed soon after diagnosis in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.clonal variants of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) coexist in specific patients, although the dynamics of their emergence is unknown. we used miru-vntr to detect microevolution leading to variants of mtb in 3 out of 19 patients (15%) soon after diagnosis (61-85days). most harbored snps and for some of them a potential functional role was suggested. microevolution in tuberculosis seems to occur sooner and more often than expected and could affect tracking of transmission.201627247102
perspectives on mycobacterial vacuole-to-cytosol translocation: the importance of cytosolic access.mycobacterium tuberculosis, the infectious agent of human tuberculosis is a master player in circumventing the defense mechanisms of the host immune system. the host-pathogen interaction in the case of an infection with m. tuberculosis is highly complex, involving dedicated mycobacterial virulence factors as well as the action of the innate and adapted immune systems, which determine the outcome of infection. macrophages play a key role in this process through internalizing the bacterium in a ph ...201627247079
animal-adapted members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex endemic to the southern african subregion.members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc) cause tuberculosis (tb) in both animals and humans. in this article, three animal-adapted mtc strains that are endemic to the southern african subregion - that is, mycobacterium suricattae, mycobacterium mungi, and the dassie bacillus - are reviewed with a focus on clinical and pathological presentations, geographic distribution, genotyping methods, diagnostic tools and evolution. moreover, factors influencing the transmission and establish ...201627246904
hypoxia and tissue destruction in pulmonary tb.it is unknown whether lesions in human tb are hypoxic or whether this influences disease pathology. human tb is characterised by extensive lung destruction driven by host matrix metalloproteinases (mmps), particularly collagenases such as matrix metalloproteinase-1 (mmp-1).201627245780
cd4 t cell-derived ifn-γ plays a minimal role in control of pulmonary mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and must be actively repressed by pd-1 to prevent lethal disease.ifn-γ-producing cd4 t cells are required for protection against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection, but the extent to which ifn-γ contributes to overall cd4 t cell-mediated protection remains unclear. furthermore, it is not known if increasing ifn-γ production by cd4 t cells is desirable in mtb infection. here we show that ifn-γ accounts for only ~30% of cd4 t cell-dependent cumulative bacterial control in the lungs over the first six weeks of infection, but >80% of control in the spleen ...201627244558
three months of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid for treatment of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in hiv-coinfected persons.compare the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of 3 months of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid under direct observation (3hp) versus 9 months of daily isoniazid (9h) in hiv-infected persons.201627243774
autophagy-related proteins target ubiquitin-free mycobacterial compartment to promote killing in macrophages.autophagy is a lysosomal degradative process that plays essential functions in innate immunity, particularly, in the clearance of intracellular bacteria such as mycobacterium tuberculosis. the molecular mechanisms involved in autophagy activation and targeting of mycobacteria, in innate immune responses of macrophages, are only partially characterized. autophagy targets pathogenic m. tuberculosis via a cytosolic dna recognition- and an ubiquitin-dependent pathway. in this report, we show that no ...201627242971
mycobacterium tuberculosis co-operonic pe32/ppe65 proteins alter host immune responses by hampering th1 response.pe/ppe genes, present in cluster with esat-6 like genes, are suspected to have a role in antigenic variation and virulence of mycobacterium tuberculosis. their roles in immune evasion and immune modulation of host are also well documented. we present evidence that pe32/ppe65 present within the rd8 region are co-operonic, co-transcribed, and co-translated, and play role in modulating host immune responses. experiments with macrophage cell lines revealed that this protein complex suppresses pro-in ...201627242739
mathematical models of tuberculosis reactivation and relapse.the natural history of human infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is highly variable, as is the response to treatment of active tuberculosis. there is presently no direct means to identify individuals in whom mtb infection has been eradicated, whether by a bactericidal immune response or sterilizing antimicrobial chemotherapy. mathematical models can assist in such circumstances by measuring or predicting events that cannot be directly observed. the 3 models discussed in this review i ...201627242697
tuberculous ventriculitis: a rare complication of central nervous system tuberculosis.tuberculous ventriculitis is an inflammatory infection of the ventricular system of the brain, and is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. we herein present the case of an immunocompromised patient with brain tuberculomas who developed ventriculitis during treatment. the patient was successfully treated with a high dose of steroid, long-term antituberculosis drugs, and aggressive supportive care.201627242238
high prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among patients with rifampicin resistance using genexpert mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin in ghana.drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis (tb) represent a major threat to global tb control. in low- and middle-income countries, resource constraints make it difficult to identify and monitor cases of resistance using drug susceptibility testing and culture. molecular assays such as the genexpert mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin may prove to be a cost-effective solution to this problem in these settings. the objective of this study is to evaluate the use of genexpert in the diagnosis of pulm ...201627242237
chronic oozing skin lesions in children: possible tuberculosis? two case reports.cutaneous tuberculosis is frequently misleading and challenging, as it mimics a wide differential diagnosis. here, we present two pediatric cases with chronic multiple ulcerating nodules. proper history, physical examination, and histopathological analysis are included in the workup of suspected skin tuberculosis. diagnosis was confirmed by positive culture for mycobacteria.201627242235
limonia acidissima l. leaf mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles: a potent tool against mycobacterium tuberculosis.the present investigation was undertaken to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles using limonia acidissima l. and to test their efficacy against the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis.201627242232
drug resistance-conferring mutations in mycobacterium tuberculosis from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in southwest ethiopia.the nature and frequency of mutations in rifampicin (rif) and isoniazid (inh) resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates vary considerably according to geographic locations. however, information regarding specific mutational patterns in ethiopia remains limited.201627242230
the pros and cons of the quantiferon test for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, prediction of disease progression, and treatment monitoring.tuberculosis (tb) is a re-emerging disease with the advent of human immunodeficiency virus/aids infections. discovered in 1959, diagnosed by various approaches and treated with antibiotics, the treatment of tb infection still poses public health concerns. many cases of resistance and cross-resistance are observed. diagnosis by culture, which is considered as the standard method, takes too long (20-30days) and is not suitable for extrapulmonary tb. quantiferon test, which is an indirect immunoass ...201627242229
genotyping of mutations detected with genexpert.tuberculosis remains an important cause of mortality worldwide. previous tuberculosis treatment is a strong determinant of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. the study objective was to describe the mutations detected of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) complex clinical strains screened with genexpert isolated from previously treated patients in côte d'ivoire.201627242224
selection of phage-displayed human antibody fragments specific for cd1b presenting the mycobacterium tuberculosis glycolipid ac2sgl.the development of new tools capable of targeting mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb)-infected cells have potential applications in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis. in mtb-infected cells, cd1b molecules present mtb lipids to the immune system (mtb lipid-cd1b complexes). because of the lack of cd1b polymorphism, specific mtb lipid-cd1b complexes could be considered as universal mtb infection markers. 2-stearoyl-3-hydroxyphthioceranoyl-2'-sulfate-α-α'-d-trehalose (ac2sgl) is spec ...201627242221
comparison of two molecular assays for detecting smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis.to compare the performance of mtbdrplus v2 and xpert mtb/rif for detecting smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb).201627241735
antimycobacterial activity of new n(1)-[1-[1-aryl-3-[4-(1h-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-oxo]propyl]-pyridine-2-carboxamidrazone derivatives.n(1)-[1-[1-aryl-3-[4-(1h-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-oxo]propyl]-pyridine-2-carboxamidrazone derivatives were design, synthesized and tested for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity. the new compounds showed a moderate antimycobacterial activity against the tested strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37ra and a significant antimycobacterial activity against several mycobacteria other than tuberculosis strains.201627241693
a study on pre-xdr & xdr tuberculosis & their prevalent genotypes in clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis in north india.pre-extensively drug resistant (pre-xdr) and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb) have been areas of growing concern, and are posing threat to global efforts of tb control. the present study was planned to study the presence of pre-xdr and xdr mycobacterium tuberculosis and their genotypes in clinical isolates obtained from previously treated cases of pulmonary tb.201627241648
identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis leucyl-trna synthetase (leurs) inhibitors among the derivatives of 5-phenylamino-2h-[1,2,4]triazin-3-one.the increase of antibiotic resistance amongst mycobacterium tuberculosis strains has become one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine. therefore, the search of antibiotics against m. tuberculosis with novel mechanisms of action is very important. we have identified inhibitors of m. tuberculosis leucyl-trna synthetase (leurs) among the derivatives of 5-phenylamino-2h-[1,2,4]triazin-3-one. the most active compounds 5-(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-phenylamino)-6-methyl-2h-[1,2,4]triazin-3-one and ...201627241561
total synthesis of cyclomarins a, c and d, marine cyclic peptides with interesting anti-tuberculosis and anti-malaria activities.cyclomarins are cyclic heptapeptides containing four unusual amino acids. new synthetic protocols toward their synthesis have been developed, leading to the synthesis and biological evaluation of three natural occurring cyclomarins. interestingly, cyclomarins address two completely different targets: clp c1, a subunit of the caseinolytic protease of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), as well as pfap3ase of plasmodium falciparum. therefore, cyclomarins are interesting lead structures for the devel ...201627241518
discovery of in vitro antitubercular agents through in silico ligand-based approaches.the development of new anti-tubercular agents represents a constant challenge mostly due to the insurgency of resistance to the currently available drugs. in this study, a set of 60 molecules were selected by screening the asinex and the zinc collections and an in house library by means of in silico ligand-based approaches. biological assays in mycobacterium tuberculosis h37ra atcc 25177 strain highlighted (±)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1h-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)piperazine-1-carbox ...201627240272
tuberculous gastric abscess in a patient with aids: a rare presentation.tuberculosis is a healthcare concern that affects millions of individuals around the globe. coinfection with hiv has changed both the clinical presentation and the outcome of the disease dramatically in the last few decades. extrapulmonary tuberculosis is seen more frequently in the immunocompromised host. an unusual case of gastric tuberculosis in an aids patient is reported here. a 49-year-old female with aids was admitted for fever and epigastric pain. a gastric submucosal abscess was observe ...201627239353
spatially explicit modeling of animal tuberculosis at the wildlife-livestock interface in ciudad real province, spain.eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) and red deer (cervus elaphus) are the most important wildlife reservoirs for animal tuberculosis (tb) caused by the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc), in mediterranean spain. these species are considered to play an important role in the transmission and persistence of mtc in cattle in some regions; however the factors contributing to the risk of transmission at the wildlife-livestock interface and the areas at highest risk for such transmission are largely ...201627237396
hematemesis: unusual presentation of isolated gastric tuberculosis.a 25-year-old male presented with hematemesis, epigastric pain, and melena. he had dyspepsia with significant weight loss for 3 months period. on clinical examination, he was pale with no organomegaly or lymphadenopathy. the x-ray chest was normal, and ultrasound abdomen was normal. upper gi endoscopy revealed nodularity and ulceration along proximal part of lesser curvature of the stomach. ct scan abdomen showed thickening of lesser curvature just below gastro-esophageal junction. the biopsies ...201627235948
distal hydrogen-bonding interactions in ligand sensing and signaling by mycobacterium tuberculosis doss.mycobacterium tuberculosis doss is critical for the induction of m. tuberculosis dormancy genes in response to nitric oxide (no), carbon monoxide (co), or hypoxia. these environmental stimuli, which are sensed by the doss heme group, result in autophosphorylation of a doss his residue, followed by phosphotransfer to an asp residue of the response regulator dosr. to clarify the mechanism of gaseous ligand recognition and signaling, we investigated the hydrogen-bonding interactions of the iron-bou ...201627235395
antimicrobial peptides as novel anti-tuberculosis therapeutics.tuberculosis (tb), a disease caused by the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis, has recently joined hiv/aids as the world's deadliest infectious disease, affecting around 9.6 million people worldwide in 2014. of those, about 1.2 million died from the disease. resistance acquisition to existing antibiotics, with the subsequent emergence of multi-drug resistant mycobacteria strains, together with an increasing economic burden, has urged the development of new anti-tb drugs. in this scope, an ...201627235189
the type of growth medium affects the presence of a mycobacterial capsule and is associated with differences in protective efficacy of bcg vaccination against mycobacterium tuberculosis.bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) vaccine is widely used for the prevention of tuberculosis, despite limited efficacy. most immunological studies of bcg or mycobacterium tuberculosis strains grow bacteria in the presence of detergent, which also strips the mycobacterial capsule. the impact of the capsule on vaccine efficacy has not been explored.201627234419
human xenobiotic nuclear receptor pxr augments mycobacterium tuberculosis survival.mycobacterium tuberculosis can evade host defense processes, thereby ensuring its survival and pathogenesis. in this study, we investigated the role of nuclear receptor, pregnane x receptor (pxr), in m. tuberculosis infection in human monocyte-derived macrophages. in this study, we demonstrate that pxr augments m. tuberculosis survival inside the host macrophages by promoting the foamy macrophage formation and abrogating phagolysosomal fusion, inflammation, and apoptosis. additionally, m. tuberc ...201627233963
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic-based optimization of levofloxacin administration in the treatment of mdr-tb.the emergence of mdr-tb and xdr-tb has complicated tb treatment success. among many factors that contribute to the development of resistance, low drug exposure is not the least important. this review summarizes the available information on pharmacokinetic properties of levofloxacin in relation to microbial susceptibilities, in order to optimize the dose and make general treatment recommendations. a total of 37 studies on adult (32 studies) and paediatric (5 studies) mdr-tb patients were included ...201627231277
isoniazid-induced control of mycobacterium tuberculosis by primary human cells requires interleukin-1 receptor and tumor necrosis factor.proinflammatory cytokines are critical mediators that control mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) growth during active tuberculosis (atb). to further inhibit bacterial proliferation in diseased individuals, drug inhibitors of cell wall synthesis such as isoniazid (inh) are employed. however, whether inh presents an indirect effect on bacterial growth by regulating host cytokines during atb is not well known. to examine this hypothesis, we used an in vitro human granuloma system generated with prima ...201627230303
temporal expression of peripheral blood leukocyte biomarkers in a macaca fascicularis infection model of tuberculosis; comparison with human datasets and analysis with parametric/non-parametric tools for improved diagnostic biomarker identification.a temporal study of gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (pbls) from a mycobacterium tuberculosis primary, pulmonary challenge model macaca fascicularis has been conducted. pbl samples were taken prior to challenge and at one, two, four and six weeks post-challenge and labelled, purified rnas hybridised to operon human genome aros v4.0 slides. data analyses revealed a large number of differentially regulated gene entities, which exhibited temporal profiles of expression across the time ...201627228113
no significant effect of asap1 gene variants on the susceptibility to tuberculosis in chinese population.recent studies have proposed that the asap1 gene participates in regulating the adaptive immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. a gwas study has reported that asap1 polymorphisms (rs4733781 and rs10956514) were associated with the risk of tuberculosis (tb) in russians. but due to population heterogeneity, different races would have different causative polymorphisms, and the aim of this study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of th ...201627227929
exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis during flexible bronchoscopy in patients with unexpected pulmonary tuberculosis.recent guidelines recommend the use by healthcare personnel of a fit-tested n95 particulate respirator or higher-grade respiratory precaution in a patient undergoing bronchoscopy when pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) is suspected. however, ptb may be unexpectedly diagnosed in this setting and therefore not evaluated, resulting in the unexpected exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) of healthcare workers in the bronchoscopy suite. here, we examined the incidence of unexpected exposure to mtb d ...201627227408
the role of biotin in bacterial physiology and virulence: a novel antibiotic target for mycobacterium tuberculosis.biotin is an essential cofactor for enzymes present in key metabolic pathways such as fatty acid biosynthesis, replenishment of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and amino acid metabolism. biotin is synthesized de novo in microorganisms, plants, and fungi, but this metabolic activity is absent in mammals, making biotin biosynthesis an attractive target for antibiotic discovery. in particular, biotin biosynthesis plays important metabolic roles as the sole source of biotin in all stages of the mycoba ...201627227307
bedaquiline and pyrazinamide treatment responses are affected by pulmonary lesion heterogeneity in mycobacterium tuberculosis infected c3heb/fej mice.balb/c and swiss mice are routinely used to validate the effectiveness of tuberculosis drug regimens, although these mouse strains fail to develop human-like pulmonary granulomas exhibiting caseous necrosis. microenvironmental conditions within human granulomas may negatively impact drug efficacy, and this may not be reflected in non-necrotizing lesions found within conventional mouse models. the c3heb/fej mouse model has been increasingly utilized as it develops hypoxic, caseous necrotic granul ...201627227164
posttraumatic intracranial tuberculous subdural empyema in a patient with skull fracture.intracranial tuberculous subdural empyema (itse) is extremely rare. to our knowledge, only four cases of microbiologically confirmed itse have been reported in the english literature to date. most cases have arisen in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis regardless of trauma. a 46-year-old man presented to the emergency department after a fall. on arrival, he complained of pain in his head, face, chest and left arm. he was alert and oriented. an initial neurological examination was normal. radio ...201627226867
rifampin resistance mutations are associated with broad chemical remodeling of mycobacterium tuberculosis.global control of tuberculosis has become increasingly complicated with the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis first-line treatments are anchored by two antibiotics, rifampin and isoniazid. most rifampin resistance occurs through the acquisition of missense mutations in the rifampin resistance-determining region, an 81-base pair region encoding the rifampin binding site on the β subunit of rna polymerase (rpob). although these mutations confer a survival advan ...201627226566
structural characterization of cyp144a1 - a cytochrome p450 enzyme expressed from alternative transcripts in mycobacterium tuberculosis.mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) causes the disease tuberculosis (tb). the virulent mtb h37rv strain encodes 20 cytochrome p450 (cyp) enzymes, many of which are implicated in mtb survival and pathogenicity in the human host. bioinformatics analysis revealed that cyp144a1 is retained exclusively within the mycobacterium genus, particularly in species causing human and animal disease. transcriptomic annotation revealed two possible cyp144a1 start codons, leading to expression of (i) a "full-length ...201627225995
the unique functional role of the c-hs hydrogen bond in the substrate specificity and enzyme catalysis of type 1 methionine aminopeptidase.it is intriguing how nature attains recognition specificity between molecular interfaces where there is no apparent scope for classical hydrogen bonding or polar interactions. methionine aminopeptidase (metap) is one such enzyme where this fascinating conundrum is at play. in this study, we demonstrate that a unique c-hs hydrogen bond exists between the enzyme methionine aminopeptidase (metap) and its n-terminal-methionine polypeptide substrate, which allows specific interaction between apparent ...201627225936
personalized clinical diagnosis in data bases for treatment support in phthisiology.the decision-making is a key event in the clinical practice. the program products with clinical decision support models in electronic data-base as well as with fixed decision moments of the real clinical practice and treatment results are very actual instruments for improving phthisiological practice and may be useful in the severe cases caused by the resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. the methodology for gathering and structuring of useful information (critical clinical signals fo ...201627225556
rapid drug susceptibility testing of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates directly from clinical samples by use of amplicon sequencing: a proof-of-concept study.increasingly complex drug-resistant tuberculosis (dr-tb) is a major global health concern and one of the primary reasons why tb is now the leading infectious cause of death worldwide. rapid characterization of a dr-tb patient's complete drug resistance profile would facilitate individualized treatment in place of empirical treatment, improve treatment outcomes, prevent amplification of resistance, and reduce the transmission of dr-tb. the use of targeted next-generation sequencing (ngs) to obtai ...201627225403
tuberculids: cutaneous indicator diseases of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in young patients.in the past years the incidence of tuberculosis has dropped significantly in most parts of europe and the presentation of symptomatic tuberculosis cases have become increasingly rare. with the recent influx of refugees in europe coming from tuberculosis endemic areas like the middle east and africa, it is expected that the incidence of tuberculosis will increase.201627225025
isolated posterior scleritis associated with tuberculosis.ocular tuberculosis (tb) is considered to be rare, although its incidence has varied widely over time and in different populations. latent tb is diagnosed when a person is infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis but does not have active tb. during the last decade, interferon-gamma release assay tests have been developed that allow identification of patients with latent tb infection with better specificity than the tuberculin skin test and can differentiate between infection and prior vaccinatio ...201627224075
[spondylodiscitis in children and adolescents].spondylodiscitis in children is rare. the condition has an incidence of 2 to 4 % of all infectious skeletal diseases in children.201627221307
assembly of α-glucan by glge and glgb in mycobacteria and streptomycetes.actinomycetes, such as mycobacteria and streptomycetes, synthesize α-glucan with α-1,4 linkages and α-1,6 branching to help evade immune responses and to store carbon. α-glucan is thought to resemble glycogen except for having shorter constituent linear chains. however, the fine structure of α-glucan and how it can be defined by the maltosyl transferase glge and branching enzyme glgb were not known. using a combination of enzymolysis and mass spectrometry, we compared the properties of α-glucan ...201627221142
accurate diagnosis of latent tuberculosis in children, people who are immunocompromised or at risk from immunosuppression and recent arrivals from countries with a high incidence of tuberculosis: systematic review and economic evaluation.tuberculosis (tb), caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) [(zopf 1883) lehmann and neumann 1896], is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. nearly one-third of the world's population is infected with mtb; tb has an annual incidence of 9 million new cases and each year causes 2 million deaths worldwide.201627220068
loc-sers: a promising closed system for the identification of mycobacteria.a closed droplet based lab-on-a-chip (loc) device has been developed for the differentiation of six species of mycobacteria, i.e., both mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm), using surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (sers). the combination of a fast and simple bead-beating module for the disruption of the bacterial cell with the loc-sers device enables the application of an easy and reliable system for bacteria discrimination. without extraction or furth ...201627441738
rapid screening of mdr-tb in cases of extra pulmonary tuberculosis using geno type mtbdrplus.drug resistance in tuberculosis is a major public health challenge in developing countries. the limited data available on drug resistance in extra pulmonary tuberculosis stimulated us to design our study on anti-tuberculosis drug resistance pattern in cases of extra pulmonary tuberculosis in a tertiary referral hospital of north india. we performed geno type mtbdrplus assay in comparison with conventional drug susceptibility testing by proportion method to study the mutation patterns in rpob, ka ...201627441660
mycobacterium tuberculosis induces expansion of foxp3 positive cd4 t-cells with a regulatory profile in tuberculin non-sensitized healthy subjects: implications for effective immunization against tb.infection by mtb or exposure to mtb constituents is associated with intense microbial stimulation of the immune system, through both antigenic and tlr components, and induction of a milieu that is rich in pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines. here, we addressed the basis of induced regulatory t-cell (it-reg) expansion in response to mtb stimulation, in the absence of prior t cell antigen responsiveness.201627441095
first evaluation of genotype mtbdrplus 2.0 performed directly on respiratory specimens in central america.the turnaround times for conventional methods used to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples and to obtain drug susceptibility information are long in many developing countries, including panama, leading to delays in appropriate treatment initiation and continued transmission in the community. we evaluated the performance of a molecular line probe assay, the genotype mtbdrplus version 2.0 assay, in detecting m. tuberculosis complex directly in respiratory specimens from smear-positi ...201627440816
clinical profile of patients with tubercular subretinal abscess in a tertiary eye care center in southern india.to retrospectively analyze clinical features, laboratory investigations, treatment and visual outcomes in patients with tubercular subretinal abscess.201627437721
comparative study of genexpert with zn stain and culture in samples of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis.tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest communicable diseases. there are number of tests available for the diagnosis of tuberculosis but conventional microscopy has low sensitivity and culture although gold standard, but takes longer time for positivity. on the other side, nucleic acid amplification techniques due to its rapidity and sensitivity not only help in early diagnosis and management of tuberculosis especially in patients with high clinical suspicion like immunocompromised patients, h ...201627437212
mesenteric panniculitis in a thirteen-year-old korean boy treated with prednisolone: a case report.pediatric mesenteric panniculitis is an extremely rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by chronic inflammation, fat necrosis, and fibrosis in the mesenteric adipose tissue. a previously healthy 13-year-old boy was admitted because of right upper abdominal pain. an abdominal computed tomography scan revealed increased attenuation and enhancement in the left upper abdominal omental fat and anterior peritoneal wall thickening. a laparoscopic biopsy showed mesenteric panniculitis with chro ...201627437192
dehydrozingerone inspired styryl hydrazine thiazole hybrids as promising class of antimycobacterial agents.series of styryl hydrazine thiazole hybrids inspired from dehydrozingerone (dzg) scaffold were designed and synthesized by molecular hybridization approach. in vitro antimycobacterial activity of synthesized compounds was evaluated against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv strain. among the series, compound 6o exhibited significant activity (mic = 1.5 μm; ic50 = 0.48 μm) along with bactericidal (mbc = 12 μm) and intracellular antimycobacterial activities (ic50 = <0.098 μm). furthermore, 6o displa ...201627437078
katg ser315 and rpob 81-bp hotspot region substitutions: reliability for detection of drug-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. 201627436477
reduction of minimum inhibitory concentrations in drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in the presence of efflux pump inhibitors. 201627436475
haarlem 3 is the predominant genotype family in multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis in the capital of iran: a 5-year survey.the objective of this study was to further understand the genetic diversity of multidrug-resistant (mdr) and extensively drug-resistant (xdr) mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates prevalent in tehran, the capital city of iran. from january 2010 to march 2015, a total of 723 m. tuberculosis strains were isolated from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (tb). a total of 23 mdr, pre-xdr and xdr m. tuberculosis isolates were genotyped by spoligotyping and 24-loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive ...201627436458
mutations in rrs, rpsl and gidb in streptomycin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from thailand.the objectives of this study were to characterise mutations in rrs, rpsl and gidb genes in mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from thailand and to examine possible associations between mutations and strain genotypes. in total, 110 streptomycin (str)-resistant m. tuberculosis isolates and 51 str-susceptible isolates obtained from a sample collection in thailand during 1999-2011 were sequenced for mutation analysis in rrs, rpsl and gidb. genotypes of the isolates were identified using spoligotypi ...201627436385
determination of urinary neopterin/creatinine ratio to distinguish active tuberculosis from latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.background. biomarkers to distinguish latent from active mycobacterium (m.) tuberculosis infection in clinical practice are lacking. the urinary neopterin/creatinine ratio can quantify the systemic interferon-gamma effect in patients with m. tuberculosis infection. methods. in a prospective observational study, urinary neopterin levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in patients with active tuberculosis, in people with latent m. tuberculosis infection, and in healthy controls ...201627433370
pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis: where we are?in recent years, in spite of medical advancement, tuberculosis (tb) remains a worldwide health problem. although many laboratory methods have been developed to expedite the diagnosis of tb, delays in diagnosis remain a major problem in the clinical practice. because of the slow growth rate of the causative agent mycobacterium tuberculosis, isolation, identification, and drug susceptibility testing of this organism and other clinically important mycobacteria can take several weeks or longer. duri ...201627433173
n-methylation of a bactericidal compound as a resistance mechanism in mycobacterium tuberculosis.the rising incidence of antimicrobial resistance (amr) makes it imperative to understand the underlying mechanisms. mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is the single leading cause of death from a bacterial pathogen and estimated to be the leading cause of death from amr. a pyrido-benzimidazole, 14, was reported to have potent bactericidal activity against mtb. here, we isolated multiple mtb clones resistant to 14. each had mutations in the putative dna-binding and dimerization domains of rv2887, a ...201627432954
a potential target gene for the host-directed therapy of mycobacterial infection in murine macrophages.mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), one of the major bacterial pathogens for lethal infectious diseases, is capable of surviving within the phagosomes of host alveolar macrophages; therefore, host genetic variations may alter the susceptibility to mtb. in this study, to identify host genes exploited by mtb during infection, genes were non-selectively inactivated using lentivirus-based antisense rna methods in raw264.7 macrophages, and the cells that survived virulent mtb infection were then screen ...201627432120
successful treatment of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis due to mycobacterium iranicum.a 68-year-old man on peritoneal dialysis (pd) was hospitalized with the clinical picture of peritonitis. the patient was diagnosed with peritonitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) according to positive ziehl-neelsen staining and negative mycobacterium tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction results. oral levofloxacin and clarithromycin, and later intraperitoneal imipenem were started. according to the anti-ntm susceptibility test results, oral minocycline was administered. the patient ...201627432106
two new bioactive iridoids from rothmannia wittii.the first reported study of the isolation and identification of compounds from the bark and fruit of rothmannia wittii yielded two new iridoids, 6β-hydroxy-10-o-acetylgenipin (1) and 10-o-acetylmacrophyllide (2) together with six known iridoids; 6β-hydroxygenipin (3), genipin (4), garjasmine (5), cerbinal (6), and mixture of β-gardiol (7) and α-gardiol (8); benzoic acid (9); vanillic acid (10); and stigmasterol (11). their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. iridoid 1 showed ant ...201627431771
8-hydroxyquinolines are boosting agents of copper-related toxicity in mycobacterium tuberculosis.copper (cu) ions are likely the most important immunological metal-related toxin utilized in controlling bacterial infections. impairment of bacterial cu resistance reduces viability within the host. thus, pharmacological enhancement of cu-mediated antibacterial toxicity may lead to novel strategies in drug discovery and development. screening for cu toxicity-enhancing antibacterial molecules identified 8-hydroxyquinoline (8hq) to be a potent cu-dependent bactericidal inhibitor of mycobacterium ...201627431227
[experimental study of genexpert(®) system in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis].to explore the application value of genexpert mtb/rif for detection of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to rifampin.201627430924
[analysis of koch phenomenon of mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected guinea pigs vaccinated with recombinant tuberculosis vaccine aec/bc02].to observe the koch phenomenon of mycobacterium tuberculosis(mtb)-infected guinea pigs after vaccinated with killed h37ra bacteria or tuberculosis vaccine candidate aec/bc02.201627430923
hif-1α is an essential mediator of ifn-γ-dependent immunity to mycobacterium tuberculosis.the cytokine ifn-γ coordinates macrophage activation and is essential for control of pathogens, including mycobacterium tuberculosis however, the mechanisms by which ifn-γ controls m. tuberculosis infection are only partially understood. in this study, we show that the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (hif-1α) is an essential mediator of ifn-γ-dependent control of m. tuberculosis infection both in vitro and in vivo. m. tuberculosis infection of ifn-γ-activated macrophages results ...201627430718
synthesis, 3d-qsar analysis and biological evaluation of quinoxaline 1,4-di-n-oxide derivatives as antituberculosis agents.a series of quinoxaline 1,4-di-n-oxide derivatives variously substituted at c-2 position were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antimycobacterial activity. seventeen compounds exhibited potential activity (mic ⩽6.25μg/ml) against mycobacterium tuberculosis (h37rv), in particular the compounds 3d and 3j having an mic value of 0.39μg/ml. none of the compounds exhibited cytotoxicity when using an mtt assay in vero cells. to further investigate the structure-activity relationship, comfa (q(2)=0 ...201627426298
multicenter evaluation of a real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (realamp) test for rapid diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis.the real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (realamp) test is a novel technology for rapid diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) from sputum samples. this test has not previously been effectively evaluated. in this study, we assessed the performance of the realamp test for tuberculosis (tb) detection among tb suspected patients from three provincial hospitals in china. each eligible tb suspected patients in shanghai, guangzhou, and shandong provided one sputum specimen each, sme ...201627425377
Refresh
firstprev
...501502503504505506507508509510...
nextlast
Displaying items 50401 - 50500 of 53400