Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| viral hepatitis: indian scenario. | viral hepatitis is a cause for major health care burden in india and is now equated as a threat comparable to the "big three" communicable diseases - hiv/aids, malaria and tuberculosis. hepatitis a virus and hepatitis e virus are predominantly enterically transmitted pathogens and are responsible to cause both sporadic infections and epidemics of acute viral hepatitis. hepatitis b virus and hepatitis c virus are predominantly spread via parenteral route and are notorious to cause chronic hepatit ... | 2016 | 27546957 |
| which is safer source plasma for manufacturing in china: apheresis plasma or recovered plasma? | in most countries, the plasma for derivative production includes two types of plasma, apheresis plasma (ap) and recovered plasma (rp). however, the plasma recovered from whole blood is not permitted for manufacture in china. because of the lack of source plasma and the surplus of rp, the chinese government is considering allowing rp as an equivalent source for the production of plasma derivatives. it is known that human blood can be contaminated by various infectious agents. the objective of the ... | 2016 | 27167358 |
| disclosure of sexual orientation and uptake of hiv testing and hepatitis vaccination for rural men who have sex with men. | the decision and ability of primary care clinician to make recommendations for routine human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) testing and hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccines are shaped by knowledge of their patient's risk behaviors. for men who have sex with men, such knowledge requires disclosure of same-sex sexual behavior or sexual identity. | 2016 | 26951591 |
| sandwich immunoassays of multicomponent subtrace pathogenic dna based on magnetic fluorescent encoded nanoparticles. | a novel magnetic fluorescent encoded nanoimmunoassay system for multicomponent detection and separation of the subtrace pathogenic dna (hepatitis b virus surface gene, hbv; hepatitis a virus poly the protein gene, hav) was established based on new type of magnetic fluorescent encoded nanoparticles and sandwich immunoassay principle. this method combines multifunctional nanoparticles, immunoassay technique, fluorescence labeling, and magnetic separation of multicomponent technology. it has many a ... | 2016 | 26881227 |
| immunogenicity, effectiveness and safety of combined hepatitis a and b vaccine: a systematic literature review. | hepatitis a and b are two of the most common vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccination for hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) is recommended for those at risk of contracting hav and/or hbv through their occupation, travel or lifestyle. | 2016 | 26840060 |
| hepatitis a and b screening and vaccination rates among patients with chronic liver disease. | vaccinations against hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) are recommended for patients with chronic liver disease (cld), yet implementation of these recommendations is lacking. this study reviewed hav and hbv antibody testing and vaccination status of patients with cld. in 2008, we began using pre-printed liver order sets, which included vaccination options. we compared scott & white liver clinic cld patient records from 2005 (238) with patient records from 2008 (792). screening r ... | 2016 | 26836326 |
| the impact of chronic carrier of hepatitis b virus on liver function in a 7-day ultramarathon race. | several changes in physiological characteristics occur during long-distance and 24-hour ultramarathons, including hyponatremia, skeletal muscle breakdown, plasma volume changes, iron depletion, anemia, and possible hepatic damage. the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of hepatitis b virus (hbv) carrier status on liver function during multi-day races. | 2016 | 26809857 |
| hepatitis a seroprevalence in patients with chronic viral hepatitis in konya, turkey. | hepatitis a is among the diseases that can be prevented with vaccination in our time. acute hepatitis a progresses more severely in individuals with a liver disease. therefore, patients with a chronic liver disease (because of hepatitis b or hepatitis c) are advised vaccination with the hepatitis a vaccine. this study is aimed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) antibodies in patients infected with hepatitis c virus or hepatitis b virus in konya province of turkey. | 2016 | 26703930 |
| rates of hiv and hepatitis infections in clients entering heroin-assisted treatment between 2003 and 2013 and risk factors for hepatitis c infection. | we report on the rates of hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in 1,313 clients entering heroin-assisted treatment (hat) in switzerland from 2003 to 2013. we identify predictors of hcv infection. | 2016 | 26656112 |
| multiplex qpcr for serodetection and serotyping of hepatitis viruses: a brief review. | the present review describes the current status of multiplex quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) assays developed and used globally for detection and subtyping of hepatitis viruses in body fluids. several studies have reported the use of multiplex qpcr for the detection of hepatitis viruses, including hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis d virus (hdv), and hepatitis e virus (hev). in addition, multiplex qpcr has also been develo ... | 2016 | 27239109 |
| multiplex reverse transcriptase-pcr for simultaneous detection of hepatitis b, c, and e virus. | the hepatitis b virus (hbv), hcv, and hev may occur as singly or concurrently in patients of different kind of liver disease. the rapid, reliable, and cost-effective screening of these pathogens is required for the large epidemiological studies. therefore, a study has been planned to develop a multiplex reverse transcriptase-pcr assay which can be used for the screening of maximum number of pathogens at a time. | 2016 | 27194894 |
| acute viral hepatitis in pediatric age groups. | our clinical experience showed that there has been no decrease in pediatric cases of acute viral hepatitis in kathmandu. the objective of the study was to analyze the etiology, clinical features, laboratory parameters, sonological findings and other to determine the probable prognostic factors of acute viral hepatitis in pediatric population. | 2016 | 26905549 |
| transverse myelitis in acute hepatitis a infection: the rare co-occurrence of hepatology and neurology. | transverse myelitis refers to the inflammatory process involving the spinal cord. clinical features can be either acute or subacute onset that results in neurological deficits such as weakness and/or numbness of extremities as well as autonomic dysfunctions. while there are some etiologies related, a viral infection is common. however, the hepatitis a virus rarely causes myelitis. this report provides details of a hepatitis a infectious patient who developed myelitis as comorbidity. although, th ... | 2016 | 27403101 |
| ultrafiltration and microarray for detection of microbial source tracking marker and pathogen genes in riverine and marine systems. | pathogen identification and microbial source tracking (mst) to identify sources of fecal pollution improve evaluation of water quality. they contribute to improved assessment of human health risks and remediation of pollution sources. an mst microarray was used to simultaneously detect genes for multiple pathogens and indicators of fecal pollution in freshwater, marine water, sewage-contaminated freshwater and marine water, and treated wastewater. dead-end ultrafiltration (deuf) was used to conc ... | 2016 | 26729716 |
| novel picornavirus in domestic rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus var. domestica). | picornaviruses (family picornaviridae) are small, non-enveloped viruses with positive sense, single-stranded rna genomes. the numbers of the novel picornavirus species and genera are continuously increasing. picornaviruses infect numerous vertebrate species from fish to mammals, but have not been identified in a member of the lagomorpha order (pikas, hares and rabbits). in this study, a novel picornavirus was identified in 16 (28.6%) out of 56 faecal samples collected from clinically healthy rab ... | 2016 | 26588888 |
| molecular genotyping of duck hepatitis a viruses (dhav) in vietnam. | the aim of this study was to identify the genetic characteristics and molecular genotyping of duck hepatitis a virus (dhav) isolated in vietnam during 2009-2013. | 2016 | 27694732 |
| developing a salivary antibody multiplex immunoassay to measure human exposure to environmental pathogens. | the etiology and impacts of human exposure to environmental pathogens are of major concern worldwide and, thus, the ability to assess exposure and infections using cost effective, high-throughput approaches would be indispensable. this manuscript describes the development and analysis of a bead-based multiplex immunoassay capable of measuring the presence of antibodies in human saliva to multiple pathogens simultaneously. saliva is particularly attractive in this application because it is noninv ... | 2016 | 27685162 |
| hepatitis virus infections in poultry. | viral hepatitis in poultry is a complex disease syndrome caused by several viruses belonging to different families including avian hepatitis e virus (hev), duck hepatitis b virus (dhbv), duck hepatitis a virus (dhav-1, -2, -3), duck hepatitis virus types 2 and 3, fowl adenoviruses (fadv), and turkey hepatitis virus (thv). while these hepatitis viruses share the same target organ, the liver, they each possess unique clinical and biological features. in this article, we aim to review the common an ... | 2016 | 27610716 |
| development and evaluation of indirect elisas for the detection of igg, igm and iga1 against duck hepatitis a virus 1. | duck hepatitis a virus 1 (dhav-1) is the principal pathogen that causes duck viral hepatitis (dhv), a highly fatal infectious disease in ducklings. given the importance of the humoral immune response in the clearance of dhav-1, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (i-elisas) to detect immune indices, including igg, igm and iga1, were developed and evaluated in this study. the optimal concentrations of coating-antigen were 1.79μg/ml, 2.23μg/ml and 2.23μg/ml for igg, igm and iga1, respectiv ... | 2016 | 27577105 |
| a one-step duplex rrt-pcr assay for the simultaneous detection of duck hepatitis a virus genotypes 1 and 3. | duck hepatitis a virus (dhav) is a highly infectious pathogen that causes significant bleeding lesions in the viscera of ducklings less than 3 weeks old. there are three serotypes of dhav: serotype 1 (dhav-1), serotype 2 (dhav-2) and serotype 3 (dhav-3). these serotypes have no cross-antigenicity with each other. to establish an rrt-pcr assay for the rapid detection of a mixed infection of dhav-1 and dhav-3, two pairs of primers and a pair of matching taqman probes were designed based on conserv ... | 2016 | 27435338 |
| co-infection of dengue fever and hepatitis a in a russian traveler. | we report a hepatitis a (hav) and dengue virus (denv) co-infection in russian man who had been traveling to dominican republic. at admission to the hospital hemorrhagic and jaundice symptoms were observed in patient. pcr tests of blood serum and urine revealed rna dengue virus type 3, hav rna, anti-hav-igm. | 2016 | 27516967 |
| live attenuated vaccine based on duck enteritis virus against duck hepatitis a virus types 1 and 3. | as causative agents of duck viral hepatitis, duck hepatitis a virus type 1 (dhav-1) and type 3 (dhav-3) causes significant economic losses in the duck industry. however, a licensed commercial vaccine that simultaneously controls both pathogens is currently unavailable. here, we generated duck enteritis virus recombinants (rc-kce-2vp1) containing both vp1 from dhav-1 (vp1/dhav-1) and vp1 from dhav-3 (vp1/dhav-3) between ul27 and ul26. a self-cleaving 2a-element of fmdv was inserted between the tw ... | 2016 | 27777571 |
| improving virus production through quasispecies genomic selection and molecular breeding. | virus production still is a challenging issue in antigen manufacture, particularly with slow-growing viruses. deep-sequencing of genomic regions indicative of efficient replication may be used to identify high-fitness minority individuals suppressed by the ensemble of mutants in a virus quasispecies. molecular breeding of quasispecies containing colonizer individuals, under regimes allowing more than one replicative cycle, is a strategy to select the fittest competitors among the colonizers. a s ... | 2016 | 27808108 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis e virus infection during pregnancy in benin. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the cause of enterically transmitted non-a, non-c hepatitis (an infection that is particularly severe during pregnancy) in tropical and subtropical countries. as there are no published data concerning the prevalence of hev antibodies in benin, their presence was investigated in pregnant women undergoing routine hiv screening in a rural area in northern benin and in pregnant women with acute non-a, non-c hepatitis. | 2016 | 26523476 |
| effect of process temperature on virus inactivation during high hydrostatic pressure processing of contaminated fruit puree and juice. | high pressure processing (hpp) can inactivate pathogens and retain fruit qualities. elevated hpp pressure or time increases virus inactivation, but the effect of temperature is not consistently observed for norovirus and hepatitis a virus. in the present study, the effectiveness of hpp holding temperatures (<40°c) and pressures were evaluated for inactivating surrogates (murine norovirus [mnv] and ms2 coliphage) in pomegranate and strawberry juices and strawberry puree using a 24-liter hpp syste ... | 2016 | 28221934 |
| an outbreak of acute hepatitis caused by genotype ib hepatitis a viruses contaminating the water supply in thailand. | in 2000, an outbreak of acute hepatitis a was reported in a province adjacent to bangkok, thailand. | 2016 | 28208132 |
| [acute myelitis and viral hepatitis: about a case]. | hepatitis a virus can manifest with severe and unusual neurological attack. we report the case of a 59-year old man with balance disorder associated with lower limb paresthesias and sphincter disorders. spinal mri was in favor of acute myelitis. etiologic assessment showed viral hepatitis a (hva) -specific igm virus as the sole abnormality. despite high-dose corticosteroid therapy, only partial recovery was seen. a systematic etiologic search for infection caused by hepatitis a virus (hav) shoul ... | 2016 | 28292034 |
| prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus, hepatitis a virus and enterovirus in water samples collected from different region of peshawar, pakistan. | viral gastroenteritis and other water-borne diseases are the most neglected areas of research in pakistan. to determine the quality of water, 4 enteric viruses were studied from different localities of peshawar, pakistan. the study validates the viral detection method for rotavirus (rv), human adenovirus (hadv), enterovirus (ev) and hepatitis a virus (hav), directly from water sources of rural areas of peshawar, kpk, pakistan. overall, 95 five water samples were tested; among them, 9.47% were po ... | 2016 | 28030926 |
| evidence for hepatitis a virus endemic circulation in israel despite universal toddlers' vaccination since 1999 and low clinical incidence in all age groups. | universal toddlers vaccination (utv) introduced in 1999, reduced hepatitis a incidence in israel from 50.4 to <1.0/100,000. the current hepatitis a virus (hav) molecular epidemiology in israel was studied 13-14y post utv introduction.. | 2016 | 28013247 |
| are municipal solid waste collectors at increased risk of hepatitis a virus infection? a greek cross-sectional study. | municipal solid waste collectors are reportedly at risk for hepatitis a virus infection (hav) as an occupational hazard. we aimed to investigate the prevalence and possible risk factors of hav infection among solid waste collectors in a municipality of the broader region of attica, greece. a cross-sectional sero-prevalence study was conducted. fifty (n=50) waste collectors participated in the study (response rate: 95%). the group of municipal waste collectors was compared to a convenient sample ... | 2016 | 28011965 |
| long-term durability of responses to 2 or 3 doses of hepatitis a vaccination in hiv-positive adults on antiretroviral therapy. | previous studies have shown that the durability of serological response is impaired in successfully vaccinated hiv-positive subjects after receiving 2 doses of inactivated hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccine. we aimed to evaluate whether 3 doses compared to 2 doses of hav vaccine could improve the long-term seroprotection for this susceptible group. | 2016 | 28011921 |
| hepatitis a seroprevalence in public school children in campos dos goytacazes, rio de janeiro state, brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis a universal childhood vaccination. | this cross-sectional study was carried out between august 2011 and july 2012 in the city of campos dos goytacazes in rio de janeiro state, brazil. dried blood spot samples were collected on filter paper from 919 individuals between the ages of 1 and 19 and were tested for antibodies against the hepatitis a virus (anti-hav). the total prevalence was 20.7%, while 94.7% of children under the age of 5 were found to be susceptible to hav infection. the prevalence of anti-hav increased with age, reach ... | 2016 | 27982290 |
| food-borne viruses in shellfish: investigation on norovirus and hav presence in apulia (se italy). | shellfish are an important vehicle for transmission of food-borne pathogens including norovirus (nov) and hepatitis a virus (hav). the risks related with consumption of shellfish are greater if these products are eaten raw or slightly cooked. as molluscs are filter-feeding organisms, they are able to concentrate pathogens dispersed in the water. data on shellfish viral contamination are therefore useful to obtain a background information on the presence of contamination in the environment, chief ... | 2016 | 27943110 |
| biliary secretion of quasi-enveloped human hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is an unusual picornavirus that is released from cells cloaked in host-derived membranes. these quasi-enveloped virions (ehav) are the only particle type circulating in blood during infection, whereas only nonenveloped virions are shed in feces. the reason for this is uncertain. hepatocytes, the only cell type known to support hav replication in vivo, are highly polarized epithelial cells with basolateral membranes facing onto hepatic (blood) sinusoids and apical membrane ... | 2016 | 27923925 |
| changes in cellular proliferation and plasma products are associated with liver failure. | to study the differences in immune response and cytokine profile between acute liver failure and self-limited acute hepatitis. | 2016 | 27917263 |
| conjugated bilirubin differentially regulates cd4+ t effector cells and t regulatory cell function through outside-in and inside-out mechanisms: the effects of hav cell surface receptor and intracellular signaling. | we recently reported an immune-modulatory role of conjugated bilirubin (cb) in hepatitis a virus (hav) infection. during this infection the immune response relies on cd4+ t lymphocytes (tls) and it may be affected by the interaction of hav with its cellular receptor (havcr1/tim-1) on t cell surface. how cb might affect t cell function during hav infection remains to be elucidated. herein, in vitro stimulation of cd4+ tls from healthy donors with cb resulted in a decrease in the degree of intrace ... | 2016 | 27578921 |
| solubility as a limiting factor for expression of hepatitis a virus proteins in insect cell-baculovirus system. | the use of recombinant proteins may represent an alternative model to inactivated vaccines against hepatitis a virus (hav). the present study aimed to express the vp1 protein of hav in baculovirus expression vector system (bevs). the vp1 was expressed intracellularly with molecular mass of 35 kda. the vp1 was detected both in the soluble fraction and in the insoluble fraction of the lysate. the extracellular expression of vp1 was also attempted, but the protein remained inside the cell. to verif ... | 2016 | 27581123 |
| evidence of the circulation of hepatitis a virus, subgenotype ia, in environmental samples from antioquia, colombia. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is an important pathogen, typically transmitted via the faecal-oral route. the epidemiology of the infection is directly related to drinking water access and adequate disposal of sewage water. | 2016 | 27622803 |
| a family cluster of hepatitis a virus due to an uncommon ia strain circulating in campania (southern italy), not associated with raw shellfish or berries: a wake-up call to implement vaccination against hepatitis a? | hepatitis a virus is a widely occurring disease, with different prevalence rates between countries in the north and west and those in the south and east. in italy endemicity is low/medium, but not homogeneously distributed: in the northern/central regions a large hepatitis a outbreak due to genotype ia, related to the consumption of contaminated mixed frozen berries, occurred between 2013 and 2014, whereas in southern italian regions recurrent outbreaks of hepatitis a, due to the ib genotype, st ... | 2016 | 27668904 |
| sporadic adult acute viral hepatitis in northeast india is predominantly hepatitis a virus related. | 2016 | 27640427 | |
| comprehensive profiling and characterization of cellular mirnas in response to hepatitis a virus infection in human fibroblasts. | hepatitis a virus (hav), the causative agent of acute hepatitis, grows slowly without causing any cytopathic effect (cpe) and lead to a persistent infection in the fibroblasts in vitro. mirnas play a key role in the viral pathogenesis and virus-host interactions. in this study, the comprehensive mirna expression profiles of hav-infected and uninfected fibroblasts were investigated by srna-seq and validated by rt-qpcr. the results showed that a total of 94 mirnas were differentially expressed dur ... | 2016 | 27590712 |
| hepatitis a immunity and region-of-origin in a swiss prison. | purpose - the environmental and demographic characteristics of closed institutions, particularly prisons, precipitate morbidity during hepatitis a virus (hav) outbreaks. given the high prevalence of chronic liver disease and other risk factors in the prison setting, the purpose of this paper is to examine hav-immunity and its associated factors in this population. design/methodology/approach - the cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009: a serology screening for hav igg was carried out among ... | 2016 | 27219907 |
| detection and molecular characterization of hepatitis a virus from tunisian wastewater treatment plants with different secondary treatments. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is the main causative agent of hepatitis infection associated with waterborne outbreaks worldwide. in tunisia, there is no specific surveillance system for hav and current secondary wastewater treatment processes are unable to remove viral particles, which present a potential public health problem. qualitative and quantitative analysis of hav in 271 raw and treated wastewater samples from five sewage treatment plants (stps) during 13 months was performed. moreover, the ef ... | 2016 | 27107113 |
| seroprevalence of igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus in at-risk group in benin city, nigeria. | 2016 | 27106172 | |
| immunity to hepatitis a and b persists for at least 15 years after immunisation of adolescents with a combined hepatitis a and b vaccine. | the exact duration of antibody persistence to hepatitis a and b and the need for booster dosing following primary immunisation remains undefined. a long-term study was designed to follow antibody persistence and immune memory on an annual basis for up to 15 years following vaccination during adolescence. | 2016 | 27105563 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus among iranian soldiers. | this study aims to investigate the seroprevalence of hav immunity among iranian soldiers and determine whether vaccination should be given to military draftees. | 2016 | 27099669 |
| changing epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis a in zhejiang province, china: increased susceptibility in adults. | hepatitis a is a common acute hepatitis caused by hepatitis a virus (hav). annually, it affects 1.4 million people worldwide. between 1991 and 1994, hav infections were highly endemic in zhejiang province (china), with 78,720 reported hav infections per year. hepatitis a vaccine came on the market in 1995 and was implemented for voluntary immunization. since 2008, hepatitis a vaccine has been integrated into the national childhood routine immunization program. | 2016 | 27093614 |
| long-term serologic follow-up of children vaccinated with a pediatric formulation of virosomal hepatitis a vaccine administered with routine childhood vaccines at 12-15 months of age. | the aim of this open-label, active-controlled, parallel group, phase 2 follow-up study was to assess the long-term immunogenicity of epaxal junior, the pediatric dose of an aluminum-free virosomal inactivated hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccine, in children receiving routine childhood vaccines (rcv). | 2016 | 27093164 |
| an outbreak of hepatitis a virus among children in a flood rescue camp: a post-disaster catastrophe. | we report an outbreak of acute viral hepatitis among children in a flood rescue camp at rudraprayag district of uttarakhand state, india. in may 2013, there was a disastrous natural calamity, the himalayan tsunami in himalayan and sub-himalayan region of uttarakhand. more than 5700 people were feared dead, and thousands were sheltered in different rescue camps. a linkage was hypothesised between the infected individuals and the common water sources feared of being contaminated faecally. aetiolog ... | 2016 | 27080781 |
| cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) experimentally infected with b19v and hepatitis a virus: no evidence of the co-infection as a cause of acute liver failure. | this study was conducted to analyse the course and the outcome of the liver disease in the co-infected animals in order to evaluate a possible synergic effect of human parvovirus b19 (b19v) and hepatitis a virus (hav) co-infection. nine adult cynomolgus monkeys were inoculated with serum obtained from a fatal case of b19v infection and/or a faecal suspension of acute hav. the presence of specific antibodies to hav and b19v, liver enzyme levels, viraemia, haematological changes, and necroinflamma ... | 2016 | 27074255 |
| optimizing a custom tiling microarray for low input detection and identification of unamplified virus targets. | viruses are major pathogens causing foodborne illnesses and are often present at low levels in foods, thus requiring sensitive techniques for their detection in contaminated foods. the lack of efficient culture methods for many foodborne viruses and the potential for multi-species viral contamination have driven investigation toward non-amplification based methods for virus detection and identification. a custom dna microarray (fda_evir) was assessed for its sensitivity in the detection and iden ... | 2016 | 27033182 |
| the impact of assumptions regarding vaccine-induced immunity on the public health and cost-effectiveness of hepatitis a vaccination: is one dose sufficient? | hepatitis a vaccination stimulates memory cells to produce an anamnestic response. in this study, we used a mathematical model to examine how long-term immune memory might convey additional protection against clinical/icteric infections. dynamic and decision models were used to estimate the expected number of cases, and the costs and quality-adjusted life-years (qalys), respectively. several scenarios were explored by assuming: (1) varying duration of vaccine-induced immune memory, (2) and/or va ... | 2016 | 27428611 |
| towards next-generation sequencing analytics for foodborne rna viruses: examining the effect of rna input quantity and viral rna purity. | detection and identification of viruses in food samples are technically challenging due largely to the low viral copy number in contaminated food items, and the lack of effective culture enrichment methods that are amenable to regulatory applications for many of the common foodborne viruses. using an illumina miseq platform and two hepatitis a virus (hav) cell-culture adapted strains as a representative enteric virus species, this study examined the limits of single-stranded rna (ssrna) viral de ... | 2016 | 27435336 |
| development of a one-step duplex rt-pcr method for the simultaneous detection of vp3/vp1 and vp1/p2b regions of the hepatitis a virus. | the simultaneous detection and accurate identification of hepatitis a virus (hav) is critical in food safety and epidemiological studies to prevent the spread of hav outbreaks. towards this goal, a one-step duplex reverse-transcription (rt)-pcr method was developed targeting the vp1/p2b and vp3/vp1 regions of the hav genome for the qualitative detection of hav. an hav rt-qpcr standard curve was produced for the quantification of hav rna. the detection limit of the duplex rt-pcr method was 2.8 × ... | 2016 | 27197668 |
| pattern of hepatitis a virus epidemiology in nursing students and adherence to preventive measures at two training wards of a university hospital. | nursing students can be exposed to patients with hepatitis a virus (hav) and can represent a vehicle of transmission both for health personnel, patients and relatives. | 2016 | 27195012 |
| the syrian refugees crisis brings challenges to the health authorities in europe: hepatitis a virus is a case in point. | 2016 | 27194123 | |
| hepatitis e virus and the safety of plasma products: investigations into the reduction capacity of manufacturing processes. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has been transmitted by transfusion of labile blood products and the occasional detection of hev rna in plasma pools indicates that hev viremic donations might enter the manufacturing process of plasma products. to verify the safety margins of plasma products with respect to hev, virus reduction steps commonly used in their manufacturing processes were investigated for their effectiveness to reduce hev. | 2016 | 26399175 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus differs in dutch and first generation migrant populations in amsterdam, the netherlands: a cross-sectional study. | in the last decade hepatitis e virus (hev) is increasingly recognized as a cause of acute viral hepatitis in developed countries. hev is transmitted via the fecal-oral route. in countries like the netherlands, hev infection is suspected to be a zoonosis but hev may also be introduced by migrants. we studied the seroprevalence of hev among different migrants, mainly moroccans and turks, and compared this to that of the native dutch population in amsterdam, the netherlands. | 2016 | 27825308 |
| hepatitis a virus and hepatitis e virus seroprevalence among blood donors in tehran, iran. | hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) are both transmitted by the fecal-oral route and are known as the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis in the world, especially in developing countries. there is a lack of updated data on hav and hev seroprevalence in iran. | 2016 | 27110256 |
| evaluation of rapid tests for diagnosis of acute hepatitis e. | hepatitis e virus diagnosis still presents difficulties due to discordant results among diagnostic tests. | 2016 | 26930580 |
| reduction of enteric viruses by blueberry juice and blueberry proanthocyanidins. | blueberry and blueberry extracts are known for their health benefits and antimicrobial properties. natural therapeutic or preventive options to decrease the incidences of foodborne viral illnesses are becoming popular and being researched. this study aimed to determine the antiviral effects of blueberry juice (bj) and blueberry proanthocyanidins (bb-pac, b-type pac structurally different from a-type pac found in cranberries) against the infectivity of hepatitis a virus (hav) and human norovirus ... | 2016 | 27299641 |
| efficacy of cinnamaldehyde against enteric viruses and its activity after incorporation into biodegradable multilayer systems of interest in food packaging. | cinnamaldehyde (cnma), an organic compound that gives cinnamon its flavor and odor, was investigated for its virucidal activity on norovirus surrogates, murine norovirus (mnv) and feline calicivirus (fcv), and hepatitis a virus (hav). initially, different concentrations of cnma (0.1, 0.5 and 1 %) were individually mixed with each virus at titers of ca. 6-7 log10 tcid50/ml and incubated 2 h at 4 and 37 °c. cnma was effective in reducing the titers of norovirus surrogates in a dose-dependent manne ... | 2016 | 27008344 |
| vaccinating adult patients with cirrhosis: trends over a decade in the united states. | introduction. the progression of chronic liver disease to cirrhosis involves both innate and adaptive immune system dysfunction resulting in increased risk of infectious complications. vaccinations against pneumococcus, hepatitis a virus (hav), and hepatitis b virus (hbv) are well tolerated and effective in disease prevention and reduction in morbidity and mortality. prior studies assessing vaccination rates in patients with cirrhosis have specific limitations and to date no study has provided a ... | 2016 | 27239192 |
| clinical analysis of patients suffering from chronic hepatitis b superinfected with other hepadnaviruses. | to compare the clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and prognoses of patients with chronic hepatitis b (chb) who were superinfected with hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis d virus (hdv), or hepatitis e virus (hev). two hundred and eleven patients with confirmed chb in our hospital, a tertiary teaching hospital in china, between 2005 and 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. among 211 patients with chb, 35 were superinfected with hav, 31 were superinfected with ... | 2016 | 26509653 |
| progress toward eliminating hepatitis a disease in the united states. | hepatitis a virus (hav) disease disproportionately affects adolescents and young adults, american indian/alaska native and hispanic racial/ethnic groups, and disadvantaged populations. during 1996-2006, the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) made incremental changes in hepatitis a (hepa) vaccination recommendations to increase coverage for children and persons at high risk for hav infection. this report examines the temporal association of acip-recommended hepa vaccination and d ... | 2016 | 26916458 |
| specific iga enhances the transcytosis and excretion of hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus (hav) replicates in the liver, and is excreted from the body in feces. however, the mechanisms of hav transport from hepatocytes to the gastrointestinal tract are poorly understood, mainly due to lack of suitable in vitro models. here, we use a polarized hepatic cell line and in vivo models to demonstrate vectorial transport of hav from hepatocytes into bile via the apical cell membrane. although this transport is specific for hav, the rate of fecal excretion in inefficient, ac ... | 2016 | 26911447 |
| serological detection of hepatitis a virus in free-ranging neotropical primates (sapajus spp., alouatta caraya) from the paraná river basin, brazil. | nonhuman primates are considered as the natural hosts of hepatitis a virus (hav), as well as other pathogens, and can serve as natural sentinels to investigate epizootics and endemic diseases that are of public health importance. during this study, blood samples were collected from 112 neotropical primates (ntps) (sapajus nigritus and s. cay, n = 75; alouatta caraya, n = 37) trap-captured at the paraná river basin, brazil, located between the states of paraná and mato grosso do sul. anti-hav igg ... | 2016 | 26910453 |
| presence of enteric viruses in water samples for consumption in colombia: challenges for supply systems. | since drinking water can be a vehicle for the transmission of pathogens, the detection of enteric viruses in these water samples is essential to establish the appropriate measures to control and prevent associated diseases. | 2016 | 27622806 |
| hepatitis a is a health hazard for iranian pilgrims who go to holly karbala: a preliminary report. | iraq is a highly endemic area for the prevalence of hepatitis a and annually hosts a large number of iranian pilgrims, most of whom are susceptible to infection with the hepatitis a virus (hav). | 2016 | 27630729 |
| hepatitis a virus-encoded mirnas attenuate the accumulation of viral genomic rnas in infected cells. | the establishment of persistent infection with hepatitis a virus (hav) is the common result of most hav/cell culture systems. previous observations show that the synthesis of viral rnas is reduced during infection. however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. we characterized three hav-encoded mirnas in our previous study. in this study, we aim to investigate the impact of these mirnas on the accumulation of viral rnas. the results indicated that the synthesis of viral genomic rnas wa ... | 2016 | 26936379 |
| a novel hepatovirus identified in wild woodchuck marmota himalayana. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is a hepatotropic picornavirus that causes acute liver disease worldwide. here, we report on the identification of a novel hepatovirus tentatively named marmota himalayana hepatovirus (mhhav) in wild woodchucks (marmota himalayana) in china. the genomic and molecular characterization of mhhav indicated that it is most closely related genetically to hav. mhhav has wide tissue distribution but shows tropism for the liver. the virus is morphologically and structurally simila ... | 2016 | 26924426 |
| persistence of seropositivity among persons vaccinated for hepatitis a during infancy by maternal antibody status: 15-year follow-up. | the effect of passively transferred maternal antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) on the duration of seropositivity after hepatitis a vaccination during infancy and early childhood is unclear. we obtained levels of anti-hav at intervals through age 15-16 years among three groups of alaskan native children who initiated a two-dose inactivated hepatitis a vaccination series at ages 6 months (group 1), 12 months (group 2), and 15 months (group 3), each group randomized according to maternal ant ... | 2016 | 26637987 |
| a phase 3, randomized, active-controlled study to assess the safety and tolerability of meningococcal serogroup b vaccine bivalent rlp2086 in healthy adolescents and young adults. | neisseria meningitidis serogroup b (mnb) is an important cause of invasive meningococcal disease (imd). a mnb vaccine (bivalent rlp2086, trumenba(®)) consisting of 2 factor h binding protein variants received accelerated approval in the united states for the prevention of imd caused by mnb in individuals 10-25 years of age. this randomized, active-controlled, observer-blind study further assessed the safety and tolerability of bivalent rlp2086. | 2016 | 26845739 |
| naturally circulating hepatitis a virus in olive baboons, uganda. | 2016 | 27315373 | |
| cost-effectiveness analysis of catch-up hepatitis a vaccination among unvaccinated/partially-vaccinated children. | since 2006, the us centers for disease control and prevention has recommended hepatitis a (hepa) vaccination routinely for children aged 12-23months to prevent hepatitis a virus (hav) infection. however, a substantial proportion of us children are unvaccinated and susceptible to infection. we present results of economic modeling to assess whether a one-time catch-up hepa vaccination recommendation would be cost-effective. | 2016 | 27317459 |
| mean platelet volume in hepatitis a. | hepatitis a virus (hav) still continues to be a serious public health problem worldwide. mean platelet volume (mpv) is a marker of platelet function and activation. this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mpv in acute hepatitis a patients as compared to the control group and to assess mpv as an acute phase reactant in acute hepatitis a. | 2016 | 27338056 |
| comparison of the safety and immunogenicity of live attenuated and inactivated hepatitis a vaccine in healthy chinese children aged 18 months to 16 years: results from a randomized, parallel controlled, phase iv study. | for large-scale immunization of children with hepatitis a (ha) vaccines in china, accurately designed studies comparing the safety and immunogenicity of the live attenuated ha vaccine (ha-l) and inactivated ha vaccine (ha-i) are necessary. a randomized, parallel controlled, phase iv clinical trial was conducted with 6000 healthy children aged 18 months to 16 years. ha-l or ha-i was administered at a ratio of 1: 1 to randomized selected participants. the safety and immunogenicity were evaluated. ... | 2016 | 27345175 |
| clinical features and transmission pattern of hepatitis a: an experience from a hepatitis a outbreak caused by two cocirculating genotypes in sri lanka. | sri lanka is one of the intermediate-endemic areas for hepatitis a virus (hav), and concerns exist about the increasing hav-susceptible population. in fact, sri lanka recorded a large hepatitis outbreak, possibly hepatitis a, around the end of the sri lankan war. it included more than 14,000 patients consisting of local residents, internally displaced personnel, and military personnel in the main combat zone. the outbreak had slowed down by october 2009; however, acute viral hepatitis continued ... | 2016 | 27382079 |
| comparison of immunogenicity and persistence between inactivated hepatitis a vaccine healive® and havrix® among children: a 5-year follow-up study. | inactivated vaccines for hepatitis a virus (hav) infection are widely used in china. mass vaccination programs drive the need for data on long-term persistence of vaccine-induced protection. | 2016 | 27385349 |
| hepatitis a in korea from 2011 to 2013: current epidemiologic status and regional distribution. | the hepatitis a virus (hav) has been the leading cause of viral hepatitis in korea since the 2000s. we aimed to describe the current status and regional differences in hepatitis a incidence. we studied the total number of hepatitis a cases reported to the korea centers for disease control and prevention through the national infectious diseases surveillance system between 2011 and 2013. additionally, national health insurance review and assessment service data and national population data from st ... | 2016 | 26770040 |
| dietary plant stanol ester consumption improves immune function in asthma patients: results of a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. | in vitro and ex vivo studies have suggested that plant sterols and stanols can shift the t helper (th) 1/th2 balance toward a th1-type immune response, which may be beneficial in th2-dominant conditions such as asthma and allergies. | 2016 | 26762374 |
| seroprevalence of igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus in at-risk group in benin city, nigeria. | 2016 | 28349840 | |
| cellular localization and effects of ectopically expressed hepatitis a virus proteins 2b, 2c, 3a and their intermediates 2bc, 3ab and 3abc. | in the course of hepatitis a virus (hav) infections, the seven nonstructural proteins and their intermediates are barely detectable. therefore, little is known about their functions and mechanisms of action. ectopic expression of the presumably membrane-associated proteins 2b, 2c, 3a and their intermediates 2bc, 3ab and 3abc allowed the intracellular localization of these proteins and their possible function during the replication cycle of hav to be investigated. in this study, we used rhesus mo ... | 2016 | 26711455 |
| epidemiological and clinical analysis of hepatitis virus a infections during three successive outbreaks in sfax (tunisia) between 2007 and 2010. | to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hav infection during three successive outbreaks occurring between 2007 and 2010 in the governorate of sfax. epidemiological and clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed from the outbreak investigations. the diagnosis of acute hepatitis a was confirmed by elisa detection of immunoglobulin m serum antibodies to hav. 443 patients were identified and 159 of them investigated. their mean age was 12.2 years and the m/f ratio ... | 2016 | 27412977 |
| viral hepatitis: a mouse model of hepatitis a virus infection. | 2016 | 27729656 | |
| comparison of concentration methods for detection of hepatitis a virus in water samples. | hepatitis a virus is a pathogen associated with water pollution. contaminated drinking water can cause hepatitis a outbreaks, lead to economic losses, and even threaten human lives. it is difficult to detect low levels of hepatitis a virus in water, so the virus must be concentrated in order to quantify it accurately. here, we present a simple, rapid, efficient technique for the concentration and detection of hepatitis a virus in water. our data showed that adding phosphate-buffered saline to th ... | 2016 | 27535067 |
| a review of immunogenicity and tolerability of live attenuated hepatitis a vaccine in children. | changing epidemiology of hepatitis a virus (hav) has led to an increased susceptibility of adolescents and adults to the infection. vaccination can remarkably reduce the incidence and associated morbidity of hav infection. this review is focused on the safety and efficacy of h2 strain derived live attenuated hepatitis a vaccine. we found the vaccine to be highly immunogenic with minimal or negligible safety issues. moreover, a single dose of live attenuated vaccine persists a long term immune re ... | 2016 | 27532370 |
| acute liver failure caused by hepatitis a virus with dengue coinfection. | 2016 | 27493466 | |
| a rare association of hepatitis a virus infection with type-1 diabetes. | patients with type-1 diabetes are predisposed to develop a spectrum of liver diseases, which includes fatty liver, steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. the association of hepatitis a infection with type-1 diabetes is extremely rare. to the best of our knowledge, our case is the first case report in children. we described a nine year-old girl who had type-1 diabetes and developed hepatitis a virus infection without complications. a review of the literature is also provided. | 2016 | 27478582 |
| hepatitis a virus vaccination in iranian soldiers needs more attention. | 2016 | 27458517 | |
| efficacy of domestic cooking inactivation of human hepatitis a virus in experimentally infected manila clams (ruditapes philippinarum). | the aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of domestic cooking in inactivating manila clams experimentally infected with human hepatitis a virus (hav). | 2016 | 27451131 |
| invader assisted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for colorimetric detection of disease biomarkers using oligonucleotide probe-modified gold nanoparticles. | we successfully developed an invader assisted elisa assay (iaelisa) for sensitive detection of disease biomarkers. the method includes three key steps as follows; biotinylated detection antibody was at first used to capture targeted antigen by sandwich elisa. the biotinylated oligonucleotide was then attached to detection antibody via streptavidin. finally, the cascade invader reactions were employed to amplify the biotinylated oligonucleotide specific to the antigen so that detection of the ant ... | 2016 | 27301208 |
| investigation of parasitic and viral pathogens in mussels (mytilus galloprovincialis) in the gulf of izmir, turkey. | to investigate microsporidia spp. parasite, hepatitis a virus (hav), and norovirus (nov) contamination in mussels collected from 8 stations in the inner, middle, and outer regions of the gulf of izmir. | 2016 | 27279520 |
| application of laser correlation spectroscopy for measuring virus size. | dynamic light scattering method or laser correlation spectroscopy was applied to evaluation of the size of viruses. we measured correlation functions of the light scattered by human immunodeficiency viruses (hiv) and hepatitis a viruses (hav) and found that size of hiv-1 (subtype a and b) and hav virions were 104 nm and 28 nm, respectively. comparison of these findings with electron microscopy data for fixed samples of the same viruses showed good agreement of the results. | 2016 | 27270934 |
| propidium monoazide rtqpcr assays for the assessment of hepatitis a inactivation and for a better estimation of the health risk of contaminated waters. | the waterborne transmission of hepatitis a virus (hav), the main cause of acute hepatitis, is well documented. recently, two iso proposals for sensitive determination of this pathogen by rtqpcr in water and food have been published (iso/ts 15216-1 and iso/ts 15216-2), and could enable the formulation of regulatory standards for viruses in the near future. however, since detected viral genomes do not always correlate with virus infectivity, molecular approaches need to be optimized to better pred ... | 2016 | 27262550 |
| progressive liver failure post acute hepatitis a, over a three-month period, resulting in hepatorenal syndrome and death. | hepatitis a is a common viral illness worldwide. it usually results in an acute, self-limiting disease and only rarely leads to fulminant hepatic failure or any other complications. during the period of conflict in syria, and due to the damages to water infrastructure and poor sanitation, a dramatic increase in hepatitis a virus infection has been documented. here we report a rare case of a 14-year-old male whose hepatitis a was complicated with hepatorenal syndrome and subacute liver failure. t ... | 2016 | 27247182 |
| identification of enteric viruses in foods from mexico city. | foodborne viruses are a common and, probably, the most under-recognized cause of outbreaks of gastroenteritis. among the main foods involved in the transmission of human enteric viruses are mollusks, and fruits and vegetables irrigated with wastewater and/or washed with non-potable water or contaminated by contact with surfaces or hands of the infected personnel during its preparation. in this study, 134 food samples were analyzed for the detection of norovirus, rotavirus, and hepatitis a virus ... | 2016 | 27221088 |
| comparison of the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis a in 10 to 18-year-old adolescents of sixteen iranian provinces: the caspian-iii study. | hepatitis a is a common health concern both in developing and developed countries. hygienic and socioeconomic parameters deeply impact the prevalence and transmission of this disease. evaluating the epidemiological distribution and risk factors for hepatitis a virus (hav) is necessary for policy makers to improve local and national preventive measures. | 2016 | 27822259 |
| quantitative pcr detection and characterisation of human adenovirus, rotavirus and hepatitis a virus in discharged effluents of two wastewater treatment facilities in the eastern cape, south africa. | the occurrence of enteric viruses in reclaimed wastewater, their removal by efficient treatment processes and the public health hazards associated with their release into the environments are of great significance in environmental microbiology. in this study, taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) was used to assess the prevalence of human adenovirus (hadv), rotavirus (rv) and hepatitis a virus (hav) in the final effluents of two wastewater treatment plants in the eastern cape p ... | 2016 | 27236707 |
| hospitalization and mortality due to hepatitis a in taiwan: a 15-year nationwide cohort study. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is the most common food-borne hepatitis in the world. the study objectives were (i) to describe the epidemiology of hav-related hospitalizations during 1997-2011 in taiwan, (ii) to examine the age effect on the length of stay (los) in hospital and (iii) to study the factors associated with death. the hospitalized cases were identified from the taiwan national health insurance research database between 1997 and 2011 by icd-9-cm code of 070.0/070.1. patient sex, birthday, d ... | 2016 | 27386835 |