Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| molecular cloning, expression, purification, and mass spectrometric characterization of 3c-like protease of sars coronavirus. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is an acute respiratory illness, which has broken out in china. it has been known that sars coronavirus (sars_cov) is a novel human coronavirus and is responsible for sars infection. belonging to one of the major proteins associated with sars_cov, sars 3c-like protease (sars_3cl(pro)) functions as a cysteine protease engaging in the proteolytic cleavage of the viral precursor polyprotein to a series of functional proteins required for coronavirus replicat ... | 2003 | 14965777 |
| sars: clinical virology and pathogenesis. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is caused by a novel coronavirus, called the sars coronavirus (sars-cov). over 95% of well characterized cohorts of sars have evidence of recent sars-cov infection. the genome of sars-cov has been sequenced and it is not related to any of the previously known human or animal coronaviruses. it is probable that sars-cov was an animal virus that adapted to human-human transmission in the recent past. the virus can be found in nasopharyngeal aspirate, urine a ... | 2003 | 15018126 |
| sars: epidemiology. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) originated in southern china in november 2002, and was brought to hong kong in february 2003. from hong kong, the disease spread rapidly worldwide but mostly to asian countries. at the end of the epidemic in june, the global cumulative total was 8422 cases with 916 deaths (case fatality rate of 11%). people of all ages were affected, but predominantly females. health care workers were at high risk and accounted for one-fifth of all cases. risk factors for ... | 2003 | 15018127 |
| sars: clinical features and diagnosis. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is a highly infectious disease with a significant morbidity and case fatality. the major clinical features include persistent fever, chills/rigor, myalgia, malaise, dry cough, headache and dyspnoea. less common symptoms include sputum production, sore throat, coryza, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. older subjects may present with decrease in general well-being, poor feeding, fall/fracture and delirium, without the typical febrile response. comm ... | 2003 | 15018129 |
| [sars (severe acute respiratory syndrome). emergent transmissible disease]. | of the reemergent transmissible diseases of the past decades, sars is probably not the last to express the alterations occurring in the relationships of the human being with its global ecosystem. the life of contemporary man is characterized, among others, by a huge thirst for traveling, for varied reasons, consequence of the globalization process. sars virus, mutant belonging to coronaviridae, occurred in one of the most densely populated areas of the world. there are two main moments marking t ... | 2003 | 14755924 |
| [severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars)--present status]. | basic facts about sars are presented, including epidemiology, clinical symptoms and the course of disease, multinational search of etiological factor, diagnostic approaches and others. the role of molecular biology in elucidating structure, features and phylogenetic aspects of sars coronavirus is underlined. | 2003 | 15002168 |
| sars--beginning to understand a new virus. | the 114-day epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) swept 29 countries, affected a reported 8,098 people, left 774 patients dead and almost paralyzed the asian economy. aggressive quarantine measures, possibly aided by rising summer temperatures, successfully terminated the first eruption of sars and provided at least a temporal break, which allows us to consolidate what we have learned so far and plan for the future. here, we review the genomics of the sars coronavirus (sars-co ... | 2003 | 15035025 |
| prediction of amino acid pairs sensitive to mutations in the spike protein from sars related coronavirus. | in this study, we analyzed the amino acid pairs affected by mutations in two spike proteins from human coronavirus strains 229e and oc43 by means of random analysis in order to gain some insight into the possible mutations in the spike protein from sars-cov. the results demonstrate that the randomly unpredictable amino acid pairs are more sensitive to the mutations. the larger is the difference between actual and predicted frequencies, the higher is the chance of mutation occurring. the effect i ... | 2003 | 15127935 |
| [sars coronavirus]. | 2003 | 15071959 | |
| proceedings of the international symposium on the pathogenesis of sars. july 12-13, 2003, beijing, china. | 2003 | 15359486 | |
| [anti-sars virus activities of different recombinant human interferons in cell culture system]. | to study the anti-sars virus activities of different recombinant human interferons on the cell culture system. | 2003 | 15340558 |
| [development of the cdna chip for sars virus and a primary study on the possible molecular mechanism of interferon alpha2b inhibiting the sars virus replication]. | to study the molecular mechanism of interferon alpha2b(ifnalpha2b) inhibiting the sars virus replication. sars-associated coronavirus (sars virus) cdna chip was developed and applied to detect the virus rna transcription levels in the interferon-treated and untreated cell cultures, and the mechanism of anti-sars virus activity of interferon alpha2b in cell culture system was explored. | 2003 | 15340559 |
| [isolation and identification of sars virus in guangdong province]. | to isolate and identify pathogen of atypical pneumonia in guangdong. | 2003 | 15340560 |
| [clinical pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome]. | to explore the pathological features and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) to provide evidence for the clinical treatment and prevention of sars. | 2003 | 15340561 |
| [predictors associated with clinical deterioration in sars patients]. | to study the predictive factors associated with clinical deterioration in sars patients. | 2003 | 15340562 |
| [a novel coronavirus---sars virus]. | 2003 | 15354324 | |
| sars: lessons learned from other coronaviruses. | the identification of a new coronavirus as the etiological agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) has evoked much new interest in the molecular biology and pathogenesis of coronaviruses. this review summarizes present knowledge on coronavirus molecular biology and pathogenesis with particular emphasis on mouse hepatitis virus (mhv). mhv, a member of coronavirus group 2, is a natural pathogen of the mouse; mhv infection of the mouse is considered one of the best models for the study of ... | 2003 | 14733734 |
| [some research clues on chinese herbal medicine for sars prevention and treatment]. | to provide some research clues from chinese herbal medicine for sars prevention and treatment. | 2003 | 15015319 |
| severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars): over 100 days into the outbreak. | 2003 | 15571170 | |
| a genome sequence of novel sars-cov isolates: the genotype, gd-ins29, leads to a hypothesis of viral transmission in south china. | we report a complete genomic sequence of rare isolates (minor genotype) of the sars-cov from sars patients in guangdong, china, where the first few cases emerged. the most striking discovery from the isolate is an extra 29-nucleotide sequence located at the nucleotide positions between 27,863 and 27,864 (referred to the complete sequence of bj01) within an overlapped region composed of bgi-pup5 (bgi-postulated uncharacterized protein 5) and bgi-pup6 upstream of the n (nucleocapsid) protein. the ... | 2003 | 15626340 |
| the structural characterization and antigenicity of the s protein of sars-cov. | the corona-like spikes or peplomers on the surface of the virion under electronic microscope are the most striking features of coronaviruses. the s (spike) protein is the largest structural protein, with 1,255 amino acids, in the viral genome. its structure can be divided into three regions: a long n-terminal region in the exterior, a characteristic transmembrane (tm) region, and a short c-terminus in the interior of a virion. we detected fifteen substitutions of nucleotides by comparisons with ... | 2003 | 15626341 |
| the m protein of sars-cov: basic structural and immunological properties. | we studied structural and immunological properties of the sars-cov m (membrane) protein, based on comparative analyses of sequence features, phylogenetic investigation, and experimental results. the m protein is predicted to contain a triple-spanning transmembrane (tm) region, a single n-glycosylation site near its n-terminus that is in the exterior of the virion, and a long c-terminal region in the interior. the m protein harbors a higher substitution rate (0.6% correlated to its size) among vi ... | 2003 | 15626342 |
| the e protein is a multifunctional membrane protein of sars-cov. | the e (envelope) protein is the smallest structural protein in all coronaviruses and is the only viral structural protein in which no variation has been detected. we conducted genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of sars-cov. based on genome sequencing, we predicted the e protein is a transmembrane (tm) protein characterized by a tm region with strong hydrophobicity and alpha-helix conformation. we identified a segment (nh2-_l-cys-a-y-cys-cys-n_-cooh) in the carboxyl-terminal region of th ... | 2003 | 15626343 |
| the structure analysis and antigenicity study of the n protein of sars-cov. | the coronaviridae family is characterized by a nucleocapsid that is composed of the genome rna molecule in combination with the nucleoprotein (n protein) within a virion. the most striking physiochemical feature of the n protein of sars-cov is that it is a typical basic protein with a high predicted pi and high hydrophilicity, which is consistent with its function of binding to the ribophosphate backbone of the rna molecule. the predicted high extent of phosphorylation of the n protein on multip ... | 2003 | 15626344 |
| the r protein of sars-cov: analyses of structure and function based on four complete genome sequences of isolates bj01-bj04. | the r (replicase) protein is the uniquely defined non-structural protein (nsp) responsible for rna replication, mutation rate or fidelity, regulation of transcription in coronaviruses and many other ssrna viruses. based on our complete genome sequences of four isolates (bj01-bj04) of sars-cov from beijing, china, we analyzed the structure and predicted functions of the r protein in comparison with 13 other isolates of sars-cov and 6 other coronaviruses. the entire orf (open-reading frame) encode ... | 2003 | 15626345 |
| complete genome sequences of the sars-cov: the bj group (isolates bj01-bj04). | beijing has been one of the epicenters attacked most severely by the sars-cov (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) since the first patient was diagnosed in one of the city's hospitals. we now report complete genome sequences of the bj group, including four isolates (isolates bj01, bj02, bj03, and bj04) of the sars-cov. it is remarkable that all members of the bj group share a common haplotype, consisting of seven loci that differentiate the group from other isolates publish ... | 2003 | 15629030 |
| the c-terminal portion of the nucleocapsid protein demonstrates sars-cov antigenicity. | in order to develop clinical diagnostic tools for rapid detection of the sars-cov (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) and to identify candidate proteins for vaccine development, the c-terminal portion of the nucleocapsid (nc) gene was amplified using rt-pcr from the sars-cov genome, cloned into a yeast expression vector (pegh), and expressed as a glutathione s-transferase (gst) and hisx6 double-tagged fusion protein under the control of an inducible promoter. western analy ... | 2003 | 15629031 |
| the epitope study on the sars-cov nucleocapsid protein. | the nucleocapsid protein (n protein) has been found to be an antigenic protein in a number of coronaviruses. whether the n protein in severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (sars-cov) is antigenic remains to be elucidated. using western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the recombinant n proteins and the synthesized peptides derived from the n protein were screened in sera from sars patients. all patient sera in this study displayed strong positive immunoreact ... | 2003 | 15629032 |
| a strategy for searching antigenic regions in the sars-cov spike protein. | in the face of the worldwide threat of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) to human life, some of the most urgent challenges are to develop fast and accurate analytical methods for early diagnosis of this disease as well as to create a safe anti-viral vaccine for prevention. to these ends, we investigated the antigenicity of the spike protein (s protein), a major structural protein in the sars-coronavirus (sars-cov). based upon the theoretical analysis for hydrophobicity of the s protein, 1 ... | 2003 | 15629033 |
| evolution and variation of the sars-cov genome. | knowledge of the evolution of pathogens is of great medical and biological significance to the prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of infectious diseases. in order to understand the origin and evolution of the sars-cov (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus), we collected complete genome sequences of all viruses available in genbank, and made comparative analyses with the sars-cov. genomic signature analysis demonstrates that the coronaviruses all take the tgtt as their richest ... | 2003 | 15629034 |
| genome organization of the sars-cov. | annotation of the genome sequence of the sars-cov (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) is indispensable to understand its evolution and pathogenesis. we have performed a full annotation of the sars-cov genome sequences by using annotation programs publicly available or developed by ourselves. totally, 21 open reading frames (orfs) of genes or putative uncharacterized proteins (pups) were predicted. seven pups had not been reported previously, and two of them were predicted ... | 2003 | 15629035 |
| molecular advances in severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (sars-cov). | the sudden outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in 2002 prompted the establishment of a global scientific network subsuming most of the traditional rivalries in the competitive field of virology. within months of the sars outbreak, collaborative work revealed the identity of the disastrous pathogen as sars-associated coronavirus (sars-cov). however, although the rapid identification of the agent represented an important breakthrough, our understanding of the deadly virus remains ... | 2003 | 15629054 |
| sars: the flying death. | 2003 | 15707076 | |
| [over-expression in escherichia coli and purification of nucleocaspid and membrane protein of sars coronavirus]. | genes encoding nucleocaspid (n) and membrane (m) protein of sars coronavirus were obtained by rt-pcr and were cloned into expression vector pet22b and pbv222. dna sequencing showed that the genes cloned from a patient in beijing were identical to the gene sequences from reported toronto strain. the genes were over-expressed in e. coli either as inclusion body or as soluble form. the recombinant proteins were purified by ion-exchange, or ion-exchange followed by metal chelate affinity chromatogra ... | 2003 | 15969052 |
| tracking sars. | 2003 | 17896716 | |
| solving the mystery of sars. | 2003 | 17983135 | |
| design and application of 60mer oligonucleotide microarray in sars coronavirus detection. | the 60mer oligonucleotide microarray was designed and applied to detecting of sars (severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus. thirty 60mer specific oligos were designed to cover the whole genome of the first submitted coronavirus strain, according to the sequence of tor2 (genebank accession: ay274119). these primers were synthesized and printed into a microarray with 12 ×12 spots. rnas were extracted from the throat swab and gargling fluid of sars patients and reverse-transcripted into the ... | 2003 | 32214700 |
| angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ace2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function. | angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ace2) is a recently described homologue of the vasoactive peptidase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ace). like ace, ace2 is an integral (type i) membrane zinc metallopeptidase, which exists as an ectoenzyme. ace2 is less widely distributed than ace in the body, being expressed at highest concentrations in the heart, kidney and testis. ace2 also differs from ace in its substrate specificity, functioning exclusively as a carboxypeptidase rather than a peptidyl dipe ... | 2003 | 32214681 |
| angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ace2) and its possible roles in hypertension, diabetes and cardiac function. | angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ace2) is a recently described homologue of the vasoactive peptidase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ace). like ace, ace2 is an integral (type i) membrane zinc metallopeptidase, which exists as an ectoenzyme. ace2 is less widely distributed than ace in the body, being expressed at highest concentrations in the heart, kidney and testis. ace2 also differs from ace in its substrate specificity, functioning exclusively as a carboxypeptidase rather than a peptidyl dipe ... | 2003 | 32214680 |
| synthetic studies towards anti-sars agents: application of an indium-mediated allylation of α-aminoaldehydes as the key step towards an intermediate. | ag7088 was identified as a good starting point for modification, leading to an efficient and bio-available inhibitor for the sars coronavirus main proteinase (sars-cov mpro). synthesis of intermediate 1 and analogues proceeded via a highly diastereoselective indium-mediated allylation of α-aminoaldehydes. | 2004 | 32287437 |
| molecular targets for the rational design of drugs to inhibit sars coronavirus. | despite years of research, the precise determinants of coronavirus replication and pathogenesis remain unidentified. what is known of the pathogenesis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) is limited, but clinical observations suggest that both viral-induced cytotoxicity and host immune-mediated destruction contribute to the severity of disease. this summary discusses recent advances in coronavirus research that will facilitate the identification of crucial molecular ta ... | 2004 | 32288772 |
| discovery of anti-sars coronavirus drug based on molecular docking and database screening. | the active site of 3cl proteinase (3clpro) for coronavirus was identified by comparing the crystal structures of human and porcine coronavirus. the inhibitor of the main protein of rhinovirus (ag7088) could bind with 3clpro of human coronavirus, then it was selected as the reference for molecular docking and database screening. the ligands from two databases were used to search potential lead structures with molecular docking. several structures from natural products and acd-sc databases were fo ... | 2004 | 32313408 |
| severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in intensive care units (icus): limiting the risk to healthcare workers. | the global epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) during the first half of 2003 resulted in over 8000 cases with more than 800 deaths. many of those who eventually died, did so in the critical (intensive) care units of various hospitals around the world, and many secondary cases of sars arose in healthcare workers looking after such patients in these units. research on sars coronavirus (sars cov) demonstrated that this virus belongs to the same family of viruses, the coronaviridae ... | 2004 | 32288321 |
| catalytic inactivation of sars coronavirus, escherichia coli and yeast on solid surface. | catalytic oxidation is a potential way to disinfect air through a air-condition system. we find that the sars coronavirus, bacteria and yeast are completely inactivated in 5 min on ag catalyst surface and in 20 min on cu catalyst surface at room temperature in air. scanning electron microscopy (sem) images show that the yeast cells are dramatically destructed on the ag/al2o3 and cu/al2o3 surfaces, which indicates that the inactivation is caused by catalytic oxidation rather than by toxicity of h ... | 2004 | 32288691 |
| a rate equation approach to model the denaturation or replication behavior of the sars coronavirus. | as a newly emerging virus, little is known about the sars coronavirus, whose outbreak has brought away several hundred people's lives over the world in the year of 2003 and is seriously imperiling the human health. revealing the denaturation and replication mechanisms of sars coronavirus has great importance for successfully fighting sars. however, experiments related to sars coronavirus are extremely dangerous and therefore restricted only to certain specific labs with high safety standard. cle ... | 2004 | 32287360 |
| identification of encoding proteins related to sars-cov. | by sampling 100 encoding proteins from sars-coronavirus (sars-cov, nc 004718) and other six coronaviruses and selecting 23 variables through stepwise multiple regression (smr) from 172 variables, the multiple linear regression (mlr) model was established with good results of the quantitative modelling correlation coefficient r2 = 0.645 and the cross-validation correlation coefficient rcv2 = 0.375. after removing 4 outliers, the quantitative modelling and cross-validation correlation coefficients ... | 2004 | 32214714 |
| genome sequence variation analysis of two sars coronavirus isolates after passage in vero cell culture. | sars coronavirus is an rna virus whose replication is error-prone, which provides possibility for escape of host defenses, and even leads to evolution of new viral strains during the passage or the transmission. lots of variations have been detected among different sars-cov strains. and a study on these variations is helpful for development of efficient vaccine. moreover, the test of nucleic acid characterization and genetic stability of sars-cov is important in the research of inactivated vacci ... | 2004 | 32214713 |
| palindromes in sars and other coronaviruses. | with the identification of a novel coronavirus associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars), computational analysis of its rna genome sequence is expected to give useful clues to help elucidate the origin, evolution, and pathogenicity of the virus. in this paper, we study the collective counts of palindromes in the sars genome along with all the completely sequenced coronaviruses. based on a markov-chain model for the genome sequence, the mean and standard deviation for the numbe ... | 2004 | 24966663 |
| genome sequencing and characterization analysis of a beijing isolate of chicken coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (aibv) is classified as a member of the genus coronavirus in the family coronaviridae. the enveloped virus has a positive-sense, single-stranded rna genome of approximately 28 kilo-bases, which has a 5' cap structure and 3' polyadenylation tract. the complete genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), beijing isolate, was determined by cloning sequencing and primer walking. the whole genome is 27733 nucleotides in length, has ten open reading frames: ... | 2004 | 32214717 |
| genome sequencing and characterization analysis of a beijing isolate of chicken coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (aibv) is classified as a member of the genus coronavirus in the family coronaviridae. the enveloped virus has a positive-sense, single-stranded rna genome of approximately 28 kilo-bases, which has a 5' cap structure and 3' polyadenylation tract. the complete genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), beijing isolate, was determined by cloning sequencing and primer walking. the whole genome is 27733 nucleotides in length, has ten open reading frames: ... | 2004 | 32214717 |
| molecular epidemiology of the coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a review of data from the chinese university of hong kong. | the epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) has swept through the globe with more than 8000 reported probable cases. in hong kong, the hardest hit areas included our teaching hospital and the amoy gardens apartment complex. a novel coronavirus, sars-coronavirus (sars-cov), with a single-stranded plus sense rna genome, was promptly implicated as the causative agent and subsequently fulfilled koch's postulates. to aid the understanding of sars-cov, groups of investigators rapidly ... | 2004 | 18458710 |
| the laboratory diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome: emerging laboratory tests for an emerging pathogen. | the 2003 pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) profiled the ability of modern diagnostic microbiology and molecular biology to identify, isolate and characterize, within weeks, a previously unknown viral infectious pathogen. the culprit, sars coronavirus (sars-cov), was detected in patient specimens by traditional cell culture using an unusual cell line for respiratory viruses, vero e6, and by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) targeting the polymerase 1 b re ... | 2004 | 18458711 |
| membrane-associated zinc peptidase families: comparing ace and ace2. | in contrast to the relatively ubiquitous angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace), expression of the mammalian ace homologue, ace2, was initially described in the heart, kidney and testis. ace2 is a type i integral membrane protein with its active site domain exposed to the extracellular surface of endothelial cells and the renal tubular epithelium. here ace2 is poised to metabolise circulating peptides which may include angiotensin ii, a potent vasoconstrictor and the product of angiotensin i cleava ... | 2004 | 16054014 |
| immunological responses against sars-coronavirus infection in humans. | since the outbreak of a sars epidemic last year, significant advances have been made on our understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between the sars coronavirus (cov) and the immune system. strong humoral responses have been found in most patients following sars-cov infection, with high titers of neutralizing abs present in their convalescent sera. the nucleocapsid (n) and spike (s) proteins of sars-cov appear to be the dominant antigens recognized by serum abs. cd4+ t cell responses agai ... | 2004 | 16212898 |
| sars immunity and vaccination. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is a serious and fatal infectious disease caused by sars coronavirus (sars-cov), a novel human coronavirus. sars-cov infection stimulates cytokines (e.g., il-10, ifn-gamma, il-1, etc.) expression dramatically, and t lymphocytes and their subsets cd4(+) and cd8(+) t cells are decreased after onset of the disease. sars-specific igg antibody is generated in the second week and persists for a long time, whereas igm is expressed transiently. the spike protein ... | 2004 | 16219167 |
| cross-reaction of sars-cov antigen with autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases. | to investigate the significance of the sars-associated coronavirus (sars-cov) antibody, detected by elisa and indirect immunofluorescence assays (ifa) for the sars-cov vero e6 cell lysates, in non-sars subjects, 114 serum samples from healthy controls and 104 serum specimens from autoimmune disease patients were collected. the results of elisa showed that among 114 sera from healthy controls, 4 (3.5%) were positive of sars-cov-igg antibody and 114 (100%) were all negative of sars-cov-igm antibod ... | 2004 | 16225774 |
| [apropos of the nosocomial transmission of southeast asian severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars)]. | 2004 | 16235604 | |
| a self-tuning method for one-chip snp identification. | current methods for interpreting oligonucleotide-based snp-detection microarrays, snp chips, are based on statistics and require extensive parameter tuning as well as extremely high-resolution images of the chip being processed. we present a method, based on a simple data-classification technique called nearest-neighbors that, on haploid organisms, produces results comparable to the published results of the leading statistical methods and requires very little in the way of parameter tuning. furt ... | 2004 | 16448001 |
| sars: an emerging global microbial threat. | in march 2003, the institute of medicine published an update to its 1992 landmark report on emerging infections. the new report, microbial threats to health: emergence, detection, and response, describes the current spectrum of global microbial threats, factors affecting their emergence or resurgence, and measures that should be undertaken to effectively address them. coincident with this publication came increasing reports of severe atypical pneumonia of unknown etiology among persons in southe ... | 2004 | 17060979 |
| in vitro inhibition of sars virus replication by human interferons. | four different types of human interferon, interferon-beta (ifn-beta), recombinant ifn-alpha2a and ifn-alpha2b and natural ifn-alpha were tested for antiviral activity against sars-coronavirus. the experiments were performed using in vitro cultivated monkey vero e6 cells. ifn-beta was found to be the most highly active antiviral agent, followed by natural ifn-alpha, whereas the 2 recombinant ifn-alpha2 species were poorly active in the system used. these results suggest that ifn-beta as well as n ... | 2004 | 15764169 |
| sars molecular detection external quality assurance. | inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus samples were used for an external quality assurance study within the world health organization sars reference and verification network and other reference institutions. of 58 participants, 51 correctly detected virus in all samples > or =9,400 rna copies per milliliter and none in negative samples. commercial test kits significantly improved the outcome. | 2004 | 15663861 |
| antibodies to sars coronavirus in civets. | using three different assays, we examined 103 serum samples collected from different civet farms and a market in china in june 2003 and january 2004. while civets on farms were largely free from sars-cov infection, approximately 80% of the animals from one animal market in guangzhou contained significant levels of antibody to sars-cov, which suggests no widespread infection among civets resident on farms, and the infection of civets in the market might be associated with trading activities under ... | 2004 | 15663874 |
| [winter viruses]. | 2004 | 15119334 | |
| [rnase iii-prepared short interfering rnas induce degradation of sars-coronavirus mrnas in human cells]. | sars-associated coronavirus has been identified for the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome, for which there is no efficacious drugs or vaccines. rna interference (rnai) is a process in cell to degradation specific target mrna by double-stranded rna. in mammalian cells, rnai can be triggered by short interfering rna (sirna). rna interference of virus-specific genes has emerged as a potential antiviral mechanism. this work evaluated if rnase iii-prepared short interfering rnas can induce s ... | 2004 | 15968975 |
| [seroepidemiology of sars in taiyuan city]. | 2004 | 15906479 | |
| [characteristics and distribution of serum antibodies of sars virus in population of shanxi]. | 2004 | 15906480 | |
| animal coronaviruses: what can they teach us about the severe acute respiratory syndrome? | in 2002, a new coronavirus (cov) emerged in the people's republic of china, associated with a severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) and mortality in humans. the epidemic rapidly spread throughout the world before being contained in 2003, although sporadic cases occurred thereafter in asia. the virus is thought to be of zoonotic origin from a wild animal reservoir (himalayan palm civets [paguma larvata] are suspected), but the definitive host is unknown. there is concern about possible transmi ... | 2004 | 15702725 |
| phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparisons of structural and non-structural sars coronavirus proteins in taiwan. | taiwan experienced a large number of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) viral infections between march and july 2003; by september of that year, 346 sars cases were confirmed by rt-pcr or serological tests. in order to better understand evolutionary relationships among sars coronaviruses (scovs) from different international regions, we performed phylogenetic comparisons of full-length genomic and protein sequences from 45 human scovs (including 12 from taiwan) and two civet scovs. all the ... | 2004 | 15737918 |
| leadership in research: organizing genius. | science has become complex. its success is increasingly becoming a matter of collaboration based on established infrastructures and professional norms in response to environmental challenges. leadership in such situations means organizing the genius inherent in great groups. three examples--the manhattan project, mapping the human genome, and rapidly understanding the nature of the sars virus--are analyzed, showing a trend away from the individual scientist to a model based on simultaneous compe ... | 2004 | 15948492 |
| bovine torovirus (breda virus) revisited. | bovine torovirus (botv) is a pleomorphic virus with a spike-bearing envelope and a linear, non-segmented, positive-sense single-stranded rna genome. this kidney-shaped virus is associated with diarrhea in calves and apparently has a worldwide distribution. this review provides details of the history and taxonomy of botv since its discovery in 1979. information about virion morphology and architecture, antigenic and biological properties, viral genome, protein composition, thermal and chemical st ... | 2004 | 15984322 |
| structure-based preliminary analysis of immunity and virulence of sars coronavirus. | the research on sars-associated coronavirus (sars-cov) has not stopped since its discovery, but the pathogenesis of sars is still unclear. to explore the possible molecular mechanisms of the invasion and virulence of sars-cov, we investigated the structural basis of the viral proteins using computational biology. forty-five motifs relating to superantigens, toxins and other bioactive molecules were detected in the proteins of sars-cov. the results showed that the distribution of the motifs varie ... | 2004 | 15671749 |
| severe acute respiratory syndrome, a pathological immune response to the new coronavirus--implications for understanding of pathogenesis, therapy, design of vaccines, and epidemiology. | findings coming from autopsies and serum of sars patients suggest an important immune-inflammatory implication in the evolution to respiratory distress. conditions such as hiv infection or treatment with immunosuppressors (in cancer or autoimmune diseases) are not among the bad prognosis factors for development of distress. to date, there have been no reported case fatalities in children, probably due to their more immature immune system. our conclusions follow: (1) the milder form of sars in ch ... | 2004 | 15671750 |
| evaluation of a safe and sensitive spike protein-based immunofluorescence assay for the detection of antibody responses to sars-cov. | previously, we have identified a truncated antigenic fragment named protein c [441 to 700 amino acids (a.a.)] as the immunodominant fragment of spike (s) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (sars-cov). we have now successfully expressed protein c using the baculovirus system in s. frugiperda (sf-9) cells. this recombinant baculovirus expressing protein c was first characterized using five sars convalescent human sera and five normal human sera. the results showed that ... | 2004 | 15680149 |
| development and comparison of the real-time amplification based methods--nasba-beacon, rt-pcr taqman and rt-pcr hybridization probe assays--for the qualitative detection of sars coronavirus. | the aim of this study was to develop a rapid, sensitive and robust procedure for the qualitative detection of sars coronavirus rna. three unique detection formats were developed for real-time rna amplification assays: a post amplification detection step with a virus-specific internal capture probe based on taqman (rt-pcr taqman assay), hybridization probe (rt-pcr hybridization probe assay) and a real-time assay with virus-specific molecular beacon probes (nasba-beacon assay). the analytical sens ... | 2004 | 15689078 |
| three-dimensional model of a substrate-bound sars chymotrypsin-like cysteine proteinase predicted by multiple molecular dynamics simulations: catalytic efficiency regulated by substrate binding. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is a contagious and deadly disease caused by a new coronavirus. the protein sequence of the chymotrypsin-like cysteine proteinase (ccp) responsible for sars viral replication has been identified as a target for developing anti-sars drugs. here, i report the atvrlq(p1)a(p1')-bound ccp 3d model predicted by 420 different molecular dynamics simulations (2.0 ns for each simulation with a 1.0-fs time step). this theoretical model was released at the protein da ... | 2004 | 15690493 |
| [analysis on the characteristics of blood serum ab-igg detective result of severe acute respiratory syndrome patients in guangzhou, china]. | to probe blood serum ab-igg characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) patients in guangzhou and investigate the related factors. | 2004 | 15769316 |
| mutations in sendai virus variant f1-r that correlate with plaque formation in the absence of trypsin. | with the emergence of new viruses, such as the sars virus and the avian influenza virus, the importance of investigations on the genetic basis of viral infections becomes clear. sendai virus causes a localized respiratory tract infection in rodents, while a mutant, f1-r, causes a systemic infection. it has been suggested that two determinants are responsible for the systemic infection caused by f1-r [okada et al (1998) arch virol 143:2343-2352]. the primary determinant of the pantropism is the e ... | 2004 | 15834752 |
| animal coronavirus vaccines: lessons for sars. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) emerged in china and spread globally as a human pandemic. it is caused by a new coronavirus (cov) of suspect animal origin. the emergence of sars stunned medical scientists, but veterinary virologists had previously recognized covs as causing fatal respiratory or enteric disease in animals with interspecies transmission and wildlife reservoirs. because of its public health impact, major efforts are focused on development of sars vaccines. occurrence of co ... | 2004 | 15742624 |
| real-time quantitative fluorescent reverse transcriptase-pcr for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus rna. | sars-associated coronavirus (sars-cov) has been confirmed as the pathogen for severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars). the aim of our study was to construct a sensitive and specific real-time quantitative fluorescent (qf) reverse transcriptase (rt)-pcr method for the detection of sars-cov rna. | 2004 | 15887978 |
| evaluation of a real-time polymerase-chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) associated coronavirus in patients with hospitalised exacerbation of copd. | one year after the first outbreak infections with sars associated coronavirus were again reported and the clinical picture varied. because health care facilities will have to initiate immediate preventive action in cases of probable sars we tested the potential of pcr to exclude sars associated coronavirus in patients hospitalized with respiratory symptoms. based on primers published recently a real time taqman pcr was established and evaluated. lower respiratory tract specimens of patients with ... | 2004 | 15649859 |
| [preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against sars-associated coronavirus nucleocapsid protein]. | to obtain monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) associated coronavirus (sars-cov) nucleocapsid (n) protein to develop diagnostic test for sars and study the pathogenesis of the disease. | 2004 | 15650778 |
| [sero-epidemiological characteristics of antibody to sars-associated coronavirus in gansu province]. | to study the levels of sars-associated coronavirus igg antibody of sars patients, people who closely contacted sars patients and normal subjects in gansu province. | 2004 | 15650780 |
| increased sensitivity of sars-coronavirus to a combination of human type i and type ii interferons. | there is currently an urgent need to identify effective antiviral agents that will prevent and treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) infection. in this study, we have investigated and compared the antiviral effect of different interferons (ifns) on sars-cov replication in the epithelial kidney monkey vero cell line. the results showed that sars-cov grown in vero cells is moderately sensitive to ifn-beta and only weakly sensitive to ifn-alpha and ifn-gamma, in comparison ... | 2004 | 15651759 |
| the structure of a rigorously conserved rna element within the sars virus genome. | we have solved the three-dimensional crystal structure of the stem-loop ii motif (s2m) rna element of the sars virus genome to 2.7-a resolution. sars and related coronaviruses and astroviruses all possess a motif at the 3' end of their rna genomes, called the s2m, whose pathogenic importance is inferred from its rigorous sequence conservation in an otherwise rapidly mutable rna genome. we find that this extreme conservation is clearly explained by the requirement to form a highly structured rna ... | 2004 | 15630477 |
| inactivation of sars coronavirus by means of povidone-iodine, physical conditions, and chemical reagents. | the efficacy of several povidone-iodine (pvp-i) products, a number of other chemical agents, and various physical conditions were evaluated for their ability to inactivate the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov). treatment of sars-cov with pvp-i products for 2 min reduced the virus infectivity from 1.17 x 10(6) tcid50/ml to below the detectable level. the efficacy of 70% ethanol was equivalent to that of pvp-i products. fixation of sars-cov-infected vero e6 cells with a fixa ... | 2004 | 15631008 |
| [a preliminary investigation on the serological and epidemiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children]. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is a highly contagious infection caused by a newly discovered strain of coronavirus (sars-cov). during the outbreak of sars in the first half of 2003, children appeared to be less susceptible to the sars coronavirus and pediatric patients presented with a less aggressive clinical course than adult patients did, demonstrating the traits which were rarely observed in other viral contagious disease. the present study aimed to preliminarily examine the pr ... | 2004 | 15631713 |
| [study on the response of specific antibodies against sars-cov in patients infected with sars]. | to study the response of specific antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars)-cov in patients infected with sars. | 2004 | 15631740 |
| [serological investigation on close contacts to patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome in an sars outbreak]. | to study the evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) infection among close contacts to sars patients and the level of sera igg antibody in sars cases. | 2004 | 15631743 |
| [detection of sars-cov and rna on aerosol samples from sars-patients admitted to hospital]. | to assess the risk of aerosol transmission in severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) patients admitted to hospital through testing the air samples. | 2004 | 15631748 |
| [preparation of monoclonal antibodies against sars coronavirus and staining usage in lung autopsy specimens]. | to prepare monoclonal antibodies against sars coronavirus (sars-cov) on the purpose to explore the diagnosis methods of sars. | 2004 | 15631779 |
| a large-volume nebulizer would not be an infectious source for severe acute respiratory syndrome. | we attempted to detect the presence of airborne sars-coronavirus (cov) in a healthcare setting when a patient with sars used a humidifier or a large-volume nebulizer (lvn). all of the air samples from the humidifier and lvn were found to have negative sars-cov-specific dna products. | 2004 | 15636302 |
| molecular genetic methods in the diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections. | molecular diagnostic techniques, such as pcr, have become useful tools for the rapid etiological diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections. nucleic acid amplification tests (naats) have been evaluated for detecting most respiratory pathogens, and commercial assays are available for some pathogens. however, standardized protocols are needed before these assays are introduced into routine diagnostic use. for pneumonia, naats offer advantages over conventional tests for the detection of mycop ... | 2004 | 15638835 |
| [development and preliminary application of monoclonal antibodies against n protein of sars virus]. | to develop the monoclonal antibody against n protein of sars virus and study its applicability. | 2004 | 15640861 |
| [potent neutralization antibody elicited in mice by sars-associated coronavirus spike protein s1 domain]. | to study the antigenicity of sars associated coronavirus (cov) spike s1 (12-672aa) domain. | 2004 | 15640862 |
| expression and purification of sars coronavirus membrane protein. | to construct a recombinant plasmid pet23a-m, the gene encoding severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus membrane protein was amplified by rt-pcr and cloned into the expression plasmid pet23a. results of restriction endonuclease analysis, pcr detection and dna sequencing analysis revealed that the cloned dna sequence was the same as that reported. the recombinants were transformed into escherichia coli (e. coli) bl21 (de3) and induced by isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside (iptg). ... | 2004 | 15641679 |
| preliminary study on the detection of the sars-cov specific target cdna fragments by multiplex pcr. | the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was applied to detect the sars-cov (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) specific target cdna fragments in the present study. the target cdna fragments of sars-cov were synthesized artificially according to the genome sequence of sars-cov in genbank submitted by the chinese university of hong kong, and were used as simulated positive samples. five primers recommended by world health organization (who) were used to ampli ... | 2004 | 15629044 |
| [study on the stability of sars coronavirus]. | 2004 | 15628533 | |
| fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with multiorgan involvement by coronavirus. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is characterized by pulmonary compromise; however, patients often have evidence of other organ dysfunction that may reflect extrapulmonary dissemination of sars coronavirus (sars-cov). we report on the distribution and viral load of sars-cov in multiple organ samples from patients who died of sars during the toronto outbreak. sars-cov was detected in lung (100%), bowel (73%), liver (41%), and kidney (38%) in 19 patients who died of sars, with the highest ... | 2004 | 15609228 |
| chronological evolution of igm, iga, igg and neutralisation antibodies after infection with sars-associated coronavirus. | abstract serum levels of igg, igm and iga against severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (sars)-associated coronavirus (sars-cov) were detected serially with the use of immunofluorescent antibody assays in 30 patients with sars. seroconversion for igg (mean 10 days) occurred simultaneously, or 1 day earlier, than that for igm and iga (mean 11 days for both). igg could be detected as early as 4 days after the onset of illness. the earliest time at which these three antibodies reached peak lev ... | 2004 | 15606632 |
| [sars]. | 2004 | 15624464 |