Publications

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effect of granular porous media on the composting of swine manure.this study investigated the feasibility of a bulking agent of granular porous media (gpm) for the composting of swine manure. two lab-scale composting reactors were operated to evaluate the general performances and maturity parameters using gpm made of wastes from the portland cement manufacturing processes as an alternative bulking agent. the overall volatile solid (vs) removal was 38.5% (dry basis). during the experiments, moisture content ranged between 41% and 53%, ensuring feasibility of mi ...200818162391
optimization and validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of endosulfan residues in food samples.in this study, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was optimized and applied to the determination of endosulfan residues in 20 different kinds of food commodities including vegetables, dry fruits, tea and meat. the limit of detection (ic(15)) was 0.8 microg kg(-1) and the sensitivity (ic(50)) was 5.3 microg kg(-1). three simple extraction methods were developed, including shaking on the rotary shaker at 250 r min(-1) overnight, shaking on the rotary shaker for 1 h and thoroughly mixing ...200818246504
growth inhibitory effects of kimchi (korean traditional fermented vegetable product) against bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus.kimchi is a unique korean traditional vegetable product that is fermented by lactic acid bacteria (lab) and is mainly consumed as a side dish with boiled rice. its main ingredients are brined chinese cabbage, red pepper powder, and fermented fish sauce, and these are combined with many spices such as garlic, green onion, ginger, and some seaweed. the relationship between the concentration of lab or the ph and the growth of three gram-positive foodborne pathogens (bacillus cereus, listeria monocy ...200818326182
denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of bacterial community profiles in the rhizosphere of cry1ac-carrying brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis.the effect of genetically modified (gm) brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (chinese cabbage) expressing bt toxin gene (cry1ac) to the rhizosphere bacterial community was examined using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) fingerprinting method. from the visual comparison of the dgge profiles, there were no significant differences between the profiles of bt and control rhizosphere in both suwon and yesan samples. from the sequence analysis of the individual bands, sphingomonas sp. of a ...200818337686
metabolic engineering of indole glucosinolates in chinese cabbage plants by expression of arabidopsis cyp79b2, cyp79b3, and cyp83b1.indole glucosinolates (ig) play important roles in plant defense, plant-insect interactions, and stress responses in plants. in an attempt to metabolically engineer the ig pathway flux in chinese cabbage, three important arabidopsis cdnas, cyp79b2, cyp79b3, and cyp83b1, were introduced into chinese cabbage by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. overexpression of cyp79b3 or cyp83b1 did not affect ig accumulation levels, and overexpression of cyp79b2 or cyp79b3 prevented the transformed callus ...200818414013
synthesis of three haptens for the class-specific immunoassay of o,o-dimethyl organophosphorus pesticides and effect of hapten heterology on immunoassay sensitivity.a general and broad class-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the o,o-dimethyl organophosphorus pesticides, including malathion, dimethoate, phenthoate, phosmet, methidathion, fenitrothion, methyl parathion and fenthion. three haptens with different spacer-arms were synthesized. the haptens were conjugated to bovine serum albumin (bsa) for immunogens and to ovalbumin (ova) for coating antigens. rabbits were immunized with the immunogens and six polyclonal antisera were p ...200818442523
[isolation and identification of specific sequences correlated to cytoplasmic male sterility and fertile maintenance in cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis)].analysis of issr (inter-simple sequence repeat) and ddrt-pcr (differential display reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) was performed between cytoplasmic male sterility cauliflower ogura-a and its corresponding maintainer line ogura-b. totally, 306 detectable bands were obtained by issr using thirty oligonucleotide primers. commonly, six to twelve bands were produced per primer. among all these primers only the amplification of primer issr3 was polymorphic, an 1100 bp specific band w ...200818464586
isolation and identification of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from chinese cabbage and their effect on growth and phosphorus utilization of plants.phosphate solubilizing bacteria (psb) were isolated from the rhizosphere of chinese cabbage and screened on the basis of their solubilization of inorganic tricalcium phosphate in liquid cultures. ten strains that had higher solubilization potential were selected, and they also produced indole-3-acetic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase, and siderophores. the strains were identified to be members of pseudomonas, by 16s rdna sequence analysis. seed bacterization with psb strai ...200818467875
an intensive understanding of vacuum infiltration transformation of pakchoi (brassica rapa ssp. chinensis).pakchoi (brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis), a kind of chinese cabbage, is an important vegetable in asian countries. agrobacterium mediated in planta vacuum infiltration transformation has been performed in pakchoi since 1998, but a detailed study on this technique was lacking. pakchoi plants 40-50 days old with inflorescences were vacuum infiltrated with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain c58c1 harboring the binary vector pbbbast-gus-intron. the transformation frequency in the harvested seeds main ...200818542966
analysis of yeast and archaeal population dynamics in kimchi using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.kimchi is a traditional korean food that is fermented from vegetables such as chinese cabbage and radish. many bacteria are involved in kimchi fermentation and lactic acid bacteria are known to perform significant roles. although kimchi fermentation presents a range of environmental conditions that could support many different archaea and yeasts, their molecular diversity within this process has not been studied. here, we use pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) targeting the 16s a ...200818562030
metabolic engineering of aliphatic glucosinolates in chinese cabbage plants expressing arabidopsis mam1, cyp79f1, and cyp83a1.three arabidopsis cdnas, mam1, cyp79f1, and cyp83a1, required for aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis were introduced into chinese cabbage by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. the transgenic lines overexpressing mam1 or cyp83a1 showed wild-type phenotypes. however, all the lines overexpressing cyp79f1 displayed phenotypes different from wild type with respect to the stem thickness as well as leaf width and shape. glucosinolate contents of the transgenic plants were compared wit ...200818593532
mapping of isolate-specific qtls for clubroot resistance in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis).a number of clubroot resistant (cr) chinese cabbage cultivars have been developed in japan using resistant genes from cr european fodder turnips (b. rapa ssp. rapifera). clubroot resistance in european fodder turnips are known to be controlled by the combined action of several dominant resistance genes. we have developed three chinese cabbage clubroot-resistant doubled haploid (dh) lines--t136-8, k10, and c9--which express resistance in different manners against two isolates of plasmodiophora br ...200818612625
identification and preliminary analysis of a new pcp promoter from brassica rapa ssp. chinensis.the promoter of brassica campestris male fertile 5 (bcmf5), a pollen coat protein member, class a (pcp-a) gene family, was isolated from brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis makino (chinese cabbage-pak-choi) by thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction (tail-pcr). sequence analysis suggested that the 605-bp promoter of bcmf5 appears to be a pollen promoter. in an attempt to confirm the promoter activity of bcmf5 promoter, -609 to +3 bp and -377 to +3 bp fragments of the upstream sequenc ...200817851779
analysis of eight organophosphorus pesticide residues in fresh vegetables retailed in agricultural product markets of nanjing, china.a method to effectively remove pigments in fresh vegetables using activated carbon followed cleanup through solid phase extraction (spe) cartridge to further reduce matrix interference and contamination, was established to determine eight organophosphorous pesticides (opps) by gas chromatography (gc) with nitrogen-phosphorus detection (npd) in this study, and it has been successfully applied for the determination of eight opps in various fresh vegetables with the recoveries ranging from 61.8% to ...200818651087
synthesis and biological activities of 4-trifluoromethylindole-3-acetic acid: a new fluorinated indole auxin.in our studies on the development of new promoters for the root formation of tree cuttings, 4-trifluoromethylindole-3-acetic acid (4-cf(3)-iaa), a new fluorinated auxin, was synthesized via 4-trifluoromethylindole and 4-trifluoromethylindole-3-acetonitrile by using 2-methyl-3-nitrobenzotrifluoride as the starting material. as a control compound for comparing biological activities, 4-methylindole-3-acetic acid (4-ch(3)-iaa) was also synthesized by using 2,3-dimethylnitrobenzene as the starting ma ...200818685200
alternative transcription initiation of the nitrilase gene (brnit2) caused by infection with plasmodiophora brassicae woron. in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.).in clubroot disease, gall formation is induced by infection with the obligate biotroph plasmodiophora brassicae, and cell hypertrophy is dependent on increased auxin levels. the enzyme nitrilase is suggested to play an important role in auxin biosynthesis in plants. here, we investigated the expression of nitrilase genes in clubroot disease in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.). we isolated four isogenes of nitrilase (brnit1, brnit2, brnit3, and brnit4) from chinese cabbage. when a brnit2-specif ...200818726557
two new species of ulocladium from southwest china.ulocladium subcucurbitae and u. brassicae are described and illustrated. these species were isolated from diseased leaves of chenopodium glaucum and brassica pekinensis from guizhou and yunnan provinces of china respectively.200818751552
effects of bt transgenic chinese cabbage on the herbivore mamestra brassicae (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and its parasitoid microplitis mediator (hymenoptera: braconidae).we investigated the effects of a diamondback moth-resistant chinese cabbage (brassica campestris subsp napus variety pekinensis makino), expressing the insecticidal protein cryla(c) toxin derived from bacillus thuringiensis, on the nontarget herbivore mamestra brassicae (l.) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and its parasitoid wasp microplitis mediator (haliday) (hymenoptera: braconidae). a decreased survival rate at neonate stage was observed in m. brassicae when reared on bt cabbage, although overall d ...200818767720
[chemical forms and ecological effect of soil mn in liver cancer's high incidence area in zhu-jiang river delta, china].the samples of surface soil, deep soil, and vegetables were collected from the liver cancer's high- and low incidence areas in zhujiang river delta to study the relationships between soil mn forms and vegetables' mn enrichment. the results showed that the soil mn in study area was mainly derived from parent materials, and rarely come from human activities. the average soil mn content in liver cancer's high incidence area was 577.65 mg x kg(-1), being significantly lower than that of liver cancer ...200818808033
role of 5'-utr hairpins of the turnip yellow mosaic virus rna in replication and systemic movement.turnip yellow mosaic virus (tymv) rna has two hairpins in its 5' untranslated region (5'-utr). to investigate the role of the hairpins in replication of tymv, mutants lacking one or both of the two hairpins were constructed. the tymv constructs were introduced into chinese cabbage by an agrobacterium-mediated t-dna transfer method, called agroinfiltration. analysis of total rna from agroinfiltrated leaves showed that replication of the mutant tymv rna lacking both hairpins was about 1/100 of wil ...200819017489
chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.) does not improve glucose tolerance, serum insulin, or blood lipid profiles in a rat model of type-2 diabetes.the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of a low (0.5%) and a high (2.0%) dietary dose of freeze-dried chinese cabbage (cc) (brassica campestris l.) powder in a type-2 diabetes (t2d) model of rats. five-week-old male sprague-dawley rats were fed a high fat (hf)-containing diet for 2 wk then randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 animals, namely: normal control (nc), diabetic control (dbc), chinese cabbage low (ccl, 0.5%), and chinese cabbage high (cch, 2.0%) groups. diabetes was ...200819021803
isolation and characterization of endophytic actinomycetes from chinese cabbage roots as antagonists to plasmodiophora brassicae.this study was conducted to select endophytic actinomycetes as biocontrol agents against chinese cabbage clubroot caused by plasmodiophora brassicae. a total of 81 endophytic actinomycetes were isolated from surface-sterilized roots of chinese cabbage that was grown on paddy field and upland soils collected from various locations in korea. by using 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) gene sequencing, they were classified to 8 actinobacterial genera. the genus microbispora (67%) was most frequently isolated ...200819047815
the polygalacturonase gene bcmf2 from brassica campestris is associated with intine development.brassica campestris male fertility 2 (bcmf2) is a putative polygalacturonase (pg) gene previously isolated from the flower bud of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino, syn. b. rapa ssp. chinensis). this gene was found to be expressed specifically in tapetum and pollen after the tetrad stage of anther development. antisense rna technology was used to study the function of bcmf2 in chinese cabbage. scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that there were defo ...200819039102
bcmf9, a novel polygalacturonase gene, is required for both brassica campestris intine and exine formation.the polygalacturonase (pg) gene family has been found to be enriched in pollen of several species; however, little is currently known about the function of the pg gene in pollen development. to investigate the exact role that the pg gene has played in pollen development and about this family in general, one putative pg gene, brassica campestris male fertility 9 (bcmf9), was isolated from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis, syn. b. rapa ssp. chinensis) and characterized.200919815569
jasmonate-dependent plant defense restricts thrips performance and preference.the western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis [pergande]) is one of the most important insect herbivores of cultivated plants. however, no pesticide provides complete control of this species, and insecticide resistance has emerged around the world. we previously reported the important role of jasmonate (ja) in the plant's immediate response to thrips feeding by using an arabidopsis leaf disc system. in this study, as the first step toward practical use of ja in thrips control, we analyze ...200919635132
the 5'-utr of turnip yellow mosaic virus does not include a critical encapsidation signal.turnip yellow mosaic virus (tymv) rna has two hairpins in the 5' untranslated region (utr) with internal cc and ca mismatches that become protonated and are able to base pair at a ph near 5. the protonatable hairpins have previously been implicated as playing an important role in rna encapsidation. we have examined the role of the 5'-utr in the amplification and packaging of tymv rna using agroinfiltration of chinese cabbage leaves to express various tymv constructs with mutations affecting the ...200919282015
[estimation of the daily intake of nitrate based on analysis of total diet samples].the concentrations of nitrates in total diet samples prepared at 11 places were determined according to the market basket method, and the daily intake of nitrates was estimated based on the analysis results. the mean estimated daily intake of nitrates was 200 mg/man/day (4.0 mg/kg/day) and exceeded the adi (3.7 mg/kg/day) set by the jecfa by 8%. the principal sources of the nitrates were colored vegetables (7th food group) and other vegetables, seaweeds and mushrooms (8th food group), and the in ...200919325223
characterization of four plasmids harboured in a lactobacillus brevis strain encoding a novel bacteriocin, brevicin 925a, and construction of a shuttle vector for lactic acid bacteria and escherichia coli.in this study we isolated over 250 lactic acid bacteria (lab) candidates from fruit, flowers, vegetables and a fermented food to generate an lab library. one strain, designated 925a, isolated from kimchi (a traditional korean fermented dish made from chinese cabbage) produced a novel type of bacteriocin, brevicin 925a, which is effective against certain lab, including strains of lactobacillus, enterococcus, streptococcus, bacillus and listeria. strain 925a, identified as lactobacillus brevis, ha ...200919372160
characterization of plant-growth promoting diazotrophic bacteria isolated from field grown chinese cabbage under different fertilization conditions.diazotrophic bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of chinese cabbage were assessed for other plant growth promoting characteristics viz., production of iaa, ethylene, acc deaminase, phosphate solubilization, and gnotobiotic root elongation. their effect on inoculation to chinese cabbage was also observed under growth chamber conditions. a total of 19 strains that showed higher nitrogenase activity identified by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis were found to be the members of the genera pseudomo ...200919412597
the lcb2 subunit of the sphingolip biosynthesis enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase can function as an attenuator of the hypersensitive response and bax-induced cell death.previous results showed that expression of the gene encoding the long-chain base2 (lcb(2)) subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase (spt), designated bclcb(2), from nonheading chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis) was up-regulated during hypersensitive cell death (hcd) induced by the phytophthora boehmeriae elicitor pb90. overexpression of bclcb(2) in nicotiana tabacum leaves suppressed the hcd normally initiated by elicitors and pb90-triggered h(2)o(2) accumulation. bclcb(2) also f ...200919076721
impact of cry1ac-carrying brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis on leaf bacterial community.the effects of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) carrying cry1ac derived from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) on leaf bacterial community were examined by analyzing the horizontal transfer of trans-gene fragments from plants to bacteria. the effect of plant pathogenic bacteria on the gene transfer was also examined using pseudomonas syringae pathovar. maculicola. the frequency of hygromycin-resistant bacteria did not alter in bt leaves, though slight increase was observed in pseudomo ...200919229489
gibberellin production and phosphate solubilization by newly isolated strain of acinetobacter calcoaceticus and its effect on plant growth.plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria with gibberellins (ga)-producing potential were isolated from soil and screened for plant growth promotion. a new strain, acinetobacter calcoaceticus se370, produced extracellular ga and also had phosphate solubilising potential. it produced 10 different gibberellins, including the bioactive ga(1), ga(3) and ga(4) which were at, respectively, 0.45, 6.2 and 2.8 ng/100 ml. the isolate solubilised tricalcium phosphate and lowered ph of the medium during the proc ...200918931973
antidiabetic effect of korean traditional baechu (chinese cabbage) kimchi in a type 2 diabetes model of rats.the present study was conducted to examine the antidiabetic effects of two dietary dosages (0.5% and 2.0%) of freeze-dried korean traditional baechu (chinese cabbage) kimchi in a high-fat (hf) diet-fed, streptozotocin (stz)-induced type 2 diabetes (t2d) rat model. five-week-old male sprague-dawley rats were fed hf diet for 2 weeks and then randomly divided into four groups of eight animals: normal control (nc), diabetic control (dbc), kimchi low (kml) (0.5%), and kimchi high (kmh) (2.0%) groups. ...200919459728
[degradation of dichlorvos by rhodobacter sphaeroides].rhodobacter sphaeroides possesses an extensive range of energy acquiring mechanisms including photosynthesis, lithotrophy, aerobic and anaerobic respiration. it can produce 5-aminolevulinic acid, coq10, carotenoids, hydrogen, etc. by fermentation. a rhodobacter sphaeroides strain was isolated, designated as ebl0706, from soil. the degradation of dichlorvos (ddvp) by the rhodobacter sphaeroides was investigated. 98% of ddvp could be degraded in water solution in 12 h when 5 x 10(8) cfu/ml rhodoba ...200919545029
auxin amidohydrolases from brassica rapa cleave the alanine conjugate of indolepropionic acid as a preferable substrate: a biochemical and modeling approach.two auxin amidohydrolases, briar3 and brill2, from chinese cabbage [brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis (lour.) hanelt] were produced by heterologous expression in escherichia coli, purified, and screened for activity towards n-(indol-3-ylacetyl)-l-alanine (iaa-ala) and the long-chain auxin-amino acid conjugates, n-[3-(indol-3-yl)propionyl]-l-alanine (ipa-ala) and n-[4-(indol-3-yl)butyryl]-l-alanine (iba-ala). ipa-ala was shown to be the favored substrate of both enzymes, but brill2 was approximate ...200919602499
paracin 1.7, a bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus paracasei hd1.7 isolated from chinese cabbage sauerkraut, a traditional chinese fermented vegetable food.to purify and characterize bacteriocin produced by l. paracasei hd1.7.200919637568
enhancement of tolerance to soft rot disease in the transgenic chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis) inbred line, kenshin.we developed a transgenic chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis) inbred line, kenshin, with high tolerance to soft rot disease. tolerance was conferred by expression of n-acyl-homoserine lactonase (ahl-lactonase) in chinese cabbage through an efficient agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. to synthesize and express the ahl-lactonase in chinese cabbage, the plant was transformed with the aii gene (ahl-lactonase gene from bacillus sp. gh02) fused to the pinii signal peptide (pr ...200919680657
expression of a glutathione reductase from brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis enhanced cellular redox homeostasis by modulating antioxidant proteins in escherichia coli.glutathione reductase (gr) is an enzyme that recycles a key cellular antioxidant molecule glutathione (gsh) from its oxidized form (gssg) thus maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. a recombinant plasmid to overexpress a gr of brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (brgr) in e. coli bl21 (de3) was constructed using an expression vector pkm260. expression of the introduced gene was confirmed by semiquantitative rt-pcr, immunoblotting and enzyme assays. purification of the brgr protein was performed by ...200919936628
chinese cabbage clubroot pathogen, plasmodiophora brassicae, is genetically stable.single spore isolates of plasmodiophora brassicae e4 and e9 obtained from diseased chinese cabbage were identified as race 4 and race 9, respectively, by the williams' differential variety set. to confirm the possibility of variation in same generation and progeny of a single spore isolate of p. brassicae, random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was conducted using the urp 3, 6 and opa 7 primers. there was no difference in band type at each part of the gall of chinese cabbage obtained b ...200923983538
a naturally occurring splicing site mutation in the brassica rapa flc1 gene is associated with variation in flowering time.flowering locus c (flc), encoding a mads-domain transcription factor in arabidopsis, is a repressor of flowering involved in the vernalization pathway. this provides a good reference for brassica species. genomes of brassica species contain several flc homologues and several of these colocalize with flowering-time qtl. here the analysis of sequence variation of brflc1 in brassica rapa and its association with the flowering-time phenotype is reported. the analysis revealed that a g-->a polymorphi ...200919190098
determination of n+1 gamete transmission rate of trisomics and location of gene controlling 2n gamete formation in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa).a set of trisomics of chinese cabbage was used for determining the n+1 gamete transmission rate and locating the gene controlling 2n gamete formation on the corresponding chromosome. the results showed that the transmission rates of extra chromosomes in different trisomics varied from 0% to 15.38% by male gametes and from 0% to 17.39% by female gametes. of the nine f(2) populations derived from the hybridizations between each trisomic and bp058 (2n gamete material), only tri-4xbp058 showed that ...200919166491
map-based cloning and characterization of a gene controlling hairiness and seed coat color traits in brassica rapa.a glabrous, yellow-seeded doubled haploid (dh) line and a hairy, black-seeded dh line in chinese cabbage (b. rapa) were used as parents to develop a dh line population that segregated for both hairiness and seed coat color traits. the data showed that both traits completely co-segregated each other, suggesting that one mendelian locus controlled both hairiness and seed coat color in this population. a fine genetic map was constructed and a snp marker that was located inside a brassica ortholog o ...200919039665
growth inhibition in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa var. chinensis) growth exposed to di-n-butyl phthalate.the toxicity and effects of di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp), an endocrine disruptor, on the growth of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa var. chinensis) were studied. etiolation occurred on leaves of chinese cabbage plant treated with 50mg/l of dbp for 42 d. dbp even below 1mg/l had a significant effect on the concentration of chlorophyll in chinese cabbage and the biomass showed a severe decrease under treatment with more than 30 mg/l of dbp. at a concentration below 1mg/l of dbp, no significant differe ...200918678443
[cdna-aflp analysis on transcripts associated with bolting in brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis].premature bolting, caused by low temperature in spring and summer cultivation in low land and high land respectively, leads to reduction of the yield and quality of the harvested products in chinese cabbage. therefore, exploring genes involved in vernalization response is important to the improvement of chinese cabbage varieties. here, one extremely early bolting line (dh-54) and one extremely late bolting line (dh-43) were employed, and the cdna-aflp approach was used to identify key components ...200919586882
ssr and scar mapping of a multiple-allele male-sterile gene in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.).the genic multiple-allele inherited male-sterile gene ms in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.) was identified as a spontaneous mutation. applying this gene to hybrid seed production, several b. rapa cultivars have been successfully bred in china. a bc(1) population (244 plants) was constructed for mapping the ms gene. screening 268 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers which cover the entire genome of chinese cabbage was performed with bulked segregant analysis (bsa). on the basis of linkage anal ...200919436990
the construction of a genetic linkage map of non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis makino).non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis makino) is one of the most important vegetables in eastern china. a genetic linkage map was constructed using 127 doubled haploid (dh) lines, and the dh population was derived from a commercial hybrid "hanxiao" (lines sw-13 x l-118). out of the 614 polymorphic markers, 43.49% were not assigned to any of the linkage groups(lgs). chi-square tests showed that 42.67% markers were distorted from expected mendelian segregation ratios, and ...200919683673
molecular cloning and characterization of a novel pollen predominantly membrane protein gene bcmf12 from brassica campestris ssp. chinensis.a novel membrane protein gene, bcmf12, was isolated from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino) using rapid amplification of the cdna ends based on a pollen-specific cdna fragment (dn237936). the cdna was 1,155 bp in length with an open reading frame of 894 bp capable of encoding a putative polypeptide of 297 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 34.6 kda and a predicted isoelectric point of 9.6. comparative and bioinformatics analyses revealed that bcmf12 showe ...200919169847
the influence of cadmium on life-history parameters and gut microflora of archegozetes longisetosus (acari: oribatida) under laboratory conditions.we tested the effect of cadmium (25, 130 microg cd g(-1)), administered via chinese cabbage (brassica chinensis l.) as food on life-history parameters and gut microflora of tritonymphs and adults of the oribatid mite, archegozetes longisetosus aoki. both concentrations of cd had an adverse effect on offspring mortality, and the higher concentration also reduced female fecundity, as well as the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, and it changed the community structure of bacteria; the pr ...200918979170
morphological and functional characterization of bcmf13 in the antisense-silenced plants of brassica campestris ssp. chinensis var. parachinensis.the gene brassica campestris male fertility 13 (bcmf13, genbank accession number ef158459) was isolated as a reproductive organ-specific gene from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino, syn. b. rapa ssp. chinensis). it is exclusively expressed in stage four and five flower buds of fertile lines and is most strongly expressed in stamens. here, we report a functional characterization of this bcmf13 gene in the antisense-silenced plants. the inflorescence of the bcmf13 mutan ...200918592396
joint effects of cadmium and lead on seedlings of four chinese cabbage cultivars in northeastern china.in northeastern china, large area of vegetable land has been simultaneously polluted by cadmium (cd) and lead (pb). joint effects of cd and pb on chinese cabbage (brassica pekinensis l.) were investigated using the seed germination and sand culture method. four chinese cabbage cultivars including kangbingjinchun (kb), dongyangchunxia (dy), qinglvwang (ql) and qiangshi (qs) from shenyang in northeastern china were adopted in this study. the results showed that there were positive linear relations ...200920108696
eco-toxic effects of sulfadiazine sodium, sulfamonomethoxine sodium and enrofloxacin on wheat, chinese cabbage and tomato.investigation of the toxic effects of three veterinary drugs [sulfadiazine sodium (sds), sulfamonomethoxine sodium (smms), and enrofloxacin (eflx)] on seed germination, root elongation and shoot elongation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.) and tomato (cyphomandra betacea) was carried out. significant linear relationships between the root and shoot elongation and the concentration of veterinary drugs addition were observed. the effects of the three veterina ...200919554446
biogeochemical transfer and dynamics of iodine in a soil-plant system.radioactive iodide (125i) is used as a tracer to investigate the fate and transport of iodine in soil under various leaching conditions as well as the dynamic transfer in a soil-plant (chinese cabbage) system. results show that both soils (the paddy soil and the sandy soil) exhibit strong retention capability, with the paddy soil being slightly stronger. most iodine is retained by soils, especially in the top 10 cm, and the highest concentration occurs at the top most section of the soil columns ...200918563587
single and joint toxicity of cypermethrin and copper on chinese cabbage (pakchoi) seeds.the single and joint effects of cu(2+) and cypermethrin (cpm) on the seed germination and the elongation of root and shoot of pakchoi were investigated. the results showed that in solution low concentrations of cu(2+) could accelerate the germination rate of pakchoi, whereas high concentrations of cu(2+) could inhibit it. cpm could strongly inhibit the germination of pakchoi in solution. however, in the joint toxicity effect, cpm reduced the phytotoxicity of cu(2+) on the germination of pakchoi ...200918692956
[effects of different fertilization modes on vegetable growth, fertilizer nitrogen utilization, and nitrogen loss from vegetable field].a field experiment with chinese cabbage, water spinach, and three-colored amaranth cropped three times in one year was conducted to study the effects of seven fertilization modes, i.e., none fertilization, basal application of chemical fertilizers, 1/2 basal application and 1/2 top-dressing of chemical fertilizers, basal application of chemical fertilizers and dicyandiamide, 1/2 basal application and 1/2 top-dressing of chemical fertilizers and dicyandiamide, 1/2 basal application and 1/2 top-dr ...200919637603
uptake by roots and translocation to shoots of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in typical crop plants.root uptake and subsequent translocation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (pcdd/fs) in 12 agricultural crops were comparatively investigated. all crop plants were exposed hydroponically to a mixture of three kinds of dioxin congeners over 4d. the root concentration factor (rcf) of dioxin showed a logarithmic correlation with extractable lipid content in plant root. on the assumption that the dioxin escaping via gas phase from nutrient solution in the closed container can ev ...200919541345
identification of chinese cabbage genotypes with low cadmium accumulation for food safety.the pot-culture experiment and field studies were conducted to screen out and identify cadmium (cd) excluders from 40 chinese cabbage genotypes for food safety. the results of the pot-culture experiment indicated that the shoot cd concentrations under three treatments (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg cd kg(-1) soil) varied significantly (p<0.05), with average values of 0.70, 3.07 and 5.83 mg kg(-1), respectively. the cd concentrations in 12 cabbage genotypes were lower than 0.50 mg kg(-1). the enrichment fa ...200919188009
root uptake of radionuclides following their acute soil depositions during the growth of selected food crops.greenhouse experiments were performed to investigate the root uptake of radionuclides following their acute soil deposition during the growth of several food crops. for this purpose, the soil under the standing plants was contaminated without any direct contamination of their stems or leaves. the intention of this design was to differentiate foilar uptake and root uptake subsequent to a radionuclide deposition during the vegetation period. soil-to-plant transfer of a radionuclide was quantified ...200919188006
analysis of heavy metals during composting of the tannery sludge using physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques.the major limitation of direct application of tannery sludge compost in agriculture is the total heavy metal contents and their bioavailability to the soil-plant system. this study focused on the heavy metal characterization and the influence of changing the physicochemical properties of the medium throughout the composting on the concentrations, bioavailability or chemical forms of cr, cu, zn, pb and cd in tannery sludge. the study shows that throughout the 60 days of composting, physicochemica ...200918990495
[study of the possibility of utilizing the transpired mositure condensate from sweet potato for growing plants in biological life support systems].the effect of nonpurified condensate obtained during prolonged cultivation of batata in a sealed chamber upon batata cuttings and seedlings of garden cress, radish and chinese cabbage was studied. it was shown that nonpurified condensate produced an inhibitory effect on the formation of roots in batata cuttings and on the growth of previously developed roots of batata cuttings and seedlings. the studies which used a chemical model of 3,4-dihydroxy phenylalanine indicated that the condensate cont ...200913246
variations in cadmium accumulation among chinese cabbage cultivars and screening for cd-safe cultivars.variations in cadmium accumulation and translocation among 40 chinese cabbage cultivars were studied to identify and screen out cd-safe cultivars (cscs), i.e. cultivars with low enough accumulation of cd in their edible parts even when grown in contaminated soils. it was observed in the pot-culture experiment that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in shoot cd concentrations under three cd treatments (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0mg/kg), with corresponding average values 0.88, 4.45 and 7.76 mg/kg, r ...201019775811
vegetable and fruit intake and its relevance with serum osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline in korean adults.the purpose of this study was to evaluate the daily vegetable and fruit intake status of korean adults and to examine the relationship of vegetable and fruit intake with bone metabolism. the vegetable and fruit intake of 542 healthy male and female adults was analyzed. then, by selecting 51 targets from the subjects, the relation of vegetable and fruit intake with serum calcium, osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline (dpd) excretion in urine was examined. the total vegetable intake per day was 397.7 ...201021103089
cryptosporidium oocysts and giardia cysts on salad products irrigated with contaminated water.a field study in valencia, spain, was done to determine the occurrence of giardia and cryptosporidium on salad products that are frequently eaten raw, such as lettuces and chinese cabbage, and in irrigation waters. four water samples were taken weekly 1 month before harvesting the vegetables. all water samples were analyzed using techniques included in the u.s. environmental protection agency method 1623. standard methods for detecting protozoan parasites on salad vegetables are not available. p ...201020537274
piriformospora indica confers drought tolerance in chinese cabbage leaves by stimulating antioxidant enzymes, the expression of drought-related genes and the plastid-localized cas protein.piriformospora indica, a root-colonizing endophytic fungus of sebacinales, promotes plant growth and confers resistance against biotic and abiotic stress. the fungus strongly colonizes the roots of chinese cabbage, promotes root and shoot growth, and promotes lateral root formation. when colonized plants were exposed to polyethylene glycol to mimic drought stress, the activities of peroxidases, catalases and superoxide dismutases in the leaves were upregulated within 24h. the fungus retarded the ...201020471134
[effect of the melamine residue in soil on growth of chinese cabbage].soil and foliar application of melamine (me) treatments to 'zaoshu 5' chinese cabbage were investigated. the me was degraded very slowly in soil treated with different dosages (40,160 and 800 mg x kg(-1)), and 90 days later the residuals of me were 21.1%, 15.8% and 43.6% respectively. the chinese cabbage could take in exogenously applied me through its root and stem leaf and accumulate it to considerable levels with the increasing applied density. in soil application test, the maximum and minimu ...201020358844
dissipation and evaluation of hexaflumuron residues in chinese cabbage grown in open fields.the dissipation and residue behavior of hexaflumuron in chinese cabbage ( brassica pekinensis ) under different treatments were investigated at two main cabbage-growing areas in china. the dissipation rates of hexaflumuron in cabbages and soils fit a first-order decay process very well. the dissipation times for 50% of the hexaflumuron in cabbage and soil were 3.37 and 3.01 days from hunan province and 5.58 and 3.68 days in tianjin, respectively, when chinese cabbage was treated with 180 g of ac ...201020345168
retracted: long-term copper toxicity in apple trees (malus pumila mill) and bioaccumulation in fruits.the following article from environmental toxicology, 'long-term copper toxicity in apple trees (malus pumila mill) and bioaccumulation in fruits' by bai-ye sun, shi- hong kan, yan-zong zhang, jun wu, shi-huai deng, chun-sheng liu and gang yang, published online on january 15, 2010 in wiley interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com; doi: 10.1002/tox.20565), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal editor in chief, dr. paul tchounwou, and wiley periodicals, inc. the retracti ...201020082444
a disposable organophosphorus pesticides enzyme biosensor based on magnetic composite nano-particles modified screen printed carbon electrode.a disposable organophosphorus pesticides (ops) enzyme biosensor based on magnetic composite nanoparticle-modified screen printed carbon electrodes (spce) has been developed. firstly, an acetylcholinesterase (ache)-coated fe(3)o(4)/au (gmp) magnetic nanoparticulate (gmp-ache) was synthesized. then, gmp-ache was absorbed on the surface of a spce modified by carbon nanotubes (cnts)/nano-zro(2)/prussian blue (pb)/nafion (nf) composite membrane by an external magnetic field. thus, the biosensor (spce ...201022315558
copper exposure interferes with the regulation of the uptake, distribution and metabolism of sulfate in chinese cabbage.exposure of chinese cabbage (brassica pekinensis) to enhanced cu(2+) concentrations (1-10 microm) resulted in leaf chlorosis, a loss of photosynthetic capacity and lower biomass production at > or = 5 microm. the decrease in pigment content was likely not the consequence of degradation, but due to hindered chloroplast development upon cu exposure. the cu content of the root increased with the cu(2+) concentration (up to 40-fold), though only a minor proportion (4%) was transferred to the shoot. ...201020022138
[effects of applying controlled-release fertilizer blended with conventional nitrogen fertilizer on chinese cabbage yield and quality as well as nitrogen losses].an open field experiment was conducted to study the effects of applying controlled-release fertilizer blended with rapidly available chemical n fertilizer on chinese cabbage yield and quality as well as nitrogen losses, including ammonia volatilization and no3- -n accumulation and leaching in beijing suburb. the results showed that a combined application of 2:1 controlled-release fertilizer and urea fertilizer (total n rate 150 kg x hm(-2)) did not induce the reduction of chinese cabbage yield, ...201021443002
computational identification of genetic markers for selecting genes in rice and chinese cabbage.the national academy of agricultural science (naas) has developed a web-based database system (http:/ /nabic.naas.go.kr) to provide information about genetic markers in rice. a subscriber is assisted in tracing any new structures of the chromosome and gene positional functions through comparisons by using specific qtl markers. a genetic linkage map database system was constructed by using 1054 markers (112 qtl markers included) in each of 12 chromosomes in rice.201021354967
high hydrostatic pressure inactivation of total aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts in sour chinese cabbage.this study investigated the inactivation of total aerobic bacteria (tab), lactic acid bacteria (lab), yeasts in sour chinese cabbage (scc) treated by high hydrostatic pressure (hhp). the pressure level ranged from 200 to 600 mpa and the treatment time were 10-30 min. all samples were stored at 4, 27 and 37 degrees c for 90 days. the pressure level of 200 mpa had no significant impact on these microorganisms. the counts of tab were significantly reduced by 2.7-4.0 log(10)cfu/g at 400 mpa and 4.2- ...201020650536
monoclonal antibody produced by heterologous indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its application for parathion residue determination in agricultural and environmental samples.a heterologous indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed, which was based on monoclonal antibody (mab) to determine parathion residue in agricultural and environmental samples. eight mabs were produced by introducing the heterologous indirect elisa into the screening procedure. it was shown that these mabs had more broad-reactivity with twenty competitors than that of 5h7 (mab produced by homologous screening). so it became much easier using these new mabs to develop heter ...201020603747
nitrate in leafy vegetables, culinary herbs, and cucumber grown under cover in estonia: content and intake.the content of nitrate in leafy vegetables, culinary herbs, and cucumber was determined during the years 2006-2008. all samples of estonian origin, except white cabbage, were grown under cover. seasonal differences in nitrate concentrations were observed in lettuce and spinach. nitrate concentrations in lettuce were 22% and those in spinach were 24% higher in winter crops compared with samples collected in summer. the mean nitrate level was 3023 mg kg(-1) for fresh lettuce and 2337 mg kg(-1) for ...201024785500
elucidating the process of co-composting of biosolids and spent activated clay.this study elucidates the co-composting of biosolids and spent activated clay (sac) using physio-chemical, bioassay, and spectroscopic methods. a pilot-scale pile of blended limed biosolids, sac, and rice husk was composted for 15weeks. the changes in temperature, ph, fourier-transform infrared (ft-ir) spectra, c/n, and germination index (gi) of chinese cabbage (brassica chinensis) seeds with time support the goal of producing a mature compost with a decline in the sac acidity of associated with ...201020594829
overexpression of the ethylene-responsive factor gene brerf4 from brassica rapa increases tolerance to salt and drought in arabidopsis plants.ethylene-responsive factors (erfs), within a subgroup of the ap2/erf transcription factor family, are involved in diverse plant reactions to biotic or abiotic stresses. here, we report that overexpression of an erf gene from brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis (brerf4) led to improved tolerance to salt and drought stresses in arabidopsis. it also significantly affected the growth and development of transgenic plants. we detected that salt-induced expressions of a transcriptional repressor gene, aterf4 ...201020803085
mapping of quantitative trait loci for high level of self-incompatibility in brassica rapa l.the level of self-incompatibility (si) is important to the purity of f1 seeds produced using the si system of brassica vegetables. to analyze the genetic basis of the level of si, we generated an f2 population derived from a cross between a turnip inbred line showing a high level of si and a chinese cabbage inbred line showing a low level, and evaluated the level of si under insect pollination in two years. we constructed a detailed linkage map of brassica rapa from the f2 progeny, consisting of ...201020616857
ectopic expression of a chinese cabbage brargos gene in arabidopsis increases organ size.chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis) is a common and economically important crop in asia. specific targets of plant breeding programs for cabbage have been improvement in yield, resistance to environment stresses, and nutrition quality by means of genetic manipulation. to obtain information on yield improvement applicable for the genetic engineering approach, we have attempted to dissect the molecular pathways that regulate organ size. we first isolated a putative homolog of argos ...201019789991
analysis of brassica rapa ests: gene discovery and expression patterns of ap2/erf family genes.chinese cabbage (brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) is among the most important vegetables and is widely cultivated in world. genes in the ap2/erf family encode transcriptional regulators that serve a variety of functions in the plants. expressed sequence tags (ests) are created by partially sequencing randomly isolated gene transcripts and have proved valuable in molecular biology. starting from the database with 142 947 ests of b. rapa, 62 putative ap2/erf family genes were identified by in sili ...201019701799
using matrix solid-phase microextraction (matrix-spme) to estimate bioavailability of ddts in soil to both earthworm and vegetables.this study was conducted to find an appropriate approach for the assessment of bioavailability of ddts in soil to both earthworm and vegetables. four chemical approaches--soxhlet extraction with n-hexane, n-butanol agitation extraction, water agitation extraction, and matrix solid-phase microextraction (matrix-spme)--were used to assess the relationships between the extractability of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-dde), 1,1,1-trichloro-2-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-(o-chlorophenyl) e ...201019418090
lead accumulation in different chinese cabbage cultivars and screening for pollution-safe cultivars.recently, the concept of pollution-safe cultivars (pscs) was proposed to minimize the influx of pollutants to the human food chain. variations in lead (pb) uptake and translocation among chinese cabbage (brassica pekinensis l.) cultivars were investigated in a pot-culture experiment and a field-culture experiment to screen out pb-pscs for food safety. the results of the pot-culture experiment showed that shoot pb concentrations under two pb treatments (500 and 1500mgkg(-1)) varied significantly ...201019942339
overexpression of brmorn, a novel 'membrane occupation and recognition nexus' motif protein gene from chinese cabbage, promotes vegetative growth and seed production in arabidopsis.proteins that contain membrane occupation and recognition nexus (morn) motifs regulate various aspects of cellular metabolism by localizing proteins in different cellular organelles. the full-length brassica rapa morn motif protein (brmorn) cdna consists of 1,510 bp encoding 502 deduced amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 55.8 kda and an isoelectric point of 9.72. brmorn is a novel protein composed of two n-terminal transmembrane helices and seven c-terminal morn motifs and it appears ...201020016940
an insertional mutagenesis system for analyzing the chinese cabbage genome using agrobacterium t-dna.in this study, we applied insertional mutagenesis using agrobacterium transfer dna to functionally characterize the gene of brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis. the specific objectives were to: (i) develop and apply a gene tagging system using plasmid rescue and inverse pcr, (ii) select and analyze mutant lines, and (iii) analyze the phenotypic characteristics of mutants. a total of 3,400 insertional mutant lines were obtained from the chinese cabbage cultivar, 'seoul', using optimized condition. p ...201020195907
cloning, expression and physiological analysis of broccoli catalase gene and chinese cabbage ascorbate peroxidase gene under heat stress.the objectives of this work were to clone the catalase (cat) gene from broccoli (brassica oleracea) and the ascorbate peroxidase (apx) gene from chinese cabbage and measure the regulation of cat and apx gene expressions under heat-stress conditions. different genotypes responded differently to heat stress according to their various antioxidant enzymes and physiological parameters. cat and apx gene expression profiles were well matched with the data for cat and apx enzyme activities in the brocco ...201020352229
molecular cloning and characterisation of cytoplasmic glutamine synthetase gene bcgs1 from non-heading chinese cabbage.glutamine synthetase (gs; ec 6.3.1.2) is a key enzyme of nitrogen (n) assimilation, catalysing the synthesis of glutamine from ammonium and glutamate. plants have two types of gs isoenzyme that are localised in different compartments: one in the cytosol (gs1) and the other in the chloroplast (gs2). gs1 is the major form of gs in plant roots and directly converts ammonium taken up by plant roots to glutamine.201020355127
isolation and characterization of ngrlk1, a receptor-like kinase of nicotiana glutinosa that interacts with the elicitin of phytophthora capsici.elicitins, extracellular proteins from phytophthora fungi, elicit a hypersensitivity response (hr), including systemic acquired resistance, in some plants. the elicitin capsicein (approximately 10 kda) was purified by fplc from culture filtrates of p. capsici. purified native and recombinant capsicein induced a hypersensitive response in leaves of the non-host plants nicotiana glutinosa and brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis. to search for candidate capsicein-interacting proteins from n. glutinosa, ...201019449126
effects of four host plants on biology and food utilization of the cutworm, spodoptera litura.effects of four host plants, tobacco, chinese cabbage, cowpea and sweet potato, on larval and pupal development and survival, and longevity and fecundity of adults of spodoptera litura (f) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), were studied under laboratory conditions (26 degrees c, 60-80% rh), as was the utilization of the four host plants and adaptation on tobacco. all of the biological parameters included in the study were affected by the host plants. in a choice test, s. litura females oviposited most on ...201020578886
natural populations of lactic acid bacteria isolated from vegetable residues and silage fermentation.natural populations of lactic acid bacteria (lab) and silage fermentation of vegetable residues were studied. fifty-two strains of lab isolated from cabbage, chinese cabbage, and lettuce residues were identified and characterized. the lab strains were gram-positive and catalase-negative bacteria, which were divided into 6 groups (a to f) according to morphological and biochemical characteristics. the strains in group a were rods that did not produce gas from glucose and formed the d and l isomer ...201020630231
effects of four host plants on susceptibility of spodoptera litura (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae to five insecticides and activities of detoxification esterases.the tobacco cutworm, spodoptera litura (f.), is one of the most destructive polyphagous pests worldwide. the susceptibility of s. litura larvae reared on tobacco, chinese cabbage, cowpea and sweet potato to phoxim, chlorfenapyr, methomyl, fenvalerate and emamectin benzoate under laboratory conditions was determined.201020672333
lactococcus fujiensis sp nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from vegetable.three strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from vegetable of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. var. glabra regel) were characterized taxonomically. they were gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic cocci that did not produce gas from glucose and formed l-lactic acid. their major fatty acids were c18:1omega9cis, c16:0, c14:0 and summed feature 10. morphological, physiological and phylogenetic data indicated that the strains belong to the genus lactococcus. these strains shar ...201020675438
evaluation of insecticidal activity of a bacterial strain, serratia sp. eml-se1 against diamondback moth.to identify novel bioinsecticidal agents, a bacterial strain, serratia sp. eml-se1, was isolated from a dead larva of the lepidopteran diamondback moth (plutella xylostella) collected from a cabbage field in korea. in this study, the insecticidal activity of liquid cultures in luria-bertani broth (lbb) and nutrient broth (nb) of a bacterial strain, serratia sp. eml-se1 against thirty 3rd and 4th instar larvae of the diamondback moth was investigated on a chinese cabbage leaf housed in a round pl ...201020799099
[effect of plant-associated methanolic bacteria on methane and methanol concentration dynamics in atmosphere of pressurized chamber].stability of chinese cabbage crop colonization by methanolic bacteria methylovorus mays, methylomonas methanica and methylosinus trichosporium inoculated using a space-applicable method was evaluated. besides, trends of methane and methanol concentrations in the pressurized chamber with inoculated and uninoculated crops were calculated. methylovorus mays and methylosinus trichosporium were shown to establish more stable colonization as compared to methylomonas methanica. also, stable association ...201020804000
chemoselective modification of turnip yellow mosaic virus by cu(i) catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction and its application in cell binding.turnip yellow mosaic virus (tymv) is an icosahedral plant virus with a diameter of 28-30 nm that can be isolated in gram quantities from turnip or chinese cabbage inexpensively. in this study, tymv combined with spatially addressable surface chemistries was selected as a prototype bionanoparticle for modulating patterns of cell adhesion, morphology, and proliferation. we exploited the chemical reactivity of tymv using the mild conditions of cu(i) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (cuaac) reac ...201021166476
pedobacter rhizosphaerae sp. nov. and pedobacter soli sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere soil of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris).two bacterial strains 01-96(t) and 15-51(t) isolated from the rhizosphere soil of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris), were characterized using a polyphasic approach. the 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that strain 01-96(t) was phylogenetically related to pedobacter suwonensis 15-52(t) and pedobacter roseus 25b(t) (96.7 % and 96.7 % sequence similarity, respectively), and strain 15-51(t) was closely related to pedobacter borealis tfb(t) and pedobacter suwonensis 15-52(t) (97.2 % and 97. ...201121257686
induction of glandular stomach cancers in helicobacter pylori-infected mongolian gerbils by 1-nitrosoindole-3-acetonitrile.helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection and high intake of various traditional salt-preserved foods are regarded as risk factors for human gastric cancer. we previously reported that chinese cabbage contains indole compounds, such as indole-3-acetonitrile, a mutagen precursor. 1-nitrosoindole-3-acetonitrile (nian), formed by the treatment of indole-3-acetonitrile with nitrite under acidic conditions, shows direct-acting mutagenicity. in the present study, nian administration by gavage to mongo ...201121387296
isolation and characterization of a heme oxygenase-1 gene from chinese cabbage.heme oxygenase-1 (ho1) is a heme-catabolizing enzyme induced by a variety of stress conditions. this article described the cloning and characterization of brho1 gene which codes for a putative ho1 from chinese cabbage (brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis). brho1 consists of three exons and encodes a protein precursor of 32.3 kd with a putative n-terminal plastid transit peptide. the amino acid sequence of brho1 was 84% similar to arabidopsis counterpart hy1. the three-dimensional structure of brho1 ...201121505948
identification of expressed genes during infection of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) by plasmodiophora brassicae.abstract. plasmodiophora brassicae is an obligate, biotrophic pathogen causing the club-root disease of crucifers. despite its importance as a plant pathogen, little is known about p. brassicae at the molecular level as most of its life cycle takes place inside the plant host, and axenic culturing is impossible. discovery of genes expressed during infection and gene organization are the first steps toward a better understanding of the pathogen-host interaction. here, suppression subtractive hybr ...201121518080
environmental impact and site-specific human health risks of chromium in the vicinity of a ferro-alloy manufactory, china.previous studies often neglected the direct exposure to soil heavy metals in human health risk assessment. the purpose of this study was to assess the environmental impact and site-specific health risks of chromium (cr) by both direct and indirect exposure assessment method. results suggested that total cr was shown a substantial buildup with a significant increase in the industrial and cultivated soils (averaged 1910 and 986mgkg(-1), respectively). the cr contents of vegetables exceeded the max ...201121549505
identification of the brrhp1 locus that confers resistance to downy mildew in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) and development of linked molecular markers.inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (hyaloperonospora parasitica) in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) was studied using inbred parental lines rs1 and ss1 that display strong resistance and severe susceptibility, respectively. f(1), f(2), and bc(1)f(1) populations were evaluated for their responses to downy mildew infection. resistance to downy mildew was conditioned by a single dominant locus designated brrhp1. a random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) marker linked to brrhp ...201121814857
effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculant and beet pulp addition on fermentation characteristics and in vitro ruminal digestion of vegetable residue silage.the objective of this study was to determine the effect of beet pulp (bp) and lactic acid bacteria (lab) on silage fermentation quality and in vitro ruminal dry matter (dm) digestion of vegetable residues, including white cabbage, chinese cabbage, red cabbage, and lettuce. silage was prepared using a small-scale fermentation system, and treatments were designed as control silage without additive or with bp (30% fresh matter basis), lab inoculant chikuso-1 (lactobacillus plantarum, 5mg/kg, fresh ...201121787927
identification and expression analysis of chitinase genes related to biotic stress resistance in brassica.brassica is a very important vegetable group because of its contribution to human nutrition and consequent economic benefits. however, biotic stress is a major concern for these crops and molecular biology techniques offer the most efficient of approaches to address this concern. chitinase is an important biotic stress resistance-related gene. we identified three genes designated as brassica chitinase like protein (brclp1), brclp2 and brclp3 from a full-length cdna library of brassica rapa cv. o ...201121720758
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