Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| gene transfer potential of outer membrane vesicles of acinetobacter baylyi and effects of stress on vesiculation. | outer membrane vesicles (omvs) are continually released from a range of bacterial species. numerous functions of omvs, including the facilitation of horizontal gene transfer (hgt) processes, have been proposed. in this study, we investigated whether omvs contribute to the transfer of plasmids between bacterial cells and species using gram-negative acinetobacter baylyi as a model system. omvs were extracted from bacterial cultures and tested for the ability to vector gene transfer into population ... | 2014 | 24657872 |
| copy number variation of the beta defensin gene cluster on chromosome 8p influences the bacterial microbiota within the nasopharynx of otitis-prone children. | as there is increasing evidence that aberrant defensin expression is related to susceptibility for infectious disease and inflammatory disorders, we sought to determine if copy number of the beta-defensin gene cluster located on chromosome 8p23.1 (defb107, 106, 105, 104, 103, defb4 and spag11), that shows copy number variation as a block, was associated with susceptibility to otitis media (om). the gene defb103 within this complex encodes human beta defensin-3 (hbd-3), an antimicrobial peptide ( ... | 2014 | 24867293 |
| population based cohort study for pediatric infectious diseases research in vietnam. | a population-based cohort study on pediatric infectious diseases was established at khanh hoa province, central vietnam in 2006, to determine the etiology and risk factors for severe pediatric infectious diseases (spid) such as acute respiratory infection (ari), diarrhea and dengue which are the major causes of under 5 mortality. a population census survey was conducted in nha-trang and ninh-hoa to collect demographic, social-behavioral data and disease burden on spid. the study site covered a p ... | 2014 | 25425951 |
| the role of a radiology electronic notification system in the emergency department setting and its impact on patient care. | to determine the impact of a radiology electronic notification system (ens) on emergency department (ed) patient care. | 2014 | 24883152 |
| changing patterns of bacterial strains in adults and children with otitis media in korean tertiary care centers. | otitis media (om) is an infectious disease that affects all age brackets. aural discharge is a typical symptom, occurring in all subtypes of om. we have compared the identity and antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from aural discharges of adults and children with various types of om, including acute om (aom), om with effusion (ome), chronic om (com), and cholesteatomatous om (csom). | 2014 | 24917902 |
| community-acquired pneumonia caused by carbapenem-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae: re-examining its prevention and treatment. | a 73-year-old man with no significant past medical history or any history of health care visits was hospitalized for pneumonia. sputum culture revealed multidrug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae, even to carbapenems. the patient was later treated successfully with levofloxacin. throat cultures from his two grandchildren revealed s. pneumoniae with the same susceptibility pattern. analysis for resistant genes revealed gprsp (pbp1a + pbp2x + pbp2b gene variants) in both the patient and his grand ... | 2014 | 24899822 |
| acute renal failure associated with albendazole therapy in a patient with trichinosis. | a 72-year-old caucasian woman presented with a 3-week history of confusion, cramping abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fatigue and dehydration. by history, she reported consumption of raw pork and bacon that was salted and cured in brine, but not boiled or cooked. laboratory testing was significant for an absolute eosinophil count of 3.09×10(9)/l. she was found to have a positive trichinella serology by elisa testing. based on history of raw pork consumption, symptoms, peripheral eosi ... | 2014 | 24842347 |
| bacterial vaccines and antibiotic resistance. | spread of antibiotic resistance is mediated by clonal lineages of bacteria that besides being resistant also possess other properties promoting their success. some vaccines already in use, such as the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, have had an effect on these successful clones, but at the same time have allowed for the expansion and resistance evolution of previously minor clones not covered by the vaccine. since resistance frequently is horizontally transferred it will be difficult to generat ... | 2014 | 24694025 |
| development and validation of a real-time pcr for chlamydia suis diagnosis in swine and humans. | pigs are the natural host for chlamydia suis, a pathogen which is phylogenetically highly related to the human pathogen c. trachomatis. chlamydia suis infections are generally treated with tetracyclines. in 1998, tetracyline resistant c. suis strains emerged on u.s. pig farms and they are currently present in the belgian, cypriote, german, israeli, italian and swiss pig industry. infections with tetracycline resistant c. suis strains are mainly associated with severe reproductive failure leading ... | 2014 | 24816542 |
| susceptibility of clinical moraxella catarrhalis isolates in british columbia to six empirically prescribed antibiotic agents. | moraxella catarrhalis is a commensal organism of the respiratory tract that has emerged as an important pathogen for a variety of upper and lower respiratory tract infections including otitis media and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. susceptibility testing of m catarrhalis is not routinely performed in most diagnostic laboratories; rather, a comment predicting susceptibility based on the literature is attached to the report. the most recent canadian report on m catarrhalis antimicrobi ... | 2014 | 25285112 |
| necrotizing pneumonia and empyema caused by neisseria flavescens infection. | neisseria flavescens is an uncommon pathogen of human infection, pneumonia and empyema caused by n. flavescens is rarely reported. herein, we report a 56-year-old diabetic patient presenting necrotising pneumonia and empyema due to n. flavescens infection. the main clinical manifestation of this patient was high fever, sticky pus and gradually aggravating dyspnea. the chest computed tomography (ct) scan showed there are mass of high density areas around hilus of the left lung, hollow sign with i ... | 2014 | 24822118 |
| the haemophilus cryptic genospecies cha adhesin has at least two variants that differ in host cell binding, bacterial aggregation, and biofilm formation properties. | the haemophilus cryptic genospecies (hcg) causes genital tract infections in pregnant and postpartum women and respiratory infections in neonates. the major surface adhesin in hcg is called cha, which mediates bacterial adherence to cultured human epithelial cells. in this study, we report that there are two antigenically distinct variants of cha, dubbed cha1 and cha2. these variants are encoded by the same genetic locus in diverse strains and have nearly identical n-terminal export and c-termin ... | 2014 | 24584499 |
| efficacy of the precise climate controller on the reduction of indoor microorganisms. | nowadays, there are many methods to reduce microorganisms in the air, such as dehumidifier, air purifier or humidity and temperature controller. the precise climate controller is an instrument for controlling humidity and temperature, a concept that is demonstrated. | 2014 | 24809017 |
| expert consensus on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the people's republic of china. | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a common disease that severely threatens human health. acute exacerbation of copd (aecopd) is a major cause of disease progression and death, and causes huge medical expenditures. this consensus statement represents a description of clinical features of aecopd in the people's republic of china and a set of recommendations. it is intended to provide clinical guidelines for community physicians, pulmonologists and other health care providers for the ... | 2014 | 24812503 |
| phytotherapeutic information on plants used for the treatment of tuberculosis in eastern cape province, south africa. | the current rate of deforestation in africa constitutes a serious danger to the future of medicinal plants on this continent. conservation of these medicinal plants in the field and the scientific documentation of our knowledge about them are therefore crucial. an ethnobotanical survey of plants used for the treatment of tuberculosis (tb) was carried out in selected areas of the eastern cape, south africa. these areas were hala, ncera, sheshegu, and gquamashe, all within the nkonkobe municipalit ... | 2014 | 24864158 |
| cigarette smoke exposure exacerbates lung inflammation and compromises immunity to bacterial infection. | the detrimental impact of tobacco on human health is clearly recognized, and despite aggressive efforts to prevent smoking, close to one billion individuals worldwide continue to smoke. people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are susceptible to recurrent respiratory infections with pathogens, including nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi), yet the reasons for this increased susceptibility are poorly understood. because mortality rapidly increases with multiple exacerbations, devel ... | 2014 | 24752444 |
| adenovirus species c is associated with chronic suppurative lung diseases in children. | the role of human adenoviruses (hadvs) in chronic respiratory disease pathogenesis is recognized. however, no studies have performed molecular sequencing of hadvs from the lower airways of children with chronic endobronchial suppuration. we thus examined the major hadv genotypes/species, and relationships to bacterial coinfection, in children with protracted bacterial bronchitis (pbb) and mild bronchiectasis (be). | 2014 | 24748519 |
| soluble ceacam8 interacts with ceacam1 inhibiting tlr2-triggered immune responses. | lower respiratory tract bacterial infections are characterized by neutrophilic inflammation in the airways. the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (ceacam) 8 is expressed in and released by human granulocytes. our study demonstrates that human granulocytes release ceacam8 in response to bacterial dna in a tlr9-dependent manner. individuals with a high percentage of bronchial lavage fluid (balf) granulocytes were more likely to have detectable levels of released ceacam8 in th ... | 2014 | 24743304 |
| anthracimycin activity against contemporary methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | anthracimycin is a recently discovered novel marine-derived compound with activity against bacillus anthracis. we tested anthracimycin against an expanded panel of staphylococcus aureus strains in vitro and in vivo. all strains of s. aureus tested, including methicillin-susceptible, methicillin-resistant (mrsa) and vancomycin-resistant strains of s. aureus, were susceptible to anthracimycin at mic values of ⩽0.25 mg l(-1). although its postantibiotic effects were minimal, anthracimycin exhibited ... | 2014 | 24736856 |
| binding of streptococcus pneumoniae endopeptidase o (pepo) to complement component c1q modulates the complement attack and promotes host cell adherence. | the gram-positive species streptococcus pneumoniae is a human pathogen causing severe local and life-threatening invasive diseases associated with high mortality rates and death. we demonstrated recently that pneumococcal endopeptidase o (pepo) is a ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional plasminogen and fibronectin-binding protein facilitating host cell invasion and evasion of innate immunity. in this study, we found that pepo interacts directly with the complement c1q protein, thereby attenuat ... | 2014 | 24739385 |
| inhaled colistin in patients with bronchiectasis and chronic pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. | chronic infection with pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with an increased exacerbation frequency, a more rapid decline in lung function, and increased mortality in patients with bronchiectasis. | 2014 | 24625200 |
| signaling by epithelial members of the ceacam family - mucosal docking sites for pathogenic bacteria. | carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (ceacams) comprise a group of immunoglobulin-related vertebrate glycoproteins. several family members, including ceacam1, cea, and ceacam6, are found on epithelial tissues throughout the human body. as they modulate diverse cellular functions, their signaling capacity is in the focus of current research. in this review we will summarize the knowledge about common signaling processes initiated by epithelial ceacams and suggest a model of si ... | 2014 | 24735478 |
| characterization of an autotransporter adhesin protein shared by burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei. | autotransporters form a large family of outer membrane proteins specifying diverse biological traits of gram-negative bacteria. in this study, we report the identification and characterization of a novel autotransporter gene product of burkholderia mallei (locus tag bma1027 in strain atcc 23344). | 2014 | 24731253 |
| molecular targets of β-lactam-based antimicrobials: beyond the usual suspects. | the common practice in antibacterial drug development has been to rapidly make an attempt to find ever-more stable and broad-spectrum variants for a particular antibiotic, once a drug resistance for that antibiotic is detected. we are now facing bacterial resistance toward our clinically relevant antibiotics of such a magnitude that the conversation for antimicrobial drug development ought to include effective new antibiotics with alternative mechanisms of action. the electrophilic β-lactam ring ... | 2014 | 27025739 |
| the relationships between environmental bacterial exposure, airway bacterial colonization, and asthma. | recent application of advanced culture-independent molecular techniques for the identification of microorganisms has contributed to our knowledge on the role of early-life microbial exposure and colonization in health and disease. the purpose of this review is to present the current perspectives regarding the role of microbial exposure and airway bacterial colonization on the development and the activity of asthma. | 2014 | 24451910 |
| neonatal inflammatory submandibular sialadenitis associated with prenatal methyldopa exposure. | inflammation of a salivary gland is an uncommon condition in the neonatal period, and an isolated form of submandibular acute inflammatory sialadenitis is an exceptionally rare phenomenon. among various conditions that might lead to submandibular acute inflammatory sialadenitis, maternal use of drugs during pregnancy should be questioned as there may be possible associations. herein, we describe a late preterm infant who presented with a large submandibular mass. after excluding possible pathoge ... | 2014 | 25024674 |
| detection of pathogenic bacteria during rhinovirus infection is associated with increased respiratory symptoms and asthma exacerbations. | detection of either viral or bacterial pathogens is associated with wheezing in children; however, the influence of both bacteria and viruses on illness symptoms has not been described. | 2014 | 24698319 |
| the saudi guidelines for the diagnosis and management of copd. | the saudi thoracic society (sts) launched the saudi initiative for chronic airway diseases (sicad) to develop a guideline for the diagnosis and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). this guideline is primarily aimed for internists and general practitioners. though there is scanty epidemiological data related to copd, the sicad panel believes that copd prevalence is increasing in saudi arabia due to increasing prevalence of tobacco smoking among men and women. to overcome th ... | 2014 | 24791168 |
| performance of saselect, a chromogenic medium for detection of staphylococci in clinical specimens. | in a preliminary study, known staphylococcus (n = 86) and other microbial (n = 12) isolates were plated on three chromogenic media, saselect (bio-rad, hercules, ca, usa), chromagar staph. aureus (chromagar microbiology, paris, france), and s. aureus id (biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france). the sensitivities of all the media to detect staphylococcus aureus after 24 h of incubation were high (100.0%). however, their specificities varied at 93.3% (95% confidence interval [ci], 86.0% to 100.0%) (chr ... | 2014 | 24430448 |
| empyema thoracis from an inhaled peanut. | a 77-year-old man with a history of pulmonary sarcoidosis was referred with persistent cough and reduced air entry on auscultation of the right lung base. he was an ex-smoker with a 40-pack-year history and his general practitioner was concerned about the possibility of bronchogenic carcinoma. a chest radiograph showed a right-sided pleural effusion with right mid-zone airspace opacification. bronchoscopy revealed a peanut covered in mucus lodged in the right lower lobe bronchus. ct of the thora ... | 2014 | 24686804 |
| multistate point-prevalence survey of health care-associated infections. | currently, no single u.s. surveillance system can provide estimates of the burden of all types of health care-associated infections across acute care patient populations. we conducted a prevalence survey in 10 geographically diverse states to determine the prevalence of health care-associated infections in acute care hospitals and generate updated estimates of the national burden of such infections. | 2014 | 24670166 |
| fusobacterium necrophorum, an emerging pathogen of otogenic and paranasal infections? | fusobacterium necrophorum is a rare causative agent of otitis and sinusitis. most commonly known is the classic lemièrre's syndrome of postanginal sepsis with suppurative thrombophlebitis of the jugular vein. we report five patients diagnosed recently with a complicated infection with f. necrophorum originating from otitis or sinusitis. two patients recovered completely, one patient died due to complications of the infection, one patient retained a slight hemiparesis and one patient had permanen ... | 2014 | 25356344 |
| increased incidence of invasive bacterial disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared to the general population--a population based cohort study. | innate defence mechanisms of the airways are impaired in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), predisposing patients to lower respiratory tract infections, but less is known about the association with other infections. in this population-based cohort study, we investigated the associations between copd and invasive bacterial disease by comparing incidence rates of bacteraemia in copd patients and randomly selected reference individuals from the general population. | 2014 | 24661335 |
| the emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. | abstract as antimicrobial resistance increases, understanding the current epidemiology of bloodstream infections (bsis) in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) recipients is essential to guide empirical antimicrobial therapy. we therefore reviewed microbial etiologies, timing and outcomes of bsis in patients who were transplanted from september 2007 to december 2011. vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) were the most common pathogens in allogeneic hsct recipients and the fourth most commo ... | 2014 | 24559288 |
| severe respiratory failure due to co-infection with human metapneumovirus and streptococcus pneumoniae. | a 64-year-old male patient was admitted with respiratory failure, although chest x-rays revealed only mild bronchiolitis. streptococcus pneumoniae, which usually presents as massive lobular pneumonia, was isolated from sputum, however, pan-pathogen screening using a next-generation sequencer also detected human metapneumovirus genome fragments. | 2014 | 26029528 |
| recommendations for the laboratory-based detection of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae--2014. | this report updates cdc's 2002 recommendations regarding screening tests to detect chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae infections (cdc. screening tests to detect chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae infections-2002. mmwr 2002;51[no. rr-15]) and provides new recommendations regarding optimal specimen types, the use of tests to detect rectal and oropharyngeal c. trachomatis and n. gonorrhoeae infections, and circumstances when supplemental testing is indicated. the recommend ... | 2014 | 24622331 |
| in vitro interaction of pseudomonas aeruginosa with human middle ear epithelial cells. | otitis media (om) is an inflammation of the middle ear which can be acute or chronic. acute om is caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis whereas pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of chronic suppurative otitis media (csom). csom is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the middle ear characterized by infection and discharge. the survivors often suffer from hearing loss and neurological sequelae. however, no information is available regarding the ... | 2014 | 24632826 |
| diversity and distribution of nirk-harboring denitrifying bacteria in the water column in the yellow river estuary. | we investigated the diversity and community composition of denitrifying bacteria in surface water from the yellow river estuary. our results indicated that the diversity of the denitrifying community in freshwater based on the nirk gene was higher than that in seawater. furthermore, phylogenetic analysis suggested that the bacteria community could be distributed into eight clusters (clusters i to viii). redundancy analysis (rda) revealed that community compositions were related to multiple envir ... | 2014 | 24621509 |
| candida albicans uses the surface protein gpm1 to attach to human endothelial cells and to keratinocytes via the adhesive protein vitronectin. | candida albicans is a major cause of invasive fungal infections worldwide. upon infection and when in contact with human plasma as well as body fluids the fungus is challenged by the activated complement system a central part of the human innate immune response. c. albicans controls and evades host complement attack by binding several human complement regulators like factor h, factor h-like protein 1 and c4bp to the surface. gpm1 (phosphoglycerate mutase 1) is one fungal factor h/fhl1 -binding p ... | 2014 | 24625558 |
| acute exacerbation and respiratory infections in copd (aeris): protocol for a prospective, observational cohort study. | the aetiology of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) remains incompletely understood and strategies for treatment and prevention have not altered significantly for many years. improved understanding of the role of respiratory pathogens in acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd) is required and the use of molecular microbiological techniques may lead to insights into host-pathogen interactions and the development of more targeted therapeutic approaches. | 2014 | 24607562 |
| problems and prospects of current studies on the microecology of tongue coating. | tongue diagnosis in traditional chinese medicine (tcm) assesses the health by investigation of tongue coating. the science and technology of tongue coating analysis have become a significant issue for modernization of tcm. the relationship between microecology of tongue coating and tcm was relevant to the syndrome differentiation in tcm, such as the cold/hot syndrome may exhibit different specific microbiota patterns in the tongue coating. this article provides a review on the microbiota researc ... | 2014 | 24597827 |
| moraxella catarrhalis adhesin uspa1-derived recombinant fragment rd-7 induces monocyte differentiation to cd14+cd206+ phenotype. | circulating monocytes in the bloodstream typically migrate to other tissues and differentiate into tissue resident macrophages, the process being determined by the constituents of the microenvironments encountered. these may include microbes and their products. in this study, we investigated whether moraxella catarrhalis ubiquitous surface protein a1 (uspa1), known to bind to a widely expressed human cell surface receptor ceacam1, influences monocyte differentiation as receptor engagement has be ... | 2014 | 24599281 |
| diet as a risk factor for pneumococcal carriage and otitis media: a cross-sectional study among children in day care centers. | pharyngeal bacteria are exposed to different sugar conditions depending on the diet of the child. we hypothesized that dietary factors such as daily intake of carbohydrates could be associated with pneumococcal carriage and the occurrence of otitis media in children. | 2014 | 24599395 |
| step-by-step iconographic description of a prolonged but still favourable course of orbital cellulitis in a child with acute rhinosinusitis: an iconographic case study. | orbital cellulitis is an infrequent complication of acute ethmoiditis possibly leading to life- or visual-threatening complications. despite its natural history is well known, its clinical evolution may widely vary among patients, and even in the most favourable cases long-term sequelae may persist. we here provide a step-by-step iconographic description of a periorbital and orbital cellulitis occurring in a child with ipsilateral acute rhinosinusitis. our report shows that an unusual long-term ... | 2014 | 24594215 |
| sore throat. | about 10% of people present to primary healthcare services with sore throat each year. the causative organisms of sore throat may be bacteria (most commonly streptococcus) or viruses (typically rhinovirus), although it is difficult to distinguish bacterial from viral infections clinically. | 2014 | 24589314 |
| the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis among patients with acute conjunctivitis in kasr alainy ophthalmology clinic. | trachoma is a leading cause of avoidable blindness and endemic conjunctivitis in 57 countries. it infects approximately 84 million people globally, and continues to threaten over 10% of the world's population with the risk of blindness. | 2014 | 25374648 |
| neonatal hepatitis as first manifestation of hyperimmunoglobulinemia d syndrome. | hyper igd syndrome (hids) is a rare metabolic autoinflammatory syndrome characterised by recurrent febrile episodes, accompanied by various inflammatory symptoms. we present a case of severe hids in a young girl, whose symptoms started in the neonatal period with hepatomegaly, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. from the age of five months, the child had recurrent febrile episodes, stomatitis, adenitis, and persistent hepatomegaly. the diagnosis of hids was establishe ... | 2014 | 24716072 |
| conjunctivitis due to neisseria sicca: a case report. | we report the first case, in medline-based literature, of conjunctivitis caused by gram negative diplococcus, neisseria sicca. although it is not widely accepted as such, isolation from cultures of repeated eye swab samples suggests that n. sicca may be a pathogen in conjunctival infections. positive culture for this organism should not be readily dismissed. such conjunctivitis responded favorably to treatment with netilmicin eye drops. | 2014 | 23552355 |
| the bronchiectasis severity index. an international derivation and validation study. | there are no risk stratification tools for morbidity and mortality in bronchiectasis. identifying patients at risk of exacerbations, hospital admissions, and mortality is vital for future research. | 2014 | 24328736 |
| canadian guidelines for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis: clinical summary. | to provide a clinical summary of the canadian clinical practice guidelines for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (abrs) that includes relevant considerations for family physicians. | 2014 | 24627376 |
| acute otitis media--a structured approach. | two-thirds of all children have an episode of acute otitis media (aom) before their third birthday. antibiotic treatment is often given immediately, even though adequate scientific evidence for this practice is lacking. | 2014 | 24661591 |
| diffuse panbronchiolitis in an australian aborigine. | diffuse panbronchiolitis (dpb) is a chronic sino-bronchial disease. it has remained restricted to the japanese and cases in the west are unusual. we present a patient of australian aboriginal origin with dpb. the known efficacy of low-dose erythromycin in dpb is again described. chronic respiratory disease is common in the australian aboriginal population and dpb should be considered in the differential. | 2014 | 25473569 |
| efficacy and effectiveness of extended-valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. | the 7-valent pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine (pcv7) has been shown to be highly efficacious against invasive pneumococcal diseases and effective against pneumonia and in reducing otitis media. the introduction of pcv7 has resulted in major changes in the epidemiology of pneumococcal diseases. however, pneumococcal vaccines induce serotype-specific immunity, and a relative increase in non-vaccine serotypes has been reported following the widespread use of pcv7, leading to a need for extend ... | 2014 | 24678328 |
| an association between helicobacter pylori and upper respiratory tract disease: fact or fiction? | helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) is a major cause of chronic gastritis and gastric ulcers and considerable evidence supports the notion that infection with this bacterium is also associated with gastric malignancy in addition to various other conditions including pulmonary, vascular and autoimmune disorders. gastric juice infected with h. pylori might play an important role in upper respiratory tract infection. although direct and/or indirect mechanisms might be involved in the association betwee ... | 2014 | 24587622 |
| antibiotic expected effectiveness and cost under real life microbiology: evaluation of ertapenem and ceftriaxone in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia for elderly patients in spain. | clinical efficacy of antibiotics may be affected by changes in the susceptibility of microorganisms to antimicrobial agents. the purpose of this study is to assess how these changes could affect the initial efficacy of ertapenem and ceftriaxone in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in elderly patients and the potential consequences this may have in health care costs. | 2014 | 24611019 |
| use of streptococcus salivarius k12 in the prevention of streptococcal and viral pharyngotonsillitis in children. | streptococcus salivarius k12 is an oral probiotic strain releasing two lantibiotics (salivaricin a2 and salivaricin b) that antagonize the growth of s. pyogenes, the most important bacterial cause of pharyngeal infections in humans also affected by episodes of acute otitis media. s. salivarius k12 successfully colonizes the oral cavity, and is endowed with an excellent safety profile. we tested its preventive role in reducing the incidence of both streptococcal and viral pharyngitis and/or tonsi ... | 2014 | 24600248 |
| importance of aspergillus spp. isolation in acute exacerbations of severe copd: prevalence, factors and follow-up: the fungi-copd study. | acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd) are often associated with infectious agents, some of which may be non-usual, including aspergillus spp. however, the importance of aspergillus spp. in the clinical management of aecopd still remains unclear. | 2014 | 24517318 |
| synthetic versus natural curcumin: bioequivalence in an in vitro oral mucositis model. | curcumin (cur) is a dietary spice and food colorant (e100). its potent anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor-κb is well established. | 2014 | 24517289 |
| effect of levofloxacin on neutrophilic airway inflammation in stable copd: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | airway inflammation persists after smoking cessation in established chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), suggesting that other factors drive the airway inflammatory response. | 2014 | 24532969 |
| vitamin a deficiency is associated with gastrointestinal and respiratory morbidity in school-age children. | infection is an important cause of morbidity throughout childhood. poor micronutrient status is a risk factor for infection-related morbidity in young children, but it is not clear whether these associations persist during school-age years. we examined the relation between blood concentrations of micronutrient status biomarkers and risk of gastrointestinal and respiratory morbidity in a prospective study of 2774 children aged 5-12 y from public schools in bogotá, colombia. retinol, zinc, ferriti ... | 2014 | 24500929 |
| decreased pattern-recognition receptor-mediated cytokine mrna expression in obese children with otitis media with effusion. | to assess innate and humoral immune responses in middle ear effusion of obese pediatric patients with otitis media with effusion (ome). | 2014 | 24587874 |
| clinical implications for patients treated inappropriately for community-acquired pneumonia in the emergency department. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is one of the most common infections presenting to the emergency department (ed). increasingly, antibiotic resistant bacteria have been identified as causative pathogens in patients treated for cap, especially in patients with healthcare exposure risk factors. | 2014 | 24499035 |
| residence of streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis within polymicrobial biofilm promotes antibiotic resistance and bacterial persistence in vivo. | otitis media (om) is an extremely common pediatric ailment caused by opportunists that reside within the nasopharynx. inflammation within the upper airway can promote ascension of these opportunists into the middle ear chamber. om can be chronic/recurrent in nature, and a wealth of data indicates that in these cases, the bacteria persist within biofilms. epidemiological data demonstrate that most cases of om are polymicrobial, which may have significant impact on antibiotic resistance. in this s ... | 2014 | 24391058 |
| oto-201: nonclinical assessment of a sustained-release ciprofloxacin hydrogel for the treatment of otitis media. | oto-201 can provide sustained release to the middle ear and effectively treat otitis media, when compared with fda-approved ciprofloxacin otic drop formulations. | 2014 | 24518407 |
| incidence and etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children younger than 5 years in rural thailand. | pneumonia remains a leading cause of under-five morbidity and mortality globally. comprehensive incidence, epidemiologic and etiologic data are needed to update prevention and control strategies. | 2014 | 24030346 |
| seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and nasopharyngeal microbiota in healthy children. | seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv-7) is effective against vaccine serotype disease and carriage. nevertheless, shifts in colonization and disease toward nonvaccine serotypes and other potential pathogens have been described. to understand the extent of these shifts, we analyzed nasopharyngeal microbial profiles of 97 pcv-7-vaccinated infants and 103 control infants participating in a randomized controlled trial in the netherlands. pcv-7 immunization resulted in a temporary shift i ... | 2014 | 24447437 |
| exploring the atomic structure and conformational flexibility of a 320 å long engineered viral fiber using x-ray crystallography. | protein fibers are widespread in nature, but only a limited number of high-resolution structures have been determined experimentally. unlike globular proteins, fibers are usually recalcitrant to form three-dimensional crystals, preventing single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. in the absence of three-dimensional crystals, x-ray fiber diffraction is a powerful tool to determine the internal symmetry of a fiber, but it rarely yields atomic resolution structural information on complex protein f ... | 2014 | 24531468 |
| antimicrobial resistance trends among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens in greece, 2009-2012. | the aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance trends of respiratory tract pathogens isolated from patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infections (cartis) in crete, greece, over a 4-year period (2009-2012). a total of 588 community-acquired respiratory pathogens were isolated during the study period. streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common organism responsible for 44.4% of cartis, followed by haemophilus influenzae (44.2%) and moraxella catarrhalis ... | 2014 | 24592201 |
| bronchial microbiome of severe copd patients colonised by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the bronchial microbiome in severe copd during stability and exacerbation in patients chronically colonised by pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa), has not been defined. our objective was to determine the characteristics of the bronchial microbiome of severe copd patients colonised and not colonised by p. aeruginosa and its changes during exacerbation. copd patients with severe disease and frequent exacerbations were categorised according to chronic colonisation by p. aeruginosa. sputum samples were obt ... | 2014 | 24449346 |
| early versus later response to treatment in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: analysis of the reach study. | key goals in the treatment of cap include early response to treatment and achievement of clinical stability. the us fda recommends early response endpoints (72 hours after initiation of treatment) in clinical trials for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. reach (retrospective study to assess the clinical management of patients with moderate-to-severe complicated skin and soft tissue infections [cssti] or cap in the hospital setting) was a retrospective observational study, p ... | 2014 | 24450444 |
| duration of antimicrobial therapy in community acquired pneumonia: less is more. | community acquired pneumonia (cap) represents the most common cause of infection-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. appropriate treatment of cap is challenging and sometimes limited by the availability to obtain rapid and timely identification of the etiologic agent in order to initiate or deescalate the correct antimicrobial therapy. as a consequence, prescribers frequently select empiric antimicrobial therapy using clinical judgment, local patterns of antimicrobial resistance, and, som ... | 2014 | 24578660 |
| update on otitis media - prevention and treatment. | acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion are common childhood disorders, a source of significant morbidity, and a leading cause of antibiotic prescription in primary health care. although effective treatments are available, some shortcomings remain, and thus better treatments would be welcome. recent discoveries within the field of otitis media research relating to its etiology and pathogenesis have led to further investigation aimed at developing novel treatments. this article provides ... | 2014 | 24453496 |
| a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of antibiotic consumption on antibiotic resistance. | greater use of antibiotics during the past 50 years has exerted selective pressure on susceptible bacteria and may have favoured the survival of resistant strains. existing information on antibiotic resistance patterns from pathogens circulating among community-based patients is substantially less than from hospitalized patients on whom guidelines are often based. we therefore chose to assess the relationship between the antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria circulating in the community and ... | 2014 | 24405683 |
| high-dose amoxicillin with clavulanate for the treatment of acute otitis media in children. | this study uses the acute otitis media clinical practice guideline proposed in 2004 as a reference to evaluate whether antibiotics doses that are in line with the recommendations lead to better prognosis. the study also attempts to clarify possible factors that influence the outcome. | 2014 | 24523659 |
| severe influenza treatment guideline. | 2014 | 24574848 | |
| an update on the use of immunoglobulin for the treatment of immunodeficiency disorders. | for patients with significant antibody deficiencies, immunoglobulin therapy is the mainstay of treatment as it significantly reduces both the frequency and severity of infections. the formulations and delivery methods of immunoglobulin have evolved over time, and continued improvements have allowed for increased access to this effective medication. this review is an update on the current status of immunoglobulin therapy in immunodeficiency disorders, and discusses the mechanisms, forms and dosin ... | 2014 | 25428649 |
| the microbiome and asthma. | that the subglottic airways are not sterile, as was once believed, but are populated by a distinct "bronchial microbiome," is now accepted. also accepted is the concept that asthma is associated with differences in the composition of this microbiome. what is not clear is whether the differences in microbial community composition themselves mediate pathologic changes in the airways or whether they reflect differences in systemic immune function driven by differences in the development of the gast ... | 2014 | 24437406 |
| a brave new world: the lung microbiota in an era of change. | the development of culture-independent techniques has revolutionized our understanding of how our human cells interact with the even greater number of microbial inhabitants of our bodies. as part of this revolution, data are increasingly challenging the old dogma that in health, the lung mucosa is sterile. to understand how the lung microbiome may play a role in human health, we identified five major questions for lung microbiome research: (1) is the lung sterile? (2) is there a unique core micr ... | 2014 | 24437400 |
| audit and feedback-focused approach to evidence-based care in treating patients with pneumonia in hospital (affect study). | pneumonia is the eighth leading cause of death in canada. use of guideline-concordant therapy tempers the development of resistance, decreases health care costs, and reduces morbidity and mortality. | 2014 | 24634522 |
| nocardiosis in immune disorder disease. | 2014 | 24639618 | |
| biofilms on indwelling urologic devices: microbes and antimicrobial management prospect. | biofilms (bfs) are a potential source of highly resistant infections, frequently formed on devicesand pose problems for management. | 2014 | 24669340 |
| granulomatous lymphocytic interstitial lung disease in infancy. | the authors report a case involving a child with chronic respiratory symptoms, who did not respond to conventional treatment. low serum immunoglobin levels and pathological findings on lung biopsy revealed an unusual diagnosis for his age group. a specific treatment led to clinical improvement. | 2014 | 24288696 |
| hemoglobin receptor protein from porphyromonas gingivalis induces interleukin-8 production in human gingival epithelial cells through stimulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nf-κb signal transduction pathways. | periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of polymicrobial origin affecting the tissues supporting the tooth. the oral anaerobic bacterium porphyromonas gingivalis, which is implicated as an important pathogen for chronic periodontitis, triggers a series of host inflammatory responses that promote the destruction of periodontal tissues. among the virulence factors of p. gingivalis, hemoglobin receptor protein (hbr) is a major protein found in culture supernatants. in this study, we investigated t ... | 2014 | 24126532 |
| prevalence and genotype distribution of pneumocystis jirovecii in cuban infants and toddlers with whooping cough. | this study describes the prevalence and genotype distribution of pneumocystis jirovecii obtained from nasopharyngeal (np) swabs from immunocompetent cuban infants and toddlers with whooping cough (wc). a total of 163 np swabs from 163 young cuban children with wc who were admitted to the respiratory care units at two pediatric centers were studied. the prevalence of the organism was determined by a quantitative pcr (qpcr) assay targeting the p. jirovecii mitochondrial large subunit (mtlsu) rrna ... | 2014 | 24131683 |
| maternal administration of solithromycin, a new, potent, broad-spectrum fluoroketolide antibiotic, achieves fetal and intra-amniotic antimicrobial protection in a pregnant sheep model. | solithromycin (cem-101) is a new antibiotic that is highly potent against ureaplasma and mycoplasma spp. and active against many other antibiotic-resistant organisms. we have explored the maternal-amniotic-fetal pharmacokinetics of cem-101 in a pregnant sheep model to assess its potential for treating intrauterine and antenatal infection. chronically catheterized pregnant ewes (n = 6 or 7) received either a single maternal intravenous (i.v.) infusion of cem-101 (10 mg/kg of body weight), a singl ... | 2014 | 24189250 |
| meta-analysis of the adverse effects of long-term azithromycin use in patients with chronic lung diseases. | the adverse effects of azithromycin on the treatment of patients with chronic lung diseases (cld) were evaluated in the present study. medline and other databases were searched for relevant articles published until august 2013. randomized controlled trials that enrolled patients with chronic lung diseases who received long-term azithromycin treatment were selected, and data on microbiological studies and azithromycin-related adverse events were abstracted from articles and analyzed. six studies ... | 2014 | 24189261 |
| culture-inappropriate antibiotic therapy decreases quality of life improvement after sinus surgery. | despite their widespread use, antibiotics have not been shown to improve chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) outcomes. we aimed to determine whether culture-inappropriate postoperative antibiotic therapy was associated with less quality-of-life (qol) improvement following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (fess). | 2014 | 24415647 |
| expr coordinates the expression of symbiotically important, bundle-forming flp pili with quorum sensing in sinorhizobium meliloti. | type ivb pili in enteropathogenic bacteria function as a host colonization factor by mediating tight adherence to host cells, but their role in bacterium-plant symbiosis is currently unknown. the genome of the symbiotic soil bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti contains two clusters encoding proteins for type ivb pili of the flp (fimbrial low-molecular-weight protein) subfamily. to establish the role of flp pili in the symbiotic interaction of s. meliloti and its host, medicago sativa, we deleted pi ... | 2014 | 24509921 |
| heterologous expression of bartonella adhesin a in escherichia coli by exchange of trimeric autotransporter adhesin domains results in enhanced adhesion properties and a pathogenic phenotype. | human-pathogenic bartonella henselae causes cat scratch disease and vasculoproliferative disorders. an important pathogenicity factor of b. henselae is the trimeric autotransporter adhesin (taa) bartonella adhesin a (bada), which is modularly constructed, consisting of a head, a long and repetitive neck-stalk module, and a membrane anchor. bada is involved in bacterial autoagglutination, binding to extracellular matrix proteins and host cells, and in proangiogenic reprogramming. the slow growth ... | 2014 | 24682330 |
| [four bacterial studies on children with chronic otitis media with effusion]. | to research the prevalences of four kinds of bacteria including alloiococcus otitidis, streptococcus pneumonia, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis in children with chronic otitis media with effusion (som) of the middle ear effusion, and the reproduction of the nasopharynx, so as to explore their meaning for the children with som. | 2014 | 25775744 |
| correlation between acrb trimer association affinity and efflux activity. | the majority of membrane proteins function as oligomers. however, it remains largely unclear how the oligomer stability of protein complexes correlates with their function. understanding the relationship between oligomer stability and activity is essential to protein research and to virtually all cellular processes that depend on the function of protein complexes. proteins make lasting or transient interactions as they perform their functions. obligate oligomeric proteins exist and function excl ... | 2014 | 24854514 |
| etiologies and resistance profiles of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia in cambodian and neighboring countries' health care settings: a systematic review (1995 to 2012). | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. etiological data for cambodia is scarce. we aimed to describe the main etiological agents causing cap, and their resistance patterns in cambodia and the greater mekong region. | 2014 | 24626053 |
| types and drug susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates from eye discharge samples at gondar university hospital, northwest ethiopia. | the type and pattern of organisms that cause ocular infection changes over time. moreover, the causative organisms have developed increased drug resistance. therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalent bacterial agents of eye discharge and their drug susceptibility patterns to commonly used antimicrobial agents. | 2014 | 24885599 |
| nasopharyngeal microbiota in healthy children and pneumonia patients. | our study is the first to compare the nasopharyngeal microbiota of pediatric pneumonia patients and control children by 454 pyrosequencing. a distinct microbiota was associated with different pneumonia etiologies. viral pneumonia was associated with a high abundance of the operational taxonomic unit (otu) corresponding to moraxella lacunata. patients with nonviral pneumonia showed high abundances of otus of three typical bacterial pathogens, streptococcus pneumoniae complex, haemophilus influenz ... | 2014 | 24599973 |
| the negatively charged regions of lactoferrin binding protein b, an adaptation against anti-microbial peptides. | lactoferrin binding protein b (lbpb) is a bi-lobed membrane bound lipoprotein that is part of the lactoferrin receptor complex in a variety of gram-negative pathogens. despite high sequence diversity among lbpbs from various strains and species, a cluster of negatively charged amino acids is invariably present in the protein's c-terminal lobe in all species except moraxella bovis. the function of lbpb in iron acquisition has yet to be experimentally demonstrated, whereas in vitro studies have sh ... | 2014 | 24465982 |
| the skin microbiome in healthy and allergic dogs. | changes in the microbial populations on the skin of animals have traditionally been evaluated using conventional microbiology techniques. the sequencing of bacterial 16s rrna genes has revealed that the human skin is inhabited by a highly diverse and variable microbiome that had previously not been demonstrated by culture-based methods. the goals of this study were to describe the microbiome inhabiting different areas of the canine skin, and to compare the skin microbiome of healthy and allergic ... | 2014 | 24421875 |
| the wobbly status of ketolides: where do we stand? | ketolides are erythromycin a derivatives with a keto group replacing the cladinose sugar and an aryl-alkyl group attached to the lactone macrocycle. the aryl-alkyl extension broadens its antibacterial spectrum to include all pathogens responsible for community-acquired pneumonia (cap): streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis as well as atypical pathogens (mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila). ketolides have extensive tissue distribu ... | 2014 | 25154307 |
| the antimicrobial activity of fruits from some cultivar varieties of rubus idaeus and rubus occidentalis. | raspberries, derived from different cultivar varieties, are a popular ingredient of everyday diet, and their biological activity is a point of interest for researchers. the ethanol-water extracts from four varieties of red (rubus idaeus'ljulin', 'veten', 'poranna rosa') and black (rubus occidentalis'litacz') raspberries were evaluated in the range of their antimicrobial properties as well as phenolic content - sanguiin h-6, free ellagic acid and anthocyanins. the antimicrobial assay was performe ... | 2014 | 25131001 |
| vaccines for children and adults with chronic lung disease: efficacy against acute exacerbations. | acute exacerbations of chronic lung disease are usually associated with viral and bacterial pathogens. they contribute to declining lung function, poor quality of life and exert an excess burden on individuals, families, communities and the healthcare sector. hence, preventing exacerbations is important in clinical management. several vaccines providing protection against respiratory pathogens (streptococcus pneumoniae, bordetella pertussis and influenza) that can trigger exacerbations are avail ... | 2014 | 24308654 |
| antibacterial activity of the roots, stems and leaves of alchornea floribunda. | alchornea floribunda müll. arg. is used in traditional medicine across africa for the treatment of bacterial, fungal, parasitic and inflammatory disorders. | 2014 | 24333961 |