Publications

endotoxin and lipid peroxidation in vivo in selenium- and vitamin e-deficient and -adequate rats.	the effect of salmonella typhimurium endotoxin injected intraperitoneally (0.5 mg/kg body weight) on lipid peroxidation in vivo was assessed. peroxidation was monitored by measuring ethane production, an autoxidation product of (n-3) unsaturated fatty acids. weanling rats were fed a selenium- and vitamin e-deficient basal diet or one supplemented with 0.2 mg se/kg and/or 200 mg vitamin e/kg. after 11 to 13 wk of feeding, ethane production was tripled in lps-treated se- and vitamin e-deficient ra ...	1991	1995793
bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces long-lasting iga deficiency concurrently with features of polyclonal b cell activation in normal and in lupus-prone mice.	polyclonal b cell activation (pba) and autoimmune disease can be induced in immunologically normal mice, or enhanced in lupus-prone mice, by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). because immune defects are common in autoimmune diseases and iga deficiency is prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, we investigated: (i) whether lps might induce iga deficiency in normal mice; (ii) whether iga deficiency might be a feature in lupus-prone mice; (iii) whether, if present in lupus-prone m ...	1991	2015704
inhibition by lipid a-specific monoclonal antibodies of priming of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes by endotoxin.	exposure to lipopolysaccharide (lps) primes polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmnl) for enhanced release of oxygen metabolites after subsequent stimulation. the metabolic response of human pmnl primed with lps and stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp) was measured by chemiluminescence (cl) as a parameter for endotoxic activity. polymyxin b (pmb) and monoclonal antibodies (mabs) with specificity for lipid a were tested for inhibition of the priming effect of re lps of salmonell ...	1991	2020018
mapping of the binding specificity for five monoclonal antibodies recognizing 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid in bacterial lipopolysaccharides.	mouse mab were produced against the deep rough strains salmonella minnesota r 595, salmonella typhimurium sl 1102, and escherichia coli d21f2 and screened by enzyme immunoassay against lps of several chemotypes. five antibodies were selected for their ability to bind to chemotype deep rough (re) lps which has two 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (kdo) residues in its nonreducing end. structurally verified oligosaccharides isolated from rough lps and synthetic analogues of kdo were used in an enz ...	1991	2033255
monophosphoryl lipid a induces tolerance to the lethal hemodynamic effects of endotoxemia.	monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl) is a nontoxic derivative of lipid a. in this study, the induction of tolerance by mpl to the hemodynamic effects of lethal endotoxemia was tested. ten sprague-dawley rats were received either salmonella minnesota mpl 0.5 mg/100 g intravenously (i.v.) or equivalent volume of diluent (control) i.v. on day zero. on day 3 s. minnesota endotoxin (lps) 5.0 mg/100 g was administered i.v. cardiac output (co), arterial lactate (l), and central venous oxygen saturation (svo2) ...	1991	2049817
disialoganglioside gd2 in human neuroectodermal tumor cell lines and gliomas.	monoclonal antibodies (mabs) recognizing the disialoganglioside ii3(neuac)2ggose3cer (gd2) were produced by immunizing mice with the gd2-expressing neuroblastoma cell line lan-1 and a prefusion boost with purified gd2 coupled to salmonella minnesota. two igm mabs were isolated which demonstrated high levels of reactivity (binding ratios in excess of 100) with gd2 by solid-phase radioimmunoassay and positivity in high-performance thin-layer chromatography (hptlc) immunostain; only one (dmab-20) w ...	1991	1659106
the salmonella typhimurium virulence plasmid complement resistance gene rck is homologous to a family of virulence-related outer membrane protein genes, including pagc and ail.	a fragment of the salmonella typhimurium virulence plasmid containing the rck locus, when cloned in the recombinant cosmid pade016, was shown previously to confer high-level complement resistance on both rough and smooth escherichia coli, salmonella minnesota, and s. typhimurium and was associated with the production of an outer membrane protein. we determined the nucleotide sequence of the fragment containing the rck locus. mutations in the two major open reading frames confirmed that the compl ...	1992	1729227
adhesion molecules involved in the interaction of lgl/nk cells and human endothelial cells stimulated with salmonella bacteria.	previously we showed that pretreatment of lgl/nk or huve cells with salmonella bacteria augments the adhesion of lgl/nk cells to endothelium. here we analyse the roles of huvec adhesion molecules vcam-1, icam-1 and e-selectin, and the counter-receptors vla-4, lfa-1 and slex in the increase of lgl/nk adhesion to huvec, stimulated with salmonella minnesota mr595 bacteria, lps or tnf-alpha. on salmonella-stimulated huvec, vcam-1 and icam-1 were the major binding structures involved, and their effec ...	1992	1279781
lipopolysaccharide binding protein enhances the responsiveness of alveolar macrophages to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. implications for cytokine production in normal and injured lungs.	a plasma lipopolysaccharide (lps)-binding protein (lbp) has been shown to regulate the response of rabbit peritoneal macrophages and human blood monocytes to endotoxin (lps). we investigated whether lbp is present in lung fluids and the effects of lbp on the response of lung macrophages to lps. immunoreactive lbp was detectable in the lavage fluids of patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome by immunoprecipitation followed by western blotting, and also by specific immunoassay. in ra ...	1992	1281827
[lipopolysaccharide binding protein enhances intratracheally administrated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation via a cd14 receptor].	we examined the role of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (lbp) in the airspace and the cd14 receptor on alveolar macrophages in tnf alpha production and neutrophil (pmn) sequestration in lungs induced by intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (lps). lps alone (salmonella minnesota wild-type; 20 ng) or lps + lbp complex [lps (20 ng) + rabbit lbp (500 ng); preincubated for 30 min at 37 degrees c] was injected intratracheally into isolated rabbit lungs perfused with lactate-ringer-albumin ...	1992	1284855
immunosuppressive effects induced by the polysaccharide moiety of some bacterial lipopolysaccharides.	the immunomodulatory properties of several lipopolysaccharides (lps) derived from clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, branhamella catarrhalis, and bordetella pertussis were evaluated for their capacity to influence the magnitude of the antibody response to type iii pneumococcal polysaccharide (sss-iii), which is known to be regulated by suppressor and amplifier t cells (ts and ta, respectively). the administration of lps, two days after immunization resulted in a significant increase in ...	1992	1286878
preparation and binding specificity of a monoclonal antibody recognizing 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (kdo) in lipopolysaccharides of re chemotype.	a mouse monoclonal antibody (mab e1) was raised against the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of the re mutant r595 of salmonella minnesota. this igg3 antibody (mab e1), unstable at low ph and low ionic strength, was purified by chromatography on qae sepharose a50. the binding specificity of mab e1 was characterized by direct and inhibition enzyme immunoassays, using natural lpss from different strains and chemotypes, and synthetic analogs of lps substructure of the 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (kd ...	1992	1294455
generation of one set of monoclonal antibodies specific for b-pathway ganglio-series gangliosides.	we established six murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for b-pathway ganglio-series gangliosides by immunizing c3h/hen mice with these purified gangliosides adsorbed to salmonella minnesota mutant r595. the binding specificities of these mabs were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunostaining on thin-layer chromatogram. these six mabs, designated ggb19, gmr2, gmr7, ggr12, gmr5, and ggr13 reacted strongly with the gangliosides gd3, o-ac-gd3, gd2, gd1b, gt1b, and g ...	1992	1371229
a synthetic glycoconjugate representing the genus-specific epitope of chlamydial lipopolysaccharide exhibits the same specificity as its natural counterpart.	the tetrasaccharide 3-deoxy-alpha-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (alpha-kdo) (2----8)-alpha-kdo(2----4)-alpha-kdo(2----6)-beta glcnac, a partial structure of chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (lps) representing a genus-specific epitope, was synthesized and covalently linked to bovine serum albumin, resulting in an artificial glycoconjugate antigen. mice were immunized with the glycoconjugate to prepare chlamydia-specific monoclonal antibodies. they were selected with chlamydia-specific lps antigens and ...	1992	1372290
purification and characterization of lps-free porins isolated from salmonella minnesota.	porins of salmonella minnesota, r595, were purified by anion exchange chromatography and subsequently isolated in their monomeric form by chromatofocusing. two forms of porin could be isolated, both with an apparent molecular mass of 37,000, but of differing isoelectric points (pi 4.6 versus pi of 4.9). porins with pi 4.9 did not contain any detectable lps, but porins with pi 4.6 were found to contain trace amounts of lps (1.3 x 10(-4) micrograms lps/1 microgram porin) as measured using a highly ...	1992	1372873
a monoclonal antibody (st-1) directed to the native heparin chain.	a mouse monoclonal antibody, st-1, was raised against heparin complexed to salmonella minnesota. characterization of this antibody showed that it recognizes an epitope in the intact molecule of heparin that is present regardless of its source or anticoagulant activity. st-1 is the first monoclonal antibody specific for the intact unmodified molecule of heparin to be described. 3h-labeled heparin in solution was immunoprecipitated by st-1, and the formation of the 3h-labeled immunocomplex was sel ...	1992	1377883
reactivity of monoclonal antibody e5 with endotoxin. i. binding to lipid a and rough lipopolysaccharides.	the murine igm monoclonal antibody (mab) e5 was produced by a hybridoma derived from spleen cells of a mouse immunized with the j5 rough mutant of escherichia coli o111:b4. in a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, e5 has been shown to reduce significantly the mortality and morbidity of patients with gram-negative sepsis. the characteristics of e5 binding to endotoxin were studied in vitro. we report here the results of binding to an extensive panel of rough lipopolysacchari ...	1992	1394865
lipopolysaccharide induces egr-1 mrna and protein in murine peritoneal macrophages.	bacterial lps has diverse effects on the function of immune cells, in general, and macrophages, in particular. the intracellular molecular events that mediate the effects of lps are unclear. we undertook a series of studies in thioglycollate-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages to evaluate the effect of lps on expression of egr-1, a member of the immediate early response gene family. egr-1 may function as an intranuclear "third messenger" because it is rapidly induced in a variety of cell type ...	1992	1401930
both the polysaccharide and lipid a parts of endotoxins are needed for the inhibitory effects of endotoxins on cellular ldl uptake.	we previously reported that endotoxins inhibit low-density lipoprotein (ldl) uptake and degradation in hep g2 cells. in the present study, we tried to elucidate which part(s) of the endotoxin molecules contribute(s) to the inhibitory effect of endotoxins on ldl uptake and degradation. the results show that the endotoxin isolated from salmonella minnesota re595 (re mutant), which lacks polysaccharide, had no effect on the uptake and degradation of 125i-labelled ldl in hep g2 cells. this mutant fo ...	1992	1411250
[the adhesive properties of s and r mutants of salmonella minnesota during batch cultivation].	the study of the adhesive, surface-electrical and hydrophobic properties of s. minnesota s- and r-mutants in the process batch cultivation has revealed that the maximum values of the above parameters are characteristic of the stationary phase of culture growth and their minimum values, of the end of the lag phase. electrophoretic mobility and adhesiveness increase from s- to re-chemotype. the surface of salmonella s-form is more hydrophilic, than in r-mutants which are indistinguishable in the d ...	1992	1414109
252cf plasma-desorption mass spectrometry of lipid a from enterobacter agglomerans.	endotoxins from gram-negative bacteria are believed to be causative agents of byssinosis, an occupational pulmonary disease associated with exposure to cotton dust in textile mills. lipid a preparations from enterobacter agglomerans, a gram-negative bacterium commonly found in cotton and cotton dust, have been analyzed using plasma-desorption mass spectrometry. results indicate the existence of at least two lipid a types which differ only by the presence of an additional oxygen atom whose positi ...	1992	1421514
studies on phospholipids of different mutants of salmonella minnesota.	lipid composition of the cells of smooth (s form) and core-defective rough mutants (ra, rb & re) of salmonella minnesota has been studied. the readily-extractable lipids (rels), acid-extractable lipids, and polar and nonpolar phospholipids have been analysed. fatty acid composition of the different fractions containing phospholipids and other neutral lipids have been determined by glc and gc-ms techniques. phosphatidyl glycerol (pg), phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) and diphosphatidyl glycerol (dpg ...	1992	1427963
activation of human monocyte chemiluminescence response by acylpoly(1,3)galactosides derived from klebsiella pneumoniae.	the stimulating activity of several preparations isolated from a membrane proteoglycan of a nonencapsulated smooth strain of klebsiella pneumoniae (kp-mpg) on the oxidative burst of human blood monocytes was assessed by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (cl). five kp derivatives were studied: a 34-kd acylpoly(1,3)galactoside (apg), obtained by drastic alkaline hydrolysis and purified by chromatography; an apg preparation subjected to acid hydrolysis that removed the core part and all fatty acid ...	1992	1431564
mobilization of iron and iron-related proteins in rat spleen after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharides (lps).	we used lipopolysaccharide (lps) to provoke immune responses and observed the changes in the localization of iron and iron-related proteins, such as transferrin receptor, ferritin and hemosiderin in the rat spleen. after intravenous injection of 250 micrograms lps (salmonella minnesota r595), spleen weight and serum igm levels increased, cells incorporating 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (brdu), and transferrin receptor positive cells increased in the peripheral portion of the periarterial lymphoid she ...	1992	1448384
analysis of the binding of polymyxin b to endotoxic lipid a and core glycolipid using a fluorescent displacement probe.	dansylcadaverine, a cationic fluorescent probe binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and lipid a, and is displaced competitively by other compounds which possess affinity toward endotoxins. the binding parameters of dansylcadaverine for lipid a were determined by scatchard analysis to be two apparently equivalent sites with apparent dissociation constants (kd) ranging between 16 microm to 26 microm, while that obtained for core glycolipid from salmonella minnesota re595 yielded a kd of 22 microm ...	1992	1450208
phase diagram of deep rough mutant lipopolysaccharide from salmonella minnesota r595.	the structural polymorphism of deep rough mutant lipopolysaccharide--in many biological systems the most active endotoxin--from salmonella minnesota strain r595 was investigated as function of temperature, water content, and mg2+ concentration. differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine the amount of bound water and the enthalpy change at the beta<==>alpha gel to liquid crystalline acyl chain melting. the onset, midtemperature tc, and completion of the beta<==>alpha phase transition ...	1992	1486008
protective and pathological roles of nitric oxide in endotoxin shock.	the aim was to investigate the effects of ng-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-nmma), an inhibitor of both the constitutive (ca2+ dependent) and inducible (ca2+ independent) nitric oxide (no) synthases, or of pretreatment with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone, an inhibitor of the induction of the ca2+ independent no synthase, on lipopolysaccharide induced shock in the anaesthetised rabbit.	1992	1516112
lymphoproliferative responses in diet-restricted and aging sprague-dawley rats.	immunological effects of aging and dietary restriction (i.e., chronic underfeeding without malnutrition) were investigated in male cfy sprague-dawley rats. from weaning, diet-restricted animals were given the amount of food that maintained their body weights at approximately 50% of age-matched ad libitum controls. cells from the spleen, peyer's patches, brachial/axillary lymph nodes, and mesenteric nodes of 12- and 20-month-old rats were tested in vitro against the t-cell mitogens phytohaemagglu ...	1992	1521594
teicoplanin reduces in-vitro reactivity and murine lethality of salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharide.	three different tests were performed to investigate the effect of teicoplanin on lipopolysaccharide (lps). after incubation for 3 h with teicoplanin, lps from salmonella minnesota r595 showed reduced reactivity in the metachromatic dimethyl-methylene blue assay and the limulus amoebocyte lysate test. in addition, galactosamine-sensitized mice had an increased survival rate, from 29% to 72%, when teicoplanin was pre-incubated for 3 h with the lps to be injected intraperitoneally. the results sugg ...	1992	1535068
structural features that influence the ability of lipid a and its analogs to abolish expression of suppressor t cell activity.	lipid a preparations derived from the lipopolysaccharides of several gram-negative bacteria, as well as chemically defined synthetic lipid a's and their analogs (both glucosamine mono- and disaccharides), were used to establish the chemical structures required for (i) abolishing the expression of suppressor t cell (ts) function and (ii) inducing polyclonal activation of b cells. salmonella minnesota r595 lipid a (diphosphoryl lipid a) possesses both of these activities. decreasing the number of ...	1992	1535339
generation of murine monoclonal antibodies specific for n-glycolylneuraminic acid-containing gangliosides.	we generated two murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for mono- and disialylgangliosides having n-glycolylneuraminic acid (neugc) as their sialic acid moiety, respectively, by immunizing c3h/hen mice with these purified gangliosides adsorbed to salmonella minnesota followed by fusion with mouse myeloma cells. by use of a wide variety of glycolipids, including neugc-containing gangliosides, the precise structures recognized by these two antibodies were elucidated through enzyme-linked imm ...	1992	1567198
use of low toxicity adjuvants and killed virus to induce protective immunity against the friend murine leukaemia retrovirus-induced disease.	low toxic and synthetic adjuvants were investigated in the induction of protective immunity against friend murine retrovirus-induced erythroleukaemia by immunization with inactivated friend murine leukaemia helper virus (f-mulv). 6-o-(2-tetradecyl-hexadecanoyl)-n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine (b30-mdp) showed a significant enhancement of the protective immunity against friend virus-induced erythroleukaemia not only in h-2a/b mice known to make good immune responses to f-mulv envelope, bu ...	1992	1574922
monophosphoryl lipid a attenuates the effects of endotoxic shock in pigs.	monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl) is a nontoxic lipid a derivative that maintains many of the beneficial immunomodulatory activities of the parent lipopolysaccharide molecule, including the induction of tolerance to endotoxin. the hemodynamic effects of salmonella minnesota mpl (300 mg/kg) and s. minnesota lipopolysaccharide (300 micrograms/kg) were compared in 20 minipigs. decreases in cardiac output and arterial pressure and increases in pulmonary artery pressure and lactic acidosis were significan ...	1992	1583383
antibody responses to ganglio-series gangliosides in different strains of inbred mice.	we studied antibody responses after immunization with ganglio-series gangliosides against 10 strains of inbred mice, including balb/c, c57bl/6, a/j, c3h/hen, c3h/hej, cba/n, akr/n, nzb/n, dba/2 and nu/nu balb/c. twelve gangliosides having neuac as their sialic acid moiety (gm4, gm3, gm2, gm1, gd3, o-ac-gd3, gd2, gd1a, gd1b, gt1a, gt1b and gq1b), four gangliosides having neugc (gm3, gm2, gm1 and gd3) and four asialo-gangliosides (ga4, ga3, ga2 and ga1) were injected intravenously adsorbed to salm ...	1992	1584231
early endotoxin tolerance in suckling rats.	early endotoxin tolerance has not been well investigated in the newborn. this study demonstrated that a sublethal dose of salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (s. ent-lps) or rough mutant salmonella minnesota lps (re-lps) induced early endotoxin tolerance in suckling rats, showing blunted hypoglycemia and decreased mortality. the mortality of endotoxic shock was lower in s. ent-lps pretreated group than re-lps pretreated group. a sublethal dose of s. ent-lps caused lactacidemia but re-lps d ...	1992	1604049
induction of antitumor activities in spleen cells from mice and rats activated with lipopolysaccharide immobilized on beads.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) were coupled to polystyrene beads in order to apply the lps without toxicity. the antitumor activity of the lps-immobilizing beads was studied in experiments in vitro and in vivo. in vitro studies showed that spleen cells from c3h/hen mice stimulated by beads immobilizing lps from escherichia coli produced cytolytic activity as strong as that of lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells. spleen cells from sprague-dawley rats stimulated by beads immobilizing lps from salmo ...	1992	1611621
binding of a bacterial acylpoly(1,3)galactoside to human blood leucocytes.	the binding of a 34-kda (mol. wt.) acylpoly(1,3)galactoside (apg) extracted from a membrane proteoglycan of klebsiella pneumoniae to human blood leucocytes was investigated. apg is made of a long poly(1,3)galactose chain, a core-like region and a lipid moiety which comprises two glucosamine residues bound to a phosphate group and two beta oh myristic acids. fluoresceinated apg was shown to bind preferentially to monocytes and to a lesser extent to polymorphonuclear neutrophils, as determined by ...	1992	1615280
high-performance liquid chromatographic method to resolve and determine lipopolysaccharide sub-groups of escherichia coli endotoxin in isolated perfused rat liver perfusate.	a high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for resolving heterogeneous preparations of fluorescently labelled endotoxin derived from escherichia coli (serotype 0111:b4) into separate lipopolysaccharide sub-groups. the endotoxin was chromatographed on an analytical gel permeation column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile (20%, v/v) and 100 mm phosphate buffer (ph 7.75). four fluorescent peaks were resolved, representing sub-groups of markedly different molecular sizes. three ...	1992	1618951
effect of glycerol monolaurate on bacterial growth and toxin production.	glycerol monolaurate (gml) is a naturally occurring surfactant that has potential use as an additive to tampons and wound dressings to reduce the incidence of certain bacterial toxin-mediated illnesses. in vitro studies were undertaken to evaluate the effect of gml on the growth of and toxin production by potentially pathogenic bacteria. gml inhibited the growth of clinical isolates of group a, b, f, and g streptococci at concentrations of 10 to 20 micrograms/ml. exotoxin production, including t ...	1992	1622174
generation of one set of monoclonal antibodies specific for a-pathway ganglio-series gangliosides.	we established five murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for a-pathway ganglio-series gangliosides by immunizing c3h/hen mice with these purified gangliosides adsorbed to salmonella minnesota, followed by fusion with mouse myeloma cells. the binding specificities of these mabs were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunostaining on thin-layer chromatogram. these five mabs, designated gmr6, gmb28, gmb16, gmr17, and gmr11 reacted strongly with the gangliosides gm3, gm2, ...	1992	1627599
monocyte cytokine secretion induced by chemically-defined derivatives of klebsiella pneumoniae.	the capacity of a k. pneumoniae membrane proteoglycan (kp-mpg) and four of its chemically defined derivatives to activate human monocytes was studied by measuring immunoreactive il-1 beta, il-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) in culture supernatants. monocyte culture supernatants were also tested for their comitogenic activity on concanavalin a-stimulated thymocytes and for their cytotoxic activity on the mouse fibroblastic l929 cell line. the four kp-mpg derivatives were: (i) an ac ...	1992	1628418
anti-endotoxin monoclonal antibodies protect by enhancing bacterial and endotoxin clearance.	in this study, we sought to determine the mechanism(s) by which a type-specific anti-lipopolysaccharide monoclonal antibody (an igg directed against the o-antigen polysaccharide region of salmonella minnesota lipopolysaccharide) and its f(ab')2 fragments protect during gram-negative bacterial peritonitis and endotoxemia in mice. during peritoneal infection, (1) igg significantly decreased mortality, bacteremia, and endotoxemia at all time points compared with saline solution pretreatment and (2) ...	1993	7679267
human monoclonal antibody ha-1a binds to endotoxin via an epitope in the lipid a domain of lipopolysaccharide.	ha-1a, a human igm mab, has been shown to significantly reduce mortality in septic patients with gram-negative bacteremia, especially those with septic shock, in a controlled clinical trial. to confirm the reported specificity of this antibody for the lipid a domain of endotoxin, several assay systems were developed. these assay systems included an elisa, which measured the binding of ha-1a to lipid a adsorbed to a solid phase; a rate nephelometry assay, which measured the ability of ha-1a to bi ...	1993	7683319
lipopolysaccharide binding protein and cd14 interaction induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha generation and neutrophil sequestration in lungs after intratracheal endotoxin.	it has been proposed that lipopolysaccharide (lps) bound to the 60-kd lps binding protein (lbp) forms an lps/lbp complex that, in turn, binds to the cd14 receptor on monocytes/macrophages and stimulates the release of cytokines. we examined the role of lbp and cd14 in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) production and neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocyte [pmn]) sequestration in lungs induced by intratracheal instillation of lps using rabbit lungs perfused at constant flow with lactated ri ...	1993	7685250
traces of bacterial lipopolysaccharide suppress ifn-gamma-induced nitric oxide synthase gene expression in primary mouse macrophages.	a nitric oxide synthase (inos) inducible by cytokines and microbial products contributes to the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of mouse macrophages. bacterial lps interacts synergistically with ifn-gamma to induce inos when both stimuli are added together. in contrast, we show here that pre-exposure of peritoneal macrophages to low concentrations of lps suppresses the induction of inos when ifn-gamma is added subsequently. suppression required pretreatment with lps for at least 8 h and was ...	1993	7686937
lipopolysaccharide (lps) binding to 73-kda and 38-kda surface proteins on lymphoreticular cells: preferential inhibition of lps binding to the former by rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides lipid a.	using a photoactivable, radioiodinated lipopolysaccharide probe, [125i]asd-lps (derivatized from purified e. coli 0111:b4 s-lps), we earlier reported the presence of a 73-kda (p73) predominant lps-binding protein on mouse lymphocytes and macrophages with specificity for the lipid a region of lps. both re-lps from salmonella minnesota and purified lipid a will inhibit the binding of lps to the p73 lps receptor. in the studies reported here, we have found that non-toxic diphosphoryl lipid a purifi ...	1993	7690343
[the use of monoclonal antibodies to lipid a for the correction of the hemodynamic disorders in endotoxemia].	endotoxemia induced by gram-negative bacteria leads to endotoxic shock pathogenetically stemming from the integral component of the bacterial wall--lipid a. the study made to define the ability of lipid a monoclonal antibodies to correct hemodynamic disturbances due to endotoxemia in dog experiments showed the efficacy of the antibodies administration. relps isolated from salmonella minnesota was used as an antigen. administration of the complex monoclonal antibodies-endotoxin caused no hemodyna ...	1993	8020702
inhibition of endotoxin-induced interleukin 8 release by teicoplanin in human whole blood.	antibiotic-induced endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; lps) release may precipitate septic shock. in the present study the effect of teicoplanin, which has been reported to neutralize lps in experimental models, on lps neutralization was investigated in human whole blood samples. levels of interleukin 8, a preinflammatory cytokine which was stimulated by salmonella minnesota r595 lps (12.6 micrograms/ml), were monitored over time. interleukin 8 concentrations increased over time up to 24 h. when lps ...	1993	8187790
serum-independent binding of lipopolysaccharide to human monocytes is trypsin sensitive and does not involve cd14.	the nature of the binding sites for lipopolysaccharide (lps) on human monocytes was investigated using fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-labelled lps from salmonella minnesota r595 (relps). in the absence of serum, relps bound to monocytes and this interaction was trypsin sensitive. a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml resulted in a 90% loss of lps binding, while low concentrations increased this binding. trypsin-treated monocytes recovered fitc-relps binding after 20 hr culture, which was abrogated in ...	1993	7503949
comparison of x-ray powder-diffraction data of various bacterial lipopolysaccharide structures with theoretical model conformations.	x-ray powder-diffraction experiments have been performed on dry samples of lipid a and various rough-mutant lipopolysaccharides (lps) of salmonella minnesota, salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. the diffraction patterns obtained indicated exclusively lamellar, bilayered arrangements in all samples. the periodicities were found to be in the range 4.5 nm for lipid a to 8.8 nm for ra-lps. upon treatment with water-saturated air, swelling of the lamellar structures was achieved, as indicate ...	1993	8223620
polymorphism of crystals of salmonella minnesota re and ra lipopolysaccharides.	salmonella minnesota re and ra lipopolysaccharides (lpss) formed three-dimensional crystals when they were precipitated by the addition of 2 volumes of 95% ethanol containing 375 mm mgcl2 and incubated in 70% ethanol containing 250 mm mgcl2 at 4 c. besides typical shapes of crystals, hexagonal plates and solid columns, which were already reported (j. bacteriol. 172: 1516-1528 (1990)), the lpss thus treated formed crystals possessing various shapes such as square or rectangular plate, lozenge pla ...	1993	8231969
endotoxin stimulates drinking in rats without changing dehydrational signals controlling thirst.	intravenous injections of endotoxins from escherichia coli or salmonella minnesota stimulate drinking and reduce urinary excretion of water and solutes in rats. e. coli endotoxin (0.15 or 0.45 mg/kg i.v.) stimulated drinking without increasing plasma osmolality or sodium concentration, hematocrit, blood hemoglobin, or plasma protein concentration and without decreasing arterial pressure. similarly, a dipsogenic dose of s. minnesota endotoxin (0.25 mg/kg i.v.) did not reduce arterial or venous pr ...	1993	8238605
stimulation of drinking by bacterial endotoxins in the rat.	we investigated the effects of endotoxins on water balance, rectal temperature, and food intake in male long-evans rats with femoral venous catheters. extracts of escherichia coli or salmonella minnesota, in doses ranging from 125 to 500 micrograms/kg iv, stimulated drinking and reduced urinary water loss for several hours. the net gain of 5 ml water 2 h after the lowest dose of e. coli endotoxin was sufficient to reduce plasma osmolality and sodium concentration 2 to 3%. drinking occurred durin ...	1993	8248364
structural characterization of gangliosides from resting and endotoxin-stimulated murine b lymphocytes.	b lymphocytes from cba/j mice were stimulated in splenocyte cultures for 72 h with various endotoxins. bisphosphoryl lipid a from escherichia coli had the highest stimulatory effect followed by lps of citrobacter freundii and salmonella minnesota as measured by [3h]thymidine uptake. gangliosides of stimulated b cells (metabolically labeled with d-[1-14c]galactose and d-[1-14c]glucosamine) and unlabeled gangliosides from resting b cells (prepared from spleens without stimulus) were analyzed by hi ...	1993	8251488
influence of the supramolecular structure of free lipid a on its biological activity.	the three-dimensional supramolecular structures and the states of order of the acyl chains of lipid a from different gram-negative species were investigated at 40 degrees c, high water content (80-90%), and different [lipid a]/[mg2+] molar ratios using synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. measurements were made on free lipid a from salmonella minnesota r595, mono- and bi-phosphoryl, as well as those from the non-enterobacterial strains rhodobacter ...	1993	8269946
specificity of rabbit antisera against the rough lipopolysaccharide of salmonella minnesota strain r7 (chemotype rd1p-).	rabbit polyclonal antibodies against the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of the rd1p- mutant strain r7 of salmonella minnesota were serologically characterized using r7 lps, dephosphorylated lps, deacylated lps, deacylated, dephosphorylated and reduced lps, and synthetic partial structures. the latter comprised partial structures of the core region of rd1p- lps bound to the beta 1-->6-linked glucosamine dissacharide with two amide-linked 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid residues or artificial glycoconjugate ...	1993	8275057
sugar-binding sites with specificity for glucosamine in the guinea pig middle ear mucosa.	glucosamine-binding sites were detected in lowicryl k4m-embedded guinea pig middle ear mucosa by electron microscopy, using glucosaminyl bovine serum albumin. incubation of ultrathin tissue sections with gold-labeled glucosaminyl bovine serum albumin (glcn/bsa/gold) resulted in binding mainly on cilia, microvilli, rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclei. the sugar binding was not inhibited after ultrathin sections had been digested with trypsin or neuraminidase. various carbohydrates and glycocon ...	1993	8286107
specificity of rabbit antisera against the rough lipopolysaccharide of salmonella minnesota r4 (chemotype rd2p-)	rabbit polyclonal antibodies against the rough mutant lipopolysaccharide (lps) of salmonella minnesota r4 (chemotype rd2p-) were serologically characterized by using r4 lps, deacylated lps, dephosphorylated lps, and synthetic partial structures, including compounds comprising the core region of rd2p- lps bound to the beta 1-->6-linked glucosamine disaccharide with two amide-linked 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid residues or coupled to bovine serum albumin. by using a passive hemolysis assay and an e ...	1993	8335352
the outer membranes of brucella spp. are not barriers to hydrophobic permeants.	the patterns of susceptibility to hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs and the uptake of the fluorescent probe n-phenyl-naphthylamine in brucella spp., haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli, and deep rough salmonella minnesota mutants were compared. the results show that the outer membranes of smooth and naturally rough brucella spp. do not represent barriers to hydrophobic permeants and that this absence of a barrier relates at least in part to the properties of brucella lipopolysaccharide.	1993	8349567
isolation and structural analysis of the tetrasaccharide 3-deoxy-5-o-[3-o- (3-o-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-l-glycero-alpha-d-manno-heptopyranosyl)-l-g lycero- alpha-d-manno-heptopyranosyl]-d-manno-octulosonic acid from the core region of the lipopolysaccharide of salmonella minnesota strain r5 (rough mutant chemotype rcp-).		1993	8358748
structural polymorphisms of rough mutant lipopolysaccharides rd to ra from salmonella minnesota.	the structural polymorphisms of rough mutant lipopolysaccharides (lps) rd, rc, rb, and ra from salmonella minnesota (strains r4, r7, rz, r5, r345, and r60, respectively) were investigated as a function of temperature, water content, and mg2+ concentration. the gel to liquid crystalline (beta<==>alpha) phase transition temperature (tc) and the state of order within each phase were measured by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. the amount of bound water was determined by differential scannin ...	1993	8373704
cross-binding activity and protective capacity of monoclonal antibodies to lipid a.	six hybridoma clones (1m, 4m, 9m, 11m, 18m and 31g), secreting monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against lipid a were obtained after fusion between cells of mouse myeloma line x63-ag8.653 and spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with acid treated salmonella minnesota bacteria coated with additional free lipid a. the specificity and cross-binding activity of the mabs were characterized in elisa by using synthetic lipid a analogs as well as different lipid a and lipopolysaccharides (lps) extracted f ...	1993	8406552
anti-idiotypic immunization provides protection against lethal endotoxaemia in balb/c mice.	against lipid a (the conserved moiety of lipopolysaccharides from gram-negative bacteria) neutralizing igm monoclonal antibodies (mab) 8-2 and 26-20 anti-idiotypic (ab2) mab were produced: ab2 mab km-04 (igg1) against mab 8-2, and ab2 mab pw-1 (igg2a) and pw-2 (igg1) against mab 26-20. the binding of ab2 mab km-04 to 8-2 (ab1) was strongly inhibited by a lipopolysaccharide (lps) extract from either salmonella minnesota r595 (re lps) or escherichia coli j5 (rc lps), whereas the binding of ab2 mab ...	1993	8406595
generation of a monoclonal antibody specific for ganglioside gm4: evidence for gm4 expression on astrocytes in chicken cerebellum.	we established a murine monoclonal antibody (mab) specific for ganglioside gm4 by immunizing c3h/hen mice with chemically synthesized gm4 adsorbed to salmonella minnesota, followed by fusion with mouse myeloma cells. the mab, designated as amr10, was shown to exhibit high binding specificity, reacting only with the ganglioside gm4 used for immunization and native gm4 from human brain. we determined the distribution of gm4 in adult chicken cerebellum by means of the immunofluorescence technique w ...	1993	8407875
lipopolysaccharide (lps) processing by kupffer cells releases a modified lps with increased hepatocyte binding and decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulatory capacity.	normal physiological clearance of gut-derived endotoxin lipopolysaccharide [lps] has been described previously; initially, there is uptake by kupffer cells (kc), then release of modified lps, followed by hepatocyte uptake. previous work in our laboratories indicated that lps is structurally modified with loss of carbohydrate prior to its release by kc. in this study, we functionally characterize kc modified lps. kc-modified 125i-lps was prepared from primary rat kc. escherichia coli 0127:b8 nati ...	1993	8424104
inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage tumor necrosis factor-alpha synthesis by polymyxin b sulfate.	the antibiotic polymyxin b sulfate is a cationic polypeptide with a unique cyclical configuration and distinct cationic characteristics. in this investigation, polymyxin b was evaluated to determine its ability to prevent synthesis of lactic acid and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated strain raw 264.7 macrophage-like cell populations. in this context, gradient concentrations of polymyxin b were formulated in the presence of fixed concentrations of lipopolysa ...	1993	8430940
electrospray mass spectrometry for characterization of lipid a from enterobacter agglomerans.	negative ion and positive ion electrospray mass spectrometry have been employed to characterize the lipid a mixture produced by hydrolysis of lipopolysaccharides from enterobacter agglomerans, a gram-negative bacterium commonly found in field cotton. neutral monophosphoryl lipid a molecules form stable anions via deprotonation, but adduct formation via cation attachment occurs in low yield. dephosphorylated lipid a molecules, on the other hand, readily form adducts with na+, whereas deprotonatio ...	1993	8431503
lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins of limulus amebocyte lysate.	limulus amebocyte lysate, obtained from horseshoe crab (limulus polyphemus) blood cells, contains a coagulation system which is activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). a chromatographic fraction of limulus lysate, containing the endotoxin-sensitive factor(s) which initiates the coagulation cascade, was studied. we utilized a photoreactive, cleavable, radiolabeled derivative of salmonella minnesota lps, lps-(p-azidosalicylamido)-1,3'-dithiopropionamide (lps-asd), to identify lps-binding ...	1993	8432586
domain structure, functional activity, and polymerization of trout complement protein c9.	the 3' region of trout c9 has been resequenced and found to differ from the previously published sequence (stanley and herz, embo j. 6:1951; 1987). in contrast to other sequenced c9 molecules, but in common with the other terminal complement components, trout c9 was found to contain an additional carboxy terminal thrombospondin domain. this domain does not restrict polymerization, as has been previously suggested (stanley and luzio, nature 334:475; 1988), since alternative pathway activation of ...	1993	8449252
sequential anti-core glycolipid immunoglobulin antibody activities in patients with and without septic shock and their relation to outcome.	this study follows the sequential changes in anti-lipopolysaccharide antibodies in infected patients with and without septic shock.	1993	8452409
comparison of the induction of endotoxin tolerance in endotoxemia and peritonitis by monophosphoryl lipid a and lipopolysaccharide.	we compared the induction of endotoxin tolerance with salmonella minnesota monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl), a nontoxic derivative of lipid a, and s. minnesota endotoxin (lps) in lethal endotoxemia and peritonitis. lethal endotoxemia was induced by injecting 750 micrograms/mouse lps intravenously. cecal ligation and perforation was used to induce peritonitis. tumor necrosis factor (tnf) was measured by immunoassay at 2 hr after lethal endotoxin infusion and 24 hr after peritonitis. a dose of 0.1 mic ...	1993	8453743
effects of two magainin peptides on eicosanoid release from rat peritoneal macrophages.	magainins are novel polycationic peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, including activity against gram-negative bacteria. gram-negative bacteremia can elicit endotoxic shock that is associated with the increased formation of eicosanoids. inhibition of eicosanoid synthesis has been shown to improve the outcome of experimental endotoxic shock. the aim of the present study was to test the in vitro effects of two magainin peptides, msi-97 (m1) and msi-98 (m2), on eicosanoid synthesis ...	1993	8460910
abrogation of suppression of delayed hypersensitivity induced by candida albicans-derived mannan by treatment with monophosphoryl lipid a.	monophosphoryl lipid a (mla), derived either from salmonella minnesota or salmonella typhimurium, was tested for its ability to alter candida albicans mannan (man)-specific suppression. since we showed previously that naive mice injected intravenously (i.v.) with man developed suppressor t cells capable of down-regulating delayed-type hypersensitivity when transferred to immunized recipients, mla was tested for its ability to influence suppressor activity in the donors of suppressor cells. t-lym ...	1993	8478102
research note: differential chemotaxis of physarum polycephalum to salmonella gallinarum and salmonella pullorum.	the chemotactic and chemotropic responses of the plasmodial stage of the slime mold physarum polycephalum were used to distinguish salmonella gallinarum and salmonella pullorum from 10 salmonella serovars that are commonly isolated from domestic poultry. utilizing an in vitro plasmodium agar plate assay method, p. polycephalum was attracted to s. gallinarum and s. pullorum, but the organism was repelled by salmonella derby, salmonella dublin, salmonella enteritidis, salmonella heidelberg, salmon ...	1993	8479960
diphosphoryl lipid a from rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides induces tolerance to endotoxic shock in the rat.	to examine the hemodynamic effects of diphosphoryl lipid a from rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and to examine the ability of this substance to induce tolerance to endotoxic shock.	1993	8482097
the anti-lipid a antibody ha-1a binds to rough gram-negative bacteria, fixes complement and facilitates binding to erythrocyte cr1 (cd35).	moabs to bacterial cell wall lipopolysaccharide are currently under evaluation for the treatment of gram-negative sepsis. the mode of action of these reagents remains poorly understood. in this study we examined the ability of radiolabelled ha-1a (an igm anti-lipid a moab) to bind in vitro to salmonella minnesota (re 595), escherichia coli, and streptococcus pyogenes. ha-1a was able to bind specifically to the 'rough' mutant salm. minnesota, but not to a 'smooth' e. coli, or strep. pyogenes. bin ...	1993	8485908
inhibition of lipid a- and lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine secretion, b cell mitogenesis, and lethal shock by lipid a-specific murine monoclonal antibodies.	three murine hybridomas secreting igm monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to lipid a (la) of salmonella minnesota r595 were generated. these mabs serologically cross-reacted with la and lipopolysaccharide (lps) of unrelated gram-negative bacterial species. all three mabs significantly suppressed the ability of la and lps from various gram-negative bacteria to induce tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha (36%-67%) and interleukin-1 (30%-98%) in murine peritoneal macrophages and to stimulate b lymphocytes (3 ...	1993	8486948
comparison of lipids a of several salmonella and escherichia strains by 252cf plasma desorption mass spectrometry.	plasma desorption mass spectrometry has recently been used with success to characterize underivatized lipid a preparations: the major molecular species present give signals indicating their masses, from which probable compositions could be inferred by using the overall composition determined by chemical analyses. in the present study, plasma desorption mass spectrometry was used to compare structures in lipid a preparations isolated from several smooth and rough strains of escherichia and salmon ...	1993	8491718
fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization of the lamellar and nonlamellar structures of free lipid a and re lipopolysaccharides from salmonella minnesota and escherichia coli.	the structural polymorphism of free lipid a and deep rough mutant lipopolysaccharide (lps re) from salmonella minnesota strain r595 and escherichia coli strain f515 was characterized by fourier transform infrared (ir) spectroscopy. for this, the beta <--> alpha phase states and the three-dimensional supramolecular structures, the latter deduced from small-angle synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction, were investigated at different water contents, mg2+ concentrations, and temperatures. the analy ...	1993	8494979
cd14 and cd11b mediate serum-independent binding to human monocytes of an acylpolygalactoside isolated from klebsiella pneumoniae.	a water-soluble acylpolygalactosyl (apg) of 34 kda was obtained from the klebsiella pneumoniae membrane by alkaline hydrolysis and delipidation. apg comprises a poly(1,3)galactose chain, a core, and a lipid moiety made of a glucosamine disaccharide with two n-linked beta oh-myristates. the monocyte binding sites for apg were investigated by flow cytometry. biotin-labelled apg (biot-apg) bound to monocytes at 4 degrees c in the absence of serum, calcium, and magnesium. the binding was dose depend ...	1994	7513300
preparation and structural analysis of oligosaccharide monophosphates obtained from the lipopolysaccharide of recombinant strains of salmonella minnesota and escherichia coli expressing the genus-specific epitope of chlamydia lipopolysaccharide.	the lipopolysaccharide of the recombinant strain salmonella minnesota r595-207 expressing the genus-specific epitope of chlamydia lipopolysaccharide [holst, o., brade, l., kosma, p. and brade, h. (1991) j. bacteriol, 173, 1862-1866] was sequentially de-o- and de-n-acylated by mild hydrazinolysis and treatment with 4 m koh, respectively. the resulting mixture of compounds was separated by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography and gel-permeation chromatography, yielding four oligosacchari ...	1994	7515346
endotoxin-induced uveitis in the rat is attenuated by inhibition of nitric oxide production.	these experiments were undertaken to assess the role of increased nitric oxide production in the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction associated with endotoxin-induced uveitis.	1994	7519183
endotoxin-induced early gene expression in c3h/hej (lpsd) macrophages.	c3h/hej (lpsd) macrophages have been shown to respond to certain lpss, especially from rough mutant bacteria. c3h/ouj (lpsn) macrophages are induced by wild-type lps, rough lps, or lipid a to express many genes, including tnf-alpha, tnfr-2, il-1 beta, ip-10, d3, and d8. c3h/hej macrophages failed to induce any of these genes when cultured with wild-type lps or synthetic lipid a, even when pretreated with ifn-gamma. however, rough mutant salmonella minnesota ra, rc, and rd lps, and escherichia co ...	1994	7521367
modulation of lipopolysaccharide binding to human granulocytes.	using flow cytometry and fluorescein-labelled lipopolysaccharide (lps) from salmonella minnesota r595 (fitc-relps), we studied the role of membrane proteins in the recognition of lps by human polymorphonuclear granulocytes (pmn) in the absence of serum. treatment of pmn with trypsin, pronase e or proteinase k reduced both the binding of fitc-relps to pmn at 4 degrees and the response of pmn to lps at 37 degrees, as measured by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. neuraminidase treatment enhanced ...	1994	7533136
semi-synthesis of polymyxin-b conjugated ovalbumin: evaluation of lipopolysaccharide binding avidity and neutralization of induced tnf-alpha synthesis.	a method is described in these investigations for the semi-synthetic production of polymyxin-b conjugated ovalbumin in the form of polymyxin-b.sulfo-smcc.ovalbumin (pso). the heterobifunctional "cross-linking" agent, sulfo-smcc was first reacted with polymyxin-b to produce a relatively pure reactive intermediate in the form of polymyxin-b.sulfo-smcc. highly purified ovalbumin was then combined with the polymyxin-b.sulfo-smcc reactive intermediate and contaminants removed from the final pso end p ...	1994	7547083
molecular structures that influence the immunomodulatory properties of the lipid a and inner core region oligosaccharides of bacterial lipopolysaccharides.	the relationship between chain length as well as the position of fatty acyl groups to the ability of lipid a to abolish the expression of suppressor t-cell (ts) activity was examined. fatty acyl chain lengths of c12 to c14, as in the lipid a of escherichia coli and salmonella minnesota, appear to be optimal for this bioactivity, since lipid a preparations with fatty acyl groups of relatively short chain length (c10 to c12 for pseudomonas aeruginosa and chromobacterium violaceum) or predominantly ...	1994	8188347
monoclonal antibodies directed to the synthetic carbohydrate antigen ley.	tetrasaccharide fuc alpha 1-2gal beta 1-4(fuc alpha 1-3)glcnac is known as carbohydrate determinant of cancer- and aids-associated antigen lewisy (ley). synthetic antigen to generate mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed to ley was prepared and constructed as a spacer-armed tetrasaccharide coupled with lipophilized polymer, ley-paa-pe, where paa is a 30-kd polyacrylamide and pe is phosphatidylethanolamine. an efficient immune response was provided by using ley-paa-pe adsorbed on salmonella ...	1994	7806250
diphosphoryl lipid a derived from the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of rhodobacter sphaeroides atcc 17023 is a potent competitive lps inhibitor in murine macrophage-like j774.1 cells.	pentaacyl diphosphoryl lipid a derived from the nontoxic lipopolysaccharide (lps) of rhodobacter sphaeroides atcc 17023 (rsdpla) did not induce tumour necrosis factor-alpha nor interleukin-6 release in the murine macrophage-like cell line j774.1. however, it effectively inhibited the induction of these two cytokines by lps of salmonella minnesota re mutant r595 (relps) in a concentration-dependent manner. maximal inhibition and half-maximal inhibition occurred when the relps to rsdpla mass ratio ...	1994	7812271
use of oligonucleotide probes to analyse the homology of the oprf gene among clinical and heterologous immunotype strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa.	the conservation of oprf gene among 25 clinical pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and a set of 17 serotype-specific representative strains of the international antigen typing scheme (iats) was analysed by dot-blotting using five specific oligonucleotide probes. the oligo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 correspond to five different regions of the oprf gene and hybridized strongly with respectively 88%, 88%, 76%, 94% and 71% of the iats strains and 88%, 96%, 92%, 88% and 92% of the clinical strains. a parallel study p ...	1994	7877635
establishment of monoclonal antibodies specific for ganglioside gm1: detection of ganglioside gm1 in small cell lung carcinoma cell lines and tissues.	three kinds of anti-gm1 monoclonal antibodies, agm-1, -2, and -3, of the igm class were produced by the immunization of balb/c mice with ganglioside gm1 inserted into liposomes with salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharides and fusion of the spleen cells with a mouse myeloma cell line. the specificities of the monoclonal antibodies obtained were elucidated through complement-dependent liposome immune lysis assay and enzyme immunostaining on thin-layer chromatograms. all of the monoclonal ant ...	1994	7896755
[the comparative characteristics of preparations of yersinia pestis capsular antigen f1 obtained from producer strains with different lipopolysaccharide structures].	the main protective antigen of the causative agent of plague is capsular antigen f1. the preparations of this antigen isolated from y.pestis strain ev are characterized by a high content of polysaccharide chains of endotoxins. this can be avoided by using r-variants of bacteria as producers. in this work the comparative study of the preparations of antigen f1 obtained from y.pestis strain ev, escherichia coli producer strain hb101 pfs1 with the complete structure of lps and salmonella minnesota ...	1994	7941851
acylation of the lipid a region of a klebsiella pneumoniae lps controls the alternative pathway activation of human complement.	two mechanisms of direct activation of the complement system by lps have been extensively documented: (i) activation of the alternative pathway (ap) by the polysaccharide region, and (ii) activation of the classical pathway (cp) by the lipid a region. here we demonstrate that lps from the klebsiella pneumoniae i-145 strain activates the ap by a mechanism dependent on the acylation of the lipid a region. cleavage of c3 by k. pneumoniae lps in egta was blocked by polymyxin b. two 34 kda derivative ...	1994	7969185
binding of surfactant protein a to the lipid a moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharides.	surfactant protein a (sp-a) enhances the phagocytosis of opsonized and non-opsonized bacteria by alveolar macrophages, but it is not known with which component of the bacterial surface it associates. we investigated the interaction of sp-a with lipopolysaccharides (lps), which are important biologically active constituents of the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria. flow cytometry was used to study the binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled sp-a either to lps of various chain lengt ...	1994	7980398
activation of arachidonic acid metabolism in mouse macrophages by bacterial amphiphiles.	the relative activities of lipoteichoic acid (lta) from four gram-positive bacteria were compared to different lipopolysaccharide (lps) preparations for activation of arachidonic acid metabolism in mouse peritoneal macrophages. total eicosanoid was determined in cultures labeled with [3h]-arachidonic acid. prostaglandin e2 (pge2) and leukotriene c4 (ltc4) were determined by eia analysis. the relative potencies of the different preparations were: smooth lps from salmonella abortus > or = re-lps f ...	1994	7996048
generation of monoclonal antibodies specific for ganglioside lactones: evidence of the expression of lactone on human melanoma cells.	we generated 3 murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for ganglioside lactones by immunizing c3h/hen mice with purified lactones adsorbed to salmonella minnesota followed by fusion with mouse myeloma cells. the use of a wide variety of glycolipids, including ganglioside lactones, enabled the precise structures recognized by these mabs to be elucidated through an elisa and by immunostaining on thin-layer chromatography. mab amr38, which was generated with gm1 lactone, showed restricted spec ...	1994	8026889
detailed structural characterization of lipid a: electrospray ionization coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.	previous studies have defined specific functional relationships within monophosphoryl lipid a (mla) preparations. to extend this understanding to all contributing entities, mla samples have been structurally characterized using electrospray ionization, collision-induced dissociation (cid), and tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms). mla profiles of salmonella minnesota re595 have been compared with shigella flexneri for sample type and component distribution. in excess of 20 individual structures comp ...	1994	8053569
4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose in lps of enterobacterial r-mutants and its possible role for their polymyxin reactivity.	the content of 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinopyranose (l-arap4n) and the phosphate substitution pattern of the lps of various strains from salmonella minnesota, yersinia enterocolitica and proteus mirabilis was determined by gc/ms, hplc and 31p-nmr. these data allowed us to examine the possible role of these components for the polymyxin b-binding capacity of lps and for the minimal inhibiting concentration (mic) and the minimal bactericidal concentration (mbc) of polymyxins b and e towards the respec ...	1994	8061656
an anti-idiotype antibody which mimics the inner-core region of lipopolysaccharide protects mice against a lethal challenge with endotoxin.	recently, we described the generation and characterization of an armenian hamster ab2 beta anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody (mab4g2) specific for the binding site of a mouse monoclonal antibody, maby1-4a6, directed against the conserved 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonate (kdo)-containing inner-core region of lipopolysaccharide (lps) (s. k. field, m. pollack, and d. c. morrison, microb. pathog. 15:103-120, 1993). in that study, mice and hamster immunized with mab4g2 generated serum immunoglobulin g and ...	1994	8063418
murine monoclonal antibody elicited with antibiotic-exposed escherichia coli exerts protective capacity in experimental bacterial infections.	escherichia coli pre-exposed to a sub-minimal inhibitory concentration (sub-mic) of several antibiotics elicits an enhanced humoral response which is protective against challenges with untreated homologous and heterologous bacteria. to characterise the specificity of this response we produced murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to aztreonam-treated e. coli o6:k-. this resulted in the identification of mab mt 1f, of isotype igg1, that recognised a 12-kda protein component of the untreated bacteri ...	1994	8064837
correlation between the capacity to activate macrophages in vitro and the antitumor activity in vivo of lipopolysaccharides from different bacterial species.	the correlation between the activation of macrophages by lipopolysaccharides (lps) from four different bacterial species and their antitumor effect in a rat model of colon cancer was investigated. the efficacy of lps from neisseria meningitidis (nm), salmonella minnesota (sm), escherichia coli (ec) and bordetella pertussis (bp) was evaluated as the smallest concentration inducing rat peritoneal macrophages (pm psi) to produce tumor necrosis factor (tnf), interleukin-1 (il-1), il-6 and nitric oxi ...	1994	8088853