Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| evaluation of the predatory mite, neoseiulus californicus, for spider mite control on greenhouse sweet pepper under hot arid field conditions. | the efficacy of neoseiulus californicus (a generalist predatory mite) for the biological control of tetranychus urticae, was compared to release of phytoseiulus persimilis (a specialist predatory mite) and an acaricide treatment in sweet pepper plants grown in greenhouse tunnels in a hot and arid climate. to ensure uniform pest populations, spider mites were spread on pepper plants in two seasons; a natural infestation occurred in one season. predators were released prophylactically and curative ... | 2008 | 18584132 |
| 'escentric' molecules. | can a fragrance be revolutionary? in this commentary, the creation of two unusual, extravagant fine fragrances, 'escentric01' and 'molecule01', is described. in response to the fantasy components found in release notes of many recent perfume launches, both center around a single real fragrance raw material, the transparent woody aroma chemical 'iso e super' (1+2). the perfume 'escentric01' contains 65% of it, accompanied by trisamber (3), red pepper, lime oil, incense and musks, while 'molecule0 ... | 2008 | 18618401 |
| [analytical method for carbamate pesticides in processed foods by lc/ms/ms]. | a rapid analytical method for the simultaneous determination of carbamate pesticides in processed foods was established by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (lc/ms/ms). the pesticides were extracted from samples with acetonitrile using accelerated solvent extract equipment, except for the fine powder type spices, which were extracted in an ultrasonic bath. the crude extract was cleaned up with a multi-solvent gpc column (shodex asahipak gf-310 hq) using acetonitrile as ... | 2008 | 18633196 |
| overexpression of sweet pepper glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gene enhanced thermotolerance of photosynthetic apparatus in transgenic tobacco. | in order to investigate the relationship between the lipid composition in thylakoid membrane and thermostability of photosynthetic apparatus, tobacco transformed with sweet pepper sense glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (gpat) gene were used to analyze the lipid composition in thylakoid membrane, the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under high temperature stress. the results showed that the saturated extent of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (mgdg), sulfoquinovosyl ... | 2008 | 18713430 |
| the n protein of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is associated with the induction of programmed cell death (pcd) in capsicum chinense plants, a hypersensitive host to tswv infection. | in sweet pepper, the tsw gene, originally described in capsicum chinense, has been widely used as an efficient gene for inducing a hypersensitivity response (hr) derived tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) resistance. since previously reported studies suggested that the tswv-s rna mutation(s) are associated with the breakdown of tsw mediated tswv resistance in peppers, the tswv genes n (structural nucleocapsid protein) and ns(s) (non-structural silencing suppressor protein) were cloned into a potat ... | 2008 | 18722487 |
| identification of begomoviruses infecting crops and weeds in belize. | plants including pepper, red kidney bean, squash, string bean and tomato, as well as weeds with viral symptoms were collected from five districts in belize over a three year period with the aim of determining the diversity of the begomoviruses present. sixty five percent of the samples screened via dna hybridization produced signals indicative of begomovirus infection. subsequent pcr amplifications and nucleotide sequence analyses revealed the presence of four begomoviruses in belize. pepper gol ... | 2008 | 20596296 |
| [simulation model on the formation of greenhouse sweet pepper leaf area index]. | leaf area index (lai) is one of the most important crop parameters in photosynthesis-driving crop growth simulation model and canopy evapotranspiration simulation model, while air temperature and radiation are the important climate factors affecting crop leaf growth. in this paper, experiments with different sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) cultivars and sowing dates were conducted in greenhouse to quantitatively analyze the relationships of the number of unfolding leaves per plant, the number ... | 2008 | 19123367 |
| impact of production system on development of insecticide resistance in frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), has become one of the most difficult insects to control in the intensive agriculture of southeastern spain. however, resistance problems are quite different in two neighboring areas, murcia and almeria, with distinct production systems. thirty-six field populations of western flower thrips from sweet pepper crops were collected in two different dates in murcia and almeria in 2005 and 2006. western flower ... | 2008 | 18950052 |
| dihydrocapsaicin (dhc), a saturated structural analog of capsaicin, induces autophagy in human cancer cells in a catalase-regulated manner. | although capsaicin, a pungent component of red pepper, is known to induce apoptosis in several types of cancer cells, the mechanisms underlying capsaicin-induced cytotoxicity are unclear. here, we showed that dihydrocapsaicin (dhc), an analog of capsaicin, is a potential inducer of autophagy. dhc was more cytotoxic than capsaicin in hct116, mcf-7 and wi38 cell lines. capsaicin and dhc did not affect the sub-g(1) apoptotic peak, but induced g(0)/g(1) arrest in hct116 and mcf-7 cells. dhc caused t ... | 2008 | 18818525 |
| capsaicin prevents ethanol-induced teratogenicity in cultured mouse whole embryos. | prenatal exposure to alcohol promotes the level of reactive oxygen species within embryos and results in developmental disorders. in this study, we investigated the effect of capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-n-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), the major pungent ingredient in red peppers, on ethanol-induced teratogenicity in mouse embryos (embryonic days 8.5-10.5). in response to ethanol administration (1.0 microl/ml), developmental parameters such as yolk sac circulation, allantois, heart, hindbrain, midbrain, f ... | 2008 | 18926900 |
| influence of ripening stage on health benefits properties of capsicum annuum var. acuminatum l.: in vitro studies. | abstract in the present study the in vitro hypoglycemic and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of hot pepper fruits (capsicum annuum var. acuminatum l.) at different ripening stages were investigated. the mature, green-stage fruits had the highest activity against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase with 50% inhibitory concentration (ic(50)) values of 55.88 and 76.11 microg/ml, respectively, while c. annuum var. acuminatum in the prematurity green stage exhibited the highest acetylcholinestera ... | 2008 | 18361755 |
| chromosomal dna content of sweet pepper determined by association of cytogenetic and cytometric tools. | the nuclear dna content of sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l. var. annuum, 2n = 24) has been measured by flow and image cytometries but the dna content of each chromosome of this species has not yet been regarded. dna content of individual chromosomes has been quantified by the flow karyotyping technique, which requires a great quantity of intact metaphasic chromosomes and methods that allow the characterization of individual chromosomes; however, the obtainment of adequate number of metaphases ca ... | 2008 | 18347800 |
| [simple preprocessing method for multi-determination of 235 pesticide residues in cooked ingredients of foods by gc/ms and lc/ms/ms]. | a simple preprocessing method was developed for multiresidue determination of pesticides in processed agricultural products. residues were extracted from homogenized samples with acetonitrile in a glass centrifuge tube, followed by salting-out and partitioning with n-hexane. co-extractives were removed by means of mini-column clean up. analysis was performed by gc/ms and lc/ms/ms. the prepared sample solutions were examined for matrix effects. matrix effects had both positive and negative effect ... | 2008 | 18633206 |
| [factors affecting oviposition of bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b in sweet pepper]. | bemisia tabaci (gen.) biotype b is considered a pest of economical importance for several vegetables. the oviposition behaviour of the whilefly was evaluated in sweet pepper plants. the trials were carried out under greenhouse condition and in the laboratory of entomology of defers/unesp, campus of ilha solteira-sp, with the sweet pepper magali-r genotype. the effect of plant age on the whitefly oviposition was evaluated in free-choice tests, in plants, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45-day-old, as egg dist ... | 2008 | 18506298 |
| ecological specialization of the aphid aphis gossypii glover on cultivated host plants. | many plant-feeding insect species considered to be polyphagous are in fact composed of genetically differentiated sympatric populations that use different hosts and between which gene flow still exists. we studied the population genetic structure of the cotton-melon aphid aphis gossypii that is considered as one of the most polyphagous aphid species. we used eight microsatellites to analyse the genetic diversity of numerous samples of a. gossypii collected over several years at a large geographi ... | 2009 | 19635073 |
| ovipositional deterrent on mature stage of sweet pepper, capsicum annuum, against liriomyza trifolii (burgess). | liriomyza trifolii (burgess), the american serpentine leafminer fly, is a well-known serious pest in the world. this insect species attacks plants of more than 21 families including solanaceae plants. a sweet pepper, capsicum annuum (solanaceae), on mature stage, however, shows resistance to this leafminer fly. this resistance is based on the ovipositional deterrent in the sweet pepper leaf against the fly species. based on the bioassay guided fractionation, phytol [(2e)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2- ... | 2009 | 16320617 |
| lignans from the fruits of the red pepper (capsicum annuum l.) and their antioxidant effects. | the fruits of capsicum annuum were extracted using 80% aqueous meoh, and fractionated using etoac and water. repeated column chromatography using silica gel, octadecyl silica gel, and sephadex lh-20 for the etoac fraction led to the isolation of a new lignan glycoside and a known one, icariside e(5). from the results of spectroscopic data, including eims, fabms, uv, ir, (1)h and (13)c-nmr, dept, and 2d-nmr (cosy, hsqc, hmbc), the chemical structure of the new lignan glycoside was determined as ( ... | 2009 | 19898795 |
| qualitative and quantitative differences in the carotenoid composition of yellow and red peppers determined by hplc-dad-ms. | the carotenoids of a yellow (f(1) amanda hybrid) and a red (f(1) magali hybrid) pepper (capsicum annuum l.) at the ripe stage, marketed in campinas, brazil, were identified by the combined use of the chromatographic behavior, absorption spectra, and chemical reactions, confirmed by the mass spectra. hplc was carried out with a spherisorb ods 2 (c18, monomeric, 3 microm, 4.6 x 150 mm) column and dad and mass detector. the main carotenoids in the yellow pepper were violaxanthin (27.1-36.6 microg/g ... | 2009 | 19813226 |
| genetic analysis for some plant and fruit traits, and its implication for a breeding program of hot pepper (capsicum annuum var. annuum l.). | two separate field experiments were conducted on hot pepper in which the genetic, heritability and environmental components of variation for seven plant and fruit traits in 78 genotypes and gene effects for four fruit traits in six generations of five crosses were estimated. the objectives were to determine the variation and effects of genes controlling inheritance of plant and fruit traits, and to propose efficient breeding procedures for improving the crop. analysis of variance in half-diallel ... | 2009 | 19765093 |
| the effects of chronic low-dose capsaicin treatment on substance p levels. | capsaicin, the pungent ingredient of red pepper, is consumed in varying amounts by many ethnic groups. it serves both therapeutically and as a specific tool to investigate sensory neurons. although effects of high capsaicin doses are well-established, systemic effects of chronic low-dose capsaicin exposure are unknown. sprague-dawley rats (21-day old) were injected with capsaicin (0.5 mg/kg, ip) for 6 and 19 days. changes in substance p (sp) levels of lung and skin were measured. two-step sequen ... | 2009 | 19000921 |
| capsaicin, a component of red peppers, induces expression of androgen receptor via pi3k and mapk pathways in prostate lncap cells. | in this study, capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-n-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) induced an increase in the cell viability of the androgen-responsive prostate cancer lncap cells, which was reversed by the use of the trpv1 antagonists capsazepine, i-rtx and sb 366791. in further studies we observed that capsaicin induced a decrease in ceramide levels as well as akt and erk activation. to investigate the mechanism of capsaicin action we measured androgen (ar) receptor levels. capsaicin induced an increase in the ... | 2009 | 19059400 |
| a foodborne outbreak of cryptosporidium hominis infection. | foodborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis are uncommon. in denmark human cases are generally infrequently diagnosed. in 2005 an outbreak of diarrhoea affected company employees near copenhagen. in all 99 employees were reported ill; 13 were positive for cryptosporidium hominis infection. two analytical epidemiological studies were performed; an initial case-control study followed by a cohort study using an electronic questionnaire. disease was associated with eating from the canteen salad bar on ... | 2009 | 19134228 |
| capsaicin-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer mcf-7 cells through caspase-independent pathway. | capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-n-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a significant pungent ingredient in a variety of red peppers of the genus capsicum, is a type of vanilloid. it has been shown to exert biological activities (anticarcinogenic, antimutagenic and chemopreventive) in many cancer cell lines. it was found that capsaicin induces dose-dependent growth inhibition of mcf-7 cells, which does not express caspase-3. in this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of capsaicin-induced apoptosis in mc ... | 2009 | 19212624 |
| effects of neolignans from the stem bark of magnolia obovata on plant pathogenic fungi. | to characterize antifungal principles from the methanol extract of magnolia obovata and to evaluate their antifungal activities against various plant pathogenic fungi. | 2009 | 19245403 |
| kochujang, a korean fermented red pepper plus soybean paste, improves glucose homeostasis in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats. | red pepper and soybeans have been reported to modulate energy and glucose metabolism. however, the antidiabetic effect of kochujang, the fermented product of red pepper plus soybeans, has not been studied. we examined whether kochujang affected insulin secretion from beta-cells and/or peripheral insulin resistance in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats fed high-fat diets. | 2009 | 19251395 |
| biogenic amine content in dry fermented sausages as influenced by a producer, spice mix, starter culture, sausage diameter and time of ripening. | sixteen types of dry fermented sausages were commercially produced as combinations of two producers (designated k and r), two starter cultures (pediococcus pentosaceus, c; lactobacillus curvatus+staphylococcus carnosus, f), two spicing mixtures (h; p) and two casing diameters (4.5cm, t; 7cm, w), and were sampled at days zero, 14, 28 (end of ripening), 49, 70, 91 and 112 (samples were stored at 15 degrees c and relative humidity of 70% between days 28 and 112). tyramine and putrescine content (y, ... | 2009 | 20416663 |
| quantitative determination of capsaicin, a transient receptor potential channel vanilloid 1 agonist, by liquid chromatography quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry: evaluation of in vitro metabolic stability. | capsaicin is the most abundant pungent molecule present in red peppers and it is widely used for food flavoring, in pepper spray in self-defense devices and more recently in ointments for the relief of neuropathic pain. capsaicin is a selective agonist of transient receptor potential channel, vanilloid subfamily member 1. a selective and sensitive quantitative method for the determination of capsaicin by lc-esi/ms/ms was developed. the method consisted of a protein precipitation extraction follo ... | 2009 | 18816461 |
| capsaicin-induced apoptosis in human hepatoma hepg2 cells. | capsaicin, a pungent ingredient of red pepper, has been reported to possess antitumor activities. in this study, the effects of capsaicin on human hepg2 cells were investigated. capsaicin reduced viability by pi incorporation in hepg2 cells in a dose and time dependent manner. capsaicin promoted intracellular ca2+ production and reactive oxygen species (ros). the alpha psi(m) significantly decreased after capsaicin treatment for 24 h. co-treatment of hepg2 cells with capsaicin and bapta (an intr ... | 2009 | 19331147 |
| prevalence and toxigenic profiles of bacillus cereus isolated from dried red peppers, rice, and sunsik in korea. | bacillus cereus is a spore-forming foodborne pathogen responsible for diarrheal and emetic types of food poisoning. intoxication is caused by various enterotoxins or by emetic toxin. because of its widespread presence and the ability to form heat-stable endospores in a relatively short time, b. cereus has been difficult to control. in this study, 21 rice and 36 sunsik (a mixture of powdered raw grains) samples were examined for the prevalence of b. cereus. a multiplex pcr assay was used to evalu ... | 2009 | 19343947 |
| pepper chat fruit viroid: biological and molecular properties of a proposed new species of the genus pospiviroid. | in autumn 2006, a new disease was observed in a glasshouse-grown crop of sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) in the netherlands. fruit size of the infected plants was reduced up to 50%, and plant growth was also slightly reduced. here we show that the disease is caused by a previously non-described viroid. the pepper viroid is transmitted by both mechanical inoculation and pepper seeds and, when inoculated experimentally, it infects several solanaceous plant species inducing vein necrosis and redu ... | 2009 | 19442691 |
| effect of nisin (nisaplin) on the growth of listeria monocytogenes in karashi-mentaiko (red-pepper seasoned cod roe). | the influence of nisaplin, which contains 2.5% nisin, on the growth of listeria monocytogenes in karashi-mentaiko (red-pepper seasoned cod roe) was investigated. the mics of nisaplin for l. monocytogenes (10(8) cfu/ml) were measured; seven isolates showed a value of 1,600 microg/ml and one isolate showed a value of 800 microg/ml. all l. monocytogenes isolates had a mic of 800 microg/ml at 10(6) cfu/ml. the number of l. monocytogenes in karashi-mentaiko stored at 4 degrees c was decreased by nisa ... | 2009 | 19745585 |
| hla-b27 subtypes in patients with spondylarthropathies, ige levels against some allergens and their relationship to the disease parameters. | in suitable genetic backgrounds, some exogenous and/or endogenous antigens may cause spa. in this study, we investigated hla b27 subtypes and its relationship to some allergens and clinical findings in a group of spa patients. forty-eight patients (19f, 29m) with spa (27 with ankylosing spondylitis, 5 with reactive arthritis, 15 undifferentiated and 1 with psoriatic arthritis) were included to the study. hla-b alleles have been assessed using the lipa (line probe assay) reverse hybridization pri ... | 2009 | 19750986 |
| nutritional changes in powdered red pepper upon in vitro infection of aspergillus flavus. | quantitative losses in various biochemical constituents like capsaicin, carotenes, ascorbic acid, polyphenols, mineral matter, sugars (soluble and insoluble), protein and fat were estimated after the successful growth of aspergillus flavus for 30 days on powdered red pepper. the fungal biomass was measured by ergosterol content and aflatoxin b1 by hplc. amongst the various nutritional constituents evaluated for nutritional losses and changes the highest nutritional loss was reported in total car ... | 2009 | 24031333 |
| development of a multi-mycotoxin liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for sweet pepper analysis. | a multi-mycotoxin method was developed for the simultaneous determination of trichothecenes (nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, neosolaniol, fusarenon-x, diacetoxyscirpenol, ht-2 toxin, t-2 toxin), aflatoxins (aflatoxin-b(1), aflatoxin-b(2), aflatoxin-g(1) and aflatoxin-g(2)), alternaria toxins (alternariol, alternariol methyl ether and altenuene), fumonisins (fumonisin-b(1), fumonisin-b(2) and fumonisin-b(3)), ochratoxin a, zearalenone, beauvericin and s ... | 2009 | 19051227 |
| [effects of grafting on photosynthesis of sweet pepper seedlings under low temperature and weak light intensity]. | sweet pepper 'chifengtexuan' seedlings were grafted onto 'weishi' and 'buyeding' rootstocks, treated with low temperature (8 degrees c/ 5 degrees c) and weak light intensity (100 micromol x m(-2) s(-1)) for 7 days, and then recovered under normal conditions (25 degrees c/ 18 degrees c, pfd 550-600 micromol x s(-1)) for 3 days to study the variations of their gas exchange parameters, carboxylation efficiency, and fluorescence parameters, with the own-rooted 'chifengtexuan' seedlings as the contro ... | 2009 | 19637597 |
| potential new insecticides for the control of western flower thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) on sweet pepper, tomato, and lettuce. | new pesticides are required to maintain effective resistance management strategies for control of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae). we tested the efficacy of acetamiprid, and thiamethoxam, two neonicotinoids that represent a newer class of insecticides for the control of thrips. we also tested chlorfenapyr, a pyrrol compound, and a lower than registered rate of the biopesticide spinosad. laboratory bioassays were used to predict the relative ... | 2009 | 19449645 |
| effects of capsaicin, green tea and ch-19 sweet pepper on appetite and energy intake in humans in negative and positive energy balance. | bioactive ingredients have been shown to reduce appetite and energy intake. the magnitude of these effects might depend on energy balance why it was investigated how capsaicin, green tea, ch-19 sweet pepper as well as green tea and capsaicin affect appetite and energy intake during respectively negative and positive energy balance. | 2009 | 19345452 |
| expression of pat and npt ii proteins during the developmental stages of a genetically modified pepper developed in korea. | estimation of the protein levels introduced in a biotechnology-derived product is conducted as part of an overall safety assessment. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to analyze phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (pat) and neomycin phosphotransferase ii (npt ii) protein expression in a genetically modified (gm) pepper plant developed in korea. pat and npt ii expression levels, based on both dry weight and fresh weight, were variable among different plant generations and plant ... | 2010 | 20873787 |
| metabolomic characterization of italian sweet pepper (capsicum annum l.) by means of hrmas-nmr spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. | hrmas-nmr spectroscopy was used to assess the metabolic profile of sweet pepper (capsicum annum l.). one-dimensional and two-dimensional nmr spectra, performed directly on sample pieces of few milligrams, hence without any chemical and/or physical manipulation, allowed the assignment of several compounds. organic acids, fatty acids, amino acids, and minor compounds such as trigonelline, c4-substituted pyridine, choline, and cinnamic derivatives were observed with a single experiment. a significa ... | 2010 | 20715777 |
| effects of capsaicin-containing red pepper sauce suspension on esophageal secondary peristalsis in humans. | capsaicin-sensitive afferents have been implicated in the modulation of gastrointestinal sensorimotor functions. secondary peristalsis is important for the clearance of retained refluxate or material from the esophagus. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of capsaicin-containing red pepper sauce suspension on esophageal secondary peristalsis in healthy adults. | 2010 | 20618832 |
| capsaicin, a component of red peppers, stimulates protein kinase ckii activity. | protein kinase ckii (ckii), a heterotetramer composed of two catalytic (alpha or alpha') subunits and two regulatory (beta) subunits, plays a critical role in cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis. recently, capsaicin was shown to trigger apoptosis. therefore, we examined the effect of capsaicin on ckii activity. although capsaicin induced apoptotic death in hela cells, ckii activity was increased in the cytosolic fraction of hela cells after treatment. capsaicin did not change the expression of ... | 2010 | 20510015 |
| cellular antioxidant activity of common vegetables. | the measurement of antioxidant activity using biologically relevant assays is important to screen fruits, vegetables, natural products, and dietary supplements for potential health benefits. the cellular antioxidant activity (caa) assay quantifies antioxidant activity using a cell culture model and was developed to meet the need for a more biologically representative method than the popular chemistry antioxidant capacity measures. the objective of the study was to determine the caa, total phenol ... | 2010 | 20462192 |
| biological control of broad mites (polyphagotarsonemus latus) with the generalist predator amblyseius swirskii. | the broad mite is a serious pest of a variety of crops worldwide. several phytoseiid mites have been described to control these mites. however, broad mites are still one of the major pest problems on greenhouse pepper in south-eastern spain. the generalist predatory mite a. swirskii is widely used against other pests of pepper plants such as thrips and whiteflies, the latter being a vector of broad mites. we assessed the potential of a. swirskii to control broad mites. the oviposition rate of a. ... | 2010 | 20191312 |
| ochratoxin a levels in spices and dried nuts consumed in tunisia. | a total of 112 samples of spices (24 caraway, 20 coriander, 25 curcuma, 20 black pepper and 23 red pepper) and 110 samples of dried nuts (44 almonds, 42 peanuts and 24 pistachio) purchased from popular markets in 24 regions of tunisia were analyzed for ochratoxin a (ota) by fluorescence hplc. the average levels of contamination of ota found in spice samples were 244, 206, 290, 274 and 203 µg/kg, respectively, for caraway, coriander, curcuma, black pepper and red pepper. concerning dried nut samp ... | 2010 | 24785316 |
| exposure to aflatoxins in japan: risk assessment for aflatoxin b1. | the intake of total aflatoxins (aft) and aflatoxin b(1) (afb(1)) from food in japan was estimated from aft and afb(1) concentration and frequency data in 24 foods (884 samples) from a 3-year retail market survey from the summer of 2004 to the winter of 2006, and by food consumption data from the national health and nutrition survey performed in 2005. the aft and afb(1) survey revealed that peanut, peanut products, cocoa, chocolate, pistachio, white pepper, red pepper, almond, job's tears, buckwh ... | 2010 | 20155541 |
| comparison of uv-absorbing nets in pepper crops: spectral properties, effects on plants and pest control. | in horticultural crops, the use of screens to protect plants is the usual strategy in the mediterranean area. screen manufacturers offer a range of netting that vary in their uv-absorbing properties. we compared the photoeffects of seven different screens. sweet pepper trials were conducted at the gilat research center, israel, where the spectral properties of the nets and their influence on pest infestation and crop development were evaluated. uv transmittance varied among the materials studied ... | 2010 | 19947970 |
| hybridization of the natural antibiotic, cinnamic acid, with layered double hydroxides (ldh) as green pesticide. | heavy application of highly toxic synthetic pesticides has been committed to protect crops against insects and diseases, which have brought about serious environmental problems. thus, an inevitable and fundamental issue has been how to protect crops without harmful effects on nature. as a fascinating nature-compatible approach, we have attempted to hybridize soil-compatible layered double hydroxides (ldhs) with natural antibiotic substances. only a few of natural antibiotic substances are availa ... | 2010 | 19756805 |
| plant ferredoxin-like protein (pflp) outside chloroplast in arabidopsis enhances disease resistance against bacterial pathogens. | protection of crops against bacterial disease is an important issue in agricultural production. one of the strategies to lead plants become resistant against bacterial pathogens is employing a transgene, like plant ferredoxin-like protein (pflp). pflp is a photosynthetic type ferredoxin isolated from sweet pepper and contains a signal peptide for targeting towards chloroplasts. our previous reports indicated that transgenic plants with this protein are more resistant against bacterial pathogens. ... | 2010 | 21802603 |
| mould deterioration of agricultural commodities during transit: problems faced by developing countries. | huge quantities of agricultural commodities are being either imported or exported by the developing countries. the commodities have to be transported from the fields of cultivation to the centres of consumption, considerable time being taken for the movement not only because of long distances but also because of various socio-economic, environmental and biological reasons. these commodities are likely to be damaged by mould growth and subsequent aflatoxin accumulation. if the contamination occur ... | 2010 | 3275325 |
| toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of isoeugenol (cas no. 97-54-1) in f344/n rats and b6c3f1 mice (gavage studies). | isoeugenol is one of several structurally similar phenylpropenoid compounds produced by plants. it has been extracted from calamus, savory, basil, ylang-ylang, clove, tuberose, jonquil, nutmeg, tobacco, sandalwood, dill seed, mace, gardenia, petunia, and other flowers. isoeugenol can also be produced by isomerization of eugenol, which occurs naturally in clove, pimento, bay leaf, and cinnamon. as a fragrance with a spicy, carnation-like odor, isoeugenol is incorporated into numerous household an ... | 2010 | 21372857 |
| effect of starter culture and turmeric on physico-chemical quality of carabeef pastirma. | carabeef samples were sliced, pressed, cured and divided into 6 groups. starter cultures (micrococcus varians m483 (mv), staphylococcus carnosus (sc), lactobacillus sakei (ls), m. varians m483+ lb. sakei and staph. carnosus + lb. sakei) were inoculated at the dose of 10(6)-0(7)cfu/g and stored at 10 ± 1°c for 7 days. uninoculated samples were maintained as control. samples were then divided into 2 treatment groups. samples of treatment 1 (t1) were smeared with a paste of turmeric followed by app ... | 2010 | 23572607 |
| capsaicin induces apoptosis through ubiquitin-proteasome system dysfunction. | capsaicin is an active component of red pepper having an antiproliferative effect in a variety of cancer cells, which recent evidence suggests due to its ability to induce apoptosis. however, the molecular mechanisms through which capsaicin induces apoptosis are not well understood. here we demonstrate that capsaicin-induced apoptosis is mediated via the inhibition cellular proteasome function. treatment of capsaicin to mouse neuro 2a cells results in the inhibition of proteasome activity in a d ... | 2010 | 20069556 |
| characterization of acc deaminase gene in pseudomonas entomophila strain ps-pjh isolated from the rhizosphere soil. | the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase cleaves the ethylene precursor acc into alpha-ketobutyrate and ammonia. the decreased level of ethylene allows the plant to be more resistant to a wide environmental stress including plant pathogens. in the present study, we characterized the acc deaminase activity of a pseudomonas entomophila strain ps-pjh isolated from the red pepper rhizosphere region of red pepper grown at jinan, korea. the isolate produced 23.8 +/- 0.4 micromol of ... | 2010 | 20082369 |
| toward a quarter century of pathogen-derived resistance and practical approaches to plant virus disease control. | the concept of pathogen-derived resistance (pdr) describes the use of genetic elements from a pathogen's own genome to confer resistance in an otherwise susceptible host via genetic engineering [j. theor. biol. 113 (1985) 395]. illustrated with the bacteriophage qbeta in escherichia coli, this strategy was conceived as a broadly applicable approach to engineer resistance against pathogens. for plant viruses, the concept of pdr was validated with the creation of tobacco plants expressing the coat ... | 2010 | 20109666 |
| nsaid-activated gene-1 as a molecular target for capsaicin-induced apoptosis through a novel molecular mechanism involving gsk3beta, c/ebpbeta and atf3. | capsaicin, a natural product of the capsicum species of red peppers, is known to induce apoptosis and suppress growth. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene-1 (nag-1) is a cytokine associated with pro-apoptotic and antitumorigenic property in colorectal and lung cancer. our data demonstrate that capsaicin leads to induction of apoptosis and up-regulates nag-1 gene expression at the transcriptional level. overexpression of ccaat/enhancer binding protein beta (c/ebpbeta) caused a sig ... | 2010 | 20110283 |
| capsiate inhibits ultraviolet b-induced skin inflammation by inhibiting src family kinases and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. | capsiate, one of the major capsaicinoids, is nonpungent and present in sweet pepper. we investigated the effects of capsiate on the ultraviolet b (uvb)-induced inflammatory response in skin and its molecular mechanisms. capsiate-pretreated human keratinocytes inhibited intracellular reactive oxygen species (ros), which activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab) pathways. therefore, we determined the effects of capsiate on these pathways. capsiate inhibite ... | 2010 | 20123015 |
| development of a modified caco-2 cell model system for studying iron availability in eggs. | a modified caco-2 cell model system was developed for studying iron availability in mixtures of fresh and/or cooked foods subjected to a simulated gastrointestinal digestion. the effect of combining foods containing high levels of ascorbic acid with cooked eggs on ferritin expression in the cells was measured. there was no detectable increase in ferritin with eggs alone, indicating that none of the iron was available for uptake into the cells, but when mixed with orange juice or salad (lettuce, ... | 2010 | 20170171 |
| beneficial influence of dietary spices on the ultrastructure and fluidity of the intestinal brush border in rats. | the beneficial influence of three common spices was examined in experimental rats on: (i) the membrane fluidity of intestinal brush-border membranes (bbm), (ii) the activity of intestinal membrane-bound enzymes, and (iii) ultrastructural alterations in the intestinal epithelium. groups of male wistar rats were maintained on dietary black pepper (0.5 %), red pepper (3.0 %), ginger (0.05 %) and spice bioactive compounds piperine (0.02 %) and capsaicin (0.01 %) for 8 weeks. a membrane fluidity stud ... | 2010 | 20178671 |
| effect of ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds on antioxidative defense system and oxidative stress in rats fed high-fat . high-cholesterol diet. | the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds on the antioxidative defense system and oxidative stress in rats fed a high fat . high cholesterol diet. rats were divided into four experimental groups which were composed of high fat . high cholesterol diet group (hf), high fat . high cholesterol diet with 0.1% ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds supplemented group (hea), high fat . high cholesterol diet with 0.2% ethanol extracts from r ... | 2010 | 20198203 |
| [clinical and microbiological profile of women with bacterial vaginosis]. | to study the clinical and microbiological profile of women with bacterial vaginosis participating in a randomized, double-blind clinical trial, which compared the vaginal use of preparations from red pepper tree and metronidazole for the treatment of genital discharge. | 2010 | 20305946 |
| gastrointestinal protective effect of dietary spices during ethanol-induced oxidant stress in experimental rats. | spices are traditionally known to have digestive stimulant action and to cure digestive disorders. in this study, the protective effect of dietary spices with respect to activities of antioxidant enzymes in gastric and intestinal mucosa was examined. groups of wistar rats were fed for 8 weeks with diets containing black pepper (0.5%), piperine (0.02%), red pepper (3.0%), capsaicin (0.01%), and ginger (0.05%). all these spices significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes--superoxi ... | 2010 | 20383223 |
| red pepper as a probe for obesity. | 2010 | 20408546 | |
| the aflatoxin contamination of ground red pepper and pistachio nuts sold in turkey. | total aflatoxin (aft) and aflatoxin b1 (afb1) contamination, ph and water activity, and mold and yeast counts in unpacked and packed ground red pepper (grp) and pistachio nut have been studied from september 2008 to february 2009. 17.1% (14/82) and 23.1% (19/82) unpacked grp were over aft and afb1 legal limits, respectively, while only one packed sample was over legal limit of afb1 by 89.99 ppb. both of aft and afb1 were detected in 50.5% (48/95) of unpacked pistachio nuts with the contamination ... | 2010 | 20600537 |
| tomato yellow leaf curl viruses: ménage à trois between the virus complex, the plant and the whitefly vector. | tomato yellow leaf curl disease (tylcd) is one of the most devastating viral diseases affecting tomato crops in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of the world. here, we focus on the interactions through recombination between the different begomovirus species causing tylcd, provide an overview of the interactions with the cellular genes involved in viral replication, and highlight recent progress on the relationships between these viruses and their vector, the whitefly bemisia tabaci. t ... | 2010 | 20618703 |
| the 126- and/or 183-kda replicases or their coding regions are responsible both for inefficient local and for systemic movements of paprika mild mottle virus japanese strain in tomato plants. | paprika mild mottle virus japanese strain (pammv-j), a member of the genus tobamovirus, was originally isolated from sweet pepper plants (capsicum annuum l.). in experimental conditions, pammv-j spread more slowly in inoculated leaves of tomato plants and moved to uninoculated upper leaves at a lower frequency than tomato mosaic virus (tomv). in this study, we aimed to identify the viral factors responsible for the low efficiency of local and systemic movement of pammv-j in tomato plants. using ... | 2010 | 20708047 |
| fruits and vegetables protect against the genotoxicity of heterocyclic aromatic amines activated by human xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes expressed in immortal mammalian cells. | heterocyclic aromatic amines (haas) can be formed during the cooking of meat and fish at elevated temperatures and are associated with an increased risk for cancer. on the other hand, epidemiological findings suggest that foods rich in fruits and vegetables can protect against cancer. in the present study three teas, two wines, and the juices of 15 fruits and 11 vegetables were investigated for their protective effect against the genotoxic effects of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq) ... | 2010 | 20713174 |
| hypoxanthine levels in human urine serve as a screening indicator for the plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein modulation activities of fermented red pepper paste. | fermented red pepper paste (frpp) is one of the most well-known traditional foods in korea. the effects of frpp in experimental animals and adipocytes have been previously reported. however, the biochemical effects have not yet been validated in humans with various genetic backgrounds and environmental factors. in this study, 28 female volunteers (body mass index, more than 23 kg/m(2)) aged 19 to 60 years were treated with either frpp or a placebo for 12 weeks. marked cholesterol modulation was ... | 2010 | 20797477 |
| tissue distribution & elimination of capsaicin, piperine & curcumin following oral intake in rats. | curcumin, capsaicin and piperine--the bioactive compounds present in spices--turmeric (curcuma longa), red pepper (capsicum annuum) and black pepper (piper nigrum) respectively, have a considerable portion of structural homology. tissue distribution and elimination of these three structurally similar bioactive compounds was examined following their oral intake in rats. | 2010 | 20516541 |
| antimicrobial effects of hypochlorite on escherichia coli in water and selected vegetables. | in this study, the antimicrobial effects of hypochlorite (hocl) on escherichia coli in tap water were investigated. the effects of 0.1% thyme oil and 100 mg/l hocl on e. coli on vegetables (lettuce, parsley leafs, and red pepper) were also studied. e. coli was reduced by 2.54, 3.33, 3.93, 4.87, and 5.57 log colony forming units (cfu)/ml with 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 10, and 50 mg/ml hocl, respectively. there was an increase of more than 30% in the inactivation of e. coli with 10 degrees c rise in tempera ... | 2010 | 20524899 |
| [effect of sweet pepper, enriched with selenium, on the transplantable ehrlich carcinoma in mice]. | effect of sweet pepper enriched and non-enriched with se on ehrlich carcinoma growth at balb/c mice was investigated. 1000 mg/kg of both preparations of sweet pepper (per os administration for mice of 9 months age) inhibited an early stage of tumour growth on 42-62% and 37-65% respectively. no effect on tumour growth was registered for 4 months mice. | 2010 | 21341476 |
| production and migration of mycotoxins in sweet pepper analyzed by multimycotoxin lc-ms/ms. | in this work the presence and migration behavior of mycotoxins formed in sweet pepper, inoculated by fusarium species involved in internal fruit rot, were investigated. two different commercial sweet pepper cultivars were inoculated with two different fusarium proliferatum isolates that were sampled from diseased peppers. after 10 days of incubation at 20 °c in a closed container, the lesion caused by the fungal infection was dissected. around the lesion, up to three concentric rings of pepper f ... | 2010 | 20825158 |
| effect of polyacetylenic acids from prunella vulgaris on various plant pathogens. | this study is aiming at characterizing antifungal substances from the methanol extract of prunella vulgaris and at investigating those substances' antifungal and antioomycete activities against various plant pathogens. | 2010 | 20849392 |
| expression of sweet pepper hrap gene in banana enhances resistance to xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum. | banana xanthomonas wilt (bxw), caused by the bacterium xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum, is the most devastating disease of banana in the great lakes region of africa. the pathogen's rapid spread has threatened the livelihood of millions of africans who rely on banana fruit for food security and income. the disease is very destructive, infecting all banana varieties, including both east african highland bananas and exotic types of banana. in the absence of natural host plant resistance amon ... | 2010 | 21029318 |
| [screening of potential antibiotics, inhibitors of the nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis--2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate derivatives]. | the recently discovered nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis is a prospective target in screening of new antibiotics. because of the absence of the pathway in the animal cells, the specific inhibitors of the pathway will be a new class of antibiotics against many pathogens (which cause, e.g., malaria, tuberculosis, etc), combining high efficiency and low toxicity. several derivatives of 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate (mec) were synthesized. 4-phospho-methyl-d-erythritol ... | 2010 | 21033467 |
| salmonella montevideo infections associated with salami products made with contaminated imported black and red pepper --- united states, july 2009-april 2010. | in august and september 2009, pulsenet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance, detected a multistate cluster of salmonella montevideo infections with an indistinguishable pulse-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) pattern (xbai pfge pattern jixx01.0011). cases were geographically dispersed, and the age and sex distributions were typical for reported salmonella cases. montevideo is the seventh most common salmonella serotype in the united states; of 1,225 pfge pa ... | 2010 | 21178949 |
| effects of postharvest treatments on fruit quality of sweet pepper at low temperature. | postharvest storage of sweet pepper fruits (capsicum annuum l.) at low temperatures could impair their physical and chemical composition. therefore, maintenance of essential nutrition support or altered gas exchange could preserve fruit quality, minimizing chilling injury. thus our aim was to determine the response to postharvest application of a low concentration of nitrogen (urea) or antitranspirant (pinolene) during a period of 21 days at 5 °c. | 2010 | 20812372 |
| effect of foliar application of antitranspirant on photosynthesis and water relations of pepper plants under different levels of co2 and water stress. | strategies such as foliar application of antitranspirants have the potential to regulate transpiration, but often, the limitation of co(2) exchange as a result of reduced stomatal conductance can impair this beneficial effect. elevated ambient [co(2)] could significantly improve co(2) diffusion while effectively reducing transpiration. in this experiment, we examined the response of sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) to the foliar application of antitranspirant (at) under two [co(2)] (380 and 200 ... | 2010 | 20542351 |
| hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant capacities of georgian spices for meat and their possible health implications. | georgian cuisine is famous for its spices for meat dishes. many spices are rich in polyphenols and other antioxidants that reduce the formation of carcinogenic products during thermal processing of meat and counteract its adverse health effects. in spite of the relative popularity of meat dishes, georgia is characterized by low incidence of the colorectal cancer. we suggest that this phenomenon may be at least partially related to antioxidant-rich spices and other products of plant origin copiou ... | 2010 | 20234067 |
| performance evaluation of heat pump dryer. | a batch type heat pump assisted dehumidified air dryer was developed successfully with a medium range of temperatures (30-41°c) for safe drying of heat sensitive crops. dehumidification system of the developed heat pump dryer (hpd) maintained the relative humidity (rh) of air entering the drying chamber below 40%. the inlet drying air temperature decreased during early hours of drying followed by rapid rise between the 2nd and 10th h, after which the temperature was almost stable. the rh of inle ... | 2010 | 23572630 |
| capsaicin and tocopherol in red pepper seed oil enhances the thermal oxidative stability during frying. | thermal oxidative stability of red pepper (capsicum annuum) seed oil added with different levels of capsaicin or tocopherol as antioxidant during heating up to 48 h at 140±5°c was studied. lipid oxidation of soy and pepper oil with different levels of capsaicin (0.12, 0.24%) and tocopherol (0.3, 0.6%) were evaluated during storage at 1400c for 0, 12, 24 and 48 h by monitoring peroxide value (pv), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (tbars) and chemiluminiscence (cl). capsaicin content of cru ... | 2010 | 23572619 |
| new hosts of myrothecium spp. in brazil and a preliminary in vitro assay of fungicides. | myrothecium roridum and m. verrucaria are two plant pathogenic species causing foliar spots in a large number of cultivated plants. this paper aims to study the causal agents of foliar spots in vegetable crops (sweet pepper, tomato, cucumber), ornamental plants (spathiphyllum, solidago canadensis, anthurium, dieffenbachia) and a solanaceous weed plant (nicandra physalodes). most of the isolates were identified as m. roridum; only the isolate 'myr-02' from s. canadensis was identified as m. verru ... | 2010 | 24031487 |
| influence of different drying methods on carotenoids and capsaicinoids of paprika (cv., jalapeno). | influence of refractance window™ drying (rwd), a novel contact drying method, on carotenoids, capsaicinoids, retinol activity equivalent (rae) and scoville heat unit (shu) of paprika (cv., jalapeno) was investigated in comparison with freeze drying (fd), oven drying (od), and natural convective drying (ncd) methods. eight carotenoids (capsanthin, capsorubin, capsolutein, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, mutatoxanthin, violaxanthin and zeaxanthin) and five capsaicinoid analogues (capsaicin, dihydroca ... | 2011 | 25212310 |
| mycotoxin production by isolates of fusarium lactis from greenhouse sweet pepper (capsicum annuum). | internal fruit rot, caused by fusarium lactis, is an important disease of sweet pepper (capsicum annuum) in canadian greenhouses. production of the mycotoxins fumonisin b₁ (fb₁), moniliformin (mon) and beauvericin (bea) by f. lactis (17 isolates) and the related species f. proliferatum (three isolates) and f. verticillioides (one isolate), which are also associated with internal fruit rot, was evaluated on rice medium. all 21 isolates examined were found to produce bea, at concentrations ranging ... | 2011 | 21903288 |
| comparative study on the chemical composition, antioxidant properties and hypoglycaemic activities of two capsicum annuum l. cultivars (acuminatum small and cerasiferum). | the present study aimed to evaluate for the first time the phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin content and the antioxidant and hypoglycemic properties of capsicum annuum var. acuminatum small and c. annuum var. cerasiferum air-dried fruits. the ethanol extract of c. annuum var. acuminatum small, characterized by the major content of total poliphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids and capsaicinoids, showed the highest radical scavenging activity (ic(50) of 152.9 μg/ml). on ... | 2011 | 21792679 |
| influence of fruit ripening stage and harvest period on the antioxidant content of sweet pepper cultivars. | pepper (capsicum annuum l.) fruits are highly appreciated by producers and consumers for their economical and nutritional value. four different cultivars of coloured peppers in immature and mature stages were harvested throughout the spring and examined for their content of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and total antioxidant capacity (taa) as well as for lipid peroxidation and carbonyl proteins as index of oxidative stress. ripening and harvest period influenced the antioxidants and the deve ... | 2011 | 21792678 |
| cellulase applied to the leaves of sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l. var. grossum) upregulates the production of salicylic and azelaic acids. | treating the leaves of sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l. var. grossum) with an aqueous solution of cellulase resulted in a four-fold increase in the salicylic acid level compared to a control plant. the level of endogenous azelaic acid was also elevated by the cellulase treatment. azelaic acid has recently been reported to act as a mobile "priming" agent to arm plants against pathogenic attack. our results are consistent with this and that the cellulase treatment enhanced the ability of sweet pep ... | 2011 | 21512237 |
| trapping whiteflies? a comparison of greenhouse whitefly (trialeurodes vaporariorum) responses to trap crops and yellow sticky traps. | greenhouse whiteflies, trialeurodes vaporariorum (westwood), are notorious pests that, through the reduction of crop yields and excretion of honeydew, cause significant economic losses for sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) growers. chemical and biological controls are the two most common forms of whitefly management in greenhouses. consequently, insecticide resistance and inadequate control have rejuvenated interest in alternative tactics. in the present study, whitefly responses to trap crops ( ... | 2011 | 21394873 |
| field trial measuring the compatibility of methoxyfenozide and flonicamid with orius laevigatus fieber (hemiptera: anthocoridae) and amblyseius swirskii (athias-henriot) (acari: phytoseiidae) in a commercial pepper greenhouse. | frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae) and bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) are among the most serious pests of sweet peppers in greenhouses. chemical control is difficult because of their high reproductive rates and insecticide resistance, and seasonal inoculative releases of orius laevigatus (fieber) and amblyseius swirskii (athias-henriot) are commonly used to reduce their populations. as chemical treatments are often needed in the crop against othe ... | 2011 | 21495158 |
| influence of agricultural practices on fruit quality of bell pepper. | an experiment was carried out under plastic house conditions to compare the effect of four fermented organic matter sources (cattle, poultry and sheep manure in addition to 1:1:1 mixture of the three organic matter sources) in which 4 kg organic matter m(-2) were used, with that of the conventional agriculture (chemical fertilizers) treatments on marvello red pepper fruit quality, by using a randomized complete block design (rcbd) with four replicates. pepper fruits characteristics cultivated in ... | 2011 | 22518928 |
| 'candidatus phytoplasma costaricanum' a new phytoplasma associated with a newly emerging disease in soybean in costa rica. | a new phytoplasma associated with a newly emerging soybean (glycine max) disease, soybean stunt (soyst), was found in 2002 in a soybean plantation in alajuela province, costa rica. the same or very closely related phytoplasma also infected sweet pepper (capsicum annuum) with purple vein syndrome (swppv) and passion fruit vine (passiflora edulis) with bud proliferation (pasfbp) in the same region. sequence analysis of cloned 16s rdnas (genbank accession nos. fj226068-fj226073 and hq225624-hq22563 ... | 2011 | 21216914 |
| capsaicinoids-induced changes of plasma glucose, free fatty acid and glycerol concentrations in rats. | red peppers are used as a spice for enhancing the palatability of foods. two major capsaicinoids, dihydrocapsaicin (dhc) and capsaicin (cap) are responsible for up to 90% of the total pungency of pepper fruits. these capsaicinoids are known to enhance energy metabolism and thermogenesis. however, there is a little information on the effects of capsaicinoids on the lipolysis and carbohydrate metabolism. we studied the effects of dhc and cap on plasma glucose, free fatty acid (ffa) and glycerol co ... | 2011 | 21297348 |
| enhancement of growth and salt tolerance of red pepper seedlings (capsicum annuum l.) by regulating stress ethylene synthesis with halotolerant bacteria containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase activity. | three 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) deaminase-producing halotolerant bacteria were isolated from west coast soil of yellow sea, incheon, south korea and evaluated for their efficiency in improving red pepper plant growth under salt stress. the strains rs16, rs656 and rs111 were identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing as brevibacterium iodinum, bacillus licheniformis and zhihengliuela alba, respectively. two hour exposure of 100, 150 and 200 mm nacl stress on 8 day old red pepper see ... | 2011 | 21300550 |
| efficient sweet pepper transformation mediated by the baby boom transcription factor. | pepper (capsicum l.) is a nutritionally and economically important crop that is cultivated throughout the world as a vegetable, condiment, and food additive. genetic transformation using agrobacterium tumefaciens (agrobacterium) is a powerful biotechnology tool that could be used in pepper to develop community-based functional genomics resources and to introduce important agronomic traits. however, pepper is considered to be highly recalcitrant for agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and curr ... | 2011 | 21305301 |
| studies on the metabolism and toxicology of emerging capsinoids. | introduction: capsinoids are nonpungent compounds that are found in almost all pungent peppers and are abundant in the sweet pepper cultivar ch-19 sweet. since the discovery of capsinoids 13 years ago, various physiological effects of these compounds - especially reduction of visceral fat - have been observed both in rodents and humans. recently, capsules containing capsinoids have become commercially available and comprehensive studies have been performed on the metabolism and toxicity of capsi ... | 2011 | 21355789 |
| neuroprotection by spice-derived nutraceuticals: you are what you eat! | numerous lines of evidence indicate that chronic inflammation plays a major role in the development of various neurodegenerative diseases, including alzheimer's disease, parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, brain tumor, and meningitis. why these diseases are more common among people from some countries than others is not fully understood, but lifestyle factors have been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. for example, the incidence of certain neurodegenerative diseases a ... | 2011 | 21360003 |
| effect of biofumigation with manure amendments and repeated biosolarization on fusarium densities in pepper crops. | in the region of murcia (southeast spain), sweet pepper has been grown as a monoculture in greenhouses for many years. until 2005, when it was banned, soils were disinfested with methyl bromide (mb) to control pathogens and to prevent soil fatigue effects. the genus fusarium plays an important role in the microbiological component associated with yield decline in pepper monocultures. in the present study, soils were treated with manure amendments, alone (biofumigation, b) or in combination with ... | 2011 | 20820866 |
| virulence of meloidogyne incognita to expression of n gene in pepper. | four pepper genotypes classified as resistant and four pepper genotypes classified as susceptible to several avirulent populations of m. incognita were compared for their reactions against a population of meloidogyne incognita (chitwood) kofoid and white which had been shown to be virulent to resistant bell pepper (capsicum annuum) in preliminary tests. the virulent population of m. incognita originated from a commercial bell pepper field in california. the resistant pepper genotypes used in all ... | 2011 | 22791917 |
| root treatment with rhizobacteria antagonistic to phytophthora blight affects anthracnose occurrence, ripening, and yield of pepper fruit in the plastic house and field. | we previously selected rhizobacterial strains ccr04, ccr80, gse09, ise13, and ise14, which were antagonistic to phytophthora blight of pepper. in this study, we investigated the effects of root treatment of rhizobacteria on anthracnose occurrence, ripening, and yield of pepper fruit in the plastic house and field in 2008 and 2009. we also examined the effects of volatiles produced by the strains on fruit ripening and on mycelial growth and spore development of colletotrichum acutatum and phytoph ... | 2011 | 21405997 |
| the vanilloid capsaicin induces il-6 secretion in prostate pc-3 cancer cells. | capsaicin (8-methyl-n-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a constituent of green and red peppers, has been linked with suppression of tumorigenesis through a mechanism that is not well understood. in the present study, we examined the effects of capsaicin on the production of the cytokine interleukin (il)-6 by pc-3 cells at both protein and mrna levels which were evaluated by elisa and real-time pcr, respectively. capsaicin-treated pc-3 cells increased the synthesis and secretion of il-6 which was abrogated ... | 2011 | 21474332 |
| trpv1 agonist monoacylglycerol increases ucp1 content in brown adipose tissue and suppresses accumulation of visceral fat in mice fed a high-fat and high-sucrose diet. | the administration of such a transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (trpv1) agonist as capsaicin, which is a pungent ingredient of red pepper, promotes energy metabolism and suppresses visceral fat accumulation. we have recently identified monoacylglycerols (mgs) having an unsaturated long-chain fatty acid as the novel trpv1 agonist in foods. we investigated in this present study the effects of dietary mgs on uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) expression in interscapular brown adipose tissue (ibat) a ... | 2011 | 21597186 |